Covers a Small Comparisons of Supertree and Supermatrix Area with Steep Slopes on Hillsides but Still Has Approaches
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Howea Forsteriana: Kentia Palm1 Samar Shawaqfeh and Timothy Broschat2
ENH456 Howea forsteriana: Kentia Palm1 Samar Shawaqfeh and Timothy Broschat2 The kentia palm, also known as the sentry palm, is native to Lord Howe Island off the east coast of Australia. It is a slow growing palm that can reach 40 feet in height with a spread of 6–10 feet (Figure 1). It has single slender trunk, 5–6 inches in diameter, that is dark green when young but turns brown as it ages and is exposed to sun. The trunk is attractively ringed with the scars of shed fronds. Leaves are pinnate, or feather-shaped, about 7 ft long, with unarmed petioles 3–4 feet in length. The kentia palm is considered one of the best interior palms for its durability and elegant appearance (Figure 2). The dark green graceful crown of up to three dozen leaves gives it a tropical appearance. Con- tainerized palms can be used on a deck or patio in a shady location or the palm can be planted into the landscape. Kentia palms prefer shade to partial shade but still can adapt to full sun if planted outside. This species can tolerate temperatures of 100°F if not in direct sun. Kentia palms prefer coastal southern California rather than areas like southern Florida or Hawaii because high temperatures, humidity, and rainfall are poorly tolerated. Kentia palms Figure 1. Mature kentia palm in the landscape. Credits: T. K. Broschat are considered to be moderately tolerant of salt spray and can tolerate cold down to 25°F, making them suitable for Kentia palm requires some sun exposure to produce its growing in USDA plant hardiness zones 9b (25–30°F) to creamy flowers. -
Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific
Chapter 4 Genetic Variation and Agronomic Features of Metroxylon Palms in Asia and Pacific Hiroshi Ehara Abstract Fourteen genera among three subfamilies in the Arecaceae family are known to produce starch in the trunk. The genus Metroxylon is the most productive among them and is classified into section Metroxylon including only one species, M. sagu (sago palm: called the true sago palm), distributed in Southeast Asia and Melanesia and section Coelococcus consisting of M. amicarum in Micronesia, M. salomonense and M. vitiense in Melanesia, M. warburgii in Melanesia and Polynesia, and M. paulcoxii in Polynesia. In sago palm, a relationship between the genetic distance and geographical distribution of populations was found as the result of a random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. A smaller genetic variation of sago palm in the western part than in the eastern part of the Malay Archipelago was also found, which indicated that the more genetically varied populations are distributed in the eastern area and are possibly divided into four broad groups. Metroxylon warburgii has a smaller trunk than sago palm, but the trunk length of M. salomonense, M. vitiense, and M. amicarum is comparable to or longer than that of sago palm. Their leaves are important as building and houseware material, and the hard endosperm of M. amicarum and M. warburgii seeds is utilized as craftwork material. Preemergent young leaves around the growing point of M. vitiense are utilized as a vegetable. Regarding starch yield, palms in Coelococcus are all low in the dry matter and pith starch content as compared with sago palm. For this reason, M. -
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors
Hiroshi Ehara · Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Sago Palm Hiroshi Ehara • Yukio Toyoda Dennis V. Johnson Editors Sago Palm Multiple Contributions to Food Security and Sustainable Livelihoods Editors Hiroshi Ehara Yukio Toyoda Applied Social System Institute of Asia; College of Tourism International Cooperation Center for Rikkyo University Agricultural Education Niiza, Saitama, Japan Nagoya University Nagoya, Japan Dennis V. Johnson Cincinnati, OH, USA ISBN 978-981-10-5268-2 ISBN 978-981-10-5269-9 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5269-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017954957 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2018, corrected publication 2018. This book is an open access publication. Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. -
SEP 1988 Issn-0728-1801 RW!
. SEP 1988 IssN-0728-1801 RW!. f!11C II* ASSOCIATED SOCIETIES FOR GRO'tIING AUSTRALIAN PLANTS F INDIG5VOUS CYCAD, ZAMIAD AND PALM STUDY GROUP NO. @ Leader: Len P. Butt - Phone No. 07 - 8483515 Asst: Brian Runnegar - Phone No. 07 - 2861164 My grateful thznks to the very few who ackno7>:ledged receipt of the data sheet enclosed in the la,st nev:sletter, and encourased by this we are enclosing mother in this one. The photos in this issue are taken by a real active member Irene Champion. She goes at least once a year into the field around the Mt. Surprise area among the gem fields. This cycas which we call "Blue Surprisen nas named so by Irene Champion and until we got more botanical data to compare it with other blue foliaged cycas, the name suffices. $ I As no one even in the large society PACSOA, has as yet eiven -- any data on the "Glen Idlett cycas, it is quite impossible to judge between the similarities of these two. If any member hows just where mature specimen of the latter is I v:ould be grateful if our data sheet could be used. Bearing in mind that this is the function of this group, not just to sit back and receive information.from active members. All I ask, is that you take and use the data sheet if around any cycad or zamiad and then return it to me. *x***x********* Yearly subscriptions of $4.50 is now overdue since June for at least half of our group. Please correct this at earliest date. -
Will Climate Change, Genetic and Demographic Variation Or Rat Predation Pose the Greatest Risk for Persistence of an Altitudinally Distributed Island Endemic?
Biology 2012, 1, 736-765; doi:10.3390/biology1030736 OPEN ACCESS biology ISSN 2079-7737 www.mdpi.com/journal/biology Article Will Climate Change, Genetic and Demographic Variation or Rat Predation Pose the Greatest Risk for Persistence of an Altitudinally Distributed Island Endemic? Catherine Laura Simmons 1, Tony D. Auld 2, Ian Hutton 3, William J. Baker 4 and Alison Shapcott 1,* 1 Faculty of Science Health, Education and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, QLD 4558, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 2 Office of Environment and Heritage (NSW), P.O. Box 1967 Hurstville, NSW 2220, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 P.O. Box 157, Lord Howe Island, NSW 2898, Australia; E-Mail: [email protected] 4 Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AB, UK; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +61-7-5430-1211; Fax: +61-7-5430-2881. Received: 3 September 2012; in revised form: 29 October 2012 / Accepted: 16 November 2012 / Published: 23 November 2012 Abstract: Species endemic to mountains on oceanic islands are subject to a number of existing threats (in particular, invasive species) along with the impacts of a rapidly changing climate. The Lord Howe Island endemic palm Hedyscepe canterburyana is restricted to two mountains above 300 m altitude. Predation by the introduced Black Rat (Rattus rattus) is known to significantly reduce seedling recruitment. We examined the variation in Hedyscepe in terms of genetic variation, morphology, reproductive output and demographic structure, across an altitudinal gradient. -
Doc De Projet PCNC V4
Document de projet Programme de Conservation des Palmiers et des Conifères en Nouvelle-Calédonie © M. Rossi Noé conservation Sommaire A propos de Noé Conservation ......................................................................................................................... 1 Contexte ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 La biodiversité : érosion à l’échelle planétaire .............................................................................................. 1 La Nouvelle-Calédonie : un haut lieu mondial de biodiversité ..................................................................... 1 Pourquoi cibler les Palmiers et Conifères ? ....................................................................................................... 2 Objectifs de conservation .................................................................................................................................. 2 Historique du programme ................................................................................................................................. 3 Une stratégie en cinq composantes .................................................................................................................. 3 Améliorer les connaissances ......................................................................................................................... 3 Conserver les espèces menacées ................................................................................................................. -
Journal of the International Palm Society Vol. 46(3) Ausust 2002
Journalof the InternationalPalm Society vol.46(3) Ausust 2002 THE INTERNATIONALPALM SOCIETY,INC. The International Palm Society ,*:ff #:lil:H,t}ffili'1"* An illustrated,peer-reviewed quarterly devoled to intormationabout palms and publishedin March,June, i|il',"t*nfi*,nr:#;?Jt,',""',::r""" Septemberand Decemberby The InternationalPalm nationalin scopewith worldwidemembership, ";i:l#'i,'and t-hen' Socielr Sl0 EasL1oth St.,P.O. Box 1897,Lawrence, l;il::il;i ::#il i,"J i::i',:i:5:"fi :iJ Kansas66044-8897, USA. Editors: JohnDransfield, Herbarium, Royal Botanic ,."^.i".;:*,^"';"ilfi::+il;'d$I*;n :5t Cardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3AE.United [: Kingdom,e-mail [email protected], - tel.44- I Si-ZIZ-SZZS,Fax 44-1 81 -332-SZtg. ScoltZona, Fairchild Tropical Carden, 11935 Old Cutler Cables(Miami), Florida 33156, USA, e-mail :H:il"."-""',',' r':::*:,,"" Road,Coral 1-3 05-66 7-165 1exr Texas77061 , USA,e-mail [email protected], tel. yf,li?,lTil3g:;:;lr3!l,.' ;:::::;::1,, o,,,craf,,Po B.x 500041, Associate Editor: NatalieUhl, 467 Mannlibrary, CornellUniversity, lthaca. New York14853, USA, e-mail y;fjf#; 1-607-257 -0885. lit:11?,iliti*i i:fl 1,, "' [email protected],tel. l?ilj'i,:li"T ifl,T; [Ti' ;',1 I li,,?,';, l,]J.?#i' Supplement Editor: JimCain, 124i8 SLaffordSprings, [email protected],Lel.6i -7-3800-5526. ffiH::1.:"63: Ijl ii;Yiti i ]i\. uun.,0,u Gorresponding Secretary: Don Kurth, 10569 Apple ^" Garden Editor: LvnnMcKamev. Rhapis Cardens, P.O. **; liT,iSH.ilillll I :JJ,llnf il'ul [ Box 287,Cregory, Texas Za:SS, USn. -
A Comparison of Hispine Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Associated with Three Orders of Monocot Host Plants in Lowland Panama
International Journal of Tropical Insect Science Vol. 27, No. 3/4, pp. 159-171, 2008 DOI: 10.1017/S1742758407864071 © icipe 2008 A comparison of hispine beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) associated with three orders of monocot host plants in lowland Panama Christophe Meskens1*, Donald Windsor2 and Thierry Hance1 1 Unite d'Ecologie et de Biogeographie, Biodiversity Research Centre, Universite catholique de Louvain, 4-5, Place Croix du Sud, Louvain-la- Neuve 1348, Belgium: ^Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama (Accepted 17 October 2007) Abstract. The feeding traces in fossil ginger leaves and the conserved phylogenetic relationships seen today in certain clades of hispine beetles on their monocot hosts point towards a long and intimate plant-insect evolutionary relationship. Studies in the 1970s and 1980s documented the rich fauna of rolled-leaf hispine beetles and their association with the Neotropical monocot family Heliconiaceae in Central America. In this report, the taxonomic breadth of these early studies is expanded to include species in the families, Marantaceae, Poaceae, Arecaceae and Costaceae, all with species occurring sympatrically with the Heliconiaceae in lowland Panama. Additionally, the analysis is widened to include open-leaf scraping and internal leaf-mining clades of hispoid Cassidinae. The censuses add more than 5080 Cassidinae herbivore occurrence records on both open and unfurled new leaf rolls of 4600 individual plants. Cluster analysis reveals that while many Hispinae species tend to group with plant species in only one of the three monocot orders, 9 of 16 Hispinae species on Zingiberales hosts were recorded in substantial numbers on both the Heliconiaceae and the Marantaceae, indicating an underlying pattern of feeding flexibility at the host plant family level. -
The Island Rule and Its Application to Multiple Plant Traits
The island rule and its application to multiple plant traits Annemieke Lona Hedi Hendriks A thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Ecology and Biodiversity Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand 2019 ii “The larger the island of knowledge, the longer the shoreline of wonder” Ralph W. Sockman. iii iv General Abstract Aim The Island Rule refers to a continuum of body size changes where large mainland species evolve to become smaller and small species evolve to become larger on islands. Previous work focuses almost solely on animals, with virtually no previous tests of its predictions on plants. I tested for (1) reduced floral size diversity on islands, a logical corollary of the island rule and (2) evidence of the Island Rule in plant stature, leaf size and petiole length. Location Small islands surrounding New Zealand; Antipodes, Auckland, Bounty, Campbell, Chatham, Kermadec, Lord Howe, Macquarie, Norfolk, Snares, Stewart and the Three Kings. Methods I compared the morphology of 65 island endemics and their closest ‘mainland’ relative. Species pairs were identified. Differences between archipelagos located at various latitudes were also assessed. Results Floral sizes were reduced on islands relative to the ‘mainland’, consistent with predictions of the Island Rule. Plant stature, leaf size and petiole length conformed to the Island Rule, with smaller plants increasing in size, and larger plants decreasing in size. Main conclusions Results indicate that the conceptual umbrella of the Island Rule can be expanded to plants, accelerating understanding of how plant traits evolve on isolated islands. -
Supplementary Material Saving Rainforests in the South Pacific
Australian Journal of Botany 65, 609–624 © CSIRO 2017 http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/BT17096_AC Supplementary material Saving rainforests in the South Pacific: challenges in ex situ conservation Karen D. SommervilleA,H, Bronwyn ClarkeB, Gunnar KeppelC,D, Craig McGillE, Zoe-Joy NewbyA, Sarah V. WyseF, Shelley A. JamesG and Catherine A. OffordA AThe Australian PlantBank, The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mount Annan, NSW 2567, Australia. BThe Australian Tree Seed Centre, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. CSchool of Natural and Built Environments, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia DBiodiversity, Macroecology and Conservation Biogeography Group, Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. EInstitute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222 Palmerston North 4474, New Zealand. FRoyal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, RH17 6TN, United Kingdom. GNational Herbarium of New South Wales, The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia. HCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Table S1 (below) comprises a list of seed producing genera occurring in rainforest in Australia and various island groups in the South Pacific, along with any available information on the seed storage behaviour of species in those genera. Note that the list of genera is not exhaustive and the absence of a genus from a particular island group simply means that no reference was found to its occurrence in rainforest habitat in the references used (i.e. the genus may still be present in rainforest or may occur in that locality in other habitats). As the definition of rainforest can vary considerably among localities, for the purpose of this paper we considered rainforests to be terrestrial forest communities, composed largely of evergreen species, with a tree canopy that is closed for either the entire year or during the wet season. -
Republic of Fiji: the State of the World's Forest Genetic Resources
REPUBLIC OF FIJI This country report is prepared as a contribution to the FAO publication, The Report on the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources. The content and the structure are in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines given by FAO in the document Guidelines for Preparation of Country Reports for the State of the World’s Forest Genetic Resources (2010). These guidelines set out recommendations for the objective, scope and structure of the country reports. Countries were requested to consider the current state of knowledge of forest genetic diversity, including: Between and within species diversity List of priority species; their roles and values and importance List of threatened/endangered species Threats, opportunities and challenges for the conservation, use and development of forest genetic resources These reports were submitted to FAO as official government documents. The report is presented on www. fao.org/documents as supportive and contextual information to be used in conjunction with other documentation on world forest genetic resources. The content and the views expressed in this report are the responsibility of the entity submitting the report to FAO. FAO may not be held responsible for the use which may be made of the information contained in this report. STATE OF THE FOREST GENETIC RESOURCES IN FIJI Department of Forests Ministry of Fisheries and Forests for The Republic of Fiji Islands and the Secreatriat of Pacific Communities (SPC) State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Contents Executve Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 5 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 6 Chapter 1: The Current State of the Forest Genetic Resources in Fiji ………………………………………………………………….……. -
Wendland's Palms
Wendland’s Palms Hermann Wendland (1825 – 1903) of Herrenhausen Gardens, Hannover: his contribution to the taxonomy and horticulture of the palms ( Arecaceae ) John Leslie Dowe Published by the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin as Englera 36 Serial publication of the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin November 2019 Englera is an international monographic series published at irregular intervals by the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin (BGBM), Freie Universität Berlin. The scope of Englera is original peer-reviewed material from the entire fields of plant, algal and fungal taxonomy and systematics, also covering related fields such as floristics, plant geography and history of botany, provided that it is monographic in approach and of considerable volume. Editor: Nicholas J. Turland Production Editor: Michael Rodewald Printing and bookbinding: Laserline Druckzentrum Berlin KG Englera online access: Previous volumes at least three years old are available through JSTOR: https://www.jstor.org/journal/englera Englera homepage: https://www.bgbm.org/englera Submission of manuscripts: Before submitting a manuscript please contact Nicholas J. Turland, Editor of Englera, Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin- Luise-Str. 6 – 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] Subscription: Verlagsauslieferung Soyka, Goerzallee 299, 14167 Berlin, Germany; e-mail: kontakt@ soyka-berlin.de; https://shop.soyka-berlin.de/bgbm-press Exchange: BGBM Press, Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 6 – 8, 14195 Berlin, Germany; e-mail: [email protected] © 2019 Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin All rights (including translations into other languages) reserved.