DOCSLIB.ORG

The 2009 Kemper Lecturer Is Announced! Details Inside

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The 2009 Kemper Lecturer Is Announced! Details Inside THE WINSTON CHURCHILL MEMORIAL & LIBRARY IN THE UNITED STATES PLUS: THE 2009 KEMPER LECTURER IS ANNOUNCED! DETAILS INSIDE... WESTMINSTER COLLEGE | FULTON, MISSOURI | WINTER 2008 MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Board of Governors Association of Churchill Fellows William H. Tyler Chairman & Senior Fellow Carmel, California elcome to the winter edition of the Memo and a packed Earl Harbison St. Louis, Missouri edition it is too. We have two very interesting articles the first is from Dr. Richard Toye, who writes about Whitney R. Harris St. Louis, Missouri the relationship between Sir Winston and his great friend and rival, W William Ives David Lloyd George. This article is a distillation of Dr. Toye’s recent Chapel Hill, North Carolina book, entitled appropriately enough Churchill and Lloyd George, Rivals R. Crosby Kemper, III for Greatness. I hope the article whets your appetite sufficiently that Kansas City, Missouri you purchase the book- it is highly recommended! Additionally, as we Barbara Lewington look ahead to the 40th anniversary of the dedication of St. Mary, the St. Louis, Missouri Virgin, Aldermanbury, we have a fascinating piece by Carolyn Perry, Richard J. Mahoney Professor of English at Westminster College. Dr. Perry links a number St. Louis, Missouri of themes in her article; that of the Churches in the City of London, John R. McFarland the great poem by TS Eliot ‘The Wasteland’ (which features many St. Louis, Missouri references to City Churches) and of course the significant local relevance Jean Paul Montupet of Eliot himself, a Missouri native and confirmed Anglophile. St. Louis, Missouri William R. Piper St. Louis, Missouri In November we also celebrated another Memorial milestone, the 25th Suzanne D. Richardson anniversary of that much loved event ‘Victorian Christmas’. This year we St. Louis, Missouri saw all the regular Victorian Christmas favorites such as the kettledrum The Honorable Edwina Sandys, M.B.E. tea, the silent auction and wine and cheese party as well as a resumption New York, New York of our children’s activities for the first time in several years. The Lady Soames L.G., D.B.E. London, U.K. While our general educational programming continues to move Ruth K. Jacobson, Emeritus ahead in encouraging fashion, we have also added the additional Oakland, California responsibility of ‘Public Programming’ to Mandy Crump’s portfolio John E. Marshall, Emeritus of activities. More details can be found in Mandy’s ‘update’ on page 14. Fulton, Missouri We now have a broad range of activities available at weekends and in Harold L. Ogden, Emeritus the evenings to supplement our core museum business and of interest Seal Beach, California and scope to attract all ages and backgrounds. The WC ‘Kids Club’ is Marvin O. Young, Emeritus of particular note for the way in which its Saturday meetings endeavor St. Louis, Missouri to interest younger children in the study of history through a range Churchill Memorial Committee of hands on activities. One session had children learning about the of the Board of Trustees, Westminster College First World War and then constructing their own rudimentary ‘trench periscopes’ from mirrors and cardboard. Other sessions have focused Edward D. Briscoe, Chair St. Louis, Missouri on propaganda and childhood games from the 19th century. James M. Schmuck, Vice Chair St. Louis, Missouri It is also pleasing to announce, atypically ahead of time, the 2009 Ron J. Kostich Kemper Lecturer, Lynne Olson. Lynne is the author of Troublesome Upland, California Young Men, a fascinating exposition of the events and personalities that Jerry N. Middleton shaped British politics in the years immediately before the outbreak St. Louis, Missouri of WW2 and how Sir Winston emerged as Prime Minister in May Harold B. Oakley 1940. See page 6 for more details. Quincy, Illinois Suzanne Richardson I very much hope you enjoy this edition of the Memo and, as ever, St. Louis, Missouri look forward to seeing as many of you as possible over the course of Patricia Kopf Sanner the next year! Arlington, Virginia Linda Gill Taylor Kansas City, Missouri William H. Tyler Carmel, California Linda D. Ward Kansas City, Missouri Dr. Rob Havers George B. Forsythe, Ph.D. Executive Director, Winston Churchill Memorial and Library President, Westminster College in the United States Robin Havers Executive Director 2 Memo winter 2008 CONTENTS 7 11 Memo Notes Beauty in an Unreal City 4 11 by Carolyn Perry The Vaughn Display Case Exhibit Educational Programming 5 by Philip Mohr 14 by Mandy Crump Memo Magazine Winter 2008 Kemper Lecture 6 Submit suggestions and comments to: [email protected] For more information on the Churchill Memorial and Library in the United States please call (573) 592-5324 On the Cover: Budget Day 1910: David Lloyd George, then the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and Churchill, then Home Secretary, in the Liberal Government stride 7 Rivals for Greatness purposefully to deliver the Budget to the House of Commons. by Richard Toye www.churchillmemorial.org Special thanks to: dr. richard toye, University of Exeter, UK; dr. carolyn perry, Westminster College; llyfrgell genedlaethol cymru/ National Library of Wales, Getty Images; the mid-missouri friends of the churchill memorial; philip mohr, Archival Intern; julie roehrs, Memo Intern MEMO NOTES A Fashionable Affair for the Churchill Memorial On Saturday, September the 27th The Mid-Missouri chapter of the Friends of the Memorial held a ‘Fashion Show’ at the Fulton Country Club to raise funds for the Churchill Memorial. This event was a great success with new Friends President Jody Paschal promising that it was the first of a series of exciting activities he has planned for the next twelve months or so. The great range of clothes on display were from Calenas Fashions in Holt’s Summit. Calene Cooper is the owner of this fine boutique and we are grateful for her efforts. The fashion show was really something of a revival of a tradition that ran for many years in the late 1980s and early 1990s. It was great to see it happen once again and great to see all the hard work of the Friends’ committee pay off in such entertaining and enjoyable style. The event was so well attended that the Friends are planning a spring version in 2009. At the event Helen Danuser the first President of the Mid Missouri Friends was honored for her many years of service and thanked (in advance) for the many more to come! Many people worked tirelessly to make this a success but a big thank you to Mary Harrison & Jody Paschal and the Friends’ Board. Well done to all concerned! Top left: Local community member models clothing from Calena’s Fashions (Holts Summit, MO). Bottom left: Judith Schwartz describes the various outfits during the fashion show. Teaching the Legacy of Churchill to Students In September 2008 Executive Director Rob Havers taught a course on Winston Churchill to freshmen students at Westminster College. The course, entitled Winston Churchill: Man of Three Centuries, was intended to provide an understanding of who Churchill was, what he did and how his legacy is still with us today. The students were fortunate to be able to make use of the wonderful facilities in the new museum and also enjoyed being taught in The Clementine Churchill reading library- a room unmatched on campus in terms of atmosphere and ambience! Right: Dr. Rob Havers teaches students about Churchill and his inspirational life of leadership. 4 Memo winter 2008 The Vaughan Display Case Exhibit by Philip Mohr, Archival/Curatorial Intern The Harry Vaughan Collection was donated over the course of many years to Westminster College and the Churchill Memorial. The array of objects in the collection includes artifacts from the Third Reich, Aboriginal Australia, the United States military, and other nations. At first glance, it may seem like a jumble of artifacts that are unrelated to Churchill and Westminster. However, when one considers the importance of Harry Vaughan to the college and the Memorial and then study the story of his life and collection, this is certainly the appropriate place for these items. Harry Hawkins Vaughan was one of Westminster and the Memorial’s most famous affiliates. He graduated from the college in 1916 and soon joined the military where he became a very special friend of the soldier who would one day become President Harry S. Truman. They served together in campaigns along the Mexico border and in the end of World War I. In 1942, Vaughan was reactivated and positioned in the Pacific Theater as the Provost Marshal of Australia. Now on display are three Aboriginal artifacts: a head rest, a paint pot, and a necklace. The headrest is made of carved and decorated wood and would prop the head and neck far above the ground. The paint pot is in the shape of an animal and etched with designs. The necklace is a very interesting item: the weaving of the rope and patterning of shells form a head, face, and hair. Unfortunately, this item is also very delicate and may have to be permanently retired for preservation. Aborigine items that are not on display include: clam digging tools, spears, an axe, boomerangs, and a bullroarer. Israel, Saudi Arabia, Iran, Pakistan, Egypt, Greece, the Later, during his July 1945 visit to the Reich Chancellery Netherlands, Cuba, Honduras, China, and many other building, Vaughan collected extremely rare items from nations and international organizations. Germany. Among these are certificates from the 1936 Additionally, Vaughan had the opportunity to travel Olympiad in Berlin, an invitation from Hermann Göring, and with the President to the Potsdam Conference and on certificates to a German mother signed by “Reichskanzler” vacations. On display is the official, published logbook Adolf Hitler.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Explanatory Notes Finance Bill 2005
    Explanatory Notes Finance Bill 2005 May 2005 © Crown copyright 2005 Published with the permission of HM Treasury on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. The text in this document (excluding the Royal Coat of Arms and departmental logos) may be reproduced free of charge in any format or medium providing that it is reproduced accurately and not used in a misleading context. The material must be acknowledged as Crown copyright and the title of the document specified. Any enquiries relating to the copyright in this document should be sent to: The Licensing Division HMSO St Clements House 2-16 Colegate Norwich NR3 1BQ Fax: 01603 723000 E-mail: [email protected] HM Treasury contacts This document can be accessed from the Treasury Internet site at: www.hm-treasury.gov.uk For further information on the Treasury and its work, contact: Correspondence and Enquiry Unit HM Treasury 1 Horse Guards Road London SW1A 2HQ Tel: 020 7270 4558 Fax: 020 7270 4861 E-mail: [email protected] HM REVENUE AND CUSTOMS FINANCE BILL 2005 RESOLUTION 2 CLAUSE 1 EXPLANATORY NOTE CLAUSE 1: GOODS SUBJECT TO WAREHOUSING REGIME: PLACE OF ACQUISITION OR SUPPLY SUMMARY 1. Clause 1 confers on HM Revenue and Customs power to make regulations prescribing circumstances in which the relief from VAT applying to supplies of goods within customs warehouses, contained in section 18(1) of the VAT Act 1994, shall not apply. DETAILS OF THE CLAUSE 2. Supplies of goods within UK customs warehouses are treated as taking place outside the UK for VAT purposes.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and the Communist Party of Canada, 1932-1941, with Specific Reference to the Activism of Dorothy Livesay and Jim Watts
    Mother Russia and the Socialist Fatherland: Women and the Communist Party of Canada, 1932-1941, with specific reference to the activism of Dorothy Livesay and Jim Watts by Nancy Butler A thesis submitted to the Department of History in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Canada November 2010 Copyright © Nancy Butler, 2010 ii Abstract This dissertation traces a shift in the Communist Party of Canada, from the 1929 to 1935 period of militant class struggle (generally known as the ‘Third Period’) to the 1935-1939 Popular Front Against Fascism, a period in which Communists argued for unity and cooperation with social democrats. The CPC’s appropriation and redeployment of bourgeois gender norms facilitated this shift by bolstering the CPC’s claims to political authority and legitimacy. ‘Woman’ and the gendered interests associated with women—such as peace and prices—became important in the CPC’s war against capitalism. What women represented symbolically, more than who and what women were themselves, became a key element of CPC politics in the Depression decade. Through a close examination of the cultural work of two prominent middle-class female members, Dorothy Livesay, poet, journalist and sometime organizer, and Eugenia (‘Jean’ or ‘Jim’) Watts, reporter, founder of the Theatre of Action, and patron of the Popular Front magazine New Frontier, this thesis utilizes the insights of queer theory, notably those of Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and Judith Butler, not only to reconstruct both the background and consequences of the CPC’s construction of ‘woman’ in the 1930s, but also to explore the significance of the CPC’s strategic deployment of heteronormative ideas and ideals for these two prominent members of the Party.
    [Show full text]
  • Bill Explanatory Notes Introduction
    FINANCE (No. 3) BILL EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION EXPLANATORY NOTES INTRODUCTION 1. These explanatory notes relate to the Finance (No. 3) Bill as introduced into Parliament on 31 March 2011. They have been prepared jointly by the HM Revenue & Customs and HM Treasury in order to assist the reader in understanding the Bill. They do not form part of the Bill and have not been endorsed by Parliament. 2. The notes are designed to be read alongside with the Bill. They are not, and are not meant to be, a comprehensive description of the Bill. So, where a section or part of a section does not seem to require any explanation or comment, none is given. FINANCE (No. 3) BILL RESOLUTION 2 CLAUSE 1 EXPLANATORY NOTE CLAUSE 1: CHARGE AND MAIN RATES FOR 2011-12 SUMMARY 1. Clause 1 imposes the income tax charge for 2011-12 and sets the basic rate of income tax at 20 per cent, the higher rate at 40 per cent and the additional rate at 50 per cent. DETAILS OF THE CLAUSE 2. Subsection (1) imposes the income tax charge for 2011-12. 3. Subsection (2)(a) sets the basic rate of income tax at 20 per cent. 4. Subsection (2)(b) sets the higher rate of income tax at 40 per cent. 5. Subsection (2)(c) sets the additional rate of income tax at 50 per cent. BACKGROUND NOTE 6. Income tax is an annual tax re-imposed by Parliament (even if the proposed rates are the same as for the previous year). The table below sets out the main rates and rate limits for 2011-12 and for reference includes the amounts for 2010-11: 2010-11 2011-12 Basic rate £0 - £37,400 at 20 per cent £0 - £35,000 at 20 per cent Higher rate £37,401 - £150,000 at 40 per £35,001 - £150,000 at 40 per cent cent Additional rate Over £150,000 at 50 per cent Over £150,000 at 50 per cent The basic rate limit of £35,000 as identified in the table above is set by clause 2 of this Bill.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxguide 3/06 Finance (No. 2) Act 2005 (Formerly Finance Bill of Summer 2005)
    TAXGUIDE 3/06 FINANCE (NO. 2) ACT 2005 (FORMERLY FINANCE BILL OF SUMMER 2005) Text of replies from HMRC issued in February 2006 to representations published as TAXREPs 26/05 and 29/05 submitted in June 2005 to the Paymaster General by the Tax Faculty of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales commenting on the Finance Bill of Summer 2005 CONTENTS Paragraph FOREWORD (i)-(viii) INTRODUCTION 1-3 GENERAL COMMENTS 4-16 DETAILED COMMENTS 17-76 Annex WHO WE ARE A TEN TENETS FOR A BETTER TAX SYSTEM B FURTHER DETAIL ON COMPLIANCE WITH EU LAW C The Tax Faculty of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales TAXGUIDE 3/06 1 FINANCE (NO. 2) ACT 2005 (FORMERLY FINANCE BILL OF SUMMER 2005) REPRESENTATIONS AND HMRC RESPONSES FOREWORD This memorandum (i) The Finance Bill of Summer 2005 was published on 26 May 2005. The Tax Faculty submitted to the Paymaster General on 9 June comments on Clauses 11 and 40 and Schedule 8 (TAXREP 26/05) and on 17 June comments on the remainder (TAXREP 29/05: for both see http://www.icaew.co.uk/viewer/index.cfm?AUB=TB2I_82620). Finance (No.2 Act) 2005 received Royal Assent on 20 July 2005. (ii) HMRC have subsequently provided written responses to our representations. (iii) This memorandum reproduces the text of our comments in TAXREPs 26/05 and 29/05 and in italics the text of the responses by HMRC. We have reordered the representations and responses so that they are in section number order; the original paragraph numbers in our representations memoranda have therefore not been retained.
    [Show full text]
  • The Popular Front: Roadblock to Revolution
    Internationalist Group League for th,e Fourth International The Popular Front: Roadblock to Revolution Volunteers from the anarcho-syndicalist CNT and POUM militias head to the front against Franco's forces in Spanish Civil War, Barcelona, September 1936. The bourgeois Popular Front government defended capitalist property, dissolved workers' militias and blocked the road to revolution. Internationalist Group Class Readings May 2007 $2 ® <f$l~ 1162-M Introduction The question of the popular front is one of the defining issues in our epoch that sharply counterpose the revolution­ ary Marxism of Leon Trotsky to the opportunist maneuverings of the Stalinists and social democrats. Consequently, study of the popular front is indispensable for all those who seek to play a role in sweeping away capitalism - a system that has brought with it untold poverty, racial, ethnic, national and sexual oppression and endless war - and opening the road to a socialist future. "In sum, the People's Front is a bloc of the bourgeoisie and the proletariat," Trotsky wrote in December 1937 in re­ sponse to questions from the French magazine Marianne. Trotsky noted: "When two forces tend in opposite directions, the diagonal of the parallelogram approaches zero. This is exactly the graphic formula of a People's Front govern­ ment." As a bloc, a political coalition, the popular (or people's) front is not merely a matter of policy, but of organization. Opportunists regularly pursue class-collaborationist policies, tailing after one or another bourgeois or petty-bourgeois force. But it is in moments of crisis or acute struggle that they find it necessary to organizationally chain the working class and other oppressed groups to the class enemy (or a sector of it).
    [Show full text]
  • PDF File: a Guide to the Public Finance
    A Guide to the Public Finance Act August 2005 ISBN 0-478-18282-1 A Guide to the PFA.indd 1 22/08/2005 10:12:28 a.m. Foreword The year 2004 marked the Þ rst major change to New Zealand’s public management system in a decade, when Parliament passed the Public Finance (State Sector Management) Bill. The Bill, which resulted in signiÞ cant amendments to the Public Finance Act 1989, grew out of a desire to improve performance and integration across New Zealand’s public sector. The importance of this milestone should not be underestimated. An efÞ cient, effective and innovative state sector is critical to achieving higher living standards for New Zealanders. Also, maintaining the level of trust New Zealanders have in the integrity of the Government’s Þ nancial systems is fundamental to our democracy. The Public Finance Act provides a framework for pursuing these goals. It represents the foundation of accountability systems for the resources provided by taxpayers to the New Zealand Government, and which the Government administers on our behalf. The changes which were made to the Public Finance Act have, of course, resulted in a number of changes to the Þ nancial and administrative procedures that are required to be followed by government departments, Crown entities and other public institutions. The purpose of this guide is to provide information for users on the purpose of the changes to the Act, what the new requirements are, who they affect and how they Þ t into the Government’s budgeting and reporting cycle. The structure of the guide follows that of the amended Public Finance Act, with speciÞ c chapters on appropriations, Þ scal responsibility, Crown reporting, departmental reporting, Þ nancial powers, and the budgeting and reporting cycle.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaping the Inheritance of the Spanish Civil War on the British Left, 1939-1945 a Thesis Submitted to the University of Manches
    Shaping the Inheritance of the Spanish Civil War on the British Left, 1939-1945 A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Master of Philosophy in the Faculty of Humanities 2017 David W. Mottram School of Arts, Languages and Cultures Table of contents Abstract p.4 Declaration p.5 Copyright statement p.5 Acknowledgements p.6 Introduction p.7 Terminology, sources and methods p.10 Structure of the thesis p.14 Chapter One The Lost War p.16 1.1 The place of ‘Spain’ in British politics p.17 1.2 Viewing ‘Spain’ through external perspectives p.21 1.3 The dispersal, 1939 p.26 Conclusion p.31 Chapter Two Adjustments to the Lost War p.33 2.1 The Communist Party and the International Brigaders: debt of honour p.34 2.2 Labour’s response: ‘The Spanish agitation had become history’ p.43 2.3 Decline in public and political discourse p.48 2.4 The political parties: three Spanish threads p.53 2.5 The personal price of the lost war p.59 Conclusion p.67 2 Chapter Three The lessons of ‘Spain’: Tom Wintringham, guerrilla fighting, and the British war effort p.69 3.1 Wintringham’s opportunity, 1937-1940 p.71 3.2 ‘The British Left’s best-known military expert’ p.75 3.3 Platform for influence p.79 3.4 Defending Britain, 1940-41 p.82 3.5 India, 1942 p.94 3.6 European liberation, 1941-1944 p.98 Conclusion p.104 Chapter Four The political and humanitarian response of Clement Attlee p.105 4.1 Attlee and policy on Spain p.107 4.2 Attlee and the Spanish Republican diaspora p.113 4.3 The signal was Greece p.119 Conclusion p.125 Conclusion p.127 Bibliography p.133 49,910 words 3 Abstract Complexities and divisions over British left-wing responses to the Spanish Civil War between 1936 and 1939 have been well-documented and much studied.
    [Show full text]
  • Finance Bill 2016: Legislation and Explanatory Notes Volume 1 Clauses 1 to 81
    Finance (No. 2) Bill 2016 Explanatory Notes Volume 1 Clauses 1 to 81 24 March 2016 © Crown copyright 2016 You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/opengovernment- licence/version/3/ or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or e-mail: [email protected]. Any queries regarding this publication should be sent to us at: [email protected]. ISBN 978-0215092649 Explanatory notes Introduction 1. These explanatory notes relate to the Finance (No. 2) Bill 2016 as introduced into Parliament on 24 March 2016. They have been prepared jointly by the HM Revenue & Customs and HM Treasury in order to assist the reader in understanding the Bill. They do not form part of the Bill and have not been endorsed by Parliament. 2. The notes need to be read in conjunction with the Bill. They are not, and are not meant to be, a comprehensive description of the Bill. So, where a section or part of a section does not seem to require any explanation or comment, none is given. FINANCE (No. 2) BILL 2016 RESOLUTION 2 CLAUSE Clause 1: Income tax charge and rates for 2016-17 Summary 1. This clause provides for income tax and sets the main rates for 2016-17. Details of the clause 2. Subsection (1) provides for income tax for 2016-17. 3. Subsection (2) sets the basic, additional and higher rates of income tax for 2016-17.
    [Show full text]
  • British War Cabinet
    British War Cabinet Dear Delegates to the British War Cabinet, Welcome to the British War Cabinet (BWC) and University of Michigan Model United Nations Conference (UMMUN). I would like to extend a special welcome to those of you new to UMMUN. This committee will hopefully prove to be very exciting because of the dynamics and, of course, you, the delegates. This year, we have decided to create a new committee to fit the growing needs of delegates. You will be asked to tackle difficult situations quickly and keep your wits about you. Also, with no set topic, I expect each delegate to be well-versed in the person he or she represents as well as his or her powers and areas expertise. I do not expect you to become experts, but I do expect you to know what information you should know so that it may be called upon, if needed. This is a small committee, and as such, I will expect you all to be very active during the conference. I have a great staff this year. Dana Chidiac is my Assitant Director. She is a second year student concentrating in English. My name is Nicole Mazur. I am a fourth year student at UM, double concentrating in Political Science and Communications. My model UN career began when I got to college and have since been to conferences at University of Pennsylvania, Harvard University, University of Chicago, McGill University, and Georgetown University. Last year for UMMUN, I was the Director of the United States National Security Council. If you have any questions, please feel free to email me.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Thought of Aneurin Bevan Nye Davies Thesis
    The Political Thought of Aneurin Bevan Nye Davies Thesis submitted to Cardiff University in partial fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Law and Politics September 2019 DECLARATION This work has not been submitted in substance for any other degree or award at this or any other university or place of learning, nor is being submitted concurrently in candidature for any degree or other award. Signed ………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 1 This thesis is being submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of …………………………(insert MCh, MD, MPhil, PhD etc, as appropriate) Signed ………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 2 This thesis is the result of my own independent work/investigation, except where otherwise stated. Other sources are acknowledged by explicit references. The views expressed are my own. Signed ………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 3 I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available online in the University’s Open Access repository and for inter-library loan, and for the title and summary to be made available to outside organisations. Signed ………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… STATEMENT 4: PREVIOUSLY APPROVED BAR ON ACCESS I hereby give consent for my thesis, if accepted, to be available online in the University’s Open Access repository and for inter-library loans after expiry of a bar on access previously approved by the Academic Standards & Quality Committee. Signed ………………………………………… (candidate) Date ………………………… WORD COUNT 77,992 (Excluding summary, acknowledgements, declarations, contents pages, appendices, tables, diagrams and figures, references, bibliography, footnotes and endnotes) Summary Today Aneurin Bevan is a revered figure in British politics, celebrated for his role as founder one of the country’s most cherished institutions, the National Health Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Fascism and Democracy in the 1930S
    02_EHQ 32/1 articles 20/11/01 10:48 am Page 39 Tom Buchanan Anti-fascism and Democracy in the 1930s In November 1936 Konni Zilliacus wrote to John Strachey, a leading British left-wing intellectual and a prime mover in the recently founded Left Book Club, inviting him to ponder ‘the problem of class-war strategy and tactics in a democracy’. Zilliacus, a press officer with the League of Nations and subse- quently a Labour Party MP, was particularly worried about the failure of the Communist Party and the Comintern to offer a clear justification for their decision to support the Popular Front and collective security. ‘There is no doubt’, Zilliacus wrote, ‘that those who are on the side of unity are woefully short of a convincing come-back when the Right-Wing put up the story about Com- munist support of democracy etc. being merely tactical camou- flage.’1 Zilliacus’s comment raises very clearly the issue that lies at the heart of this article. For it is well known that the rise of fascism in the 1930s appeared to produce a striking affirmation of sup- port for democracy, most notably in the 1936 election victories of the Spanish and French Popular Fronts. Here, and elsewhere, anti-fascism was able to unite broad political coalitions rang- ing from liberals and conservatives to socialists, communists and anarchists. But were these coalitions united more by a fear of fascism than by a love of democracy — were they, in effect, marriages of convenience? Historians have long disagreed on this issue. Some have emphasized the prior loyalty of Communist supporters of the Popular Front to the Stalinist regime in the USSR, and have explained their new-found faith in democracy as, indeed, a mere ‘tactical camouflage’ (a view given retrospec- tive weight by the 1939 Nazi–Soviet Pact).
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Fascism in a Global Perspective
    ANTI-FASCISM IN A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE Transnational Networks, Exile Communities, and Radical Internationalism Edited by Kasper Braskén, Nigel Copsey and David Featherstone First published 2021 ISBN: 978-1-138-35218-6 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-138-35219-3 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-05835-6 (ebk) Chapter 10 ‘Aid the victims of German fascism!’: Transatlantic networks and the rise of anti-Nazism in the USA, 1933–1935 Kasper Braskén (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) This OA chapter is funded by the Academy of Finland (project number 309624) 10 ‘AID THE VICTIMS OF GERMAN FASCISM!’ Transatlantic networks and the rise of anti-Nazism in the USA, 1933–1935 Kasper Braskén Anti-fascism became one of the main causes of the American left-liberal milieu during the mid-1930s.1 However, when looking back at the early 1930s, it seems unclear as to how this general awareness initially came about, and what kind of transatlantic exchanges of information and experiences formed the basis of a rising anti-fascist consensus in the US. Research has tended to focus on the latter half of the 1930s, which is mainly concerned with the Communist International’s (Comintern) so-called popular front period. Major themes have included anti- fascist responses to the Italian invasion of Ethiopia in 1935, the strongly felt soli- darity with the Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939), or the slow turn from an ‘anti-interventionist’ to an ‘interventionist/internationalist’ position during the Second World War.2 The aim of this chapter is to investigate two communist-led, international organisations that enabled the creation of new transatlantic, anti-fascist solidarity networks only months after Hitler’s rise to power in January 1933.
    [Show full text]