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The Complete Script
Feb rua rg 1968 North Cascades Conservation Council P. 0. Box 156 Un ? ve rs i ty Stat i on Seattle, './n. 98 105 SCRIPT FOR NORTH CASCAOES SLIDE SHOW (75 SI Ides) I ntroduct Ion : The North Cascades fiountatn Range In the State of VJashington Is a great tangled chain of knotted peaks and spires, glaciers and rivers, lakes, forests, and meadov;s, stretching for a 150 miles - roughly from Pt. fiainier National Park north to the Canadian Border, The h undreds of sharp spiring mountain peaks, many of them still unnamed and relatively unexplored, rise from near sea level elevations to seven to ten thousand feet. On the flanks of the mountains are 519 glaciers, in 9 3 square mites of ice - three times as much living ice as in all the rest of the forty-eight states put together. The great river valleys contain the last remnants of the magnificent Pacific Northwest Rain Forest of immense Douglas Fir, cedar, and hemlock. f'oss and ferns carpet the forest floor, and wild• life abounds. The great rivers and thousands of streams and lakes run clear and pure still; the nine thousand foot deep trencli contain• ing 55 mile long Lake Chelan is one of tiie deepest canyons in the world, from lake bottom to mountain top, in 1937 Park Service Study Report declared that the North Cascades, if created into a National Park, would "outrank in scenic quality any existing National Park in the United States and any possibility for such a park." The seven iiiitlion acre area of the North Cascades is almost entirely Fedo rally owned, and managed by the United States Forest Service, an agency of the Department of Agriculture, The Forest Ser• vice operates under the policy of "multiple use", which permits log• ging, mining, grazing, hunting, wt Iderness, and alI forms of recrea• tional use, Hov/e ve r , the 1937 Park Study Report rec ornmen d ed the creation of a three million acre Ice Peaks National Park ombracing all of the great volcanos of the North Cascades and most of the rest of the superlative scenery. -
The Wild Cascades
THE WILD CASCADES October-November 1969 2 THE WILD CASCADES FARTHEST EAST: CHOPAKA MOUNTAIN Field Notes of an N3C Reconnaissance State of Washington, school lands managed by May 1969 the Department of Natural Resources. The absolute easternmost peak of the North Cascades is Chopaka Mountain, 7882 feet. An This probably is the most spectacular chunk abrupt and impressive 6700-foot scarp drops of alpine terrain owned by the state. Certain from the flowery summit to blue waters of ly its fame will soon spread far beyond the Palmer Lake and meanders of the Similka- Okanogan. Certainly the state should take a mean River, surrounded by green pastures new, close look at Chopaka and develop a re and orchards. Beyond, across this wide vised management plan that takes into account trough of a Pleistocene glacier, roll brown the scenic and recreational resources. hills of the Okanogan Highlands. Northward are distant, snowy beginnings of Canadian ranges. Far south, Tiffany Mountain stands above forested branches of Toats Coulee Our gang became aware of Chopaka on the Creek. Close to the west is the Pasayten Fourth of July weekend of 1968 while explor Wilderness Area, dominated here by Windy ing Horseshoe Basin -- now protected (except Peak, Horseshoe Mountain, Arnold Peak — from Emmet Smith's cattle) within the Pasay the Horseshoe Basin country. Farther west, ten Wilderness Area. We looked east to the hazy-dreamy on the horizon, rise summits of wide-open ridges of Chopaka Mountain and the Chelan Crest and Washington Pass. were intrigued. To get there, drive the Okanogan Valley to On our way to Horseshoe Basin we met Wil Tonasket and turn west to Loomis in the Sin- lis Erwin, one of the Okanoganites chiefly lahekin Valley. -
Review Article Magma Loading in the Southern Coast Plutonic Complex, British Columbia and Washington
GeoScienceWorld Lithosphere Volume 2020, Article ID 8856566, 17 pages https://doi.org/10.2113/2020/8856566 Review Article Magma Loading in the Southern Coast Plutonic Complex, British Columbia and Washington E. H. Brown Department of Geology, Western Washington University, USA Correspondence should be addressed to E. H. Brown; [email protected] Received 2 May 2020; Accepted 22 September 2020; Published 10 November 2020 Academic Editor: Tamer S. Abu-Alam Copyright © 2020 E. H. Brown. Exclusive Licensee GeoScienceWorld. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0). The southen end of the 1800 km long Coast Plutonic Complex (CPC), exposed in the Harrison Lake area of British Columbia and in the North Cascades of Washington, bears a record of great crustal thickening -20 to 40 km in localized zones during Late Cretaceous times. During this period, the CPC was positioned at the continental margin during collision/subduction of the Farallon plate. Arc magmatism and regional orogenic contraction were both active as potential crustal thickening processes. Magmatism is favored in this report as the dominant factor based on the delineation of four spatially and temporally separate loading events, the close association of the loaded areas with emplacement of large plutons, and a paucity of evidence of deep regional tectonic contraction. The timing and spatial location of crustal loading events are documented by the following: zircon ages in plutons; an early event of low pressure in pluton aureoles evidenced by andalusite, now pseudomorphed by high- pressure minerals; high pressures in country rock in pluton aureoles measured by mineral compositions in the assemblages garnet-biotite-muscovite-plagioclase and garnet-aluminum silicate-plagioclase; high pressures recorded in plutons by Al-in- hornblende barometry; and uplift ages of plutons derived from K-Ar and Ar-Ar ages of micas and hornblende in plutons. -
Federal Register / Vol
Wednesday, August 13, 2008 Part III Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the Northern Spotted Owl; Final Rule VerDate Aug<31>2005 17:05 Aug 12, 2008 Jkt 214001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\13AUR2.SGM 13AUR2 rwilkins on PROD1PC63 with RULES_2 47326 Federal Register / Vol. 73, No. 157 / Wednesday, August 13, 2008 / Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Background habitat designation in the westside It is our intent to discuss only those provinces. The landscape management Fish and Wildlife Service topics directly relevant to the revised approach for the eastside provinces, designation of critical habitat in this identified in the 2008 final recovery 50 CFR Part 17 rule. For more information on the plan (USFWS 2008) and by the northern spotted owl and critical Sustainable Ecosystems Institute (SEI) [FWS-R1-ES-2008–0051; 92210-1117-0000- Scientific Panel (SEI 2008) as the most FY08-B4] habitat, please refer to the proposed rule published in the Federal Register on effective approach for managing RIN 1018-AU37 June 12, 2007 (72 FR 32450). northern spotted owl habitat in dry Prior and subsequent to the listing of forests, was not incorporated into this Endangered and Threatened Wildlife the northern spotted owl in 1990 (55 FR rule because it cannot be translated into and Plants; Revised Designation of 26114), many committees, task forces, critical habitat at this time, until the Critical Habitat for the Northern and work groups were formed to new approach called for by the recovery Spotted Owl develop conservation strategies for the plan is further defined. -
Winter Summits
EVERETT MOUNTAINEERS Recommended Winter Summits Snow and weather conditions greatly influence the difficulty of winter scrambles. Because conditions change very quickly, things like road access, avalanche hazard, strenuousness, and summit success can vary a tremendous amount. So these ratings are only a rough comparison of the peaks. Winter scrambling can be a dangerous activity. Be a smart scrambler -- be willing to turn back if conditions are unsafe. Even a slight deviation from the surveyed routes may affect exposure and avalanche hazard considerably. The fact that a peak is listed here does not represent that it will be safe. Exposure Rating Avalanche Rating A: Falling will only get snow on your face. B: Falling may require self arrest, but usually good A: Usually safe in high, considerable, moderate, and low run-out. avalanche conditions. C: Falling requires self arrest, unchecked falls could B: Often safe in moderate and low conditions. be serious. C: Only recommended in low conditions. Note that B-rated slopes could become C-rated when icy. Table of contents by region (peaks within each region listed from West to East): Highway 542 (Mt Baker Highway): Church, Excelsior, Barometer, Herman, Table Highway 20 (North Cascades Highway): Goat, Welker, Sauk, Lookout, Hidden Lake, Oakes, Damnation, Trappers, Sourdough, Ruby Highway 530 (Darrington area): Higgins, Round, Prairie Mountain Loop Highway: Pilchuck, Gordon (Anaconda), Long, Marble, Dickerman Highway 2 (west & east of Stevens Pass): Stickney, Persis, Philadelphia, Frog, Mineral Butte, Iron, Conglomerate Point, Baring, Palmer, Cleveland, Eagle Rock, Evergreen, Captain Point, Windy, Tunnel Vision, Big Chief, Cowboy, McCausland, Union, Jove, Lichtenberg, Jim Hill, Rock, Arrowhead, Natapoc, Tumwater I-90 (west & east of Snoqualmie Pass): Teneriffe, Green, Mailbox, Washington, Web, Kent, Bandera, Defiance, Pratt, Granite, Humpback, Silver, Snoqualmie, Kendall, Guye, Catherine, Margaret, Baldy, Thomas, Amabalis, Hex, Jolly, Yellow Hill, Teanaway Butte Mt. -
1967, Al and Frances Randall and Ramona Hammerly
The Mountaineer I L � I The Mountaineer 1968 Cover photo: Mt. Baker from Table Mt. Bob and Ira Spring Entered as second-class matter, April 8, 1922, at Post Office, Seattle, Wash., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Published monthly and semi-monthly during March and April by The Mountaineers, P.O. Box 122, Seattle, Washington, 98111. Clubroom is at 719Y2 Pike Street, Seattle. Subscription price monthly Bulletin and Annual, $5.00 per year. The Mountaineers To explore and study the mountains, forests, and watercourses of the Northwest; To gather into permanent form the history and traditions of this region; To preserve by the encouragement of protective legislation or otherwise the natural beauty of North west America; To make expeditions into these regions m fulfill ment of the above purposes; To encourage a spirit of good fellowship among all lovers of outdoor life. EDITORIAL STAFF Betty Manning, Editor, Geraldine Chybinski, Margaret Fickeisen, Kay Oelhizer, Alice Thorn Material and photographs should be submitted to The Mountaineers, P.O. Box 122, Seattle, Washington 98111, before November 1, 1968, for consideration. Photographs must be 5x7 glossy prints, bearing caption and photographer's name on back. The Mountaineer Climbing Code A climbing party of three is the minimum, unless adequate support is available who have knowledge that the climb is in progress. On crevassed glaciers, two rope teams are recommended. Carry at all times the clothing, food and equipment necessary. Rope up on all exposed places and for all glacier travel. Keep the party together, and obey the leader or majority rule. Never climb beyond your ability and knowledge. -
Washington Geology, V, 21, No. 2, July 1993
WASHINGTON GEOLOGY Washington Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources Vol. 21, No. 2, July 1993 , Mount Baker volcano from the northeast. Bagley Lakes, in the foreground, are on a Pleistocene recessional moraine that is now the parking lot for Mount Baker Ski Area. Just below Sherman Peak, an erosional remnant on the left skyline, is Boulder Glacier. Park and Rainbow Glaciers share the area below the main summit (Grant Peak, 10,778 ft) . Boulder, Park, and Rainbow Glaciers drain into Baker Lake, which is out of the photo on the left. Mazama Glacier forms under the ridge that extends to Hadley Peak on the right. (See related article, p. 3 and Fig. 2, p. 5.) Table Mountain, the flat area just above and to the right of center, is a truncated lava flow. Lincoln Peak is just visible over the right shoulder of Mount Baker. Photo taken in 1964. In This Issue: Current behavior of glaciers in the North Cascades and its effect on regional water supplies, p. 3; Radon potential of Washington, p. 11; Washington areas selected for water quality assessment, p. 14; The changing role of cartogra phy in OGER-Plugging into the Geographic Information System, p. 15; Additions to the library, p. 16. Revised State Surface Minin!Jf Act-1993 by Raymond Lasmanls WASHINGTON The 1993 regular session of the 53rd Le:gislature passed a major revision of the surface mine reclamation act as En GEOLOGY grossed Second Substitute Senate Bill No. 5502. The new law takes effect on July 1, 1993. Both environmental groups and surface miners testified in favor of the act. -
Preliminary Geologic Map of the Mount Baker 30- by 60-Minute Quadrangle, Washington
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Preliminary Geologic Map of the Mount Baker 30- by 60-Minute Quadrangle, Washington by R.W. Tabor1 , R.A. Haugerud2, D.B. Booth3, and E.H. Brown4 Prepared in cooperation with the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth Resources, Olympia, Washington, 98504 OPEN FILE REPORT 94-403 This report is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S.Geological Survey editorial standards or with the North American Stratigraphic Code. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. iu.S.G.S., Menlo Park, California 94025 2U.S.G.S., University of Washington, AJ-20, Seattle, Washington 98195 3SWMD, King County Department of Public Works, Seattle, Washington, 98104 ^Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington 98225 INTRODUCTION The Mount Baker 30- by 60-minute quadrangle encompasses rocks and structures that represent the essence of North Cascade geology. The quadrangle is mostly rugged and remote and includes much of the North Cascade National Park and several dedicated Wilderness areas managed by the U.S. Forest Service. Geologic exploration has been slow and difficult. In 1858 George Gibbs (1874) ascended the Skagit River part way to begin the geographic and geologic exploration of the North Cascades. In 1901, Reginald Daly (1912) surveyed the 49th parallel along the Canadian side of the border, and George Smith and Frank Calkins (1904) surveyed the United States' side. Daly's exhaustive report was the first attempt to synthesize what has become an extremely complicated geologic story. -
1968 Mountaineer Outings
The Mountaineer The Mountaineer 1969 Cover Photo: Mount Shuksan, near north boundary North Cascades National Park-Lee Mann Entered as second-class matter, April 8, 1922, at Post Office, Seattle, Wash., under the Act of March 3, 1879. Published monthly and semi-monthly during June by The Mountaineers, P.O. Box 122, Seattle, Washington 98111. Clubroom is at 7191h Pike Street, Seattle. Subscription price monthly Bulletin and Annual, $5.00 per year. EDITORIAL STAFF: Alice Thorn, editor; Loretta Slat er, Betty Manning. Material and photographs should be submitted to The Mountaineers, at above address, before Novem ber 1, 1969, for consideration. Photographs should be black and white glossy prints, 5x7, with caption and photographer's name on back. Manuscripts should be typed double-spaced and include writer's name, address and phone number. foreword Since the North Cascades National Park was indubi tably the event of this past year, this issue of The Mountaineer attempts to record aspects of that event. Many other magazines and groups have celebrated by now, of course, but hopefully we have managed to avoid total redundancy. Probably there will be few outward signs of the new management in the park this summer. A great deal of thinking and planning is in progress as the Park Serv ice shapes its policies and plans developments. The North Cross-State highway, while accessible by four wheel vehicle, is by no means fully open to the public yet. So, visitors and hikers are unlikely to "see" the changeover to park status right away. But the first articles in this annual reveal both the thinking and work which led to the park, and the think ing which must now be done about how the park is to be used. -
North Cascades National Park I Mcallister Cutthroat Pass A
To Hope, B.C. S ka 40mi 64km gi t R iv er Chilliwack S il Lake v e CHILLIWACK LAKE SKAGIT VALLEY r MANNING - S k a g PROVINCIAL PARK PROVINCIAL PARK i PROVINCIAL PARK t Ross Lake R o a d British Columbia CANADA Washington Hozomeen UNITED STATES S i Hozomeen Mountain le Silver Mount Winthrop s Sil Hoz 8066ft ia ve o Castle Peak 7850ft Lake r m 2459m Cr 8306ft 2393m ee e k e 2532m MOUNT BAKER WILDERNESS Little Jackass n C Mount Spickard re Mountain T B 8979ft r e l e a k i ar R 4387ft Hozomeen Castle Pass 2737m i a e d l r C ou 1337m T r b Lake e t G e k Mount Redoubt lacie 4-wheel-drive k r W c 8969ft conditions east Jack i Ridley Lake Twin a l of this point 2734m P lo w er Point i ry w k Lakes l Joker Mountain e l L re i C ak 7603ft n h e l r C R Tra ee i C i Copper Mountain a e re O l Willow 2317m t r v e le n 7142ft T i R k t F a e S k s o w R Lake a 2177m In d S e r u e o C k h g d e u c r Goat Mountain d i b u i a Hopkins t C h 6890ft R k n c Skagit Peak Pass C 2100m a C rail Desolation Peak w r r T 6800ft li Cre e ave 6102ft er il ek e e Be 2073m 542 p h k Littl 1860m p C o Noo R C ks i n a Silver Fir v k latio k ck c e ee Deso e Ro Cree k r Cr k k l e il e i r B e N a r Trail a C To Glacier r r O T r C Thre O u s T e Fool B (U.S. -
Naturally Appealing: a Scenic Gateway in Washington's North
Naturally Appealing A scenic getaway in Washington’s North Cascades | By Scott Driscoll s o u r h i k i n g g r o u p arrives at the top of Heather Park, about 110 miles northeast of Seattle. Pass in Washington state’s North Cascades, The Park Service is celebrating the park’s we hear several low, guttural grunts. 40th birthday this year, and also the 20th anni- “That’s the sound of my heart after versary of the Washing- ton Park Wilderness seeing a bear,” comments a female hiker. She Act, which designated 94 percent of the park chuckles a trifle nervously, and we all look around. as wilderness. This area’s “majestic Those grunts sound like they’re coming from more mountain scenery, snowfields, glaciers, than one large animal. alpine meadows, lakes and other unique glaci- Whatever’s causing the sound remains well hid- ated features” were cited den behind huckleberries, subalpine firs and boul- as some of the reasons ders, but Libby Mills, our naturalist guide, sets our Congress chose to pro- minds at ease. “Those tect the land in 1968 are male dusky grouse,” “for the benefit, use and she assures us. “They’re inspiration of present competing for female and future generations.” attention.” Those natural fea- She explains that they tures are also among the make the grunting reasons the Park Service sound by inhaling air posted this quote—from CAROLYN WATERS into pink sacs—one at 19th century Scottish each side of the neck— botanist David Douglas, one of the early explorers of and then releasing the the Pacific Northwest and the person for whom the air. -
Wilderness Trip Planner
National Park Service North Cascades National Park Service Complex U.S. Department of the Interior Stephen Mather Wilderness An Enduring Legacy of Wilderness “[I]t is hereby declared to be the policy of the Congress to secure for the American people of present and future generations the benefits of an enduring resource of wilderness.” — Wilderness Act, 1964 The North Cascades National Park Complex includes 684,000 acres in three units: North Cascades National Park, Lake Chelan National Recre- ation Area, and Ross Lake National Recreation Area. Congress has designated 94% of the Complex as the Stephen Mather Wilderness. Today, as in the past, wilderness is an important part of every American’s story. People seek out wilderness for a variety of reasons: physical or mental challenge; solitude, renewal, or a respite from modern life; or as a place to find inspiration and to explore our heritage. What draws you to visit wilderness? The Stephen Mather Wilderness is at the heart of over two million acres of some of the wildest lands remaining, a place “where the earth and its community of life are untrammeled by man….” Untrammeled (meaning“free of restraint,” “unconfined”) captures the essence of wilderness: a place where the natural processes of the land prevail, and the developments of modern technological society are substantially unnoticeable. Here, we are visitors, but we also come home—to our natural heritage. It is a place to experience our past, and a place to find future respite. This is the enduring legacy of wilderness. To Hope, B.C.