452 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 22, cousin, relating to the distribution of the Geneva a ward fund-to the council of the city of Augusta, Georgil:L, and the petition of several hun Committee on the Judiciary. dred citizens of the same place, asking for an appropriation for the By Mr. MANNING: The petition of the heirs of George Gorman, erection of public 1.mildings in said city, suitable for a post-office, deceased, of Marshall County, Mississippi, for compensation for prop custom-house, &c.-to th Committee on Public Buildings and erty taken and used by the United States Army during the late war Grounds. to the Committ-ee on War Claims. By Mr. STEWART: Papers relating to the establishment of post By Mr. MARTIN: The petition of C. J. Corbin and others, of Ma routes between Spring Creek and Crookston ;· between Pelican Lake rion, West Virginia, for a reduction of the tax on ma~ufactured and Crookston; between Appleton and Ortonville; and between tobacco-to the Committee of Wa:vs and Means. Lake Tokna and Ortonville, Minnesotar--to the Committee on the Also, the petition of Alphens D. Lyons and others, of West Virginia, Post-Office and Post-Roads. relative to the equalization of bounty to soldiers of the late war By Mr. STONE: Papers relating to the claims of E. S. Warrall and to the Committee on Military Affairs.. others-to the Committee on Commerce. By Mr. McKENZIE : Papers relating to the claim of Henry Thier Also, the petition of M. C. Burlington, John Burg, James M. For man and White Frost-to the Committee on the Judiciary. ney, and others, against the extension of the patent of James B. By Mr. McMAHON: The petitions of John Glass and Thomas J. Sarven on buggy wheels-to the Committee on. Patents. Scott, for pensions-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. SWANN: The petition of the workingmen employed at Also, the petition of Gottlob Weichman and other citizens of Mont Locust Point rolling-mills, Baltimore, Maryland, against the reduc gomery County, Ohio, for a post-route from Trotwood to Amity, tion of the tariff-to the Committee of Ways and Means. Ohio-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. THOMPSON: The petition of 6,000 citizens of Pennsylva By Mr. MORGAN: The petition of Dr. R. H. Green, for a pension nia, for the passage of a law prohibiting discriminations in freight to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. by railroads-t-o the Committee on Commerce. By Mr. MORRISON: The petition of George Marshall and others, By Mr. TIPTON: The petition of laboring-men on the frontier, for against any reduction of duties on imports and against the restora the payment of Indian vouchers-to the Committee on Indian Affairs. tion of duty on tea and coffee-to the Committee of Ways and 1\feans. By .Mr. TOWNSEND, of Ohio: The petition of ·william J. Barney By Mr. MULLER: Two petitions of cork manufacturers and labor and 53 other citizens of Cleveland, Ohio, and of William Grant and ers of Pennsylvania, and of cork manufacturers and laborers of the 287 other citizens, engaged in the manufacture of paper at Cleve State of New York, that the duties on corks remain unchanged-to land, Ohio, opposing any modification of the tariff laws-to the Com the Committee of Ways and Means. mittee of ·ways and .Means. By Mr. OVER'I:ON: The petition of James G. Mason, for a pen Also, tbe petition of Anson Smith and Caroline Smith, of Cleve sion-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. land, Ohio, that the charter of the Capital National Insurance Com By Mr. PAGE: Resolutions of the senate and assembly of Califor pany of Washington, District of Columbia, be repealed on account of nia, favoring appropriations for the erection of a new Federal build the non-payment of lol:!ses by said company-to the Committee for ing at Sacmmento, California, and for the improvement of the navi tne District of Columbia. gation of the Sacramento and Feather Rivers-to the Committee on By Mr. 'V AIT: The petition of Charles Spaulding and others, of Public Buildings and Grounds. Norwich, Connecticut, against repealing the duty on corks; and of Also, resolutions of the senate and assembly of California, favoring J . .M. Huntington. and others, also of Norwich, Connecticut, for a ,appropriations for the improvement of the San Joaquin River-to change in the tariff on sugars, molasses, and melado, to the Commit the Committee on Commerce. tee of Ways and Means. Also, a paper relating to the establishment of a post-route between By Mr. WELCH: The petition of citizens of Nebraska, for the San Andrea.s and Sheep Ranch, Californiar--to the Committee on the retention of the duty on 1ia.xseeu-to the Committee of 'Vays and Post-Office and Post-Roads. Means. By Mr. PATTERSON, of Colorado: Papers relating to the bill for Also, memorial of the Board of Trade of Omaha and others, for the relief of H. C. Alleman-to the Committee of Claims. au appropriation to improve the :Missouri River at Omaha, Nebraska, By Mr. PRIDEMORE: The petition of J. R. Anderson and other and Council Blu.fis, Iowa-to the Committee on Commerl'e. citizens, of Tennessee, for a commission of inquiry concerning the By Mr. WHITTHORNE: The petition of .Mrs. Lncrnda C. Dilla alcoholic liquor traffic-to the Committee of Ways and Means. hunty, for a peu~:~ion-to the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. ·By .Mr. QUINN: The petition of distillers and rectifiers of New By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Michigan: The petitions of John Martin Jersey, for a reduction of the tax on whisky-to the same committee. and Nelson .M. Farrar, for pensions-to the Committee on Invalid By Mr. RANDOLPH: Papers relating to the claim of Sarah E. Pensions. Thompson-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Also, the petition of farmers and wool-growers, of Michigan, pro By Mr. REED : The petition of Charles R. Loring and other work testing against a reduction of duty on imported wool, and the peti ingmen, of Brunswick and Windham, Maine, agains~ any reduction of tions of .Parke, Davis & Co., manufacturing chemists, of Detroit, the duties which protect labor, and against the reimposition of the and Charles R. Higgins and others, e~ployes of manufacturers of duties on tea and coffee-to the Committee of Ways and Means. chemicals, against auy rednctwn of duties on like articles imported By Mr. RICE, of Ohio: The petition of George Littlejohn and iuto this country-to the Committee of Ways and Means. others, of Port Jefferson, Ohio, that the duty on fiaxseedand linseed Also, papers relating to the claims of John W. Thompson and oil remain unchanged-to the same committee. others, for Joss of tools in the Government service-to the Committee By Mr. ROBBINS: The petition of citizens and manufacturers of on War Claims. Durham, North Carolina, for the reduction of the tax on manufact By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Wisconsin: The petitions of citizens of ured. tobacco and snuff-to the same committee. Racine, Wisconsin, for the repeal of the bankrupt law, and of the Also, the petition of citizens of North Carolina, for the reduction Grand Temple of Honor of Wisconsin, for a commission of inquiry of the tax on licorice-paste-to the same committee. concerning the alcoholic liquor traffic-to the C6mmittee on the By Mr. ROMERO : Papers relating to the es~ablishment of post Judiciary. routes between Fort Bascom, New Mexico, and Fort Elliott, Texas; Also, two petitions from merc!Iants and business men of Chicago, between Silver City, New Mexico, and Glove City, Arizona; between lllinois, for the establishment of a lake coast-light and fog-signal Abiquiu, San Juan, and Lower Animas Valley; and between Socorro station on Racine Point, on Lake Michigan, in Wisconsin-to the and 8an Francisco, by way of Socorro Mines and Tularosa, New Mex Committee on Commerce. ico-to the Committee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Delaware: Papers relating to the claim of By Mr. SAPP: Papers relating to the establishment of post-routes N. H. Coverda.le-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. between Eureka, Hays, and Newland's Grove; betweenEme11>0n and By Mr. WILLIS, of New York: Papers rela.ti.llg to the claim of Hunter's Bran~h; between Exira, Tyner, and Coon Rapids; between Richard On!ahan-to the Committee on War Claims. Exira and Westside ; between Mount Ayr and Westerville; between By Mr. W 1LLITS : Three petitions of citizens of Littlefield, of Cromwell and Mount Ayr; between Council Bluffs, Crescent City, Jonesville, and of Hillsdale, Michigan, for the protection of wool Harrison, Blair, and Logan; between Nodaway Mills and Centre; growers-to the Committee of Ways and Means. between Harlan and Exira ; between Harlan and Loga~ ; between By Mr. WRIGHT: The petition of William H. Deery, for a pen Shelby and Miller; between Red Oak and Climax; between Farra sion-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. gut and Vaughan; and between Logan, Magnolia, and Soldier Val By Mr. YOUNG: Papers relating to the pension claims of Sarah J. ley, lowar--to the same committee. Go~s and James G. Williams-to the same committee. By Mr. SAYLER: The petition of distillers, rectifiers, dealers, Also, the petition of Delas A. Harrell, for compensation for prop manufacturers, druggists, and merchants, of Cincinnati, Ohio, for a erty taken by the United States Army-to the Committee on Wat reduction of the tax on spirits-to the Committee of Ways and Means. Claims. Also, the petition of citizens of Cincinnati, Ohio, and vicinity, for an appropriation in aid of settlers on public lands-to the Commit tee on Public Lands. By Mr. SHELLEY: The petition of J. Waltemeyer, of Washington, IN SENATE. District of Columbia, for relief-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. By Mr. SINGLETON: The petition of William L. Clearman, for TuESDAY, January 22, 1878. compensation for property taken by the United States Army-to the The Senate 'met at half-past one o'clock p. m. Committee on War Claims. Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON SUNDERLAND, D. D. By Mr. STEPHENS, of Georgia: The memorial of the mayor and The Journal of yesterday's·proceedings was read and approv~ 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 453
HOUSE BILL REFERRED. are that no portion of the public lands shall hereafter be sold or The bill (H. R. No. 2057) to amend the charter of the Mutual Fire given away either to individuals or corporations. "A portion of land, Insurance Company of the District of Columbia was read twice by comprising eighty acres, as prescribed by the homestead bill, shall be its title, and referred to the Committee on the.District of Columbia. placed at the disposal of every actual settler, who is to pay for the use thereof a moderate yearly rental tax." * * * "The rental tax PROTECTION OF DISTRICT RECORDS. shall be applied to assist the indigent in settling upon lands they The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate the amendments of desire." * ,. * "Lands needed for public squares, parks, institu the House of Representatives to the bill (S. No. 412) to punish em tions, roads, and forest-culture are to be reserved by the Government, bezzlement in the District of Columbia, and to protect the records of and alllan<.ls sold and not cultivated up to a certain time shall be .so,id District, and for other purposes ; which were referred to the reclaimed by the United States, the owners receiving the original Committee on the District of Columbia. price given by them. The sums needed for the repurchase of such lands may partly be derived from the rental tax." The memorialists EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION. state quite fully the reasons governing them in making this request. The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a communication I move the reference of the memorial to the Committee on Public from the Secretary of War, transmitting, in accordance with the re Lands. quest of the Committee on Military Affairs, an expression of his views The motion was agreed to. in regard to the bill (S. No. 165) to reimburse the State of Texas for Mr. ROLLINS presented the memorial of Henry W. Boynton and expenses incurred by said State in repelling invasions of Indians and others, citizens of Ashland, New Hampshire, engaged in the manu Mexicans; which, on motion of Mr. HAMLIN, was referred to the facture of straw, leather, and binders' goods, remonstrating against Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed. any reduction of ta.riff duties and against the reimposition of the war tax upon tea and coffee; which was referred to the Committee on .PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Finance. · Mr. HOWE presented a memorial of the Chamber of Commerce of Mr. DAWES. I present a series of resolutions passed by the Fall Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in favor of an appropriation to complete the River Manufacturers' Board of Trade at a meeting held in Fall River, breakwater and the entrance to the harbor of refuge in Sturgeon Massachusetts, January 12, 187t:l, in which they set forth in as strong Bay; which was referred to the Committee on Commerce. language as can be used what seems to them to be the hazard of the :Mr. CONKLING. I present a petition signed by citizens of the experiments involved in the silver bill now pending before Congress. county of Cattaraugus, like a number of other petitions which I I move the reference of these resolutions to the Committee on have in my hand, and I will indicate the import of this one. The Finance. uetitioners· ask to have silver remonetized and reissued, because the The motion was agreed to. acli "'~ .. !rich it was demonetized was never discussed in Congress, Mr. DORSEY. I present six petitions of citizens of Hot Springs, nor by the public press, nor its effects understood, nor its passage con Arkansas, praying an amendment to the bill passed in relation to a .sented to by the people; because it rendered unavailable one-half reservation at that place last year, in order to enable them to purchase the material in which the payment of the Government debt had been the property upon which their improvements are placed. I move pledged, and because it was unjust and unfair to the people thus to their reference to the Committee on Public Lands. double the burdens of said debt by depreciating the value and de The motion was agreed to. stroying the power of silver for that purpose. They ask to have Mr. OGLESBY presented the memorial of eighteen firms of millers .silver remonetized in order to add to our present circulating medium· and flour dealers of Chicago, Illinois, remonstrating against the a sufficient sum to relieve the wants of trade and the requirements of granting to E. M. Horsford of an extension of his patent for the manu business, to give employment to millions of idle but honest people, facture of an acid substitute for cream of tartar used for culinary and, finally, to give labor and private enterprise a fair and equal re purposes; which was referred to the Committee on Patents. turn with public and corporate debts, thereby affording all classes He also presented the petition of D. R. Pomeroy and 50 others, .an opportunity to preserve their own as well as the public credit. citizens of Plana, Kendall County, Illinois, praying for the granting· They ask for the repeal of the resumption act because its enforce of a pension to Mrs. Mary E. Lowe, wife of Captain John H. Lowe ; ment would bankrupt every debtor in the land and render houseless which was :referred to the Committee on Pensions. .and homeless millions of people who under more liberal legislation He also presented the petition of Martha C. Kendall, of Adrian, might lle saved from such disasters. The remainder of the petition Kendall County, lllinois, praying for a pension on account of serv explains in emphatic words the deep interest felt by th& petitioners. ices rendered by her son during the late war; which was referred Like petitions have been sent me signed by citizens of Auburn to the Committee. on Pensioos. County, New York, by citizens of Allegany County, by citizens of Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania, presented the memorial of .Otsego County, another petition from Allegany County, on0 from Michae] Feeley and others, workingmen of Pottsville, Pennsylvania, citizens of Washington County, one from the city of New York; an engaged in the manufacture of iron; the memorial of J. K. Dobson other from the same city, a third also from New York Vity; one from and others, workingmen of Phrenixville, Pennsylvania, engaged in Chemung County, and one from Westchester County, all of them, the manufacture of iron ; the memorial of Joseph Miles and others, taken together, signed by a large number of citizens who seem to be workingmen of Manaynnk, Pennsylvania, engaged in the manufact workingmen mainly and men connected with enterprise. ure of paper; and the memorial of Eli J. Atwood and others, work The VICE-PRESIDENT. The several petitions will be referred to ingmen engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel, remonstrating · the Commitf{ee on Finance. against any reduction of the tariff and against the reimposition of Mr. CONKLING. I present also the petition of Thomas C. Smith, the tax on tea and coffee; which were referred to the Committee on -of the Porcelain Pottery Company of Greenpoint, New York, praying Finance. that no heedless revision of the tariff shall be made. I move its refer :Mr. MATTHEWS presented the petition of Knowles, Taylor & -ence to the Committee on Finance. Knowles and others, manufacturers of china-ware, &c., of East The motion was agreed to. . Liverpool, Ohio, employing a large number of workingmen, praying Mr. CONKLING. I present a memorial signed by workingmen and that Congress will take no a-ction concerning a revision of the tariff firms of Little Falls, New York, remonstrating against liberating from duties until after it shall have ascertained by an official inquiry the customs duties certain fabrics and imports specified in the memorial. condition of the industries of the country and that the nature of the I move its reference to the Committee on Finance. proposed tariff legislation is such as in the opinion of practical busi The motion was agreed to. ness men would best promote the restoration of general prosperity; Mr. FERRY presented the petition of John McEwan and others, which was referred to the Committee on Finance. manufacturers of salt, of Bay City, Michigan, employing eighty-two Mr. MATTHEWS. I also present a similar petition from A. Coffin workmen, praying that Congress will take no action concerning a and others, manufacturers of woolens, lumber, &c., of Ghent, Sum revision of tariff duties until after it shall have ascertained by an mit County, Ohio, employinlttwenty-nine workmen. I move its ref -official inquiry the condition of the industries of the country and that erence to the Committee on .l!'inance. · the nature of the proposed tariff legislation is such as in the opinion The motion was agreed to. of practical business men would best promote the restoration of gen Mr. MATTHEWS. I present the petition of Frank Kessler and eral prosperity; which was referred to th~ Committee on Finance. others; workingmen of Cleveland; Ohio, engaged in the manufacture He also presented additional papers in the case of H. A. Stone, of of chemicals, and the petition of Thomas Alexander and othei'B, Calhoun County, Michigan, praying for an extension of his patent workingmen of Cleveland, Ohio, engaged in the manufacture of iron, for a machine for the manufacture of cheese; which were referred to praying that there shall be no change inthe tariff affecting the busi the Committee on Patents. ness in which they are engaged, and remonstrating against the reduc Mr. WINDOM presented the memorial of J. A. Christian & Co. and tion of the war tax on tea and coffee. I move the reference of these others, business firms of Minneapolis, Minnesota, protesting against petitions to the Committee on Finance.· the passage of Senate bill No. 371, for the extension for a period of The motion was agreed to. seven years of the Horsford patent for an acid substitute for cream Mr. ANTHONY presented the petit.ion of the Enterprise Company of tartar for culinary purposes; which was referred the Committee and others, manufacturers of worsted, braid, &c., 'of Woonsocket, on Patents. Rhode Island, employing seven hundred workmen, praying that Con-. Mr. HOAR. I present the petitio1:1 of K. Heinzen and others, citi gress will take no action concerning a revision of tariff duties until zens of Massachusetts, chiefly of Boston, praying for certain measures after it shall have ascertained by an official inquiry the condition of which they describe as calculated to promote the culture and insure the industries of the country and that the nature of the proposed. the preservation of the public lands for the people. Those measures tariff legislatien is such as in the opinion of practical business men 454 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 22, would best promote the restoration of general prosperity; which was restoration of general prosperity; which were referred to the Com- referred to the Committee on Finance. mittee on Finance. . Mr. WHYTE presented the memorial of George W. Coates, jr., Mr. BOOTH presented two petitions, numerously signed by citizens George Beays, and others, workingmen at Locust Point, Baltimore, of California, praying that no action be taken by Congress to allow Maryland, remonstrating against the reduction of duties on imports the Southern Pacific Railroad Company to change their route, a:ad and the reimposition of the war tax upon tea and coffee; which was protesting against an extension of the time for the completion of the referred to the Committee on Finance. same; which were referred to the Committee on Railroads. He also presented the memorial of Bollman & Carl and others, lead He also presented the petition of citizens of Arizona, in reference ing fiTms and business men of Baltimore, Maryland, remonstrating to Mexican land grants in Arizona ; which was referred to the Com against increased duties on vinegar; which was referred to the Com mittee on Private Land Claims. mittee on Finance. Mr. WALLACE presented thepetitionof the Milton Iron Company, He also presented the petition of Captain William Chandler, late manufacturers of bar-iron, at Milton, Pennsylvania, employing forty of the United States Navy, praying to be allowed the difference be workmen, praying that Congress will take no action concerning a tween the pay of a lieutenant-commander and that of a commander revision of the tariff duties until after it shall have ascertained by in the United States Navy; which was referred to the Committee on an official inquiry the condition of the industries of the country and Naval Affairs. that the nature of the proposed tariff legislation is such as in the Mr. CHRISTIANCY presented the petition of G. F. Williams and opinion of practical business men would best promote the restora others, citizens of Washington and Kane Counties, Utah Territory, tion of general prosperity; which was referred to the Committee on praying an amendment of the law providing for the holding of terms Finance. of court in the second judicial district of that Territory ; which was Mr. CAMERON, of Wiscensin, presented a petition of the Grand referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. Temple of Honor of Wisconsin, signed by its officers, praying for the Mr. MAXEY presented the petition of John W. Webb and others, appointment of a commission of inquiry concerning the alcoholic citizens of Lamar County, Texas, praying for the establishment of a liquor traffic; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. post-route from Paris, via Central Springs, to Goddard, in that State; Mr. WADLEIGH presented the petition of Edmund R. Bachalder, which was referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. of Exeter, New Hampshire, praying to have his name restored to the He also presented the petition of A. C. Bennett and others, citizens pension-list; which was referred to the Committee on Pensions. of Frio County, TexaB, praying for the establishment of a post-route He also presented the memorial of N. M. Reed and others, citizens from Frio Town to McKinney's Store, in that State ; which was of Ashland, New Hampshire, remonstrating against a reduction of the referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. 1luties on imports and also against the restoration of the duties on Mr. WITHERS presented resolutions adopted at a public meeting tea and coffee; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. of citizens of Alexandria, Virginia, in favor of the remonetization of silver, the substitution of greenbacks for national-bank notes as cur REPORTS OF COMMITI'EES. rency, and tho resumption of specie payments; which were referred Mr. MORRILL, from the Committee on Finance, to whom was re to the Committee on Finance. ferred the bill (H. R. No. 542) to change the location and name of Mr. WITHERS I also present the petition of depositors in the the Miners' National Bank of Braidwood, Illinois, reported it with Richmond, Virginia, branch of the Freedman's Savings Bank, repre an amendment. senting, I am informed, six thousa,nd depositors, praying that the He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill United States Government may reimburse them for the loss of their (S. No. 265) to remit taxes on insolvent savings banks, reported it deposits in that bank. I move the refe:cence of the petition to the with an amendment. Committee on Finance. Mr. BURNSIDE, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom The motion was agreed to. was referred the bill (S. No. 505) for the relief of Henry Romeyn, Mr. KERNAN presented the petition of the Crown Point Iron reported adversely thereon, and the bill was postponed indefinitely. Company and other manufactm·ers, of Crown Point, New York, em Mr. MAXEY, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom ploying seven hundred workmen, and the petition of C. B. Clark and was referred the bill (H. R. No. 376) for the payment to the officers other manufacturers, of Syracuse, New York, employing one hundred and soldiers of the Mexican war of the three months' pay provided and forty-five workmen, praying that Congress will take no action for by the act of July 19, 1848, reported it with au amendment. concorning a revision of tariff «luties until after it shall have ascer He also, from the same committee, to whom was referred the bill tained by an official inquiry the condition of the industries of the (S. No. 252) for the relief of W. D. Rollyson, submitted an adverse country and that the nature of the proposed tariff legislation is such report thereon; which was ordered to be printed, and the bill was as in the opinion of practical business men would best pr8mote the postponed indefinitely. restoration of general prosperity; which were referred to the Com Mr. COCKRELL, from the Committee on Military Affairs, to whom mittee on Finance. was referred the bill (S. No. 217) for the relief of John A. Shaw, Mr. KERNAN. I present nine petitions of the same character, reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon; signed quite numerously, one from Rochester, Monroe County; one which was ordered to be printed. from Catskill, Greene County ; one from Brooklyn, one from Cayuga Mr. HAMLIN. I move that the report of the joint select commit County, one from Schodac, Renssalaer County; ono from the city of tee on Chinese immigration in California be referred to the Commit New York, one from Westchester County, New York, and two from tee on Foreign Relations. Otsego County, New York, praying for the remonetization of silver The VICE-PRESIDENT. To which the Chair hears no objection, and the repeal of the resumption act. I move the reference of these and it is so referred. petitions to the Committee on Finance. Mr. SARGENT. Mr. J;>resident, I think, on February 13, 1S74, a The motion was agreed to. · large petition was presented (a petition containing 20,000 names) Mr. ARMSTRONG presented the petition of Virginia Gardner, from citizens of San Francisco, California, upon this same subject of widow of the late Commodore William H. Gardner, United States Chinese immigration. That petition at that time was referred to the Navy, praying to be allowed a pension; which wa.a referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations; but no action was taken by the Committee on Pensions. committee. I desire, as the committee is now again considering the Mr. ALLISON presented the petition of P. N. Woods and other matter, that that petition may go to the committee. manufa.cturers and machinists, at Fairfield, Iowa, employing thirty The VICE-PRESIDENT. · That order will be entered. workmen, praying that Congress will take no action concerning a CHANGE OF REFERENCE. revision of tariff duties until after it shall have ascertained by an official inquiry the condition of the industries of the country and Mr. McDONALD. I notice that the bill (S. No. 564) to establish a tltat the nature of the proposed tariff legislation is such as in the mint for the coinage of gold and silver at Indianapolis, in the State opinion of practical business men would best promote the restora of Indiana, and appropriating certain Government grounds and build tion of general prosperity; which was referred to the Committee on ings to the use of the same, as also money for the purchase of the Finance. necessary machinery, introduced by me yesterday, has been referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. I understood Mr. MITCHELL pr~ented the petition of F. Smith and others, cit izens of Oregon, praying for the passage of the bill providing for the the order of reference to be to the Committee on Finance, which construction of the Portland, Salt Lake and South Pass Railroad, seems to_me to be the appropriate committee, and I ask to have the and for the location of the Northern Pacific Railroad, and for the ex reference changed. tension of time for the completion of the same; which was referred The VICE-PRESIDENT. The reference will be changed, as sug to the Committee on Railroads. gested by the Senator from Indiana. Mr. BURNSIDE presented the petition of the Greene and Daniels BILLS INTRODUCED. Manufacturing Company, of Pawtucket, Rhode Island, employing Mr. DORSEY asked, and by unanimous c0nsent obtained, leave to three hundred workmen; the petition of the Riverdale Mills, at Prov introduce a bill (S. No. 573) for the relief of the officers and privates of idence, Rhode Island, employing eight hundred workmen; and the the Fourth Arkansas Cavalry Volunteers; which was read twice by petition of J. A. G8wdey & Son, manufacturers of loom-reeds, at its title, and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. Providence, Rhode Island, praying that Congress will r.ake no action Mr. DAWES asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to concerning a. revision of tari1i' duties until after it shall have ascer introduce a bill (S. No. 574) to authorize the taking of certain parcels tained by an official inquiry the condition oi the industries of the of land for the Congressional Library, and for other purposes; which country and that the nature of the proposed tariff legislation is such was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Publio as in the opinion of practical business men wo"flld best promote the Buildings and Grounds. 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 465
Mr. McMILLAN a-sked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave a difference of opinion among tae authoriiies of Mainev :whether to to introduce a bill (S. No. 575) to establish a post-route from Benson, go back to its colonial history for the choice of representative persons via Langhei and Hereb, to White Bear Centre, Minnesota; which or to take the period of the revolutionary struggle with Great Brit was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Post ain, or to como down to the later time of the separation and inde Offices and Post-Roads. pendent organization of the State. At each of these distant epochs Mr. McMILLAN. I desire to present a petition, numerously signed the State is rich in illustrious names. by citizens of Minnesota, indicating the desire for the post-route for During the colonial period, Sir William Phipps, born in Woolwich: the establishment of which the bill is introduced. Maine, in 1651, commanded the fleet of the colonies which captlll'ed The VICE-PRESIDENT. The petition will be referred with the Port Royal, the capital of French Arcadia, in 1690, for which exploit bill to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. he was baroneted by the Brit ish Crown. In tlte same year he com ~1r. PADDOCK asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave manded a still larger fleet against Quebec, and in 1692 was appointed t~ introduce a bill (S. No. 576) to amend the statutes in relation to governor of the province of Ma-ssachusetts. immediate transportation of imported merchandise; which was read Sir William Pepperell, who was born in Kittery, Maine, in 1696, twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. where he died in 1759, was intrusted with the supreme -command of Mr. PADDOCK. In support of the bill I present a copy of a Jetter the forces of New England which achieved the capture of the famous from the honorable Secretary of the Treasury, addressed to Hon. H. fortress of Louisburg, in 1745. For this feat of arms he was not only C. BURCHARD, of the Committee of Ways and Means of the House of baroneted by the British Crown but received successive appointments Representatives, and numerous petitions from important towns and in the British army of colonel, major-general, and lieutenant-genera-l. cities of the Union. We have not been able to :find any other case where Dat ife citizens of The VICE-PRESIDENT. All of which will be referred with the any of the States w bile they were in colonial condition we11e knighted bill. • by Great Britain for eminent dil:!tinction or achievements. Mr. HARRIS asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to During the revolutionary epoch General Henry Knox, of the artil introduce a bill (H. No. 577) to provide for the appointment of a dis lery arm, served from Dorchester Heights to Yorktown. General trict jud~e for the western district of Tennessee; which was read Washington, who had leaned upon him as one of his sturdiest sup twice by 1ts title, and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. ports in the field, placed him in his Cabinet as Secretary of War. Mr. CONKLING (by request) asked, and by unanimous consent General Knox was born in Massachusetts when Maine and Massa obtained, leave to introduce a bill (S. No. 578) for the relief of Edwin chusetts were one State, but he wtmt to live upon his estates in M. Hart, of New York, late a disbursing officer in the Navy of the Maine in 1795, where he died and was buried. United States; which was read twice by its title, and, with the ac Commodore Edward Preble, who died in his native city of Port companying papers, referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. land, Maine, in 1ti07, served with great distinction during the _revo Mr. MITCHELL asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave lutionary struggle, first as a privateer and afterward in a public to introduce a bill (S. No. 579) making an appropriation for a survey armed vessel of Ma-ssachusetts. He entered the national Navy in of the waters of the Pacific Ocean at Cape Foulweather, in the State 1799, and commanded the squadron which covered itself with glory of Oregon, with a view of determining the practicability and cost of at Tripoli in 1804. He is justly r~garded as the father of the Ameri constructing a harbor of refuge at that point; which was read twice can Navy, and no history of it can be writteu without writing sub by its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. stantially the life of Commodore Preble, so indissolubly are the two He also asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to intro connected. duce a bill (S. No. 580) providing for the survey of Alsea River and The authorities of Maine, however, decided to present to the nation Harbor and buoying the same; which was read twice by its title, and as its first contribution to the National Statuary Hall the ·statue of referred to the Committee on Commerce. a man connected with its history as an independ¥t State, and, hav He also asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to intro ing come to that decision, they had no don bts or alfficulties in select duce a bill-(S. No. 5i::Sl) for the improvement of the military wagon ing the person. William King was the first governor of the State, road from Scottsburgh, Oregon, to Camp Stewart, Oregon; which and the universal contemporary judgment marked him as the fore was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Mil most of the men of Maine of his times and generation, in all the in itary Affairs. tellectual and moral endowments which constitute individual great Mr. PLUMB asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to ness. In his publiccareerhewastheleaderinmemorable meaaUl'es in introduce a bill (S. No. 582) providing for the payment of counsel vindication of religious freedom and the rights of labor, the influence fees in Osage ceded-land suits; which was read twice by its title, of which was felt over the whole couutry while he yet lived, and will and referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs. continue to be felt so long as we remain a free people. He also asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to intro Governor King was born in the town of Scarborough, Maine, in duce a bill (S. No. 583) for the relief of J. K. McLean, late postmas 1768. Commencing life with little or no patrimonyt he was a. laborer ter at Florence, Kansas; which was read twice by its title, and for a time in the manufacture of lorn ber in Topsham, Maine1 but referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. soon removed to the city of Bath, Maine, where he had a long and Mr. BUTLER asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave to prosperous business career aa a merchant. He died in Bath in 1852, introduce a bill (S. No. 584) to repeal section 3412 of the Revised at the advanced age of eighty-four years. In person he was of the Statutes of the United States, the same being section 122 of the na most imposing aud commanding prese11ce. He was the ha.lf brother tional-bank act; which was read twice by its title, and referred to of Rufus King, of New York, the jurist, orator, statesman,a::ld diplo the Committee on Finance. matist, and who was as able as he was distinguished. Rufus and Mr. BURNSIDE asked, and by unanimous consent obtained, leave William were of opposing schools in politics, and each were equally to introduce a bill (S. No. 5tS5) to amend section 2763 of the Revised earnest in advocating their respective opinions. Of less culture than Statutes; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the Com- Rufus, William King was oonsidered by thosewhoknewthem both and mittee on Commerce. . were competent to judge to be the superior in manly and intellectual PAPERS WITHDRAWN AND REFERRED. endowments. I saw him for the first time in the sixty-ninth year of On motion of Mr. CONKLING, it was his age, and the impression he made upon me confirmed tbe judg OrderedJ. That the papers relating to the case of Benjamin P. Runkle be taken ment of his cotemporaries, that his intellectual endowments were from the nles of the Senate and refe:rred. to the Committee on the Judiciary. extraordinary. The enchantment that surrounds distinguished per V' sons in the distance is too often dissipated by nearer approach. It is STATUE OF GOVERNOR WILLIAM KING, OF MAINE. rare inueed that we estimate men intellectually by a higher standard Mr. HAMLIN submitted the following resolutions; which were as we approach, come in contact, and associate with them. In my read: long experience and acquaintance with public men I have known Resolved "fly the Senate, (the HOU8e of Repruentati1Jes concurring,) That the th.anks but very few such persons. Of these William King was conspicu of Con~ess be presented tu the governor~.-..~d through him to the people of the ously one. State of Maine, for the statue of William .lUng, whose name is so honorably iden. tified with the early history of that State. · Governor King frequently represented his town and county in both Resolved, That this work of art is accepted in the name of the nation and aa. branches of the Legislature. He was a major-general of the militia signed a place in the old Hall of the House of Representatives, already set' aside by of Maine, and in honorable service as such during the war of 1812-'15. a..cc of Congress for statues of eminent citizens, ar..d that a copy of this resolution, He took a leading part in the separation of Maine from Massachu si~ed by the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of R.epresent,. atives, be transmitted to the governor of the State of Maine. setts, and presided over the convention which framed the consti tution of Maine. He was elected its first governor, with less than Mr. HAMLIN. 1\fr. President, by the authority and at the request two thousand votes for all other persons. He did not hold the office of the governor of Maine, my colleague and myself present, in behalf of governor through the term for which he was elected, havin r ac of the State, the statue of William King, as the first contribution of cepted an appointment tendered him by President Monroe, as o;:e of the State in response to the request of Congress that the several the commissioners for the distribution of the fnnds set apart on~ of States should furnish statues of two of their representative a.nd emi the purchase-money of Florida, to satisfy the claims of American nent ~en to be placed in the National Statuary Hall. citizens against Spain. He also held other public positions of im- This statue was executed by Mr. Simmons, who is a native of Maine. portance. · As a work of art we believe it to be his most successful production. His administration of the office of governor, although short cov Ot~er statues of his execution which have received merited appro ered the important period of the first organization of the State1 as bation already grace the Hall for' which this one is destined· while respeets the appointment to office and shaping its policy. In this as other works of his adorn the city. ' in everything, Governor King displayed that' largeness'· of rpmd1 In the selection of the man to be thus commemorated here there was which was his distinguishing characteristic. Especially is thftJ re- 456 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. membered in regard to the judiciary department. Not only did he place in more distinct relief their extraordinary virtues. But they were display the rarest discrimination in selecting learned, able, and up yet in the glimmer of morning, and the full light of the day of re right judges, but although his own political views were· alwa-ys ligicus liberty had not yet surrounded them. Roger Williams, whose strong and sharply defined, he aro e clear and high above party and statue adorns the same Hall which is to hold that of Governor King, so constituted the courts from the e~ent men of the two parties of was ignominiously expelled from the Bay State to the Providence that time that the confidence and affection of the whole body of the Plantations for no other offense than his stern advocacy of religious people were secured~ the tribunals appointed to administer jus freedom and the rights of conscience; and it was only by slow degrees tice and determine pnvate Iights. So should our judiciary systems and by successive steps that the rigors of legal coercion in matters of ever be organized and sustained. religion were relaxed in 1\lassachusetts and Maine. Governor King was the able advocate both of the common-school As late as 1811 compulsory taxation was imposed upon every citizen system and the endowment of all the higher grades of educational for the support of the lawful, settled minister of the parish, and institutions. The constitution of Maine, in which he conspicuously every part of the State was embraced within the territorial limits of assisted, makes it obligatory upon all the towns to maintain public some parish. The act "respecting public worship and religions free schools and enjoins il upon the Legislature "~o encourage and suita dom," approved June 18 of that yeru-, provided that every citizen bly endow from time to time, as the circumstances of the people may might direct the appropriation of the ta.xea paid by him for religious authorize, ail academies, colleges, and seminaries of learning within purposes to the religious teacher whose instructions he was in the the State." habit of receiving. It provided, also, that every person producing a A gentleman well competent to judge, who knew Governor King in certificate of membership of any religions society, whether locatecl timately and to whom I am indebted for the information, describing within or without the town in which he resided, should be exempt Governor King as a parliamentary debater and leader, says: from the payment of parish taxes. The bitterness and perseverance He never made long speeches. He carried his points, not by art but by main with which this.measure was resisted can hardly be credited and ap strength, not by long-arawn argnments nor by sonorous periods of eloquence but by preciated at the present tiwe. Governor King was then a member of a rush or crnshlng stroke. He was teiTible, severe, and sometimes rough and hardly the senate of Massachusetts. He was himself a worthy communicant courteous. What he belie~ ed was very clear in his own mind, and he threw him self upon his opponents with irresistible effect. of the Congregationalist Church. His principal colaborer in the work of religious emancipation wasasenator :Ei:omBerkshire County, The intellect of Governor King, moved by a generous and ardent Rev. John Leland, a Baptist clergyman of advanced opinions upon nature, was a great and living force which impressed itself upon the the rights of conscience as well as all political topics. It was these whole course of public events with which he was connected; bup the two men, and Governor King first, from the extraordinary energy of limits of .this·occasion will permit a reference to two only of the par his character, who successfully sustained the struggle which severed liamentary measures with which be wa-s identified. Of both of them the last link between Church and State in Massachusetts and Maine. he was the originator and most conspicuous and prominent advocate. Time, which proves all things, has shown that the preaching of the They are the (so-called) betterment act of 1808, quieting the posses gospel and all other religious institutions receive a better support sions of the frontier sett lers of Maine, and the (so-called) religious under the volunta.ry system than eve!' has been or can be obtained freedom act of 1811, adopted in :Massa-chusetts, which included Maine by compulsory taxation. at both of these periods. The generation by whom a man is personally known soon passes At the commencement of this century fully three-fourths of .Maine away, and it happens to few men to have their characteristics and wa.s an unbroken forest, the fee of the portion of it accessible to set actions long preserved even in history. Bre et 11UL1-nwre perennius; tlement being principally held by companies under large grants made more lasting than brass or marble. But whichever may be the more in early times, and a considerable portion of these grants being enduring, the record of the services of Governor King as the uncom unsurveyad. The great West not t hen being opened, pioneer set pmmising and efficient champion of the rights of labor and of relig tlers were everywhere entering this forest and converting it, amid ious freedom, or the chiseledmru-ble which images his person and his great hardships and under the rigors of a northern climate, into features, Maine commits his statue to the care of Congr~ss and the comfortable homes, and thus enlarging the area of civilization and country in the belief that it is worthy of a place in the H all which creating and adding wealth to the State. Grasping the broad equity is destined to commemorate to distant ages the great men who have of the case, Governor King held that these men should not be treated assisted conspicuously in founding and advancing the Republic. as trespassers, but should be protected iu the enjoyment of the fruits Mr. BLAINE. Mr. President, William King was wholly identified of their toil by being allowed to purchase the fee of the lands at an with .Maine. He was born on her soil, and. lies buried beneath it, appraisement of their value in a state of nature or by being re after a long and useful life devoted with rare intelligence and sin paid for the improvements put upon them. Trained himself in gular energy to the welfare and honor of her people. early yea:rs to severe toil, he had a realizing knowledge of the worth Maine bas not selected his statue to adorn the .National Gallery from and necessities of labor and a generous sympathy with it, while as lack of men pre-eminently distinguished in the service of the General a statesman he took a just and comprehensive view of its relation Government . One of her first Sena,tors iu Congress wasJohn Holmes, to the wealth and prosperity of the State. Intelligent manual labor illustrious in his day for wit ana wisdom, the sturdy and eloquent is a school in which men attain an energy of purpose and a ca,pacity opponent of the anti-war federalists of Massachusetts, the trusted to encounter and overcome obstacles wbich are in many r~spects of adviser of Mr. Madison's administration in New England, and twice more value than all tho learning of all the schools. Labor has obsta invited to a seat in his Cabinet. Mr. Holmes was followed in tbe cles to meet ::m.d surmount, and, in whatever pursuit, whether of manual Senate by the accomplished, the graceful, the eloquent1 the learned laborf-science, or art, requiring tha highest exertions of will and pt'r Peleg Sprague~ He served ten years in Congress, where he attained sistency to overcome them, fl:lrnishes the best training for the develop an exalted position, excelled only by his larger fame as a lawyer; ment of the intellectual and moral powers of man. To secure and and after a brilliant professional and political career in Maine promote the just rights of the laborer and to increase his intelligence passed thirty honorable years as a member of the United States judi is one of the noblest duties of statesmen. ciary in Massachusetts, adding to his renown as a Senator and his In speaking of the dignity of manual labor, Dr. Channing has most famo a-s a lawyer the high a.nd enviable title of a learned and up eloquently said: right judge. .His only disqualification to be presented as a contribu It is not merely the grarnd instrument by which the earth is overspread with tion from Maine to the National Gallery is the fact that in the full fruitfulness and btlauty and the ocean subdued and matter wrought into innnmer able forms for comfort or ornament. It has a far higher function, which is to give possession of his great mental faculties he still survives, by reason force to the will, efficiency, courage, capacity of endur1Ulce, and persevering devo of strength, with more than fourscore years crowning his honored tion to far-roaching plans. Ease, rest, owes ita deliciousness to toil, and no toil is and venerable head. so bnr
'Of his clearest and most forcible style, and will take rank, I venture people of Maine" they could, in their own language, have" a snug to affirm! witL. the best state papers in the English tongue. At home little federal State for the rest of their lives." But even this assur .a. comparison is not nnfreqnently made between Mr. Evans and Mr. ance, it is worthy of remark, proved fallacious, for almost immedi Fesse-nden, though it is difficult to institute one that is fair. Mr. ately after Maine became a State the party in ::i\Iassachnsetts that :Evans would have been the leader of the Senate with Clay, Webster, had treated her unjustly was utterly overthrown, and the offensive and Calhoun out of it. Mr. Fessenden's prominence would not have and unpatriotic resolutions in which they had expressed their views been so marked had the illustrious trio been his contemporaries. in regard to the war were erased from their own legislative journals. In full view of the eminent public reputation of these great Sena Through all these tryin~ and troublous scenes in which it was nec tors, and also of the fame of the Colonial and Revolutionary heroes so essary to control the public sentiment of two peoples, it is difficult to fittingly referred to by my colleague, Maine has indicated by a gen state, it is quite impossible to overstate, the sagacity, the ability, the eral unanimity of public opinion, expressed throu~h her Legislature, address, the force, in one word, the leadership, of William King. that William King is her choice for the distingmshed honor of her Maine followed him with implicit faith and Massa.chnsetts came first representative in the National Gallery. She has chosen him finally to dread him after she had long hated him. Influencing the because .first of all men he was influential in erecting the District of two populations with equal skill, governing the one through love, Maine into a free and independent State. The connection of the the other through fear, he became finally the complete master of the District with Massachusetts had become exceedingly distasteful, I situation and attained the end for which he had labored for so many might say intolerable, to the majority of our people, and a sentiment years with patient .fidelity, with commanding ability, with consum amounting well-nigh to rancor and hatred could be satisfied with mate tact. nothing less than separation. This dislike, which was mutual and Massachusetts passed the act which resulted in separation in J nne, had been growing for years, was strongly inflamed by the war of 1819, a previous act passed for the same end in 1816 having from a 1812 and the resulting political differences. Massachusetts was deeply variety of causes proved abortive. The convention to frame the con hostile to the war and did all in her power to embarrass its prosecu stitution for the new State assembled in Portland, in October, 1Sl9. tion. Maine stood firmly by the administration of Mr. Madison in William King was the only man spoken of to presicle over its delib upholding the honor of the flag, and she contributed, I believe, a erations, and he was chosen without opposition, though a consider larger number of troops than any other equal population in the able number of his political opponents were members of the conven Union. The majority of her people regarded the attitude of Massa tion. chusetts toward the General Government during that struggle as His strong sense and practical wisdom guided the convention in its thoroughly unpatriotic, if not treasonable. Particip~ncy in the important labors and can be traced in every section and every line of Hartford convention or any sympathy with its proceedings or its aims the organic law under which a contented and happy people have lived was political death and well-nigh social ostracism to any man in and prospered for well nigh sixty years. I do not believe that any peo Maine. The contrary spirit prevailed in Massachusetts, and the ple on tho globe live under a wiser, juster, purer government than venerable William \Vidgery who represented a Maine district in Con the people of Maine. Lord Macaulay declared that nowhere in the gress and voted for the deciaration of war against Great Britain, was governments of the world were person and property more securely pro seriously threatened with mob violence as he passed through Massa t.ected by law than in the New England States, and I am sure that in chusetts on his way homeward. no one of the New England States are these blessings more fnily en Maine felt the pressure of the war keenly. A large portion of her joyed than in Maine. .Mindful of the great principles of English lib territory and full one-haJf of her long coast, inclndin~ some very con erty, and recalling the "nulli vendemus, 1tttlli negabimus aut di.fferimus siderable towns, were held and occupied by the Bntish. A bloody 1·eotum altt justitiant" of the Great Charter, the framers of Maine's con naval battle was fought within gun-shot of her shores, in which the stitution inserted its most felicitous translation as the very basis of De Witt Clinton died the idol of New York, and all his grand ent State borne testimony that these feelings and these sentiments achievements of statesmanship were in the domain of State devel 'Yere not the sentiments of that State. Her distinguished liltatesman opment. It is true that he entered the Senate of the United States, but in the national negotiations in which the State of Maine had deep its service was so unattractive and its field of effort and labor so interest has shown with what a liberal and generous and statesman restricted that he resigned it for the mayoralty of the chief city of like spirit she can consider questions vital to the interests of M:tine,. his State. Thoma-s McKean, of Pennsylvania, distinguished for his and not remember that anybody in these States felt ill toward distin partieipation in the revolutionary struggle, never held office under guished men in Maine. The brightest and the most shining and the the Federal Government, but is remembered with pride by every son most brilliant and able men of the colony of Maine were selected for of Pennsylvania for the eminent judicial and executive career with high judicial positions in Massachusetts and for positions of honor in which he honored and blessed the State. The elder Chittenden left other stations that were the gift of the State. And, sir, without de a name that is a household word in every hamlet of Vermont, and siring to mar the beauty and the proprieties of such an occasion as his fame rests upon his administration of the State government dnr this, I feel tllat it is my duty to protest in the name of the State I ing a longer series of consecutive terms than ever fell to the lot of represent here against the impression that what has been said in ref any other man in America. erence to her this day is the true history of her connection, her rela In this list of great men, great from devoted service to their tions with, and her treatment of the colony of Maine or the distin States, William King is fitted to rank with the greatest. .And it is guished men in that colony who wrought out in the end her inde in this spirit that Maine offers his statue to the National Gallery. In pendence as a State. the rotunda of her own capitol she cherishes a faithful portrait of Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, I have hesitated upon the question him, painted by a contemporary artist of rare merit. No one could whether the requirements of good taste would be best satisfied by pass it by without being arrested by the striking features, the intel remaining silent or by speaking at this time. I certainly agree with lectual s~ength, the energetic expression, which rendered him as the eulogies which the Senators from the State of Maine have ut marked for manly beauty as for elevated character. The same char tered in regard to the distinguished public character whose statue acteristics have been reproduced in marble with admirable skill by she has placed in the old Hall of the Honse of Repre -entatives. If one who, if the dead could speak, would have been chosen by Mr. other evidence were wanting, if public familiarity with the name of King for the task: a sculptor born in his own State, developed orig Governor King were not found, if his name were absent from the inally by laborious self-culture under adverse circumstances, and ad pages of history, from the collection Qf biographers, from the llearts vanced and refined in his great art by years of patient study amid of the people, the certificate of that honored f:!tate is enough to sat the best models of all the ages and under the best of living maate:rs. isfy us of his title to national regard. I can conceive of no com The statue now presented by Itlaine to the National Gallery will munity whose respect is a greater patent of true nobility than that stand with those representing men of wider fame, with those of men which the Senators of .Maine represent and whose voice they have more noted for eloquence, more marked for genius, more renowned uttered here; a State containing a population of the purest s~on for heroic achievements; who were employed in larger fields of labor; blood on earth, with scarcely an ignorant man within its borders, who had grander opportunities to acquire distinction; but the entire forming its institutions and assuming its equal place among the Gallery, as it now is or as it is to be, will perpetuate the memory of States of the Union when the doctrines and principles of civil hb no man entitled to outrank William King in the virtues that befit a erty and public order were understood better than they have ever patriot or in the wisdom that constitutes a statesman. been understood before or since. If that people be not honorable The VICE-PRESIDENT. Will the Senate agree to the resolutions and respectable and judicious, then there are no such qualities known offered by the Senator from Maine, [Mr. HAMLIN¥] to human nature on the face of the earth; and if anywhere there Mr. D.A. WES. Mr. President, before the Senate passes the resolu be a heart to which the relations between the people of Maine and tions it is possible that some words from Massachusetts may be par the people of Massa~hnsetts suggest envy, hatred, malice, and un doned. I know that it is an intrusion to undertake to ask the atten charitableness, that heart does not beat in a Massachusetts bosom. tion of the Senate outside of the arrangements of the Senators from Mr. President, the State of Massachnsetts does not desire to wipe Maine upon this interesting occasion ; but I do feel that it is not only out her history from the annals of the .American people or to screen proper but that it is my duty, poorly as I may be able to discharge any portion of it from the judgment or knowledge of mankin'd. Like that duty, to express in the name of Ma-ssachusetts my great regret other ~enerous and heroic natures, great in virtue, great in courage, that the eminent virtues and distinguished character of the first great rn the largest benefactions to human kind, she is great enough governor of Maine could not have been spread upon the records of to have her faults and her failings known and to acknowledge them. the Senate and the evidences of that character and the estimate in It is true that there are some things in the utterances of some of her which he was held by all who knew him, gathered as well from the leaders during the war of 1812 which she regrets to-day, and which records of Massachusetts as from those of Maine, presented here, should be regrett-ed. What States in the Union would not like to without attempting to rake open the embers of an already expired wipe out something of their history f When the Senator from Maine and buried political animosity that Massa~husetts as well as Maine [Mr. BLAINE] tried to provoke a smile on some faces within the sound regr~s and that Massachusetts has done quite as much as Maine to of his voice at his description of the errors of Massachusetts of that obliterate. I would not abate one jot of all that has been said by day he relied on the ieeling which hated her, not for that, but for the Senators from Maine in respect to the distinguished first governor what she has of late done for human liberty, to obtain a response. of that State, once a citizen of my own State; but I regret that to Massachusetts committed that fault under a great provocation. Her day there can be found in Maine anyone who cannot read the history people had insisted through the whole a-dministrations of John .Adams of the times in which he performed so prominent a part except and Thomas J etferson that a navy should be built up in order that the through the prejudices and the bitterness and the injustice of the .American people might protect their commerce and cope with Eng party animosities that distinguished those days but have long since lancl on the sea, and the Government had turned a deaf ear to that passed away. request ~nd had answered that a few gunboats were all that the flag I do not wish to controvert the isolated facts and the quotations of the United States ought to cover. The initial measure of that gathered here and there by my distinguished friend [Mr. BLAINE) war was not a brave blow at the enemy; it was a simple embargo on from the records of Massachusetts; but there could have been found commerce by which her people were then getting their livelihood, among a richer and a better and a more abundant material upon the her sailors, her fi~hermen. records of the history of the connection between Maine and Massa These things excited deep public feeling, drove it to irritation, to chusetts evidences of the honorable feeling which pervaded both madness, and to ruost unjustitiable and lamentable measures. It is States when they separated, and which it seems to me it would have true, and I concede it. Hot the people of Massachusetts ·contributed been much more pleasant and a~eeable to have produced here than to that war on the sea and on the land a record of heroism which I to have culled out the little of bitterness and injustice that animated am willing t-o place by the side not as superior but as equal to that some of the politicians on both sides. There always have been in of any other State in the family. Why f Where was it that the peo all parties and in -the history of all States-! had hoped that they ple of Maine, where was It that the honored and illustrious person had passed away-a.ad there were in Massachusetts and Maine at whose statue she has placed in yonder hall drew lessons of civil that time men so intense in their party feelings as to do great inj ns liberty t They learned them in the school of Massachusetts. If she tice to those who differed with them; but Massachusetts had hoped resisted wrong or injustice at the hands of Massachusetts it was the that race had passed away ; and I rise now only to express my regret Massachusetts lesson which she was putting in pra~tice. that anything has been contributed upon such an occasion as this to Her father's blood before her fathers' face their continuance. Boiled up and proved her truly of his race. Sir, Massachusetts does not now entertain and Massachusetts as a Mr. President, the very sea fight which the Senator from Maine so whole never entertained any of the feelings of bitterness toward her eloquently described, which he says was fought off the shores of daughter, Maine, that a few of_her men entertained in the days when Maine, was fought by a crew of volunteers raised on the instant in she was struggling for an independent existence as a State; and the city of Boston. the very circumstance and incident that the Senator from Maine has Mr. BLAINE, (in his seat.) No, sir, Portland. recorded as testimony of the violence of the men whose sayings are Mr. HOAR. .And the men who went into that sea tight-I challenge perpetuated now half a century after they had been forgotten in the Senator to a comparison of history-ill-disciplined, ill-drilled, to Massachusetts carried them down in the State itself before public meet the menaces of the haughty British commander, sailed out from opinion. They did not speak the voice of the generous and high the shores of 1\lasMachusetts. toned body of the people of Massachusetts, and Massachusetts should Mr. President, it is said that Governor William King rendered some not to-day be made responsible for any of those sayings. Massachu service in resisting and terminating the rule of the old Puritan spirit setts has toward Maine many a time since she has stood an independ- of religions intolerance. That spirit in its worst days never resulted 1878~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 459 in such an exhibition as has been witnessed on the floor of the Sen distinguished themselves in the war than almost any other New Eng ate to-day. The old doctrine of imputed righteousness and imputed land State. He knows that for what Massachusetts expended in that iniquity, which visited upon the children and the grand-children the war, till within the last few years, the United States bas been her sins of the parents, the Puritans never reversed in its operation and debtor, although that last sum bad been audited and declared doe vililited upon the grand-parents the sin of the children. I regret that under a democratic administration more than forty years ago ; and the Senator from Maine should have been so disturbed by some recent he knows that when it came to be paid by the United States t() historic judgments of the people of Massachus~tts that he should Massachusetts, within the time of his service and mine in Congress, require their ancestors not only to bear the burden of their own sins Massachusetts generously turned over a portion of it to the State of but those of their descendants. Like 1Eneas in the 1Eneid, Maine. I allude to money to reimburse those expenses which Massa chusetts had incurred in the war of 1812 and which were never paid Attollem humeTo jamamqu..e et jata nepotum. back to her by the United States till within the time be and I have. But, Mr. President, I take leave of the subject. · served in Congress. And he knows, sir, that Maine is to-day enjoy Mr. BLAnn~. Mr. President, I do not understand either of the ing rich internal improvements that she could not have built but Senat.ors from Massachusetts to dispute the exact and literal truth of that Massachusetts gave over to her that which belonged to Massa the statements I felt called upon to make in reciting briefly the chusetts for the expenses which she incurred in that very war of history of Governor King. 1812. Massachusetts wa-s not in favor of that war; Massachusetts Mr. DAWES. I stated that I did. was opposed to it. Her position then she is not ashamed of and shEt Mr. BLAINE. I thought t.hat the Senator said that be did not does not undertake to belie history. But, air, with exceptions here want them now revived. and there, like every other State in this Union under like circum Mr. DA. WES. I stated that doubtless the Senator from Maine stances, she was true to the Union, and her gallant soldiers and sail could garner and pick out or gather out from the history of the rela ors laid down their lives in its €lefense. tions between MM&achusetts and Maine isolated instances and iso The Senator from Maine, riding over her railroads rea-ching from lated extracts, such as he seemed to have so much more a taste for one end ~f her State to the other, built by the money of Massachu than that which so abounded in all their history of a generous and setts, which the United States alto~ethertoo late paid to her, is the last high-toned fellowshio. man to accuse Ma-ssachusetts of naving done nothing in the war of Mr. BLAINE. Then I have merely to say, Mr. President, that 1812. But, sir, it was not the war of 1812 that troubled the Senator every statement, every quotation, every fact, every incident in rela from Maine in delivering his eulogy upon William King; that was tion to Governor King which I stated is upon Massachusetts au not it. There was another trouble, and it was a trouble which tbEt thority, and to have given anything like a sketch of Governor King's Senator from Maine ought to have forgotten. It wa-s the feeling be life without giving his conflict with Massachusetts touching the sep tween distinguished men in Maine and distinguished men in Massa aration of Maine and her erection into an independent State would chusetts growing out of the discussion for years of the question of have been likewritingthe lifeof Abraham Lincoln without mention separation that bred ill-nature and injustice and intemperate speech; ing the great rebellion which as President of the United States he and it wa.s the last thing that Massachusetts expected when the Sen was so largely instrumental in suppressing. ators from Maine were to pr~sent the statue of her first governor,. I do not know that I desire to have the least controversy upon a who, when he was a part of Massachusetts, was honored and esteemed point of this kind, upon an occaRion such as ihis ; but I thought it quite a-s much by her people as by those of Maine-it was the. last came with rather ill grace from the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. thing that Massachusetts t~xpected on such an occasion as that th& HoAR] to taunt me with trying to ingratiate myself with a certain burden of the presentation on the part of the Senator from Maine class of Senators, when he bas himself been the great apostle of modern [Mr. BLAINE] should be the raking up of all that intemperate speech; reconciliation, hankering for an embrace, representing the idea of a and quite as mnch will MaBsachusetts be surprised and will Maine be certain political power elsewhere that every possible thing should be surprised that he attempts now to justify it by holding up the course done to solicit favor in that direction. I bave not myself been classed of Massachusetts in the last war with Great Britain. William King exactly in that line, and I do not think that I am the one who would did not speak very loudly when a member of the Massachusetts Legis step very far forward to create smiles on their faces. lature, and a public man in Massachusetts-not nearly as loudly as the One other thing. The gentleman says that Massachusetts acted in Senator from Maine does at this moment-in any voice he ever raised th') instance that I have referred to under great provocation. Under against the prevailing sentiment of Massachuset!s during that war. what greater than Maine T What single interest of Massachusetts William King was a noble man, an ardent lover of the colony of felt oppression in the war of 1812 that Maine did not feel in as great Maine, identified with the idea of her separation from Massachusetts. a degree f They were precisely in the same situation and under the and erection into an independent State, and there was quite enough same circumstances. Maine did not make an unpatriotic record. If 1n the noble character of that great statesman of Maine to have just Massachusetts made it, it is not the fault of the historian or the ified the Senator from Maine in presenting this statue on this occasion speaker who recalls it. without any injustice to Massachusetts. Mr. DA. WES. Will the Senator tell us when and where Massachu Mr. BLAINE. Mr. President, I do not want this discussion to setts as a State ever made an unpatriotic record either in the war of drivel off into the ludicrous or the funny, but I am afraid it will g() 1812 or in the older war of the Revolution, or in any war which has there if the Senator from Massachmetts [Mr. DAWES] bas an oppor followed it f There have been individuals in Massachusetts, so there tunity to state some other bets. He says that Maine is indebted to have been in Maine, who have not been patriots; but if Massachu the State of Ma-ssachusetts for a generous contribution of Massachu setts ever made an unpatriotic record, the Senator from Maine when setts' share of the war expenses of 1812 in building our railroads. he charges it should tell us when and where. Now, the Senator from Massachusetts-! will give him time tore Mr. BLAINE. I will tell you. I will tell you now and here. Ma-s flect, if he wants to qualify that statement. Does the Senator from sachusetts refused to pass and tabled a resolution thanking one of Massachusetts staud to itT [Mr. DAWES nodded assent.] What is her own naval officers for a victory because it was gained in an un the history of tbatY He says that Massachusetts contributed a very just war. She refused to thank the admirable and ga1lant commander laru:e number of troops. Whether the exact muster-roll will bear of the Hornet for capturing the British man-of-war the Peacock. me-out,! do not know; but they always complained down in the dis That stands on your own legislative journals, if you want the record. trict of Maine that in the articles of separation Massachusetts re I can give you more and graver instances until the sun sets. And for served two-thirds of the war claims, whereas tho district of Maine· a Senator from Massachusetts to rise here and pretend that his State furnished two-thirds of the troops. When it came to a final little did not bristle all over with unpatriotic records going clear up to the thibble-little, I mean, in comparison with the whole sum, and little· verge of trea-son, and, in the opinion of some patriots of that day for two great States-of $628,000, that was due and that no man be stepping one point beyond it, is a degree of bravery which it would lieved would ever be collected from the General Government, certain have been well to show in the war and not reserved for this day. gentlemen acting in the interest of a railroad in Maine (of as much Mr. DAWES. Mr. President, the extent of the offense which the value to Massachusetts as to Maine) went off to Massachusetts in Senator from Maine can bring against Massachusetts in the war of advance of the bill being presented here arid got Massachusetts to 1812 was that she lacked the disposition publicly to return thanks-- consent conditionallv that if it could in any way be worried through Mr. BLAINE. No, stop right there one moment. Massachusetts or begged through Congress she would give up her share of it in aid refused to let her soldiers march beyond the boundaries of her own of the European and North American railway; and as soon as Maine State and refused pointedly to the General Government to respond to took hold and did get it through, I will not assert that there was a. a call for her troops. It was volunteers from Maine that marched motion introduced in the MaBsachusetta Legislature, but there was. beyond the boundaries of Massachusetts. [Applause.] The militia a good dea.l of agitation and talk in Massachusetts to see if they that were under the control of your governor refused to go and were could not repeal the act and get back the $400,000. [Laughter.] not permitted to go. There is another record for you I [Laughter That is the ~eneroua contribution which Massachusetts made. It and applause.] never was given. There never was one dollar given by Massachu Mr. DAWES. Mr. President, when the Senator from Maine is setts after she had it. She signed away a claim that she did not answered on his first proposition then be brings up another. believe was good; she signed away a claim that she did not believe Now, sir, the amount of this last charge is like that which he saw she could get ; she signed away a claim not in answer to any prayer fit, in commending the statue of his first governor to the esteem of from Maine, bnt in answer to the directors and the agents of the the public, to rake out of the embers of an expired partisanship. The European and North American Railway, and she said in effect, "If Senator from Maine, if he knows the history of Massachusetts, knows you can get this claim, why in God's name take it and do the best that her troops did go from the borders of the State ; he knows that you can with it;" and we got it through, and I say now that there .Massachusetts furnished, as my colleague has said, more men who was an agitation in Massachusetts-! do not say that it came up in: 460 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 22, the Legislature, but I am not sure that it clid not-to go back on that guished person in question to justify any allusion to Massachusetts promise. As soon as they found we had Not the money they looked otherwise than in the feeling which Massachusetts ever alludes to her around very wisely and as much a& said, ' If we had known that, we daughter, and therefore it was that I expreased most sincere surprise neverwouJd have passed thalivotein the world; never!" [Laughter.] at the tone and temper and character Qf the address delivered to-day, That isthegreatgenerositythatMassachusettsshowedtowardMaine! notwithstanding the Senator had told me that he should make some Then I believe the other great deed of lj.berality was that magnifi allusion to Massachusetts. · -cent bit of diplomacy in 1842, the only thing with which the name The VICE-PRESIDENT. Will the Senate agree to the resolu- of Mr. Webster is associated up to that date that I should except to. tions? Why, if there is anything notorious in history, if the Senator from The resolutions were agreed to unanimously. Massachnsetts knows anything at all about the affair of which he Mr. SARGENT. I move that the Senate adjourn. speaks, if either of the Senators know anything about the relations Mr. DAVIS, of Illinois. I think we had better go into executive of Massachusetts and Maine in that matter, they must know that session so 2.s to get through with the business we had up yesterday. Maine was regarded as the victim of the Ashburton treaty of 1842. The VICE-PRESIDENT. The motionofthe Senator from Califor- We were compelled by a moral force that was totally irresistible, we nia is not debatable and has the preference. were compelled for the paltry sum of $150,000 to give up an area of Mr. MATTHEWS. I hope the Senate will not adjourn. valuable territory nearly as large as the entire State of Massachu The VICE-PRESIDENT. The motion is to adjourn. setts. We could not resist it; and I say here and repeat it that if The motion was not agreed to. there be any salient fact in the Ashburton treaty of 1842 it is that Mr. DAVIS, of Illinois. I move that the Senate proceed to the con this country did not want war with Great Britain. She could not sideration of executive business. afford it. Great Britain was at that time, if she is not now, the most The motion was agreed to ; and the Senate proceeded to the con powerful nation on the globe. We were very far then from being as sideration of executive business. After fifty-two minutes spent in powerful as we are to-day ; and I say to the Senator from Massachu executive session the doors were reopened, and (a~our o'clock and setts, as I say to the whole country, that if the Ashburton treaty thirty-five minutes p.m.) the Senate adjourned. · were to be tried over again it could never go through the Senate of the United States; never. It could never be assented to by the State of Maine except under a compulsion which was moral at that time, and which would have to be...physical if tried a~ain. So that we owe to Massachusetts at that day a loss of our terntory and a reduction of our prestige and power which nothing ever since has made up to us HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. in any form except that most generous conditional gift of an almost TUESDAY, January 22, 1878. hopeless claim which a Maine rai1road might have if we could beg it through Congress I [Laughter.] The House met at twelve o'clock m., and was called to order by Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, the Senator from Maine saw fit to al Mr. CLYMER as Speaker pro temp01·e, who caused the following letter lude to me as a person prepared to do every possible thing, to use his from the Speaker to be read: HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES, phrase, to bring about a reconciliation between two sections of this Washington, D. 0., January 22, 1878. country that have heretofore been in conflict. The Senator does me DEAR Srn : Owing to unavoidable absence, I request that you call the House to great injustice. There are a great many things I never have proposed order and preside to-day. to do even for that most desirable consummation. I never have pro · SAMUEL J. RANDALL. posed anywhere to abandon or to forego the exercise of a single con 'Ron. HIEsTER CLnmn, stitutional authority for the protection of any man's rights under the House of Representatives. Constitution of this country. It is true that after eight years of the The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the absence of objection1 the re administration of President Grant, during most of which one party quest of the Speaker will be complied with. had had a two-thirds majority in each branch of Congress, after tho Prayer was then offered by the Chaplain, Rev. W. P. HARRISO:N. Ku Klux legislation intended to protect the homestead of the poor The Journal of yesterday was read and approved. had made its way through the House of RepresentativeEr against the plottings from the Speaker's chair- • INVESTIGATION OF PECUNIARY DEPRESSION. Mr. BLAINE. What date does the Senator refer to 'I :Mr. TURNER. I ask unanimous consent to present (not for pres Mr. HOAR. I refer to the Ku Klux legislation of the year 1871, ent consicleration) a resolution for the appointment of a special com when the Senate held us against a dozen resolutions of adjournment, mittee to inquire into and report upon the causes of the present cruel ~nd finally a message from President Grant compelled the passage of pecuniary depression and what constitutional measures consistent with the Ku Klux legi~:~lation. public faith can be taken to give relief to the people and to restore Mr. BLAINE. I have no very distinct recollection exqept that the prosperity, and for other purposes. I ask that the resolution be spread Senator from Massachusetts, then a Representative in the Honse, upon the record and lie over for future considern.tion. kept in very close and confidential intercourse with me in every step Several MEMBERS. Let the resolution be read. of the whole proceedings in regard to it, I remember. The Clerk read as follows: :Mr. HOAR. Not in any step of that kind, and my votes and Wherea-s a crnol pecun.iary pressure affi.icts the country-ruin, bankruptcy, and speeches show the position that I took. I have not thought it expe distress pervade the land, and threaten to become almost universal unless' some thing is done to revive our l:mguiahincr industries, unlock the paralysis of hard dient when all the States but one or two had passed from the con times, furnish employment to honest labor, and, by economy aud retrenchment, trol of the republican party to continue mere empty and impotent relieve the people from tho burdens of excessive taxation; and menace in the interest of any personal ambition or candidacies for Whereas the national faith and credit can only be preserved by a reswration of high {)ffice. the prosperity of the great masses of tho people, and a policy wllich impoverishes tho masses for the benefit of a few must of necessity sooner or later end iu repudi Mr. President, there is another possible thing which I should not ation at the ballot-box or in revolution, and the true method of preserving the be ready to do to· accomplish any political end, however desirable, national faith and preventing repudiation will be found in a wise system of legis and that is to have made such a speech, appealing to such sentiments lation directed to tile development of the material resources of the country to tur and to such passions as the Senator from Maine took occasion to nishing employment to the starving millions and widening the base of taxation and swelling the aggregate wealth of the country to an extent that will enable the make upon this floor in presenting the statue of its honored citizen. people to pay the national debt and maintain the nation's honor without. imposing He knew that tlie applause and the smiles and the acquiescence which ·upon them insufferable burdens of taxation; and he was to obtain from his attack on Massachusetts he was to get from Whereas it is suggested and believed that labor can be furnished with emplo:y ment, prosperity restored, the public peace and faith preserved, and the public men who dislike her, not in consequence of any want of patl.'iotism credit strengthened by a liberal issue of demand Treasury notes called greenbacks, in the war of 1812, but in consequence of her recent loyalty and serv receivable for all dues to State, local, and Federal governments and in discharge of ice to the freedom of the human race on the one side and the honest all public aild private contracts, except interest on Federal bonds, and the disburse and pure administration of this Government on the other. Now, sir, ment of the same in the completion of necessary public buildings and improvements already undertaken or indispensably needed, and in the de>elopment and improve for the sake of bringing about any political consummation I should ment of our rivers and their tributaries, and our harbors, and thoreby increaae not feel prepared to do a thing like that. competition and reduce the cost of internal transportation, so that we can ship all Th!3 VICE-PRESIDENT. '.fhe question is, will the Senate agree of our surplus products to every portion of the world where-they are needed; and to the resolutions! Whereas it is the highest duty and should be the patriotic p1easlll'e of the rep resentatives of the people to initiate such measures consistent with tbe Uonstitu Mr. BLAINE. One word simply. The senior Senator from Massa tion and public honor as will restore prosperity and avert individual and national chusetts [ lli. DAWES] spo~ of the great surprise he felt at my remarks. banlnuptcy; and I took occasion yesterday to notify both Senators that in the presen Whereas it is alleged that the present pecuniary distress and rnin has been tation of Go>ernor King's statue to-day I should feel compelled to brought upon the coun?"_y by a syl:ltem of unwise and unjust class legislation, by a system of taxation whicn subjeots consumers to heavy burdens without replenish narrate those portions of his history which brought him in conflict ing the Federal Treasury, and which oppresses one section for tho benefit of an with Massacbusetts, and to speak my mind plainly in regard thereto. otlier, exempts oue class of the community and doubles the burdens of others ;. I did not desire to take the gentlemen in the least by surprise, and I and gave them full notice. Whereas it is suggested that our monopolistic system of patents drains from the people every day several hundred thonsand dollar~:~ over aud above a fair compen Mr. DAWES. It is due to the Senator from Maine to say that he sation ro the patentees for their time and talents expended upon inventions de served notice of some allusion to Massachusetts on both her Senators; signed for the benefit of mankind; and but we did not dream that the Senator from Maine was capable on an Whereas it is believed that the vast patronage of the Chief Executive of the occasion like this of falling into the line of remark which he did pur United States is dangerons to the liberties of the people, corrupting in ita infl.u. ences, has been and can be used in the perpetuation of partr power at the expense sue. We sought the record of Massachusetts most diligently to find of tho public welfare, and has been unnecessarily extended for the pnrpose of main.· what there was possible in the treatment of Maine or of the distin- tainin.l!' political ascendancy; and 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 461 Whereas it is suggested that much of the extravagance of the Government and Mr. HALE. All the questions relating to the subject-matter will the burdens of taxation arise from the fact that the machinery of tho Federal Gov come up of course in any tariff which may be reported. If it comes ernment has become s<1'Vastand extendedan,d its accounts of receipts and disburse ments have swollen to such majplitnde as to defy investi~ation, and tile head.s of up now it· will undoubtedly le::ul to debate. the various Departments have tnereby become practically irresponsible to the peo- Mr. TUCKER. If the gentleman will permit me to explain the ple and their representatives: Therefore, . resolution he will £ee that it will not. 1. Resolved, That a. committee consisting of eleven members of the House of Rep resentatives be appointe(l by the Speaker, the duty of which shall be to examine Mr. HALE. Is this a unanimous report from the Committee of into and report upon what constitutional measures, consist.ent with the public Ways and Means f · faith, can be adopted to relieve the distressing pecuniary pressure which is para l\lr. TUCKER. It is unanimous with one exception, and that gen lyzing tho energies of the countryi· to lighten the burdens of taxation; to furnish tleman has no objection to its consideration aml passage after the employment to idle labor; to deve op the material resources of the country by a system which will not involve additional taxation and thereby increase the base of explanation I am going to make. taxable property, and enable the people to discharge the Federal debt and presen·o 1\ir. HALE. I know enough about the Committee of Wa.ys and the national faith without subjecting them to insufferable burdens, and thereby Means to know that a single member can make a great deal of fuss avert the danger, disgrace, and demoralization of repudiation or its agitation. about any one matter. Second. That said committee shall have power to inquire into and report upon all matters looking to a general system of retrenchment and reform, to the re ~-TUCKER. I will say this is not such a case, and that member d action of unnecessary officials, in any department of the Government, and to the will not make any fuss. restoration of the prosperity of the country. Mr. HALE. May be it is the gentleman himselff [Laughter.] Third. Said committee is authorized to inquire into the propriety of curtailing, 1\fr. TUCKER. No, I am not opposed to the resolution. by constitutional amendment and law, the vast1 corrupting, and dangerous patron age of the executive department, which is calculated to induce many to prefer Mr. HALE. I think it should be referred to the Committee of the the success of that party which will reward them with place to the success of tho Whole. There the gentleman will have ample opportunity to ex principles and measures which will promote the public good, and which is fast plain. dissolving all connectioDf! between private convictions and political conduct. .Mr. TUCKER. I desire to have the resolution considered now. Fourth. That said committee shall inquire into and report upon the propriety and constitutional power of Congress ~ control the charges for the use of patents The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection being made, the resolution heretofore grantei. ':!nd upon the propriety of a. general law retaining the power will be referred to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the to re~late and control the charges for the use of patent-rights hereafter granted. Union. Fifth. Said committee is authorized and directed to inquire into the :propriety of Mr. advancing to somo new method of collecting and disbursing the public revenues HALE. I do not object to 1ho gentleman's making an expla. and keeping the accounts of the Federal Government, by which its vast machinery nation of the joint resolution. and accounts can be brought within the limits of human energy and subjected to Mr. TUCKER. If the gentleman will allow me to explain a single that strict im·esti~ration and accountability which are the best and only efficient moment I think I will satisfy him. guarantees of purity and economy, and from which they now have a practical im munity.. Mr. HALE: Reserving my objection, of course t Sixth. Said committee shall have power to bear evidence touching the best The SPEAKER p1·o tentpore. The gentleman from Virginia. asks methods of accomplishinrr the purposes and objects commit-ted to them, and are unanimous consent to make an explanation, and, there being no ob authorized to employ a cferk, at the usual rate of co~nsation allowed to clerks jection, the gentleman will proceed. of other committees of this Honse, to be paid out of the con~gent fund thereof. Seventh. Said committee shall have power to report by bill, omnibus bill, con Mr. TUCKER. Under the law as it now exists the parties who stitutional amen~ment, or other~se, in -~eir discr«;tion; and when they reP.?t:t, put their possible this whole question of reduction. But a majority of the com on the Post-Office and Post-Roads in regard to the pay of letber mittee feeling, if I may say so, that the question could not be settled carriers, together with some amendments, and I ask that it may be immediately t.he committee, not yet being in a position to settle considered in the Honse as in Committee of too Whole on Tuesday a question of so much gravity, agreed that this relief should be re next. ported; and I think if the question cannot be decided just now there Mr. BLOUNT. I object. can be no objection to granting this reli,ef. It relieves those distillers ORDER OF BUSINESS. who are in the habit of carrying their whiskies a long time in bond, and whose business requires them to do so, and who now can carry Mr. FOSTER. I call for tho regular order. them and do carry them a year without paying the tax. The period The SPEAKER pro t~p01·e. The regular order being called for, will expire, and for some of them it has now expired; for others it the morning hour will now begin at four minutes before one o'clock. will expire in February, March, April, and successive months. It was During this morning hour reports of a public nature are in order, and deemed proper by the committee to relieve those parties by reporting the call re~ts with the Committee on Naval Affairs. this resolution, which will allow them to hold their whiskies l~mger REAR-ADMIRAL JOHN J. ALMY. in bond. So far as high wines are concerned, distilled spirits not man :Mr. WILLIS, of New York, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, ufactured for table use, which are usually withdrawn shortly after, reported back, wit\1. a favorable recommendation, the joint resolution if not immediately after production, it affords no relief. This agita (H. R. No. 49) authorizing Rea.r-AdmiralJohnJ. Almy, United States tion will continue under the present state of the law to injure the Navy, to accept a decoration from the King of the Hawaiian Islands. distillers. The members of the committee, I think I may say, feel The joint resolution, which was rea{}, authorizes Rear-Admiral John that that question ought to be settled by the House at a very early J. Almy, United States Navy, to accept a decoration of the order of period. Kamehameha I, which has been tendered him by the King of the M1·. TUCKER. I am very much obliged to my friend from illinois Hawaiian Islands as an evidence of his appreciation of that officer. who has a right to speak of any objections made to the resolution in The question was uponorderingthe jointresolution to be engrossed the committee. I will say further to the Honse that, in my judg aud read a third time; and being taken, upon a division t.here were ment, so far from this resolution being injurious to the revenue, it ayes 80, noes 50. will be advantageous to the revenue, because unless it is passed dis Before the result of the vote was announced, tillers will be compelled to pay heir tax on distilled whisky that Mr. BUCKNER called for the yeas and nays. ma:v be withdrawn from time to time and from month to month Mr. OLIVER. Is there a report accompanying this joint resolution 'I during this period, and will be ur~able, in consequence of paying so The SPEAKER pro temp&re. There is not. heavy a tax, to use their capital in distilling new whisky. Distille Mr. SPRINGER. I would like to have the gentleman reporting ries are therefore thrown out of operation by reason of the agitation this joint resolution to explain what kind of an order this is, so that on this question. If this joint resolution is passed then the distillers we may be able to vote intelligently on this joint resolution. will not have to use their capital for the purpose of paying the tax The question was taken upon ordering the yeas and nays ; and due the Government, and will be able to use it in distilling more upon a division there were-ayes 33, noes 107. whisky, which will increase the future revenues of the Government. So (one-fifth voting in the affirmative) the yel:l.Q and nays were or-. Mr. HALE. I have heard enough to confirm me in my opinion dcred. that this is so important a matter that it should be discussed in Com The question was taken; and there were-yeas 147, nays 101, not mittee of the Whole. I therefore insist upon my objection. voting 44 ; as follows : The SPEAKER p1·o tempore. Objection being made to its present YEAS-147. consideration, the joint resolution will be referred to the Committee Aldrich, Davis, Horaee Joyce, Ryan, of the Whole on the state of the Union. Bacon, Deering, Keifer, Sampson, Mr. TUCKER. I move that the House now go into Committee of Bagley, Denison, Keightley, Sapp, the Whole for the purpose of considering this joint resolution. Baker, William H. Dunnell, Ketcham, Schleicher, Ballon, Dwight, Kimmel, Sexton, Mr. HALE. Y.ou cannot do that until after the morning hour. Beebe, Eames, Landers, Shallenberger, 1\lr. TUCKER. Then I give notice that after the expiration of the Bisbee, Eickhoff, Lapham, Siunick.son, morning hour I will move to go into Committee of the Whole. Blackburn, Errett, Lathrop. Smalls, Blair, Evans, L Newton Loring. Smi~,A.Hen FORTIFICATION APPROPRIATION BILL. Bliss, Evans, James L. Luttrell, Starin, Blount, Evins, John H. Manning, Stephens,. Mr. HALE. I rise to make a privileged report from the Commit Boyd, Field, McCook, Stewart, tee on Appropriations. I report what is known as the regular annual Brewer, Forr., McGowan, Stone, Joseph C. fortification appropriation bill, and move that it be printed andre Bridges, Foster, McKinley, Stone, John W. Briggs, Franklin, Metcalfe, Strait, ferred to the Committee of the Whole on tho state of the Union, and Brogden, Freeman, Mitchell, Swaun, I give notice that on Thursday next I will move to proceed to its Browne, Gardner, Monroe, Thompson, consideration. Bundy, Garfield, Morse, Thornburgh, The bill (H. R. No. 2686) making appropriations for fortifications Burchard, Glover, Muldrow, Throckmorton, Burdick, Goode, Muller, 'l'iptA:>n, and other works of defense and for the armament thereof for the Cain, Hanna, Neal, Townsend, Amos fiscal year ending June 30,1879, andforotherpurposes, was received, Calkins, Harmer, Norcross, Town.,end, M. L read a first and second time, ordered to be printed, and referred to Camp, Harris, Benj. W. Oliver, Turner, the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Chittenden, Hart. Overton, Van Vorhes, Claflin, Hartridge, Page, Wait. Mr. GARFIELD. Simply to establish a good and careful habit, I Clark, RllBh Haskell, Patterson, G. W. Ward, will reserve all points of order on this bill. Clymer, Hayes, Peddie Warner, The SPEAKER JYrO tempore. All points of order will be reserved. Cole, Hazelton, Pollard, Watson, Cook, Hendee, Potter, Welch, QUARTERMASTER AND COMMISSARY CLAIMS. Covert, Herbert, Powers, White, Harry Mr. RIDDLE. I ask unanimous consent to submit for considera ( ·ox, Jacob D. Hooker, Price, White, Michael D. Cox, Samuel S. Hubbell, Ra.iney, Whitthorne, tion at this time the resolution which I send to the Clerk's desk. Crapo, Hunter, Reed, Williams, A. S. The Clerk read as follows : Cravens, HUIDphrey Rice, William W. Williams, Richarcl Resolved, That the Secretary of the Treasury be, and he is hereby, requested to Cummings, H.ungerfo~, Riddle, Willis, Benjamin A. transmit to the Speaker of the HoUBe of Representatives a report of all the claims Danford, James, Robinson, George D. Willits. allowed by the Quartermaster-General and. Commissary-General under the act of Davidson, Jones, Frank. Robinson, .Milton S. Congress approved July 4, 1864, and not heretofore reported, in accordance with NAYS-101. the second section of the act of Congress approved June 16, 1874. Aiken, Davis, Jo~eph J. Jones, James T. Ross, Mr. EDEN. Let the resolution be referred. The law provides that Atkins Dibrell, Kenna, Scales, this information shall be sent to Congress at the beginning of each Baker, John H. Dickey, Ki.llii1 ger, Shelley, Bell, Durham, Knapp, • inglet~n, session. Benedict, Eden, Knott, Slemons, The SPEAKER pro tempore. There being objection, the resolution Bicknell, Elam, Leonard, Smith, William E. is not before the House. Boone, Ellis, Ligon, Southard, Mr. RIDDLE. I ask that it be referred to the Committee of Bouck, Ewing, Lockwood, Sparks, Bragg, Felton, Lynde, Springer, Claims. Bright, Finley, Mackey, • Stenger, Mr. EDEN. I have no objection to that. Buclrner, Forney, Marsh, Townshend, R. W . There being no objection, the resolution was received and referred Cabell, Fuller, Martin, Tucker, to the Committee of Claims. Caldwell, John W. Garth, Mayham, Turney, Caldwell, W. P. Giddings, McKenzie, Vance, DELEGATE FROM INDIAN TERRITORY. Candler, Gunter, McMahon, Waddell, Cannon, Hamilton, :Mills, Walsh, Mr. THROCKMORTON from the Committee on Indian A:ffairs, re Carlisle, Hardenbergh, Money, Williams, James ported, as a substitute for House bill No. 979, a bill (H. R. No. 2687) to Chalmers, Harris, Henry R. Morgan, W ill.iruns, Jere N.. authorize the election of a Delegate to Congress from the Indian Ter Clark, Alvah A. Harris, John T. Patterson, T. M. Willis, AlbertS. ritory, and moved that the snbatitute be printed and recommitted to Clark of .Missouri, Harrison, Phillips, Wilson, Clarke of Kentucky, Hartzell, Pridemore, Wli, ht the Committee on Indian Affairs. Cobb, Hatcher, Randolph, Yeafes,' The motion waa agreed to. Collins, Henry, Rea, Young. PAY OF LETTER-CARRIERS. Clittendcn. Hewitt, Abram S. Reagan, Culberson, Hewitt, G. W. Rice, AmericUB V. Mr. WAD DELL. I ask consent to report a bill from the Committee Cutler, House, Robbins, 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 463 NOT VOTING--44. sider the joint resolution at that time the gentleman from Maine ob "Banks, Ellsworth, Jorgensen, Reilly, jected and moved that it be referred to the Committee of the Whole. Banning, Frye, Kelley, Roberts, Mr. TUCKER. Bot that motion was not put to the Honse. "Bayne, Gause, Lindsey, Robertson, Bland, Gibson, Maish, Sayler, Tha SPEAKER pro tempo're. The gentleman from Maine will state Brentano, Hale, . Morrison. Steele, what was his motion. · Butler, Henderson, O'Neill, · Veeder, Mr. HALE. '!'hat the bill be referred to the Committee of the Campbell, Henkle, Pacheco, Walker, Whole, ancl I suppose it is so journalized. Caswell, Hiscock, Phelps, Willi.ams, Andrew Conger, Hunton, Pound, Williams, C. G. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will read Rule 151. Darrall, Ittner, Pugh , Wood, The Clerk read as follows: Douglas, Jones, JohnS. Quinn, Wren. It shall be the duty of the Committee of Ways and Means to take into considera So the joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a third tion all reports of the Treasury Department, and such other propositions relative time. to raising revenue and providing ways and means for the support of the Govern· ment as shall b.:~ presented or sliall come in question and be referred to them 'ly During the roll-call the folJowing announcements were ma~e: the Honse, and to report their opinion tilereon by bill or otherwise, as to them Mr. DAVIS, of North C~olina. .My colleague, Mr. STEELE, is de shall seem expedient; and said committee shall have leave t<1 report for commit tained at home by sickness. ment at any time. 1\Ir. CRITTENDEN. My colleague, Mr. BLAND, is detained at home by sickness. The SPEAKER p1·o tempm·e. The gentleman from Virginia will see Mr. HUMPHREY. My colleague, Mr. PoUND, is detained from the that this rule only permits the Committee of Ways and Means tore House on account of sickness in his family. port at any time for commitment, and the question being raised The result of the vote was announced as above stated. whether this was a bill which should have its first consideration in The joint resolution was read the third time, and passed. the Committee of the Whole or not, and objection being made to its Mr. 'WILLIS, of New York, moved to reconsider the vote by which consideration, it was referred, as has been already stated, to the Com the joint resolution was passed; and also moved that the motion to mittee of the Whole. Mr. TUCKER. I supposed when I offered the joint resolution reconsider be laid on t!:le table. from the Committee of Ways and Means it was competent for me to The latter motion was agreed to. move that it be committed, and I did not understand it was the priv EXPEDITION TO THE ARCTIC SEAS. ilege of the gentleman from Maine to move the reference of a bill 1\Ir. WILLIS, of New York, also, from the Committee on Naval which I introduced. · Affairs, presented a report in writing, to accompany the bill (H. R. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Virginia desired No. 447) to authorize and equip an expedition to the arctic seas; to have the joint resolution considered at that time and objection which was ordered to be printed, and recommitted. was made, and besides be must recollect that absolutely under the rule CAPTORS OF THE RAl\1 ALBJJ:MA.RLE. objection being made the joint resolution must go for its first con sideration to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. Mr. WILLIS, of New York, aLso, from the same committee, presented 1\-Ir. BLACKBURN. I desire to make a point of order. I take it a report in writing, to accompany the bill (H. R. No. 1572) for the the rule just reported at the Clerk's desk simply provides that the relief of the captors of the ram Albemll"le; which was ordered to Committee of Ways and Means shall be only privileged to report at be printed, and recommitted. any time for the purpose of commitment; but when the Committee MRS. ELIZABETH GOLDSBOROUGH. of Ways -and Means is called in its regular order, as it is now called Mr. HANNA, from the same committee, reported back adversely by the Speaker, it certainly baa a right to report for other purposes the petition of Mrs. Elizabeth Goldsborough, widow of Rear-Admiral than commitment. That rule, 1\Ir. Speaker, does not apply to this Goldsborough, praying a pension of $100 per month; which wa-s laid case at all, in my judgment. That rule shows the Committee of on the taUle, and the accompanying report ordered to be printed. Ways and Means, coming within the scope of the duty imposed upon HOWARD D. POTIS. it by the rnles, has the right to report to the House at any time for commitment; but that does not preclude the Committee of Ways Mr. DANFORD, from the same committee, reported back a~versely and Means, when called in its regular order, from making report for the bill (H. R. No. 1311) for the relief of Howard D. Potts, assistant action. The Committee of Ways and Means is now called, and has engineer in the United States Navy ; which was laid on the table, and the right to make a report, not for commitment, but action of the the a~companying report ordered to be printed. House, and I submit to the recollection of the Speaker himself SPENCER F. BAIRD. whether, as he remembers it, any motion ever was put to the House Mr. MONROE, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, reported to send that joint resolution to the Committee of the Whole. It cer back, with a recommendation that it pass, the bill (H. R. No. UJS9) to tainly was not. authorize Spencer F. Baird, assistant secretary of the Smithsonian Mr. HALE. The course of proceeding was plain and clear. On Institution, to receive from the King of Sweden a diploma and medal, my suggestion that, under the rule, it should have its first considera consti toting him a member of the Norwegian Order of Saint Olaf, the tion in the Committee of the Whole, the matter was sent there. It same being a literary and scientific organization. is certainly not before the Honse at the present time. Whatever The bill wa-s read. It authorizes and empowers Spencer F. Baird, may have been or might have been the question, had the Committee assistant secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, to receive a diploma of Ways and Means waited and reported when called, that does not and medal, constituting him a member of the Norwegian Order of arise now. I believe even then, as it is a question affecting taxation, Saint Olaf, tendered him by the King of Sweden as a testimonial of connected with the subject of taxation-in reference to a certain .. distin!!Uished scientific service. matter embracedin the tax-bill-so that, even if reported now under Mr.MONROE. It bas not generalJy been the policy of the Com the call of that committee, the point of order would send it to the mittee on Foreign Affairs to encourage the receiving of decorations Committee of the Whole. But that does not arise, because the joint and medals by officers of the United States. But the committee, as resolution was already before the Committee of the Whole. It can I understand, were unanimously in favor of this bill, because in their not report it, and I presume has no desire to report it again, and, opinion Professor Baird is not an officer of the United States in any moreover, I do not believe the gentleman from Virginia would seek, such sense that there can be auy serious objection to permitting him upon a bill of this importance, when he can go into committee and to accept a diploma as member of a literary organization of Sweden have full and free discussion during the day, undoubtedly, I do not and Norway. believe he would seek to force such a measure, without such discuss The bill was ordered to be engro~ed for a third reading, and was ion as it should and will receive in the Committee of the Whole. The accordingly read the third time. gentleman's views can be fully heard there. The views of the com The bill was then passed, there being ayes 112, noes not counted. mittee will be heard, and if the bill is a good one, and no good ob Mr. MONROE moved to reconsider the vote by which the bill was jection made to it, it can easily be passed. If it needs perfecting, it passed; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid on the can be there perfected; but certainly, having gone there, even if he table. has the power-which I do not believe he ha-s-he should not have The latter motion was agreed to. it called back here and hurried through. Mr. TUCKER. I think it due to myself, Mr. Speaker, to say, after SPIRITS IN BOND. what the gentleman from Maine has said, that I have no purpose to The call of committees proceeded until the Committee of Ways and hurry any bill through the House without due consideration. I am Means wa-s calJed. opposed to all such legislation. I do desire to say, however, when I Mr. TUCKER. Mr. Speaker, I did not understand until a few mo reported the joint resolution from the Committee of Ways and Means ments ago that the joint resolution which I had the honor to report there was objection to its consideration at that time, and I diu not from the Committee of Ways and Means was referred to the Committee understand it to be the province of the gentleman from Maine to of the Whole. There was objection to such reference, and I supposed move its reference to the Committee of the Whole. that the measure would come up for action when the Committee of Mr. HALE. The gentleman will bear in mind that I did not make Ways and Means should be c~~ed. It is n<;>t a resolu~onRppropriating objection to its consideration, but that objection was made by the money from the Treasury; It IS only a measure which applies to the gentleman from Ohio [Mr. CUMMINGS] on my right. My objection liability of certain persons who have spirits in bond. was entirely on another ground. I did not raise the question of con 1\Ir. BURCHARD. But does it not change the tax t sideration. The SPEAKER P'I"O tempm·e. The Chair will state his recollection Mr. TUCKER. I consider that it was my right to report for com of the facts. To the request o! the ientleman from Virginia to con- mitment. • 464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. J~UARY 22, Mr. HALE. But if any one else besides the gentleman from Vir The previous question was seconded and the main question ordered; ginia had suggested that the resolution should be committed it must and under the opera.tion thereof the resolution was adopted. have taken the same course as if the gentleman reporting it had him- 1\Ir. EWING moved to reconsider the vote by which the resolution self made that motion. · was adopted; and also moved that the motion to reconsider be laid Mr. BURCHARD. I desire to make a suggestion as to the point on the table. of order. The latter motion was agreed to: The SPEAKER. The goutleman from Texas [:Mr. REAGAN] has lleen recognized on the point of order. ORDER OF BUSINESS. Mr. REAGAN. When I rose a few moments ago I only wished to Mr. SPRINGER. Has the morning hour expired f say what has been said by the gentleman from Maine, [Mr.II.AL:E,] The SPEAKER pro tempore. The morning hour has expired. and I do not know that it is necessary to repeat it. If there bad Mr. TUCKEH. and Mr. REAGAN rose. been no previous action on the resolution the gentleman from Vir The SPEAKER p1·o tempore. The gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. ginia might now report it under this call, but the resolution having TUCKER:] been reported and having gone to the Committee of the Whole it is Mr. REAGAN. I desire to call up the bill H. R. No. 2478, made a not competent at this stage in the morning hour to take it out of the special order for to-day after the morning hour. Committee of the Whole. The rnle relating to the morning hour is Mr. TUCKER. I believe I am recognized by the Chair. now operating, and the morning hour could not be used to take the The SPEAKER pro temp01·e. The gentleman from Virginia was bill out of Committee of the Whole. · · recognized by the Chair. Mr. BURCHARD. I desire to say to the gentleman from Virginia Mr. TUCKER. I move to reconsider the vote by which the joint that, concurring in the view taken by the gentleman from Texas, even resolution which I had the honor to report this morning from the if the gentleman from Virginia has the right now to report the bill, Committee of Ways and Means was committed to the Committee of I think it would lJe snbjecr; to the point of order under Rnles 110 and the Whole on the state of the Union. 111, which both require all bills relating to taxes or charges upon The SPEAKER p1·o tempore. The motion to reconsider will be en the people or that relate to the continuance of taxes to have their tered. first discussion in Committee of the Whole. Even, therefore, if the Mr. TUCKER. I desire to call up that motion for action now. • gentleman from Virginia could report the joint resolution now, it Mr. REAGA...~. I rise to a question of order. By the action of the wonld be subject to the point of order and nothing would be gained. House the bill H. R. No. 247d was assigned for a hearing this morn The SPEAKER J!rO temp01·e. The Chair will state the position of ing. the question. The gentleman from Virginia, under his right, re Mr. SAYLER. I sympathize entirely with my friend from Texas,. ported tho joint resolution from the Committeo of Ways and Means [Mr. REAGAN,] and I am entirely in favor of his bill, but the motion and asked unanimous consent for its present consideration. That not to reconsider is a motion of higher privilege than that of the gentle having been granted, it went under the rule to the Committee of the man from Texas; and the gentleman from Virginia not having yielded Whole on the state of the Union. That being so, it would appear the floor is entitled to insist on his motion. to the Chair that it is impossible now, the resolution having gone to Mr. REAGAN. I desire to make a point of order that the right to the Committee of the Whol~, for the gentleman from Virginia to enter a motion is one thi.¥g, and the right to have it acted upon is bring it before the House as a report from the Committee of Ways something entirely different. and Means. But there is a course which the gentleman from Vir Mr. TUCKER. I have not yielded the floor. I call up my motion ginia can pursue at the expiration of the morning hour that will to reconsider the vote by which the joint resolution was committed answer hh; purpose. to the Committee of the Whole. Mr. BLACKBURN. If I may be permitted I desire to say that the The SPEAKER. There is a special order in the House for to-day~ gentleman from Virginia differs from the Chair in this: be says be made under a suspension of the rules. The gemleman from Virginia never did make that report as a member of the Committee of Ways [Mr. TucKER] desires the House to proceed to the consideration of a and Means, under his right as given by the rule. He never made subject which is now in Committee of the Whole. 'l'he House has that report for commitment; but he came here asking unanimous the right even on a special order to determine the question of consid consent of the House to report the joint resolution for action. That eration. was objected to, and the resolution by reason of that objection was 1\h. REAGAN. The House has suspended the rules and made this never in possession of the House. It is assumed that the House sent bill a special order for to-day. it to the Committee of the Whole, but I make the point that it could Mr. TUCKER. I raise the question of consideration on the special not be sent to the Committee of the Whole when the House never order. had possession of it. The SPEA:KER. The rules of the Honse provi9-e that the Commit Mr. HALE. What does the Journal showf tee of Ways and Means shall have the right to report at any time for The SPEAKER pro ternpore. That the joint resolution has been commitment. If the Chair were to adopt the line indicated by the referred to the Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union. gentleman from Virginia, [Mr. TUCKER,] it might lead, if not to a Mr. TOWNSEND, of New York. And it is there. change, at least to an evasion of the mode of procedure authorized by The SPEAKER pro tempore. And the gentleman from Virginia the rules. Therefore the Chair suggests aa the better way to reach moved to go into Committee of the Whole. Reports are still in order the object which the gentleman from Virginia desires to accomplish, from the Committee of Ways and Means. to raise the question o.f consideration so tha.; the House may deter There were no further reports from the Committee of Waya and mine under the rules what business it will proceed now to consider. Means. Mr. REAGAN. And upon that I make the point of order that by COMMITTEE ON BANKING AND CURRENCY. unanimous consent the rules were suspended and this steamboat bill made a special order for to-day. Mr. EWING. I am instructed by the Committee on Banking and The SPEAKER. The Chair thinks it might perhaps be a hardship Currency to report the resolution which I send to the desk authoriz to lay aside a special order; but he entertains the opinion that under ing the Committee on Banking and Currency to obtain and report the rules the House at any time bas the right, even as against a certain information. special order, to determine what business it will proceed to consider. The Clerk read as follows : After the House shall have disposed of the matter which. it may de termine immediately to consider, the spe been held that the question of consideration can be raised even upon Mr. MILLS. But no a.nswer. a question of high privilege. Speaker Orr ruled that "it is compe The SPEAKER. That does not affect_the question. tent for a member to raise the question of consideration upon are The question was taken; :mel there were-yeas 139, nays 105, not port, even though a question of privilege is involved in that report." voting 48; u.s follows: The Chair is advised that that ruling was upon a question involving YEAS-139. the seating of a member. Of course the question of consideration Aiken Denison, James, Robinson, Milton S. can be raised as against a special order. The gentleman from Ohio Aldrich, Dibrell, Jones, Jamfls T. Ross, Bacon, Dunnell, Jorgensen, Ryan, [Mr. SAYLER] directs attention to the rule which provides that all Baker, John H, Dwight, Joyce, Sampson, questions of priority of business must be determined without debate. Baker, William H. Eames, Keifer, Sapp, The question now is : Will the House now proceed to consider the Ballou, Errett, Keightley, Schleicher, special orderY The Clerk will report the title of the bill which was Bayne, Evans, I. N'ewton Kenna, Sexton, Benedict, Evn.ns, James L. Ketcham, Shallenberger, made the special order for to-day. Bisbee, Felton, Landers, Singleton, The title was stated to be a bill (H. R. No. 2478) to amend certain Blair, Field, Lapham, Sinnickson, sections of titles 48 a.nd 52 of the Revised Statutes of the Uriited Bliss, Foster, Lathrop, Smalls, States, concerning commerce and navigation and the regulation of Brewer, Freeman, Lynde, Smith, A. Herr Briggs, Gardner, Marsh, Starin steam-vessels. Brogden, Garfield, McCook, Stewa.i-t, The question was taken; and upon a division, there were-ayes 109, Browne, Giddings, McGowan, Stone, John W. ~~u . Bundy, Gunter, McKinley, Strait., Before the result of the v.ote was announced, Burchard, Hale, MetcaJfe, Thompson, Burdick, Hamilton, Mills, Thornburgh, Mr. TUCKER called for the yeas and nays. • Cain, Hanna, Mitchell, Throckmorton, The yeas and nays were ordered, there being 41 in the affirma Calkins, Harmer, Monroe, Townsend. Amos. tive; more than one-fifth of the last vote. -camp, Hartridge, Neal, Townsend, M. I~ Mr. BANNING. I desire to make a p:uliamentary inquiry. If the Cannon. Hartzell, Oliver, Van Vorhes, Chittenden, Haskell, Overton, Wait, special order is not now proceeded with, what will be the next busi Claflin Hatcher, Pacheco, Ward, ness in order f Clark, 'Alvah. A. Hayes, Pattezson, G. W. Warner, The SPEAKER. The Chair supposes the gentleman from Virginia Clark, Rush HaZelton, Peddie, Watson, [Mr. TUCKER] will move to go into Committee of the Whole. Cobb, Hendee, Phillips, White, Michael D. Cole, Henderson, Powers, Williams, A .. S. Mr. BANNING. Is not the first business in Committee of the Cox, Jacob D. Henry, Price, Williams, C. G. Whole the Military Academy appropriation bill 7 Crapo, Hiscock, Rainey, Williams, Jere N. The SPEAKER. That is the first question in Committee of the Culberson, Hubbell, Randolph, Williams, Richard Cummings, Humphrey, Whole on the state of the Union, but the'Clerk will read Rule 114. Cutler, Hungerford, t:~:m, :;~ BenjaminA. The Clerk read as follows : Danford, Hunter, Reea, Wren. , In Committee of the Whole on the state of the Union, the bills shall be taken Davis, Horoce Ittner, Robinson, ~rge D. up and disposed of in their order on the Calendar ; but when objection is made to NAYS-105. the consideration of a bill, a majority of the committee shall decide, without de Atkins, Crittenden, Kimmel, Scales, bate, whether it shall be taken up and disposed of, or laid aside; provided. that Banning, Darrall, Knapp, Slemons. general appropriation bills, and, in timo of war, bills for raising men or money, Beebe, Davidson, Knott, Smith, William E. and bills concerning a treaty of peace, shall be preferred to all other bills, at the Bell, Davis, Joseph J. Ligon, Southard, discretion of the committee; and when demanded by any member, the question Bicknell, Dickey, Lockwood, Sparks, shall first be put in regard to them, and all debate on special orders shall be con. Blackburn, Durham, Luttrell, Springer, fined strictly to the measure under consideration. Blount, Eden, Mackey, Stenger, Boone, Eickhoff, MMartinlln'!ing, Swann, The SPEAKER. If the House should resolve itself into Committee Boyd, Evins, John H. Tipton, of the Whole, the Chair is of the opinion that under the tule just Bra~g, Finley, Mayhaln, Townshend, R. W. read the chairman of the Committee of the Whole would be bound Briages, Forney, McKenzie, Tucker, to recognize a member to move to proceed to the consideration of a Bright, Fort, McMahon, Turner, Buclmer, FranGarthklin, _ Money, Turney, general appropriation bill. It is for the Committee to determine Cabell, Morgan, Waddell, what shall be the order of business in Committee of the Whole. Caldwell, John W. Gibsoil, Morrison, Walsh, Mr. CLYMER. There are special orders in Committee of the Caldwell, W. P. Glover, Morse, .White, Harry Whole for to-d.ay after the morning hour. Candler, Goode, Muldrow, WhitLhorne, Carlisle, Hardenbergh, Muller, Williams James The SPEAKER. The House in Committee of the Whole has power Chalmers, Harris, Henry R. Patterson, T. M. Willis, Albert S. to lay aside any bill, whether a general appropriation bill or any Clark of Missouri, Harris, John T. Phelps, Wilson, other; but under the rule the chairman of the Committee of the ClarkeofKentuoky, Harrison, Pridemore, Wood, Whole would be compelled to submit first the question of considera Clymer, Herbert, Quinn, Wright, Collins, Hewitt, AbramS. Rice, Americus V. Yeates, tion as to a general appropriation bill. Uook, Hewitt, G. W. Riddle, Young. Mr. BANNING. I understood that the gentleman from Virginia Covert, Hooker, Robbins, [Mr. TucKER] wanted t-o proceed to the considemtion of the joint Cox, Samuel S. House, Roberts, resolution to e:KWnd the time for payment of tax on spirits in bond, Cravens, Jones, Frank Sayler, and agreeing with him in that respect I have voted with him. NOT VOTING-48. The SPEAKER. The Chair can say to the gentleman that he Bagley, Ellis, Killinger, Reilly, B:mks, Ellsworth, Leonard, Rice, WilliAm W. voted correctly, so far as his vie\ls were in harmony with those of Bland, Ewing, . Lindsey, Robertson, the gentleman from Virginia, because the House- by going into Com Bouck, Frye, Loring, Shelley, mittee of the Whole can, under the rule, lay aside any bilL Brentano, Ftiiler, Maish Steele, Mr. GARFIELD. With the consent of the gentleman from Vir Butler, Gause, Norcr~ss, Stephens, Campbell, Hauis, Benj. W. O'Neill, Stone, Joseph C. ginia [Mr. TuCKER] and the gentleman from Texas [Mr. REAGAN] I Caswell, Hart, Page, Vance, will ask that Senate joint resolution No. 15 may be taken from the Conger, Henkle, Pouard, Veeder, Speaker's table and acted upon at this time. It provides for the Deering, Hunton, Pott~r. Walker, appointment of a Regent of the Smithsonian Instituti<1n from citi Douglas., Jones, JohnS. Pound, Welch, Elarn, _ Kelley, Pugh, Williams, Andrew. zens at large, and a.s the annual meeting of that institution will be to-morrow, it is important that the joint resolution be acted upon So the House decided to consider the special order. now. During the roll-ca.ll the following announcements were made: The SPEAKER. The Chair will recognize the gentleman from Mr. DAVIS, of North Carolina. My colleague, Mr. STEELE, is de- Ohio [.Mr.GARFmLD] later in the day. The yeas and_nays have been tained at home by sickness. - ordered upon the question. Will the House now proceed to consider Mr. GIBSON. My colleagues, Mr. ELLIS and Mr. ROBERTSON, are the special order f absent on account of sickness. The Clerk proceeO.ed to call the roll. Mr. TUCKE.R. My colleague, Mr. HUNTON, who is absent, is paired Mr. ~E. Will the Chair state exactly what is the proposition, on a,U questions wi~h the gentleman from Maine, Mr. FRYE. I sup so that we may vote intelligently Y pose my colleague, 1f present, would vote "no" and Mr. FRYE "ay." The SPEAKER. The House, upon motion of the gentlema.n from Mr. JONES, of Ohio. I am paired with my colleague, Mr. 'E'wnm, Texas, [Mr. RE;A.GAN,] :fixed as a special order for to-day a bill to re who, if present, would vote "no," while I should vote" ay." · vise what are known as the steamboat laws of the United States. Mr. ATKINS. The gentleman from Maryland, Mr. ROBERTS, is de Mr. HALE. And an affil1Il1l.tive vote on this roll-call is in favor of tained at home by sickness. considering that bill f The result of the vote wa-s announced as above stated. The SPEAKER. A majority vote in the affirmative will bring the BOARD OF REGENTS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTIO:N. House to a consideration of that subject. A vote in the negative Mr. GARFIELD. With the a.ssent of the gentleman from TexaB, will probably have the effect of taking the House into Committee of [.Mr. REAGAN,] who is entitled to the :floor upon the special order, I the Whole. ask unanimous consent that the House now take from the Speaker's Mr. MILLS. I move to reconsider the vote by which the yeas and table for consideration and passagethejoint resolution(S. R.No.115} nays were ordered. There is no necessity for calling the yeas and filling an existing vacancy in the Boarcl of Regents of the Smith na.ys upon this question. sonian Institution. The SPEAKER. The gentleman is too late. There ha.s been a There being no objection, the joint resolution was taken from the name called. 8peaker's table and read a first and second time. It provides that VII-30 466 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. JANUARY 22, the existing vacancy in the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian In Revised Statutes, which provides that sailing-vessels under way shall stitution, of the class other than members of Congress, shall be filled sound a fog-horn at intervals of not more than five minutes. Tho by the appointment of Neah Porter, of Connecticut, in the place of committee have struck out the word "five" and inserted "two" so James D. Da~~a, resigned. that every small sailing-vessel, no matter how small she may be, is The joint resolnti not apply in the same manner to sailing and steam vessels, but con :Mr. SAYLER. Would not that be included in the expression still templates that one cla.ss of vessels shall blow once in five minutes weatherf - · and the other once in two minutes. This answers the point of the Mr. DUNNELL. I ask that part of the report of the committee gentleman that there should be a different interval so as to facilitate be read. recognition. That is the advantage which my amendment has, as The Clerk read as follows : the gentleman will see. It contemplates that the steamer shall sound This amendment simply aefines what shall be tho power of the foa-horn by which. its whistle once in two minutes, and the sailing-vessel its fog-horn fog-si~a~s shall be given,froJ? ~ailing-vessels, namely, "be he:ud"'at a dista,nce of once in five minutes. one mile m _still weather ; this IS the l~st distance that will serve any p:upose of safety; a d~stance of one and a half miles would, in our opinion; confer increased Mr. BUTLER. But a steam-whistle ought to be heard two miles safety, for It must be remembered that, thourrh heard one mile in still weather, it. and a half or three miles; and hence a longer interval is proper, would probably not be heard more than one~ that distance in windy blowing because it can be heard further thn.n a fog-horn. Besides a steamer ~~ I can turn her course promptly, while a sailing-vessel, being obliged to Mr. CRAPo's amendment was rejected. keep way on, may have difficulty in doing so. The Clerk read the second section, as follows: Mr. HALE. The gentlemen should remember that as the steamor SEC. 2. That section 4234 of the Revised Statutes of the United States shall bo. is going so much faster all the time the chances of running against so amended as to read as follows : something are increased, therefore she should blow oftener. " SEc. 4234. Collectors, or other chief officers of the customs shall require a,U Mr. BU'fLER. But she will not run against anything, if the thing sail-vessels to be furnished with the proper signal-lights; and ~very such vessel in danger of being run against blows often enough. [Laughter.] It shall, on tho approach of any steam-vessel durmg the night-time show a li"'hted torch upon that point or quarter to which such steam-vessel shall' be approaclili':;~. is necessary that the sailing-vessel should blow oftener, so that the Every such vessel that shall be navi~ated without complyin"' with the provisions. steamer may avoid her. The stea.mer can turn out of her course, of this an~ the preceding ~ection shall be liable to. a penalty ~f $200 ; and tho ves while the sailing-vessel may not be able to do so. sel so naVIgated may be seiZed and :proceedc:d agamst by way of libel in any dis Mr. HALE. The gentleman goes on the theory that a sailing-ves t-rict court clearing of fields and the growing of crops, to seize upon the whole. part of Massachusetts, held the power, and received the patronage. These occupants fully realizing the terrible price in hardship, toil, The proposed State would be strongly democratic, and the minority and da.n.u;er they had paid for these homes, seeing the whole about were satisfied that, in the bitter spirit of political strife, they would to be swept away in a moment by the magic of a legal warrant, de receive no consideration whatever from the majority. The Portland liberately determined to resist even to the death. Surely the equities Gazette, Hallowell Gazette, and Kennebunk Visitor represented the were all with them. The houses they had built, the farms they had views of the opposition, while the Portland Argus, American Adv6- cleared not only gave great value to the lands they occupied, but cate, and Bangor Register zealously favored. enhanced that remaining in the proprietors. They, however, disre General King, restive under defeat, gave his whole strength to the. garded all this, thrust " the bonds " in the faces of the tenants and contest, personally labored with the leading federalists both of Maine replied to their prayers with taunts. and Massachusetts, and finally promised them that in event of sepa General King, pre-eminently a just man, and the bitter enemy of ration their party should receive their fair share of power and patron wrong, at once commenced a vigorous contest in the Legislature for age, and such was their confidence in hiil integrity that the Legisla a remedy. The fact that the fight must be made in the citadel of the ture again authorized the steps necessary to separation and the enemy-that wealth, aristocracy, law, and generally the federalists proposition was carried by an overwhelming majority. The conven were his opponents-only made him the more persistent, increased his tion met at Portland October 11, 1819, again elected General King strength and courage, and added luster to the brHliant victory he president, reported a constitution which was ratified by the people, won. Success was his habit. So in 1808 Governor Sullivan signed and in 1820 Maine was admitted one of the United States of America. "the betterment act," humanelyprovidingthat in all actions instituted In September, 1820, the first State election was held and 1\Ir. King to recover lands, holden six years or more by possession, on improve was elected governor, receiving 21,083 votes to about 1,000 scatter ment, whenever the jury found for the demandant they should, at ing. Did he regard his promises 'I Yes, both in letter and spirit, the tenant's request, also ascertain the increased value of the premises though organized and persistent effort was made to prevent it. He at the time of the trial, in virtue of his buildings and improvements ; gave the offices one-third to the federalists, two-thirds to the demo and likewise, at the demandant's request, find the value of the land crats, the most important, however, to the former, appointing Prentiss in a state of nature. Then the proprietor could take it, paying the Mellen, federalist, chief-justice of the supreme court, Ezekiel Met tenant the value of the improvements, or abandon it to the tenant, ruan, federalist, chief-justice of the court of common pleas. He did he paying its value in the state of nature. The news of peace after more. Largely through his influence his party for years, in making a. protracted war never was hailed with greater joy by any suffering nominations through the State for the elective offices, yielded the people than was the promulgation of this act by the citizens of Maine. same proportion to their opponents. A rare example of political in But perhaps the legislation in which he had the greatest pride was tegrity! Mr. King administered the office of governor with great that known as "the reHgious freedom act," Under the existing wisdom and conspicuous fairness, and is now universally spoken of law, every corporate town, parish, &c., must be ''constantly pro in Maine as" our first and our best governor." vided with a public, protestant teacher of piety, religion, and moral General King was an ardent friend of the cause of education, es ity," and every such town, parish, &c., for the support of the teacher pecially of the common school. One of his chief causes of complaint and for the repairing and building of the churches, was authorized against Massachusetts was her indifference to the educational inter to raise the money by taxation, to be assessed on the ratable polls ests of Maine, perhaps arising lat·gely from the refusal of her Legis and property. This was in entire conflict with the tolerant spil:it of lature to endow Waterville College as liberally as he thought was Maine, and General King at once commenced a crusade against it. right. It was a battle against a walled city, but he prevailed and in 1811 After he was elected a delegate to the second convention, and be obtained the enactment of the "the religions freedom act," pro fore its session, be made the journey to Monticello to consult Mr. viding that all moneys paid by any citizen to the support of public Jefferson as to the new constitution, especially as to the provisions worship should, if such citizen required it, be unifttrmly applied to that ought to be made for education, and at his request Jefferson · the support of the public teacher of his own religious sect or denom drafted article 8 of the constitution of l\faine. ination; also removing the distinction between corporate and ullin In 1821, and before the expiration of his term of office as governor, corporate societies, and relieving the citizen from taxes for the sup Mr. King resigned to accept n.n appointment at ·wa-shington as a port of any other society than that to which he belonged. This was commissioner under the Spanish treaty. Subsequently he received the first great step toward religions nfranchisement, finally con the appointment of collector at Bath, which he held from 1831 to summated in Massachusetts by the act of 1834, which provides that 1834. "no person shall hereafter become or be made a member of any To the performance of the duties of these offices Mr. King brought parish or religious society so as to be liable to be taxed therein for the same unswerving fidelity and thesameuncompromising integrity. the support of public worship without his express consent." No shadow of suspicion ever darkened the brilliancy of his public But in the formation of the constitution of Maine, in 1820, Mr. King life; no taint of corruption clung to his official robes. Thn.t he bad was careful to have an ::trticle declaring that "all men have a natural faults I cannot deny, but they were those almost legitimate to power, and inalienable right to worship Almighty God according to the dic the mere barnacles of uninterrupted success. He was arrogant but tates of their own consciences;" also that "no subordination nor courteous, imperious but just; quick to resent but never slow to for preference of any one sect or denomination to another shall ever be give. He was restive under defeat, impatient under opposition, over established by law ;" also, '' no religious test shall ever be required bearing with his enemies, but an obedient servant to his honor, and as a qualifica-tion for any office of trust under the State;" also a dec a willing slave to his word. laration against all distinction between corporate and nnincorporate During the last few years of his life he seems to have retired from religious societies. . its activities, but we know that he endured serious domestic a:ffiictions General King's self-sacrificing patriotism was conspicuous in the with a patience and a resignation borne only from submission to the war of 1812. While it was threatening, when it was declared, and Divine will, a fitting crown for an heroic life. all through its prosecution his voice, his services, and his influence He died at Bath, June 17, 1852, at the age of eighty-four, having were in favorof it and forsnstainingtheGovernment, notwithstand lived long enough to see the State he so devotedly loved, for whose ing he knew that Maine must inevitably be a terrible sufferer, with interests he so earnestly and unselfishly labored, prosperous, strong, her extensive sea-coast open and undefended in hundreds of places, and happy. with her northern and eastern borders embraced in the arms of a Does not this brief acd imperfect record of the life of General province of the enemy; that he, having grea.t wealth invested in King fully justify my declaration that he wa-s the representative man commerce, many ships engaged in foreign trade, must see that wealth of Maine, the legitimate child of her history and of her civilization; disappear like the dew and his ships rotting at the wharves. The and may she not now proudly present to you his statue as that of federalists opposed the war with great bitterness, but General King, "one most worthy of such a national commemoration Y" then major-general of the militia of Maine, by his ardor, determina Mr. Speaker, I move that the Honse concur with the Senate in the tion, and unbounded influence with his party, held them firmly and adoption of the pending resolutions. constantly on the side of the Government, though the terrible specter Mr. REED. Mr. Speaker, William King was born in 1768 in the of starvation and death everywhere confronted their patriotism. ancient town of Scarborough, which is a part of what is now the Soon after the close of the war. an earnest discussion was com first Maine district. He was president of our constitntibnal con menced as to the propriety of separation from Massachusetts, Mr. vention in 1819. He was the first governor of Maine, chosen to that King taking strong ground in favor of the proposition, and in 1816 office by the almost unanimous vote of the people who were indebted the people of the district were authorized by law to vote on this to him, most of all, for their separate, equal, and independent position question: "Is it expedient that the district of Maine be separated as the people of a sovereign State. He died at Bath in 1852, full of from Massachusetts and become an independent State¥" And a con years, having reached the great age of eighty-four. His powers were vention was authorized to meet at Brunswick, count the votes, and commensurate with his years. He was successful in all his vocations. form a constitution, provided the vote in favor of the proposition He was a prosperous merchant, not narrowed by trade, but true to· was as 5 to 4. General King was made president of this conven his country when to be true to his country was to be false to his in tion, took the ground that the votes necessary for separation had terests. He was a fortunate lawgiver, who was able to secure to the been cast, carried the convention with him, and the declaration was hardy settlers in a new country the fruits of their toilsome lives a.nd made; but the Legislature of Massachusetts determined that the to give to his people the gift of religions liberty. He founded a Stat& conventJion had misconstrued the law, and the court sustaining their and was for twenty years its central political figure. The files of his decision dissolved it. correspondence still existing show letters from many men since be In 1819 the discussion was renewed with great animation. Poli come notable, suing for his aid in their earlier ambitions, because his tics entered largely into it. The federalists, while the district was a aid was well-nigh omnipotent. He has been dead scarce twenty-five. 1878. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 471 years, yet all tha.t can be found of him in biographies and histories is By Mr. BURCHARD: Papers relating t9 the claim of Captain D. the fe.w dates which are in the first three or four sentences I have C. Stone-to the Committee on Military Affairs. uttered. Certainly no one would dream of taking the fading of this By Mr. CillTTENDEN: The petition of Thomas C. Smith and other narrow and local fame to teach the vanity of human reputation. manufacturers of porcelain, &c., at Greenpoint, New York, that tariff More striking examples might easily be found, and the lesson itself duties remain unchan_ged until thoroughly investigated-to the Com would be too trite. We all know too sadly well that oblivion begins mittee of Ways and Means. to devour the mightiest when dead, and has in all ages been so greedy By Mr. CLARK, of Missouri: The petition of Patrick Manion, for as to overtake some men yet living. relief-to the Committee on the Judiciary. • The lesson here is far different. General King could hope for no By 1\Ir. CLARK, of New Jersey: The petition of citizens of New perpetuity of his memory. Perhaps he was great enough to be care Jersey, opposing a reduction of duties on foreign merchandise-to l es.;; of distinction. Although he was a man of stately presence, with the Committee of Ways and Means. sonorous voice rich with the eloquence of conviction and command, By Mr. COX, of Ohio: The petition of Bryan Manufacturing Com his speeches were as short as they were vigorous. His words went pany and other manufacturers of plows, &c., at Bryan, Ohio, that no straight to the mark. He preserved nothing that he said. No record change be made in tariff duties until thoroughly examined-to the remains of his seven years' struggle to form the State. He did his same committee. work and was careless who had the credit. Human fame, .even of By Mr. DANFORD: The petition of Landon Grimes and others, for those who are at pains to preserve their memories, is as evanescent relief-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. as the cloud of a summer sky. But human deeds are imperishable. Also, the petition of Mathew Cunningham and others, of Harrison Sooner or later he who has been the faithful servant of all shall be County, Ohio, against a reduction of tariff duties on manufactures, looked up to as the master. Hence it is that the State of Maine and against the reimposition of the war tax on tea and coffee-to the when called upon to place in the National Hall of Statuary the :figure Committee of Way£~ and Means. of the son she most willingly remembers has passed by men of his By Mr. DIBRELL: A memorial on behalf of the removal of Mus time certainly more famous but not greater, and chosen William cle Shoals obstruction to the navigation of the Tennessee River, being King. It seems also highly :fitting, both as a memorial and an ex the official report of a convention held at Chattanooga, Tennessee, ample, t hat in that Hall which has so often echoed to the voices of December 5, 1877, composed of two hundred and :fifty delegates, rep many men whose fame seemed to :fill the country but who are resenting large corrimercial, agricultural, mineral, and manufacturing now forgotten, because their aims were selfish and their purposes interests in Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, and North Carolina-to the petty, should stand the statue of William King, placed there not be Committee on Commerce. cause the land is resonant with his name but because he did his Also, the petition of citizens of Chattanooga, Tennessee, for an in State enduring service. crease of the pension of the widow of the late Lieutenant A. W. Mc The resolutions of the Senate were concurred in. Intyre-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. By Mr. DUNNELL: The petition of 1\1. J. Adams, for an appropria ELECTIO:N CONTEST-S~ITH VS. ELAM. tion to test an invention to establish a permanent channel in the The SPEAKER laicl before the House the answer of J. B. Elam Mississippi and other l'ivers-to the Committee on Commeree. against George L. Smith, contestant, fourth congressional district of By Mr. EAMES: The petition of J.A. Gowdey & Son, manufa-ct Louisiana; which was referred to the Committee of Elections. urers of loom-reeds, at Providence, Rhode Island, and of the Enter WITHDRAWAL OF PAPERS. prise Company, and otl;cr manufacturers of >yersteds, braids, &c., at Woonsocket, Rhode Island, that tariff duties remain unchanged until Mr. NEAL asked and obtained unanimous consent for the with thoroughly investigated-to the Committee of Ways and 1\leans. drawal from the :files of the Honse of papers in the cases of Hillborn By Mr. ELLIS: The petition of James H. Morrison, to be placed C. Miller, David Mitchell, Daniel Kennedy, and Patrick Glackin; no upon the retired list of the Navy, with the rank of :fkst assistant en adverse reports. gineer-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. LEAVE OF ABSEXCE. By Mr. FENN: The petition of 999 cit.izensof the conBtiesof Nez Mr. PoUND was granted leave of absence for the session af to-day. Perce, Idaho, and Shoshone, Idaho Territory, for the improvement of Snake and Clear Water Rive~, in the Territories of Washington HENRY P. RALFE. and Idaho-to the Committee on Commerce. Mr. BRIGGS, by unanimous consent, introduced a bill (H. R. No. Also, the petition of 1,065 citizens of the counties ~f Idaho, Nez 2688) for the relief of Henry P. Ralfe, late United States attorney Perce, and Shoshone, in Idaho Territory, for annexation to Wash for the diiltrict of New Hampshire; which was read a :first and sec ington Territory-to the Committee on Territories. ond time, referred to the Committee of Claims, and ordered to be By Mr. FORNEY: A memorial on behalf of the removal of Muscle printed. Shoals obstruction to the navi~ation of the Tennessee River, being Mr. REAGAN. I move that the Honse now adjourn. the official report of a convent10n held at Chattanooga, Tennessee, The motion was agreed to; and accordingly (at four o'clock and December 5, 1877, composed of two hundred aBd :fifty delegates, rep thirty minutes p. m.) the House adjourned. resenting large commercial, agricultural, mineral, and manufaeturing interests in Alabama, Tennessee, Georgia, and North Carolina-to the PETITIONS, ETC. Committee on Commerce. The following petitions, &c., were preilented at the Clerk's desk, By Mr. GARDNER: Papers relating to the cla.i.m of M. M. Murphy under the rule, and referred as stated : to the Committee of Claims. By Mr. AIKEN: The petition of the board of trustees of Newberry By Mr. GARFIELD: Several papers relating to the claim of 0. T. College, South Carolina, for compensation for the use, occupation of Letcher-to the Committee of Claims. and damage to the bUildings of said college by the United States Also, papers relating to the petition of Thompson P.l\fcCoy, to be Army-to the Committee on War Claims. relieved from the charge of desertion-to the Committee on 1\-lilitary By Mr. BAGLEY: The petition of 165 citizens of Little Falls, New Affairs. York, against the reduction of the duties on manufa-ctured goods and By Mr. GLOVER: The petitian of William Buford a~: d other man against the imposition of a duty on tea and coffee-to the Committee ufacturers of woolens, &c., :1.t Glenwood, Missouri, tl:at tariff" duties of Ways and Means. remain unchanged until thoroughly investigated-to the Committee By Mr. BAKER, of New York: The petition of N. Vooder and other of Ways and Means. manufacturers of lumber at Richland, New York, that tariff duties By Mr. GUNTER: Papers relating to the land claim of Anna ·M. remain unchanged until thoroughly investigated-to the same com , Clark, !>f Florida-to the Committee on Private Land Claims. mittee. By Mr. HARMER: The petition of the workingmen of the hventy By Mr. BANNING: The petition of Bishop Brothers, of Cincinnati, second ward of Philadelphia, against any change of the tariff laws Ohio, that the tax on spirits be reduced-to the same committee. which protect their l:l.bor and which would reduce the duties on for By Mr. BAYNE : The petition of Henry Slocum and 38 other win eign manufactured goods, and against the reimposition of the war dow-glass operatives of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, against any reduc tax on tea and coffee-to the same committee. tion of the duties which protect labor, and against the reimposition By Mr. HART: The petition of silk-hat manufacturers of Roches of the war tax on tea and coffee-to the same committee. ter, New York, for a reduction of duty on silk plush-to the same com Also, the petition of Penn Cotton Mills Company, Pittsburgh, Penn mittee. sylvania, that tariff duties remain unchanged until thoroughly inves Also, the petition of workingmen engaged in the manufacture of tigated-to the same committee. printing paper, at Rochester, New York, against the reduction of duty By Mr. BLAIR : Remonstrance of A. E. Harriman and 110 others, on foreign paper, &c.-to the same committee. and of N. 1\I. Reed and 47 others, workmen, at Ashland, New Hamp Also, the petition of citizens of Rochester, New York, engaged in shire, against the reuuction of any duties which protect labor, and manufacturing corks, anu of employes of manufacturers of cork, that against the reimposition of the war-tax on tea and coffee-to the the duty on cork remain unchanged-to the same committee. same committee. By Mr. IDSC OCK: The petition of C. B. Clark and other manu By Mr. BRAGG: The petition of citizens of Wisconsin, for a reduc fa-cturers, of Syracuse, New York, that tariff duties remain unchanged tion of the tax on spirits-to the same committee. until thoroughly investigated-to the same committee. By Mr. BRIDGES : The petition of H. Gabriel & Sons and other By Mr. HUBBELL : The petition of Hopkins Manufacturing Com manufacturers of woolen and cotton goods, at Allentown, Pennsyl pany, manufacturers of lumber at Bear Lake, Michigan, of similar vania, that tariff duties remain unchanged illltil thoroughly investi import-to the same committee. gated-to the same committe. Also, the petition of T. Mahon and 26 others, citizens of Lathrop, 472 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. JANUARY 23r Michigan, for the establishment of a United States district court in By Mr. WARD : The petition of 109 citizens engaged in the manu the upper peninsula of Michigan-to the Committee on the Judi facture of cotton and woolen goods at Glen Riddle, Pennsylvania, ciary. and of 152 citizens of Phamixville, Pennsylvania, engaged in the By Mr. JONES, of Alabama: The petition of N. H. Brown, of Mo manufacture of iron, bridges, and pottery, against any reduction of bile, Alabama, for a reduction of the duty on leau-ore and litharge- tariff duties-to the Committee of Ways and Means. to the same committee. By Mr. WARNER: The petition of C. F. Raymond, for pension By Mr. KELLEY: The petition 110 workingmen at the Falls of money due the widow of Jesse Smith-to the Committee on Revolu Schuylkill, Pennsylvania, against any change of the tariff laws re tionary Pensions. ducing duties on foreign goods-to the same committee. Also, the petition of Silas and Seth Hurd, for compensation for Also, the petition of Mrs. Martha J. Coston, for relief-to the Com damages sustained by them in the improvement of the Housatonic mitt.eeon Naval Affairs. River-to the Committee of Claims. Also, the petition of 84 workmen of Manayunk, Pennsylvania, Also, the petition of Jacob Rath, to be relieved of the charl:fe of de against any change of the tariff laws reducing duties on foreign sertion from the United States Army-to the Committee on .1\Iilitary goods-to the Committee of Ways and Means. Affairs. By Mr. KIDDER : A paper relating to the establishment of a post By Mr. WILLIAMS, of Michigan: Resolutions of the State Grange route betwP,en Beale City and New Spotted Tail agency-to the Com of Michigan, against black-mailing patent-right vendors-to the Com mittee on the Post-Office and Post-Roads. mittee on Patents. By Mr. KILLINGER: The petition of Murray, Dougal & Co., Also, resolutions of the State Grange of Michigan, favoring the and other manufacturers, at Milton, Pennsylvania, that tariff duties building of a ship-canal across the State from Lake Michigan to remai.n unchanged until thoroughly investigated-to the Committee Lake Erie-to the Committee on Commerce. of Ways and Means. Also, the petition of William D. Ingersoll, late second lieutenant By Mr. KNAPP: The petit.ion of citizens of illinois, for an appro Fifth :Michigan Cavalry, for relief-to the Committee on. Military priation for the improvement of Saint Paul and Sny Island levee Affairs. . to the Committee on 1\fississippi Levees. By Mr. YOUNG : Papers relating to the claim of the Masonic Lodge By Mr. LORING: Remonstrance of E. P. Whitman and others, of at Colliersville, Tennessee-to the Committee on War Claims. . Rockport, Massachusetts, against the reduction of duties on cotton goods-to the Committee of Ways and Means. By Mr. McCOOK: The petition of D. R. Norvell and 35 others, ship owners and agents of the port of New York, against the passage of House bill No. 2103, and that a thorough investigation be made of IN SENATE. the acts of the commissioner of that port-to the Committee on Com merce. WEDNESDAY, January 23 1878. By Mr. McKINLEY: The 1)etitions of Knowles, Taylor & Knowles 1 and other manufacturers of ·straw-china, &c., atEastLiverpo()l, Ohio, The Senate met at twelve o'clock m. and of Eureka Steel and Iron Works, at Wellsville, Ohio, that tariff Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. BYRON Sm'DERLAND, D. D. duties remain uncha~~ed until thoroughly investigated-to the Com The Journal of yesterday's proceedingR was read and approved. mittee of Ways and means. EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION. By Mr. MONROE: The petition of A. Coffin and other manufl}ctu The VICE-PRESIDENT laid before the Senate a message of the rers of wool, lumber, &c., at Ghent, Ohio, of similar import-to the President of the United States, transmitting, in answer to a resolution · same committee. of the Senate of November 16, 1877, reports made by the Attorney By Mr. MORRISON: The petition of George W. Schussler and other General and the Secretary of State on the seizure of lumber and tim citizens of Bellville, lllinois, for the encouragement of rifle prac ber by the agents and marshals of the United States in the States of tice-to the Committee on Military Affairs. Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi; which was referred to the Com By Mr. REA: The petition of soldiers of the Forty-fourth and mittee on the Judiciary, and ordered to be printed. .,Forty-ninth Regiments Missouri Volunteers, for $33 additional boun ty-to the same committee. PETITIONS AND MEMORIALS. Also, the petition of citizens of Cameroa, Missouri, that the duty Mr. DAVIS, of Illinois. I present the memorial of E. B. Powen and on flaxseed and linseed-oil remain unchanged-to the Committee of 64 others, workingmen of Belleville, Illinois, engaged in the manu Ways and Means. . facture of nails in the Belleville Nail Works, remonstrating against By Mr. RICE, of Massachusetts: The petition of Stephen Davis, for any reduction of the duties which protect their labor. They also a pension-to the Committee on Revolutionary Pensions. remonstrate against the reimposition of the war tax upon tea and By Mr. RICE, of Ohio: Papers rebting to the pension claim of coffee, which was abolished, they sn.y, by the friends of the working Mary Walsh-to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. men. I move the reference of the memorial to the Committee on By Mr. RYAN: The petition of Guilford A. Wood, for relief-to Finance. the Committee on Public Lands. The motion was agreed to. By Mr. SAMPSON: Papers relating to the bill for the relief of John Mr. HAMLIN presented the memorial of J. S. Clapp and others, T. Phillips-to the Committee on Milita1~ Affairs. workingmen of Paris, Maine, engaged in the manufacture of box By Mr. SAPP: The petition of citizens of Iowa, for the removal of board, remonstrating against the reduction of the duties which pro limitations as to time for presenting claims for pensions-to the Com tect their labor and against the reimposition of the war tax on tea mittee on Invalid Pensions. and coffee; which was referred. to the Committee on Finance. Also, the petition of farmers of Iowa, that the tariff on imported ~h-. KERNAN presented petitions of citizens of the counties of flaxseed remain unchanged-to the Committee of Ways and: Men.ns. Madison, :Franklin, Monroe, Chemung, Orange, Oswego, Rensselaer, By Mr. SLEMONS: Papers relating to the claim of Captain George and Genesee, in the State of New York, and citizens of the city of W. Cook-to the Committee on Military Affairs. New York, praying that silver be remonetized and the resumption By Mr. STONE, of Michigan: The petition of W. B. Croninger and act repealed; which were referred to the Committee on Finance. 55 other citizens of Michigan, against the repeal of the tariff on Mr. RANDOLPH presented the memorial of Erastus Sweet and wool-to the Committee of Ways and Means. others, workingmen of -Trenton, New Jersey, engaged in the manu By Mr. STONE, of Iowa: The petition of citizens of Iowa, for the facture of crockery; the memorial of Thomas W. Beattie and others, removal of limitation as to time for filing claims for pensions-to the workingmen of Camden, New Jersey, engaged in the manufacture of Committee on Invvlid Pensions. woolen goods; and the memorial of Thomas Davis and others, work By Mr. TOWNSEND, of New York: The petition of 175 :flax-spin ingmen of Trenton, New Jersey, engaged in the manufacture of ners of Rensselaer County, New York, against a reduction of tariff crockery, remonstrating against a reduction of the duties on imports duties-to the Committee of Ways and Means. and against the reimposition of the war tax on tea and coffee ; which Also, the petition of fire-brick manufacturers of Troy, New York, were referred to the Committee on Finance. • . against the reduction of duties on fire-bricks-to the same committee. 1\ir. BECK presented the memorial of G. W. Thomas and others, By Mr. TOWNSEND, of Ohio: The petition of Edward Lewis and workingmen of Sharpsburgh, Kentucky, remonstrating against are 120 other citizens of Cleveland, Ohio, employes of iron manufacturers, duction of the duties on imports and against the reimposition of the against any modification of the t:uiff laws to the detriment of Ameri war tax on tea and coffee ; which.was referred to the Committee on can industries-to the same committee. Finance. Also, the petition of Grassell Chemical Works Company, and 52 Mr. CAMERON, of Pennsylvania, presented the petition of the citizens of Cleveland, Ohio, engaged in the manufacture of chemic9ls, Pennsylvania Cotton Mills, manufa-cturers of cotton, of Pittsburgh, of similar import-to the same committee. Pennsylvania, employing two hundred and sixty-five workmen, pray By Mr. TURNEY: Papers relating to the claim of Charles Ge::tl' ing that Congress will take no action concerning a revision of the ing-to the Committe on War Claims. tariff duties until after it shall have ascertained by an official inquiry By Mr. WAIT: The petition of Nathaniel Shipman, and others, the condition of the industries of the country and that tho nature of that the time for holdin~. the fall term of the district court of the the proposed tariff legislation is such as in the opinion of practical United States for the ctistrict of Connecticut ·be changed-to the business men would best promote the restoration of general pros Committee on the Judiciary. perity; which was referred to the Committee on Finance. By Mr. WALSH: The petition of Cbarlei K. Ramsburg, of Freder He also presented the memorial of Samuel S. Ford and 217 others, ick City, Maryland, for relief-to the Committee on War Clain1s. workingmen employed by Powers & Weightman, of Philadelphia,