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MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Table of Contents S.no. Title Page Europe-Physiography 3 1 Europe-Major Water Bodies 6 2 Europe-Major Rivers 8 3 Europe-Major Rivers & Water Bodies 10 4 Africa-Physiography 11 5 Africa-Major Water Bodies & Rivers 14 6 North-America-Physiography 17 7 USA and Canada -Physical 18 8 Canada-Major Water Bodies 20 9 USA-Major Water Bodies 21 10 11 South-America-Physiography 25 12 South America-Major Water Bodies 28 13 The Middle America- Countries and borders 30 1 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED 14 Asia- Physiography 31 15 Asia- Countries & Borders 44 16 The Middle-East – Water Bodies 45 17 The Middle-East – Countries & Borders 46 18 China – Water Bodies 46 19 Russia – Water Bodies 47 20 Antarctica 48 21 The Arctic 50 2 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Europe Baltic States: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania Balkan States: Yugoslavia, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia Herzegovina, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece, Romania and Albania. Low Countries: also called Benelux Countries, coastal region of northwestern Europe, consisting of Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg. The Low Countries are bordered by Germany to the east and France to the south. In 1947 the three nations formed the Benelux Customs Union, which broadened over the years into what a 1960 treaty confirmed as the Benelux Economic Union. The United Kingdom: It comprises the whole of the island of Great Britain—which contains England, Wales, and Scotland—as well as the northern portion of the island of Ireland. The name Britain is sometimes used to refer to the United Kingdom as a whole. Scandinavia: historically Scandia, part of northern Europe, generally held to consist of the two countries of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Norway and Sweden, with the addition of Denmark. Some authorities argue for the inclusion of Finland on geologic and economic grounds and of Iceland and the Faroe Islands on the grounds that their inhabitants speak North Germanic (or Scandinavian) languages related to those of Norway and Sweden. 3 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Europe-Physiography: 4 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED The Ural Mountains: Natural Boundary between Asia and Europe. The highest point is Mt. Narodnaya at 6,214 ft. Mesata: The central plateau, or Mesata, covers nearly half of the entire country of Spain. This high plateau averages about 2,300 ft. (700 m) in the north, and 2,000 ft. (600 m) in the south. It's surrounded by a series of mountain ranges including the Cantabrian, Sierra De Gata and Sierra Guadarrama in the north and central, and the Sierra Morena and Sierra Nevada in the south. Kjolen Mountains: This jagged mountain system runs along the border of eastern Norway and western Sweden. The highest point is Mt. Kebnekaise, standing at 6,965 ft. (2,123 m). The Alps: They are a small segment of a discontinuous mountain chain that stretches from the Atlas Mountains of North Africa across southern Europe and Asia to beyond the Himalayas. The Alps form partof France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Serbia, and Albania. Mt. Blanc, which at 15,771 feet (4,807 metres) is the highest peak in the Alps. Apennine Range, also called the Apennines, Italian Appennino, series of mountain ranges bordered by narrow coastlands that form the physical backbone of peninsular Italy. Mount Corno, 9,554 feet (2,912 metres), is the highest point of the Apennines. Two Active Volcanoes – Mt. Vesuvius and Mt. Etna. PyreneesIt stretches from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea on the east to the Bay of Biscay on the Atlantic Oceanon the west. The Pyrenees form a high wall between France and Spain. At its western end it blends imperceptibly into the Cantabrian Mountains along the northern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. Carpathian Mountains, a geologically young European mountain chain forming the eastward continuation of the Alps. The Caucasus Mountains, extending west-east for about 750 miles (1,200 km) from the Taman Peninsula on the Black Sea to the Abşeron Peninsulaon the Caspian Sea. and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia. Mount Elbrus in the Greater Caucasus range, at 18,510 feet (5,642 metres), is the highest peak. 5 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Europe-Major Water Bodies: 6 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Countries bordering Black sea: This major inland sea is bordered by six countries — Romania and Bulgaria to the west; Ukraine, Russia, and Georgia to the north and east; and Turkey to the south. Countries bordering Caspian sea: The Caspian Sea is a landlocked body of water between Europe and Asia. Five countries — Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran and Azerbaijan — border the inland sea. Countries bordering Baltic sea: The Baltic Sea is positioned in Northern Europe and bordered by Sweden (a part of the Scandinavian Peninsula), Finland, Russia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, northeastern Germany, and eastern Denmark and its numerous islands. The Kiel Canal-North Sea–Baltic Sea Canal, waterway in northern Germany. Countries bordering Mediteranean sea • Northern shore (from west to east): Spain, France, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece and Turkey. • Eastern shore (from north to south): Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel. • Southern shore (from west to east): Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt. • Island nations: Malta, Cyprus. Gulfs and Bays: NAME SEPARATES PART OF SEA OR OCEAN Gulf of Riga Estonia and Latvia Baltic Sea Gulf of Finland Finland and Estonia Baltic Sea. Gulf of Bothnia Sweden and Finland Baltic Sea. English Channel Britain and Spain Atlantic Ocean Bay Biscay France and Spain Atlanic Ocean Gulf of Lions Lies to the south of France Mediterranean Sea. 7 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Europe-Major Rivers: 8 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Danube: Beginning in the Black Forest region of Germany, it flows across central Europe and the countries of Austria, Hungary, Croatia and Yugoslavia. It then forms the border between Romania and Bulgaria, turning north across Romania to eventually end in the Black Sea. Dnieper: Rising in the southwestern part of the Russian Federation, it flows generally south through Belarus, then southeast through Ukraine, ending in the Black Sea. Overall it's (1,420 miles) (2,285 km) in length. Don: Beginning it the southwestern Russian Federation, to the south of Moscow, it flows southeasterly towards the Volga, then turns abruptly west, ending in the Sea of Azov. Overall it's (1,224 miles) (1,969 km) in length. Elbe: Rising in the Czech Republic, the Elbe River then flows north through Germany, ending in the North Sea near Cuxhaven. It's (724 miles) (1,165 km) in length. Loire: Recognized as the longest river in France, the navigable Loire begins in the foothills of the Massif Central, then flows north and west across the heartland of France, finally ending in the Bay of Biscay. It's (634 miles) (1,020 km) in length. Po: Italy's longest river begins in the upper reaches of the Alps, flowing west to east across northern Italy, ending in the Adriatic Sea. It's (405 miles) (652 km) in length. Rhine: Forming in the mountains of southeastern Switzerland, this legendary river flows west, forming Switzerland's northeastern border with Germany, then runs directly north through western Germany forming part of that country's border with France, then finally dissecting the Netherlands and ending in the North Sea. Numerous tributaries and branches run in all directions, and in overall length is (820 miles) (1,319 km). Rhone: Begin high in the Swiss Alps, this fast moving river flows into the eastern end of Lake Geneva, then south through south-eastern France, emptying into the Mediterranean Sea. Volga: The Volga is the largest river in European Russia in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. It flows through central Russia, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia. It's 3,692 km (2,294 mi) long 9 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Europe-Major Rivers & Water Bodies 10 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS. All rights reserved MAPPING MADE EASY -2020 WORLD MAPPING- NCERT BASED Africa-Physiography: 11 Page Aspire IASThe name associated with excellence 10/70 Old Rajeneder Nagar N.Delhi www.aspireias.com 8010068998/9999801394 ©2020 ASPIRE IAS.
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