© Copyright, Princeton University Press. No part of this book may be distributed, posted, or reproduced in any form by digital or mechanical means without prior written permission of the publisher. INTRODUCTION The image in figure 1 is a screenshot of the hacking of the website of the Leba- nese Ministry of Energy and Water responsible for the country’s electricity in April 2012 by a group called Raise Your Voice, a self- proclaimed offshoot of the global hackers collective Anonymous.1 Protesting poor living conditions and in- adequate social services, the hackers not only crashed the government agency’s site but also substituted one text for another. Reenacting an electric cut, they transformed the cursor into a flashlight that needs to be moved around in order to light up an otherwise dark screen. This act of hacking defaces the ministry website through a textual and technological performance that involves viewers as active participants who need to move the cursor in order to reveal the text. But what is being exposed through this hacking? Is it the text itself, the reading practice directed toward it, or the failing nation-s tate unable to fulfill its duties vis- à- vis its citizens? What writing genre, aesthetics, and critique of power does the flashlight make legible? Figure 1. “Electricity is cut off.” Ministry of Energy and Water, April 16, 2012, http:// www.energyandwater.gov.lb/. For general queries, contact
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