YEATS ANNUAL NO. 5 in the Same Series

YEATS ANNUAL NO. 5 In the same series

YEATS ANNUAL Nos I, 2 Edited by Richard J. Finneran YEATS ANNUAL Nos, 3, 4 Edited by Warwick Gould THOMAS HARDY ANNUALS Nos I, 2, 3, 4, 5 Edited by Norman Page O'CASEY ANNUALS Nos I, 2, 3, 4 Edited by Robert G. Lowery

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Standing Order Service, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, RG212XS, England. W. B. Yeats in his study in Woburn Buildings, reproduced from The Tatter, 15 7, 29 June 1904 (see Editor's Note, p. xviii). YEATS ANNUAL No. 5

Edited by Warwick Gould ©Warwick Gould 1987 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1987 978-0-333-35333-2

All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Totten ham Court Road, London WlP 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.

First published 1987 by THE MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world

ISBN 978-1-349-06843-2 ISBN 978-1-349-06841-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-06841-8 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Reprinted 1993 Contents

List of Abbreviations Vlll Editorial Board X Notes on the Contributors Xl List of Plates XV Editor's Note xvu Acknowledgements XX

ARTICLES Yeats's "Last Poems": a Reconsideration Phillip L. Marcus 3 Porphyry's Cup: Yeats, Forgetfulness and the Narrative Order Stan Smith 15 Arthur Symons's Letters toW. B. Yeats: 1892-1902 Bruce ~~ % Yeats, Wordsworth and the Communal Sense: the Case of"lf I were Four-and-Twenty" Michael Baron 62 The Writing and Performance of The Hour-Glass C. L. Phillips 83 At the Hawk's Well and Taka No humi in a "Creative Circle" Okifumi Komesu 103 "Laying the Ghosts"?- W. B. Ycats's Lecture on Ghosts and Dreams Peter Kuch 114

MEMORIES OF GEORGE YEATS AND W. B. YEATS Vignettes Grace M. Jajje 139 Yeats and Gogarty H. Montgomery Hyde 154

SIGNIFICANT RESEARCH COLLECTIONS Magical Manuscripts: an Introduction to the Archives of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn R. A. Gilbert 163

YEATS AND BROADCASTING W. B. Yeats and the BBC: a Reassessment Jeremy Silver 181 Yeats Material in the Radio Telefis Eireann Archives Jeremy Silver 186

v VI Contents

George Barnes's "W. B. Yeats and Broadcasting", 1940, with an Introductory Note by Jeremy Silver 189 W. B. Yeats's Unpublished Talk on His Version of King Oedipus Broadcast from the BBC Belfast Studio on 8 September 1931, with an Introductory Note by Karen Dorn 195

SHORTER NOTES Bards of the Gael and Gall: an Uncollected Review by Yeats in The Illustrated London News Deirdre Toomey 203 "What is the explanation of it all?": Yeats's "little poem about nothing" Warwick Gould 212 "The Binding of the Hair" and Yeats's Reading of Eugene O'Curry Genevieve Brennan 214 The Morals of Deirdre Vivian Mercier 224 "The Crazed Moon" and the Myth of Dionysus Joseph M. Hassett 232 The "myth [in) ... reply to a myth"- Yeats, Balzac, and Joachim of Fiore Warwick Gould 238 Regarding the Yeats Society ofjapan Yukio Dura 252

REVIEWS Mary Lou Kohfeldt, Lady Gregory: the Woman Behind the Irish Renaissance james Pethica 257 Joseph Adams, Yeats and the Masks of Syntax Kathleen Wales 260 Okifumi Komesu, The Double Perspective of Yeats's Aesthetic Edward Engelberg 26 7 Seamus Deane, Celtic Revivals: Essays in Modern Irish Literature and Mary C. King, The Drama ofJ. M. Synge Declan Kiberd 270 Tom Paulin, Ireland and the English Crisis and Lucy McDiarmid, Saving Civilization: Yeats, Eliot, and Auden between the Wars Andrew Gibson 272 Eric Binnie, The Theatrical Designs of Charles Ricketts J. G. P. Delaney 276 Ellie Howe (ed.), The Alchemist of the Golden Dawn: the Letters of the Revd W. A. Ayton to F. L. Gardner and Others, 1886--1905 Warwick Gould 279 A Biographical Miscellany: Some Recent Biographies, Biographical Studies, Memoirs and Letters [including notices of Peter Ackroyd, T. S. Eliot; Richard Allen Cave (ed.), Hail and Farewell Ave, Salve, Vale (2nd edn); William Empson, Using Biograplry; Desmond Flower (ed.), New Letters from Ernest Dawson; Rupert Hart-Davis (ed.), More Letters of Oscar Wilde; Jeffrey Myers (ed.), The Craft of Literary 280 Co11tents vu

Biograp~v; Donaici Stanford (ed.), Letters to Margaret Bridges (1915-1919) by john Masefield; Ann Thwaite, Edmund Gosse: a Literary Landscape 1849-1928 Gmevieve Bren11an 280

BIBLIOGRAPHICAL AND RESEARCH MATERIALS Location Register of Twentieth-Century English Literary Manuscripts and Letters: a Cumulative Yeats Listing (to Autumn, 1985) David C. Sutto11 289 A Recent Yeats Bibliography, 1984-85 Warwick Gould 320 Publications Received Warwick Gould 341 List of Abbreviations

The works listed below are cited in the texts by abbreviation and page number. Some individual essays use additional abbreviations, as explained in the appropriate notes. Au Autobiographies (London: Macmillan, 1955). AVA A Critical Edition of Yeats's A Vision (1925), (eds) George Mills Harper and Walter Kelly Hood (London: Macmillan, 1978). AVB A Vision (London: Macmillan, 1962). CL I The Collected Letters of W. B. Yeats, volume one 1865-95, (eds) John Kelly and Eric Domville (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985). E&I Essays and Introductions (London and New York: Macmillan, 1961 ). Ex Explorations, sel. Mrs W. B. Yeats (London: Macmillan, 1962; New York: Macmillan, 1963). L The Letters of W. B. Yeats (ed.) Allan Wade (London: Rupert Hart-Davis, 1954; New York: Macmillan, 1955). LDW Letters on Poetry from W. .B Yeats to Dorothy Wellesley, intro. Kathleen Raine (London and New York: Oxford University Press, 1964). LMR Ah, Sweet Dancer: W. B. Yeats Margot Ruddock, A Correspondence (ed.) Roger McHugh (London and New York: Macmillan, 1970). LNI Letters to the New Island (ed.) Horace Reynolds (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1934). LRB The Correspondence of Robert Bridges and W. B. Yeats (ed.) Richard J. Finneran (London: Macmillan, 1977; Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1978). LTSM W. B. Yeats and T. Sturge Moore: Their Correspondence, 1901- 1937 (ed.) Ursula Bridge (London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; New York: Oxford University Press, 1953). LTWBY Letters to W. B. Yeats (eds) Richard J. Finneran, George Mills Harper and William M. Murphy (London: Macmillan, New York: Columbia University Press, 1977). Mem Memoirs (ed.) Denis Donoghue (London: Macmillan, 1972; New York: Macmillan, 1973).

Vlll IX List of Abbreviations

Myth Mythologies (London and New York: Macmillan, 1959). OBMV The Oxford Book of Modern Verse, 1892-1935. Chosen by W. B. Yeats (Oxford: Clarendon, 1936). SB The Speckled Bird, With Variant Versions (ed.} William H. O'Donnell (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1976). ss The Senate Speeches of W. B. Yeats (ed.) Donald R. Pearce (London: Faber & Faber, 1961). UP/ Uncollected Prose by W. B. Yeats, vol. I (ed.) John P. Frayne (London: Macmillan; New York: Columbia University Press, 1970). UP2 Uncollected Prose by W. B Yeats, vol. 2 (eds) John P. Frayne and Colton Johnson (London: Macmillan, 1975; New York: Columbia University Press, 1976). VP The Variorum Edition of the Poems of W. B. Yeats (eds} Peter Alit and Russell K. Alspach (New York and London: Macmillan, 1957). (To be cited from the corrected third printing [ 1966) or later printings.) VPl The Variorum Edition of the Plays of W. B. Yeats (ed.) Russell K. Alspach (London and New York: Macmillan, 1966). (To be cited from the corrected second printing [ 1966) or later printings.) VSR The Secret Rose: Stories by W. B. Yeats: A Variorum Edition (eds) Phillip L. Marcus, Warwick Gould & Michael J. Sidnell (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981). Wade Allan Wade, A Bibliography of the Writings of W. B. Yeats, 3rd edn, rev. Russell K. Alspach (London: Rupert Hart• Davis, 1968). YA Yeats Annual (to be followed by number and date). YAACTS Yeats: an Annual of Critical and Textual Studies (to be followed by number and date}. YL Edward O'Shea, A Descriptive Catalog of W. B. Yeats's Library (New York & London: Garland Publishing, Inc., 1985). YO Yeats and The Occult (ed.) George Mills Harper (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1975; London: Macmillan, 1975). YT Yeats and The Theatre (eds) Robert O'Driscoll and Lorna Reynolds (Toronto: Macmillan of Canada, 1975; London: Macmillan, 1975). Editorial Board

Seamus Deane Yukio Oura Denis Donoghue Marjorie Perloff Richard EHmann Kathleen Raine Ian Fletcher Ronald W. Schuchard Jacqueline Genet Michael J. Sidnell A. NormanJeffares Colin Smythe K. P. S. Jochum C. K. Stead John S. Kelly Katharine Worth Phillip L. Marcus

Research Editor: Deirdre Toomey

X Notes on the Contributors

Sir George Barnes (1904-1960). Seep. 189.

Michael Baron is a Lecturer in English at Birkbeck College, University of London, and co-editor of English: the Journal of the English Association. He is the author of articles on Wordsworth, and is at present completing a critical study of that poet, as well as a co-edition of two novels by Thomas Love Peacock.

Genevieve Brennan is working on the folklore revival and on W. B. Yeats's early interest in folklore.

J. G. P. Delaney is working on a biography of Charles Ricketts and Charles Shannon. He is the editor of Ricketts's "Michael Field", Pages from a Diary in Greece, and Letters from Charles Ricketts and Charles Shannon to "Michael Field". He has compiled a catalogue, The Lithographs of Charles Shannon and is the author of articles in The Connoisseur and The Nineteenth Century.

Karen Dorn is the author of Players and Painted Stage: the Theatre of W. B. Yeats, and of a study of D. M. Thomas. She is currently working upon a study of Yeats's radio broadcasts.

Edward Engelberg is Professor of Comparative Literature and Chairman, Department of Romance and Comparative Literature at Brandeis University. He is best known for The Vast Design: Patterns in W. B. Yeats's Aesthetic, and among his other books is his edition The Symbolist Poem: the Development of the English Tradition. He has just completed a manuscript entitled Elegiac Fictions: the Motif of the Unlived Life.

Andrew Gibson is a Lecturer in English Language and Literature at The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London. The author of articles upon a number of writers including Emily Dickinson, james joyce, Vladimir Nabokov and Samuel Beckett, he is currently preparing a study of Ulysses.

XI XII Notes on the Contributors

R. A. Gilbert is an antiquarian bookseller who specializes in Hermetica. His The Golden Dawn, Twilight of the Magicians and A. E. Waite: a Bibliography were followed by two further anthologies of writings by members of The Golden Dawn and his The Golden Dawn Handbook will shortly be published by The Aquarian Press. His forthcoming studies include a life of A. E. Waite and Magicians of the Middle Pillar (fugitive writings of lesser G. D. literati).

Joseph M. Hassett is a Washington, D.C., lawyer. He took his Ph.D. from University College, Dublin, in 1985 and his Yeats and the Poetics of Hate will be published there by Gill & Macmillan in 1986. He is currently working upon "Yeats and Women".

H. Montgomery Hyde (b. Belfast, 1907} is the author of over fifty books. A barrister, former Deputy Editor of the Law Reports, and former secret intelligence officer, he was Ulster Unionist M.P. from 1950 to 1959 and later Professor of History at the University of the Punjab and a Leverhulme Research Fellow. A Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature and a Member of the Royal Irish Academy, he published a biography of Lord Alfred Douglas in 1984, and is best known for his extensive work on Oscar Wilde. He is a cousin (on his mother's side) of Henry James.

Grace M. Jaffe was born in 1897, and is a first cousin of George Yeats. She was one of the first women graduates of Oxford University, having won a scholarship to St. Hugh's College. She later took her doctorate at the Sorbonne. For many years she taught at Barat College of the Sacred Heart, Lake Forest, Illinois. She still gives tutorials in French, and paints. Her autobiography Years of Grace was published by Iroquois House, Sunspot, New Mexico, in 1979.

Declan Kiberd is a Lecturer at University College, Dublin, and is the author of Synge and the Irish Language and Men and Feminism in Modern Literature. He is Director of the Yeats International Summer School at Sligo.

Okifumi Komesu is Professor of English at the University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. His Mimesis and Extasis.· Coriflicting Claims of Art was published in Tokyo in 1984. His The Double Perspective of Yeats's Aesthetic is reviewed in this volume.

Peter Kuch is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Humanities at Avondale College, and lectures in the Department of English at Newcastle University, New South Wales. His latest book is a study of the literary associations ofYeats and AE. Notes on the Contributors xiii

Phillip L. Marcus is Professor of English at Cornell University, and co-general editor of the Cornell Yeats Series. The author of Yeats and the Beginning of the Irish Renaissance, co-editor of The Secret Rose, Stories by W. B. Yeats: a Variorum Edition, and editor of The Death of Cuchulain in the Cornell Series, he is currently working upon editions of the manuscripts of Responsibilities, and of The Celtic Twilight & The Secret Rose for the Macmillan Collected Edition of the Works of W. B. Yeats.

Vivian Mercier is Professor of English at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He is the author of numerous articles and studies of aspects of Anglo-Irish literature, as well as being the author of The Irish Comic Tradition and the co-editor of 1000 Years of Irish Prose. He divides his time between Dublin, where he lives, and California.

Bruce Morris received his Ph.D. from the University of Denver in 1977. His reviews and articles have appeared in The Denver Quarter!J, Notes and Queries, and English Literature in Transition. He is currently working on a study of the friendship between Yeats and Arthur Symons.

Yukio Oura is Professor Emeritus of Kyoto University, and has been President of the Yeats Society ofJapan since 1978.

James Pethica was educated at Merton College, Oxford. The holder of a Junior Research Fellowship at Wolfson College, he is editing Lady Gregory's diaries, 1892-1902.

C. L. Phillips is an Honorary Research Fellow working in the Department of English, University of Exeter. She has edited Gerard Manley Hopkins for the Oxford Authors series, and is preparing an edition of the manuscripts of The Hour-Glass for the Cornell Yeats series. She is also writing a critical biography of Robert Bridges. jeremy Silver was educated at University College, Cardiff, and wrote his Ph.D. at Bedfo~d College, University of London, on the plays of Ben Jonson. He is currently Education Officer at the British Library National Sound Archive, and is co-editor of Angels of Fire: an Anthology of Radical Poetry in the 80's.

Stan Smith is Senior Lecturer in English at the University of Dundee. His books include Inviolable Voice: History and Twentieth Century Poetry, A Sad!J Contracted Hero: the Comic Self in Post- War American Fiction, and W. H. Auden. He is currently working on a study of Edward Thomas, a study of the Origins of Modernism and a study ofW. B. Yeats. XIV Notes on the Contributors

David C. Sutton has done research on W. B. Yeats and the Irish Ballad Tradition. He has worked as a librarian at Trinity College, Dublin at the Polytechnic of Central London. He is currently Research Librarian in charge of the Location Register of Twentieth• Century Literary Manuscripts and Letters, at the University of Reading.

Deirdre Toomey is the assistant editor (with David Hindman) of The Graphic Works of William Blake and Research Editor of Yeats Annual.

Kathleen Wales is a Lecturer in English Language and Literature at The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, University of London. She is the author of numerous articles on literary language, and is currently working uponjamesjoyce and a glossary ofStylistics. List of Plates

Frontispiece: W. B. Yeats in His Study in Woburn Buildings, reproduced from The Tatter, 157, 29June 1904.

Yeats's holograph list of poems for a new volume, 1939. Photograph courtesy of the Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University. 2 Arthur Symons in 1897, from a portrait by Bassano of Old Bond St. Photograph by courtesy of Mrs Diana P. Read and the Literary Estate of Arthur Symons. 3 Edith Ellen Hyde-Lees (nee Woodmass), mother of George Yeats, 1908. Photograph courtesy of Dr Grace M.Jaffe. 4 Georgie Hyde-Lees (later George Yeats), n.d. Photograph courtesy of Dr Grace M. Jaffe. 5 Mrs Edward Emery (i.e. Florence Farr). After a drawing by John Butler Yeats, reproduced in the Art Review, I :6 (June 1890) 181, to illustrate a feature upon the Bedford Park production of John Todhunter's The Sicilian Idyll. 6a The signatures of Annie Horniman, W. B. Yeats, Florence Emery, J. W. Brodie-Innes and others, together with their order mottoes, on the parchment roll of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. (Private Collection C.) 6b Yeats's signature, as Demon Est Deus lnversus, at No. 32 on the Second Order Roll of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. (Private Collection C.) 7a The Great Seal of the Ordo Rosre Rubere et Aurere Crucis, below which the newly obligated Adepti signed their mottoes. It was painted on the Second Order Roll by Mina Mathers. (Private Collection C.) 7b The names ofMaud Gonne (No. 126), A. E. Waite,John Todhunter, Henrietta Paget, Pamela Carden [Bullock] and others, together with their order mottoes, on the parchment Roll of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Maud Gonne's motto, Per lgnem ad Lucem, is missing from the document. (Private Collection C.) 8a W. B. Yeats aged c. 9 years. Photograph courtesy Colin Smythe on behalf of the O'Broin Trust Collection, National Library oflreland.

XV xvi List of Plates

8b Memorial tablet toW. B. Yeats at the site of his temporary burial, Roquebrune. Photograph© Chris Spurr, courtesy Colin Smythe. 9 Manuscript of quatrain beginning "What is the explanation of it all?", in hand of Edith Shackleton Heald, signed by W. B. Yeats, Oxford, 8 May 1938. Photograph© David Ross, from the original in the collection ofWarwick Gould. 10 B. L. Add. MS. 55885, f. 5Y. Proof state of a page from the "Introduction" to The Resurrection, dated 8 February 1939, and corrected in the hand of Thomas Mark. Photograph courtesy of the Department of MSS, The British Library. II A sample page (f. 165) from W. B. Yeats's Great Vellum Manuscript Book, sold at Sotheby's, Bloomfield Place, on 22J uly 1985. The draft is of "Coole Park and Ballylee, 1931 ", here entitled "Coole 1932". Photograph courtesy of Felix Pryor, Sotheby's. 12 B. L. Add. MS. 50585 f. 93. W. B. Yeats aged c. 45, photographed by Lena Connell. Photograph courtesy of Department of MSS, The British Library. Editor's Note

In Yeats Annual No. 5 we present a selection of the best new essays on Yeats's life and work. Such is the pressure of submissions that we have for the time being abandoned the reprinting of dissertation abstracts, but details of recently accepted dissertations will be found under author in our bibliography, together with information referring the reader to the standard sources, such as Dissertation Abstracts International and the ASLIB Index to Theses. At a ceremony on 22 November 1985, the Chairman of the Council of Trustees of the National Library of Ireland, Professor Anthony G. Hughes officially accepted more than a thousand items from the MSS collection of Mr Michael B. Yeats. The material is currently being prepared for scholarly use. A preliminary gathering at St. Peter's College, Oxford, in the autumn of 1985 established a British Association for Irish Studies under the patronage of Dr Anthony Kenny, Master of Balliol College, Professor Brian Fender, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Keele, and Professor Brian Farrell of University College, Dublin. The Education Ministers of both countries were present. A first annual conference is planned for June 1986 at the University of Keele, and it is anticipated that the Association will publish its own journal (as yet unnamed). Enquiries concerning membership (£12.00 p.a. including journal) should be sent to Ms P. Tyldesley, BAIS, Centre for Irish Studies, The University of Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK. The Princess Grace Irish Library of the Principality of Monaco has established an annual international conference devoted to Irish Studies. These conferences arc usually limited to fifty invited participants, and take place at Whitsun each year. The 1987 conference will be devoted to an aspect of the work of W. B. Yeats. The Honorary President of the conference is A. Norman Jeffares. For further details, please contact Mr Colin Smythe (P.O. Box 6, Gerrards Cross, Bucks, SL9 8EF, UK), or Dr George Sandulescu, the Princess Grace Irish Library, 9 rue Princcsse Marie de Lorraine, Principality of Monaco. This volume of Yeats Annual contains several photographs which do not illustrate any article this year. They have been published to demonstrate the wealth of visual material relating to Yeats's life and

XVll xviii Editor's Note works which remains unknown. The Frontispiece, for instance, gives some idea of the impact of "Young Ireland in London" by 1904. The Taller was (and is) a society journal, and its founder-editor, Clement Shorter (See below pp. 203-4) was determined to celebrate two events. These were the production of Where there is Nothing by the Stage Society at the Court Theatre on 26-28 June, and the Exhibition of a Selection of Works by Irish Painters which had opened at the Guildhall in May. Six paintings by John Butler Yeats were on display. Shorter's picture caption therefore runs:

Mr. William Butler Yeats, the Irish poet and playwright, was born in Dublin on June 13, 1865, and is the son of Mr. J. B. Yeats, the artist, many of whose striking canvasses [sic] now adorn the walls of the Irish exhibition at the Guildhall in London. Mr. Yeats studied in the art schools in Dublin for three years before taking to literature. He is a fine poet; at its high-water mark his lyrics will take rank in anthologies as among the best poetry of the last decade of the nineteenth century. His greatest achievement during the present century has been as a playwright, and some of the plays produced by the Irish Theatre Society mark him out also as a dramatist of real literary distinction.

Certain details of Yeats's room arc clear, others tantalizingly unclear. The death mask of Dante, and one ofYeats's collection of posthumously printed unfinished line engravings of Blake's illustrations to the Divine Comedy can be seen behind him, on the left and right respectively. The particular engraving is that of "The Circle of the Corrupt Officials; the Devils Mauling Each Other" (biferno, Cant XII), apt icon of those "little devils who fight for themselves" which Yeats recalled from Blake's letter to Thomas Butts of November 22, 1802, in both "The Moods" (E&/ 195} and in his and Ellis's account of "The Symbolic System" (The Works of William Blake Poetic, Symbolic, and Critical, I, 243). Yeats's thumb gestures towards the Rev. Arthur Devine's A Manual of Mystical Theology (London, 1903) which, as O'Shea informs us, is marked and underscored (YL no. 520). The titles of the other books in the picture could perhaps be identified from the library of Miss Yeats, but remain obscure for the present. John Butler Yeats drew Florence Emery at the time of the Bedford Park production of John Todhunter's A Sicilian Idyll to accompany a feature in the Art Review, 1:6 Oune 1890) 178-82. That feature also includes several drawings of various aspects of the production by Alan Wright. The photographs ofW. B. Yeats as a little boy, and in middle age (by Lena Connell) have an obvious interest, as does the sample Editor's Note XIX page of the Great Vellum Notebook sold at Sotheby's in July 1985 and the photograph of the memorial stone at Roquebrune. Such documentary materials, written and iconic, will continue to appear in Yeats Annual while several biographical projects are under way. Dr Roy Foster of the Dept of History, Birkbeck College, (University of London), Malet Street, London WCl is working upon the biography of W. B. Yeats for Oxford University Press. Professor Ann Saddlemyer, Director of the Graduate Centre for the Study of Drama, University of Toronto, 214 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2Z9, is writing a biography of George Yeats. Dr John Harwood of the English Dept, School of Humanities, The Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, S.A. 5042, Australia, is working on a study of Olivia Shakespear for The Macmillan Press. All three would welcome information from interested readers. Other bibliographical projects continue, and their compilers too would welcome assistance. Colin Smythe (P.O. Box 6, Gerrards Cross, Bucks, SL9 8EF, UK) is working on a complete revision of the Wade/Alspaeh Bibliography, and K. P. S. Jochum (Lehrstuhl ftir Englische Literaturwissenschaft, Universitiit Bamberg, Postfach 1549, D-8600 Bamberg, West Germany) is revising his Classified Bibliography of Criticism. Conrad Balliet (Department of English, Wittenberg University Springfield, Ohio 45501}, is compiling W. B. Yeats: a Guide to the Manuscripts for Garland, while William H. O'Donnell (Department of English, 117 Burrowes Building, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802} continues to add to his Preliminary Checklist of Portraits and Studio Portrait Photographs of W. B. Yeats, published in Yeats Annual No. 3. We also propose to publish a checklist of books dispersed from Ycats's library in a future issue, and should be grateful to receive further information from booksellers' catalogues, librarians and collectors. Yeats Annual is now edited from a new institution at the old address. Contributions to No. 7 should reach me in the first instance by 1 May 1987, and those for No. 8 by the same date in 1988, at Department of English, The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College (University of London), Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey TW20 OEX UK to which address offprints, review copies and other bibliographical information should also be sent. WARWICK GOULD Acknowledgements

I am indebted to Miss Anne Yeats and Mr Michael B. Yeats for permission to usc both published and unpublished materials by W. B. Yeats in this volume, and to Mr Brian Read and Mrs Diana P. Read and the Literary Estate of Arthur Symons for permission to use unpublished materials of Arthur Symons. I am indebted to the BBC Written Archives Centre at Cavcrsham and the British Library National Sound Archive in London for "W. B. Yeats and Broadcasting" by George (later Sir George) Barnes, and to Noel Shiels, Sound Archives Librarian of Radio Tclefis Eireann. Colin Smythe and the O'Broin Collection, the National Library oflrcland, as well as certain private collectors who wish to remain anonymous provided further unpublished materials for this volume, while Donald Anderle and Dr Lola Szladits graciously permitted the usc of unpublished material in the Henry W. and Albert A. Berg Collection, The New York Public Library (Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations), while Felix Pryor of Sotheby's, Bloomfield Place, and Linda M. Matthews of the Robert W. Woodruff Library, Emory University kindly made photographs available. David Ross, of The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Dr Grace M. Jaffe, Chris Spurr, Robert Gilbert and the Department of MSS, The British Library, also supplied or assisted with photographs. The jacket design is adapted from Thomas Sturge Moore's designs for H. P. R. Finberg's 1925 translation of Axel, and I am particularly grateful to Miss Riettc Sturge Moore and the trustees of the Sturge Moore Estate for permission to usc it in connection with Yeats Annual. I am grateful to Dr Mary FitzGerald of Crewe and Alsagcr College and to Professor Vivian Mercier for information about the British Committee for Irish Studies. A host of friends has provided bibliographical information: most have been thanked elsewhere in the volume, but I trust that those who have not will find their names in the following list of those who have helped in various ways, including the reading of submitted manuscripts: the Editors of the Advisory Board, Professor James Lovic Allen, Professor Conrad Balliet, Dr Karen Dorn, Mr R. A. Gilbert, Professor George Mills Harper, Dr John Harwood, Professor A. Walton Litz, Professor Ruth Nevo, Professor Stephen Maxfield Parrish, Mr Omar

XX Acknowledgements XXI

Pound, Professor Ann Saddlemyer, Professor Donald T. Torchiana, Dr Peter van de Kamp, Kathleen Wales. Angela Carter and Roger Davidge of the library, The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College (University of London), Professor J. Trapp, Dr Will Ryan and Ms Patricia Killiard of The Warburg Institute (University of London), the staffs ofthe Department ofMSS, the North Library, and the Newspaper Library (Colindale) of The British Library, Dr Narayan Hegde of the Library, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Mr Michael Hewson of the National Library of Ireland and the staff of the library of the University of Reading, all rendered considerable assistance. Dr Roy Foster, Dr John Kelly, Kim Scott Walwyn, Heather Summerlin of A. P. Watt & Co., Frances Arnold and Tim Farmiloe of the Macmillan Press were particularly helpful during the preparation of this volume. My colleagues at The Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, and Valerie Murr and Christina Pyke have also been of much assistance. Most of the contributors as well as the editor are indebted to the watchfulness and curiosity of Deirdre Toomey who as Research Editor has once again made this a better book.

WARWICK GOULD