INSIDE: l Honoring Canada’s Ukrainian veterans on V-E Day – page 4 l Zinoviy Antoniuk, Ukrainian voice of conscience, dies – page 6 l On the 75th anniversary of Victory in Europe Day – page 9 The Ukrainian Weekly Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profit association

Vol. LXXXVIII No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 $2.00 UOC-U.S.A. and SALT Foundation Ukraine shifts towards the West distribute food during pandemic in commemorating World War II

Yaroslav Bilohan/UOC-USA Presidential Office of Ukraine Archbishop Daniel and a volunteer load groceries into a vehicle in the parking lot of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy lays flowers at the memorial complex “Ukraine to the Ukrainian Cultural Center in Somerset, N.J., on May 6. the Liberators,” which is located in Milove, Luhansk Oblast.

by Matthew Dubas The drive-through service follows strict by Roman Tymotsko Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact and downplaying adherence to preventive measures recom- the roles of all Soviet republics, except SOMERSET, N.J. – The Ukrainian mended by the Centers for Disease Control KYIV – May 9 is one of the most contro- Russia. Orthodox Church of the U.S.A., in partner- and Prevention, including social distancing, versial dates in Ukraine’s modern history. Creating a celebration on an occasion ship with the non-profit SALT Foundation, wearing masks and gloves, and using sani- For decades, Ukrainians were obliged to when the rest of the world mourned and has been distributing food to those in need tizer. Food bags are loaded by Archbishop celebrate the Soviet holiday of Victory Day. remembered was powerful propaganda as a result of the coronavirus pandemic at Daniel, clergy and seminarians of St. Sophia During the first 20 years after Ukraine that polarized Ukrainians no less than the the “Community Love Pop-Up Drive-Thru Ukrainian Orthodox Theological Seminary, regained its independence, the country was issues of language or religious denomina- Food Pantry” that has been set up at the as well as volunteers from the SALT an information battlefield: Russia contin- tion. The difference in approaches to World Spiritual Center of the UOC-U.S.A. in Foundation, into the trunks of vehicles to ued spreading myths about the Red Army’s War II can be compared by looking at the Somerset, N.J. The most recent distribution glorious victory in World War II without mottos used in the West on May 8 and in was held on May 13. (Continued on page 14) mentioning the secret protocols of the Moscow on May 9: “Never again” as opposed to “We can do it again.” After the Revolution of Dignity and the beginning of the Russian invasion of NEWS ANALYSIS Crimea and the Donbas, Ukraine began confidently leaning toward the European Kolomoisky stumbles while Saakashvili rumbles approach to history, and May 8 became a National Day of Remembrance and by Bohdan Nahaylo country’s land market to privatization, Zelenskyy’s own majority faction, Servant Reconciliation. which had been in effect since 2001. It was of the People, fought a strong rearguard Still, some people celebrate May 9 even KYIV – While attention for most of the finally removed at the end of March at the action to torpedo the bill. Placing their own after the traditional attributes of this day – first half of May remained focused on com- same historic session of the Parliament at vested financial and political interests first, the hammer-and-sickle emblem of the bating the coronavirus pandemic and on which the banking bill had been adopted in within days they produced over 16,500 USSR, the Red Army Star, the St. George the commemoration of the 75th anniversa- its first reading. amendments aimed at stalling the process. Ribbon – were officially forbidden in ry of the end of World War II in Europe, The banking law become known as the However, President Zelenskyy’s choice for Ukraine as Soviet symbols. Every year, peo- there have been other important develop- “anti-Kolomoisky” bill after the notorious Rada chairman, Dmytro Razumkov, and his ple gathered at memorials are fined for ments in Ukraine that deserve to be noted. billionaire oligarch Ihor Kolomoisky, who parliamentary colleagues found a way to wearing the outlawed symbols. The most significant was the adoption has been seeking to recover Ukraine’s larg- counter the filibustering scheme and to The transition from celebrating to by the Verkhovna Rada on May 13 of the est bank, PrivatBank. It was nationalized in fast-track the Parliament’s work. remembering has not yet been completed. bitterly contested and consequently long- 2016 after he and his business partner Nevertheless, given the high stakes President Volodymyr Zelenskyy addressed delayed critical banking law that prevents Hennadiy Boholyubov allegedly embezzled involved and behind-the-scenes dealing, the nation on both days. the return of nationalized banks to their $5.5 billion from it. The new legislation, the outcome remained in doubt until the On May 8, Mr. Zelenskyy went on a former owners. That removed the last insisted on by the IMF, was designed to very last moment. According to Ukraine working trip to the Luhansk region. He vis- remaining hurdle for the country to receive ensure that Mr. Kolomoisky and others Business News, on the eve of the vote, Nick ited the settlement of Milove, which is am estimated $5 billion stand-by deal from believed to have bankrupted banks won’t Piazza of SP Advisors warned in a note to divided by the border between Ukraine the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to have them returned or receive compensa- investors that Ukraine was “facing a deci- and Russia, where he visited the memorial help offset the effects of the coronavirus tion at the taxpayers’ expense. sive moment.” The renewal of cooperation complex named “Ukraine to the Liberators.” pandemic and its devastating impact on Mr. Kolomoisky and his allies, notably in with the IMF and other international finan- Mr. Zelenskyy honored the memory of Ukraine’s fragile economy. this case Yulia Tymoshenko and her cial institutions “is the only way for the those killed in World War II and laid flow- The other precondition had been the Batkivshchyna party, but also including a removal of the moratorium on opening the sizeable group within President Volodymyr (Continued on page 12) (Continued on page 5) 2 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

ANALYSIS

Amidst subdued celebrations, Russia 16,425 COVID-19 cases in Ukraine if the Verkhovna Rada would confirm him. (RFE/RL’s Ukrainian Service, with report- Ukraine has recorded 16,425 cases of ing by Reuters) reflects upon the meaning of victory COVID-19) as of May 13, including 402 new cases in the past 24 hours, Health Minister Rada approves crucial bank legislation port structure, the bureaucratic eagerness by Pavel K. Baev Maksym Stepanov said. “In total, 16,425 to enforce restrictions and demonstrative Eurasia Daily Monitor people, including 1,130 children and 3,208 The Verkhovna Rada on May 13 passed a rejection of expert suggestions on targeted health workers, have fallen ill during the banking bill that will help open up billions The celebration of the 75th anniversary financial aid to the most affected urban entire period of the pandemic,” Mr. of dollars’ worth of aid to Kyiv from the of Victory (always with a capital “v”) in the middle classes have come as bitter disap- Stepanov said at a briefing on May 13. International Monetary Fund (IMF). The Great Patriotic War against Nazi Germany pointment (Republic, May 7). Twenty-five children and 94 health work- bill, approved by 270 lawmakers, prevents was supposed to be the pivotal political One particular twist to the official tale of ers have contracted coronavirus over the the former owners of banks that were moment of the year, marked by an extrava- the ever-lasting Victory is the idea that past 24 hours. Fourteen people have died nationalized or liquidated in recent years gant parade on Red Square and multiple Russia, as the “liberator” of Europe, has and 343 patients have recovered over the during a widespread financial sector clean- public shows. The arrival of the shockingly particular privileges in international affairs past 24 hours. Ukraine has recorded a total up from regaining ownership rights or severe COVID-19 pandemic derailed these and commands moral superiority over of 3,716 recoveries and 439 deaths. The receiving monetary compensation. plans, and only symbolic air parades were states that allegedly sacrificed less in the highest numbers of coronavirus cases in President Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who was organized in Moscow and several other cit- monumental struggle (Ezhednevny at the parliamentary session, called the bill ies, weather permitting (Newsru.com, May Zhurnal, May 8). This idea underpins the the past 24 hours were recorded in the Kharkiv region – 49, Chernivtsi region – 48, a “historic” document that “will help us to 9). President Vladimir Putin emerged from desire to engage in fierce propaganda bat- defend our economy.” Though the legisla- his self-isolation to visit the Tomb of the tles with Central and Eastern European Vinnytsia region – 48, as well as in Kyiv – tion also has other implications for Unknown Soldier, at the Kremlin wall, and states, which dare to deviate from Russian 30. (Ukrinform) Ukraine’s banks, analysts say its main pur- to make a televised address. discourse on the causes and consequences Saakashvili to head reform council pose is to prevent one of Ukraine’s most These curtailed official ceremonies left of World War II and even dismantle some powerful tycoons, Ihor Kolomoisky, the for- much empty space for Russians to reflect monuments to the Soviet army (Russian­ Ukraine’s president has named former mer co-owner of PrivatBank, from regain- upon the meaning of this event, sacred for council.ru, May 8). It also prompts Moscow Georgian President Mikheil Saakashvili to ing ownership rights to the bank. The IMF many families but converted by the to sharply condemn any omissions of the head the executive committee of Ukraine’s is said to have insisted upon approval of the regime’s pervasive propaganda into a glori- decisive role the Soviet Union played in National Reform Council. President fied assertion of Russia’s “greatness.” defeating Nazi Germany, as in United States Volodymyr Zelenskyy issued an order with banking law amid signs the government The triumphalist spin rings strikingly President Donald Trump’s recent message the appointment on May 7. The council was was considering returning PrivatBank, false amidst the fast-escalating pandemic, (RIA Novosti, May 9). created in 2014 to carry out strategic plan- which is in the midst of a major legal and which domestically adds more than 10,000 More importantly, the narrative on the ning and coordinate reforms. Mr. political fight. The bank was nationalized in new cases of coronavirus infection every enormous Soviet effort in bringing the dev- Saakashvili, 52, served as Georgia’s presi- 2016 when international auditors found a day; in terms of total numbers, Russia is astating war to Victory is used to fuel mili- dent from 2004 until 2013. In January $5.5 billion hole in its balance sheet. Mr. now set to overtake Italy and the United taristic chauvinism and justify huge invest- 2018, a Georgian court convicted him in Kolomoisky, who has close ties to Mr. Kingdom in the coming days (Vedomosti, ments in the military buildup. Mr. Putin, absentia of covering up evidence in the Zelenskyy, has insisted that the bank was May 6). The government’s obvious unpre- thus, found it opportune to take this occa- case of the killing of a Georgian banker and improperly nationalized by Ukrainian regu- paredness for an outbreak of such intensity sion to confirm that the production and sentenced him to three years in prison. In lators. Mr. Kolomoisky has denied any and the helplessness of the corrupt state deployment of modern weapons systems June 2018, another court convicted him of wrongdoing and maintains he is the right- bureaucracy in organizing proper responses would proceed as planned, no matter what abuse of power and sentenced him to six ful owner of PrivatBank. Matti Maasikas, invite analogies not of heroic battles but of (TASS, May 10). Though the parade has years in prison. Mr. Saakashvili has denied the European Union’s ambassador to the shocking Soviet defeats during the first been postponed, demonstrations of mili- all the accusations and says the charges are Ukraine, hailed the bill as “a vital measure weeks of the Nazi German invasion, in the tary muscle continue nonstop. In the Arctic, politically motivated. In 2015-2016, he to protect public finances and Ukrainian summer of 1941 (Moscow Echo, May 8). the cruiser Marshal Ustinov was sent to served as governor of Ukraine’s Odesa taxpayers.” (RFE/RL’s Ukrainian Service) Illustratively, even the usually subservi- conduct missile tests in the Barents Sea in Oblast. When he resigned, he accused Mr. Pompeo speaks with Ukraine’s foreign minister ent Russian media outlets have been daring order to interfere with a nearby U.S.-U.K. Zelenskyy’s predecessor, Petro Poroshenko, to publish critical opinions regarding naval exercise (Nezavisimaya Gazeta, May of corruption. President Poroshenko, in U.S. State Department spokesperson Joseph Stalin’s role in enabling the early 6). turn, stripped Mr. Saakashvili of his Morgan Ortagus on May 7 reported that German advance as well as his decision to Mr. Putin has yet to announce a new date Ukrainian citizenship. As one of his first Secretary of State Michael R. Pompeo had downplay the Victory celebrations during for the postponed parade, but one possibil- acts as president last year, Mr. Zelenskyy spoken with Ukrainian Foreign Affairs the late 1940s (Lenta.ru, May 8). The som- ity is September 3, which now officially restored Mr. Saakashvili’s Ukrainian citi- Minister Dmytro Kuleba on May 6. She said: ber memories of the war – the enormous marks the end of World War II, against the zenship, facilitating his return to Ukraine. “Secretary Pompeo and Foreign Minister human cost of which has never been prop- historical fact of Japan’s capitulation the Last month, Mr. Saakashvili said he had Kuleba discussed Ukraine’s efforts to erly assessed – this year have been mixing day before but in accordance with the been offered the post of deputy prime min- together with widespread Russian anxiet- Chinese political calendar (Vedomosti, ister in charge of reform. But it was unclear (Continued on page 11) ies about the awkwardly enforced, patently April 22; see EDM, April 20). China is an ineffectual quarantines and resulting deep- increasingly prominent reference point in ening public discontent (Forbes.ru, May 9). Russian security discourse, and the escala- Mr. Putin promised to stage another cel- tion of U.S.-Chinese tensions over the The Ukrainian Weekly FOUNDED 1933 ebration later this year. He clearly wants to COVID-19 pandemic attracts extensive stick to the political agenda set at the start commentary (RBC, April 30). An English-language newspaper published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., of 2020, in which the tightly managed pub- The tone of many expert opinions is cau- a non-profit association, at 2200 Route 10, P.O. Box 280, Parsippany, NJ 07054. lic support for the revisions in the constitu- tiously balanced: they reject U.S. accusa- Yearly subscription rate: $90; for UNA members — $80. tion would grant him an indefinite prolon- tions that Beijing had abjectly failed to con- Periodicals postage paid at Caldwell, NJ 07006 and additional mailing offices. gation of his “reign,” while the Victory Day tain the epidemic, while simultaneously (ISSN — 0273-9348) parade would signify his superior status. suggesting that the malfunction of China’s And now, the eventual “victory” over the party-political system slowed the response The Weekly: UNA: Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 644-9510 Tel: (973) 292-9800; Fax: (973) 292-0900 evil virus is meant to confirm his omnipo- to the outbreak in Wuhan (Valdaiclub.com, tence (Moscow Echo, May 8). This fixation May 5). Mixed opinions also appear regard- Postmaster, send address changes to: on legitimizing and enshrining his hold on ing the Chinese methods of enforcing lock- The Ukrainian Weekly Editor-in-chief: Roma Hadzewycz power underscores how out of touch Mr. downs and about the attempts to imitate 2200 Route 10 Editor: Matthew Dubas Putin has become with political reality: the those in Moscow, which registers more P.O. Box 280 present crisis – and his seemingly aloof than half of all infections in Russia Parsippany, NJ 07054 e-mail: [email protected] response and downward relegation of (Kommersant, May 8). Insightful experts responsibility (see Eurasia Daily Monitor, are also warning that Russia is in no posi- The Ukrainian Weekly Archive: www.ukrweekly.com April 24, May 4) – has left him seriously tion to benefit from the unfolding confron- and perhaps irreparably compromised tation between the U.S. and China and can- The Ukrainian Weekly, May 17, 2020, No. 20, Vol. LXXXVIII (Rosbalt, May 8). not count on Chinese support in its own Copyright © 2020 The Ukrainian Weekly Opinion polls show a new dip in Mr. unrelenting confrontation with the West Putin’s popularity, even if respondents are (Russiancouncil.ru, May 4). understandably reluctant to express disloy- Such warnings are most probably lost on ADMINISTRATION OF THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY AND SVOBODA al views over the phone. So taking for the Kremlin, which is keen to exploit even granted the public readiness to vote for his the curtailed celebrations to assert Russia’s Walter Honcharyk, administrator (973) 292-9800, ext. 3040 and advertising manager fax: (973) 644-9510 new presidential term may be a serious resilience to grave external threats as well e-mail: [email protected] mistake (Levada.ru, May 6; Carnegie.ru, as to reinforce the imperative to unite Subscription Department (973) 292-9800, ext. 3040 May 7). For the majority of Russians, who e-mail: [email protected] used to see the state as the ultimate sup- (Continued on page 14) No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 3

NEWS ANALYSIS Cambridge Five helped Moscow fight Ukrainian nationalists

by Paul Goble and Western perfidy. But at the same time, and this already was a direct threat to their ensuring that those Western plans failed. Eurasia Daily Monitor the article is aimed at Ukrainians and, capital.” According to Ms. Krasheninnikova, in the indeed, all non-Russians who have ever To that end, the British and then the late 1940s and early 1950s, the West was President Vladimir Putin has spent years resisted Moscow; for them, the topic is Americans exploited surviving Nazi net- most interested in finding Russian émigrés trying to turn the Soviet victory in World clearly intended to illustrate yet another works in Eastern Europe against the USSR. who could serve as its agents in the USSR. War II into the central fact of Russian histo- purported reason not to trust the West as In response, she contends, Moscow pene- But it was nearly as preoccupied with find- ry. As a result, it is no surprise that Russian well as dissuade them from holding on to trated the British intelligence services and ing Ukrainian ones because of the impor- writers, with the encouragement of the any hope of escaping Moscow’s grasp if then, through them, the U.S. ones as well in tance of Ukraine within the USSR. Indeed, Russian security services, have launched a they try. order to counter such activities. The most she says, Philby and the British had estab- variety of programs to celebrate the suc- What is perhaps most immediately strik- prominent of these Soviet agents came to lished contacts with Stepan Bandera, the cesses of Soviet intelligence services ing about this article, at least to a Western be known as the Cambridge Five, a group of Ukrainian nationalist whom she dismisses against both Nazi Germany and, after the reader, is its tone, which overwhelmingly Englishmen recruited by Moscow in the as “pro-fascist,” even before World War II. war, the United Kingdom and the United “For the CIA,” however, she writes, “Bandera States. was not ideal because his extreme national- The most frequently cited of these is An article on a Russian Internet portal that ism with fascist overtones interfered with Cambridge5.ru, an Internet portal devoted is being disseminated by RIA Novosti over- conducting subversive work inside the to the so-called “Cambridge Five,” agents of USSR with the Russians.” For Washington, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics whelmingly resembles Soviet propaganda which looked to the future, Bandera was a (USSR) who penetrated British and U.S. from the darkest years of the Cold War. figure of the past and could not serve as the intelligence in the 1940s, helping Moscow leader of a future Ukrainian resistance (RIA steal nuclear and other secrets and counter Novosti, April 30). Western moves against the USSR (Cam­ resembles Soviet propaganda from the 1930s who rose to positions of enormous But the English were more interested in bridge5.ru, accessed May 7). And just as the darkest years of the Cold War. Ms. Krashe­ influence and power after the war, putting cooperating with him and his émigré Kremlin leader’s boosting of World War II ninnikova begins by saying that Allied rela- them in a position to help the Soviet Union Ukrainians. “[I]n 1949, they sent to Ukraine is not about the past but designed to aid Mr. tions between Moscow and the West ended block Western “perfidy.” the first group of agents [recruited from Putin’s current plans, so, too, the revela- with the conclusion of World War II and Much of this story is well-known thanks among them] who had been supplied with tions reported on this portal are almost that, afterward, “the situation returned to to the memoirs of Kim Philby, one of the radio transmitters and other secret means entirely about the present and future. the former pre-war conflict, only at a new five. Philby had initially directed British of communication,” writes Ms. Krashenin­ The latest offering from Cambridge5.ru, level, with nuclear weapons and a new efforts to penetrate the Soviet Union from a nikova. They sent three more such groups which has been spread more broadly by the leader of the West, the United States, with post in Istanbul but, after returning to an in 1951, but all of them were quickly Russian government’s RIA Novosti press its gigantic material resources” (RIA even more senior intelligence position in rounded up because of the information agency (RIA Novosti, April 30), is a classic Novosti, April 30). London, ended up delivering to Moscow Philby and the Cambridge Five supplied example of the genre. Written by the por- “The West did not intend to forgive the information about British and U.S. efforts to Moscow. No one should be making Bandera tal’s chief editor, Veronika Krasheninnikova Bolsheviks for their leading one-sixth of the penetrate the Soviet-occupied Baltic coun- into a national hero, as many Ukrainians (a historian and member of the Russian world with enormous natural resources tries (Lsm.lv, July 29, 2017 and August 2, now do, the editor of Cambridge5.ru says. Social Chamber) and titled “How ‘the and a large market left outside the sphere 2017). They should see him for what Moscow Cambridge Five’ Helped Hunt Down the of capitalism,” she continues. “Worst of all,” He ultimately achieved his greatest suc- believes he was: a Nazi sympathizer who Banderites,” it is directed at multiple audi- Ms. Krasheninnikova insists, “the Soviet cess when he was transferred to the United was ultimately betrayed by the poor tra- ences at once. First, the piece targets the Union had convincingly and successfully States to serve as liaison with the Central decraft of Western intelligence services, she Russians themselves, who are intended to shown to the entire world a working alter- Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal asserts. take from it a lesson in Soviet patriotism native to capitalism, the socialist system; Bureau of Investigation (FBI). While in Washington, he worked closely with James The article above is reprinted from Jesus Angleton, who shared with him Eurasia Daily Monitor with permission from details of U.S. operations, unaware that its publisher, the Jamestown Foundation, Australian Federation of Ukrainian Organizations calls Philby was passing them on to Moscow and www.jamestown.org. on Australian government to condemn Russian aggression Quotable notes Ukrainian citizens, the militarization of AFUO “…We were, like the others, pleased to hear that during last week’s virtual meet- Crimea by Russian forces, attempts by the ing of the Normandy Format, the foreign ministers discussed the need to ensure full ESSDENDON, Australia – The Australian Russian Federation to use Crimea to accom- access for the Special Monitoring Mission. It is high time that Russia directed the Federation of Ukrainian Organizations modate nuclear weapons and the violation of forces it arms, trains, finances, leads and fights alongside in eastern Ukraine to stop (AFUO) on May 5 called on the Australian international merchant shipping. impeding the critical work of the SMM and lay down their weapons. government to support the Ukrainian The Verkhovna Rada has appealed to the “The security situation in eastern Ukraine remains dangerous and unpredictable, Parliament’s resolution regarding continu- international community to show its sup- and there cannot be a secure environment for free and fair elections until Russia and ing Russian aggression. port now, so focus on these realities is not its proxies cease hostilities and withdraw from Ukraine. But instead of taking any The resolution calls for foreign govern- lost amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. real steps toward ending the conflict that it foments and fuels, Moscow remains ments to strengthen international condem- “While the world battles to curb corona- intent on trying to evade responsibility and cast itself as a mediator in this conflict, nation of the armed aggression of the virus, the Russian Federation has not taken rather than the aggressor. Russian Federation against Ukraine, the ille- time out and continues with its aggression,” “Instead of engaging in good faith discussions about locations for new disengage- gal annexation of Crimea and the occupa- Stefan Romaniw, co-chair of the AFUO, said. ment areas and crossing points, Russia is pressuring Ukraine to negotiate directly tion of areas of the Donbas, and political “Russia continues to snub its nose at any and exclusively with its proxies, the so-called ‘authorities’ of the ‘people’s republics’ repressions of Ukrainian citizens. It also attempt to negotiate peace, and there is con- in Russia-controlled areas of Donetsk and Luhansk. seeks support for the release of political tinued non-compliance. Fighting continues “As long as Russia pretends that it is not a party to this conflict, real progress prisoners held by Russian authorities. in eastern Ukraine, and Russia is strength- toward a lasting ceasefire is going to remain elusive. Russia’s stance fools nobody. All In a letter to Minister of Foreign Affairs ening its position in Crimea. Minsk, of us have seen the media reports over the years detailing the presence of Russian Marise Payne, and to the Australia-Ukraine Normandy format or Paris talks and resolu- hardware and military forces in eastern Ukraine. On a near weekly basis, further evi- Parliamentary Friendship Group, the AFUO tions are not being been adhered to. The dence of Russia’s presence in the Donbas is presented in the OSCE’s Forum for advocated for a sign of support from Ukrainian Parliament is calling for nothing Security Cooperation. Australia for Ukraine’s call to the interna- more than peace and territorial sovereign- “While Russia works to obstruct progress in Normandy Format and the Trilateral tional community to reinforce its message ty,” Mr. Romaniw said. Contact Group discussions and on the ground in Ukraine, civilians in eastern of support and sanctions. In its letter to Australia’s foreign affairs Ukraine and Crimea continue to suffer. This week, the Special Monitoring Mission The motion was passed by the Ukrainian minister, the AFUO also noted the upcoming reported a number of civilian casualties, including a 13-year-old boy, previously Parliament on April 30 with the strong sup- date of May 9, 1945, the end of World War referred to, and his grandparents, who were injured when their house was hit by port of 309 members. II. shelling, and, as was discussed, a 67-year-old woman killed by gunfire. As always, During the Verkhovna Rada’s discussion “The Russian Federation has already innocent civilians suffer as a result of Russia’s aggression in eastern Ukraine. … of the resolution, it was noted that while it launched its propaganda machine. It should “At the December 9 Normandy Summit in Paris, Russia committed to a full and may seem to be a “traditional statement” be remembered that at the end of the war, comprehensive implementation of the ceasefire by the end of 2019, but violations about Russian aggression and the annexa- Russian imperialism expanded and the have continued for months past this target date. It is high time the ceasefire became tion of Crimea, it is critical at this point to Soviet Union became the Prison of Nations. a reality. …” reconfirm international support for Ukraine. Seventy years of human and national rights The resolution draws attention to the violations followed – from the evil of – U.S. Ambassador James S. Gilmore III, speaking to the Vienna-based Permanent occupation of Crimea, the violation of human Nazism to the evil of Soviet imperialism,” Council of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe on May 7. rights, violation of the property rights of Mr. Romaniw stated. 4 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

Honoring Canada’s Ukrainian veterans on V-E Day A MUST READ

UCCLF In the May 8 article headlined “Veteran who helped bring 30,000 Ukrainian ref- CALGARY, Alberta – Given the lockdown ugees to Canada to be honored in the caused by the coronavirus pandemic in U.K.,” Paul Waldie, Europe correspondent England and around the world, the for The Globe and Mail, Canada’s national Ukrainian Canadian Civil Liberties newspaper, writes about Bohdan Panchuk Foundation (UCCLF) and its partners have and the Ukrainian Canadian Servicemen’s postponed the unveiling of a memorial Association, an organization he co-founded stained-glass window in London, originally at the time of World War II. scheduled for May 8 – the 75th anniversary “… the former schoolteacher from of Victory in Europe (V-E) Day. Saskatchewan, who enlisted with the Royal Over the past several years, the UCCLF Canadian Air Force in 1939 and landed on team has worked hard to ensure that the the beaches of Normandy on D-Day in service and sacrifices of the thousands of 1944, became a key figure in helping more Ukrainian Canadians who served overseas than 30,000 Ukrainian refugees come to during the second world war, and Canada after the war,” Mr. Waldie informed Ukrainians who did likewise in the armed readers. forces of the other Allied powers, would be His article also noted that Panchuk and recalled on this historic date. the UCSA were to be recognized as part of Commenting, UCCLF’s chairman, Borys Britain’s 75th-anniversary celebration of Sydoruk, said: “Obviously, we are disap- Victory in Europe Day. “A service was pointed at not being able to witness the planned at St. James’s Church in London to unveiling of this commemorative stained- unveil a stained glass window in honor of glass window on May 8. Other possible the association, which operated out of the dates are now being considered, public church’s vicarage,” but the ceremony was health and safety considerations permit- postponed until November because of the ting. In the meantime, we will be reaching COVID-19 pandemic. out to surviving veterans and their families The Globe and Mail story also included by mailing some 3,500 postcards across this information: Canada and internationally, calling atten- “After D-Day, Mr. Panchuk was stationed tion to the importance of this date and the across Europe as Allied forces moved east- contributions of Ukrainian Canadians in ward. Almost everywhere he went, he ran uniform.” into camps full of Ukrainian refugees. He He continued: “We have also organized started organizing relief committees and publication of a half-page notice in the UCCLF handing out Canadian Red Cross cards to May 8 edition of The Globe and Mail, The notice published in the May 8 edition of The Globe and Mail, remembering all ensure the refugees received basic necessi- recalling how these men and women vol- the Ukrainian Canadians who volunteered to serve overseas during World War II. ties. … unteered for service overseas, demon- “Around 2 million Ukrainians had been strating their loyalty to Canada by defend- strengthen the Ukrainian diaspora we are men and women in uniform who saved displaced by the war. When the fighting ing our way of life. Some veterans then part of today, whether we live in England, the DPs. So, on May 8, the 75th anniversa- ended, their fate grew uncertain. The remained in Europe for several more the U.S.A., Australia, Western Europe or ry of the end of the war in Europe, V-E Soviets demanded they return to Ukraine, years, helping to save Ukrainian displaced here in Canada. And many of us are the Day, we call upon our friends and support- which had been absorbed into the Soviet persons (DPs) from forcible repatriation children and grandchildren of the very ers across Canada, and indeed around the Union, and thousands were deported from to the Soviet Union. Those victims of Nazi same political refugees these Canadian world, to remember the Ukrainian Poland to the USSR. Mr. Panchuk wanted as and Communist tyranny were eventually Ukrainians rescued. Simply put, we would Canadians who were the ‘heroes of their many as possible to come to Canada. resettled across the free world, helping to not be here today if it were not for the day.’ ” “He stayed in Britain after the war and launched an intense lobbying campaign together with his wife, Anne Cherniawsky, a Canadian servicewoman he’d met at the Patriarch Sviatoslav congratulates UCSA. Over the next seven years, the Panchuks and other UCSA members cajoled ambassadors, civil servants, military lead- Bishop Basil Losten on his 90th birthday ers and anyone else that came to mind. On May 11, Bishop Basil Losten, the emeritus bishop of the “As a result of their efforts between Eparchy of Stamford, celebrated his 90th birthday. On this occa- 30,000 and 40,000 Ukrainian refugees sion, the primate of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church greeted came to Canada; thousands more went to him with a patriarchal letter. Britain, the United States, Australia and “I would like to personally and on behalf of the Synod of New Zealand. …” Bishops of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church sincerely con- gratulate you on the occasion of the great anniversary. To read the full text of the article, go to: Celebrating your 90th birthday is a big event for all of us. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/ Together with you, we bring our prayers to the throne of the Most article-veteran-who-helped-bring-30000- High, thanking Him for calling you to the path of sacrificial dedica- ukrainian-refugees-to-canada-to-be/. tion to the Church and our people,” Patriarch Sviatoslav wrote. “Bishop Basil became a good father for people in the lands of distant America, a zealous preacher of Christ’s truth, a defender of their rights and freedoms. As a devoted follower of Patriarch Josyf, the bishop worked on developing the patriarchal system. He expended great efforts on the development of the seminary in Stamford (Conn.), the graduates of which became many of our respected clergy. He took and continues to take an active part in the activities of the Synod of Bishops of the UGCC,” the letter noted. “All this testifies to you as a man of great faith and deep wis- dom. Therefore, we greet you once again and wish you the help LIKE UGCC media of the Holy Spirit in all your endeavors for the glory of God and for the good of the Church and the people,” said Patriarch Bishop Basil Losten The Ukrainian Sviatoslav. archbishop-metropolitan of Philadelphia, serving as the conse- “May the merciful Lord thank you a hundredfold with His crator. Weekly grace. May He accept the gift of your service as a pleasant sacri- Father Losten was consecrated a bishop on May 25, 1971, in fice on His throne. May all the time that the Lord will assign to the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed you be blessed and peaceful for you,” the head of the UGCC stated Virgin Mary in Philadelphia. On December 7, 1977, he was on acebook! in his message. installed as eparch of Stamford by the new metropolitan-arch- Bishop Basil was born on May 11, 1930, in Chesapeake, Md. bishop for Ukrainians in the United States, Joseph Schmondiuk. His ordination to the priesthood took place on June 10, 1957, www.facebook.com/ with Bishop Constantine Bohachevsky, who later became the UGCC Department of Information TheUkrainianWeekly No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 5

Ukraine shifts... (Continued from page 1) ers near the Eternal Flame. He presented the “Never again” message at a place where “again” happened six years ago. “On this day, Ukraine, together with the whole civilized world, says: Never again. Today these are the two most important words for the history of mankind and its future. And they can’t just become a formality,” he said in his address in Milove. During his working trip to Luhansk Oblast, Mr. Zelenskyy also visited Zolote in the Popasna district. The president spoke there with families of internally displaced persons. “Here, in December 1942, the expulsion of Hitler’s invaders from the Ukrainian land began,” said Mr. Zelenskyy in his address (an English translation of which was posted on the official website of Ukraine’s president). “It was still a long way to the end of the war. But our grand- parents from every corner of the country fought against Nazism, defended their homeland, died for the homeland and won for us. Today, our courageous boys and girls defend the Ukrainian state, our sovereignty and territorial integrity. For the sake of peace we so desperately need. For the sake of prosperity of independent Ukraine. For the sake of future generations. …And in this place, we will soon restore the symbol of our remembrance,” President Zelenskyy stated. Serhii Nuzhnenko, RFE/RL Commemoration at the United Nations Kyiv’s Alley of Heroes was disinfected every hour on May 9. The United Nations Security Council, chaired by Estonia, held a meeting on May 8 to mark the 75th anniversary of longer than the Second World War. It resulted in over “However, despite numerous warnings, some citizens still the end of World War II in Europe. The goal was to remem- 13,000 people killed and more than 27,000 wounded in violated current decommunization legislation and estab- ber the tragic pages of the past and make sure that such a the very heart of Europe.” lished quarantine rules.” tragedy does not ever happen again. The format of the “This week [May 4-10], 17 Ukrainian soldiers were In other cities, people refrained from holding mass gath- meeting allowed not only members of the Security Council wounded in action at the frontline of the ongoing Russian erings. For example, in Kharkiv, instead of mass events on but representatives of other U.N. member states to take aggression in the Donbas. Luckily, no one was killed in May 8, a festive online concert called “Memory in Our part in the discussion. In total, about 70 participants took action this week. In these days, when we commemorate Hearts” was held. Earlier, Kharkiv Mayor Hennadiy Kernes part, including 50 foreign affairs ministers – a large num- the tragedy of World War II, let us not forget the ongoing had called on the city’s residents to join the action ber considering the quarantine in effect around the globe. war in Europe,” Mr. Kuleba wrote on Twitter. “Immortal Victory Regiment” (a Russian propaganda cam- paign) without leaving home. “I urge you on May 9, at Due to COVID-19, the Security Council meeting was moved May 9 observances to Tallinn via the Hybridity virtual platform. exactly noon, to go out on your balconies with photos of Both 75 years ago and today, Ukraine experienced the According to Ukraine’s National Police, various events your grandfathers and great-grandfathers and hold a city- consequences of aggression by a foreign invader – a salient took place on May 9 in Kyiv without significant violations wide minute of silence, memory and gratitude for their fact that was pointed out by Ukraine’s foreign affairs minis- of law and order. heroic act,” Mr. Kernes said. ter, Dmytro Kuleba. “During events in the Park of Eternal Glory at specially In the city of Dnipro, the situation was similar. Mayor “Ukraine is one of the countries that suffered the most established checkpoints, police officers conducted a curso- Borys Filatov said the May 9 holiday would be celebrated during the greatest tragedy of the 20th century – World War ry inspection to identify prohibited items in [the posses- online. Furthermore, he urged Dnipro citizens to take part II – which brought unspeakable human suffering and hor- sion of] persons who came to lay flowers at the memorial,” in a flash mob similar to the one in Kharkiv. Mr. Filatov rors of the Holocaust to Europe,” Minister Kuleba said dur- stated the press service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. himself posted on his Facebook page a few days before May ing the U.N. meeting. “Even conservative estimates put the The head of the National Police reported that 495 events 9 that he was walking between blocks of flats and shouting number of my perished compatriots at 8.5 million. Over 7 took place throughout the country on May 9 with the par- congratulations toward the windows of World War II veter- million Ukrainians fought against Nazism in seven armies – ticipation of almost 9,000 people. Police received more ans. in the Red Army, in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, in the than 90 reports of possible violations; four criminal pro- Presidential visit to Zakarpattia Polish, French, British, Canadian and U.S. armed forces.” ceedings were opened and 20 administrative protocols “Alas, for some, including one of the U.N. Security were drawn up. On May 9, President Zelenskyy visited the Hill of Glory Council’s permanent members, this commitment does not “In order to prevent the spread of the coronavirus, the memorial complex in the Zakarpattia region, where the mean very much,” Mr. Kuleba continued. “The Russian capital’s rescuers carried out disinfection every hour on graves of soldiers who died in the battles for the liberation aggression against Ukraine, which led to the illegal occupa- the Alley of Heroes of Kruty and in the Park of Eternal of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders are located. tion of Crimea and parts of the Donbas, has already lasted Glory,” a release from the Internal Affairs Ministry noted. “In Zakarpattia, the expulsion of the invaders ended. We will never forget the terrible price of this victory. The main thing to honor the feat of everyone who brought this victo- ry closer is not loudness, but sincerity. And our victory is in everyone’s heart,” Mr. Zelenskyy said. The president announced a memorial project that will install four bells in four corners of Ukraine as symbols of remembrance, victory, peace and unity. “We defeated Nazism 75 years ago. It took another 46 years for us to gain an independent Ukrainian state. And today, for the sixth year in a row, we are defending it. These are all pages of our history that unite and make us stronger. Today, with faith in our goal, I am announcing a project of memorial symbols. We want to install four bells in Ukraine,” the president stated in his address. Mr. Zelenskyy explained that the first bell – the Remembrance Bell – will be placed in the Luhansk region, near the first village where the liberation of Ukraine began in 1942. The second bell – the Victory Bell – will be placed in Zakarpattia, near the place where the expulsion of the Nazi invaders ended. Two more bells are planned to be placed in Ukrainian Donetsk and Symferopol. The president said: “We believe and will do our best to make sure that the day comes when two more bells are placed: the Peace Bell in Donetsk and the Unity Bell in Symferopol. And at the moment when peace comes in Ukraine – and we return our people and our land – four bells will simultaneously announce this significant event in the history of Ukraine. And each of them will engrave in Presidential Office of Ukraine our mind: ‘Let us remember that unity is the key to our President Volodymyr Zelenskyy and his entourage in Zakarpattia at the Hill of Glory memorial complex. peace and our victory.’ ” 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

COMMENTARY The Ukrainian Weekly Sheptytsky’s report to the pope Russia removes memorial to Katyń massacre In late April and early May, there were multiple news stories about the long- in new attack on historical truth awaited opening of Pope Pius XII’s archives. They were accessible for only a week, officers were also executed in prison camps before being shut down due to the coronavirus pandemic. The first information by Halya Coynash at Kozelsk, Starobyelsk, near Kharkiv in gleaned from the archives was not good news for the World War II-era pontiff, as it Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Ukraine and in Belarus. revealed that Pope Pius knew about the genocide of the Jews, yet took little action. Group The Nazis first reported finding a mass The Religion News Service reported: “German researchers found that the pope, On the eve of the 75th anniversary of the who never directly criticized the Nazi slaughter of Jews, knew from his own sources end of World War II, Russian officials have Soviet authorities trying then, and for about Berlin’s death campaign early on. But he kept this from the U.S. government removed plaques commemorating Polish decadesgrave at later, Katyń to claim in April that 1943,the graves with were the [which in September 1942 sought to confirm information it had about massacres of officers executed by the NKVD in 1940, of victims of Nazi Germany. It was only in Jews from the Geneva office of the Jewish Agency for Palestine] after an aide argued while the Soviet Union was still collaborat- 1990 that Soviet culpability was finally that Jews and Ukrainians – his main sources – could not be trusted because they lied ing with Nazi Germany. This may have been admitted. and exaggerated, the researchers said.” a regional initiative, but it is very much in If, when it came to Soviet victims of However, there was also positive news in the information found in the Vatican line with Russia’s aggressive attempts Stalin’s Terror, there was mounting open- archives about Lviv’s Ukrainian Catholic Metropolitan Andrey Sheptytsky. under President Vladimir Putin to blur or ness until the Putin regime, the same can- Researchers from the University of Munster learned that a month before the rewrite the darkest pages of Soviet history. not be said for Russia’s attitude toward the American request for corroborating information, Sheptytsky had sent the pope a Two memorial plaques, erected in 1991, letter that spoke of 200,000 Jews massacred in Ukraine under the “outright diaboli- were removed from the former NKVD much too secretive. cal” German occupation. Catholic priest and historian Hubert Wolf, who leads the building in Tver on May 7. One read: “In KatyńUnder Massacre, Vladimir which Putin has and always the beenFSB, university’s team, said the Vatican Secretariat of State’s Angelo Dell’Acqua wrote a memory of the tortured. In the whose power he reinstated, there has been memo warning Pope Pius to distrust the reports because Jews “easily exaggerate” 1930s-1950s this was the Central NKVD- a pronounced move away from historical and “Orientals” — meaning Archbishop Sheptytsky — “are really not an example of MGB for Kalinin Oblast and its internal honesty and toward the “rehabilitation” of honesty.” prison.” The inscription on the second was: Stalin and of the Cheka, the first Soviet As Alexander Kuzma pointed out in a story published in this newspaper in 2018, “In remembrance of the Poles from the secret police, and all its successors. Two over 3,000 Ukrainians have been honored at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem for their her- Ostashkov Camp, murdered by the NKVD in historians of the Terror, Yuri Dmitriev and oism in sheltering Jews from the Nazis. Sheptytsky, who spearheaded efforts that Kalinin. As a warning to the world.” Sergei Koltyrin, who died on April 2 in saved nearly 150 Jews, who publicly protested the murder of Jews and who urged The 6,300 Poles killed at the Ostashkov prison, were imprisoned on politically his faithful to not participate in the killings, is not among them. However, several of Camp were from the 22,000 Polish military motivated charges, and the renowned those who are recognized by Israel’s memorial to the victims of the Holocaust, and police officers and members of the Memorial Society is under constant attack. including the metropolitan’s own brother, Archimandrite Klymentiy Sheptytsky, intelligentsia taken prisoner after the A Levada Center poll in March 2019 could not have acted without the metropolitan’s express permission. Soviet Union invaded Poland on September showed a record level of approval for Stalin. Among those advocating recognition for Metropolitan Andrey as a “Righteous 17, 1939, and murdered in cold blood in Seventy-one percent of Russians said that Gentile” at Yad Vashem, is Dr. Leon Chameides of Connecticut, one of the children April and May 1940. This heinous crime is they have a positive attitude toward his saved by Metropolitan Andrey, who has often spoken about the Ukrainian Church role in their country’s history, with just leader and the many priests, monks and lay Catholics in western Ukraine who executions carried out in the forest at risked their lives to shelter him and other Jewish friends and neighbors. In January, known as the Katyń Massacre, after the (Continued on page 13) Chief Rabbi of Ukraine Moshe Reuven Azman sent a letter to Yad Vashem requesting the restoration of historical justice by awarding Metropolitan Andrey the title of Katyń, near Smolensk. However, the Polish “Righteous Among the Nations.” Now, with the opening of Pope Pius XII’s long-secret archives, even more infor- Zinoviy Antoniuk, Soviet political prisoner, mation about the work of the saintly Metropolitan Andrey is sure to emerge. Dare we hope this will lead to his rightful recognition as one of the Righteous? The JTA Ukrainian voice of conscience, dies at 86 (Jewish Telegraphic Agency) news service reported on May 1 that “Yad Vashem has rejected at least a dozen requests to recognize Sheptytsky since the 1960s,” but by Halya Coynash pointed out that Berel Rodal, a founder of Ukrainian Jewish Encounter, says the Kharkiv Human Rights Protection newly found letter by Sheptytsky to Pope Pius could have a big impact on whether Group to reopen Yad Vashem’s review of the metropolitan’s case. Zinoviy Antoniuk, former Soviet-era dis- sident, publicist and human rights defend- er, has died at the age of 86, after many years of illness. May He was not one of the most prominent of Turning the pages back... the former dissidents, but was a very origi- nal and deep thinker and would invariably 21 Fifty years ago, on May 28, 1970, a monument to the Rev. speak in defense of the persecuted, includ- Hryhoriy Hrushka, founding editor of the Svoboda newspaper ing during the regime of Viktor Yanukovych. 1970 that led to the establishment of the Ukrainian National Antoniuk was born on December 24, Association, was unveiled and dedicated at Cleveland’s Cultural 1933, in Kholmshchyna, then part of Gardens during the UNA’s regular convention that year. Nearly Poland. His education, including a doctor- 600 people were in attendance for the unveiling ceremony. ate, was as a production engineer. His life The ceremony was held on the fourth day of the UNA convention in Cleveland, which changed dramatically in the early 1960s, as lasted a week. he met some of the first Ukrainian dissi- Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group The Rev. Hrushka came to the U.S. in the latter half of the 19th century, and founded the dents and became involved in the samvy- Ukrainian-language daily newspaper Svoboda in 1893. From the pages of Svoboda, the dav movement. Zinoviy Antoniuk (1933-2020) Rev. Hrushka appealed to the community for the need to create a single Ukrainian organi- It was especially Ivan Svitlychny who “Ukraine has only with difficulty recog- zation to protect the interests of Ukrainian immigrants. was to have a huge influence on Antoniuk’s nized the need to intertwine its struggle On February 22, 1894, that vision became reality with the founding of the UNA in thinking. Svitlychny died in 1992; he had for liberation into a global context of uni- Shamokin, Pa. been very ill for almost 10 years after serv- The monument in Cleveland features a bronze bust, created by sculptor Michael versal principles of respect for human ing a 10-year sentence in the notorious rights. Mentality and the habit of subordi- Chereshniovsky of New York, and is mounted on a dark granite pedestal (during the Perm-36 political labor camp. In a text unveiling, a truckdrivers’ strike prevented the pedestal from being delivered on time, and nating oneself to mythical higher national about both Svitlychny and what he meant interests and, mainly, ignoring individuali- a temporary wooden pedestal was installed). The unveiling was performed by Martha for Antoniuk – titled “If Not Me, Then Turchyn, a member of UNA Branch 278 in Wilkes-Barre, Pa., a one-time student of the Rev. ty got in the way. Even after decades in Who?” – Antoniuk wrote that, until 1962, which the Universal Declaration of Human Hrushka in the village of Pyniaky, in Brody, Lviv Oblast. he had been quite passive in his attitude Ms. Turchyn recounted how it was the Rev. Hrushka who taught her the Ukrainian Rights has been widely circulated in toward life. He wanted changes, but Ukraine, the understanding is not firmly national anthem and who reinforced the students’ Ukrainian identity and national pride. assumed they would somehow just come. An opening statement was delivered by Supreme Advisor Taras Szmagala Sr., conven- entrenched of the self-sufficiency of the He did not understand that real inner individual with unconditionally innate tion chairman, and the Ukrainian, Canadian and U.S. national anthems were sung by development comes “through overcoming soprano Nadya Wolanyk of the Dnipro chorus of Cleveland. freedom, as well as the values of the free- any ideologizing of consciousness, through dom of the individual per se, of the indi- Bishop Joseph Schmondiuk of the Ukrainian Catholic Eparchy of Stamford, Conn., development of your individual self.” blessed the monument. The Rev. Bohdan Smyk of Utica, N.Y., who was a convention dele- vidual who observes clear moral princi- “I understood for the first time that real ples,” Antoniuk shared. gate and chairman of the elections committee, assisted the blessing and added remarks. patriotism, not that which is for show Deceased UNA members were commemorated with the singing of Memory Eternal Svitlychny’s arrest during the first wave alone, is always quiet, always serious and (“Vichnaya Pamiat”). of arrests of Ukrainian intellectuals in 1965 always civic, and not ethnic in a narrow (Continued on page 13) sense,” he wrote, (Continued on page 15) No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 7

COMMENTARY World War II Victory Days marked differently in Ukraine and Russia Latinized? History will probably remember 2020 this addition was rescinded in the as the year of the Coronavirus. It is also the Ukrainian Catholic Church in North 300th anniversary of a relatively forgotten America, though one still hears it in but still influential Church synod. Ukraine. At that time, what is today Ukraine was Although the Orthodox bishops who divided between Russia and Poland- requested re-union with the Roman Church Lithuania. Having defeated the Kozaks’ last in June 1595 had insisted in their “Articles” bid for freedom at Poltava in 1709, Peter I’s that their rite be preserved intact, and autocratic, expansionist Russian empire although the Holy See had agreed to this in was on the rise. Sweden was on the wane. The Polish-Lithuanian “nobles’ republic,” host of liturgical changes that brought the with its Saxon king and parliamentary sys- UniatesDecember, closer the Synodto the ofRoman Zamość rite. codified Among a tem, was weak and disorganized, gradually them were low (“read”) masses, baptism of becoming a virtual Russian protectorate. infants by sprinkling rather than immer- The Patriarchate of Moscow, having illegally sion, liturgies at side altars, and the ringing annexed the Kyivan Orthodox Metropoli­ of small bells during the service. The addi- tanate in 1685-1686, would be abolished in tion of warm water (zeon or teplota) to the 1721 under Tsar Peter’s reforms, which chalice was abolished, and a cloth was sub- made the Church practically an arm of the stituted for the sponge. Chrismation was Facebook/Volodymyr Zelenskyy state. But in the Polish-Lithuanian Common­ permitted; infant communion was not. On Victory Day in Ukraine, President Volodymyr Zelenskyy greets two veterans: wealth, the Church union was growing, as (Peter Galadza, “Liturgical Latinization and Ukrainian Insurgent Army messenger Paraskeva Zelenchuk-Potiak and 101-year-old the Peremyshl Eparchy joined it in the 1690s Kievan Ecumenism: Losing the Koine of Ivan Zaluzhnyi, a Marine captain of the Soviet armed forces. and, in the early 1700s, the Lviv and Lutsk Koinonia,” Logos, Vol. 35 (1994), Nos. 1-4, eparchies, the Lviv Dormition Brotherhood, pp. 173-194, at 183-185; o. Iuliian Katrii, by Myron Melnyk Ukraine’s total losses in the war ranged and the Pochayiv Monastery. It was time to ChSVV, “Piznai Svii Obriad, 3rd ed., Lviv, from 8 million to 10 million people – equal consolidate and organize the Ruthenian 2004; Viktor Zaslavsky, “Skhidna Tserkva u May 8 marked the 75th anniversary of to the population of modern Austria or (Belarusian-Ukrainian) Uniate Metropoli­ Yevropeiskykh Shatakh: Zamoiskyi Synod Victory in Europe Day (VE-Day), the end of Hungary. There are only two countries in tanate. A provincial synod was planned in 1720 Roku,” Patriarkhat, No. 2, 2017, pp. World War II in Europe, specifically the the world whose total losses exceeded the Lviv. 24-26.) capitulation of Nazi forces to the Allies (the losses of the Ukrainian people in World War It was an epidemic, in fact, in that caused As Sophia Senyk points out, many of Soviet Union, Canada, France, the United II: Russia (14 million) and China (15 mil- its transfer to the exquisite Renaissance these “Latinizations” had already been Kingdom, the United States and other lion). introduced by the Uniates themselves, Allied countries). Joining with the United On the battlefront, Ukrainians’ fight September 1720, the synod was attended by especially after the Khmelnytsky rebellion, States and Europe in this milestone event, against the Nazis predated that of the USSR. Metropolitantown of Zamość Lev (Zamostya). Kyshka, sevenHeld in bishops, August- when their Church lost its cultural confi- both Ukraine and Russia sought to com- Ukrainians of the Transcarpathian region of 129 priests and monks, and two laymen dence. Prompted by feelings of inferiority, memorate this occasion – the former to pre-war Czechoslovakia first challenged the from the Lviv brotherhood, as well as the they drew closer to the Latin rite. In the gain proper recognition for its role in the Nazis in 1938, when Nazi Germany papal nuncio, Girolamo Grimaldi. Confirmed midst of an advanced Western culture, this victory and to draw attention to the ongo- annexed the Sudetenland. Ukrainians clus- by the Holy See in 1724, its decrees affect may have been inevitable. (Sofia Senyk, ing Russia-sponsored conflict on its territo- tered in the Carpathian region of the coun- the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church to this “Latynizatsiya v Ukrainskii Katolytskii ry, and the latter as another opportunity to try declared independence in 1939 and day. (Yurii Fedoriv, Istoriya Tserkvy v Tserkvi,” Zbirnyk Prats Yuvileinoho build national self-esteem and to present formed Carpathian Ukraine. Thousands of Ukraini, Lviv, 2001, pp. 250-252.) Konhresu, Munich 1988/1989, pp. 269- itself as a dominant world power. Ukrainians from the region, joined by com- Ukrainian Orthodox historians have 286). Viktor Zaslavsky similarly argues that patriots from the Ukrainian population of taken a dim view of the Zamostian Synod In Ukraine surrounded by the flourishing European Poland, fought heroically against the enemy and its consequences. Volodymyr Anto­ culture of Poland-Lithuania, the Uniate On April 9, 2015, the Verkhovna Rada of in 1938-1939 in the military organization clergy and faithful naturally absorbed Latin Ukraine adopted the Law on De-Commun­ Carpathian Sich until the Nazis and their became “a kind of crusade” whose propo- consciousness and aesthetics as well as ization, which helped to introduce in Hungarian allies consolidated their grip on novychnents were wrote filled that afterwith Zamość,“fanaticism” the union and practices such as statues and side altars, Ukraine the European tradition of a prayer- these territories. “bereft of all religious and human morality” pews, bells, frequent confession and com- In 1939, 120,000 Ukrainians from the ful and solemn celebration of the victory (“Narys Stanovyshcha Pravo­slavnoyi munion, and eucharistic processions Halychyna region fought losing battles in over Nazism in World War II. On that date, Tserkvy na Ukraini vid Polovyny XVII do (Zaslavsky 26). the Polish Army against Wehrmacht troops. Ukraine adopted the Day of Remembrance Kintsia XVII st.,” in M. Hrushevsky, O. Levy­ The Greek-Catholic Lviv synods of 1891 Some 6 million to 7 million Ukrainians and Reconciliation (to be observed on May tsky, “Rozvidky pro Tserkovni Vidnosyny na and 1992 confirmed the Zamostian liturgi- fought in the Soviet Army in 1941-1945, 8), which occurs before the now Russian Ukraini-Rusy XVI-XVIII vv,” Lviv 1900, cal precepts, and although an Instruction of comprising up to 25 percent of the combat- holiday of Victory Day (May 9). reprint 1991, pp. 135-136). the Congregation for the Eastern Churches ants – by far the largest non-Russian con- In the legislation, the Parliament explicit- Some of the synodal decisions, such as effectively revoked most of them in 1996, ly banned Communist and Nazi propagan- tingent. Among them were 200 generals those confirming the primacy of the Pope and seven commanders of various armies several are still practiced today. This is no da. And it replaced use of the Soviet (and and requiring his commemoration at litur- trivial matter, as faith and liturgy are inti- now Russian) term “the Great Patriotic and fronts. Over 3 million military fighters gies, were fundamental and self-evident. died in combat or in prisons. Half of the mately connected. War” with “World War II.” This change had Others concerned practical matters like survivors sustained injuries and remained Many Ukrainian Catholics decry the great significance since between 1939 and diocesan administration, property, semi- invalids. For their heroism, 2.5 million med- 1941 the USSR was in a pact with Germany naries and clerical education, and the als were awarded and over 2,000 Ukrainian Latinization? Ms. Senyk holds that and invaded six countries while the Nazis duties of priests. Confession and commu- combatants were recognized with the pres- LatinizationLatinizing effectsis not every of Zamość. borrowing What from is were occupying Europe. As its new com- nion were regulated. Monasteries were tigious title Hero of the Soviet Union, some the West, but rather the “passive and memorative symbol, Ukraine embraced the reformed and united under the Basilians. uncritical acceptance of everything foreign several times over. Simony was forbidden, as were multiple red poppy to honor victims of all military and the simultaneous neglect and oblivion Importantly, the Ukrainian Institute of mass intentions. Fasts and holidays were and civilian armed conflicts. With this initia- of what is one’s own.” It is inappropriate National Remembrance (UINR) recognizes defined. Teaching on relics, miracles, and tive Ukraine moved closer to the West in its when it introduces what is “foreign to the the formations of the Ukrainian Insurgent the cult of saints was clarified. A single ser- commemoration, both in date and in spirit. spirit of the Eastern Church.” But every age Army (UPA), comprising up to 100,000 sol- vice-book was mandated. Only Basilians – The Soviet-legacy Victory Day is still understands this differently (Senyk 280). diers, who actively fought against the Nazi the best educated of the clergy – were eligi- observed on May 9 in Ukraine to honor the Father Peter Galadza defines Latinization invaders and later, until the 1950s, against ble to become bishops. aging veterans of World War II and their as “the importing or imposition on the Soviet system. According to UINR Controversially, however – and despite families, but without the fanfare of military Byzantine rite worship of the spirit, prac- sources, some 80,000 Ukrainians from the the expressed will of the bishops in 1595 – parades or displays of might and weapons. tices and priorities of Latin liturgy and the- diaspora were on the fronts with the the synod added the filioque (“i syna” – According to the publication commemo- ology.” They are “inappropriate” if they are United States Army, 45,000 with the British “and from the Son”) to the Creed. Recently, rating the 70th anniversary of the victory Royal Army (including representatives of “inorganic to the Byzantine system.” They over Nazism in World War II that was the Ukrainian diaspora in Canada – then a are “inorganic” if “the structural, theologi- released five years ago by the Ukrainian Andrew Sorokowski can be reached at Institute of National Remembrance, (Continued on page 15) [email protected]. (Continued on page 14) 8 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20 No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 9

75TH ANNIVERSARY OF VICTORY IN EUROPE DAY Joint statement by the United States, A shared history and Central and Eastern European countries and a shared future The following is a joint statement by the U. S. secretary of The events of 1956, creation and activities of the The message below was released by U.S. Secretary of State state and the foreign affairs ministers of Bulgaria, the Czech Charter 77, the Solidarity movement, the Baltic Way, the Michael R. Pompeo on May 8. Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Autumn of Nations of 1989, and the collapse of the Berlin Romania and Slovakia. The statement was released by the Wall were important milestones which contributed deci- Today we mark 75 years since the end of hostilities in U.S. Department of State on May 7. sively to the recreation of freedom and democracy in Europe in the Second World War. We pay tribute today to all Europe. those who stood up for humanity and freedom in the face of Marking the 75th anniversary of the end of the Second Today, we are working together toward a strong and tyranny, and we honor the sacrifices of all service members World War in 2020, we pay tribute to the victims and to all free Europe, where human rights, democracy and the rule involved in ridding the world of Nazi, fascist and other soldiers who fought to defeat Nazi Germany and put an of law prevail. The future should be based on the facts of aggression. end to the Holocaust. history and justice for the victims of totalitarian regimes. We remember with sorrow the unique suffering of the While May 1945 brought the end of the Second World We are ready for dialogue with all those interested in pur- Jewish people in the Holocaust and the merciless slaughter War in Europe, it did not bring freedom to all of Europe. suing these principles. Manipulating the historical events of so many other innocent civilians. As we honor their mem- The central and eastern part of the continent remained that led to the Second World War and to the division of ory, we renew our vow to never allow such atrocities to take under the rule of communist regimes for almost 50 years. Europe in the aftermath of the war constitutes a regretta- place again. The Baltic States were illegally occupied and annexed and ble effort to falsify history. We remember today, too, that for many people living in the iron grip over the other captive nations was enforced We would like to remind all members of the interna- countries that were behind the Iron Curtain after the war, by the Soviet Union using overwhelming military force, tional community that lasting international security, sta- the end of the war marked the start, or continuation, of a dif- repression and ideological control. bility and peace requires genuine and continuous adher- ferent kind of oppression. For many decades, numerous Europeans from the cen- ence to international law and norms, including the sover- Since 1945, trans-Atlantic cooperation has been vital in tral and eastern part of the continent sacrificed their lives eignty and territorial integrity of all states. By learning the promoting peace, democracy and tolerance, and in upholding striving for freedom, as millions were deprived of their cruel lessons of the Second World War, we call on the our shared values of freedom and the rule of law. After the fall rights and fundamental freedoms, subjected to torture and international community to join us in firmly rejecting the of the Iron Curtain, more people were free to live under these forced displacement. Societies behind the Iron Curtain des- concept of spheres of influence and insisting on equality of common democratic values. We have a shared history. And in perately sought a path to democracy and independence. all sovereign nations. the spirit of collaboration, we look forward to a shared future.

Remembering We must heed the lessons of history The following statement was released on May 8 by the Eastern Europe. For over four decades, Ukraine was forced the full history Ukrainian World Congress. to continue its struggle against the Soviet regime that per- secuted and denied the Ukrainian people the fundamental of World War II On May 8, the 75th anniversary of the Victory Day in right to live freely. Following are excerpts of remarks delivered on May 7 by Europe, the Ukrainian World Congress (UWC) joins the inter- Today, the people of Ukraine are once again forced to U.S. Ambassador James S. Gilmore III to the Vienna-based national community in solemn commemoration for the mil- fight for their land and freedom as Russia seeks to subju- Permanent Council of the Organization for Security and lions of victims and in eternal gratitude to the brave men and gate Ukraine to its imperialistic rule. Russia, the modern- women who made the ultimate sacrifice for a free world. day aggressor state, seeks to utilize World War II symbols Cooperation in Europe. World War II, which had begun in 1939 with the Nazi- to justify and glorify its occupation of Crimea and invasion Soviet invasion and dismemberment of Poland, became the of the Ukrainian Donbas. Through state-financed cam- …Today, we recognize the shared sacrifice, enduring most brutal war in human history. Its cost is beyond calcu- paigns like “Bezsmernyi Polk,” Russia seeks to present commitment, and unflinching bravery of the Allied forces lation: in Ukraine alone, over 8 million lives were lost, over Soviet totalitarianism in a positive light, whitewash the and the underground movements in defeating the Axis 2 million people were forcibly deported. Today we pay trib- horrific crimes of Soviet Communism and affirm the cult of powers in Europe. The people of many countries made ute to millions of Ukrainian men and women who bravely Stalin’s Soviet victory in World War II, using this propagan- great sacrifices and endured enormous suffering and loss fought in the World War II, among them over 250 000 da to fuel the war in the Donbas. of life. … Ukrainians who served in Polish, French, British, U.S. and “As we commemorate the millions of World War II victims As we teach our children about the horrors of the con- Canadian armed forces. We owe them an eternal debt that and pay tribute to those who fought for a free world, the centration camps, the massacres, and the deportations, can never be repaid. UWC calls upon the international community to heed the les- let us also tell the stories of the righteous citizens who Caught between the totalitarian and murderous sons of history. We must not appease a modern-day tyrant protected their neighbors, the soldiers who sacrificed empires of Hitler and Stalin, Ukrainian people fought val- who is attempting to rebuild the Russian empire,” stated Paul everything to fight fascism, the ordinary citizens who rose iantly against both occupying regimes. The end of World Grod, UWC president. “During these commemorations, up to resist occupation, and all those who fought for free- War II did not bring peace or freedom to Ukraine. Instead, Ukrainians together with other Eastern European and Baltic dom and stood up in defense of the rights and lives of oth- Stalin’s Soviet Union brought oppression and tyranny to peoples will remember Stalin’s murderous legacy and the ers. We should never forget the unique suffering of the Ukraine, as well as to many other captive nations of crimes of the Soviet Union as a prison of captive nations.” Jewish people in the Holocaust, nor the merciless slaugh- ter of so many other innocent civilians by the brutal Nazi regime. … In remembering the full history of the second world war we cannot forget that for many peoples in Central and Their name liveth for evermore Eastern Europe, the end of Nazi oppression was replaced The Ukrainian Canadian Congress on May 8 issued the in Canada’s armed forces in World War II, approximately by the imposition or re-imposition, against their wills, of statement below. one in 10 Ukrainian Canadians fought for Canada. Today Communist repression. For them, the full blessings of liber- we honor their service and remember their contribution in ty that Western Europe celebrated in 1945 did not arrive Today marks the 75th anniversary of Victory in Europe defense of our freedom.” until 1989, 1990, or later. Indeed, it was the human rights Day (V-E Day). On May 8, 1945, Nazi Germany surrendered On the Western front, the Western Allies liberated provisions of the Helsinki Final Act, establishing the OSCE, to the Western Allies and the Soviet Union. World War II in Europe from Nazi despotism. With the Allied Forces, free- which helped enable those peoples to recover their free- Europe, which began with the German-Soviet invasion and dom and peace returned to western Europe. On the dom and human rights. occupation of Poland, ended. Eastern Front, Stalin’s Soviet Union brought more subjuga- While the Soviet Union’s military and civilian popula- Today we unite in solemn commemoration of the millions tion, death and oppression to the captive nations of eastern tion made tremendous sacrifices to defeat the Nazis, as our of victims of the most brutal war ever inflicted upon humani- Europe. Liberation and deliverance from tyranny would Russian colleague has reminded us today – and we honor ty and in eternal gratitude to those who fell in the service of come to eastern Europe only decades later with the down- those sacrifices entirely and completely – we should also our country in the struggle for freedom. The memory of the fall of Communism and the collapse of the Soviet Union. not forget that the second world war began in 1939, when Nazi German death camps and the blood-soaked battlefields Caught between the genocidal regimes of Hitler and Stalin and Hitler aligned through a pact that divided of Europe warn us of man’s capacity for evil and instills in us Stalin, the Ukrainian people fought valiantly against both Eastern Europe into Soviet- and Nazi-controlled zones. I’m an eternal vigilance against inhumanity. occupiers. We honor their sacrifice and their courage. For confident our Polish friends today have not forgotten that “More than 1 million Canadians and Newfoundlanders four decades after the end of WWII, the Ukrainian people fact for one second. served in the Second World War with more than 45,000 struggled for their freedom, which they finally won in For many nations of Europe, 1945 marked not a return paying the ultimate price. Canadian soldiers participated in 1991. to freedom, but rather the beginning of almost 50 years of all of the major European theaters, including the Italian Today, that freedom is again under threat. Russia once oppression by the Soviet Union. The road to true liberation Campaign, liberations of Holland, Belgium and France, again wages war and seeks to subjugate Ukraine to has been long, and in some cases, societies are still travel- defense of the United Kingdom, army operations and Moscow’s tyranny. Ukraine’s brave sons and daughters ing along that road. We call on Russia to stop making self- bombing of Germany and the Battle of the Atlantic,” stated take up arms and defend their country and their liberty. aggrandizing claims based on purposeful misrepresenta- Capt. (ret’d) Andre Sochaniwsky CD, President of the We are certain that the Ukrainian people will be victorious, tions of history. We stand in solidarity with our European Ukrainian War Veterans Association of Canada. “It is esti- for their struggle is just and their cause is righteous. partners against Russia’s falsification of history. … mated that more than 40,000 Ukrainian Canadian served Lest We Forget. Vichnaya Pamiat. 10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

У глибокому смутку повідомляємо, що у четвер, 30-го квітня 2020 року, на 81-му році життя, з Божої волі, відійшов у вічність від нас наш найдорожчий Тато і Вуйко. св. п. Тарас Гірняк

Покійний, народився в Бережанах, був довголітнім членом і ви- ховником в Пласті, належав до пластового куреня „Чота Крилатих“ THE UKRAINIAN AMERICAN i активно уділявся в суспільній праці в громаді і при церкві св. Юра BAR ASSOCIATION в Ню-Йорку Залишив у глибокому смутку : deeply mourns the loss of our founding member, доньку - Наталію ( Талю) кузина - Івана Олесківа з родиною в Україні former president, former member of the board, colleague and friend, Похорон відбувся в середу, 6-го травня, на цвинтарі св. Андрія в Савт Бавнд Бруку. Заупокійнa св. Літургiя була відправлена 7-го травня о 6:00 год. вечора в церкві св. Юра в Ню Йорку: Myroslaw Smorodsky, Esq. В 40-ий день відходу у вічність св. п. Тараса буде відправлена Служба Божа в церкві св. Юра в Ню Йорку 9-го червня, (передбачено who passed into Eternal Rest on April 30, 2020. о 6:00 год. вечора). Вічна Йому пам’ять! We extend our heartfelt sympathy and condolences Будемо вдячні за ваші молитви і, замість квітів, за ваші пожертви на Пластову оселю „Новий Сокіл“: to his family and friends, and the many members Novyi Sokil Land Campaign of the Ukrainian community in the United States, c/o Olena May Canada, Ukraine and throughout the world whose 57 Sonnet Drive Orchard Park, NY 14127 lives he touched both professionally and personally. або на церкву чи школу св. Юра в Ню Йорку. May He Rest in Eternal Peace. Вічная пам’ять!

TO PLACE YOUR AD CALL WALTER HONCHARYK (973) 292-9800 x3040 or e-mail [email protected]

SERVICES PROFESSIONALS Patricia Ann Mokrycki, 60, of Palm Harbor, Florida, passed away on Sunday, April 19, 2020, from injuries sustained in a car accident. Patricia was the daughter of the late Stefan and Alice (Gurbel) Mokrycki. She was born in Hartford, CT on Sunday, July 12, 1959, and lived in Hartford, CT until 1972, when she moved with her parents and brother to WethersŠ eld, CT. In 2012, Patricia moved to Palm Harbor, Florida to be closer to her relatives. Patricia was a graduate of WethersŠ eld High School, Class of 1978, and worked for many years at The Travelers and United Healthcare in Hartford, CT. Most recently, she was employed as a Trust Associate at Family Network on Disabilities in Palm Harbor, FL. Since childhood Patricia was a parishioner of St. Michael Ukrainian Catholic МАРІЯ ДРИЧ Church in Hartford, CT and a member of its Sacred Heart Guild. She attended St. HELP WANTED Ліцензований Продавець Страхування Життя Michael Ukrainian Parochial School in Hartford and was an active member of the following Ukrainian-American organizations in Hartford, CT: Ukrainian National Need full time experienced housekeeper МАRІA DRICH Home, Ukrainian Congress Committee of America (UCCA), Women’s Association for for 6 mo baby. Also need to shop, cook, Licensed Life Insurance Agent Defense of Four Freedoms for Ukraine (WADFFU), Ukrainian American Youth Assn clean small apartment, laundry etc. Ukrainian National Assn., Inc. (CYM) and Ukrainian National Association Branch 277 - St John the Baptist Society. Prefer Œ uent Spanish, Ukrainian, English 2200 Route 10, Parsippany, NJ 07054 From March 21, 2010 until May 25, 2014, Patricia served as the Trustee of speaker by June. Beautiful Battery Park Tel.: 973-292-9800 ext. 3035 St. Michael’s Ukrainian Catholic Church in Hartford, during which time she e-mail: [email protected] was instrumental in organizing the 2011 centennial celebration of the parish. apt. Tel.: 631-807-4992 ANNA Patricia was also a member of the Organizing Committee of the 1985 Ukrainian Youth for Christ Convention held in Stamford CT. When Patricia moved to Florida in 2012, she became a parishioner of Run your advertisement here, Epiphany of Our Lord Ukrainian Catholic Church in St. Petersburg, Florida and in 2016 became a member of the Ukrainian National Women’s League of America in The Ukrainian Weekly’s CLASSIFIEDS section. (UNWLA), Branch 124 in St. Petersburg, Florida. Patricia was devoted to her faith, family and friends. She donated her time and energy to both the local and Ukrainian communities and was always willing to lend a helping hand, whether to prepare Easter Baskets for the elderly; collect and process donations for orphanages in Ukraine; support youth and women’s association activities; volunteer at annual church festivals and holiday celebrations in Connecticut and Florida; or serve on the Technology Committee of UNWLA Branch 124. She leaves behind to cherish her memory, brother Stephen in Auburndale, Florida, nieces Stephanie and Elizabeth and nephews Michael and Daniel in the Hartford, CT area, many cousins and close friends in Connecticut, Florida and Ukraine. A 40th day memorial liturgy will be held on Thursday, May 28, 2020 at 7:00pm at both, St. Michael Ukrainian Catholic Church, 135 WethersŠ eld Avenue, Hartford, CT 06114 and at Epiphany of Our Lord Ukrainian Catholic Church, 434 90th Avenue North, St Petersburg, FL 33702. Donations in Patricia’s memory may be made to charities of the donor’s choice or https://www.diabetes.org/donate/donate-memorial. Вічная пам’ять! Eternal Memory. No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 11

COVID mitigation, and the secretary urged Rice said in response to an information included strengthening the rule of law, fight- NEWSBRIEFS further progress on rule of law and eco- request from Ukrinform. “Given an unprece- ing corruption, strengthening the competi- (Continued from page 2) nomic reforms.” Also reported was that dented uncertainty surrounding the eco- tive environment, opening markets, reduc- Secretary Pompeo “condemned Russia’s nomic and financial outlook and the need to ing the role of oligarchs, pursuing prudent achieve a diplomatic resolution to the and its proxies’ efforts to exploit the COVID- focus policy priorities on new-term contain- fiscal policies to ensure sustainable develop- Russia-instigated conflict in Ukraine’s 19 pandemic” by spreading disinformation ment and stabilization, negotiations have ment in the medium term, and ensuring the Donbas region and the results of the April and further restricting the movement of shifted to this 18-month Stand-By independence and financial stability of the 30 Normandy Format virtual Foreign monitors of the Organization for Security Arrangement,” he said. Mr. Rice added that central bank. The amount of funding under Ministerial. The secretary commended and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) and “there’s an ongoing virtual mission that is the new Stand-By Arrangement has not yet Ukraine’s conflict diplomacy in the face of humanitarian organizations in eastern discussing policies that could be supported been announced. The EFF was established Russia’s intransigence and continued Ukraine. (U.S. Department of State) by what would be a Stand-By Arrangement, to provide assistance to countries experi- aggressive behavior.” The spokesperson rather than the Extended Fund Facility.” encing serious payment imbalances IMF and Kyiv discuss new aid program also noted: “The secretary reiterated reso- According to him, the SBA “could provide because of structural impediments or slow lute U.S. support for Ukraine’s sovereignty Negotiations between the International balance of payment support to reinforce the growth and an inherently weak balance-of- and territorial integrity, and emphasized Monetary Fund (IMF) and Kyiv are now authorities’ response” to the effects of the payments position. The SBA framework that the United States will continue to aimed not at securing a three-year COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and allows the IMF to respond quickly to coun- impose costs on Russia, including through Extended Fund Facility (EFF) for Ukraine, health care. Last December, the IMF reached tries’ external financing needs and to sup- sanctions, until Russia implements the but at achieving the conditions for launch- an agreement with the Ukrainian leadership port their adjustment policies with short- Minsk agreements and ends its occupation ing a Stand-By Arrangement (SBA), which on a new $5.5 billion Extended Fund Facility term financing. (Ukrinform) of Crimea. The secretary and foreign minis- provides for smaller volumes and will last (EFF). It was stressed that Ukraine had to ter stressed the continued importance of for 18 months, IMF Spokesperson Gerry fulfill preliminary requirements. These (Continued on page 12)

On April 25, 2020, mother and housewife. After moving to Rhode Island, her second son, Alexander, was born in 1958. Through much Tatiana Chudolij of her active life Tatiana was involved in the local Ukrainian- a loving wife, mother of 2 sons, grandmother of American community and organizations such as the 4 grandchildren and 1 great-grandchild, passed Ukrainian-American Women’s League of America. She was away at the age of 98. A longtime resident of a parishioner of St. Michael’s Ukrainian Orthodox Church in North Providence, RI, Tatiana spent the last 9 Woonsocket, RI. years residing at Heritage Hills Nursing Center in Smithfield, RI. Tatiana was preceded in death by 4 decades by her beloved Born on March 1, 1922 in Mariupil, Ukraine to parents Maria husband, Dr. Peter Chudolij, and is survived by her two sons and Ivan Tahryn, Tatiana grew up with a love of the piano, George with wife Karen, and Alexander with wife Lillianna, 4 which included performances on Ukrainian radio. grandchildren: Peter, Nicholas, Danielle and Chelsea Chudolij Tatiana’s graduate education was brought to an end with Gularek with husband Jordan, and great-grandson Bowen the outbreak of World War II. Having completed part of her Gularek. medical school program, she and her family were ultimately Due to Rhode Island state mandated COVID-19 forced to flee to a displaced person’s camp, where she restrictions, the funeral home viewing, memorial service worked as a nurse assistant. It was there that she met her Tatiana Chudolij and burial at St. Michael’s Ukrainian Orthodox Church future husband Petro, a physician from Kharkiv, Ukraine. March 1, 1922 – April 25, 2020 Cemetery in Blackstone, MA on Saturday morning, May 2, Upon immigrating to America after the war, Tatiana 2020, were private and limited to immediate family only. worked as a nurse at North Hudson Hospital (NJ) and her first son, George, Condolences may be forwarded directly to the Chudolij Family at 281 was born in 1950. After a period of time, Tatiana opted to be a full-time Urma Avenue, Clifton, NJ 07013. 12 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

Kolomoisky... (Continued from page 1) country to muddle through the crisis at a reasonable cost. The plan to fund the huge fiscal deficit is largely based on the availability of funds from external lenders,” he wrote. Signalling the seriousness of the vote, President Zelenskyy was present when it occurred and was seen applauding when the result was known. In the end, 270 deputies supported the bill, with 226 required for it to be adopted as law. Only 200 deputies from Mr. Zelenskyy’s faction, of the 231 who were present, backed it, together with 23 from former President Petro Poroshenk­ o’s European Solidarity, 18 from rock-singer Svyatoslav Vakachurk’s Voice Party, and independent lawmakers. Ms. Tymo ­shenko and her faction, together with the pro-Rus- sian Opposition Bloc – for Life, voted against. Does this and the recent voting on the land reform bill suggest a new potential reconfiguration of political forces in the Verkhovna Rada? It is still too early to say, and much A photo collage by RFE/RL Graphics: Mikheil Saakashvili and President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. will depend on the strategy and tactics that Mr. Zelenskyy will choose to employ at this juncture. implicitly undermined the responsibilities of the newly months, is also limited. The role of former Georgian president – and now, once appointed prime minister, Denys Shmyhal, not to mention At the beginning of March, Kyiv was still expecting to again, controversial Ukrainian politician – Mikheil bring Mr. Saakashvili face to face again with his political foe receive, as Mr. Zelenskyy told the Rada, up to $8 billion Saakashvili could be crucial. It is still not clear why from the Poroshenko era, Minister of Internal Affairs Arsen from the IMF. But on May 7, IMF spokesperson Gerry Rice President Zelenskyy had unexpectedly decided in recent Avakov. confirmed that negotiations between the IMF and Kyiv are weeks to co-opt this headstrong and seemingly intractable The move turned into a fiasco because not enough now aimed not at securing a three-year Extended Fund figure into his inner team. And he persisted in aligning national deputies in the Parliament, including within Facility (EFF) for Ukraine, but at achieving the conditions himself with Mr. Saakashvili despite not only the powerful Zelenskyy’s own faction, were prepared to accept Mr. for launching a Stand-By Arrangement (SBA), which pro- foes the Georgian has made within the Ukrainian oligarchic Saakashvili. Eventually, on 7 May, the president appointed vides for smaller volumes and will last for 18 months. The set-up and the political elite, but also the considerable Mr. Saakashvili as head of the country’s National Reform amount of funding under the new SBA has not yet been resistance he has generated from within the Servant of the Council, a body that seems so far to have existed only on announced. People party. paper. Lisa Yasko, a deputy from Servant of the People and Some observers believe that the president is gambling For the ambitious Georgian to make any real difference, head of the Ukrainian delegation to the Parliamentary that Mr. Saakashvili, who still actively promotes and retains he will need to be empowered practically and backed up, Assembly of the Council of Europe, told the Atlantic Council in many quarters the image of an uncompromising reform- regardless of the risks that are entailed. All depends on the on May 12 that she is “cautiously optimistic.” In her view, er and opponent of corruption, is what is needed for the will and motives of the president. Mr. Saakashvili “has the potential to make a positive contri- sake of appearances or to actually re-energize the flagging Mr. Zelenskyy says he doesn’t expect to see the results of bution rather than serving as a destructive influence as reform effort, or both. Some also note that Mr. Saakashvili Mr. Saakashvili’s appointment immediately, but only after a some skeptics might argue.” But, “a lot will depend on atti- could also be useful later on as a scapegoat to deflect atten- few months. “This will primarily mean deregulation in the tudes among the Cabinet of Ministers and members of tion away from Mr. Zelenskyy if things do not improve. business environment and reform of the customs service,” Parliament.” Last month, President Zelenskyy tried to appoint the as well as attracting investors, he told the media on May 9. Certainly, much will now depend on the unlikely combi- Georgian fireband as deputy prime minister responsible The situation is certainly difficult. Even the IMF has indi- nation of the experienced former Georgian president and for reform. This was a rather bizarre idea, considering that cated that its patience and confidence, given the various the current inexperienced Ukrainian one managing to such a ministry did not exist and would immediately have ambiguous signs emanating from Ukraine in the last few work in tandem.

southern EU members, was insisting on ered to take this case to deliver,” she said in filming an anti-lockdown protest. In a NEWSBRIEFS putting in brackets the two phrases, mean- 2018. “This is a dirty, dirty, dirty contract.” statement on May 7, the media-freedom ing that unanimity has not yet been Ms. Tymoshenko reportedly hired the law watchdog says the incident came amid (Continued from page 11) reached on the language. Other parts of the firm Reid Collins & Tsai after The Times “many other cases of threats and acts of document were slightly watered down. For interview to determine if it was possible to aggression and intimidation” against jour- Agreement on Eastern Partnership aspirations instance, in a phrase saying that the council sue Skadden over the report, two people nalists since a public-health emergency After two weeks of negotiations among “reaffirms the joint commitment to build- familiar with the arrangement told The was declared in parts of Ukraine on March European Union diplomats, the bloc’s 27 ing a common area of shared democracy, Times. Skadden paid $11 million or more 20. “It is unacceptable for the police to join member states have reached agreement on prosperity and stability,” the word “securi- to settle before a suit was filed, people in the wave of violence that Ukrainian the membership “aspirations” and eco- ty” was omitted. (Rikard Jozwiak of RFE/ familiar with the settlement said, accord- journalists have suffered since the start of nomic “integration” of their eastern neigh- RL) ing to The Times. Ms. Tymoshenko and her the public-health crisis,” said Jeanne bors into the bloc. The text, agreed on by lawyer, Sergei Vlasenko, who has also Cavelier, the head of RSF’s Eastern Europe U.S. law firm paid millions to Tymoshenko the ambassadors of the 27 EU countries on claimed he was treated unfairly by the and Central Asia desk. “This trend threat- May 5 and seen by RFE/RL, represents the An international law firm based in New Yanukovych government, each received ens the foundations of Ukrainian democra- response to the European Commission’s York paid at least $11 million to avoid about $5.5 million from the firm between cy and must be urgently reversed,” she communique on the Eastern Partnership being sued by Yulia Tymoshenko, Ukraine’s July and last month, the report said. In a added. During reporter Bohdan Kutiepov’s that was presented in March. The docu- former prime minister, according to The Facebook post on May 4, Ms. Tymoshenko live coverage of an April 29 protest outside ment is expected to be published in the New York Times in a story published on referred to a settlement: “Yes, the other day government headquarters in Kyiv for the coming days. The Eastern Partnership pro- May 10. The law firm Skadden, Arps, Slate, I received monetary compensation for online TV Hromadske, a policeman was gram was launched in 2009 and is meant Meagher & Flom paid the money after Ms. damage caused by political repression of heard telling him: “Either you take your to bring Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Tymoshenko accused the company of writ- 2011-2014... from a U.S. resident in the camera or I break it.” Mr. Kutiepov was Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine closer to the ing a report that was used to help justify stage of pre-trial settlement. This suggests filming the demonstrators from a nearby bloc without a clear offer of future mem- her imprisonment by a political rival, The that the United States is a truly legal state, park, but the police ordered him to leave bership. Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine Times reported. Ms. Tymoshenko was and human rights are not empty sound to and then pushed him to the ground, dam- have since inked Association Agreements imprisoned in 2011-2014 on abuse of them, but true value.” She said she had aging some of his equipment, RSF said, with the EU, including free-trade deals, but office charges that the international com- managed to achieve justice and said it was adding that the National Bureau of some member states have been reluctant munity widely condemned as politically more proof that her imprisonment was Investigation is investigating the incident to openly discuss the issue of the eventual motivated. In 2012, the New York law firm political. Neither Mr. Vlasenko nor Skadden as an “abuse of authority.” The investiga- accession of these countries. The European started representing Viktor Yanukovych’s responded to RFE/RL’s request for com- tion “must be conducted with complete Council “recalls the 2017 Eastern Moscow-aligned government and pro- ment. Last year, Skadden paid the transparency, and the law providing for Partnership Summit declaration which duced a report that Mr. Yanukovych’s sup- Department of Justice $4.6 million to settle specific sanctions in cases of obstruction of acknowledges the European aspirations porters used to condone Ms. Tymoshenko’s an investigation into whether the law journalists and threats and violence and European choice of the Eastern part- imprisonment. She was released after the firm’s work with Ukraine violated foreign against them must be applied in an exem- ners concerned,” the final document Yanukovych government fell in 2014 amid lobbying laws. (RFE/RL, with reporting by plary fashion,” Ms. Cavelier said. According agreed upon by the ambassadors reads. It protests against corruption and the gov- The New York Times and The Hill) to RSF, another assault on the media took also says that “continued alignment with ernment’s shift toward Moscow. Ms. place on the evening of May 1, when free- Media watchdog condemns ‘wave of violence’ the EU internal market and gradual eco- Tymoshenko told The Times in a 2018 lancer Mykyta Knysh was physically nomic integration” of eastern partner interview that “it was very painful” to hear The Paris-based Reporters Without attacked by a group of youths while cover- countries are “of key importance.” The about Skadden’s work while she was in Borders (Reporters sans Frontières, or ing respect for lockdown measures in the wording in the two sentences is very simi- prison. She accused the law firm of “white- RSF) is urging Ukrainian authorities to northeastern city of Kharkiv. Ukraine is lar to the language used in previous EU washing Yanukovych and his government” enforce legislation penalizing violence ranked 96th out of 180 countries in RSF’s documents. Several officials had previously for money. “It’s a pity that such a well- against journalists after a reporter was 2020 World Press Freedom Index. (RFE/ told RFE/RL that France, backed by some known company like Skadden even consid- assaulted by officers in Kyiv while he was RL) No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 13

continent and in another league. Next came three seasons Kozun cashes in with the KHL with the renowned Yaroslavl Lokomotiv franchise, where Today’s NHL, emphasizing speed over size, would eager- Kozun amassed 70G-109A-179PTS and 196PIM in 222 ly welcome a 5-foot-8, 165-pound right winger who can games with another seven goals, 21 assists and 28 points in score goals and set up his line mates. A youngster tallying 35 KHL playoff contests. Wearing No. 29 in the Yaroslavl 40 goals and 68 assists for 108 total points in his draft year program was a Ukrainian American who actually represent- would merit tons of recognition and at least a middle- ed Canada in the 2018 Olympic Games and was now earn- round selection in the NHL draft. Normally it would be ing a million-dollar salary plying his trade in Russia. expected the draftee would return to juniors for his final Kozun has successfully navigated the cultural differenc- year to fine tune his game and prepare for a future spot es between the NHL and the KHL. The leagues develop with the big club. Speed and skating ability have become players differently, with the training regimen and mentality paramount in pro hockey these days, but one must realize stricter in the Russian-based circuit. The quality of hockey the shift in dynamics is somewhat recent. and skill level of Russian players is very respectable with a Eleven years ago this was not the case. Ukrainian strong emphasis on hard work in order to achieve the Brandon Kozun was unranked by NHL Central Scouting desired results. The old Soviet system is still prevalent in after his superlative season with the Calgary Hitmen, went today’s KHL, where strict authority rules on and off the ice. undrafted and returned for a final year in juniors. He pro- Kozun relies on his knowledge of the Ukrainian lan- ceeded to win both the Western Hockey League and guage to help him communicate in his Russian-speaking Canadian Hockey League (all juniors) scoring titles locker room. He believes it is his responsibility to learn (32G-75A-107PTS) in his last junior season and was select- Anton Vasyatin some Russian if he is going to reside in Russia as a matter ed by the Los Angeles Kings in the sixth round of the 2009 Brandon Kozun in his Lokomotiv Yaroslavl jersey in of respect. Coaches rarely speak in English, most practices NHL Entry Draft, one year after going undrafted. 2018. are in Russian and an import player has to figure it out for To say Kozun was never given a fair shot at earning a himself. Systems are in place and it is expected everyone regular position in the NHL is an understatement. Not played the second half of the 2013-2014 season with the plays the same way or the system does not work. selected in his draft year, being drafted 179th overall after AHL Marlies (32GP-7G-10A-17PTS-32PIM). An impressive Kozun has talked with NHL clubs over the years, but a consecutive 100-plus point seasons in the tough WHL, training camp and pre-season earned him a spot with the perfect return scenario has yet to present itself. He contin- never suiting up for the Los Angeles Kings and a mere Maple Leafs for the 2014-2015 campaign. He scored his ues his development as a player, earning a most respect- 20-game trial with the Maple Leafs paint the picture of an first NHL point with an assist on Nazim Kadri’s goal in the able living while playing far from home. Speaking of which, unwanted, diminutive forward eager to showcase his skills club’s opener versus Montreal on October 8, 2014. After he was born in America, but moved to Canada at age 10, somewhere, anywhere pro hockey is played. being placed on waivers in mid-December, he stayed on and always felt he was raised with more Canadian roots. He In juniors, Kozun earned praise for his competitive with the organization, and in late February 2015 Kozun chose Canada over the U.S. to play in the World Junior nature and willingness to play any role his team required scored his first career NHL goal in his eighth NHL game. In Championships and the 2018 Winter Olympics where he of him. He displayed a strong sense of anticipation that 20 games with the Leafs he managed 2G-2A-4PTS and won a bronze medal. allowed him to see plays develop before they happen – a 6PIM. Kozun’s paternal grandmother was born in Ukraine and trait found in elite athletes. Most amateur scouts, however, relocated to America at a young age. He’s very close with argued he was too small for the NHL. KHL bound his grandma, grew up with her making Ukrainian food for His first professional season began in the AHL with the After five somewhat frustrating years trying to make it in the family and found it ironic that he ended up playing pro Kings’ Manchester Monarchs affiliate. In his first-ever the NHL, Kozun left Toronto on June 18, 2015, signing a one- hockey not too far from her birthplace. home game against Providence, Kozun scored two goals, year deal with Jokerit of the Kontinental Hockey League. He In early May 2019, Kozun inked a one-year free-agent the first of which was on a penalty shot. He went on to play made quite an impact with the KHL’s only Finland-based contract with Metallurg Magnitogorsk for over $1 million. in 264 regular season games for Manchester, notching 79 team, tallying 15 goals and 49 points in 58 games with 67 He totaled eight goals, 13 assists, 21 points and 36 PIM in goals, 100 assists and 179 points – solid AHL production minutes in penalties, leading the club in assists and points. 45 games during the 2019-2020 KHL season. that earned him nary a call-up to L.A. Finally given the opportunity to perform on a profession- In January 2014, Kozun was traded to Toronto and al stage, Kozun made the most of it, even if it was on another Ihor Stelmach may be reached at [email protected].

Lesia Ukrainka, located in the same Cultural Gardens. The Russia removes... Turning... crowd sang “Mnohaya Lita,” wishing the sculptor many (Continued from page 6) (Continued from page 6) more years. Today, the Hrushka monument stands on the grounds of over half the population saying that they view a dictator Supreme President Joseph Lesawyer explained the erec- Soyuzivka Heritage Center, where it was rededicated on responsible for the death of millions “with respect.” tion of the monument, which was designed to honor “the September 20, 1981, after the area around the Cultural Mr. Putin’s use of Victory Day and the glorification of the man who placed the Ukrainian cornerstone in the building Gardens had deteriorated. Soviet war against Nazi Germany began earlier, but it of America,” as the inscription on the pedestal stated. He became quite pathological after Russia’s invasion of Crimea added that this monument also is dedicated to all Source: “Rev. Hrushka monument unveiled in Cleveland,” and military aggression in eastern Ukraine. Ukrainian pioneers who contributed to the growth of the The Ukrainian Weekly, May 28, 1970; “Ukrainian-American It is probably the need to maintain this myth about the UNA and the Ukrainian community in North America. Citadel: The First One Hundred Years of the Ukrainian glorious Soviet army under the wise leadership of Anthony Dragan, Svoboda’s editor-in-chief, introduced National Association,” by Myron B. Kuropas (Boulder, Colo.: Comrade Stalin that has led to extraordinary attempts, Mr. Chereshniovsky, who also sculpted the monument to East European Monographs, 1996). including from diplomats, to blame Poland for World War II and to justify the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact which, in its secret protocols, agreed to carve up Poland. PRINT EDITION The reason is self-evident. Attempts to present the Subscribe to for $90 Soviet Union as having freed the world from fascism are ($80 if you are not well-served by the brutal facts regarding Stalin’s pact a UNA member) with Hitler and collaboration, which changed only on June 22, 1941, because of the Nazi invasion. ONLINE EDITION Since the facts are so clearly in the way, repressive for $40 measures have been used to prevent them from seeing the light of day. The most grotesque of these was the PRINT AND ONLINE prosecution of Vladimir Luzgin from Perm for reposting a for $95 text which stated that both Nazi Germany and the Soviet ($85 for UNA’ers). Union had invaded Poland in 1939. This was not some anomality from a provincial court, since the appeal against Mr. Luzgin’s conviction went to the Supreme Please contact Court. This effectively ruled that the Soviet Union did not invade Poland in 1939. The Supreme Court agreed with our Subscription the first court that the offending paragraph constituted Department at “the public denial of the Nuremberg Trials and circulation of false information about the activities of the USSR dur- subscription@ ing the years of the second world war.” ukrweekly.com The court issued its ruling on September 1, 2016, on the 77th anniversary of Nazi Germany’s invasion of Poland, 17 or 973-292-9800 days before the Soviet Union also invaded, as Mr. Luzgin’s ext. 3040. text had said. 14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20

UOC-U.S.A. ... (Continued from page 1) minimize contact and exposure. The food distribution takes place on Wednesday afternoons at the Spiritual Center of the UOC-U.S.A., from 1 p.m. until all the food is distributed that day (typically until 3 p.m. as advertised). An activity booklet, “Discover My Plate,” prepared by the United States Department of Agriculture, is included for children to rein- force good nutritional habits. This past Wednesday’s distribution was the seventh for the SALT Foundation, with previous distributions that began on March 18 at various locations in Somerset County. The UOC-U.S.A. and the Salt Foundation have been coordinating since April 29. Archbishop Daniel, via Facebook and the UOC-U.S.A. website, wrote on May 6: “Love www.saltfoundationinc.org Yaroslav Bilohan/UOC-USA comes in different shapes and forms! Claudia Wheeler, founder of the SALT Some of the food items being prepared for distribution to those in need. Earlier today, the love of God for those in Foundation. times of Covid-19 was shared through the past eight years, she has collected and modern food system go further in helping Agape meal (groceries) provided by the items are collected on Mondays and delivered over 65,000 pounds of fruit, vege- those who need help most. Gleaning – or Salt Foundation and the Ukrainian Tuesdays from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. at the tables, grains and other food products to gathering left-behind produce and other Orthodox Church of the U.S.A. at the Ukrainian Cultural Center at 135 Davidson dozens of organizations and thousands of food goods – is an increasingly important Spiritual Center (Metropolia) of the UOC of Ave. in Somerset. Many of the donated families. She has driven over 75,000 miles way to help provide families and individu- the U.S.A. in South Bound Brook/Somerset, items have come from Trader Joe’s and in partnering with supermarkets and food als with healthy food at no cost. N.J. Once again, we are truly grateful to the Wegmans food stores. stores including Trader Joe’s , Whole Foods, The SALT Foundation has successfully staff of the Ukrainian Cultural Center: Claudia Wheeler, the SALT Foundation Wawa, Raritan Bakery and others.” developed the following process to help Maureen Nevins – manager of the Cultural founder and executive director, stated: “You In addition to donations of food and feed the hungry in New Jersey’s Hudson, Center, Troy O’Prandy, Ihor Morozovsky should see the faces of the people who other items mentioned, readers can sup- Mercer, Middlesex and Ocean counties: and Mariya Morozovska, seminarians of St. come and some who have come before. port the effort, through PayPal on the SALT coordinate with supermarkets and other Sophia Ukrainian Orthodox Theological Happiness, gratefulness, feels like taking website (www.saltfoundation.org), includ- food suppliers to arrange pick-up times and Seminary, Fr. Vasyl Pasakas – dean of stu- care of family. That is what warms my heart ing designating Amazon donations through locations; collect thousands of pounds of dents, Subdeacon Yaroslav Bilohan, beyond anything. The other is that I feel so its Smile program (smile.amazon.com and food that would otherwise go to waste; and Subdeacon Myroslav Mykytyuk, seminari- privileged that God has used me to bring designate the SALT Foundation or the UOC- deliver that food on a timely basis to home- ans Pavlo Vysotskyi, Andrii Vatich and denominations together in service to his U.S.A.), register as a volunteer (www.the- less and women’s shelters, churches, food Maksym Zhuravchyk, as well as to the staff people in this time. So humbling. We saltfoundationinc.org), and promote the pantries, food drives and other groups and of the Salt Foundation of N.J. – especially prayed together to start and to close.” effort through Twitter (@SaltNJ) and individuals who need help the most. Ms. Claudia Lewis.” Ms. Wheeler is a U.S. Navy veteran and a Facebook (Facebook.com/SaltNJ). The The SALT Foundation also collects and Donations of non-perishable food items, public school teacher. The SALT Foundation SALT Foundation Inc., a 501 (c) (3) non- delivers books, clothes, supplies, and other toiletries, laundry essentials and baby website describes Ms. Wheeler’s work: “In profit charity, also has a GoFundMe page at educational goods and services to similar https://charity.gofundme.com/o/en/ audiences and other children and adults in donate-widget/4539. need. Using the biblical phrase “salt of the For additional information, Ms. Wheeler earth,” for those who work to help their fel- may be contacted at c.wheeler@saltfoun- low man, the SALT Foundation, founded in dationinc.org. Readers may also visit the 2017, works to do just that by making the UOC-U.S.A. website, www.uocofusa.org.

ra, or permit varied development nurtured Latinized? by the surrounding cultures? Should the rite (Continued from page 7) be exactly the same in Frackville and Frankivsk – in Peremyshl, Perth and cal or spiritual genius of the Byzantine tra- Prudentopolis? There is much to ponder. dition is violated” (Galadza 176). The UNA ANNoUNces Today, should we cleanse our Kyivan The author thanks Daniel Galadza for his Byzantine rite of all Latin accretions, or assistance in this article. ScholarShipS and awardS retain those that have been organically assimilated? Should it mirror Ukrainian for StudentS attending college Orthodox practice? Should we strive for uni- in the 2020-2021 academic year. formity throughout Ukraine and our diaspo-

Students wishing to apply for a UNA scholarship or award must meet the following criteria: Amidst subdued... l Have been an active, premium-paying UNA member for at least (Continued from page 2) two years by June 1st of 2020; around the indispensable leadership. l Have had a life insurance policy or an annuity, valued at a minimum Russians are, indeed, forced to tap into of $5,000 during the last two years (term policies excluded); their deepest reserves of hardiness and for- l Be enrolled in an accredited college or university in USA or Canada. bearance, but they cannot fail to see the The application for a UNA scholarship or award must be postmarked no inefficiency, heedlessness and arrogance of later than June 1, 2020. their self-serving rulers. As they look at the old photos of their For complete details and applications, please call the UNA Home Office great-grandfathers who delivered the trag- or visit the Our Benefits page on the UNA website at: ic Victory, the question of responsibility for www.UNAInc.org meeting the challenges of today comes to the fore. Raising up and standing tall against oppression and injustice is always a Ukrainian National Association, Inc. difficult personal choice, but the memory 2200 Route 10, Parsippany, NJ 07054 of bitter joy brought by the dawn of peace 800-253-9862 ext. 3035 gives courage. The article above is reprinted from Eurasia Daily Monitor with permission from its publisher, the Jamestown Foundation, www.jamestown.org. No. 20 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 15

fice of the people that elevated the USSR in 20, 2019, Sergei Lavrov stated: “In these and India, attended the 70th anniversary World War II... the eyes of the world and still serves to circumstances, the Soviet Union had to go it celebration of Victory Day, while Western (Continued from page 7) inspire Russia in its never-ending quest to alone to ensure its national security and leaders boycotted the ceremonies because play a major role on the world stage. sign a non-aggression pact with Germany. of the Russian military intervention in Dominion of the British Empire) and 6,000 Russia, like the USSR before it, studious- This forced move made it possible to better Ukraine. This year’s edition of the parade, with the French Armed Forces. Ukrainians ly avoids the term “World War II” and uses prepare for the coming war with the marking the 75th anniversary of the victory who fought as part of the French Foreign “Great Patriotic War” instead in order not aggressor. Today, it is worth reminding over Nazi Germany, was first postponed by Legion are the only foreigners whose World to draw attention to the international activ- everyone that our country made a decisive Russia due to the coronavirus pandemic War II participation is officially recognized ities of the USSR prior to June 1941. Recall contribution to defeating the Hitler war but is being promoted and commemorated and honored in France today. that World War II began with the German machine and liberating Europe and the online using Russia’s formidable psycholog- Today, having to fight on still another invasion of Poland in September 1939. The world from Nazism.” ical and social media information/disinfor- front, Ukraine continues, both domestically Nazis invaded Ukraine and the USSR in But the truth is that Joseph Stalin had mation skills. and internationally, to highlight Russian June 1941. Before the war moved onto its planned and supported a war that would It is precisely now that Russian propa- aggression in Ukraine and to honor its territory in 1941, the USSR provided min- allow Western European countries to ganda is intensifying, raising its “victory” heroes on the frontlines as well as its veter- erals, food and logistical support to the destroy each other, opening a way for the rhetoric, resurrecting old Soviet propagan- ans and their families. The ongoing war in Nazis as they were building strength. And Communist revolution and Soviet domina- da clichés, such as references to “collabora- eastern Ukraine – undeclared and denied on August 23, 1939, the Soviet Union and tion of Europe. Prior to June 1941, the tors,” “Ukrainian fascists,” “Banderovtsi” by Russia, and devastatingly hybrid in fascist Germany formally signed a nonag- USSR was an enabler of the Nazi war effort. (followers of Stepan Bandera), etc. and dis- nature – has lasted six years. The violence gression treaty, the Molotov-Ribbentrop The term collaborator is apt. seminating this disinformation among the has claimed over 14,000 lives, displaced Pact, which enabled the two powers to That is why Russian ideologists cultivate world community. As it continues to almost 2 million civilians and wreaked divide up Poland between them and the remembrance of the Soviet-German enflame ethnic tensions and undermine havoc on Ukraine’s economy. defined the “boundaries of spheres of inter- war of 1941-1945 – the so-called Great Euro-Atlantic unity, Russia boasts of its With its ongoing aggression against est” for each party. For the USSR, this led to Patriotic War. Here the USSR was not the 1945 victory, its military might and prow- Ukraine, Russia has destroyed the post- the takeover of the Baltic states in 1940 aggressor, but a victim and, most impor- ess, and has adopted an aggressive slogan World War II collective security system and and the expansion of Soviet borders into tantly, the liberator – the country that for this year’s 75th anniversary: “Mozhem violated a basic principle of international western Ukraine, Poland, Belarus and broke the back of Nazism. Povtoryt!” (We Can Do It Again!). law that emerged from the conflict: the Romania. For the Nazis, this enabled a Moscow has always maintained that it For Ukraine, in celebrating the Day of inviolability of post-war borders. swift, largely unobstructed, defeat not only was the Russian people who were mainly Remembrance and Reconciliation as well In Russia of Poland but also of France, Belgium and responsible for the victory, that they car- as Victory Day, it was important to solemn- other Western European countries. ried “the heavy burden of the war.” In fact, ly yet proudly remember the heroic contri- The Great Patriotic War and Victory Day Throughout this almost two-year period in 2010 the current Kremlin leader stated butions of its soldiers and its people to the have become cornerstones of Russian ide- (when World War II was raging in Europe that Russians “would have won by them- victory in World War II, and to show ology, serving as the basis for the formation before June 1941) the USSR continued to selves.” In elevating Russia’s claims, respect to all fighters against Nazism, of an “exceptionalist” national Russian provide raw materials, food and other President Putin has boasted that “Russia is including the participants of the national identity and a unified people. Mass patrio- assistance to Germany in support of the a nation of victors,” while simultaneously liberation movements. To honor the memo- tism and sacrifices against a common Nazi war effort and in violation of the downplaying the contributions of other ry of the fallen warriors as well as all the threat in the name of the Motherland are British blockade against Germany. countries and nations in defeating Nazism. victims of the war, Ukraine adopted a more emphasized as a major policy for survival Russian historians and propagandists With Mr. Putin’s rise to power, the peaceful slogan for its commemoration: and indeed, victory. The Great Victory of are still trying to explain the Nazi-Soviet Russian leadership emphasized its great “Never Again!” 1945 is used to justify all past crimes and partnership as a necessity imposed on the history, and national holidays/commemo- continues to provide a kind of indulgence Soviet Union by the international situation rations became a principal source of Myron Melnyk is welfare officer of for the future. The campaign to save Europe of that time. In a statement from the national pride and self-esteem. In 2015, Ukrainian American Veterans Post 33 in demonstrated a military might and sacri- Russian Foreign Affairs Ministry on August some 30 leaders, including those of China New Haven, Conn.

messages providing information about the Zinoviy Antoniuk... situation in the camp and other material. (Continued from page 6) Andrei Sakharov showed these notes, pre- pared by Antoniuk, to foreign correspon- had a devastating effect on Antoniuk, but dents who, unfortunately, published copies did not silence him. He continued actively of them. This enabled the KGB to identify duplicating and circulating samvydav mate- their author, and Antoniuk was sentenced rial, the very dangerous but only way of cir- to three years in the even worse conditions culating truthful information and “dissi- of the Vladimir Prison. dent” views at a time of mass censorship, After serving that three-year term, he when the KGB stood guard at photocopying was sent back to Perm-35, where he was machines. diagnosed as having tuberculosis. Although The continued samvydav activities were a medical commission recommended that also a way of trying to help those arrested he be sent to a specialized hospital in in 1965. As Antoniuk later explained: “The Leningrad, this never actually happened. most important thing was samvydav. It was Antoniuk was one of the authors, togeth- vital to convince the leadership that they er with Yuri Orlov, Valeriy Marchenko and had chosen the wrong people, that samvy- two others, of a well-known Moscow dav activity was continuing without those Helsinki Group document on the position arrested.” of prisoners in the Soviet Union. Antoniuk was arrested on January 13, Antoniuk returned to Kyiv from impris- 1972, during the second wave of repres- onment followed by exile in December sion against free-thinking Ukrainians. 1981. His persecution did not stop then. His “trial” – supposedly open, although Although he found manual work (with all in fact closed to his friends – took place in roads to anything better effectively closed the first half of August 1972. He was found to former political prisoners), he was guilty of so-called “anti-Soviet agitation and imprisoned in 1982 again on trumped-up propaganda” (under Article 62 § 1 of the charges of “parasitism.” Ukrainian SSR’s Criminal Code) and sen- In independent Ukraine, from 1992 to tenced to seven years in a harsh-regime 1996, Antoniuk served as a member of the labor camp, followed by a further three Kyiv City Council’s commission to reinstate years in exile. the rights of “rehabilitated” victims of the He was imprisoned for the entire sen- Soviet regime. He was also on many other tence in Perm-35. He was in very ill health, councils and boards, including the editorial and kept being placed in the prison hospi- board of the Kharkiv Human Rights Group’s tal, only to be sent back to the normal bar- bulletin Human Rights in Ukraine. racks on the orders of the administration He was a man of very strong ethical or KGB. principles, and somebody who would Despite his poor physical condition, always add his voice in support of victims Antoniuk played an active role in the strug- of any inhuman regime. gle for political prisoner status, including Zynoviy Antoniuk died in Kyiv during hunger strikes. He was also one of the key the early hours of April 28. He had consis- figures in ensuring that information about tently rejected any state honors and, for the camp and its political prisoners was that reason, will not be buried in the special smuggled out. Antoniuk would write out in row of honor at Baikove Cemetery. minuscule handwriting the majority of May his memory be eternal. 16 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, MAY 17, 2020 No. 20