SOCIÉTÉ DES NATIONS. IjAÇKET^jj LEAGUE OF NATIONS.
REGISTRY. r t Classement. , - - Jf)C\r Dossier N“ | 0^-vU ^), N' **>- Classement Document N". £<5 T_VV\V rwvE,____
SsC Schvuulv W ithlll
REMETTRE CE DOCUMENT L'USAGE DE CET EMPLACEMENT EST remettre ce document (En second lieu). réservé au Registry. (En premier lieu).
■chedule within
Document ) précédent i Index A. Index B. Schedule within
Voir les dossiers : -
A classer ' ' '
CONTINUED IN JACKET r rT « » % 1JACKET 3 Ï 1 9 2 a . % SOCIETE DES NATIONS. LEAGUE OF NATIONS.
HF.GI8IRV. RUSSIAN REFUGEES Document No. I). -i.,r No. "T ... 2. 3 3 /<$/[ 22278
fîfy\< \£n.|iv d .C A
O oM iZa 6 F 3x^{y* M
• ^ (Kn I 'l'i-mitrr-Kcw.) (Kn Beuoinl-liini). Héeponaos, &c. (Out Letter Book) :
C I'i tf&jXrZ' ^
" Ç/i^ __L J - a TRANSLATION of letter from M r .H A H N,Odessa to Mr Gorvin. t0* I6th November 1923. No.3554 A.
Dear Mr Gorvin,
A few days ago a small Italian steamer "ALLA" arrived here
with about 300 Wrangel soldiers from Varna.
About 80# of these refugees have been sent to their native
country 'oy the Refugees Association, ^he journey from Varna to Odessa
under very unfavourable conditions, costs 10 to 15 Turkish liras.
These immigrants nave found here a shelter in the Feeding point of tfe
Evacuation Authorities, but they are isolated. They get I pound bread
per day, some soup (meat every two days) andbgruel for supper. They
are examined as to their state of health and undergo treatment where
necessary.
In this group there are several commanding officers and some
from the Staff headquarters. These refugees will shortly be furnished
with the necessary documents and a owed to return to their homes.
However, on arrival at their native villages etc. they must again
a ear before the authorities before getting free for good and all.
Sgd. K. E A H N« ' / / JH0/EG/7S
Moscow, 30....Noy ember X933, 192.... # Mo c k b INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR RUSSIAN RELIEF Dear 4taei Johnson, Nansen Mission Office: B. N ikitskaja 43. I) I returned from my visit to Télégraphie address: REPOMER Moskow. Astrachan on the 3?th November and found
MEWAVHAPOflHblPi KOMMTET your letter of the I8th November together with nOM Ol^M r0J10flAKDU4MM MMCCMfl HAHCEHA. the list of refugees received from Mr.
KoHTopa no pacnpeflenemiio nocwnoK Korechkov, the Russian Red Cross Delegate in Ka^aûiHhiR nep., 6. Bulgaria. This list was transmitted as soon as TenerpaiÿHUfl aapec: PEHOMEP Tejie*. J6 84-16. copied to Mr. Karachan. I have also notified
Mr. Karachan that Mr. Krestinsky has con
firmed that the delegates taken from the first contingent of
repatriated men should be allowed to return to Bulgaria to re
port on the arrangements made in regard to reception and settle
ment of the emigrants. I am very grateful for the list ,as with
out some definite indication of the names of the men to be re
ported on, one's position is much weakened. The list would how
ever have been more valuable if it had been signed by the Re
presentative of the Russian ged cross and the pepresentative of
Dr.No.nsen at Varna. F urnished with these signatures, the list
becomes a kind of official pass.
I note that pr.Nansen is again taking up the question of the
repartition of the transport costs. From the conversation I had
with Mr. Karachan I understood that this question had been settled;
the riaffifgae organisations must certainly be asked to pay part at any
rate of this cost.
3) I will now continue my report. You make
no mention in your letter of I8th November ofthe following
letters which I a dressed to Geneva from the South of Russia-^in
connection with repatriation:- (letter to ytx. Johnson cntd.)
Letter dated Roetof 3rd November 11 " nctooer " " NovorossiiskSÔ Qctooerfto de Watteville) " " (to de Watteville)/>'(Pc>Av, " ( " " )/JVcZr I sincerely hope you have received these letters as they ex plain in detail exactly what steps I took in regard to examin
ation of the conditions under which the men are repatriated and settled. In these letters I also enclosed lists showing the names of the man recently repatriated.
My letter of the 3rd November terminated at the moment of my departure on 2nd November from Rostov for Ekaterinodar to examine the condition of the returned Cossacks in the Kuban areas. I found that all the Kalmukej'nad been settled in the Don and Ast^chan districts and not in Kuban. Before leaving Rostov I was handed by the president of the Ispolkom the attached extracts of letters from repatriated men and announcements,all received from the Political Department. These were handed to me for Dr.Nansen^s information. The letters certainly come from men very favourably disposed to the Russian government. I arrived at Krasnodar at 10 a.m. on 4th November and was lodged in the"First House of the Soviet Government". I im mediately got into touch with the Secretary of the jspolkom who stated that few mer. bad passed through the collecting centre in Krasnodar « ^e was however engaged on preparations for the holidays of the 5th, 6th and ?th ■frovemoer in honour of the No vember Revolution and much more anxious that I should be on the platform during the review than thü-t I should spend my time in looking into the condition of returning emigrants. The office personnel had already departed on holiday, so I had to content myself during the day spent in Krasnodar in interviewing pro- — I
- 3- fessors and others with a view to extracting information as to the
conditions under which they had returned. As far as I could gather, the men were free and certainly in no worse condition and probably better than many who had returned to the Don area. The returned men
were in different stanizas some distance from Krasnodar and commu nications were difficult . Life in the uncomfortable and dirty Soviet House during the three or four days holiday was not attract
ive, so that I departed for Novorossiisk the next day, especially as I feared that the ships referred to in your telegrams had cilready
arrived at Novorossiisk. Mr. Geymuiden, former Norwegi r.jVicc _ jia-~Brit British consul at Novorossiisk informed me on arrival that he had
received information from the captain of a British steamer then in the port ,that the next steamer was not due at Novorossiisk until three weeks time. Seeing that^ther.e was no point in re maining at Novorossiisk ,I left on 7th jjpvember for Tzarizin with a view to finding further repatriated men and to continuing my journey to Aatrd-chan where, I had been informed in Rostov, a number of the returned officers were in prison and where a number of Kalmucks had already been sent (see attached list).
The railway from Novorossiisk to Tzarizin passes through the Don area . The land as seen from the train consisted of extensive steppes with little sign of cultivation. The guard of the train informed me that before the war the steppes here were not cultivated but that one used to see from the train large numbers of horses/twX cattle- now very few were apparent. He informed me that in the Salsky Okrut which is some distance from the line and where some repatriated men are now settled, the land is cultivated and the population should be able to oarrylon.
I arrived at Tzarizin on 9th Npvember and spent the day in examining the relief work of the Swiss Red Cross =md of the Americ an Relief Administration. The next day I interviewed the Ispolkom Authorities . They informed me that at a staniza under the Tza rizin administration^Nizhni-Tchar—• there about 50 Coeaaoke
(including a representative of the informer Ataman and some officers) who were living quite well. This staniza. is about 38 versts from the railway and about 150 versts from Tzarizin. The roads were in a very bad state and the American Relief Administration unfortunately had only one car which they were using for kitchen inspection. Even had the car been available, it would have been impossible at that time to proceed on account of the roads. The jspolkom also seemed to have no means of getting into the villages except by rail or horses, though they furnished me with the papers necessary to con duct the examination. I explained my difficulties to the American
Relief Administration representative at Tzarizin,who stated that as they intended shortly to send a delegate to this staniza to examine the condition of some maize which had been sent there ,he would under- 50 take to have enquiries made regarding the condition of these/Cossacks and would let me have a report.
I left Tzarizin for Astrachan at 9 p.m. on loth November by steamer "Ouritzky" . Dr.Handke of the American Relief Administration accompanied me. The steamer proceeded by day only and anchored at night and I could tell you many amusing tales of our experiences on the river,which are however not pertinent to the subject of this letter and must be left till we meet.
We arrived at Astrachan on 13th ^ovemoer at 4.30 and pro ceeded to the headquarters of the Swiss Relief Mission at the
"Medved" Hotel where we were quite comfortably lodged. I received a representative of the Ispolkom in the evening and the following morning the president of the Ispolkom ,Otpushanikoff,placed a car at my disposal. I explained my mission to him at the Government
House and he answered with a long speech ,thanking Dr.Nansen for his action in Astrachan area through the Swiss Mission and ex- pressed a desire to help me in every way possible with the enquiry. - 5-
He informed, me that the only repatriated, man who had returned to Astrachan were Kalmuck Cdseaoke and that as these Co :8aoke
were under the administration of the Tralmuck pepublic, it would be necessary for me to see the President of the nepubli.c^Tohaptchefi/ whom I interviewed the same day and who handed me many publications concerning the past and present condition of the Çalmuoks who, he informed me, before the war were very comfortably off, many of them owning as many as 10.000 horses, besides cattie,sheep,camels,etc * During the European war the horses were used specially for cavalry and artilery as they are strong and can get along with little food. After the war came the civil war .followed by the famine and the horses wese so reduced in number that he estimated that only 10$ of the pre-war number now remained in the ^almuck territory.
It was therefore very difficult for the Kalmucks to exist on the et- steppes . To meet the difficulty, he was engaged in a policy of sett ling the Kalmucks in villages where they could recommence cattle breedig ing and fishing in the Volga and Caspian. He had placed a scheme before the ^entrai government for the improvement of live stock
and the provision of agricultural implements and fishing tackle , but the reply of Moscow was to grant them 75 milliard rbs.which is just sufficient to purchase cmiy 75 teams of oxen. The -oresi- dent's chief anxiety was therefore to solicit Dr Nansen's help with the view to restoring the industries of the y-almucks who are by tradition good breeeders of horses and cattle. As regards the repat* riated Cossacks, he h=d given instructions to îîovorossiiex not to send the yalmuck Cossacks to Astrachan,i.e. the Centre of Govern ment, but to send them direct t their native stanizas in the con area and elsewhere. Kalmuck intellectuals would however be sent to Astrachan,for in view of the great dearth of any but simple peasants
among the Kalmucks ,men of any intelligence would be required for administrative work .The present administration was carried on ■6-
chiefly by Russians who had no knowledge of Kalmuck ^customs or
language. The president of the ^almuok P epublic confirmed the state
ment of the Russian jspolkom in Aatrachan that_none_ of_the_r/almuck_of*_ ficere had been put into prison. He added that a colonel of a Kal
muck regiment Schambenoff who had returned from Constantinople on
the 9th May, now acted as assistant editor to the Kalmuck official
newspaper and is to be appointed secretary to the ^resident of the
Republic. He stated that all the tales circulated that there were
Cossacks in prison were downright lies. I interviewed c°l°nel
Schambenoff on the I5th November. He stated that in Constanti
nople he had served in the I3i st „orse Ïïansport under Major
Dalton .He left Constantinople on the Sth ^ay and on arrival at
Novorissiisk was sent direct to Astrachen. h® stated that the con
ditions of life in the Kalmuck Republic were not good ,but he ad
vised the y-almuck officers to come back to assist the ^epublic to
get on its feet . h© stated that he thought that there were some
3000 Kalmuck Cossacks from the Don ,Stavropol and Ascrachan
areas still remaining in Turkey Yougoslavie etc. He gave his
word that none of the ^almuck officers had been put into prison
c.v.d that none had been taken ir.to the ^ed Army. He is permitted
to visit his home at Bagobourouloff in the Don area ,50 versts
from Torgovaia (Tzarizin goubernia) . The Red Army would not ad
it was much easier to live i n the Don Okrug (in which practically
a,11 the repatriated Kalmucks live) than in the Astrachan district.
He himself had been educated in the Gymnasium at Astrachan and
the expenses paid partly o y the valmuck organisation and partly
by the Tzarist Army School. His family is still living on the Don
steppes. The Kalmucks to whom he belongs hade been in Russia 300
years and were skilled breeders of horses and cattle. The Kalmucks - 7-
come from Tibet and their language was similar to that at
present spoken in Mongolia. and Tibet. He aided that the Ru sian
§ovenami.t had recently sent 100 Kalmuck soldiers to Mongolia
to instruct the Army there.
On the I4th November accompanied by Mankiroff, the ex-pre-
sident of the Kalmuck pepublic, I went by car to Kalmuzxy Bazaar,
a Kalmuck village of 4000 people. I then visited a camp of the Kal
muck refugees ,who were living in a miserable condition in the
usual Kalmuck tents consisting of wooden poles with fleece covers.
The wfeel sole furniture consists of a few boxes and a tripod for
burning peat . These people who had been drawn in from the steppes
were being fed by the Swiss p elief Committee and to give them
better winter quarters the Kalmuck government had built close up
to cthe tents a line of huts or rather dugouts ,each of which would
give habitation to 3 fami 1 ies^assuming that the refugees could be
attracted from their tents to^more permanent constructions.
We were afterwards escorted by a priest to the Buddihist church
of the Kalmucks and explained some of the mysteries of the
Buddhist religion and then visited a Kalmuck school . The
school, in common with the tents and houses, was clean. My whole
impression of this Kalmuck settlement was that these people are at
present living in the greatest destitution ,having been deprived
of their means of livelihood. The Kalmuck authorities have acted
wisely in insisting that the Novorossiisk repatriation authorities
should not send Kalmucks to Astrachan, but direct to their native
stanizas in the Ron area. jt is very difficult in cases like this to advise whether the
Kalmucks shou d be repatriated until conditions are better, out as
they are used to the hard,clife on the steppes ,they would
' perhaps be ha:pier ,howevetons may be,on their native heath I L^sJJ ' than in the Balkan countries. However I Tunnr»* suggest that it would \ - 8-
be desirable to delay the departure of these men until the early
spring ,if this is feasible. 1 ■
I left Astraohan on I6th November ,arrived Tzarizin 22nd “ov.,
left Tzarizine 24th vovem'oer, and a rrived ,,oscow on the evening of
27th November.
3) With regard to your letter of l3th *Tov. 45/ 222 F8 /x
transmitting extract from an article which appeared in "Roul" ,my
letters to you have in some measure answered this report and I can
only add from my own observation and I have had great freedom of action
I in making my enquiries-^that among returned ^enikin and Wrangel
I refuggee officers who had taken a greater or less part in the war,
I hcive no information wni4^ leads me to believe that any have been
shot , although some who have had relations with the Tz“-rist Secret
police have been imprisoned 2 ) that certa nly to my know-
, ledge after a 5 weeks tour in the Cossack areas no returned Cossacks
have be n shot. Although I heard rumours to this effect in Rostof,
I could find no evidence in^t^utti. Immediately» after the civil war-
it is of course probable that very many Cossacks who remained in Rus
sia were shot, but I am confining my replies to returned Cossacks
and to cfche 5 months period concerning, which I have faiily accurate
information,!.e. Tst june t 922 ^ to the present time. 3) That in
dulgence of the Soviet Government is not confined to soldiers,but
that civilians ,priests and officers have be^n treated similarly to
soldiers, ,4) that the younger returned pen kin and Wrangel Cossacks
are not put at once into the Red Army, but recèive a ?spite of 3
months and in any case are subject to the same Army laws as other
Russian citizens , 5) That I have personally seen many returned
Cossacks in their own homes who are not molested in any way and
know w:.th certainty of some hundreds who are at present in their
native st^.nizas wh: ch however tney cannot leave without permission - 9-
6) that j have myself aeen Russians who ho.d returned from Constanti
nople in 1933 and who previously lived in Moeoow, on their way
to that town, 7) that any have disappeared without leaving
any traces is difficult for me to prove in the absence of lists
of all the fta»ee- men who returned, 'out I am quite prepared t
take up and make enquiry concerning any specific case of men who
are stated to have disappeared .
Yours sincerely
T.F.Johnson,
League of nations, (Russian Réfugies)
Geneva* Copie Traduction (VS)
Liste des personnes de 1*Armée Vrangel,arrivées le 15 Juin 1922 de la Turquie a Astrakhan.
1/ Chembenov Lidji,2/Abouchinov Bembé,3/Brenzénov Erendji, 4/Erenzenova P oti, 5/ Zedenov Khouroumohe,6/ Pétinov Menko, 7/ Baisanov L idji, 8/Bar- magnanov Qula9goun,9/ Mantsinov Rodion, 10/ Moukoukénov Moma, II/ Kékéév Aléxis, 12/ Mousriv Moutia, 13/ Madjikov Nicolas, Grigx)riévitch,I4/ Djan- gourov Vladimir,15/ Namrov ïïfim, 16/ Bolzikov Michel Pankratov, 17/ Derbé- nov Stépen(Btienne),18/ Manjiév Zigan,I9/ Sanjiev Pouti,20/ Koukaev Atchour, 21/ Bokhoroikov Aniks, 22/ Zébékov Mouta,23/ Maksimov Yakov( '^ues), 24/ Antakanov Moutchka, 25/ Lavgourov Goundjé, 26/ Bassanov Sandj i ,27/ Kakaev L idji, 28/ Chourganov Saga, 29/ Saranov Ûutchour, 30/ Soudbinov Erenzen, 31/ Bachakourov Sandja, 32/ Bavaldikov Kirsan, 33/ Elévartinov Ivan(Jean) 37/ Balaev Misra, 38/ Kouberlinov Sanja,39/ Bassanov Madmar, 40/ Erenzénov Soultia, 41/ Makoubénov Baskhomdjin, 42/ Tchonossov Bator, 43/ Gasarov Kanouch, 44/ Ziganov Garia, 45/ Tchonkourov Ivan(Jean), 46//Lousanov Ouüur 47/ Yalomtaev Boldir, 48/ Nojaev Boskhomdji, 49/ Sadmanov Lissenko, 5ti/ Vasskin Smpem, 51/ Moutchkaev Bembé, 52/ Bovikov Tchimké, 53/ Adjiev 0holkha,Medjiev,54/ Postaev üourtchi,55/Tpilchinov Jirdné,56/ Gharmandinov David, 57/Bamboutov Moutchka,58/ Postaev Voskhondjin, 59/ Aliadikov Sanjé, 60/ Khamourov Tchaloun,6l/ Barvaev Moutiç., 62/ Otchkaev Okon, 63/ Moutaev Lidjé, 64/ Bonbéev Mondjé,65/ Matvéev Goria,66/ Khaldéev Brdia,67/ Namrov I lia , 68/ Messinov Ermac, 69/ Tchouroumov Saran Arsikovitch,70/ Fédinov Lidjé Irtamanovitch et 71/ Jj’ensidikov Serguei(Serge )
Correcte Le Secrétaire: du G.P.O.(àdministration Centrale Politi que), Pour renseignement. 11 " Octobre 1922. N o..,.
Le Secrétaire. 1
I Nous demeurons en Russie des lf enfanco,ne connaissons aucune aut re langue sauf le Russe.Nous sommes attachés à la Russie et sommes habi tués à nous occuper d?agriculture dans nos "Stanitzis".Nous reconnais sons toutes les lois de la Russie Soviétique et prions de nous inscrire de nouveau comme citoyens Russes. Le 10 Juin 1922. Signé: Sazarinni.Titorenko,Philippe Logov,Ivan Logov,Ivan Sazarinni,et quatre signatures illisibles. Correct ; Le Secrétaire (Signature)
Ayant passa un an et demi à lf étranger et étudié la vie(et les différen partis politiques)nous lfavons involontairement comparée avec la vie politioue de la Russie.Nous n*avons pas cru à tous les bruits qui avaient circulé sur notre Patrie. Ces bruits étaient variés. On par lait du cannibalisme et des éxécutions qui y regnaient,d’un coté,de titmz l’autre on affirmait que la vie continuait à couler comme jadis. On nous disait que la Russie périssait au point de vue économique,que le transport, bref tout était détruit. Nous ne prêtions pas foi à tous ces bruits. On nous parlait de la position vraiment critique de la Russie et de tous les efforts faits pour la sauver. On nous indiquait le parti Communiste comme le seul phare de salut,on parlait de sa volonté de fer et de son désir réél de sauver le peuple de toutes les calamités dont e±±z il est atteint. En me me temps nous lisions les Appels que le Gouvernement des Soviets nous adres sait, On y parlait dfune complète et large Amnistie qui nous serait accordée si nous revenions en Russie et commencions de nouveau notre honnête tra vail pour aider par ces moyens au rétablissement de la vie économique de (ta la Russie. Nous nous nourrisiâons de ces bruits, et appre- nant que le Gouvernement desnSoviets nous avait accordé en réalité 1’ Am nistie .tandis que les généraux des Années Blanches veulent nous entraîner de nouveau dans une guerre civile,contre notre volonté,nous avons décidé de rentrer en Russie et employer tous nos efforts pour accélérer la reconstruc tion de la vie écnomique Russe. Il est important d 1ajouter que le nombre des personnes désirant rentrer est très grand c.à.d.plus de la moitié de ceux qui se trouvent en Bulgarie et en Serbie,mais presque tous manquent de moyens entreprendre la traversée , nécessaires pour raiK&jsxeHstxB et cfest pourquoi nous prions tou$ le monde de propager autant que posssible la question dr l’Amnistie et dfaider eaes nos camarades a obtenir des billets gratis pour revenir en Russie. 1922.Le 16 Juin. Signatures...
Nous nous adressons a vous,officiers et soldats,vous qui n ’avez pas cru à toutes les calomnies répandues parmi les Russes par les journaux étrange gers ,a toutes les répressions auxquelles sont censés être exposés tous c ceux oui reviennent dans la Patrie.Nous sommes partis de Constantinople au nombre de 17 personnes(2 officiers et 15 soldats qui avons servi dans les rangs de ûénikine et Wrangel) le 21 Juin sur le Bateau grec,,Chiosn allant a Novorossisk où nous sommes arrivés le 25 Juin.Après avoir rempli les enquêtes .nous avons été complètement libres.Le lendemain de l’arrivée on nous a fait comparaître au Département Politique pour nous interroger sur notre lieu de résidence.Il ne nous a été adressé de la part du Gouver nement des Soviets à Novorossisk aucun reproche,aucune grossièreté. Après l’interrogatoire il nous a été annoncé qu’aussitôt que les papiers nour le trajet grais seraient prêts nous serions envoyés a nos foyers.A présent n*. nos papiers sont en ordre .Demain nous revenons à la maison et nous trouve vons de notre devoir moral de vous dire a vous autres qui languissez sur le sol étranger,loin de la Patrie et de vos familles: il faut dissiper ce brouillard opaque dû aux mensonges de ces gens qui ne poursuivent que ig*x leurs fins égoistes.Ils savent q&’en vous perdant ils perdent l’écran dont ils se couvraient aux yeux de 1’ s de l'Europe qu1ils assuraient des sentiments irréconciliables des émigrés 7 ' Bses,Ils perdent mxxmmx en même temps leur prestige et leur prospéri té matérielle.Ne leur prêtez aucune foi,rentrez hardiment en Russie ou les années de guerre intestine sont couvertes du voile de l foubli. La Patrie réclame ses fils et le devoir moral de chacun de nous est de mettre fin à ce séjour animal a 1*étranger et d’aider notre Mere-Patrie a reprendre fermement pied et à relever fièrement la tête aux yeux de l funi vers entier. 17 Signatures Conforme a 1*original......
Âpp e 1. Juillet ----- Le 29 abrix 1922. A tous les officiers et soldats des Èx (ex) Armées Blanches de Déniki- ne et Wrangel«
Nous soussignés de la part de 850 personnes,officiers.prêtres,cosaques et soldats revenus au mois de Ju illet de l 1année courante dans leur patrie,ni nous faisons appel à vous et nous vous adressons un conseil fraternel.Comme vous nous avons longtemps langii loin du sol natal,comme vous nous avons été partout poursuivis et exploités,comme vous nous avons été trompeusement lan cés contre nos propres frères travaillant a la sueur de leur front,contre notre Pouvoir populaire.contre nous-mêmes.Nous savons combien vous soupirez après vos familles,votre paisible Don,votre impétueux Térek,les vastes step pes de la Mere-Patrie et nous vous disons en toute sincérité : le temps est ik venu de ren trer,l ’heure a sonné.Ne croyez pas aux calêmmies de ceux oui con tinuent avous retenir , souvenez-vous que la Patrie vous attend non pas avide de vengeance mais vous offrant un pardon compàét.Pas un cheveu de nos têtes n1a été touché,pas un fil nfa été pris,pas une parole de reproche,pas une ombre d*animosité,rien qu*accueil fraternel.sincère et chaud. Le Pouvàâr ^eaà Soviétique ne repousse personne,il ouvre largement les portes à tous les fils de la patrie,qui viennent avec le désir sincère de prendre part au travail 4 de relèvement de l 1économie rurale du peuple détruite .Songez-y bien e et décidezwVoyez ceux que vous avez suivis.Est-ce la Patrie qu1il leur faut ?- Non,mille fois non.Ils vous ont vendus ,ils ont vendu laîflo tte ils vendront la Russieentière.Ils ne veulent que le pouvior et avec lui la terre,le s richesses,les privilèges.Ils ne peuvent pas voir de sang froid que ces anciens exclaves de paysans et cosaques les ont chassés de leurs doux nids,se sont emparés du pouvoir et sont devenus de libres citoyens et les maîtres de la terre due a leur travail.Les propriétai* res et les généraux n1ont pas abandonné la pensée de monter une nouvel le aventure,de vous conduire de nouveau contre la Russie des Soviets, afin de rédevenir maîtres du terrain et de jouir à nouveau sans bouger du doigt de tous les biens de la terre.Le temps est venu de dire brave ment* "A bas les mains traîtres.notre voie est autre, - c1 est la voie qui mène à nos familles, au travail pacifique.ïenez donc kaxinmdk* har diment ,1e coeur ouvert,impatients de vous fondre avec la famille des ouvriers et paysans et dfapporter votre obole au travail de reconstruc tion de la Russie,"
De la part du groupe des p re tre s...
43 signatures.
Le 23 Août 1922 nous sommes arrivés sur le te rrito ire de la RSFSR à bord du bâteau a vapeur "Marie" au nombre de 200 personnes. Dès le premier jour tout sentiment de crainte et de panique a été dissipé par l ’attitude pleine d1humanité des autorités Soviétiques de Novorossisk et durant tout notre séjour dans cette ville nous avons admiré la façon idéale dont nous avons été traités par les autorités. Lorsqu’on a passé en revue nos effets on ne nous a pas enlevé un f il. Russes,nous faisons appel a vous. Cessez d’être les victimes dti d*infâmes aventuristes.Abandonnez une fois pour toutes,cette vermine q q 'i tâche de nouveau d*assujettir le grand peuple Russe.Vous avez assez re présenté la une seconde Russie.La vraie Russie est ICI,c»est ici qufune nou velle vie,riche en promesses de bonheur,reprend a une allure a c c é lé ré e .Cette Russie vous attend les bras ouverts. Vos camarades rentrés avant nous sont depuis longtemps chez eux,occu pés a reconstruire lféconomie rurale détruite par la faute des Blancs. Camarades,vu que tous nos crimes du fait des propriétaires et généraux sont amÉistiés,vu que les autorités Soviétiques viennent a notre rencontre av avec tant d*humanité,nous faisons appel à vous une fois de plus.Amassez de ïk 1*argent,achetez tout ce que vous serez en état d facheter et rentrez a la mai son.Vos familles vous attendent avec impatience, V.Soutchkov,ex-employé du temps de guerre,Arsène Evdokimov,St.Ivanov, M.Ivanov.
Conforme a l ’original etc.... ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
A LA REDACTION DE LA GAZETTE"TERRITüiïïE ROUGE DU BORD DE LA MER NüURE". Veuillez imprimer dans votre journal ce qui suit: Nous,travailleurs et Combattants pour la Grande Idée du Triomphe de 1*IdSal du Prolétatiat,nous apportons notre profonde reconnaissance aux Re présentants des Autorités Soviétiques de la ville de Novorossisk,premiere vil le sur notre chemin de retour dans nos foyers.Nous continuons notre route en gravant dans notre mémoire le travail plein d1abnégation des camarades servant au Département Politique de 1*Arrondissement de la Mer Noire.et autres insti tutions oui nous ont été d*un grand soutien matériel et moral durant notre sé jour à Novorossisk.Nous brûlons du désir sincère d*apporter autant que cela est en notre pouvoir notre aide a la cause commune et d fexpier par la nos crimes volontaires et involontaires envers les Travailleurs de la République.Encore u une fois d1ardents remerciements à vous,chers camarades qui êtes sortis avec h honneur de cette sanglante lutte inégale et qui apportez des renforts a la eau- 6 du relèvement de l ’économie de la Russie Bouge Soviétique,détruite durant 5 ans.Du groupe k1initiative des ex-militaires qui ont servi dans les Ar mées Blanches et oui soht rentrés en RSFSR sur le Vapeur "Vama"l,'Panaiotis" "06raiolie,,V'Dmitri” et "Santi",
Conforme a 1*original
Le Secrétaire et Le Chef du Département de l ’ Information Politique.
Le 28 Août 1922, Novorossisk. Lettre à la Rédaction. Citoyen Rédacteur.permettez aux soussignés ex-fugitifs Russes de se servir de l'entremise de votre journal pour dire un cordial "MERCI" russe aux Autorités Soviétiques de Hovorossisk pour leur attitude pleine de sym pathie et d'humanité envers nous et nos besoins.l'aimable accueil qui nous a été fait a gord du bateau à vapeur,les soins dont nous avonsété l'o b jet jusqu'au iour oû2nous avoris été expédiés à nos foyers,l'hospitalité,la nour riture ,les rapports parfaitement corrects envers nous,considérés quelle que soit la façon de l'envisager comme des adversaires politiques .nous for cent au moyen de la présente lettre à laver le Pouvoir Soviétique Russe de toute l'infamie que déversent sur lui les organisations blanches Russes de l'étranger sous l'empire de la crainte,que ces lignes sont écrites sans l'ombre d'une pression.nullement dictées,ou dictées uniquement par notre c conscience.Nous supposons que bientôt tout ce qui est exposé ici sera coni firmé par les le ttre s privées qu'attendent si impatiemment nos connaissan- ces à 1*étranger, 29 signatures. Conforme à 1*original e tc ....
A P P jj L Du groupe de Kalmyks rentrés de 1’étranger dans la Patrie,
Nous,Kalmyks.revenus de 1*étranger dans notre Patrie portons a la connaissance générale que nous avonsété accueillis par les autorités So viétiques au dessus de toute attente et louange,et hhürx que nous rentrons sans nul obstacle chacun chez soi aux frais du Gouvernement,ce dont nous apportons notre sinàere recpeaaissance au Pouvoir Soviétique,que nous som mes prêts a défendre contre toute attaque et,s1il le faut,aux dépens de notre vie.Tous les bruits circulant à l1étranger etprésentant sousle plus nauvais jour le Pouvoir Soviétique et la population iiussexxxa sesont trou vés comme nous nous en sommes convaincus personnellement parfaitement faux-y - une pure invention de nos ex-fainéants a épaulette blanche(officiers)et de tous ceux qui leur sympathisent a 1'étranger.L*apparence de la population iz de la Russie a Novorossisk,lfeffervescence de vie qui y règne tant sous le rapport des marchandises que sous celui de toutes les denrées alimentaires qu1on y trouve sans en exclure le pain et la viande réjouit l’oeil et prouve que 1*autorité Soviétique est en pleine voie de renaissance sur toute la iix ligne oNous autres Kalmyks,n 1avons essuyé de la part des autorités et de la population aucune injure ni offense,rien que pitié et sympathie. Nous conseillons a nos confrères restés a l ’étranger de rentrer sans aucunex rusque dans leur Patrie,sans se laisser influencer par les fausses m menées des épaulettes blanches et autres lâches personnages du même genre,et d*aider par là me,e 1*autorité véritablement populaire des Soviets au rel# vement de la Patrie dans tous les sens. Vive la Russie Soviétique. Les Kalmyks: Il signatures. Le même APPEL avec les signatures Mxrandcu : Tzirine,Béjébinov Samtonov,otchelkhanov,Koutourlinov,Gadegounov,ilagaline Effrémov,Tzarikov,Tonougoukov* 8 X, U T T R g S
des m ilitaire s des ex-innées Blanches de Dénikine et Tîrangel re venus dans leur Patrie,adressoe à leurs connaissances de l'étranger.
X) Adresse:Turquie,Oo-.stantinople,caKip Hoslak,aqSangé Kouberlinov pour r remettre à Akhtar-Abouchinov. Novorossisk,le 14 Août 1922. Cher camarade Akhtar-Abouchinov,en premier lie u je m'empresse de
t o u s annoncer que je t u e suis tout à fait bien portant ce que je t o u s souhaite aussi,Sois sincèrement salué par ton fidèle camarade et tmsmex transmets mes saluts aux camarades SangtS Kouberlinov,Sangé IllumginoT.
etc.etc. et tous les autres Stanitohniks.ïïn fait de nouvelles je t o u s «a mande due le PouTOir Soviétique nous a trè s bien a c c u e illis ,ic i ,à quoi nous ne nous attendions guère,et je vous prie camarades,arrivez bien vi te a la maison.Il y a eu des perauisitions.inais on n'a pas touché à un s seul fil.Nous avons quitté le Bosphore le 3 Août a II h.du matin et som mes arrivés à Novorossisk le 6 du même mois à 4 h.du soir.On nous a dé barqués Novorossisk le 7 du mois et dès le lendemain nous avons été por tés sur la liste de 1'alimentation.Avant nous il est arrivé mille person nes de Bulgarie et de Serbie,on les expédie au fur et à mesure, de sorte que notre tour viendra à peu près vers le 23 ou peut être plus tôt. l'in te rro g a to ire comprend 23 points à p a r tir de l'année 1914 du service a actif.Camarade "ouginov.Akhtar,je sais assez bien ce que tu possèdes en fait de vetements.ne vends rien, au contraire achète autant que tu pourra, de costumes complets c iv ils ,et de même d 'h ab its m ilita ire s .Camarade r ia c h AbouchinoT,je te prie de transm ettre mes respects a Samane BadinoT et dis lui aussi qu'il attende une lettre de moi .Aussitôt rentré dans la patrie et débarqué expédie-moi immédiatement un télégramme. ïm ie o ts x iix tic ra i MimtExiizhEctx^ix ..,??Incompréhensible d'abord je prends des bains ensuite je me fais 2 fois Tacciner cofatre les maladies contagieuses. Tout ce qui a été d it en Turquie sur la iiussie comme quoi i l y fe ra it x tellement mauvais ,aucontraire i l y a suffisamment de tout en Russie et me meme bien meilleur marché qufa Constantinople.Nous sept avons dépensé e
en tout 30 piastres dans une journée.L k ü x La dessus au revoir,dher cama rade, ÿis je sers ta main droite et me dis avec respct Nimia Wassiliev.
Bulgarie Sophia Village Kniajevo .Moulin a cylindre,Au frère Schich- kov pour Etienne Bolyrev. 12 Août 1922. Salut,chers freres,nous vous annonçons que nous sommes sains et saufs,à Novorossisk,Le local est p e tit pour 300vpersonnes et nous sommes plus de mille.Nous ne trouvons pas tous a nous liger et beaucoup sont xé restés dans la rue sous la haie .On expédie a la maison très lentement,; i l nous faudra bien passer un mois a Novorossisk.Nous sommes arrivés le 30 Juillet,nous vivons sans aucune surveillance chacun va ou il veut. Jfai été travailler,j*ai battu du blé,un million par jour,nourri par le maître; la nourriture est bonne comme autrefois à la maison,la récolte est bonne également.Il n*y a pas à s*étonner de la cherté de la vie ÿxx tant pour vendre que pour acheter,1a vie commence à s*arranger très fcr» bien.Deux fois on nous a mandés,on a désinfecté tous stcra» nos vetements on nous a fait répondre a des enquetes,on prétend qu*il y en aura enco#o re,les interrogatoires nTauront lieu ouf après l 1arrivée à la maison.Bea Beaucoup des nôtres sont partis:les stanitchniks Rojkov et les frères Danilov et Victor sont partis le 3 Août.Les nôtres savent déjà qui nous rentrons a la maison.On peut rentrer librem ent,il nTy a rien a craindre. Les autorités comme la population sont très bien disposés.Crachez a la face aux monarchistes qui mentent et écrivent tout le contraire dans les fx journaux .Le journal de Gilorybov é c rit la vérité sur le Pouvoir boviétique .Aucune cruauté ni punition,vis a vis de nous autres .Le ser vice obligatoire dans l 1 armée pour 1*année 1922 est pour ceux qui sont nés en 1901.La vie en Russie nous p la ît a tous,nous ne savons pas esocm comment elle sera'à la maison,mais selon toute apparence e lle sera ad mirable.Le droit de menue propriété est reconnu et que nous faut-il de % plus a nous autres agriculteurs? XX Aussitôt arrivés a la maison nous vo vous écrirons sur notre vie,Amassez de l fargent pour le voyage et-en rou te rentrez au bercail. Le tra je t de Novorossisk au Don est gratis.M ais je vous conseille rai de ne pas apporter d*argent en Russie.achetez plutôt toutes eipeces de bagatelles,c*est plus avantageux.Nous avons trouvé ic i beaucoup de gens du Don,ils prétendent tous que tout y est meilleur marché qu’à Novorossisk Je te salue de coeur Stopa,salut à Gabriel Ivanovitch,a tous nos cosaques restés avec vous.Salut également a tous,qu*ils soient du parti ou en iskar dehors de tout parti,Ne craighez pas la question des parti?,rentrez har diment . Je me dis votre affectionné Potap Sévastianovithc Boldyrev.Ceux qui sont venus avec nous sont pleins de vigueur.Chers Stepa et Gavrioucha et tous les stanitchniks,salut cordial à tous.Michel Nikolaievitch Borissov Transmettez mes saluts à tous. Coaforme e tc ...
■+++++++++++++
Septembre 1922, Novorossisk. Lettre a la Rédaction . Citoyen Rédacteur, Meme le ttr e qu*à la page 6. SigM±zxM Les signatures sont différentes. 2
à la circulation des citoyens Russes rentrés en Russie sur la foi de 1*Amnistie du 3 Novembre I9J3I et des décrets a±tix± ultérieurs. Le Représentant Plénipotentiaire du Dr.Nansen, Com missaire en Chef pour Affaires des Réfugiés Russes, - le c citoyen John GÛRV1N (Moscou Mission Nansen,G-de Nikitskaya No.43) aimerait recevoir de temps en temps des nouvelles des cosaques et autres citoyens lxusses rapatriés par Novo# rossisk sur leur vie personnelle et les conditions économi ques et sanitaires de leur lieu de résidence.Toute correspon dance politique est interdite
Signé : Kogan Signé: GOHVIN Chef du Dép.Politique Représentant Pléni- de 1*arrondissement de la potentiaire de la Mer Noire. Mission Bansen.
Au Représentant da la Mission du Docteur Nansen Monsieur John Gorvin. . ,, Au Représentant Plénipotentiatte Asteakhan de la Commission du Dr. Nansen
Le 9 Mai 1922 j'ai quitté Constantinople sur le bateau de la Com pagnie Urecque "ALûû" pour me rendre en Russie avec un groupe de 70 Kalmyks. Nous avons été reçus par le Représentant P lé n ip o ten tiaire du 3.P.OU. (Admi nistration Centrale Politique,anciennement nomi.é V.Tchéka) qui nous a fait répondre a une enquete et nous a expédies - nous autres Kalmyks au Comité Central Exécutif de la Région autonome Kalmyque,où nous sommes arriv és le 3 Juin 1922.Sur un ordre du Corn.Centr.fixée, du 4 Juin tous le s nouveaux a r r i vés se soijt dispersés pour rentrer dans leurs foyers,excepté moi,qui ai été retenu à la dospositioh du C.C.B. où je travaille encore à l’heure qu'il est. Personne des nouveaux arrivés n'a été ni n'est mex poursuivi.Quant a moi je suis en ma qualité d'officier blanc spécialement annoté au G.P.OU. sans l'au torisation duquel je n'ai pas le droit de quitter la ville. fin génoral tous ceux qui reviennent de l'étranger sont très contents d'etre de retour,moi aussi,la seule chose qui laisse un peu à désirer sont les conditions matérielles.Ce qui n'est pas bien non plus c'est d'être annoté
Si°TiI-ne ^°Uir d' auoune confianoe.ee oui fait qu'on ne se sent pas a l'aise, SCHEMBENÛV le 15 /XI 1922.
Astrakhan,Staro-Kouznetchnaya,2ème arrondissement,No.55,logement Schembenov.
Communiqué aux citoyens Russes (partisans de Wrangel ) ren tran t en Russie par Novorossisko
D'après l'accord conclu conclu à Berlin au mois de Juillet 19;g entre le camarade KRBST1NSKY,Représentant P lé n ip o ten tiaire du Gouver nement Russe et le Docteur F r itjo f NANSÏN,Commissaire en Chef pour Affaires des Réfugiés Russes - sa Mission jouit du droit de veiller aux conditions d'existence,au traitement auquel ils sont soumis et à RSFSR „ . . . . (i-'eity ixecu tii Conseil des §?putés DU PEUPLE KALMÏK MANDAT 13/U ,1922. No..4328. Par la présente le Membre de la Mission du Docteur Nansenj’cFtoy en John GOBVIN est autorisé a pxadHix* in jurai les citoyens de la région Kalmyque revenus de l 1 étranger des armées de ïïrangel afin d1éclaircir leur genre de vie et les conditions de leur retour,ce qui est confirmé par la signature et le sceau aposés.
Basé sur le Mandat du Commissariat du Peuple pour les Affaires Etrangères du 6/X I922.6âîi6b: Wo.6020,
Signatures: Le Président du YZ1K Le Secrétaire. WITH rttC tOMPLIMEiro OP N I JOMM GOIW, Ito s iiw r elief Dtctunvb Moscow copy- cl£ X ***~ *' ! >TA
No.587. sii sk'1 le-#*T(§cembre » P IE1952. /
/ (■ Monsieur John GORVIN,
Représentant de 1 Action Nansen,Moscou.
t X Cher Monsieur,
Suivant votre aimable désir j'ai remis ,avec 1- lettre dont copie
ci-joint, les listes des 500 émigrants qui doivant arriver de Varna
Le Narkominodel m'a co.i.:iuniq4é qu” il a déjà reçu de Moscou des
î"ordres au sujet de ce transport et qu ' il sera délivré a Io psr-
sonnes parmi eux, après ' qu* ils a. uront fini I e inspection, des visas
de retour en Bulgarie. ______SgnëÀBrudererj______Copy,
Novorossiisk, Sth December I9S&. No.575.
Mr. SERGIEVSKY, Head of linpunkt N o .57. Noeorossiistt.
In accordance with Mr.Gorvin's desi e , I attach herewith a list
of 500 people who are to arrive wi on tne first transport from Varna.
As per Mr. Gorvin's letter to Mr. Karaohan, a delegation will
return to Bulgaria in ordér to report on the reception and settle
ment of the emigrants.
Yours truly
Sgd. A. Bruderer.
N JH0/E0/I87 Moscow j -, /sjciUi.C.ex...... 1 9 2 .3 .. + MocKea, INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE y FOR RUSSIAN RELIEF My dear Johnson, A Nansen Mission Many thankt^rftfr your letter of 38th November. Office: B. Nlkltekaja 43a Telegramm adrees: REPOMER I am glad that my reporta on the question of the
M EH W H A PO A H blfi KOMMTET repatriated refugees h&ve been found interest nOMOLUM rO /l 0AAKDU4MM. ing and useful. You will see from the attached MMCCMfl HAHCEHA. r/lABHOE B IO P O KOMHTETA copy of letter of I6th November from Mr. Hahn, Bonbiuan HMKMTCKan 43a Nansen Representative ir Odessa, that 300 Wrar.^sl soldiers arrived in November in Odessa from Var na. I have written to Hahn asking him to make
detailed enquiries into and report on the circumstances w & fô r which these men were received and sent to their homes,which I hope to be able to transmit tc you shortly. It is surprising that the Russian Government , after having stated that they wished all uhe refugees to return via Novorossiisk, should now encourage their repatriation via Odessa, but, in the absence of the lists, I can only assume these are men whose homes are in the South Ukraine. I should be glad if you would ask the Nansen representative in Yarn» to inform me whether we may expect to receive a list of the men landed at Odessa by the "ALLA" and to arrange in future when refugees are ex pected Odessa, tc send a telegram either direct to me in Moscow or direct tc HAHN REPOMER ODESSA ,mailing a copy to me. You quite rightly in your letter of 28th November refer to the
question of the Russian Government's willingness to receive larger numbers of refugees at a time when difficult food conditions are an& ticipated in parts of the Don area during the coming Spring .
The Russian officials have tola me that one reason is that the men will be useful for agricultural reconstruction and that the danger from starvation in the Spring is to a great extent offset by (letter to Mr. Johnson ctnd.i
the fact that this relatively small number of men will be scattered
over the wide Don and Kuban areas and that many of then nave fami
lies who are certainly in a positionna feed them.
This from my own observation I consider a quite reasonable view.
It will be a minority of the men who will probably encounter grave
difficulties.
As I pointed out in one of my letters to you, the condition under
which the repatriated men will live during the coming spring is largely governed oy the individual circumstancea of the families of
the men repatriated, and as many of the men should now be able to
receive letters from their families and will now have the opportunity
of talking to the returning delegates from their own numbers, they
should be sufficiently informed as to the possibility of their
carrying on reasonably well during the coming spring. It should be
"oorne in mind that Cossacks are used to a hard life and prefer life
in the South of Russia to life abroad,that many of them are anxious
to assist by their own labours tneir families in Russia to tide over
the difficult period following the 1921 famine. But I should be the
last person to su:- est that any guarantees can oe given to the
refugees that they will not in some instances enaure great privations
The decision is one for the men themselves and the League should,!
su$g.est, not as empt to induce men to return to Russia until the
relief organisations in Russia have officially reported that the areas
to which these men return are quite free from famine conditions or
in other words,that these Cossack areas which normally are largely
producing areas, ha.ve owing to the breakdown of Russia's econo uic
system, not been so overtaxed as to make it impossible for the resid
ent -population to live rea.sonc.bly well.
The position at this moment in the Don and Kuban regions is (letter to Mr Johnson otnd.)
^ certainly infinitely better than it was at this time l^st year ana pro
vided the peasants can,with freer economic conditions see tnat it is worth
their while to sow a larger area than the previous year (that they ace
given sorte security as regards taxation and have the possibility of
changing their products for the articles they require) there seems no CU reason why should not even be encouraged to return during the ïate
spring and summer 1923. Any changes in the economic outlook I shall immediately report to you.
It may be argued that the main reasons which prompt the Russian
Government to secure the return of the Cossacks ^re that the Government
will thereby break up the remnants of the Russian military organisations
ôor-oad and will also secure recruits for the army in Russia. As regards
the latter I do not at caeh great importance to it.The Russian Govern
ment is desperately short of funds. A disarmaments conference, now
termed a limitation of armaments conference's at preseat ceing neld in
-‘..oscow at the Mi roach House. I urn sold by the foreign .. ress represent
atives that the Russian delego.ces seem genuinely to oe striving hard for an all round limitation.
The revuri.ed Cossacks of military age are not drafted into the army
(total strength estimated at 800.000 men) until they h»ve been home for
three months, when they are subject to the same laws as other Russian
citizens. Furthermore as far as the returned officers.. are concerned
there appears to be evidence of a definite dislike to employing them.
Yours very truly, [/fib- (J J.H.C-om'IN. T.F.Johnson,Esq.
League of Nations(Russi&n Rexug.'=-s{ 'H o sts' i
uT,/f- 1/4 r ' ^rutman I» r
Counoellor to Lh* lue si an j.mbac.
*utei* -.Urn -incon 7 • -- - 1 i. n __
S ir,
"ith r > Tfno: to Lion of th.- c.v- m e te n t . : the repatriation of f3».ïî» eoSîmâ 1%l.!r%Lil2’tet '' overment
1). Thu Soviet ,-n .Rt «nnartil v, : , : tlVi , U1
■ i t . i l y . i io ,11 .-Vi-I:--! v ^ trio i < > tts-’.,.. •*, . . u.'-ii».., in con.i-motiwit* thsi ' -, ■ . 1 ■ ■ ; v - . i V -r
to ttt! "e0sr,be'' Vr" UllIT
" ■
. .. blie ;
nn2h r,;\ ‘ Pare.it of«‘.«U number, «Heted by tUe refiv-,. 3 t - 'a « lo e , to ratura
to the to the countries frcn which they have 'o■■ n rjpo tr* rated co inform their compatriote regarding the reception d'vriia.i->B.titttb V v - .. 1 Lviutu^ r v fv • •*u ■■1 ’•
. repatriated under that arranger-sent. Such - v>_ be natives of the ‘ on, . V-. u.'. T- *’ -ro v vr- mly nad rauat declare that the;.' return to itn.-sia of tiy; l* ... fr- £ trietion until they hovu T. un formally pe-- both a
Delegate. Any refugee there! re thetd tor-.uc.liti-:.- . . s u ii.1.'!,/ t hi- - i -'i .. . takes triation f jl. t .to., ,.... V dr v.vviviti - lv- :iv 3~ l.v to re : :j vl'i'.M. 1 ■ , • >vk. 6 ). . ' ; o l:i re a VA;:; t none of the . . v.io'.;: o • . j.-i1 Qfl in : a. i ic ; designed t in te r f e r e -vith t.-:. •. v . >sn*en tv-.: . a u . ion :efu- . a■;c .
four a t’e it ■> fully yifc-tuiits to the t'.iph Uo--v -i « a loner for ituadien 3efugaea. Odessa, 25th December 1922 /% l ar Sir, On Friday 23th I arrived in Odessa and the next day I went to the Narcomindel with Mr. Otahn. The Chief Mr. Kasuro was absent and will return only in about a week, his representative thought him self not not in the position to give me the certificate and I there fore decided to take the fir s t train to Charkoff, as besides no news have in about the arrival of the ship in Novorossiisk. The evacuation organisation in Odessa is going to be liqui- s dated, therefore if the quantity of Wrangel people coming through Ode ssa should be considerable the li quidqti on of this organisation ought tobe postponed. Also for future arrangements it would be nesessary to know the approximate number of cosaks to be r eoatr i ated via Odes sa. I f I do not get any news in Charkoff about the arrival of 1000 people in Novorossiisk I shall go back to Odessa. Yours truly (signed) Simonette To Ur. J. (iorvin Assistant high Commissioner Moscow IS2Z REPRÉSENTATION D E LR CROIX ROUGE RUSSE EN BULGARIE < 5/à.3-a, Z«r/ o m si su r u n n. 1 M onsieur, J'ai l'honneur de Vous envoyer ci-inclus la liste du troisième groupe des rapatriants russes en Bulgarie (250 personnes). RSPRSS BUTANT de l a Croix Rouge Russe en B ulgari' AMHSXS:i l i s t e Ü5G personnes. OBSF de Bureau S ofia le a^aeoemHer ®g« REPRÉSENTATION D E LA CROIX ROUGE RUSSE EN BULGARIE ^ 3"îze/A 'ul7Z8' fô / M0NSI30R DS WATSV1LS -Assistant to the High Commissioner for refugees. 7 _ 8 g M S 7 S (. 3 u is s e > SiT’ vWv' Yesterday M riO ollins, Dr> Nana an'a delegate in Bulgaria, transmeeted me Your le tte r of the I9th , of daoi 1922 and V1 ■ 1 nas vary surprised from ita oontana, then DriNansan knov,s that I appear aa the Authorised of the Russian Bed Gross's 8ooiety£ind in this my quality^ I work in the lim its of our s t a t u t e s and my p r o c u r a t io n s * lib at -belo ngs th e " s h i p p in g a r r ingem ent " , I may oomr- munio^te You the follow ing: DriNansen, through M rtO ollina, requested me to adress myself to the Bulgarim Govemeaent to the eff eot,that the last should supples a to at, *hat 1 h a v e d o n e . In the absenea of Ur»Oollins I have received a telegram ^ I dated 7 th* daoemt er 1928, from Dr* Mansen; with »hioh he re- I 11l9sta4 me to Jrooeed immedi atly to the repatriation f adding that to the 10 shillings par head^e joins other h u n - dred levas per head* I Sofia /e gr* dec-ember.. ^ 2 g I* REPRÉSENTATION D E LA CROIX ROUGE RUSSE EN BULGARIE If You have not yet taken notice of its contens^ You oan f in d the oopy of i t in Your o ffice* Your remark to me is not explicable^ as it is in con— tradiotionwith the text of this despatch 4 What oonoerns Your assertion# that my work exeeds the lim i ts of th e Red Gross s t a t u t e 'S; I may beg Youjto in d i cate oonoreet facts , whithout showing the "various -au thoritative quarters1’. I consider it as my duty to remark that I esteem too high DriHansefo ^and 1 am very sorry that he is embarrassed by different uncontrolled communications having no connecti on with the work* 1 allow me to annex here a oopy of my mandate to Your indication. 1 will/very glad to read fas soon as possible f Your answer about the touched questions. This expecting 1 am# S ir Yours faithfully S O in SI' i H '03 3 -i B î 1A. OH. IX Rouas (JO. .a f i 0 >iirE-kL c’ "iUTj UN jnllivO iR5 «,7 itov juiüre x ,; X ti ]) .1 I La p^taar da ce mond t ür. 1.3. itoroakkofï aat noiamé p r Société T.USBÜ a-3 !.. flroix Hou go son Bapréa autant Plénipoten tiaire ou Èulg rio. IX aat chargé d'agir d'apr^a las pleine- p oiâVvii's qui l u i out é t *5 dounü pur 1 s COdj.tê Sentral et <3.6 ra-aplir t onto a les fonctions imposées à la Croix "Rouge Russe p r son s t at u t. monsieur Koreshkoff est autorisé d'entrer en relations avoo las organia'-ti ons oo inp étuntao goure rnament aies. publiques at privées au Bulgaria p r rapport à la quaati on du rapatria ie n t das ai toy ans russes dfna lu République. S o o ialiste Fédéra- tive des Soviets Russes, La Comiti deutral\ dreasa la p rie ra » l a Oroix House Bul gare, inai qu'à t-.utaa las inatitutions (louvememontalee et fuüllpaa lis wuloir prétor Ida at ooneours à tir. ICoreatkoîf d na 1 'aooompllaaament da la miaaion qui lui a été oonUiaa. I résidant du Comité OoutrO. . u / 5 Rue Shenov h JW/CONF/IO 30 th December, 1922. M.De Wattaville Assistant High Com m i s -ioner ^fîT League of Nations Geneva. Confidential. Dear de Watteville, Thir. afternoon Mr.Nicolaeff whom I think you met at Geneva came to see me and after humning and hawing for some time told me that he had come to tell me that the Mission of M.Koreshkoff had written to Dr. Nansen this week complaining about me to him. M.Nicolaeff did not inform me of the exact nature of the complaints but I gather that it concerns repatriation. The matter is quite understandable as the attack has obviously been made on receipt of your letter of H j j I9th December. Personally I attach no importance to the , / matter but I just thought I would drop you a line about it. With kind regards Yours truly Representative of the League of Nations for Russian Refugees in Bulgaria. LEAGUE OF NATIONS HIGH COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES r / 5 Rue Shenova J 7? / C 0 N F /II 2nd January,1923. The High Commis:-ioner for Russian Refugees*. League of Nations Geneva. Confidential. Dear Sir, Since writing my letter Ho. 10 of 30th December to de Watteville I have received a visit from M.Nioolaeff, the brother of the one who came to see me on December 30th, Thin M. Nicolaeff has been working for M. Koreshkoff since the latter arrived in Bulgaria and when M.Kor. sh .off came t.i seo me this M.Nioolaeff always accompanied him in the capacity of interpreter. What he came to tell me was this : It appears he war. able to see a part of the report concer ning myself which M.Koreshkoff made to Geneva. When M.Ko- reshkoff found out thqt M.Nioolaeff had seen this report he was very angry and a day ot two afterwards told him that he had no further need of his services. M.Nioolaeff states that M.Koreshkoff and his assistance are actively engaged in Bolshevik propaganda. He further states that many of the statements contained in his report to Geneva are totally misleading and ilmcorrect, offering himself to act as witness to prove this statement. I wired you this afternoon as follows : -V I "Important confidential letter regarding Kor. r;hkoff s mt you today stop meanwhile if you recently received report from - ' LEAGUE OF NATIONS HIGH COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES Telegrams : COLEMSO SOFIA 5 Rue Shenova latter mould like copy W)04 Colonso" Although of course I do not definitely know whether any report was actually sjnt by M.Koreshkoff, I presume that there is such a report. I leave it to you to deal with the matter because I do not in any way-desire to come into any direct conflict with M.Koreshkoff. As you know I have never made any specific complaint against him having on the contrary tried to work on good terms with him. He has at present gone to Varna to superintend repatriation and I shall of course not mention the matter to him until hearing from you. I have the honour to be, Sir, Your obedient servant r- Representative of the League of Nations for Russian Refugees in Bulgaria. SOCIÉTÉ RUSSE DE LA CROIX ROUGE 4 » ! ^ (ANCIENNE ORGANISATION) auprès^- ’ m WE*WT»r Gen&vo, le 5 janvier 19E3. so. ...QQA5.. 3, Place du Cirque, GENÈVE Monsieur de WatteVille, Haut-Commissaire Adjoint pour les.Réfugiés Russes, < Ife- GENEVE. Cher Monsieur, ïaisant suite à notre entretien du 4 janvier courant j*ai 1*honneur de vous transmettre les traductions des documents suivants: 1) traduction du formulaire de l’enquete entreprise par la"Croix-Rouge des Soviéts" au sujet des candidats au rapatrie ment (of. ma lettre du 20 décembre 1922 sub Ko. 1781), 2) traduction de la lettre de M. K0RECHK0FF publiée dans les journaux bulgares en date du novembre 1922. Je profite de cette occasion pour vous informer que je reçois des nombreuses lettres des réfugiés russes. Mes compatri otes se référant aux documents précités me prient de leur communi quer les textes précis, lo, de l,Arrâté du C.E.G.P. du 3 novembre 1921 sur l 1 amnistie, Bo, (|e 1 *accord conclu entre M. TGHITCHERIIŒ et le Dr. NAMSENpour le repatriement des réfugiés, actes qui règlent 'le sort des milliers de réfigés et dont ils n*ont pas connaissance. ~IFmr6rè part les déclarations de M. K0RECHK0ZF (cf. * 3 de sa lettre) qui se donne pour représentant du Dr. NAUSEN, déclarations non-dé- menties, apportent une confusion intense dans les masses des réfu giés. Je me permets d*estimer qu’il serait désirable de voir, lo, la large publication par le Haut-Commissariat des textes officiels de l’arrêté soviétique ainsi que de l’accord conclu entre MM. TCHITCIîERiNE et NANSEN, 2o, le démenti formel par le Haut-Com- ffltaWSrlât"déi affirmations de M. KORECHKOF? en tant qu’elles con cernent le Haut-Commissariat et le Dr. NAUSEE. Veuillez bien croire, cher Monsieur, à mes sentiments de parfaite considération. (Dr. Lod^gymsky) / Délégué# TRADUCTION.' SECTION D* ADUINISTRATÎOH MILITAIRE AUPRES DU DELEGUE de l a S.R»C.B. r k S c t 1 a . -y- 1 Prénom o t patronyme...... Dernier ix>ste dans les années blanches No...... 10 • Villa de Sofia. Au Comité Exécutif Contrai Ranrusae. Requête ...... Ba me ré fé ra n t L l ' a r t . 2 le l'Arrêté iu C.E.C.P. au 16.liJ.2lje solll- c i t e da me r é t a b l i r ...... : ...... •:••• dans les droits de citoyens russe. Ci-jointes: une courte DiografHie, un formulaire _i1 enquête -.ai 1. ex. avec ïee documents cités et Z j-hctcgra p h ies...... 1923. S ignature: ENQUETE No...... sur un candidat au rerratriji.ent en varttu do l'A rrêté sur l'am nistie, jubilé par le C.E.C.P. le u novembre 1921. No. QUESTIONS. REPONSES. 1 Nom, prénom, patronyme 2 Année, mois, date et lieu de naissance 3 Appartenance sociale avant la révolution 4 Nationalité 5 S u jétio n G üüucation eçue (énur.orer tou-j les etabl issemnata scolaires où a étudié) 7 Situation domestique (état civil) 8) Ccmroaition do votre famille ( f emir.e, enfant s ) ; lnd iquer le/lurs prénoms,occupation et adresses exactes 9 Votre pore, mare, frerea, s ours; insinuer leurs prénoms, adres ses exactes actuelles, occupa tions avant la révolution et actual- 10 Quais postes av;u«m. dans les services civils ou jd ialers avez '/eus cccu- iéf. avant d'entrer dans la service militaire» qua faisiez vou., avant a'entrer ions le service m ilitaire 11 E tat do santé 12 Quelles langues conn lisez vous sauf le russe IS Çuuril ê te s voua ont ré l u uor i;:e _ m illtilre et on quelle qualité 1 4 r E tiez vous m obilisé ou on-' iC" vo ie n t t i r e au commencemmt de l a ituerre io 1914 . 15 Derniers prude at roato d-uis 1 /molenne irai-e avant li révolution do fevrlor Iule 16 Avez vous s e rv i d m a l'Arm ée Itoura, d'ins quelles unités), -îuels jostes avoz voua occupé, depuis et jusftu a 17 Pourquoi avoz voua passé 1*armée blanche et dans Quelles conditions 18 Etiez vous arrêté ou traduit sn Justice, car quel organe de l ’autorité Sovie- ti^ue, iourquel et quelles punitions vous ont été infligées 19 OU etisz voua, quels postas tenlaz voua et dans quelles m ités depuis la revolution d 'O cto b re tH t 1017 Ju sq u 'au c m e n t d ' an- t r e r dans 1 ‘ .ornée bl:mobe 20 Oli e t quand e te a ’«ous en tre dans x .,mr.eu^ianene, nom de l'anaôe, en quelle qualité (mobilise ou engagé volontaire) ___ 21 Où et quand et dans qujlàÆ combats aacgaint vous avez pris part, ét:int dans 1 armée blanche, quel poste teniez vous alors 22 Avez voua des décorations, quand, ou et pourquoi las avez vous reçus < 2 3 Quelle part avez vous pris a la révolution de 1905 e t oh é t i e t vous a lo r s 24 Quelle part avez vous pris aux revolutions dû Février et d§0ctobre 1917 et oti étiez vous 2 5 Si vous no sympathisiez pas la révolution d'Octobre 1967 définissez les causes (vos opinions à cette période) , 26 A quels partis politiques avez ’vous appartenue .• imdant toute votre vie, auquel appartenez vous actuellement (ou sympathisez éventuelle- 2 7 Etisz vou ^jamais châtié pour uctivlté révolutionnaire, quand et pourquoi _ , 28 Cul des collaborateurs on vue des Soviets ou du tarsi voua connaît (leurs adresses) ; indiquer deux euma- 29 Avez vous dos parents d.oi9 l'armée rouge,qui et oti 30 Avez voua aes parants dans les armées blanches opérantes contre l'armée rouge, qui et ou sont-ila 31 Quels postes avez voua occupé dans 1 arii.ee blancne et votre dernier grade 32 Inuiquez votre mentalité politique actuoxxe 3 3 A ip;nre aVtcLivitt; êtes voua unclin lu pxua 34 Pourquoi voulez vous entrer an ^ussie SovietIque Quart-tiopic lie vouiez voua choisir un lîuaale Os viatique IlGtitiaaMA 'fioo.il ir l e fo rm u la ire en 3 exem plaires» Signature ...... Aanue, m ois, d a t e ...... VI . B u lg a rie )...... X Genuvo. L «5ici. - .E.C.R. (a.o.) TRADUCTION. 1 LETTRÉ DB 11. KOHKOHKOFf, ; Représentant de la Croix-Houge Russe des doviéto h dof>< r ("Novaya KAsstya", So. 9, 22 novembre 1922). "Vu lea Informations contradictoires de la uresuo sur 1 arrivée b. Sofia de la Mission de la d.R.C.R. je vous prio d*insérer dans votre respecta journal le communiqué suivant: „ . ... , „ 1) un acoord a ôté conclu entre le Haut-üomnissairo do la oociété des Hâ tions pour les Réfugiés Russes le Dr. IlAiI3.-',H et et le Commissaire du ou- : pie de la R.d.tf.d.R. ttux Affaires '.trant;Sros II. T O H I T OHMIMB au sujet au ! rapatriement des cosaques émigrés du Don, do la Kouban ot duxarek. v en fermement à cotît accord, lo Gouvernement doviétique a donné son consente ment à la reception de ces réfugiés dans 1e cas seulement où los représon- tanta de la d.R.C.R. seront inclus dans la mission chargée du rapatriement., 2) A la base de cet accord los représentants de la d.R.C.R. furent nommés pour la Bulgarie et la Yougoslavie. i 3 ) Les représentants précités sont incorporés nu Huut-lommisnr.riat de la I société des Nations pour les Réfugiés Russes ot sont p a r conséquent simul tanément lea représentants de la d.R.C.R. et du jJr. HAMShN. 4) Les représentants de la d.R.C.R. sont chargés do la conioction des lis tes do la reception (les enquêtes et du controls do toutos les personnes, qui’maniufoatent le désir do retourner en leur patrie. 5) La Mission de la d.R.C.R., que je dirige, est lo aeul organe légitime le ia d.R.C.R., car pur décision ttmrthm**! do la Oroix-Rouge Internationale du 15 ootobre 1921 la Croix-Rouge de la République uoviétlque est reconnue société nationale de la Croix-Rouge et en cette qualité entre,sur la oase des règles générales et dos droits dos peuples, dans l ’Organisation Inter nationale do la Croix-Rouge. n 6) L'organisation qui existe ici, dirigée par U. FKLDMAHM et qiii s intitule "S.R.C.R." est un faux, car par lettre do H. AiiOR, président c.o la Croxx- Rouge Internationale, on date"du 7 février a.c. adressée au président de l'ancienne SrR.C.R. cette dernière est privée du droit de s intituler j .R. C.R. et d’agir sous son emblème. __ 7) Les rumeurs sur lu formation de l'armée rouge sur le territoire bulgare etc. sont une invention oropagée pour empêcher la rapatriement. Il va seu lement que les officiers sont enregistrés h part car, conformément û i 'af" rté du Comité 'Ixéoutif Central Panruaae, ces personnes doivent être spéci alement amnistiées. Agréez etc. Le Représentant de lu ti.R.Ci.lt. en Bulgarie» (signé): KORKOHKOyf. Pour traduction conforme : (A.p.polounine), % deorétulre du Délégué de la d.R.C.R. (a.o.) à Genève. J JHO/EG/29 Moscow 6th January...... 192 3 INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE FORT SSIAN RELIEF 1 Z H V *29 Nansen Mission Dear Johnson ^q ^ ^-if \ ^ _Arri.vo.l_of _Ru8sian_refuge.es via Odessa*. _ The following is an extract from a letter dated M E m flV H A P O flH blfl KOMMTET nOMOLUM rO/lOflAIOLHMM. 36th December from Mr. Hahn, Nansen representative MMCCMfl HAHCEHA. r/lABHOE BIOPO HOMMTETA in Odessa:- Bo/ibiuan HMKMTCKan 43» «...... In the meantime, a new batch of about 300 Wrangel soldiers has arrived here ;they have however oc been despatched by the Committee for Ruseian Refugees in Bulgaria .They have been met by the local authori4* ties in the usual manner and transported to their homes. Without possessing an appropriate mandate ,1 cannot do anything further in the matter". sincerely / J.H.Gojrvin JHG/EG/4I Mosc< 10 th January INTERNATIONAL+ COMMITTEE FT > RUSSIAN RELIEF Nansen Mission XQ i s t F Office : B. Nlkltekaja 43a My dear Johnson Telegramm adross: REPOMER Moscow. oArrlTal of Russian refugees via Novorossiisk. MEH^AVHAROAHblA KOMHTET With reference to my letter of 3rd January, I nOMOLUM rO/lOAAfOLHMM. MMCCMfl HAHCEHA. -"enclose for your Information copy of a letter ditedSSth rilABHOE 6IOPO KOMHTETA Bo/ibiuan HMKMTCKan 43a December from Mr. Bruderer, Hansen Representative at KoHTopa no pacnpefleneHMio ri0Cbi/i0K KanauiHbifl 6 Novorossiisk. TenerpacjiHbifl aflpec: PEHOMEP Mockbb. T e /ie *. Na 84-16 Mr. Simonett is now at Novorossiisk and I hope to receive a report from him shortly, which I will transmit to you. Youra very truly A .H.Go^vin. Ivi.Johnson, Esq. League of Nations(Russian Refugees) Geneva. Enclosure. N ov or oss i sk, le 28 Décembre. 192."71 ( Monsieur John Oàrvin t Repr fsetîuant de l'action Nansen Moscou, Or. Nikitskaja, No, 43?- M 0.RK/539/ 9/ AB / OU. Cher Monsieur, . „ or)9 •J'accuse bonne réception de votre tele gramme A m'annonçant l'arrivée a N ov or oss i sk 100 réfugiés de Varna. Suivant votre désir j'a i aussitôt transmis ce telegramme aux troix Commis saires, des Affaires Etranger es,de la direction d - la Police et du Bureau d ' tSv acuti on, en les priant de m'aviser a temps de l\arriv^ee de ce transport, afin que je puisse dés le premier moment etre a bord et ensuite assister au de bar que ment. Je vous ai fa it parvenir la copie de ma lettrepar mon courrier du 20 crt. Le chef du bureau d*évacuti on est changé depuis^ quelques temps. Mr. Serguievsky est transféré a Rostoff est remplacé par_ le Docteur F ilip o ff. J'ai fa it la connaissance de ce dernier. Il était avant, che du bureau d'évacution des soldats malades. C'est un homme entre les 2 âges, communiste persuadé, sans grande instructi on Au dire de Mr .Filippoff, son remplaçant Mr. Filip off n'a que le titre de docteur, mais il ne peut pratiquer comprenant presque rien à la médicine. Tout est prêt pour/ la r éception du transport que vous m'avez avi sé.Il est projeté de mener les réfugiés du bateau dir éctement aux bains, où ils seront/ épouiliés et leur effets désiyfectés.Comme iljé nist pas possible d'en faire passer olus de 200 a 250 par jour et pour ne point retenir le paquebot à'Wovorossisk, 50-m.agons sont préparés pour loger les réfugiés, attendant leur tour de passer au bain. Ces wagons seront/ pendant 2-3 jours isolés sur la voie. Aores le bain les réfugiés seront dirigés au camp. Comme le camp que vous connaissez ne peut loger que 400 personnes il y a 2 autres maisons de préparées. L 'une, l'ancien camp des soldati malades se trouve au Standart, pour 400 personnes et l'école de che min de fer, ores de la gare, pour 200 personnes. J 9ai voulu visiter ces 2 maisons avant l'arrivée du transport, mais jusqu'a ce jour ces Messieurs ne m'en ont pas donné la possibilité. J'avais projeté, ave- les autorités locales, de partir les22 et fain une tourné d'inspection des asiles et colonies d'enfants a Sotchi, Adler, Touapse et autres localité/s des bords de la[ mer Noir,ce qu'aurait pris environ 8 jours. Au reçu de votre télégramme J ' ai du remettre ce voyage ne vouianÇ pas manquer l'arrivée du transport9 Cependant aujourd'hui c'est déjà le 28 et nous n'avons encore aucuK nouvelle de lu i. . , J'ai également bien réçu votre estimée du 5crt. JA0/LD.95 avec an nexes .J ' agir ai suivant vos bonnes instructions. Dans l'espqir que ce transport ne tardera naé, veuilles croire, cher Monsieur, a mes sentiments les plus distingues. (Signé) Bruderer Représentant de l'Action Nansen Novorossisk Standart. - rue Oornaja, 7 P.S, Al'inatant J ’apprtnds ju fi> igné) rrtiderer Lélégu: du Com, Inter . de la Croix Pouge 29IZI1-IJ92.- RSFSR. PEOPLES COMMISSARIAT FOR FOREIGN A?FAIRS. Mr. Gorvin, N^nf-en R e pre senta tive in Moscow ^ II January 1923. No.10713. Moscow. Dear Johr. G orvin, Th Economic and J u d ic i-1 D ept.of Narkon.ind.il , .-r ,, with yc'.r opinion(expre is d ii. your lett lv of 8th peoeml r ) -e to the re tun; or Cos..to t Don . . ., beg to inform *hat < • xyon their part th»t in *cvor _ u. in font-Li or. g-msred in h 2 a propri-te Russian institutions, .he h-rv^ai ia the Don area considerably e x c è d e th 3 "fa.-iine nom,". Of course, o.via,: to vh-.. iodine of the two p, s t ye^rs , there - re to tc fouaa ac.ozü- -he wel i -p i ^vi ded/POT ul hou in v e n to ry , buTytt» ra o:. fo r a x l i i date rs ...... saying th-At th4y are se» in ne id of h»lv or men^Cs d by f>r.;ii;. in tl;. y s.r I £ a , w XHdxfca or to prohioi u the rotur.. o: suah Co. mu>ua.'. u.q wish to gov baotheir horn Sgd. Paohukania. JHG/EG/76 V / ’ . M»scôw I5th January 192 .3. 1 7. rEV *23 ' 1 ' I NTEF^xVlONÂL COMMITTEE FOR'^RUSSIAN RELIEF / My deàî Jdîineon, Nansen Mission Office: B. Nlkitekaja 4 3a Arrival of_ Russian refu£ees_v^a_Novoros8iisk._ Telegramm adress: REPOMER With reference to my letter of *he 10th January MEmflVHAPOflHblA KOMMTET I enclose letter dated 6th jan ary from Mr. nOMOLUM rO/IOAAKDLUHM. §ruderer MMCCMfl HAHCEHA. Naneen Relegate at Novorossiisk, also letter of 6th r/lABHOE BIOPO HOMHTETA Boflbiuafl HMKMTCKan 43a January from Mr. Simonett^f , s p e c i d Nansen delegate at Novorossiisk for the question of repd.triation. You will note from these letters how important it is that each arriving at Rusafcan por es shall be provided with papers signed by the $Iansen Repatriation Delegate at Varna and by the Russian Representative. incerely T ,F.Johnson,Esq. League of ^atipns (Repatriation of Russian Refugees) Geneva. 2 enclosures. “““V. Ionsleur John Qorvin r - n?iiK/:vk/9._ AB/OU.- r.IIikitakayi ,HS Cher Monsieui, • , , , Comme je voua l'ai télographie.le 29 au soir est entré ,otre i - o r t j.» , a." " av u ” . i *s ruas es venant de Con stantinople . . . , .,, j,<■> lendemain matin,je fus prevenu que le débarquement commencerait à 2 h. dj l'après midi. * „ Je :r..- rodais quelques minute savant l'hsurc- indiquée i lio-'’ et j1 y i x cuvais une comraiss ' on spéciale présidée par !vir. Stepanoff »c- cupée àârejsur la liatu des refui-tés et leur nrenunt la correg nrd.-uice et Itô jouriî;u". qu'ils avaient apportée aven eux. x J 'appris que cette commission était depuis le matin a Je restais jusqu'au débarquement complet des réfugié:* A mesure qu'ils descendaient je causais avec eux,en présence des autorités russes. , , A 2 heures juste commerça, en 'bon ordre, le dernrque- moi.t,suivant la liste provisoire de la commission. ’în parcourant cette lis- , te j'or. t.ï tiré les chiffres suivr ates, du nombre des réfugiés,seL-m ' - ur lieu d'origine; Cosaques des régions du Don - 64 hommes - - " " " " du Koubf.n- 21 " - - - X Kalmouks M " du. Don - 43 " 2 femmes 2 enfants Provinces du centre - - - 23 " 7 " 2 " Officiers - - - 27 " - Parmi s eu: ' . i>rt les officiers, environ "'C sont 3 'en ciens soldnts Wranguel,1 prisonnier ds guerre deWeatphaüe et 2 dt l'armée russes en Franae. „ Les 3 derniers sont venus ; lour frais . g.rseille ?. Cospoli.D' après leur dire,ily a environ 2R.cou de leurs compatriote® s !.Ias- seillo,qui attend eut d'*+re rapatriés p?r 1 c goiiverue-nor.t français ,r o pos sédant prs suffisamment pour payer "leur voyage. Tous les 197 sont venus de Cospoli a lour frais.Ils :* out du payer chacun 9 lyres . ’que s -our le nassago sanslu nourriture, et I ivre pour le visa à la commission lateral liée. . ■‘•e paquebot est parti de Cospoli le 14/XTI e* ■ trive a Sebastoyol lé-. 17 et en répartit le 27/XII. , A u dire d e ces réfugiés il” en encore environ 1 •« mfe les à Coiii'Mdésirant entrer en Russie,mai:; na possédaftt p u pour faire le Voyage .L'Action Nansen d3 l-i T.i-yue des^l.'atioa " -st tr:.; populaire parmi t»x et beaueupp partent^ en Bulgarie,pour être enregistre da. • 1 e.; traK'jr.orta qui a 1 or«,Lni^cat -bas par le Dr.Iîanseu. , . , la visite des :n\L _>-c 5u tour t---.- f' l ' ' ' i • • i • Il et à pert ‘-es lettres et } fusil do chasse,rien n'a été oon - fisqué etils n'ont iss du payer oe droits d 1 entrée, D\> débaroued^rti les réfugiés ont été coudv.itsdire j- tement au camp et le lendemain matin aux bains et '■ 1 ’épouillage. Comme le 51AU et le r Janvier :.t 3«s fi .• I I enquàte individuelle par la p.-V -c- ' commencé le ? Jô.;.’:ler. ,y»- Qovi'l1 iiui devait pexfcfc? .1 re expédié un transport de ICO personnes ,mai^ des malentendus avec u. ifc ddiiection La action des chemins de fc.- /ont. avoir lu • '.< utes à ce sujet. le 4 crt. esc arr i ci .leur Simonett. y,e i en- demain noua avons visit' le camp en itr. cauaé aveu le/ réfugié?, î..r.-im onett Stc-ut j1 en picfi+e pour faire le voy- age d 1 insp3ction prej-t"' ' ccr n "• j .•* “ j a prendrai aveu la commis a or lo uait , le tiate?.u pour S o t c h i ’ -•«■père 9 ûr- retour à Novuxoaslak peur Veuillez qgréer.'ilu nsieur,c.es salutations bien < p r e s s é e s . A J ».!• • • i’• 11, r'~i " t. i on j r : o.- -.-I >:k : r~ô . i Derr 3ir, , v i s i t to . , tl or th Karoor:iindiel in T'ovorossiisv ■ ud irj'nr-ied hi~ of ttie resit or our to tl t ■ .; .1 ■ . that tl triated ‘■vert-- .find to have returned to theirhomes. • A3 to j^ho delay ir. the 9 rival of the transport J>r oin rtip ^ think'; it due. tovfirât boat not ha v i n r b e e n fit. for t ^ n e n o r t of -'?ople nd thftt lother boat ; ."ron Burav ^evv I went to see ,.:r. ::orp.g . thp chief of the find that t ' ' : they hn’-e is to t.Then 1 1 het tl ight to peopli. v,l.o co::.c with tl: .. Joosacki but do not Telong to them,he hpvincr i . f.ructions to re ee j on] v tb.v ' ran; 1 ' ole r- turn!nr under the Hansen agreem ent.I drcv: his a t t e n t i o n to -.vet th- t t i l l now - lo t 0 ? :...... tl lesty o !to-< . 1 ; [.as for • ■ I remember the amnesty speaks only of soldiers of the different white aï mies ond cl. «re arc officit-rs , officials 0 nd otl er^ c o m in 1' in and I th û re Ld i .i 1 e to know he th er ther< h; ’ ■ 1 nt i on n r' t 1 >r those people -nd wl 1 it has ’ ade. In order t >s3 ihbl surprises to the rfurees on their arrival in Puss is it -ould be -vJ visp ble to pvfi res; ective informations to Constantinople -nd to direct the no0 ole to Varna v.here they could be duly registrated hv t11 T>as en and Tovjt re p re s e n ta tiv e s .T h e tra n s p o rt whic.1 a rriv e d on PPth December -ndw ich is _ still- in the comp op me from C onstantinoplehere as "tlif Cosspchs say still about I-tOCO people ."re on the list for repatriation to Russia. Kogan introduced me to the chief of the repatriation commission : r. ^Lh£—Lii2.:_ " t a l l young man, to who ■ i 11st tions to i ‘ree .oceoj to the steamers,camps and examinations.The 3 .x=minations of thi vossackstake - lot of time because only 3 emoloyeei r occuMed if the tillinf- out ol the iormnl«V -nd writing or the enquete -nd the-;» ? .,orir BJand night. og*n complains thet Kreesnodar loes not gi-e more people ior that yurpoae.Could. you induce the Koaoo* inthoriti ,g to a j moll* • these form alities as the S employees w ill n»ver bo able to finish the : examination ol the ICCO vJoasaoks if it takes tbm already v:eeks to e ••'nr.lie 200 people.Besides I really cannot see the nee, salty of their long - a n i r w ° it, n -,01 , rr peasant of whichthere are so many especciallH t Ï Oalmucks.I suggest to : ve • thouroughexamination made hy the • Soviet repr sentativi In Bulgaria before th, neople lep-e Tor »„=si ^ ^he chief or ti Linpunkt i- no, rg ^ he I ■ just no',- in "onSff^nd I ï ‘ vî"~;2", îu n se‘ Dr-Tiniaieff with whom ana in company ol ud-rer tr'ii-'o t :ierft according; to the numbers river by the h«id if t! , 52 o f f i c ie r s ussian soldiers from Prance _X ris oners of war 37 non commisiionftd o f f i c ie r s 42 refugees 9 women 3 children tot-1 IPP were lodr-d a; you tfcn tat- 1 or '' in my last letter, It - . ; - ., .... ' ' id continued thej lthout i thi ■ ... i ,03sac’-:s -re content v.ith recapti - .as in Hovembvr with the s-.ce nti on of m-at. - hi.;', j • -o-.u c > ' ' . ' • . tr '■ p sufficient stock of ;>rovisi ons , 3 0 t i t tv y ;o>:ld feed t once c, " tmns*» 1 • - . Le i !lv’ ■’’■•'.'iniaie: f,-ll had been vaccinated - nd in act H »d *11 t' y only -sre anxious to know ».hen they would V- s*nt furtl t it. t 1 .... Railway as the railway papers or the Linpunkt were not in ord "jill therer leav- NovoroSPiim after the holidays. 0 After the visit of th camp which a -.5 you • .re aware o-n hold only about 300 men I wanted to ses the premi sea where the •••.-•.«ot-d 1000 Oossaekt* ihould • Ti told that this question will be settled in ' ur two.Thfy hav? in vieto*? th- ruhrh-ns "or !'00 m-n,a school -1 ;o Tor ; i i n 083 )f h i : • afc- tion which could hold easily the whole transport of th- T000 Cossacks'. I •:3k-d D r .T in ia ie f f to srranc* m atters in time i t would ma>e a very had impression if th* first transport comminj? under the Nansen "•••re «ment should have difficulties in fretting quarters. 2r.Tiniai-.ii: rejoiced v.i n on the way he got tli» ne vs th a t 152 m illia rd s ! u u t >c hod b-fu tr-n:-i>rr<)d to the Linpunkt from the Gov-rnroent.Let us hope that Same w ill help them to yr-t th ings done. Yours truly Mr.John Gorvin Assistent High Commissioner IviOSCOVJ . r -/ 7 My Sear Colline, i,e reçoives; yotir confiaentlal lettero of the 30th December i.nft the Lzici January, rfidroceed to de Vnttevllle nd Dr. Ilaiiïien ro o p e o tlv e ly . The only ' o t t e r whloh we hrve rouolved ft oui Koreohkov on thin aubjeot In one dated Decem ber £7th, oopy of whloh I enclose for youi Information, to gether with e oopy of the reply t have cent to hi , to-diy. Phc oomnauilo tlo n mr.de to yon re [-rr ding Koreohkov'u aotlvltleu by Li. Hloholueff a >peara to be very important and If you have not him wo th in k you uhould do bo a t th e e c r lle a t p o u elb le mo- m ont. We then think that you should oomnmnleete this In formation verbally to Koreohkov pointing out, of uourae, that you reoolved It under ronerve, but thf^t novertholoee It waa Impossible for tho High commluearlnt to paea It by unnoticed. You n^y then draw Koreohkov'b attention to p.-.ragraph 6 of th e enol tied oopy l e t t e r , whloh T ric k and £ addreaaed to U# drodowaky, the otlng Soviet AmbfiBeador In iierlln on th e üôrd December• You w ill ae e, th* t In this letter we amalgamated oert In deeluratlona whloh v.'e hud o b tiln e d verb l l y irom M, rodoweky, infl whloh he proolaed to jonflrm on receipt o f o ur l e t t e r . I t or:y be u u efn l for yoi to point out to Koreohkov that# although paragraphe 5 of thle letter wua auggeeted by oureelvoe, the soviet repreoen- t, tlvea In ‘•rlln readily embraced It, and Intimated that the '.'-ore prepared to #elnroroe It strenuouslye They profaaBed to be extremely ulspleaeed with the oompli:Into i*ioh had boon reoeivod rogi rdlng tie KoreohkOY !*nd suggested vary seriously th. t the,, intanded to reo>ll hi to 'ierlln. If not poraunently ut loaut temporarily. In order to mutas hi ta realise tlu t it would bo neoeaa- ry for him to adhere etrlotly yo the spirit aa well aa to the letter of the arrangement made with Uanuon. Yours alnoorely, L My dear Gorvin, I enoloae herewith a letter dnted 30th December, whloh has been sent to us by Collins with the re meet that It nmy be forwrrded to you. Yours elnoerely, 'T f / Gorvin, Esq., o/o# M. Qalletl, Bastel Boulevurd II 4u, 7 "1 Geneve, January Oth rti£% Dear Collins, You may like to see the enclosed envelope which arrived thlu morning and tthloh woa ourohmrged bo the extent of 1,10 fr. a this lo not an loolr.ted oaoe you may peihapa like to give Instructions nooor- dlngly. Youra alnoorely. J.H# Colline, iiaq, rue tihenova. L I ■ h- 11' :)< r- i 1 Geneve, January 8th 1923. Dear Childo, I am a ending you herewith an envelope whioh has arrived here this morning nddressed to Dr. Hansen In Oonutfintinople and returned to the post. We received several let tore aftor vary c onai derable delay, addrenaed tc Dr. Hansen In Constantinople and you may perhaps like to give the neoestmry lnut, ructions to the local postal authorities to afoid delaya of this desoriptlon. Yours sincerely, Captain Childs, OOBSIAifflHOPlB. r Oenevi-, January 8th rfc£;3e In reply to your letter Uo« 158 of the 87th Dooetnbor, I have to draw your attention to the foot that It would appear that you have mleoonutrued ut» Hancon's telegr>jn to you of the 7th .jeoembar In which he definitely stated that 1 he oould undertake the ludbedlt te repatriation of nil the refugees of the first thousand who were - bio to contribute £00 levuB per head tov/arda transport oxpenaea. To thle tolei;rcm you replied on the liith jeoembor ua follows:- "Réfugléa ne peuvent pr.yer"# Koroohkor"• I think yen wll agree that It la quite evident from thin exoh. nge of tele grams that Dr. Han en hud no Intention whatever, at the time, of contributing a further 100 lev> a per ho d, particularly as he h' d mowt etrongly emphasised that ho would have to llu.lt hln contribution In any o;-se to to/- per heud# I think rauot elao this opportunity of saying onoe more that ur. 4un. en oun, In no oane, entertain a payment of more then f.0/- per heud towerde the repatriation expennea of refugees from Bulgaria» The t> ot that he m: de rn exoeptlon In the oase of the first thousand refugees, who had left their ultut.;.lon and ere In a moat difficult poeltlon In Wrna, la not to be taken as a precedent for an lndlo; t Ion that he will be ■ ble to reoonalder the deolelon above referred to, me leur iforeuhkov, Hopréuentant de la Croix-: with re orunoe to the other point referred to In your letter retarding the b o ope of your activities in dulgarla, I co to- dny rrltlog to nr. Hansen'fl delegate in Bulgaria, Mr. Collins, on this subject, nnfl I think, ho "111 be rblc to - o^ualnt you with the concrete facto for whioh you • ok» He hr vo now rcce Lvod ;our letter of the 25th Dooercber, enoloEilng n further lict of ECO rofueoea pf-vaet for repatria tion, e nd muet once more m m you th’t Dsr# Huni>en ewi only contribute to the extent of I0/- per he» d towarde the roprtric- tlon expenses of these refugees, and that it would « pear to be ml «loading to pass i-ny .urther refugees for rep;trlution un less you iv.ve aoeured beforehand that independent hrrangemnts h-ve boon made £»r the pi yment of the half noe o+ their repatria tion expenoeo. You will, I on mire, Lgroe that it would be moet unfortunate to create n similar Irfwt'.' noe Vo that *e**ren in oonneetlon with the repatriation of the tiret thousand «rhloh would only result in quite unneoeyiiary hardship for refugees besides vo ^ringing discredit on the organisations et-uool ted vith it# I should niff to seltse thla opportunity of tranemltting heraslth, for your information, a translation of a letter alle ged to h..-ve boon cent b. jOu to tho "Hovoye ïtosalya" on the 22nd Move ber If this translation la an authentic one, X naist draw your t tent ion to tvo aerlous inujour^olea. in part.fcïraph one of thin letter you stated "On Aooord a été o one lu entre le Hnut-Uommlum-ire de la société deo Mations pour lee réfugiés K m ou, le Jr, Hunuen et le Comml. sulre du . euple de la He3eT.HeIle oux Affaires JtrtmgbroB U» TOHITOHXMÜIB, utt r Hujot du r;p.trlonont des oonoquoe dmlgrée du Don, de le Kouban et da ierek." Unfortunately, although Br. ttannen h-:d u discussion on this imbjeot with M. Tohlteherln, no definite a,yrcement waa ovoy m ad e , lthough there ht;a been nn interchange of oorrosoondonee from ti e to time on dif ferent pointe between reprooentrtIves of the High CoramlBBlo- ner and the soviet author It Lea. I may ei-y, however that, o a reeult of^reoont vlelt to ilerlln end of oomrereiitlone with Me Brodownky I hope thnt a definite oonorete agreement will soon be made. . . far more uerloua allogi tlon, however, Id Interpreted to you In paragraph 3, In vhloh you atute th». sents tlvea of the Soviet uthoritl n are In oorpoented In the High commissariat i-nd re consequently ur* Nnnr.en'B repre- eentutlveB, [ am very unwilling to believe that you committed yourself to rnioh a statement, whioh would be juat ra lnexot ae If Dr. Hansen's delegrtoa ololrad to be the offlolsl re present: tlvea of the Soviet uthorltleo, whloh, C i m sure, you will t groe would be manifestly absurd. I fool sure that If by un unfortunate error these state ments appeared In the "tlovayu .oaeiya" over jour si «nature you «L«ii4-bo the fir et to desire the public tlon of an offi cial correction. Xours f Ithfully, secretary to High commL. ulenor for refugees. Dear Dr. Lorlygeneky, £ have to aeknSvdedge the reoelpt of .your l e t t e r HO# ) 'IS of the 5th lnot, oommunlo- ting tranfil tlona of two documente attributed to Horoolikoff, the representative of the Soviet ited Croas In Bulgaria* Vie have t t onoe writ ton on urgent letter to Li» Xoreoh- Jcoff drawing hlc :ttontlon to the errors In the letters ad- drenoed to the "Hornya ROBBlya" on the :.2nd eoombor, ■ nd ro ueeted hlr to tak» otepe to eeoure an I medl te deni 1 In that Journ' 1 of them# I ht ve h d to point out so 11. Koreohkoff that the agreement re fe rre d to by him In Ma l e t t e r as having been mad- betvoen Dr# tinn.en nd M« Tohltoherlne does not exist on paper. It le true that Dr# ilanuen had » conference on the eubjeot of repatriation with M« Tohltoherlne In Berlin, but no definite »greement we airlvod at et the time, lthough subsequent rrangements have been airlvod at by means of an Interoh: nge of letters, betvoen .>r. Hannon'e roorenent tlv ea nd the Soviet uthorltlen. Dr, M n en le, however, now endeavouring to Inoorpor te these varloee arrangements Into one dooumont, - oopy of which will oert Inly be transmitted to you, If It materialises. Yours falthiUlly, Ueoretnry to High Oom.nl zc loner for Refugeee, -odygenuky, 1 oo -iu c lr'iu e . COPY. ACTION du Dr. NANSEN, pour le secours t, In Russie. Novorosrisk, 13th January,19^3* Standart, Gornaya, No.?. M r . P.S.Baker. Representative of the League of Nations P.K/3V9 AS / OU Dear Sir, Being entrusted by Dr.Nansen' r, Representative lir.John Gorvin in Mocow with the supervising and control of the Wrangel peo pie arriving at Novcrossisk I mould ask- you to forward by the chief of each transport or by the captain of the steamer a list with the correct number of refugees Addressed to r.e. For the transport which arrived on t he ICth inst.,by S/S "VARNA" I have received from Moscow two lists for together IOOOre- fugees whilst the lists given to the Soviet Representative show 1287• In future when the transport will run regularly it wil certainly hapten that the lists sent, by Moscow will reach Novorossisk too 1 ate for the arrival of the boat and t’-en I would be without any list. I presume that you have already received instructions from Moscow in t’ is respect, but to -.uke sure to get a list together with the transport by next, steamer I thought it necessary to draw your atten tion to this point.. Yrurs truly A .SIMONETT Representative of Dr. Nansen LJ îlovorossisk, I6th Jan,1923. '■Tr. KOGAN. Herewith I beg to draw your attention to the fact that the method of disembarking refugees adopted on the Ilth inst, is better than that of the second party on the I3th inst. as by handing over the documents when leaving the steamer less time is taken than by collecting the documents firF and afterwards landing the refugees one by one. When leaving Varna the refugees receive a ration pf food for three da., s. Therefore if the refugees cannot be landed at once in Ilovorossisk thep are left without food as it happened with the S.S.Varna. I would ask you to point this out to the 1 inpunkt. I take this opportunity to thank you for the speedy settlement of the camp question and for your help re des;atch of b,S.Varna, I note with pleasure that the refugees will be sent on in 3 days. Signod. Simonett GUARANTEE The undersigned repropentative of Dr, Hansen for repatriation of Russian refugeos agrees to pay the ship taxes for the S.S,Varna of the amount of one thousand four hundred and fifty nine gold roubles 25 oop. to the Torgport as soon as it is clear that this sum has really to be paid by the League of Mations, ^ ,; \ xi Sig. h'lmonett. /Y GUARANTEE. The undersigned captain of the Varna of the Bulgarian Steamship Go, in the name of the said Company -ill pay to Dr. Hansen's representative, ’"r, Pirnonett on presentation of documents re payment to the Torgport for the p. % Varna of 1458. . sig. Captain S. : .Varna, Lr r Gezieva, January t7th 1923. My dear Gorvln, { o no lose, horev/lth, a further list of 250 Rwselen Refugees passed for repatriation from Bulgaria by U» ;:oreohkov« X aleo enclose two copies of the llet for your own I oannot, at the present moment, give you any Idea b to v/hen these refugees w i l l leave Bulgaria, pb Dr* Benson has been obliged to e t ate quite categorically that he oannoA- ly contribute a maximum sum of £0/- per head towards their repatriation expormes whilst the totcl transport cost, es you will probably remember, amounts to 16/- per head* Koreoh- kov hue of oourae been Informed to this effect and warned that no further refugees should be passed for repatriation before arrangements have been made for the pro vision of the balance of 6^- per head# Yours sincerely: John tiorvin, ^aq«, c/o. H, Gallatl, RIGA. / L * J Extract from the {RED) "Blaok see" 17/1/23, REFUGEES FROM BULG ARIA. AT LAüT IN HUS MA. The steamer VAREIA arrived three day a ago from V a r n a v;ith 730 refugees of the Wrangel array. They say '' Long ago we dreamed of returning to Russia but the White staff in oo,:i and of the arrangements for returning, put the soldiers in prison, IIow we are again in Rusria, hut we are quite changed people ready to the strength left to us to serve the "oviet power," 10.000 candidates. Together with the International Rod Cross thois is a Soviet Mission at :-ol'ia with Comrade Cornanko at its head; both these -i-sions help those returning to Russia, iïow many are tbore who wish to return to Russia ? The refugees reply " ALL ", The lissions new register more than 10,000 and there still remains a countless number unregistered, Bulgarian "arty Co... it toe, v-> 7’e soldiers had a miserable ti .a, say the refugees, bmt after the unsviccesr* political pourparlers of Wrangel in Sofia it was nearly impossible to live, ifter that the Bulgarians hated all Russians so much that it was better not to show oneself, They wonId not give us work and drove up from everywhere like the accursed. The Bulgarian Co- unlstic Party however, help ed, Work, help and all possible advice and information could be obtained from the arty, 10.000 Letters, In order to bias the minds of the emigrants with lies and slander of soviet Russia , the High Co:nmander Wrangel and , utinoff tho crafty oppressors of the soldiers kept baok about 10,000 letters - 2 - belonging to the soldiers. But whenever possible patriote of the "Bovoie Vromia” and other newspapers oalumniete Russia, Nevertheless the lèis at lost beoorae known by the letters from Russia which by ohanoe get into the hands of the emigrants. Tsar Boris III. The emigrants give characteristic information about the Bulgarian monarch. He has no power vhatevor but exists on the throne for ornament. Dressed in civilian clothàs , the Tsar Boris travels through his small country in an ordinary carriage, and when he passes his subjects they instead of * owing him honour murmur indifferently " Ah, there our Boris drives’j" So everywhere gradually dies out the monarchist system. Extract from (Red) "Black Sea'', January I7th, I9H3* Life abroad. The returned refugees do not like to speak of their life abroad. we arrived from the Crimea,they say, in Constantinople wo were sent on without disembarkation to Galipoli peninsula. Here began the sufferings of the cheated Russian people. Some, reaaeting the cruel discipline enforced by Kutepoff ran w a y from Galipoli, They wore however soon caught and sentenced by the High Command to 10 - 15 years hard labour. Reversion to Russia. From Galipoli we were sent to Bulgaria. In the concentration camps life became still worse; bread sugar and cabbage were delivered to in very amal,3 quantities. At the same time generals.officers from headquarters, priests and their families received plenty of food from all sorts of philan- trophic societies. Thir made the soldiers think and they asked themj|ffres v*i y they had left Russia, Snlist for Russia and .ou vill bo hanged. Amongst the hungry and ragged mass of soldiers the return to Russia wan oponly discussed. But how to leave - where get means and documents V Such difficulties arose for those wishing to return. Suddenly , to the astonish.ent of the soldiers, the High Command of the Russian began to meet the wishes of the Russian dreamers. The wolves of Kutenoff's headquarters a peered with waving tails and offered to register^# those who wished to go to Russia. :iany were registered------— but they did not get to Russia, and they were not seen again in Bulgaria. That is the way propogandists for returning home were dealt with by the late High Governor of South Russia, Wrangel. The prodedure soon became knovn and nobody wished to be registered for returning home. LEAGUE OF NATIONS r/ COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES 26th Jnnuafcy, 1923• J V / L N / 168 Mr. Johnson, Secretary to the High Comissioner for Russian Refugees League of Nations Geneva Dear Johnson, I send you herewith 0 list of 771 men, women , and children who are repatriated to Russia by S.S. "Varva" on the 6th of January. You may like to send this 2let to “*oscow as it is an absolutely correct list. I enclose you an extract of a report of Mr. Bakers* ut Varna. With kind regards Yours truly * . Represen ative of the League of Nations for Russian Refugees in Bulgarin. I- 2 enclosures. L - Extract of Mr, Bakers report. The 8.8. Varna has now returned to thin port and the master and also the Russian Commission which accompanied the transport renort that they had an excel1ent voyage. I enclose you a letter received by me from Mr.A.Simonett, Representative of Ur.Ilansen at Novo Rossisk. With regard to the lists, these could not be got out without detaining the boat as at the last moment they had to be altogether recompiled. With future transports however, this matter can be arranged an'1 full and complete lists mill be sent with the master of the steamer for the Representative of the League of Nations. The Uirector of t.he Bulgarian Steamship Company informs me that the Soviet Harbour Authorities at Novorossisk insisted that the Harbour dues should be paid either by the Representative of the League of Mutions or by the Steamship Company and threatened to detain the steamer unless this were done. Finally both the Representative of the League of Nations and the master of the S.S. Varna gave written guarantees that they would pay the dues in case by the terms of contract, it devolved on them tc do so. I understand that Mr.Simonett has referred this matter to mo scow. The Members of the Repatriation Sociéty at Var a handed me just before the steamer sailed from here a letter of thanks signed by themselves and by a great many of the persons repatriated to the League of Nations for the facilities given them by the League to return to Russia and for the arrangements that had been made for the voyage. The Commission which accom anied the transport on behalf of the Repatriation Sociéty have since their return conveyed again the thanks on arriving at desti nation of t.he repatriated persons to the League of Nations for the J arrangements which had been made for them ensuring quick and com fortable transport. iteanaa Hu 3UMHHUJIKTP FycKH d e * n n it* o a HOBCpoOKâOK o / "B a p H a " 1 .n o x o x u e a " e a o p TîacnJiiierm»» 1 2.yMHHueB AjieKoaHAp RcMejiMyiiOB 3 . P opoC ena JJOMiia XpncT0(t>0p0B 4.HHK 0B JllOHHfl MBKAOBHM & .MapTHHOB Hoan T htodh m o. a fio ne tlH K n r°iiH ii A uim cenHw V.TyTOpOB JlaHHiijl ■HJIHIIOBH'J 8 , B h tk h h naci!JTntt nanKpaTHesHH V.AHSP^eBOKKtl TpOi$HM HlCOBJieBHH ! U.KOCOR ^veflop rp a ro p o n H n II.KaanMHiea Mjiits AH flpeoi ;m liï.IlK c a p e B wiHXami AjiexceBHM in.IlHB KHH TK$OH naOHJHGBHM 1 4 . 4epKMUKMH CeMGH CeMeHOBHM I&.A^IJIHHOB A eim c flOTf-lHOBHU Iti.il^XO BHK O B KOHflpaTHli ' MJUttlOBHH IV.càaoHOB ÜBBH FpuropeuMM XB.MyiaKGTOB Pojihosiobkh I».i«epKy.iiO B BopHR Feorc bum ro.ropmKOB rp«ropn8 jletiaHOBHvi L: .1. Fop k o b tiBCTaTHti PpMropeniiH .. .S o jio ra p e B lle T p Tpo^ mm obh'i C3.-»P0^0B viBan T'pMropeBM’i S 4 .3 0 7 0 8 J16B Jieita or 5 ao 10 tojihhk 1 e Op u o h h k o p Unau 2. ÏIb s h o b Hua» 3 . Hytna A.roi'cnn.npa 4 , -tOC OH ."OOHlIJi 6 e -Tocopa 'ITBHÜ 6 , Rope anil apn»fl 7 , BepoüMH Ahtoh 8, rionon Mnan 9 , Caacmo» Awjipail 1 0 , RoxiiMnona Zfpocmm* Zeiia noÆ 4 roAiiHti I . Cokojio» Maxanjr S , MajiaweHKO Hitna 3 . Madamemko BjrajiMMxp 4 . ÂHMMTpM«lïl TJiajIWMHp 5. OOyuaKOB Kcuaerna P . Abüojb A^exoaH^p 7 , J3apo3Mna 3o« 8 , 0B9B Bopno 9, ‘i npooea Tktmuhb T.O* Ma./ra/o*a AxacraciiH I I . Bopno aMZxyxoB T.2 , AôyxKHOR Bopno, F ou^ ko /7 4 9 / Ce*9MOîOTHin : *pna,6 :::.nyflpnf 1823 rojinita. ripezoeiar«jr *a .'.HraTa Ma rlapi-jizTS / n / 'i.n.B eO xap Iîpf'.B!îTajtoMBciH Âüdiarai/Xn/ W.HMXozase Kombhabht mb §/§ nr-apna" /n / P .Kapaxocro» A i-eH ie/n / ft.Cro^VBB HavajiHMK HpucraMMiaaro JnJ /ipyvrei 3a OxpaoceM i npaBHT*Ji:/n/ Kojiaps naonopTa* Iîpnc a /n / Pyoea / » . n . / 3a Or-P:a$H yHPAî KTK^i/ncjinM cs/ / / nPFJlC'rAPKTEJI rlA JI.TATA HA i APOZi:TE:/noiinnoi,/. ) LEAGUE OF NATIONS HIGH COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES Telegrams: COLENSO SOFIA 5 Rue Shew 1 r Telephone: : 1662 I^th January,19' JW/C0NF/I2 Mr. John;on, The Secretary to the High Commission for Russian Refugees League of Nations Geneva. Confidential■ Dear Johnson I have just received your letter of January yl I1 1 8th concerning Mr .Koreshkoff. I thank you for the copy of his letter to you and your reply to him. There seemc no doubt that he has flatly contradicted himself concerning the telegram you and I sent him from Geneva on December the 7th. As to Mr,Nicolaeff I shall do my best to get a signed declaration from him. I shall certainly draw Mr.Koreshkoff*s attention to §5 of your letter to M.Brodowsky. This is entirely admirable. I rather think that things ".-ill now go better although Mr.Koreshkoff should certainly corrcct some of the totally erroneous statements which appeared in his letter to the newspaper "Nova Rossia". Especially must he correct which I consider a most serious misstatement. I shall toll him myself that until .ome definite agreement is made with the Soviet he must on no account encourage Refugees to believe that they will be transported to Rus.ia by the League of Nations. Thi" I regard as quite the most import-, nt matter at is -ue. I shall let you know how things go and meanwhile ations L ror h u s : ian Refugees in Bulgaria. LEAGUE OF NATIONS r IGH COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES "1 13th January, 1923* J W / L N / 160 !‘r. Johnson, Commis"ioner for Russian Refugees League of Nations. Dear Johnson, f I telegraphed you on the 8th as follows : "Vornn sailed for Novoros^isk sixth with 712 men 37 women I? children total 761 stop Baker reports everything went off well but shortage 239 persons rill necessitate thorough inquiry 77309 Colenso" I saw M.Koroshkoff yesterday and he explains the shortage of 240 people as follows. It seems that the Bulgarian Railway Authorities did not give the necessary facilities to the various refugees proceeding to Varna from different towns and villages in the provinces and the consequence was that many of them arrived too late. In addition l'.Koreshkoff status that a railway accident near Pleven also caused th.. Refugees to be delayed. I think that his explanations are to a certain ext.-nT feasible but I -as always led to under tand, and you also I think, that th..-re were at least a thousand refugees at Varna waiting to be repatfiated. You will also see that Baker, a copy of whose report on the whole matter I enclose, considers that Na Rodinou did not organise the affair properly. Anyhow the matter is now over and fortunately our expenditure has not been very high. I attach a statement showing what the approximate cost will amount to for repatriation of the first thousand. You will notice that I managed to get the shi in Cc pany to y t further reduce their prices. Bak-r’s report is very comprehun ive and I will L not enlarge on it further. There ar,: however a few matters which J LEAGUE OF NATIONS . r C* HIGH COMMISSION FOR RUSSIAN REFUGEES came up during the conversation that I had with M.Koreshkoff yesterday. Firstly/M.Koreshkoff states that he can provide I^OO people for repatriation every fortnight until further notice. He asks whether the League of Nations will assist financially and Secondly he wishes your Belgrade Office to occupy itself with the organisation of the repatriation of Russians from A Serbia. He suggests that a special Department of Mr.Zwerner's Office should deal with this matter. He states that he is receiving many letters from Russians in Serbia who vi h to be repatriated. I promised him that I would lay the matter before •v you . M.Koreshkoff would himself like to go to B -lgrade but I should imagine this would not be advisable for th: present. Thirdly he asks that the s&ti&iBgu may be regular, that is to say every fortnight or every month as the case may be I think thi:j is all for the moment so 1 will With kind regards Your.; truly Representative of the League of Nations f . r Rusaian Refugees in Bulgaria. 2 enclosures Expenses in connection with the repatriation of 1000 refugees to Bussia on 6.J Freight of Boat 10^-6 per head for 1000 Payment to Shipping Co. of 100 levas per head for 240 refug:es rho did not sail 24000 r 35 34.500 - 50 Total 610 NOTE : The Bulgarian Government paid 100 l-'Vas per head for each refugee who actually sailed.Hence the price of 10/6 and hence also the payment to Shipping Co: COPY. No. 16. 1 January,1923 Copt. J ."'.Collins Representative of the Leaguj of Nations Dear Collins Repatriations The S.S.Varna left on the 6th of January, at 8 P.M. with the following members on board: ?37 22 Total 771 The order of embarkation wav throughout excellent, descipline good and those embarking appeared to be in excellent spirits. The Certificate'-, for the League of Nation were signed without the sligheet reluctance and there was not one cose of refusal to sign. I have obtained certificates from all with the exception , of course, of the children, and will keep these certificates here until instructed by you or until I should have .ome messenger going to Sofia. They are in the Russian language as I wished to avoid any possibility of the question arising whether these pjiple understood what they were signing. On the 5th thu Russians marched down to the port with red banners and at the port a meeting was held which was ad lressed by a leading Bulgarian Communist, bpt th ‘re m> . no disturb'-.nee or disorder eitherat th • port or on the may down, and , as a matter of fact, thv demonstra tion passed without notice by th j general public. The boat did no’, leave on the $th owing to a rough sea .At the same time,however,th.;re were then only about C50 persons onboard, and in consequence of thin and al o owing to the fact that we did embark L 2 r the remainder on the 6th the Bulgarian Steamship Company claims a demurrage of £20. I do not think however that th,y will press this Numbers for embarkation*- Kor -.-hkoff and hir, people here wore quite out in their reckoning of the numbers for embarkation even up to the very last moment. They assured me that they had 900 actually here in Varna and that arrivals by train would bring the numbers up to the 1000. I prepared rations for 85O in consequence. Not counting children however they had not more than 650 in Varna. About 8? arrived by train from Sofia at 5 P.M. on the 6th and these were embarked without delay. These people reported that they had spent several days on th. way, being left from time to time at intermediate stations. Thi : appears to be a matter which the Bulgarian Government should enquire into, and avoid in future. There are still people on the ray from Plovdiv, who have not arrived in time for this boat. In the case that the League of Nations renders further repatriation facilities may I suggest that the Society of Repatriation should takr measure- - to b ; more exact with regard to the numbers actually at the port and ready for embarkation and that the date of sailing should be fixed after the arrival at Varna of oil the persons to be repatriated. ' If a Bulgarian boat i chartered thi can eosiiy bo arranged as one of the $ boat:; of the Company is almost always free or can be put at our disposal with a delay of not more than four days. Thei'e are still from 200 to 300 persons at Varna waiting to return to Bu.-sia, but who ar detained by various formalities of the Society. It appears unfortunate that Korer,hkoff could not arrange to get through these formalities in time \ to allow these people to proceed by this boat. Feeding arrangements. In ord r that'' there should b no dir rat faction with the feeding arrangements afterwards, we hold a doucil to J . 3 decide this question. I ma present personally and the other members were reprcs ntativos of the Bulgarian Steamship Company, representatives of th ■ Society, and representatives of the Rusrtan-; repatriated. We worked out a list of revisions -.-hich would have provided oxc r .mt ration- for wart, f ’ d throughout the voyage of tbrao days, and the cost came well within your limit. Thir. had to b changed how_ver,as the Bul garian Steamship Company we.e not able to obtain the four field cookers which had be. n promised them by the Bulgarian Govermmt. They obtained only two, which er.- barely sufficient to provide tee. ”7e had,th r.fore, to change the nature of the rations and had no ot’. ;r choice but to give bread and bacon - much more expensive and not u irly so atiifactory. No doubt the Bulgarian Steamship Co.-.nncy will be able to make b :tter arrange :. nts b for the nc.zt party com s on f r shipment. Owing to the nature of th rations and owing to the number of persons being less than was anticipated I am afraid that I sftall have oxc- ded the ollowance for rations. Lists prepared by the Society. The Society do not enter on their lists the children repatriated. As however, the number:-' for the boat were not complete and as I understand that the Bulgarian Government pays a grant of 100 levs;, per head I had the children included in the list reta'ned by the Bulgarian Authorities and by the Bulgarian Steamship Company. All documents, by th: officials of the Society from the persons repatriat'd as they came on board. There «4^ no doubt a certain number on board who do not figure in t h . Lists and who have not giv-'ü certificates. Several persosn asked to be allowed to ..ravel without visas, but they wore naturally refused. : I hear, however, that sorie got past the guards on th • night of the 5/6th j • hey may have thx- same good luck at the other • ud. The Bulgarian Officials, port , Customs, Sanitary and Police deserve the highe.-.t praise for the excellent work done by’ them ensuring smooth and speedy execution of the work of embarkation. I am quite sure that the mall difficulties which were met with this time will be altogether absent in the future. I hope that you will find everything to b satisfactory. tours sincerely (S) P.P.Baker. » + » SOCIÉTÉ RUSSE DE LA CROIX-ROUG* " ll^l (ANCIENNE OROANISATlOiV, r DÉLÉGUÉ Genève, le 18 janvier 1923. AUPRfcs BËS INSTITUTIONS INTERNATIONALES A GENÈVE no. ...Q.Q£>.‘. 3.1 Place du Cirque, GENÈVE jV :V * JV M. le Major Johnson, Secrétaire du Haut-Commissaire pour les Réfugiés Russes, Société des Hâtions, , g8§üN EVE. Monsieur le Secrétaire, ,ci Je m'empresse de vous remercier pour votre aimable lettre du 9 courant sub No. 45/23310/22278. Je me permets d'attirer votre attention au fait signalé dans ma lettre du 5 courant sub No. 0015 que les réfugiés russes s'intéressent vivement aux décrets des au torités centrales soviétiques sur l’amnistie, publiés les 3 &10 novembre 1921. Me référant aux nombreuses demandes que je reçois a ce sujet, je vous serai bien reconnaissant de m»envoyer les textes officials des Arrêtés du Comité Exécutif Central Panrusse, que je ne possède malheureusement pas. Je prÆite de cette occasion pour soumettre à votre attention en complément de ma lettre précitée une publication officielle de 1 organisation connue sous le nom de 1'"Union de Repatriement" largement repandue par cette dernière en Bulgarie et Serbo-Croato- -Slovénie. Cette Union déploie ses activités en liaison avec M. KORECHKOFF et les autorités soviétiques. Les masses des réfugiés russes envisagent cette Union comme une organisation soviétique semi-officielle, par conséquence, ses déclarations revotent à leurs yeux d'une importance considérable. Les affirmations réitérées des agents soviétiques, dans le genre de la lettre publiée par M. KORECHKOJTF ou de la publication annexée, non démenties par qui de droit, peuvent avoir des résul tats graves. Il appert des rapports et de la correspondence privée que nous recevons quotidiennement que les masses des réfugiés russe pQU^x?f°rm * 80n"î; graduellement induites à croire que les agents soviétiques sont simultanément ceux du Haut-Commissariat. Ces masses en déduisent que le Haut-Commissariat do la Société des Na tions pour les Réfugiés Russes est par excellence une organisation r Page 2.- organisation / de repatriement liée, par voie de la compatibilité des fonctions du personnel, avec ce même pouvoir que les réfugiés ont fui. Je ne doute pas que cette conception qui, malheureusement, ne tend nullement à disparaître, ne soit opposée aux désirs du Haut-Commissariat et à l’esprit qui animait la Société des Nations lors de la création de ce dernier. Veuillez bien agréer, Monsieur le Secrétaire, l ’assurance de ma parfaite considération. Délégué. I R A D-9-0-2 I 0 1I_« NOTICE SUR LES CONDITIONS CONTRACTUELLES *) COIICLUES ENTRE LE DR.NANoEN ET G.V.TC1IITCHEHIHE AU SUJET DU REPATRIEMENT* et ! n e aE=’veemem=IirS=e=; confirme générale aboriginals S r ‘uîe™ “ °oS«pé’ï L é^ e S îlgo&lïï. doïvnt aollioiter une amniaUe 16 lt“ r S ^ é % i t ï = ï ” ;é¥;=î?Sr;.Ï.A.I. à Koatov est ohar6s a, oontr31e “• s*,-®is^ss^:o«u-stiisa“îi«- i-^2isiy5iîsissoïî*s: rapatriés. JLscSElf HEHHi! E-EI°E^=pâéhn^ utile au Haut-Commissariat à Genève et également aux:sJg|*®entant ï^srs/psssî1^» .e™.» »== ““ ïfïïle rfïït^ L é ^ X Æ u f oo»™! expédié ie ehoislr, aprèa le *£«*»- ment, une petite délégation (pas plus de 5 pour 1000) pour rapporter cueil accordé. Les autres règles sur le repatriement, par “ erop!^, la déo^ratirodeVal.- sence de contrainte au repatriement, concernent la procédure intérims de la Mission du Dr. NAMSEN. *) L'accord fondamental a été conclu à Berlin uu mois de juillet de l'an née courante et signé par N .N.KRESTINSKY et M. IBICK. ^présentant du Dr. NANSEN : pendant les mois d'uout ot septembre il a été complété par des ré ponaes écrites de G.V.TCHITGHERINB aux propositions du Dr. imiaMi. ioür traduction Xoonforme: * \ (A.P.Polounine), Secrétaire du Délégué de la S.R.C.R. (a.o.) auprès des Institutions Internationales û G E N E V E. oz z|j|p ii| - Bssaipv irîPQMSS 3IC& For !tanaen frou colliaa «idote PuraomrJ top Car rowtrltttecl rftfusoea dealvo exprea» alnc-vreat thanko Doctor üanaen pur a -raph Pleûae Instruct lùoaoow that Soviet r^-y Tii-ruour cues irovorosalak ahip Voare ne arranged ünuaote i £ - -I'r ■ < w w - / 9 3 0 . / < o | V . ^ M 9 j T ^ w V o i — -- -, c ^ v -v A ^ r < Z Z p ,\j-L x tK^so’ '*■*■’—'^0 _0 ^?--r '-i—-V- .— ^ f 6 ^* - ^ — <^/VL e L < > - x > ^ 4-»-v^ '1—"BL C'\'u*‘ a^ u- Mf.ri ' — —e ? ( - j t X . ' , f r £ - .,■> •%-*_ j ' V A M ^ o 'I <<-<-*-l . o Cei- l Iï l Cjf,xAs*lur^ O^- L - ^ (-' 61rj<.tT c L ' ^ ~ e ^ _ «,.. .f c • < ^ ^ > < . 4-^/0 o^e- p ^ n ^ Q e u v u *~ &.*£*. ry-r-^n-^iz^tr Æ _ t „ K < U x ^ . e J r c ^ y . $ »_,/., J. *■ K” ' ■ **~-e~;iW. k » w • > , ^ «- H-l-V, (L, w -w w >-..-.-', I i t i ' ( / C c |l( tC /'i«.K vo« I C k-~3".,-'U- —-. l^. a.r u*~cU*.r CÆ^ . -/<+, £S»<^GïtUli.. ■ g 4 »A < ^ 1 ( L 3 . U . ' ' •- «- i - it u -<— - * - j | U-tl •'• Y* f(L- / . I '-L-h— ■ 1 ...... f ^ I £ «- «-*-<- v o-N-u ». r ~ oL~ ao-^^x: cl 'a ^^' - v 6„i P .ÇcAa*-. 3 . I cOLLw h - « - ^ , , ^ h»^-=^- ex ^ x- ,£-< 1 /Vw-tc^. fr ^ ft -»• „ . . Ç^Xr*y— I ^^nS Vt’v ^t" Gv-yVvt M-*-,„i— ^VvVT CsTpisL^ oLL^ O^-- ^e^JL. ^ ~7^v€v4- £xx. ,1 CU^VZSS? I cL~ Îx r. A r u YOUR W aie MOST DSaiRikBLB ADHSiiS BTHlCTM Tati SHILLtHO UÜB?it 1301X09 JQHflSOH 189 r 1 2 ,%U\ i W J B t! raw '. "inFfll. poayoïl/rsTfc yni- — r -np.«„|u Vaoinioft aiimmln nrorrrom, Jlimi Hauift ni; D D D O JirapiW . I Coioaa Boanparaoiiiii na po.iiiny u t Pocciio • “ KjxkTj y .ko coo6iun.iocb, noca Ii o | y-ftwuicn. iiiriTonrnoo noninccriio pyccniivr,, | ’ ■ pyco.roil KOMHccht no v.iaith ci, IIcTpnoBHifb ivrajifioaincK ifi na.\rfcpoin, n My deur Collina, Very many thunka for your le tte r no. 160 of the 13th in stan t, enclosing copy of Baker's re port regofding the arrangements made for the recent repatriation of gone 761 Ruaoian refugeea from Bulgaria oti board the 3 .3. "VRîfA". le moat ainoerely congratulate yon on securing a further redaction on the quotation inatie by the a hipping company, but cannot quite understand why -re were chnrged 24,000 levas (or £36.) in respect of the 240 refugeea who did not aa 11. It rather looks on the fac6 of it aa i f thia should have be n a reduction, aa the whole freight for the 1000 «p^eara to have been vharsed also. Perhaps you w ill le t we have a line clearing up thia •I'ith referonc • to Koreachkoff1 a enquiry as to • hether tho UiPh comuiaaariat will assist financially in connection with tho 1500 people ho propoaes to re p atriat evr-ry fortnight, I fear that Dr. Nun a on ia -loro or leaa definitely engf-ved to the extent of 10/- ner head. On the other hand, when thia promiae was originally made in Jentember last, it vvna on the distinct understanding. aa you w ill ro .ember, that the Buiaarian Government should receive 50 refugeea without rayai ant from Constantinople for ever.. 100 repatriated from Bulgaria. It -ias such an arran -emont which made it poaaible for ua to allocate £5000. from the Conatantinople Evacuation Fund. as you knovi, however, in view of the c ritic a l aituation which arose in Conatantinorle daring Lr. Nanaen'o v is it, he made an emergency arran anmant v/ith tie Buloarian Oovornaent for the tran sfer of 5000 re fu s e s from C/ple to 3ulcuria, involving an expenditure of £15,000 and thua swallowing up the sum which -vas intended or rep atriatio n oxi'enses. Tho result is that we stand more or loss engaged via—'-v ia the refugees to bo repatriated from Bulgaria without apparently any compensation from the Bui gtrian Government. I should be very grateful indeed i f you would consider this -lat’.er very carefully and aee whether It w ill be poaaible for the Bui«arian (îovern:ænt to adhere to the original understanding which was o rri”et; a t between -r . tlanaen and U. Tod oroff in ijeptember, otherwioe we atanc to loae about £5000 on thia ve ture. ouId it be poaa Ible for you to get the Bulgarian Ooverninent to apply th ia arrangement in connection with the present transféra i t Hu -ainn refugeea from Constantinople, t)ua f-nabllni? uo to :ueet the re ictriati* exponaea from the £15,000 allocated for the laa t 5000 transfer? 3,ft. CO .'.IN ;, Saq., fi rue Shenova, 30 'L \.- "1 A3 regarda Koresohkoff's suggestion that onr Bel grade Office ahould occupy i t s e l f with the organia- atlon of refugees from Yusoalavia, I see no partlo u lar objection to thla In principle, but on the dlatlnct underatanding that we undertake no financial responsibility In the matter. ()n tho other hand, I do not aee ho»/ I t would be possible to put auch an arrangement Into fbroe until the soviet authorltlea receive permission to establish a repatriation delegate , In Yugoslavia, which doea not oeon to be vory feaalble V> \x for the tine being. I have nl ready written to 3worn«r on thla subject and aaked him to take monaures to prevent Ruajian refugees In Ymlaanvla from filtering into Bulgaria and securing re p atriatio n from that country under our contributory scheme. I also write to you on thla matter and ahall be very glnd Indeed If you will co-operate with -^werner to prevant any abuee of thla nature. 171 th reference to K'a third su*gestion, I really do not aee that we can agree to regular fortnightly or monthly sailin g s. Certainly not, i f boats have to bo chartorod on our responsibility, as we may be faced with commit me ta aa in theca e of the "V RlfA in respect of the 1000 refugees, to find that only 700 or even less are prepared to leave. a Koreachkoff has no financial reaponjlbillty in thla matter he ia naturally very prolific in ideas. I transmitted to Moscow your personal telegram to l>r. Hansen, with reference to waiving the harbour dues in respect of the "VARflA". "7ith kinil regards. Yours sincerely.m $erfrefungbe*:8iWerbimbe$ 1 2 3 e r tin 0 2 5 3 1 1 , ben fiir $lü*lltep«dngeleg«nliritra sM„l88rJttr ®tra|>. 30 * > 3mlnim 6900, «wmiat so*>, 531 x Tvjl P : ui "ur 1 - r -v, t Ou iüo.ire 'àjoi t. < 1 . ^ v i. : ' 5 Je ,v " publiée hier pur un jour nul russe de ?erlin et do Kit vov.y X V trouverez sous pli 1 : t t-.; et . 7 La ¥ quelle, ut fois de plu s, les activités au Haut Jol' is s s i r i ‘auz. l'ai relevé 1 î^ractère tend ■ ' ■ . tte journal q. et fu it re s s o rtir siue la cirtfôv.st-ince que ..Mo Haut Co.i.iüissÂls en favorisant vjuérale uent tous 1er. déple ce '.ne r.ts u tile s c if giés, c it t ’S autre! 1 " - ■ -x ' t ' d ' au c ç . .. r quai if 3 c ar i 3 3ooi ' „ qui 1, t, serait tible -aien1 . ; ' ur ■ i sueur qu'ils appréhendent.. ^ Veui 13 32 agréer, 1* ' considéra tien, Haut Coûtais s-'ire. Adjoint pour Jo . .:/•* 1 : o offerts rev?oublJs ùû 1-. i-roi. i '• par . 3 ai i q. l'A iati pour le Retour dans le P a trie " n'ont eu. pour result^ ; épart d1 uéf ' î, M* 3 t à tu o 1 i k y a 1 ' i ' 'exit -U'iûe . 1s d a tio n co:;;^lM,e de -o: a^it-Aion "■ r-.-vi-vi de 1- re_ f. t r i ;; tiw . cas où 2:\ I 'y refi ', seront expulsés de Bulgarie s- os ret rd. JHG/AT/202, Janaary. îOt'a INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE HOR RUSSIAN RELIEF Nansen Mission My dear Johnson MEHWHAPOAHblM HOMMTET nOMOLUM r0/10AAK)LHMM. I enolose for your information : MMCCHfl HAHCEHA. t/iabhoe BIOPO hom hteta 1 ) report Mr; Simonett dated 1 5th January v i th Bo^biuafl HMKMTCKan 4 3 a , enclosures and photographs, 2 ) report by Mr.Simonett dated I7th January, 3) » » » » 11 21 st '» 4) letter dated 30th January to Mr. Patohukanis regard ing payment of harbour dues at Hovorossisk on steamers carrying emigrants. Mr.Simonett informs me that the 10 delegates from among the Kouban Cossacks who were to report on the reception of the refugees in Hovorossisk have not yet left Bulgaria as they do not seem to be informed that they can secure a return visa. Three Cossacks who arrived with the men included in the attached list have however returned to V a m a to report. In conversation with Simonett I gather that he considers that for questions concerning executive detail it would be advisable if a closer liaison could be established between Baker in Varna- and Simonett in Hovorossisk especially in the matter of furnishing lists of the menarriving in each transport, indeed it appears that Baker does not seem to know that we have a representative in Hovorossisk for repatriation, Simonett points out that it would be an advantage if the steamers carrying emigrants were consigned to the Government Repatriation Authority in Hovorossisk and to the Hansen Representative in Hovorossisk,it however being made quite clear to the captain that the Hansen Organisation are not responsible for any dues. I understand that there are about 500 officers in Bulgaria now waiting to proceed to Russia and it rould be quite useful if we could have a list of these names together with the other men who may he proceoding in n ' 't o w * ' ^ the next few monhhs em JLt « e u rth ! appear1? wa a r>»41y that the^liats we have reoeived wore not complete* /xotifcCÙJL We should also be very glad to know exactly the form tho^examination tie Russian representative in Varna takes - perhaps you could ask Mr Collins or Mr Baker to report to us through you on this subject. Dr. Hansen saw Mr Karachan and Mr. Pachukanis on the 25th January and he agreed to send a telegram to Collins Urging him to expedite the departure of the refugees from Bulgaria. Karachan complained that there was unnecessary delay in the repatriation and asked that prompt measures should be taken as the emigrants will be useful for the spring work on the land. I understand from Dr, Kanseji that the refugees have a very miserable time in Bulgaria so that the^position of the Don areas does not assume the relative importance that it did. y , If any extensive movement is likely to take place/ it might perhaps be possible for Collins to arrange an emigrants camp at Va ma so that the steamers can come with a full complement of emigrants. VVo-fn-A/ barracks^which might be made available by the Bulgarian Government for this purpose* This however lies within Collins province rather than in mine and I merely throw out the suggestion* Yours sincerely, iRVTH T,S’,Johnson, Esq. league of nations,(Russian Refugees) G E II E V A. Novonbssiisk ,15-th .Tenuity 1923 . Hj p »triation ol‘ Cossacks Ko.4 \ y Arrival in ' ovcrossi isV- of th- first transport of Russian ref\irees . by n/s "v»rn<>" January TC-tl. 192'ô. J anus ry the ] O-th et 152 oJ-olock I noticed e steamer in the he ri) our «incl on my enquiries found out thet it «%3 the s/a "V»rna" with Russian refugees.My te lephoning to the GPU and to the Linpunkt had no result.On theway to these institutions I s» w thatthe bon t was landing,so J stopped on the quay end waited for the arrival of the Soviet represnntatives.&t I -2 o ' clock ^ir. Kogan, M r .Tolsky the chief of the Ispolkom nnd • member of the communist ic*fparty turned up and ware greeted by the refugees wibh the singing of the internstfb nal.On the steamer first T’ol; y held a speech explaining thesSite of affairs in Russia,reminding the refugees not to expect streams of milk end honey but hardship end h*rd work.Kog-n pointed out thet the Tcheke i.e.O?TT is not such n dreadful institution ^s they make it abroad,on the contrary all thrbe who are willing to work with the 'oviets will find help in tibia institution,those who came with bad intentions however shell be severely treated.*a T was there Kogan asked rie to address a few words to the Possèdes,so T welcomed them on Russian territory in the me of Or.Nansen and asked them to show their gra titude for the great work done re their repatriation by Dr.Nansen end the Sovieteuthorities by doing their utmost for the benefit of their country. Some of th»i G ossa cks answered and one of them worked himself i nd a pert of t)e audience i^tp to tears when he came to speak of their hardships sbroad as c;sis sway ana of their rediness for sacrifices for their country.The speeches en ded at half past t.o with th •• singi.xg of tl * International . In order to move the off&cials to their work 1 drove v.i th Kogan to the O^U »nd arranged there with Stepanow to meet on the steamer at 5 o 'clocks3nee he could not t*ke the people off the boat before next morning at 10 o ' clock. te pano’.v doubted whether thern were promises with enough room for such a great number of Oo*?sacVfl »nd only when I mentioned the Kuhrh-us which I he.d visited a fev diys ego with Kilippow of the Linpunkt,Kogen told him that this iv.es ti in to be nettled l-y if ! inpunkt.To make sure that the Kuhrhaus »i.s at hheâdisosaïlof the Lin punkt es i-ilippo^ had assured me I went tc him -«nd told him of th* arrival of 732 refugees nnd of the arrangements with ’tapanow for the next day.Again I received from him th* assurance that not only th» Xuhrhaus but »lso other premises are ?t his disposal.At 5 o'clock I *hiet Stepanow on the steamer m d 0et tociiuuint.ui with tho 3 le,id*rs of the transport,Costiook, n>vatikoff .r-nd Setoff who are allowed te return to Bulg*ria.They do not belong to the dele gation of the ten for which the permission to return to Bulgaria h-^3 been granted by the Russian Government.This permit has not yet reached Bulgaria as these TO dleg- tes who *:re speccially appointed by the Couban Cossacks are • still welting in Bulgaria for its arrival.I suppose th-t by this time they will have got it? The 3 men Ï mentioned are of the Union for returning home with « bo-rd of Vdircctors in "ofia -nd in nil pla ces in Bulgaria with refugees .This organisation is said to be much more "im portant than the Cossack cor oration which will be swallowed up in time by the Union. Costiook gave me the following items of the transport : 699 refugees as per lists 2 women on the lists together with their husbands 51 children total 732 Of this tot»l T infirmed you by my wire in translation "Tenth midday arrived with steamer Varna 7312 refugees debarkation eleventh" "wire by Sofia to Varna for Hed Gross and steamshipcomp-ny safe -rrival of" "steamer" Costiook h»d lists only for the Soviet authorities -nd by compa iring them with mine I found that whilst my 1-st No.was 1000 his w-s 7f87.Ih-d to »sk - T / — him to complete my list as he would not part wit!. hia bocr se same had alrerv.iy been put nt the disposal o f the -.ovietrepre -entativu. ^ e n you were in ’ ovorossish we arranged that list ; of the refu ;ues shoi: U ue brought by the steamer for the 1ansen representative nere,butas no thing has oome t permitted myself to - idross my request to Mr. . . laker, y % Varna as per enclosed c o p y .î r .Bakei will got my 1 ett t] returnin s . ’'arr.a' so that v. i ti, thts next steamer 1 hope to get the respective list •. >, t this occasion 1 would ask you to Rend me tor rpy p-ui dance a copy of your instruction;: river, abroad. • enarture fro':. Yarns."'he steamer left "arn- on January 6-th late in the evening "sr.:! V:.:!-h"t"to* have been here on the 9 - t h ,hut l' .-r the mist or: the sea and her arrival on the line of mi ne 3 at nightf 11 , ohe came into port only on the "J. " ~t> . The journey from Verna to * ovorossisk under normal conditions shoul 1 r.ot take more than f. days wit: •. rrival at Tovorossisk on the 7 - r ' t this time the yoarx s forms are i'requent on the Black go so that the ships arrive with one or.: days delay ."he s / s . "V iiü" .1 ch rtere : for 1 passengers but "I t V.SO did not r-rr ve i;. time for h ' opar"ure. Co - look explains this b.v the fact that the refugees had already l»en chea- ted twice in October and November hen a great number o refugee g after having riven up their situations waited in vain for bein r shipped. , ome Idft . r iidess at the if ov:n expense but the gréaient part who had no money was obliged to look for a job. -,hr news aliout shipments are telegraphed fro:;, -cm- to tj- e different pla» ces i r. Bulgaria about 2 days before the departure of the steamer." hen the recent news about the starting ii" U e r, v.rnr" reached them a -reft number ol refugees having lost confidence in the exactness of t is > nfor- mation made inquiries before, giving up their work again and by this mi snei the boat. The steamer s already said,having been chaetered for lOf' passengers it is certainly a 3 os* to the Lea.-.uc or Tat ions that only r ! - ve started as the full rare for the 1' • has to he turned over to the «'teamship f o . way ' ") void this would he to open a concentration car .-of which the Bulgarian Government in the interest or the c r u s -,as the captain thinks, would consent to put some barracks in Varna at the disposal of the League of tiono. In this case the refugees could be concentra tod in ”arno two days before the 1eparture of the steamer and an officient control would be possible for .reventing other people but» refttgee : to travel by there steamers if such is disired by the League of Nations, it! the s/s."Varna" arrived 28 people who were not on the lists and h Bulgarians ,\vho were re turned with the ste«?raer. Journey food ration."’he s/s."" rria" received in Vsrria the followin'- ra tion per man f or '£ days Tor 1 passengers 'â kg. of breea luV gr. " sugar from the Bulgarian (Jot-imercinl " . " tea rteamship To. ■j'’" gr. " pore fat 1 kg. " bread from the League of Tati ons '3 there were only rield kitchens,su; f: cier.t for preparing tea w-- ter bU. insufficient for c-okin - food, the above mention 'try food r s delivered for the ref1'-ees. Tor the next journey 2 more kitchens will he added.The quantity o: foci wa° -insufficient for the journey a n ’ a”cr. for one more day in r;ovorossis'<, my request to provide the'- refi-eea with food during the time o thtiii Itay r the gteamez Wi $ not traa nitted to t1:-'- Linpu by the ! and 4a it cfme that some had to go v.-ithout food 6n In order that such occurrence?, be avoided I pointed it oat to /■ per enclosed copy pf my letter to him. .'.leeping aceonodat i or, ."i ■ hoi-.is r f* ht: :-/s rna " 1 hie*- sleep on the floor are spacious ,and sufficiently *':r >nd have electric light. The "1 atrin -I", eve insufficient^ but wi"! 1 Ve proved for next jo *■_ infiitnrv conditions, (iood ,no illness .:'heri wni in üo toi in hoard.Could it ^St V.o pranged" tteT in casr- of - dootor »r ' *«;»» «t ot the refugees accompanies each tr neport wiut a tu id,.in nîhîrkptlon1 Instead oi at lc o' cloc on t : ' Ja - : - i^eb^rkf.tlogj. i i 3^ - ■ • a* « ; v" r xvltii ‘he defcrrkRtion of the rei n - nov came at il and at 1«’ o'ciock .,eg„ri wiu.. , n R . •eee "he Linpunkt after all could not secure promises loi more than 250 pnd therefor^ orilv K4» .ere W « n do»n iron the boat. lesvinn the boat tech had to kafcfl over to Utepanov al) tkei, documents letters,photographs S Ï Ï were in possession.of •'< s they left the boat one by one checked the, with my H a t . O n the pier their tuçeage «ne oarefally looked through .he i ! ri lit V J. 1 o u • • * ui* v- y a 1 v i customhouse arficials.i specially papers .Journals were taken away- The weather was not favorable,': cold i oru-ost V m" i ' ' people walk up and down to .et warm till they were t-K«n to the cam? at 3 o^olock.lbO of them came to the old camp and ICO to a house not far iron, it with 1 larsre rooms and with Boat of the windows broken.The next day these lev refugees! uge were transferred to the another house ir. arebriafrov - skaya,former quartersv.r ovo ftfof soldiers.«ni m erp.. OR the 12th January,-.s nobody had a --saraa on the hoa o to t~.ke down-the ,ramninin:' » i u . refugees and and when when 1 Theard heard -it at tna«.he Linpunkt Linpcrotv t.iat t the GPU had post poned the debarkation to the 13th 1 went to see .r.. i ...) ordered to tertn at once" with the debartetton.Ve himself had settle,, the question wit the uhrhousei. the ■•.orrir.f and secured it for ..I e reterree.lt »».* «1-0 t» the interest of the soviet"revenaient to free the ite-.er at once - M n tte contract of the LeaMue of Nations with the ;,tes»9ht? . w e o per day was stipulated for the stry of the steamer in ovorossiF' exceeding i On"" the 12th howerer only the documents were collected from t! e refugees r- the debarkation tool: plade on the ISth from 10 to : o'cloc! . Alltogether including those who left the steamer o; the l^t... 668 refugees nan. £8 " " women. 18 " "children. $28 " "not on the list. 74£ r” " were disembarked. 5 Bulgarians were returned to Bulgaria. . . Documents.’.aoh refugee had a card o.t membership with has photo of tt.e^ ni- on for return!r.r home':' U n entering the Union each reiugee has to fill oat an enquête,which is sent to the Russian Ued Croa« ir ’.'arr,- vvit. othe do cuments.The KussianJied Cross decides abt repatriation, n the first plan stands the repatriation of tie aoldiers.the officiers come , .erwtrd.i. About h' !' o'l'jciers are waitin'- in Bulgaria their :).T- cst> ror?i .,iot,uo\.. Ceoarture 01 . ”v- - rroa jovorossiajv-’he stesmer lei t on Sunday 14th janttarv abt- ? Vô ï ô S k ,thou*). she was ready . Ira-dy on the 13th au <- o clodr The harbour authorities (Torgport) would not let her star, before settle - ment of HE; ,toldroubles 8n kop.lor ship taxes.The of. p tain had a letter L» from his company to the evfoot that all uhargOB for port taxes In lovoroa Bisk are settled by the League of listions.H< there»ore w^n not provided wtt the ne cesse rv funds to pay the above rentione-.i jnm eque to • !t •• .m i . inià Soviet roubles, which is so high .because -ulgaria has no ; eroial -reaty with Russia. On Saturday we had no succe -:s in sett] it. ti.is ‘ »*"* -*'e Por.roort wool* accept ? uarnnty only from the Volveor fit ■ ..which refu sed to gi*e St me.^h oi ■ t i FI '«t bas t! e )le shippin agencies in the Black ports. , . Only on Sunday with the recommendation of Vo." r. to v I : - ,.e x-winej the interest the Hu^'i^n Government h«-s in connection wit.i. , ri'”' 01 -,.^0 - per dav to "lei the s/s."Varna" start pt once,the -op- ort !«v-te . -v :-up- rantv for the pa- n^ent of the sçold roubles 1or th« ; ' rna" hi ve r e« lly to $e i e nqlpêÿ copy. tun '.rn covered by thfl Uf n nty oi the al i .■ it": . $ h | y Co. from t\e -./apt?.in as per enclosed copy. 4 ,5-he stuamer had no" beer. addre^s-! t. “> any body,neither the -'nptntn nor 1 ad 'i copy Oi the shipping agreement? ;;o we were in -• rather foolish posi tion especially I who acted ei ter all mostly in the interest.. o the Tus- sian 'iovernment ■ . - . to save them 1‘rorr. payin'- the rine t or d«.y fcr east 10 days whlol the settlement of this question would h • ■ t- t. I cannot imagine that the representative of the League oi a tions in Bulga rie contracted with the 1team ship C?o. without ma kin - first ?n - Teemenf ’Ait1, the ) oviet representative there .As t • f e correctness o1 • ilia information have no dou’ ‘.s,because it is quite obvio Ti e that the Russian ’’ overnment has to tear the charges for steamer? hr 1rs'-’in exclusive ly 1 vr.;?ian ref-.gees. It seems that : r. . . ;.«ker in Varna does not know, that a ■•'•nnsen represents tive eyis1 ; in ^ovo »*o-?m sk .and aslhs 1 no time to explain thin- ; ’ •• 'I etter be! orer the s termor 1 eft 1 asked the captain t-i do it verh-ll.v . i a k e d al so to send me ■; copy of the contrast with the "hi pal ng fid. a ai «dvised to address the steamers to the "ansen representstlve in "’ovorossi -ve sha'i L he o;' more importance her and yo L quicker the inf on:;- tlor. •.» • the a r rival oi t!-p s/s.Bosid a -N.Ï a re in ,a posi ti*n to settle for militias easier tf than Huseian officials. fionoluslons .".'he Russian o’" ri ni ^ls do not keen appointements to thn exact ti iv.e owl nr to their inexperience heing mostly very young they -ener.ally do not know hor.’ to arrange things also v.ith the different insti t'Man ;. '.ittle is prepare., in advance,only at the last moment r-.hen t!.e importance o- the matter is evident things get arranged f vide premises ). :'or thi : reason it would he good to have a succession of arriving transports in o**der to keep the officials warmed up tu the work. '"he only energetic officials is Mr.yo gan who makes things yo comparatively smoothly considering th ; difficulti e’ to be overcome.I regret that r.Liergievsky -ias :,een transferred fron the Linpunkt to Fosoow. Enclosed some photographs taken or? the s / s . " Vnrna and 2 news paper cutti rgs abt the arrival of the ref >. yeen. and lists wit! r-c-mé. v our 1 truly 1 epresent»».ti ve i • r. gansen. "’ o ; r . j ohn o rv iu Assistent ’’ U;:, ’O' i as loner îlovorossi sk 17-th January. 1923. uepatric.tion of .:o33HCks N ° 5 . KefuKsea ex a/s. " a ma " . Examination, 1er Kogaa decided to us g the miuêtes o< he / . " cï-osa in Vnrna nnd h-.s nobtliaeJ his wfcoV to m, 1.» out, tl .. p pers for U t refutiees. In this »aj ho hopes to ,.:et the whole transport done in Tie chief^work consists In writing out the protocol ol the exemin^tion the queetionning ■ 1 >out the personality >' ail knowledge oi the refugees, about the serving in the white or red »rmy,when,«here and how long,whether volunteered or mol i Is 1, - they fousl ... : m a t the red army,when and for whilt r, 1301 they left Uussin.,*her- >md how,hov. t.iey e«rned their livlnc abroad and *1 ire,the i mson of their returning home,their feelings towards the . Tl;: - orotocol 13 re-: J to thon; anti signed by t 1 f . te the axnroil tion o f 1 persons which too* near ly ^ hours. o re t tl "o-.rh the examination quicker,with the ”14 refugees lb officials worked from v till 11 o ’clock