DOCSLIB.ORG

Global Net 21 Forum April 5, 2011

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Global Net 21Forum North Korea and the Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime Global Net 21 Forum April 5, 2011 Presenter North Korea has long been a challenge to the next target of the United States if it hung onto Amb. Robert Joseph Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) regime by pur- its WMD program. suing nuclear weapons, withdrawing from the Exposure of the WMD Program In late Moderator NPT, and twice testing nuclear device. On 2003, the Libyans were caught red-handed Young-Sun Ha March 28, 2011, the East Asia Institute invited importing uranium centrifuges from Malaysia. Discussants Ambassador Robert Joseph, former Under Sec- This public exposure by the U.S. and UK intel- Kang Choi retary of State for Arms Control and Interna- ligence services provoked the Gaddafi regime Jaechun Kim Young Ho Kim tional Security under the Bush administration. to be more open about its WMD program Ho Kwon Sang-Hyun Lee He considered some key questions related to Disruption of the A.Q. Khan Network Sook-Jong Lee Seongji Woo the North Korean nuclear crisis such as why Libya’s WMD program was dependent upon a the Six-Party Talks have not worked, what les- single foreign network run by the Pakistani sons can be learnt from previous successful nuclear scientist A.Q. Khan. Having cut off disarmament experiences such as Libya, and this crucial link, the Libyan WMD program what the prospects for the future are. was disrupted. The following is a summary of the pres- Reform and Opening The Gaddafi regime entation by Ambassador Joseph and the at the time was interested in pursuing reforms roundtable discussion with leading South Ko- and opening, including supporting the U.S. rean scholars and experts. Ambassador Jo- War on Terror. seph’s remarks are his own expressed opinions While it is true that all states have differ- and views. ent circumstances, the lessons learned from this case can be applied to others including North Korea. These successes can be effective- This product presents a policy-oriented sum- Summary of the Forum ly applied when the failures of the past are mary of the Global Net 21 Forum. taken into account. The case of Libya’s decision to give up its Wea- Amb. Joseph stated that the Six-Party pons of Mass Destruction (WMD) program in Talks have ended up in failure, but that does The East Asia Institute 2003 has been considered a non-proliferation not mean that the framework of the Talks is at 909 Sampoong B/D 310-68 Euljiro 4-ga success story and held up by policy experts as a fault. Bringing together all the related coun- Jung-gu Seoul 100-786 model for the denuclearization of North Korea. tries with North Korea is the right way to ap- Republic of Korea Understanding the causes and motivations of proach the problem. However, it has been the © EAI 2011 the Libyan government in making this strategic policy and actions of various countries, in- decision is important and a closer analysis of cluding the United States which has resulted the events at the time indicates four factors in North Korea expanding and enhancing its involved in Libya’s decision. nuclear capability as opposed to giving it up. Invasion of Iraq There was great fear The Six-Party Talks have achieved nothing www.eai.or.kr within the Gaddafi regime that it would be the because of its repeated cycle of provocation, 1 negotiation, lack of verification, withdrawal, About the Speaker and again provocation. In fact, this cycle has Amb. Robert Joseph worked in North Korea’s favor to the extent Robert Joseph is Senior Scholar at the Nation- that it views possession of nuclear weapons as al Institute for Public Policy and Professor in a golden goose that it will not give up. Moving the Graduate Department of Defense and on from the failures of the past and applying Strategic Studies (Missouri State University). these lessons, there are three ways to make the Prior to July 2007, Ambassador Joseph served Six-Party Talks a success. as U.S. Special Envoy for Nuclear Nonprolife- Resolute Approach The United States ration, Under Secretary of State for Arms needs to be perceived as serious when nego- Control and International Security, and Spe- tiating in the Six-Party Talks. cial Assistant to the President and Senior Di- Multiple Instruments of Power Skilled use rector for Proliferation Strategy, Counterproli- of multiples instruments of state power will feration and Homeland Defense in the Na- help apply real pressure on North Korea; this tional Security Council. Amb. Joseph received includes diplomacy, economic tools, intelli- his M.A. from the University of Chicago and gence, and military force. Ph.D. from Columbia University. Amb. Jo- The Right Strategy There is a need for a seph authored a book recounting and assess- clear strategy to denuclearize North Korea, ing some of his counterproliferation expe- simply participating in the Six-Party Talk rience, Countering WMD: The Libyan Expe- themselves is not a strategy. rience (National Institute Press, 2009). In addition to a new approach to the Six- Party Talks, the role of China is critical for Moderator pressuring North Korea. Following North Ko- Young-Sun Ha rea’s nuclear test in 2006, Beijing showed a - Seoul National University willingness to pressure Pyongyang through supporting UN sanctions. This stands in con- Discussants trast to the situation following the sinking of Kang Choi Cheonan in 2010 where China has shown little - Institute of Foreign Affairs and National Security interest in pressuring the North Korean re- Jaechun Kim gime. Currently, there are no consequences for - Sogang University China if they do not pressure the North. What Young Ho Kim will be required are coordinated efforts to en- - Korea National Defense University courage China to back efforts to pressure Ho Kwon North Korea. ■ - JoongAng Ilbo Sang-Hyun Lee - Sejong Institute Sook-Jong Lee - East Asia Institute Seongji Woo - Kyunghee University Prepared by the Asia Security Initiative Research Center at the East Asia Institute. As an Asia Security Initiative core institution, the East Asia Institute ac- knowledges the grant support from the MacArthur Foundation that made this event possible. The East Asia Institute takes no institutional position on policy issues and has no affiliation with the Korean government. This report is produced by Jina Kim and Stephen Ranger. 2.
Recommended publications
  • Annual Report

    Annual Report

    COUNCIL ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ANNUAL REPORT July 1,1996-June 30,1997 Main Office Washington Office The Harold Pratt House 1779 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W. 58 East 68th Street, New York, NY 10021 Washington, DC 20036 Tel. (212) 434-9400; Fax (212) 861-1789 Tel. (202) 518-3400; Fax (202) 986-2984 Website www. foreignrela tions. org e-mail publicaffairs@email. cfr. org OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS, 1997-98 Officers Directors Charlayne Hunter-Gault Peter G. Peterson Term Expiring 1998 Frank Savage* Chairman of the Board Peggy Dulany Laura D'Andrea Tyson Maurice R. Greenberg Robert F Erburu Leslie H. Gelb Vice Chairman Karen Elliott House ex officio Leslie H. Gelb Joshua Lederberg President Vincent A. Mai Honorary Officers Michael P Peters Garrick Utley and Directors Emeriti Senior Vice President Term Expiring 1999 Douglas Dillon and Chief Operating Officer Carla A. Hills Caryl R Haskins Alton Frye Robert D. Hormats Grayson Kirk Senior Vice President William J. McDonough Charles McC. Mathias, Jr. Paula J. Dobriansky Theodore C. Sorensen James A. Perkins Vice President, Washington Program George Soros David Rockefeller Gary C. Hufbauer Paul A. Volcker Honorary Chairman Vice President, Director of Studies Robert A. Scalapino Term Expiring 2000 David Kellogg Cyrus R. Vance Jessica R Einhorn Vice President, Communications Glenn E. Watts and Corporate Affairs Louis V Gerstner, Jr. Abraham F. Lowenthal Hanna Holborn Gray Vice President and Maurice R. Greenberg Deputy National Director George J. Mitchell Janice L. Murray Warren B. Rudman Vice President and Treasurer Term Expiring 2001 Karen M. Sughrue Lee Cullum Vice President, Programs Mario L. Baeza and Media Projects Thomas R.
  • Full Complaint

    Full Complaint

    Case 1:18-cv-01612-CKK Document 11 Filed 11/17/18 Page 1 of 602 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA ESTATE OF ROBERT P. HARTWICK, § HALEY RUSSELL, HANNAH § HARTWICK, LINDA K. HARTWICK, § ROBERT A. HARTWICK, SHARON § SCHINETHA STALLWORTH, § ANDREW JOHN LENZ, ARAGORN § THOR WOLD, CATHERINE S. WOLD, § CORY ROBERT HOWARD, DALE M. § HINKLEY, MARK HOWARD BEYERS, § DENISE BEYERS, EARL ANTHONY § MCCRACKEN, JASON THOMAS § WOODLIFF, JIMMY OWEKA OCHAN, § JOHN WILLIAM FUHRMAN, JOSHUA § CRUTCHER, LARRY CRUTCHER, § JOSHUA MITCHELL ROUNTREE, § LEIGH ROUNTREE, KADE L. § PLAINTIFFS’ HINKHOUSE, RICHARD HINKHOUSE, § SECOND AMENDED SUSAN HINKHOUSE, BRANDON § COMPLAINT HINKHOUSE, CHAD HINKHOUSE, § LISA HILL BAZAN, LATHAN HILL, § LAURENCE HILL, CATHLEEN HOLY, § Case No.: 1:18-cv-01612-CKK EDWARD PULIDO, KAREN PULIDO, § K.P., A MINOR CHILD, MANUEL § Hon. Colleen Kollar-Kotelly PULIDO, ANGELITA PULIDO § RIVERA, MANUEL “MANNIE” § PULIDO, YADIRA HOLMES, § MATTHEW WALKER GOWIN, § AMANDA LYNN GOWIN, SHAUN D. § GARRY, S.D., A MINOR CHILD, SUSAN § GARRY, ROBERT GARRY, PATRICK § GARRY, MEGHAN GARRY, BRIDGET § GARRY, GILBERT MATTHEW § BOYNTON, SOFIA T. BOYNTON, § BRIAN MICHAEL YORK, JESSE D. § CORTRIGHT, JOSEPH CORTRIGHT, § DIANA HOTALING, HANNA § CORTRIGHT, MICHAELA § CORTRIGHT, LEONDRAE DEMORRIS § RICE, ESTATE OF NICHOLAS § WILLIAM BAART BLOEM, ALCIDES § ALEXANDER BLOEM, DEBRA LEIGH § BLOEM, ALCIDES NICHOLAS § BLOEM, JR., VICTORIA LETHA § Case 1:18-cv-01612-CKK Document 11 Filed 11/17/18 Page 2 of 602 BLOEM, FLORENCE ELIZABETH § BLOEM, CATHERINE GRACE § BLOEM, SARA ANTONIA BLOEM, § RACHEL GABRIELA BLOEM, S.R.B., A § MINOR CHILD, CHRISTINA JEWEL § CHARLSON, JULIANA JOY SMITH, § RANDALL JOSEPH BENNETT, II, § STACEY DARRELL RICE, BRENT § JASON WALKER, LELAND WALKER, § SUSAN WALKER, BENJAMIN § WALKER, KYLE WALKER, GARY § WHITE, VANESSA WHITE, ROYETTA § WHITE, A.W., A MINOR CHILD, § CHRISTOPHER F.
  • View Program (PDF)

    View Program (PDF)

    University of Colorado Colorado Springs DECEMBER 20, 2013 CommenCement From The RegenTS Of The UniversiTy to The Class Of 2013 Dear Graduate, one of the greatest honors for the University of Colorado Board of Regents, the institution’s governing board, is to be part of a graduation ceremony. Your success is a success for us all. Your degree is a measure not only of an accomplishment of dedication and talent, but also notice to the world that you have the intellectual gifts and discipline to contribute greatly to our community. Your commencement ceremony, like every University of Colorado graduation since 1935, will close with the reading of the timeless norlin Charge. today “marks your initiation in the fullest sense of the fellowship of the university, as bearers of her torch, as centers of her influence, as promoters of her spirit.” each year, the University of Colorado grants thousands of bachelor’s, master’s, professional and doctoral degrees to some of the greatest minds in our country and the world. today, we proudly add your name to this notable group of individuals. Congratulations on your hard-earned accomplishment. The RegenTS Of The UniversiTy Of COloradO Back Row: Steve Bosley, At large (longmont); James geddes, district 6 (Sedalia); Stephen ludwig, At large (denver), glen gallegos, district 3 (grand Junction). front Row: Kyle hybl, district 5 (Colorado Springs); irene griego, district 7 (lakewood); michael Carrigan, Chair, district 1 (denver); Sue Sharkey, vice Chair, district 4 (Windsor); Joseph neguse, district 2 (Boulder). ORDER OF EXERCISES ROBERT VON DASSANOWSKY, COMMENCEMENT MARSHAL UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO COLORADO SPRINGS FACULTY AWARD FOR EXCELLENCE IN RESEARCH - 2013 Prelude Instrumental Music Visual and Performing Arts Honors Ensemble Music Program Coordinator, Colin McAllister Joseph Navarro - piano, Hannah Burlew - soprano, Therese Carmack - soprano, Brent Wollman - guitar/computer music, Benito Vena – saxophone Processional Pomp and Circumstance Military March No 1 in D, Op 39, No 1 – Arranged by Joseph Prostakoff .
  • Particular, Anti-American Policies And, in the Process, Have Attacked American Allies in the Middle East and Elsewhere

    Particular, Anti-American Policies And, in the Process, Have Attacked American Allies in the Middle East and Elsewhere

    1999–2001 NATO-EAPC Research Fellowship The Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction in the Mediterranean: Security Challenges to NATO Maria do Céu de Pinho Ferreira Pinto, PhD Assistant Prof. University of Minho, Braga Portugal June 2001 1 INDEX ABSTRACT........................................................................................................................................2 I. WEAPONS PROLIFERATION IN THE POST-COLD WAR WORLD .................................4 I. 1. WMD PROLIFERATION: AN EMERGING CONCERN ....................................................5 I. 2. TRACKING THE DEBATE ON WMD...................................................................................8 I. 3. NATO´S RESPONSE TO THE WMD PROLIFERATION CONCERN............................12 II. EXPLAINING THE PROLIFERATION OF WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN ..............................................................................................................21 II. 1. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CURRENT ARMS RACE ..............................................21 II. 2. INCENTIVES IN THE PROLIFERATION ENVIRONMENT.........................................26 II. 3. AN UNSTABLE AND UNPREDICTABLE REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT...................30 III. ASSESSING MASS DESTRUCTION CAPABILITIES AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN ..............................................................................................................33 III. 1. THE CURRENT STATUS OF WMD IN THE REGION .................................................33 III. 2.
  • OCCASIONAL PAPER 1802 Intelligence and Policy Community Cooperation in the Libya WMD Disarmament Case William Tobey

    OCCASIONAL PAPER 1802 Intelligence and Policy Community Cooperation in the Libya WMD Disarmament Case William Tobey

    OCCASIONAL PAPER 1802 Intelligence and Policy Community Cooperation in the Libya WMD Disarmament Case William Tobey June 2018 Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Intelligence and Policy Community Cooperation in the Libya WMD Disarmament Case by William Tobey Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Occasional Paper 1802 June 2018 Series Editor: Henry D. Sokolski Copyright © 2018 by Henry D. Sokolski Nonproliferation Policy Education Center Arlington, VA 22209 www.npolicy.org Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writting from the Nonproliferation Policy Education Center. Cover images, from top left clockwise: 1) Former Libyan President Muammar al-Gadhafi; 2) U.S. President George W. Bush tours a display of materials and equipment collected in Libya with the Man- ager of National Security Advanced Technologies, Jon Kreykes, in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, July 12, 2004; 3) BBC China cargo vessel; and 4) Gas centrifuges for uranium enrichment recovered from BBC China in Italy, en route to Libya, in 2003. Nonproliferation Policy Education Center The Nonproliferation Policy Education Center (NPEC), a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization, is a nonpartisan, educational organization founded in 1994 to promote a better understanding of strategic weapons proliferation issues. NPEC educates policymakers, journalists, and university professors about proliferation threats and possible
  • The Need to Counter Space Terrorism – a European Perspective

    The Need to Counter Space Terrorism – a European Perspective

    The Need to Counter Space Terrorism – A European Perspective E S P I PERSPECTIVES 17 The Need to Counter Space Terrorism – A European Perspective Nina-Louisa REMUSS, Project Manager at ESPI The risk of terrorism spilling over from Earth to space is real and latent. However, the threat of “Space Terrorism” is currently to a large degree neglected by decision-makers. While security studies scholars have come to accept that actors and forms of threats changed after the end of the Cold War, space security studies lag behind this development and analyses the threat from State actors only. There is a need for a revised definition of “security” in space security studies. “Space Terrorism” is a timely topic especially in the light of the recent ESA Council Meeting at Ministerial level, which decided on the introduction of a preparatory programme on Space Situational Awareness (SSA) as well as the U.S.’ discussions on the reform of the U.S. export control system. Given the increased use of space for security purposes through programmes like Galileo and GMES, the upcoming Czech EU Presidency together with the other EU Member States and supported by the European Parliament has to address “Space Terrorism”, through the introduction of effective counter measures to protect satellites. It is frequently recalled that “Operation Desert are both motivated and capable of conducting a Storm” revealed to the world the great U.S. terrorist attack in space. Countering the space dependency and the resulting U.S. argument of fighting weaponisation through vulnerability. An adversary with the right weaponisation, it is argued that any space expertise could exploit this vulnerability by policy needs to be adapted to the new post- developing countermeasures against U.S.
  • Alumni Awards Gala

    Alumni Awards Gala

    THE th TULANE47 UNIVERSITY ALUMNI AWARDS GALA APRIL 21, 2021 Welcome 6:30 p.m. THE Chris Ralston (L *99) and Erica Washington (PHTM *09), th President and Immediate Past President, Tulane Alumni Association Presentation of Awards Tulane School International Award for TULANE47 UNIVERSITY of Public Health Exceptional Achievement and Tropical Medicine Outstanding Alumni Award Motez A. Bishara (B *95) Presented by Erica Washington (PHTM *09), Maurice L. Lagarde III Immediate Past President, Tulane Alumni Association (A&S ’79, PHTM *82) Presented by Thomas LaVeist, Dean of the Tulane University School of Scott Cowen Service Award ALUMNI Public Health and Tropical Medicine and the Weatherhead Presidential Chair In Health Equity D. Melessa Phillips (NC ’69, M *73) Presented by Erica Washington (PHTM *09), Tulane Medical Immediate Past President, AWARDS Tulane Alumni Association Alumni Association Outstanding Alumni Award Bobby Boudreau Spirit Award GALA A. Oliver Sartor (M *82, R *86) Jennifer J. Kottler (NC ’83, B *84) Presented by Lee Hamm, Senior Vice President and Dean of the Tulane Robert M. Kottler (B ’81, B *83) University School of Medicine and the James R. Presented by President Michael A. Fitts, Doty Distinguished Professor and Chair Tulane University Broadcast from The National WWII Museum Tulane 34 Awards Lisa Jackson Professional US Freedom Pavilion: The Boeing Center Class of 2021 & 2020 Achievement Award Presented by Carolyn Barber-Pierre (H ’18), New Orleans, Louisiana Assistant Vice President for Intercultural Life Karen B. DeSalvo in the Division of Student Affairs (M *92, PHTM *92, R *94, R *96) Presented by President Michael A. Fitts, Robert V.
  • 100819 Minot Task Force 21 and Geostrategic Analysis Triad Nuclear

    100819 Minot Task Force 21 and Geostrategic Analysis Triad Nuclear

    100819 Minot Task Force 21 and Geostrategic Analysis Triad Nuclear Modernization Conference with Former Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security Robert Joseph, Senior Scholar at the National Institute for Public Policy MR. TOM RAFFERTY: Good afternoon. My name is Tom Rafferty and I’m with Task Force 21. I live in Minot, North Dakota, but in my formative years I did live on the Minot Air Force Base. My dad was in missile maintenance. I lived there until about the second grade. It has been fun reminiscing and making connections with some people at my table. Colonel Morgan was there when I was there, but I was probably about this tall or so. Anyway, North Dakotans like making connections. Our next speaker has a great connection to North Dakota, as in he’s from North Dakota. I’m going to introduce Ambassador Bob Joseph. He is a former Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security. He attended the U.S. Naval Academy, and has had a long and distinguished career in national security affairs, especially in nuclear deterrence, arms control and nonproliferation. He is from Williston, North Dakota. Please welcome Ambassador Bob Joseph. (Applause). MR. ROBERT JOSEPH: Good afternoon. I was back in Williston two weeks ago and the sun was shining and it was shirt sleeve weather. I see that things have changed a little bit, but coming from North Dakota I’m very much used to those types of changes. Thank you for the kind introduction. I’ve had the great fortune of working with both Roger and John over the course of the last 30 years.
  • US Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence: Realist Versus Utopian

    US Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence: Realist Versus Utopian

    Views US Nuclear Weapons and Deterrence Realist versus Utopian Thinking© Dr. Keith B. Payne debate over the future of the US nuclear arsenal is at a pivotal moment. The Obama administration has proposed to Congress a budget that calls for mod- ernization of the US “nuclear triad” of missiles, submarines, and bombers. AThis proposal is notable because presidential administrations and Congress have largely neglected US nuclear forces for over two decades; consequently, each part of the triad has aged or is aging rapidly, and according to National Security and Nuclear Weapons in the 21st Century (2008), “The United States does not have the ability to produce new nuclear weapons.”1 The Congressional Budget Office notes that the Department of Defense will spend $15.4 billion on nuclear-weapons modernization in 2015—less than 3 percent of the department’s budget—and only slightly more ($15.9 billion) in fiscal year 2016. If the fledgling programs now requested are killed or further delayed, the US nuclear arsenal—already reduced by 80 percent since the end of the Cold War—will be further disarmed by neglect as the aging missiles, submarines, and bombers reach the end of their scheduled and extended service lives.2 The congressional defense budget hearings now under way reveal the fragility of the multiyear US nuclear modernization plan. For example, Frank Kendall, under- secretary of defense for acquisition, technology, and logistics, reported to the Senate that under current defense budget projections, the United States will have “afford- ability problems” in producing the replacement for the existing submarine element of the nuclear triad.3 © National Institute for Public Policy, 2015.

  • The New Start and the Implications for National Security

    S. HRG. 111–897 THE NEW START AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JUNE 17; JULY 15, 20, 27, 29, 2010 ( Printed for the use of the Committee on Armed Services VerDate Aug 31 2005 11:31 Apr 18, 2011 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6011 Sfmt 6011 Y:\BORAWSKI\DOCS\65071.TXT JUNE PsN: JUNEB THE NEW START AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY VerDate Aug 31 2005 11:31 Apr 18, 2011 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6019 Sfmt 6019 Y:\BORAWSKI\DOCS\65071.TXT JUNE PsN: JUNEB S. HRG. 111–897 THE NEW START AND THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NATIONAL SECURITY HEARINGS BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES UNITED STATES SENATE ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION JUNE 17; JULY 15, 20, 27, 29, 2010 Printed for the use of the Committee on Armed Services ( Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.fdsys.gov/ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 65–071 PDF WASHINGTON : 2011 For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov Phone: toll free (866) 512–1800; DC area (202) 512–1800 Fax: (202) 512–2104 Mail: Stop IDCC, Washington, DC 20402–0001 VerDate Aug 31 2005 11:31 Apr 18, 2011 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 Y:\BORAWSKI\DOCS\65071.TXT JUNE PsN: JUNEB COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES (Before July 22, 2010) CARL LEVIN, Michigan, Chairman ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia JOHN MCCAIN, Arizona JOSEPH I.
  • Breaking New Ground

    Breaking New Ground

    LE@K<;JK8K<J@EJK@KLK<F=G<8:< EZVXZLViX] 9i\Xb`e^E\n>ifle[ United States Institute of Peace Headquarters under construction, April 2009. At the corner of Constitution Avenue bolic architectural statement, visible along and 23rd Street, on one of the most his- the capital skyline, of our nation’s commit- toric and visible tracts of land by the ment to international conflict management National Mall in Washington, D.C., and peacebuilding. The new building will one can see a building emerging—the enable the Institute’s staff and fellows to INSIDE United States Institute of Peace head- continue developing practical and innova- + Fek_\>ifle[`eQfe\jf]:feÕ`Zk quarters. The building site faces the tive tools for peacebuilders that can be ap- - <[lZXk`e^Xe[KiX`e`e^G\XZ\dXb\ij Lincoln Memorial and stands adjacent to plied on the ground in some of the world’s / 9l`c[`e^k_\Gif]\jj`fe# the Korean War and Vietnam Veterans most difficult areas of conflict. The 150,000 9ifX[\e`e^X=`\c[ memorials. Juxtaposed among these war square-foot, five-story building will house memorials, the permanent headquarters offices for program and administrative (' Jlggfik`e^L%J%Gfc`ZpdXb\ij1 of the United States Institute of Peace staff and research fellows, a library and ar- K_\@ejk`klk\Ëj:fem\e`e^Gfn\i will become one of the most important chives, a state-of-the-art conference center, (- :fm\i`e^k_\Nfic[ symbols of peace for the 21st century. and a Public Education Center (PEC).
  • 3. Eliminating Short-Range Nuclear Weapons Designed to Be Forward Deployed

    3. Eliminating Short-Range Nuclear Weapons Designed to Be Forward Deployed

    3. Eliminating Short-Range Nuclear Weapons Designed to Be Forward Deployed Rose Gottemoeller Summary of Conclusions This analysis proceeds from the assumption that until the United States and Russian Federation, along with NATO countries, are able to eliminate short-range nuclear weapons from Europe, efforts to eliminate them anywhere else in the world will be stymied. For that reason, the major focus of this paper is on what it will take to get NATO and Russia talking about the weapons, understanding the prob- lem from each other’s perspective, building up confidence, and moving into controlling and eventually reducing and eliminating the weapons from Europe. While that goal is being accomplished, the other states deploying short-range nuclear weapons—India, Pakistan, China, and Israel—should be brought into the discussion and into confidence-building activities. However, these countries will be very unlikely to move to control and reduce their own short-range weapons if the problem in Europe is not on its way to being resolved. Russia’s new dependence on nuclear weapons to compensate for its conventional weakness is one of the key issues that will have to be dealt with in order to begin the process of control and reduction. Working toward resolution of differences over the Conventional Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty will be one major way to do so. So Russia, in this regard, is the difficult side of the policy equation. 108 Rose Gottemoeller At the same time, it is worth emphasizing how far NATO and the United States have come in transforming themselves into the easier side of this policy equation.