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Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11014-4 - Pericles and the Conquest of History: A Political Biography Loren J. Samons II Index More information

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Academy 64, 247 Archilochus 43 Achilles 21, 43, 44, 163, 177, 197, 278 archon, archonship 18, 34, 35, 56, 61, 65, 81, 222 acropolis 27, 34, 39, 40, 42, 64, 92, 98, 120, 164, Areopagus Council 65, 81–82, 83, 84, 222 183–185, 193, 201 arete, aretai 5, 11, 44, 100, 157, 159, 160, 161, 162, Aegina 24, 45, 105, 106, 107, 123, 137, 139, 149, 175, 186, 197, 202, 213 156, 165, 276 Argos, Argives 21, 23, 26, 50, 55, 80, 83, 104, 113, Aeschylus 43, 66, 133, 192, 289 134, 152, 263 Eumenides 68, 83–84 Ariphron 239, 242 Persians 66–68 Aristeides 62, 262 political views of 68, 83–84, 248 aristocrats 18, 19, 30, 31, 35, 43, 58, 88, 90, 113, Agamemnon 21, 83, 197 164, 187, 188, 198, 221, 245 Agariste of Athens 34, 35, 36, 37, 42, Aristophanes 143–145, 198, 206 107, 191 Acharnians 143 Agariste of Sicyon 34 Knights 207 Agesilaus 212, 216 Peace 144 agora 42, 64, 94, 137, 141, 183, 186 Aristotle 65, 78, 81, 82, 83, 87, 90, Ajax 12, 13, 21, 55 215, 223 Alcibiades 8, 118, 174, 183, 214–215, Artemis 54 225, 262 Aspasia 2, 129, 130, 131, 144, 178, Alexander the Great 109, 212, 216 193, 267 Alkmeonids 19, 30, 34–39, 42, 56, 58, 60, 65, 68, assembly 19, 80, 81, 85, 91, 95, 98, 106, 118, 131, 84, 89, 107, 113, 138, 191, 238, 243, 244, 136, 143, 149, 156, 167, 186, 191, 194, 214, 245, 248, 262 220, 221–223, 301 Amazons 22, 200 Athena 26, 27, 28, 40, 42, 84 anagke 195 the Healer 193, 194 Anaxagoras 131, 182, 187, 192–195, 200 Nike 183, 200 Antikles 120, 121 Parthenos 27, 92, 164, 199, 200 Antiphon 174, 282 Polias 286 Apollo 28, 38, 84 Promachos 92, 184 arbitration 123, 139, 146, 150–151 treasury of 27, 86, 92, 98, 178, 255 Archestratos 120 Atreids 22 Archidamus 47–48 autochthony 22–24, 30, 157, 234

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© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-11014-4 - Pericles and the Conquest of History: A Political Biography Loren J. Samons II Index More information

324 | Index

biography 1–2 Cyprus 54, 91, 110–111, 116 Black Sea 48, 128, 134, 219 Cyrus 173 Boeotia 106, 118, 123 Bosworth, A. B. 162 Damon 87, 131, 198–199, 200, 278 boule: see Council of 500 Danaids 22 building projects 18, 20 Danube 56–57 Kimonian 64, 92, 183 Darius 56 Peisistratid 18, 40, 64 Deianeira 129 Periclean 20, 27, 29, 39, 64, 91–95, 124, 183, Delian League 28, 61–64, 69, 124 194, 199, 207, 208 treasury of 28, 62, 86, 92, 95, 98, 108, 259 debate over 91–95 Delos 17, 28, 61 Delphi 26, 27, 28, 37, 46, 141 Cadmus 22 Demeter 26 cavalry 155, 276 democracy, demokratia 22, 29, 30, 31, 35, 82, 86, centaurs 200 88, 128, 142, 157, 163, 165, 171, 173, 185, Cephalus 183 205, 208, 209, 216–217, 221–223, 226, 286, Chalkis 17, 126, 128 287 decree concerning 119–123 imposition of 117, 130, 131 Charinos 137 Demosthenes 214, 216 Chersonese 13, 16, 48, 55, 56, 57, 58, 89, 122, 128, Dikaiopolis 143 134–137, 219 dikastai: see jurors Chios 117, 165 Diodorus Siculus 111, 227, 244, 255 choregos, choregia 66, 248, 249 Diodotos 225 chorus 43 Diomedes 21 Cicero 215, 216 Dionysia 98, 184, 188 citizens, citizenship 13, 19, 20, 24, 85, 98, 119, Diopeithes 290 159, 160, 161, 167, 297 Dipylon gate 183 numbers of in Athens 86 Dodona 26 citizenship law 24, 88–90, 109, 220, 254 dokimasia 81 Cleisthenes of Athens 30, 34, 35, 36, 37, 56, 65, Dolopians 97 78, 82, 221, 230, 238 Dorians 24, 25, 42, 76, 80, 106 Cleisthenes of Sicyon 34, 35, 89, 107 Doris 106 Cleon 8, 174, 194, 206, 224, 225, 278, 279, 285 doxa 100, 170, 177, 208, 256, 296 cleruchs, cleruchies 118, 128, 189, 264, 267 Drakon 34 Clytemnestra 83 Drakontides 119, 284 colonization, colonists 12, 27, 72, 100, 118, 126, 127, 128, 134, 151, 156, 186, 189, 207, 264, earthquake 79, 104, 124 266 Egypt 111 comedy 2, 43, 84, 129, 131, 166, 178, 185, 186, 216, Athenian expedition to 104, 105–108, 134, 174, 267, 268, 285 259 restrictions on 131 Eion 62, 63 Congress Decree 115–116, 220 Eleusis 11, 26, 93, 113, 183 Corcyra 135–137, 152 Elpinike 58, 74, 75, 91, 113, 131, 263 Corinth 24, 27, 50, 104, 106, 121, 125, 126, 128, 132, empire 17, 23, 27, 28, 47, 63, 67, 76, 85, 97, 133, 135 99, 104–125, 130, 137, 146, 147, 152, 155, Council of 500 19, 35, 36, 82, 87, 119, 120, 143, 157, 159, 168, 169, 170, 173, 175, 177, 179, 188, 221–223, 301 180, 189, 203, 207, 208, 211, 212, 213, 217, courts 186, 223 (see also jurors, juries) 218, 225, 231, 257, 299 Crawley, R. 139, 156 (see also imperialism) Crete 21 Second Athenian league/empire 288 Critias 215 Ennea Hodoi 72–73, 151 curse 34, 35, 36, 38, 39, 42, 45, 54, 56, 65, 84, 138, Epaminondas 212, 216 191, 197 ephebes 44, 45

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Ephialtes 65, 79–82, 220, 221 helots 78, 142 Ephorus 2, 111, 115, 227, 272 revolt of 79, 107, 124, 151 Epidamnus 135, 148 Hephaisteion 92, 234 episkopoi 118 Hera 129 Erechtheus 38, 234 Herakleidai 23, 25 Eretria, Eretrians 119, 120, 123, 126 Herakles 21, 22, 23, 25 Euboea 17, 119, 123, 156, 165, 219 Hermippus 166 Eupolis 212 Herodotus 24, 56, 113, 127, 191–192, 195, 198, Euripides 184, 187, 195 203–204 Medea 154 oral recitation of 289 Eurymedon 30, 69–71 publication of 289 euthynai 81, 120, 265 Hipparchus 35, 247 Hippias 18, 34, 35, 37, 245 Fabius Maximus 215 Hippodamus 127 fame (in the future) 160, 163, 164, 169, 170, 175, Hipponikos 68, 113 177, 179, 181, 189, 190, 202, 203, 204, 206, Histiaia 119, 300 207–209, 217–218, 224, 232, 280, 296 (see Homer 23, 31, 43–44, 159, 163, 177, 207 also doxa, kleos) Iliad 13, 21, 177 farms, farmers 18, 45, 67, 79, 85, 139, 140, 142, Odyssey 21 146, 155, 166, 168, 187, 188, 189, 225 homoioi 147 festivals (payments for) 220, 253, 300 hoplites 44, 66, 79, 80, 152, 153, 164, 188, 189, 287 Five Years Truce 90, 109, 110, 118, 152 hostages 120, 122, 130 ﬂeet, Athenian 20, 30, 45, 46, 49, 61, 62, 66, 67, hybris 191, 192 71, 73, 82, 86, 95, 105, 107, 129, 140, 141, 146, 151, 155, 156, 164, 168, 211, 218, 225 Imbros 16 (see also triremes) imperialism 22, 104–125, 133, 264 (see also rowers in 95, 99, 108, 117, 140, 141, 143, 164, empire) 188, 189, 299 impiety 290 fortiﬁcations 118 inspectors: see episkopoi Founders, American 4, 216 Ion of Chios 198 freedom 5, 79 Ionia 118 Furies 84 Ionians 17, 24–25, 28, 30, 31, 40, 42, 47, 50, 51, 56, 57, 61, 76, 123, 126, 129 garrisons 117, 130, 131 Isagoras 36 general, generals, generalship 36, 45, 61, 75, 85, Islam 27 119, 121, 127, 133, 195, 198, 222, 274 Isocrates 111, 212 gods, the divine 169, 187, 191, 192–196, 202, 203, Isodike 58 204–205, 207, 288, 289, 293 Italy 136 Gomme, A. W. 171, 196 Ithaca 21 grain supply 12, 48, 128 Ithome 79, 110 Grote, G. 216 jurors, juries 85, 119 Hadrian 40 payment for 5, 20, 88–90, 95, 99, 116, 124, 189, Halicarnassus 24 207, 213, 220, 223 Hannibal 215 Harmodius (and Aristogeiton) 237 Kalliad family 58, 68, 113, 114, 245, 261–263 (see Hector 43 also Kerykes) Helen 21, 22, 129 Kallias 58, 68, 111–115, 123 heliaia 121, 265 Peace of 111–115, 132, 134, 257, 263, 280 Hellenes 22 Kallias “the Mede” 260, 262 Hellenotamiai 28, 195 Kallias the younger 183 treasury of 106, 255 Karystos 62, 63 Hellespont 12, 17, 48, 63, 212 Kerameikos 183

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Kerykes 58, 113, 236, 261 Megara 12–13, 24, 34, 104, 107, 122, 123, 137, 152, Kimon 25, 55–76, 85, 99, 107, 133, 134, 151, 153, 156, 165, 219 216 decree concerning (Megarian Decree) 137, birth 57, 89 139, 141, 142–146, 148, 149, 220, 270, 272 Cyprus expedition 91 war with Athenians 12–13 death 99, 111, 114 Meiggs, R. 106 Ephialtes, opposition to 79–81 Melos, Melian Dialogue 122, 171, 179 family: see Kimonids Menelaus 197 ﬁne on Miltiades paid 58 Menestheus 13 Five Years Truce 90, 110, 152 mercenaries 213, 297 generalship as model for Pericles 85, 222 metics (resident aliens) 89, 141 generosity 64, 87 Metiochos 57 imperialism 97 Miletus 129 marriages 58, 60, 243, 246 Miltiades 16, 48, 55–57, 58, 60, 63, 73, 89, 108, ostracism 81, 83, 87, 101, 104, 134, 151 223, 275 returns from ostracism 90–91, 110, 220 Miltiades (the elder) 13 prosecuted in 463 60, 223 mines 12, 17, 20–21, 30, 45, 63, 71, 72, 86, 183 Spartan expedition 79–81 Mycale 47, 48, 67 Thucydides Melesiou, relation to 91 Mycenae 21, 83 Kimon the elder (Koalemos) 55 Myronides 90, 255 Kimonids 12, 13, 16, 48, 55–57, 68, 113, 243, 244, mysteries (of Demeter and Kore) 11, 26 (see also 245, 262 Eleusis) Kleinias 118 Mytilene 178 kleos 5, 11, 44, 163, 224, 241 Koroneia 118 nationalism 30, 171, 176, 201, 217, 280 (see also Kylon 34, 89 Pericles: nationalist views) Naxos 17, 63, 69, 73, 97, 112, 117, 151 Lakedaimonios 25, 75 Neleids 238 Lampon 193, 194, 290, 291 Nike 92 lamprotes 170, 175, 177 Nikias 46, 75, 97, 174, 183, 284 Lapiths 200 nomos 195, 292 laws (unwritten) 158, 196, 203, 213, 215, 292 Lemnos 16, 122 oaths 119–121 Leontinoi 128, 134 Odeion 92, 183, 294, 300 Leotychides 48 Odysseus 21, 43, 197 Lesbos 165, 178 Oinoe 275 Locris 156 Oinophyta 106 lot, lottery 19, 35, 61, 81, 86, 188, 221, 222, 223 oligarchia 221 Lucullus 216 Olympia 26, 27, 38, 141 Lydia 24, 42 Olympic games 43 lyric poetry 43 Olympos 26 Lysias 213 Orestes 83 Lysicles 178 ostracism 32–33, 36, 37, 38, 39, 45, 51, 54, 58, 61, 65, 66, 83, 101, 110, 124, 127, 131, 199, 200 Macedon 12, 48, 73–74 Mantineia 179 Panathenaia 27, 98, 220 Marathon 189 panhellenism 251, 266 battle of 16, 30, 37, 39, 42, 44, 46, 55, 138, 275 Paralus 69, 166 marketplace: see agora Paros 55, 58, 108 McConville, B. 29 Parthenon 92, 96, 115, 116, 131, 144, 164, 182, 183, medism 104, 114 184–185, 199–201, 255 Megacles 37, 38, 42, 43 frieze 184–185, 200–201, 294 Megacles (the elder) 34, 35 metopes 200

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pediments 200 Peloponnesian War (role in provoking) Patroklos 44 148–153 Pausanias 53–54, 61, 138 political views 87, 89, 94, 100 payments to public 87, 88, 99–102, 133, 213 (see powers (extraordinary?) 301 also jury payment, festival payment) psychology of 38, 39, 42, 46, 47, 51, 180, 181 versus military expenditures 214, 253 religious attitude 39, 169, 180, 192, 193–195, Peace of 421 (Peace of Nikias) 179 196, 203–205, 213, 291, 295 pederasty 198 Renaissance and 4, 229 Peiraeus 40, 94, 106, 127, 155, 183, 220 Samian War 130, 219, 220 Peisistratids 13, 16, 17–20, 30, 35, 36, 37, 40, 42, 48, sexual attitudes 198, 279 55, 56, 57, 58, 95, 113, 238, 245, 261, 262 sharp tongue 74 Peisistratus 13, 17–20, 28, 31, 34, 35, 65, 66, 89 sons 166 Pelasgians 22, 23 Sparta (hostility toward) 90, 138–139 Peloponnesian League 269 strategy, strategic ideas 46, 49–50, 105, 133, Peloponnesian War: see Spartans 142–143, 145, 146, 147, 152, 155–156, 166, First Peloponnesian War 103–124 172, 173, 174, 215, 264, 280 outbreak of 135–153 Themistocles influences 68, 248 Periander 135 womanizer (reputation as) 74, 193, 198 Pericles passim women (attitudes toward) 277 “Age of Pericles” as concept 4, 228 youth 39–44, 51 appearance 8, 252 Pericles (the younger) 178 Aspasia (relation to) 129, 267 Persia, Persians 17, 24, 28, 29, 36, 37, 40, 42, 54, Athenian insecurity (plays on) 147, 150, 218 55, 57, 62, 63, 69, 79, 86, 91, 96, 104, 105, Athens special / superior 147 (see also 108, 111, 184, 191, 245, 262 nationalist views) Persian Wars 17, 20, 25, 29, 30, 40, 45–51, 84, 104, birth 35, 239, 248 107–116, 142, 152 bribes Spartan king? 119, 124 Phaleron 26, 40 choregos 66 Pheidias 131, 144–145, 199–201 citizenship law 88–90 Philaeus 12–13, 55, 244 death 4, 178–181 Philaids 13, 16, 55, 244 (see also Kimonids) demagogic period? 84–102 Philip of Macedon 88, 101, 108, 109, 214 Egypt expedition (opposes?) 105, Phoenicia, Phoenicians 69, 116, 263 108, 124 Phokis 106, 123 Ephialtes’ reforms (role in) 83 Phrynichus 243 Euboea reduced 119 physis 195, 292 fame (view of Athens’ future): see fame Pindar 37, 38, 43 fined 172, 177 pirates 97 Funeral Oration (of 431/0) 6, 8, 156–167, 175, plague 155, 165–169, 170, 178, 192, 197, 204 176, 185, 186, 190, 193, 201, 202, 208, 226; Plataea (battle of) 30, 47, 53 of 440/39 101, 132, 193, 194 Plato 85, 97, 187, 198, 202, 207, 213 general 85 Apology 202 jury pay (proposes) 85–88 Timaeus 234 Kimon (prosecutes) 60, 69, 73–75, 83; secret Plutarch 1–4, 54, 66, 78, 83, 91, 94, 95, 115, 207, agreement with? 91, 110; serves as model 215–216, 227 95 divides Pericles’ career into phases 84–85, marriage (first) 58, 68 215, 252, 258 military service, career 44–50, 66, 106, 123, Pompey 125, 216 124, 130, 156, 219, 299 Poseidon 93, 200 nationalist views 146, 164, 171, 175, 201, 218, Poteidaia 137, 139, 152, 156, 167 225, 280 praise (perpetual): see fame oratorical skills 101 Priene 130 Peisistratus (resemblance to) 65–66, 247, proboulos, probouloi 195, 259, 292 serves as model 95 Propylaia 92, 183

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Protagoras 127, 182, 183, 186, 201–203 Stesimbrotus 2, 95, 100, 101 proxenoi 118 strategos, strategoi: see general prytaneis 119, 264 suppliants 25–26, 29, 34, 54 Psammetichus 257 Susa 111, 113, 114 Pylos 179, 238 Sybaris 127, 137 Pyrrhus 216 synoicism 11, 22, 122, 126 Syracuse 128, 179 Raaﬂaub, K. xiii, 78 rationalism 39 Tanagra 82, 106, 152 Renaissance 4 tax, taxes 18, 120, 122 reputation: see fame property tax 178 revolution (of 411) 101, 175, 185, 196;of404 101, tax base reduced 117 185 Thasos 71–73, 97, 122, 151 Rhegion 128, 134 Thebes, Thebans 21, 23, 26, 42, 50, 106, 107, 129, Rhodes, P. J. 78 152 Themistocles 45, 46, 53–55, 60, 67–68, 83, 151, Sacred War 219 174, 222, 243 Sacred Way 183 theorika: see festivals (payments for) Salamis 12, 13, 21, 104, 122 Thermopylae 50 battle of 30, 53, 67 Theseus 21–22, 29, 31, 64, 233 Samos 112, 129, 136, 153, 165 thesmothetai 121, 265 Scipio Africanus 216 Thessaly, Thessalians 50, 80, 104 Scythia, Scythians 56 Thirty Years Peace 123, 124, 129, 135, 137, 139, 141, secular sphere 27 150–151, 152, 153, 265 Sestos 48 Thrace 12, 17, 56 Sicily 75, 101, 109, 126, 128, 136, 173, 179, 191, 195, Thucydides 2, 4–8, 39, 138, 148–150, 208–209 212 causes of Peloponnesian War 148–150, 176, 273 Sicyon 34, 106, 219 composition of history 173–177, 212, 271, 281, Sigeion 12, 13, 16, 122 284, 296 silver: see mines defense / epitaph of Pericles (2.65) 4, 84, Sinope 128, 220 170–177, 194, 208, 211, 217 Skyros 62, 63, 64, 97, 122, 151 political views 170–171, 280, 282 slaves, slavery 62, 79, 139, 142, 169, 183, 224 religious views 193, 204–205, 289, 295 Socrates 164, 182, 183, 186, 187, 202, 215, 278, 286 Sparta (time in) 101 Solon 13, 31, 34, 213 speeches in 6–8, 138, 147, 149, 150, 162, 170, sophists 186, 194, 199, 215, 286, 287 176, 224–226, 229, 280, 287 Sophocles 133, 182, 184, 186, 192, 195–198, view of Pericles changes 176–177, 252, 283 203–204, 215, 289 Thucydides son of Melesias 91–101, 114, 117, 124, Ajax 196–197 127, 133, 215, 266 Antigone 186, 196 Thucydides (unidentiﬁed) 133 general 195 Thurii 127–128, 134, 202 hellenotamias 195 timber 12, 72 Oedipus Rex 196, 197–198 time, timai 44, 100, 143, 157, 162, 169, 190, 197, political views 133, 196, 197, 292 272 proboulos 195 Tolmides 90, 255 Sounion 93 tragedy 43, 186, 190 Sparta, Spartans 21, 23, 24, 26, 28, 30, 35, 36, 38, treason 37, 38, 39, 43, 45, 51, 54, 55, 58, 73, 191 42, 47, 48, 50, 54, 55, 61, 73, 75, 76, 78–81, tribute 69, 73, 86, 97, 98, 106, 114, 116, 117, 118, 82, 84, 90, 97, 101, 103, 104–125, 129, 132, 119, 125, 129, 130, 137, 151, 165, 179, 184, 133, 134–153, 154–156, 158, 164, 166, 170, 186, 187, 201 172, 174, 179, 181, 190, 205, 206, 211, 212, quota paid to Athena 98 216, 224, 225 tribute suspended (?) / missing tribute list 263 Stadter, P. 180, 213 trierarch 188

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trireme 45, 46, 105, 187, 188, 189, 287 (see also Xanthippus 32–37, 42, 47, 48, 58, 60, 66, 73, 239, ﬂeet) 242, 246 Trojan War 13, 21, 22, 43, 44, 67 Xanthippus (the younger) 69, 166, 202 tyrants, tyranny 13, 17, 20, 30, 31, 34, 35, 36, 37, marriage to Kimonid 69 48, 55, 56, 57, 96, 107, 122, 138, 169, 175, xenia 47, 48, 242 180, 187, 203, 225, 287 Xenophon 214 Xerxes 45, 48, 49, 54 Wade-Gery, H. T. 109 welfare 85 Zeus 26, 40, 120