U C PLU CAR EL N SE B had been Basset Mines Tramway Tunnel smithy is Smithy N R CARN BREA HILL TRAIL O E CYCLE TRAIL 30 CARNKIE SCHOOL - PIECE BARROWS IN FOUR LANES buried under beside the C Please keep to the designated paths. mine dumps Victoria Please keep to designated paths. Private property. There are numerous Bronze Age burial 1 3 Date stone 1842. Approx. 1 /2 miles/2.5km from Carnkie and was re- Inn but by Route A • 4 /4 miles/7.75km. mounds dating from 500 BC including. 1 and back. Route B • 2 /4 miles /3.75km. Originally a discovered, 1907 it is GREGWARTHA BARROWS 1 CARN BREA repaired and on the Start at Cowlins Mill. girl’s school CASTLE Private property. established by Private property. ‘Creg’ means barrow and re-opened in opposite 24 TREGAJORRAN CHAPEL ‘Wartha’ means upper, therefore ‘Upper Allegedly dates from the Basset 1997. side of the Private property. Site of the former chapel. Barrow’. SW 6915 4005 Norman times and was family, it was a SW6842 3955 road, The first chapel was built in the 1830’s. It used as a hunting beside the corner shop. SW 6902 3865 CARNCARN BREABREA mixed school of 210 children by 1910. BALLARD EST. BARROW was one of the Redruth plan with a lodge by the 9 SOUTH WHEAL FRANCES SW6793 3972 Private property. Overgrown and not COUNTHOUSE 17 DUCK POND No longer existing Sunday afternoon service and seated 210. Bassets for the deer park. SW 686 4085 PARISHPARISH COUNCILCOUNCIL Slight detour to visible. SW692 3862 Private property. Date stone SF 1834 Once situated on the corner outside the By 1849 the estimated congregation was Carn Brea Monument 175 but after the division of the PILLAMINE/BASSET CARN BARROWS 2 CARN BREA Situated at Filtrick. The counthouse was Pencoys Hall, formerly the Sunday 31 TP BOUNDARY STONE MONUMENT the account house of a mine. Here there is School. It was filled in during WW2 to Methodist Church in 1849 the numbers Private property. Bronze Age barrows or had dwindled to 29 and 40 in the Private property. It is the gate post of a burial mounds dating from around 500 90ft/27.5m high a large room running the full width of the prevent vehicles getting stuck. It probably house aptly named ‘The Boundary’. A and 738ft/225m front. This would be where board gave its name to ‘Duck Lane’ as Loscombe afternoon and evening respectively. In BC. Three barrows were recorded here in 1851 a new chapel was built on the site of nearby shaft at Wheal Frances was called 1851. At the time the diameters were above sea level, it is meetings and mine dinners were held. Lane is known to locals, also the Boundary Shaft. Close by is another TP inscribed ‘The SW 682 393 Sportsmans Arms was known as Wild the present chapel on a lease from the approximately 75ft/23m and 80ft/24m. Basset family. Various alterations and stone. They were probably private Access from Penventon Farm entrance. County of Cornwall Duck Inn. SW 6882 3838 boundary markers. SW 6805 397 to the memory of 10 SOUTH WHEAL FRANCES extensions were carried out, including in SW69120 39510 COMMUNAL BATHS 18 LOSCOMBE FARM, LOSCOMBE 1887 an extra vestry was built. This had a Francis Lord de 32 WHITCROSS HILL CELTIC CROSS GREGWARTHA MANOR BARROWS LANE HULL AND WELL date stone of 1887 which could be Dunstanville and The mine probably dates from the 18th 12th Century. Whitcross is probably a Private property Originally a group of 4 confused as the date of the chapel’s Basset A.D. 1836’. Century but closed in 1824 to re-open in Private property. In the hull there are four corruption of ‘White Cross’. The field ranging from 82ft/25m to 138ft/42m construction. In 1908 the vestry was SW 6835 407 1834 with a lease having been granted by chambers hewn out of granite at the directly behind the cross was named ‘Cross diameter but one now destroyed. replaced by the schoolroom. The choir Frances Baroness Basset, daughter of Lord bottom of a flight of granite steps. In the Field’ on the 1840 Tithe Apportionment SW 68320 38550 3 NEOLITHIC SETTLEMENT SITE de Dunstanville. Marriott’s shaft was sunk 1930’s the farmer’s wife stored her butter were accompanied by brass and Map. There are five villages in Cornwall Situated on the eastern summit. This is in 1845. South Frances Ltd. was in it when the summers were hot and the woodwind instruments but these were called Whitecross but only two still have HULLS IN FOUR LANES the earliest known village in Britain and amalgamated with Wheal Basset to form son would show magic lantern slide replaced by an harmonium around 1883 their white cross, also there are about 30 was inhabited around 3,000 BC possibly Basset Mines Ltd, which was registered in shows to his friends. In the 1950’s-60’s and this in turn by a pipe organ in 1922. crosses which are painted white and There were over twenty hulls recorded in even 6,000 BC. There was a settlement of 1896. The company developed the the hull was used to grow mushrooms. The chapel had the largest bible class of known as White crosses. It is not known the Four Lanes area but now only about 150 to 200 people in rectangular wooden property extensively and was one of the The well is approx. 47ft/14.3m deep with young men in the area and celebrated its five still remain. There is no documentary Ordnance Survey Map Explorer 1:2500 Sheet no. 104 why they were painted white. Wayside huts, surrounded by massive stone best equipped mines in Cornwall. The 8ft/ 2.4m of water. Reputed never to run centenary in 1952. It closed in 1992 and crosses in Cornwall are evidence but the hulls probably date from ramparts forming part of the same system miners’ changing room or ‘dry’ replaced dry. SW 6875 3845 Public Transport Information was demolished in 1996. SW 6741 4071 mainly 12th Century the 16th or 17th Century. Some hulls were as the other ramparts and enclosure on in regular use up to the advent of the the old one in 1908. It was described as Bus Service: 0870 6082608 • Train: 08457 48 49 50 Tregajorran Chapel and would have been the western summit. The huts have been ‘second to none in the county’. The 19 ST. ANDREWS CHURCH/MERRITT refrigerator. They would provide a ORGAN/LYCH GATE WAR MEMORIAL Coach, National Express: 08705 80 80 80 set up when the carbon dated to between 3109 and 2687 company went into liquidation in 1919. parochial system constant temperature winter and summer The church was consecrated in 1881. BC, which would make this settlement SW 681 3935 How to get there was being - giving ideal storage for dairy products in the oldest known in Britain. 700 or more Mother Maria Charlotte Broadley 1806- 1 summer and frost-free storage in winter Camborne to Four Lanes ...... 2 /2 miles/4km established. There Back to Carnkie via road to Higher 1882 was Foundress, Benefactress and for root crops. There are tales of smugglers arrowheads were recovered during the 1 is also a celtic cross Carnkie First Redruth to Four Lanes ...... 2 /2 miles/4km bringing contraband wine and spirits 1970-73 excavations, indicating an attack St Andrew’s Church 1 at Forest. in the Neolithic period and providing Patron. Camborne to Penhallick ...... 1 /4 miles/2km during the 18th and 19th Centuries, from 11 PRIMITIVE METHODIST CHAPEL 3 SW 6746 3973 some of the earliest evidence of armed When Redruth to Penhallick ...... 1 /4 miles/3km places such as Gwithian. The hulls may Private property. Built around 1830, seating conflict. SW 687 408 Chili have even been used to produce alcohol. 106 and cost £66. Christmas Bazaars were Illustrations: Betty Rule • Research: Cllr Diana Cousins Road 25 TREGAJORRAN WAR MEMORIAL Route A 4.75 miles. A hull is an underground chamber or 4 IRON AGE FORTIFICATION held at Piece School and services were Chapel Photographs kindly supplied by: Originally on the chapel but was removed Seaview Terrace to Carn Arthen. chambers, with its entrance usually built and round huts around the Basset held on Carn Brea. It closed in 1988 and closed in Paddy Bradley, Four Lanes History Forum, during demolition and stored for safe Turn right onto Great Flat Lode. into a hedge or bank. The hull could be Monument. One of the largest hill forts in is now a private dwelling called ‘The Old 1973, the Henry Eva, Bill Fry, built in the side of a hill or if the ground Methodist Chapel’. SW 6868 3975 keeping. Cornwall, with massive defensive walls organ Diana Cousins and Cornwall Centre. 33 BREA STREAMWORKS was flat, descend downwards to reach the and a dozen round huts. SW 685 407 12 WESLEYAN METHODIST CHAPEL Thomas Merritt was believed to have used Grateful thanks to the Community Regeneration 26 QUARRY BRANCH LINE RAILWAY Private property. In operation in 1895 and chambers. Farm hulls were usually to compose many of his well loved carols, Carried stone from Carn Brea Quarry to multiple chambered while cottage hulls 5 WELL ON CARN BREA The first chapel was leased by the Basset Team for their help and support; also Michael Tangye, shown on the 1907 OS map. Well was bought by St. Andrews. SW 6875 383 build Redruth viaduct. preserved examples of convex and were simpler, with a single chamber. Hulls Access difficult. Granite structure approx. family in 1797. The lease was renewed in Four Lanes History Forum, Tim Schofield, Henry Eva, SW 6864 412 to 6894 410 concave buddles, slime tanks and tailings were usually built in close proximity to a 2ft/0.6m square beneath the northern 1840, the 20 MILESTONE Clarice Miles, Tuesday Northcoat and Doreen Reynolds. The New Wesleyan Chapel building, sometimes being entered from date the Carn Brea Hill channels. SW 6665 4009 rampart of the hill fort. Reputed never to Approx. 65ft/20m east of the former Carn Brea Parish Council within the dwelling house. Internal have run dry, it was probably the second Forest Sunday School, with faces chapel Treloweth Community Hall, Moorfield Rd, Pool, Redruth TR15 3QB 34 BREA LEAT features often include shelves and niches traditional water source for the prehistoric inscribed REDRUTH 3 MILES HELSTON 7 Tel 01209 313014 • Fax 01209 217239 • Email [email protected] Carried water from Bolenowe Moor to for candles. and medieval communities. There are wasMILES. This stone, Grade 11 listed, built, supply waterwheels in Old Cooks Kitchen They were excavated, using simple tools actually three wells on Carn Brea including together with the one at Penventon, mine. It would still be carrying water today like a pick and shovel. The excavation the House of Water, which measured a seating REDRUTH/2 MILES HELSTON/8 MILES, 250. This but unfortunately the mine maintenance work was dual purpose - to provide depth of 45 fathoms (270ft/82.3m) in were probably installed around 1890, man was replaced by a machine, which underground storage space and also access 1860, also the Giant’s Well which is chapel when the Redruth-Helston road was stood on what is now the entrance to the breached the water seal rendering the leat a ready supply of construction material. located furthest west. SW 6860 4093 made a Main road and adopted by the useless. SW 66740 40300 The gravel produced could be used to infill Village Hall. The 1905 chapel was built to then new Cornwall County Council. This replace the second one. The 1905 chapel walls or lay tracks and lanes. The entrance CARNKIE TRAIL road was never a turnpike toll road. The Back to Cowlins Mill. and stairs are usually constructed out of stands on land formerly occupied by milestones form part of a continuous run OR Route B 2.26 miles continue down 2.45 miles/4km. Please keep to the three cottages, part of a row of five, with 27 CARN BREA QUARRY hard granite, with lintels, jambs and steps designated paths of milestones still in existence between Not accessible. Opened in 1844 to provide Whitcross Hill all out of shaped blocks. only now two remaining. SW 687 3991 the two towns. SW 6845 379 granite for the construction of the LOSCOMBE FARM HULL Private property 6 SELEGGAN SMELTING WORKS 13 SUNDAY SCHOOL 21 FOREST Redruth viaduct, to replace the older Well preserved and very impressive. The Set up in 1887 by the Cornish Tin Now the Village Hall, probably built This area was heavily wooded as far as the wooden structure. SW 689 410 four main chambers lie at the foot of a Smelting Co. and served by a branch of around the same time as the 1905 coast and in 1674 was known as the flight of eleven granite steps. The stairway the Redruth & Chasewater Railway chapel. SW 6869 3995 Carnkie by West Basset Stamps and which ran to the Buller Downs Yard. By ‘Forest of Grylles’. SW 680 378 onto Piece is roofed and lined in granite and the steps 1900 it was the largest smelting works in FOUR LANES TRAIL are blocks of granite. There are niches in 22 FOREST SUNDAY SCHOOL 28 MISSION ROOM BOWLING GREEN the walls for candles and tool marks on Cornwall and extended by 4 new 3 /4 miles/1.25km Private property. Date Stone 1882. The first furnaces in 1912. By 1923 it was the Private property. A wooden mission room the ceiling. It had been used in the mid Please keep to the designated paths. Forest Wesleyan Chapel was built where only active smelting works in Cornwall was erected at a cost of £150 by Gustavus 1900’s for mushroom cultivation. When the Sunday School now stands. It was Lambert Basset Esq. and seated 120 the present owner purchased it the spent but closed in 1931. SW 69461 40134 14 FOUR LANES UMFC Carnarthen Moor Institute constructed of cob and thatch. The land people. Gustavus Basset died in 1888. compost was approx. 1ft deep and had to The original chapel was built in 1856 but Seleggan Smelting Works was leased from the Basset family. A new SW 681 399 be laboriously cleared using buckets, damaged by a storm around 1966. The PLEASE KEEP TO 35 CARNARTHEN MOOR INSTITUTE chapel was built on its present site in giving an idea of the labour involved in present chapel occupies the Sunday 1881 at a cost of £1,100, with a new lease, DESIGNATED PATHS. 29 THE COUNTRYMAN - PIECE Private property. Was built after the First DO NOT TRESPASS ONTO World War and was still in use in the the original excavation. SW 6875 3845 School building of 1884. SW 6909 3864 again from the Basset family. The original Built as a beer house - without a spirits PRIVATE PROPERTY. 1950’s. It was very popular and well used. WILD DUCK INN HULL Now Sportsman’s chapel was demolished in 1882 and the licence. The land was leased in 1860 from 1 15 FOUR LANES INN Now Victoria Inn There was a small fireplace and a /4 size Arms. Private property. There were two Sunday School built. SW 6838 378 the widow of the Pendarves Estate for the 1 Roundhead soldiers en-route to attack the billiard table. Subscriptions were /2 crown building of a ‘Public House Shop and chambers approx.10 feet/3m square and 6 Royalist garrison 23 FOREST a year. SW 673 4015 Garden’. The pub was the smaller right feet/2m high, slate lined. This was revealed at St. Michael’s WESLEYAN hand part of the building and the larger View of in 1886 when a cow’s foot broke through By kind permission of the Cornwall Centre Mount circa CHAPEL part was the dwelling house. The pub was the roof of the chamber. The hull is now 7 BASSET COUNTHOUSE 1644 were Private property known first as Piece Beerhouse, then 36 BOSLEAKE QUARRY filled in. SW 68770 38320 Private property. 19th Century. allegedly Built on its Private property. It was probably from this Pendarves Arms. It was once owned by GREGWARTHA MANOR HULL Private Counthouse for the Wheal Basset Mine. murdered by locals and the bodies buried present site in quarry that the 100,000 cubic feet/2832 ‘Froggie Skewes’ who bred frogs for property The hull is entered from inside SW 6915 4005 in a bog. SW 690 386 1881 at a cost cubic metres of granite was taken in 1824 medical research. In 1949 he was the building, possibly as a result of later of £1,100, Forest Wesleyan Chapel for the extension to the pier head of 8 BASSET MINES TRAMWAY TUNNEL 16 SMITHY Private property involved in a court case concerning the additions. It consists of 2 main chambers with a lease from the Basset family. Portreath harbour. SW 6760 4040 Built 1908 to take the mineral line from Stood between the corner shop and the sale of a motor cycle for 2,500 frogs. at right angles to each other, with smaller SW684 3782 Marriott’s shaft to East Basset stamps. It Institute. On the 1880 OS map the SW 6785 3975 Back to Cowlins Mill. off-shoots. SW 69580 38279 Information on Hulls from ‘Cornish Archaeology’ No.12 1973. Michael Tangye.