MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR VOLUME 7 a JANUARY 1987 a NUMBER 1

Aaron J. Shatkin, Editor in Chief(1990) Paul S. Sypherd, Editor (1990) N.J. Center for Advanced University of Biotechnology and Medicine Irvine Piscataway, N.J. Louis Siminovitch, Editor (1990) Mount Sinai Hospital Robert Tjian, Editor (1991) Harvey F. Lodish, Editor (1991) Toronto, Canada University of California Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Berkeley Research Joan A. Steitz, Editor (1990) Cambridge, Mass. Yale University Harold E. Varmus, Editor (1989) New Haven, Conn. University of California David J. L. Luck, Editor (1987) Rockefeller University , N.Y.

EDITORIAL BOARD Frederick W. Alt (1987) Jack F. Greenblatt (1988) Steven McKnight (1989) Matthew P. Scott (1989) Arnold J. Berk (1988) Leonard P. Guarente (1988) Janet E. Mertz (1987) Fred Sherman (1988) Alan Bernstein (1987) Christine Guthrie (1989) Robert L. Metzenberg (1988) Arthur Skoultchi (1988) Barbara K. Birshtein (1987) James E. Haber (1987) Robert K. Mortimer (1988) Barbara Sollner-Webb (1989) J. Michael Bishop (1987) Hidesaburo Hanafusa (1989) Paul Neiman (1989) Frank Solomon (1988) Michael R. Botchan (1987) Ari Helenius (1987) Joseph R. Nevins (1987) Karen Sprague (1989) (1987) (1987) Carol Newlon (1988) Pamela Stanley (1988) Bruce P. Brandhorst (1987) James B. flicks (1989) Brad Ozanne (1989) Nat Sternberg (1989) James R. Broach (1988) Alan Hinnebusch (1988) Harvey L. Ozer (1988) Bruce Stillman (1988) Joan Brugge (1988) Michael J. Holland (1987) Mary Lou Pardue (1988) Kevin Struhl (1989) Mario R. Capecchi (1987) Greg Hollis (1987) Carl S. Parker (1987) Bill Sugden (1988) John A. Carbon (1987) Anita K. Hopper (1988) Ira H. Pastan (1988) Lawrence H. Thompson (1988) Marian Carlson (1989) Peter M. Howley (1988) David Patterson (1988) Shirley M. Tilghman (1987) Lawrence A. Chasin (1988) Tony Hunter (1989) Gianni Piperno (1988) Geoffrey Wahl (1989) Nam-Hai Chua (1988) Larry Kedes (1988) John R. Pringle (1988) Jonathan R. Warner (1987) Don W. Cleveland (1987) Robert S. Kerbel (1988) Jean-Paul Revel (1988) Alan M. Weiner (1987) Christopher Coleclough 1987) Daniel Klessig (1989) Daniel B. Rifkin (1988) Harold Weintraub (1988) Terrance G. Cooper (1987) Barbara Knowles (1989) G. S. Roeder (1988) Reed B. Wickner (1988) Elizabeth A. Craig (1988) Marilyn Kozak (1988) Robert G. Roeder (1988) Fred Winston (1988) James E. Dahlberg (1987) Monty Krieger (1989) Naomi E. Rosenberg (1988) Owen Witte (1988) James E. Darnell, Jr. (1988) Susan Lindquist (1987) Norman P. Salzman (1988) Elton T. Young (1987) G. N. Godson (1987) Stuart M. Linn (1989) Paul Schedl (1987) Michael Young (1988) Steve Goff (1989) Paul T. Magee (1988) Randy W. Schekman (1988) Edward Ziff (1988) Michael Green (1988) James Manley (1989) Milton J. Schlesinger (1989) Helen R. Whiteley, Chairman, Publications Board Kirk Jensen, Director of Publications Linda M. Ihig, Managing Editor, Journals Linda M. Illig, Production Editor Molecular and Cellular Biology (ISSN 0270-7306) is devoted to the advancement and dissemination offundamental knowledge concerning the of eucaryotic cells, of both microbial and higher organisms. Instructions to authors are published in the January issue each year; reprints are available from the editors and the Publications Department. The journal is published monthly, one volume per year. The nonmember subscription price is $280 per year; single copies are $25. The member subscription price is $43 (foreign $57 [surface rate]) per year; single copies are $8. Correspondence relating to subscriptions, reprints, defective copies, availability of back issues, lost or late proofs, disposition of submitted manuscripts, and general editorial matters should be directed to the ASM Publications Department, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006 (area 202 833-9680). Claims for missing issues from residents of the United States, Canada, and Mexico must be submitted within 3 months after publication of the issues; residents of all other countries must submit claims within 6 months of publication of the issues. Claims for issues missing because offailure to report an address change or for issues "missing from files" will not be allowed. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC 20006, and at additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Molecular and Cellular Biology, ASM, 1913 I St., NW, Washington, DC 20006. Made in the United States of America. Copyright C 1987, American Society for Microbiology. i*: -.iaIj L ; I'IJI.41: All Rights Reserved. The code at the top of the first page of an article in this journal indicates the copyright owner's consent that copies of the arti- cle may be made for personal use or for personal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center Inc., 21 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to other kinds of copying, such as copying for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating new collective works, or for resale. Author Index

Akusjarvi, Goran, 549 Friesen, James D., 225 Lin, Fwu-Lai M., 129 Schaber, Michael D., 121 Ariga, Hiroyoshi, 1 Fujimura, Tsutomu, 420 Schildkraut, C. L., 450 Arrigo, Salvatore, 388 Fukushige, Shin-ichi, 237 Macrae, Madhu, 564 Schnitzler, Paul, 231 Austerberry, Charles F., 435 Manley, James L., 495 Segawa, Kaoru, 556 Gaudet, Arlene, 68 Mann, Sandra K. O., 458 Sehgal, Pravinkumar B., 273 Bailis, Adam M., 167 Gillman, Edwin C., 177 Marshall, Christopher J., 541 Semba, Kentaro, 41, 237 Balaton, Anne M., 266 Gilmour, David S., 141 Martin, G. Steven, 371 Sen, Ganes C., 528 Baldwin, Albert S., Jr., 305 Gimble, Jeffrey M., 15 Martin, Nancy C., 177, 185 Shabat-Brand, Tamar, 470 Bannert, Helmut, 231 Glazer, Peter M., 218 Mathews, Christopher K., 532 Sharp, Phillip A., 305 Beach, D., 504 Goldwasser, Eugene, 365 Matsubara, Ken-ichi, 237 Shiga, Masanobu, 33 Beemon, Karen, 388 Greer, Chris L., 76 Matsumoto, Kunihiro, 244 Shin, Deug-Yong, 244 Beru, Nega, 365 Gurley, William B., 59 Maurer, Bernd, 231 Silverstein, Saul, 111 Bogenhagen, Daniel F., 486 Max, Edward E., 15 Soll, Dieter, 76 Bourdon, Mario A., 33 Habener, Joel F., 560 May, Lester T., 273 Sperle, Karen M., 129 Bram, Richard J., 403 Hall, Alan, 541 McCartan, Kathleen, 97 Stacey, Dennis W., 523 Brown, E. H., 450 Hanahan, Douglas, 192 McConkey, Glenn A., 486 Steensma, H. Yde, 410 $3royles, Steven S., 7 Harrington, Christina A., 314 McCormick, Frank, 541 Stein, M., 504 Bruce, Wesley B., 59 Hatton, K. S., 450 McDonald, Jeffrey, 365 Steinlauf, Rivka, 470 Bruenn, Jeremy, 470 Helland, Dag E., 26 McFadden, Grant, 535 Steitz, Joan A., 281 Buick, Ronald N., 251 Henner, William D., 26 Meisler, M. H., 326 Stemberg, Nat L., 129 Henry, Susan A., 167 Miller, Bruce L., 427 Struhl, Kevin, 104 Calos, Michele P., 379 Hill, David E., 104 Miller, Jeffrey H., 379 Stuart, S., 450 Carman, George M., 167 Hindley, J., 504 Miller, Karen Y., 427 Sukegawa, Jun, 41, 237 Chabot, Benoit, 281 Hopper, Anita K., 177, 185 Miller, Susan M., 199, 209 Summers, William C., 218 Chang, Wen, 535 Hsia, Han Chao, 379 Milley, Robert J., 541 Svensson, Catharina, 549 Chick, William L., 560 Hu, Shiu-Lok, 535 Miyajima, Nobuyuki, 41, 237 Chikaraishi, Dona M., 314 Hunter, Tony, 85 Monczak, Yury, 512 Tamm, Igor, 273 Childs, Geoffrey J., 478 Hutchison, Clyde A., III, 258 Moss, Bernard, 7 Tang, Peter, 379 Chisholm, George E., 218 Timberlake, William E., 427 Clark, Robert, 177 Iguchi-Ariga, Sanae M. M., 1 Najarian, Diana, 177, 185 Toney, Jeffrey H., 26 Cleveland, Don W., 552 lida, Hidetoshi, 244 Nemer, Martin, 48 Toyoshima, Kumao, 41, 237 Coffino, Philip, 564 Innis, Michael, 541 Nienhuis, Arthur W., 398 Trahey, Meg, 541 Cole, Georgette E., 541 Iqbal, M. A., 450 Nishizawa, Makoto, 41 Treinin, Millet, 545 Company, Mahshid, 258 Ishikawa, Tatsuo, 244 Nygard, Odd, 549 Trent, Jeffrey M., 251 Cook, Wendy D., 266 Itani, Teru, 1 Okamura, Shoji, 552 Ullman, Buddy, 97 Cortelyou, M. W., 209 Uno, Isao, 244 Cramer, Jane Harris, 121 Jolicoeur, Paul, 512 Osborn, L., 326 Crowley, Joan C., 410 Upton, Chris, 535 Cunningham, Richard P., 26 Kaback, David B., 410 Parent, Annette, 111 Valinsky, J., 450 Curran, Tom, 523 Keller, S. A., 326 Paterson, Hugh, 541 Van der Ploeg, Lex H. T., 357 Kelly, Rosemarie, 199 Patrick, Joseph, 97 Vilcek, Jan, 273 Darai, Gholamreza, 231 Kirsch, Donald R., 199, 209 Pauza, C. David, 342 Villemur, Richard, 512 Datta, Sumana, 149 Knowles, James A., 478 Peery, Tsafrira, 470 DeClue, Jeffrey E., 371 Kohase, Masayoshi, 273 Phear, G., 504 Watson, Thomas, 523 Dihanich, Melitta E., 177, 185 Koltin, Yigal, 470 Philippe, Jacques, 560 Waye, John S., 349 Doetsch, Paul W., 26 Kornberg, Roger D., 403 Pilgrim, David, 294 Whitfield, James F., 444 Drucker, Daniel J., 560 Kozak, Christine, 512 Plagemann, Peter G. W., 160 Wickner, Reed B., 420 DuBridge, Robert B., 379 Kramer, Richard A., 121 Pollak, Michael N., 251 Wilkinson, David G., 48 Durkin, Jon P., 444 Kung, Hsiang-fu, 523 Poole, Margaret A., 167 Willard, Huntington F., 349 Kurtz, Myra B., 199, 209 Pratt, Lisa F., 552 Willis, Ian, 76 Efrat, Shimon, 192 Kusari, Jyotirmoy, 528 Purchio, A. F., 535 Woffendin, Clive, 160 Efstratiadis, Argiris, 111 Woodgett, James R., 85 Elgin, Sarah C. R., 141 Lai, M., 209 Rassart, Eric, 512 England, Sarah B., 349 Lai, Zhi-Chun, 478 Rethwilm, Axel, 231 Yamaguchi, Nobuo, 556 Errede, Beverly, 258 Lamb, Christopher J., 335 Roberti, Kellee A., 427 Yamamoto, Tadashi, 41, 237 Laub, Orgad, 545 Rosenberg, M. P., 326 Yamanashi, Yuji, 41, 237 Filmus, Jorge, 251 Lawton, Michael A., 335 Ruoslahti, Erkki, 33 Yao, Meng-Chao, 435 Firtel, Richard A., 149, 458 Lea, Kristi, 121 Rutherford, Tim, 398 Young, Elton T., 294 Fitzgerald-Hayes, Molly, 68 Lee, Mary Gwo-Shu, 357 Ryner, Lisa C., 495 Yun, Mary, 388 Flugel, Rolf M., 231 Leeds, Janet M., 532 Fouser, Lynette A., 225 Leong, Phaik-Mooi, 379 Sarkar, Saumyen N., 218 Zeitlin, Scott, 111 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY, Jan. 1987 MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS HOW TO SUBMIT MANUSCRIPTS Primary Publication Submit manuscripts directly to the ASM Publications The American Society for Microbiology accepts the Department, 1913 I St., N.W., Washington, DC 20006. definition of primary publication as defined in How to Since all submissions must be processed through this Write and Publish a Scientific Paper, second edition, office, alternate routings, such as to an editor, will by Robert A. Day, to wit:" ... (i) the first publication delay initiation of the review process. The manuscript of original research results, (ii) in a form whereby should be accompanied by a covering letter stating the peers of the author can repeat the experiments and test following: the journal to which the manuscript is being the conclusions, and (iii) in a journal or other source submitted, the address and telephone number of the document [emphasis added] readily available within corresponding author, and the former ASM manu- the scientific community." script number and year if it is a resubmission. In A scientific paper published in a conference report, addition, include written proof that permission to cite symposium proceeding, technical bulletin, or any personal communications and preprints has been other retrievable source is unacceptable for submis- granted. sion to an ASM journal on grounds of prior publica- Authors may suggest an appropriate editor for new tion. A preliminary disclosure of research findings submissions. If we are unable to comply with such a published in abstract form as an adjunct to a meeting, request, the corresponding author will be notified e.g., part of a program, is not considered "prior before the manuscript is assigned to another editor. publication" because it does not meet the criteria for a Submit three complete copies of each manuscript, scientific paper. including figures and tables. Type every portion of the It is incumbent upon the author to acknowledge any manuscript double spaced, including figure legends, prior publication of the data contained in a manuscript table footnotes, and Literature Cited, and number all submitted to an ASM journal even though he or she pages in sequence, including the abstract, figure leg- may not consider such publication in violation of ASM ends, and tables. Place the last two items after the policy. A copy of the relevant work should accompany Literature Cited section. See p. iv-v for detailed the paper. instructions about illustrations. Copies of "in press" and "submitted" manuscripts Authorship that are important for judgment of the present manu- An author is one who made a substantial contribu- script should be enclosed to facilitate the review. One tion to the "overall design and execution of the copy of each such manuscript should be provided with experiments"; therefore, ASM considers all coauthors each copy of the new manuscript. equally responsible for the entire paper. Individuals Authors who are unsure of acceptable English usage who provided assistance, e.g., supplied strains or should have their manuscripts checked by someone reagents or critiqued the paper, should not be listed as proficient in the English language. Manuscripts that authors but may be recognized in the Acknowledg- are deficient in this respect may be returned to the ment section. author before review. 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If the research was not supported by any of the All authors of a manuscript must have agreed to its means described above, a request to waive the charges submission and are equally responsible for its content, may be sent to Kirk Jensen, Director of Publications, including appropriate citations and acknowledgments. American Society for Microbiology, 1913 I St., N.W., Failure to comply with the above-mentioned policy Washington, DC 20006, with the submitted manu- may result in a 3- to 5-year suspension of publishing script. This request, which must be separate from the privileges in ASM journals. (For further details, see covering letter, must state that the work was not the minutes of the March 1984 Publications Board supported and should be accompanied by a copy of the meeting, ASM News 50:260-263, 1984.) Acknowledgment section. i INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS . .

Copyright DNA Sequences To maintain and protect the Society's ownership DNA sequence data should be reported only if both and rights and to protect the original authors from strands have been independently sequenced. misappropriation of their published work, ASM re- quires authors to sign a copyright transfer agreement. Editorial Style This agreement is sent to the submitting author when The editorial style of ASM journals conforms to the the manuscript is accepted for publication. Unless this Council of Biology Editors Style Manual (5th ed., agreement is executed, ASM will not publish the manu- 1983; Council of Biology Editors, Inc., 9650 Rockville script. (U.S. government employees may file a state- Pike, Bethesda, Md.), ASM Style Manualfor Journals ment attesting that a manuscript was prepared as part and Books (American Society for Microbiology, 1985), of their official duties. If they elect to do so, they Robert A. Day's How To Write and Publish a Scien- should not sign the ASM copyright transfer agree- tific Paper (2nd ed., 1983; ISl Press), and Scientific ment.) Writing for Graduate Students (Council of Biology Editors, Inc., 1968), as interpreted and modified by the editors and the ASM Publications Department. The Scope editors and the Publications Department reserve the Molecular and Cellular Biology (MCB) is devoted to privilege of editing manuscripts to conform with the the advancement and dissemination of fundamental stylistic conventions set forth in the aforesaid publica- knowledge concerning the molecular biology of tions and in these instructions. eucaryotic cells, of both microbial and higher organ- isms. Papers on cellular morphology and function, Review Process genome organization, regulation of genetic expression, All manuscripts are subjected to peer review by the morphogenesis, and somatic cell (not simple editors, members of the editorial board, or qualified ad linkage analyses) are invited for submission. In most hoc reviewers. When a manuscript is submitted to the cases, reports that emphasize methods and nucleotide journal, it is given a manuscript control number and sequence data alone (without experimental documen- assigned to one of the editors. The authors are notified tation of the functional significance of the sequence) of this number and the editor to whom the manuscript will not be considered. has been assigned. (It is the responsibility of the ASM publishes a number of different journals cov- corresponding author to inform the coauthors of the ering various aspects of microbiology. Each journal manuscript's status throughout the review and publi- has a prescribed scope that must be considered in cation processes.) Authors are notified, generally determining the most appropriate journal for each within 6 to 8 weeks after submission, of acceptance, manuscript. The following guidelines may be of assis- rejection, or the need for modification. When a manu- tance. script is returned to the author for modification, it Most manuscripts concerning virus-infected cells should be returned to the editor within 2 months; should be submitted to the Journal of Virology. Those otherwise it may be considered withdrawn. in which emphasis is clearly on the cell, with the virus being incidental, are appropriate for MCB. Notification of Acceptance The Journal ofBacteriology (JB) is ajournal ofbasic When an editor has decided that a manuscript is microbiology, including that of eucaryotic microbes. acceptable for publication on the basis of scientific The scope statements for MCB and JB are comple- merit, it is sent to the Publications Department, where mentary. They provide authors with appropriate jour- it is checked by the production editor. If the manu- nals for the publication of research covering all aspects script has been prepared according to the criteria set of eucaryotic microbiology. When a research report forth in these Instructions, it is scheduled for the next would be equally appropriate for either journal, the available issue and an acceptance letter that indicates author's preference will be followed. the month of publication and approximate page proof Questions about these guidelines may be directed to dates is mailed to the corresponding author. The the editor in chief of the journal being considered. editorial staff of the ASM Publications Department Note that a manuscript rejected by one ASMjournal completes the editing of the manuscript to bring it into on scientific grounds or on the basis of its general conformity with prescribed standards. suitability for publication is considered rejected by all other ASM journals. Page Proofs The printer sends page proofs, the copy-edited manuscript, and a page charge/reprint order form to Availability of Mutants and Other Variants the author. As soon as the page proofs are corrected The editors expect that all variant viruses, vectors, (within 48 h), they should be mailed to the ASM and cell strains, as well as new isolates and mutants, Publications Department. described in papers published in MCB will be made The proof stage is not the time to make extensive freely available for distribution upon request to all corrections, additions, or deletions. Important new qualified members of the scientific community. information that has become available between accep- . . INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS tance of the manuscript and receipt of the proofs may procedure: make of centrifuge, model of rotor, tem- be inserted as an Addendum in Proof with the permis- perature, time at maximum speed, and centrifugal sion of the editor. Limit changes to correction of force (x g, rather than revolutions per minute). For spelling errors, incorrect data, and serious grammati- commonly used materials and methods (e.g., media cal errors. "In press" references for which page and protein determinations), a simple reference is numbers have become available should be placed in sufficient. If several alternative methodologies are the Literature Cited section as "a" numbers (e.g., commonly used, it is helpful to identify the method 12a). Do not renumber references. briefly as well as to cite the reference. 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When large numbers of microbial strains or mutants are used in a study, include strain tables ORGANIZATION AND FORMAT identifying the sources and properties of the strains, mutants, bacteriophages, plasmids, etc. Regular Papers A method, strain, etc., used in only one of several Regular full-length papers should include the ele- experiments reported in the paper may be described in ments described in this section. the Results section or very briefly (one or two sen- tences) in a table footnote or figure legend. Title. Each manuscript should present the results of an independent, cohesive study; thus, numbered se- Results. The Results section should include the ries titles are not allowed. Avoid the main title/subtitle results of the experiments. Reserve extensive interpre- arrangement, complete sentences, and unnecessary tation of the results for the Discussion section. Present articles. On the title page, include the title, running the results as concisely as possible in one of the title (not to exceed 54 characters and spaces), name of following: text, table(s), or figure(s). Avoid extensive each author, address(es) of the institution(s) at which use of graphs to present data that might be more the work was performed, and each author's affiliation concisely presented in the text or tables. For example, or a footnote indicating the present address of any except in unusual cases, double-reciprocal plots used author no longer at the institution where the work was to determine apparent Km values should not be pre performed. Place an asterisk after the name of the sented as graphs; instead, the values should be state. author to whom inquiries regarding the paper should in the text. Similarly, graphs illustrating other method, be directed, and give that author's telephone number. commonly used to derive kinetic or physical constants (e.g., reduced viscosity plots, plots used to determine Abstract. Limit the abstract to 250 words or fewer. sedimentation velocity) need not be shown except in Summarize the basic content of the paper. Avoid unusual circumstances. Limit photographs (particu- abbreviations, diagrams, and references. When it is larly photomicrographs and electron micrographs) to essential to include a reference, use the full literature those that are absolutely necessary to show the exper- citation but omit the article title. Because the abstract imental findings. Number figures and tables in the will be published separately by abstracting services, it order in which they are cited in the text, and be sure to must be complete and understandable without refer- cite all figures and tables. ence to the text. Introduction. The introduction should supply suffi- Discussion. The Discussion should provide an inter- cient background information to allow the reader to pretation of the results in relation to previously pub- understand and evaluate the results of the present lished work and to the experimental system at hand study without referring to previous publications on the and should not contain extensive repetition of the topic. The introduction should also provide the ratio- Results section or reiteration of the introduction. In nale for the present study. Use only those references short papers, the Results and Discussion sections may required to provide the most salient background rather be combined. than an exhaustive review of the topic. Acknowledgments. Acknowledgments of financial Materials and Methods. The Materials and Methods assistance and of personal assistance are given in section should include sufficient technical information separate paragraphs. The usual format for acknowl- to allow the experiments to be repeated. When cen- edgment of grant support is as follows: "This work trifugation conditions are critical, give enough infor- was supported by Public Health Service grant CA- mation to enable another investigator to repeat the 01234 from the National Cancer Institute." INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS IV

Appendixes. Appendixes, which contain supplemen- Notes tary material to aid the reader, are permitted. Titles, The Note format is intended for the presentation of authors, and Literature Cited sections that are distinct brief observations that do not warrant full-length pa- from those of the primary article are not allowed. If it pers. Submit Notes in the same way as full-length is not feasible to list the author(s) of the appendix in papers. They receive the same review, and they are the by-line or the Acknowledgment section of the not considered preliminary communications. primary article, rewrite the appendix so that it can be Each Note must have an abstract of no more than 50 considered for publication as an independent article, words. Do not use section headings in the body of the either full length or Note style. Equations, tables, and Note; report methods, results, and discussion in a figures should be labeled with the letter "A" preceding single section. Paragraph lead-ins are permissible. The the numeral to distinguish them from those cited in the text is not to exceed 1,000 words, and the number of main body of the text. figures and tables should be kept to a minimum. Materials and methods should be described in the text, Literature Cited. The Literature Cited section must not in figure legends or table footnotes. Present ac- include all relevant published work, and all listed knowledgments as in full-length papers, but do not use references must be cited in the text. Arrange the a heading. The Literature Cited section is identical to Literature Cited section in alphabetical order by first that of full-length papers. author and number consecutively. Abbreviate journal names according to Serial Sources for the BIOSIS Errata Data Base (BioSciences Information Service, 1986). The Erratum section provides a means of correcting Cite each listed reference in the text by number. errors (e.g., typographical) in published articles. The following types of references are not valid for Changes in data and the addition of new material are listing: unpublished data, personal communications, not permitted. Send errata directly to the Publications manuscripts in preparation, manuscripts submitted, Department. "in press" references, pamphlets, abstracts, patents, theses, dissertations, newsletters, letters to the editor, Author's Corrections and material that has not been subjected to peer The Author's Correction section provides a means review. References to such sources should be made of adding citations that were overlooked in a published parenthetically in the text. An "in press" reference to article. The author who failed to cite a reference and an ASM journal included in Literature Cited should the author whose paper was not cited must agree to state the control number (e.g., MCB 976-87) or the such a publication; the editor, editor in chief, chairman month of publication, so that the copy editor can of the Publications Board, and director of publications verify the reference and include it in the listed refer- will not be involved. Letters from both authors must ences. accompany the author's correction sent to the Publi- Follow the styles shown in the examples below. cations Department. 1. Clutterbuck, A. J., and D. J. Cove. 1974. Linkage map of Disclaimers. Statements disclaiming governmental Aspergillus nidulans, p. 665-676. In A. I. Laskin and or any other type of endorsement or approval will be H. A. Lechevalier (ed.), Handbook of microbiology, vol. deleted by the Publications Department. 4. CRC Press, Cleveland, Ohio. 2. Liebman, S. W., J. W. Stewart, J. H. Parker, and F. ILLUSTRATIONS AND TABLES Sherman. 1977. Leucine insertion caused by a yeast The figure number and authors' names should be amber suppressor. J. Mol. Biol. 109:13-22. written on all figures, either in the margin or on the 3. Smith, B. A., and D. D. Burke. 1980. Protein synthesis back (marked lightly with a soft pencil). For micro- during germination ofAllomyces macrogynus mitospores. graphs especially, the top should be indicated as well. J. Bacteriol. 143:1498-1500. Do not clasp figures to each other or to the manu- Parenthetical references in the text should be cited script with paper clips. Insert small figures in an as follows: envelope if necessary. ... and protects the organisms against oxygen Continuous-Tone Photographs toxicity (H. P. Misra and I. Fridovich, Fed. Proc. When submitting continuous-tone photographs 35:1686, 1976). (e.g., polyacrylamide gels), keep in mind the journal . . . system was used (W. E. Scowcroft, A. H. page size: 35/16 inches for a single column and 67/8 Gibson, and J. D. Pagan, Biochem. Biophys. Res. inches for a double column (maximum). Include only Commun., in press). the significant portion of the illustration. Each must be ... in linkage group XIV (R. D. Smyth, Ph.D. of sufficient contrast to withstand the inevitable loss of thesis, University of California, Los Angeles, 1972). contrast and detail inherent in the printing process. ... in poly mitochondria (S. E. Mainzer and C. W. Submit one photograph of each continuous-tone figure Slayman, Abstr. Annu. Meet. Am. Soc. Microbiol. for each copy of the manuscript; photocopies are not 1976, K5, p. 139). acceptable. If possible, the figures submitted should be v INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS the size they will appear when published so that no section, not in a figure legend. A method that is unique reduction is necessary. If they must be reduced, make to one of several experiments may be reported in a sure that all elements, including labeling, can with- legend only if the discussion is very brief (one or two stand reduction and remain legible. If a figure is a sentences). Define all symbols and abbreviations used composite of a continuous-tone photograph and a in the figure that have not been defined elsewhere. drawing or labeling, the tone should be mounted on the original drawing (i.e., do not submit a photograph of Tables the composite). Type each table on a separate page. Arrange the Electron and light micrographs must be direct cop- data so that columns of like material read down, not ies of the original negative. Indicate the magnification across. The headings should be sufficiently clear so with a scale marker on each micrograph. that the meaning of the data will be understandable without reference to the text. See Abbreviations in Color Photographs these instructions for those that should be used in Color photographs are discouraged. However, if tables. Explanatory footnotes are acceptable, but they are necessary, include an extra copy so that a more extensive table "legends" are not. Footnotes cost estimate for printing may be obtained. The cost of should not include detailed descriptions of the exper- printing color photographs must be borne by the iment. A well-constructed table is shown below. author. Drawings TABLE 1. Effect of glucose on levels of catabolic enzymes and Submit graphs, charts, diagrams, and other drawings morphology in M. rouxii as glossy photographs made from finished drawings not Enzyme activity requiring additional artwork or typesetting. No part of Pyruvate Phos- Gluta- the graph or drawing should be typewritten. Use a Cell type kinasea pho- mate vate de- lettering set or other professional-quality device for all 1 5 fructo- drogen-dehy- carbox-ylasec labeling. Both axes of a graph must be labeled. Most minmm m5min kinaseb asec graphs will be reduced to one-column width (35/16 Mycelium inches), and all elements in the drawing should be -Glucose 1,056 2 1.7 4.3 0.05 large enough to withstand this reduction. Avoid heavy + Glucose 2,930 10 8.04 0.53 1.3 letters, which tend to close up when reduced, and Yeast unusual symbols, which the printer may not be able to + Glucose 4,380 30 63.6 0.03 1.7 reproduce in the legend. Two of the three sets of aNanomoles of pyruvate formed per milligram of protein in time shown (3, drawings may consist of photocopies; the other, how- 9). b Millimoles of fructose 1,6-diphosphate produced per minute per milligram ever, must consist of photographs. of protein (7). In figure ordinate and abscissa scales (as well as c Micromoles of NADH oxidized per minute per milligram of protein (10). table column headings), avoid ambiguous use of num- bers with exponents. Usually, it is preferable to use the appropriate SI symbols (,u for 10-6, m for 10-3, k for Camera-Ready Copy 103, M for 106, etc.). A complete listing of SI symbols Sequences, drawings, tables, chemical formulas, can be found in the IUPAC "Manual of Symbols and etc., that can be photographically reproduced for Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and publication without further typesetting or artwork are Units" (Pure Appl. Chem. 21:3-44, 1970). Thus, rep- referred to as "camera ready." Such copy may also be resentation of 20,000 cpm on a figure ordinate should prepared for complicated mathematical or physical be made by the number 20, accompanied by the label formulas, portions of genetic maps, diagrams, and flow kcpm. schemes. It should not be hand lettered. Camera-ready Where powers of 10 must be used, the journal copy must be carefully prepared to conform to the style suggests that the exponent power be associated with of the journal. The advantage in submitting camera- the number shown. In representing 20,000 cells per ml, ready copy is that the material will appear exactly as the numeral on the ordinate would be "2" and the envisioned by the author, and no second proofreading label would be "104 cells per ml" (not "cells per ml x is necessary. This is particularly advantageous when 10-4'"). Likewise, an enzyme activity of 0.06 U/ml there are long, complicated tables and when the divi- would be shown as 6, accompanied by the label 10-2 sion of material and spacing are important. U/ml. The preferred designation would be 60 mU/ml (milliunits per milliliter). NOMENCLATURE Figure Legends Chemical and Biochemical Nomenclature Legends shouid provide enough information so that The recognized authority for the names of chemical the figure is understandable without frequent reference compounds is Chemical Abstracts (Chemical Ab- to the text. However, detailed experimental methods stracts Service, Ohio State University, Columbus) and must be described in the Materials and Methods its indexes. For guidelines to the use of biochemical INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS Vi terminology, consult the following: Biochemical No- (Intervirology 17:23-199, 1982). If desired, synonyms menclature and Related Documents, 1978, reprinted may be added parenthetically when the name is first for The Biochemical Society, London; the instructions mentioned. Approved generic (or group) and family to authors of the Journal ofBiological Chemistry and names may also be used. the Archives of and (first Microorganisms, viruses, and plasmids should be issues of each year); and the Handbook of Biochem- given designations consisting of letters and serial num- istry and Molecular Biology (G. D. Fasman, ed., 3rd bers. It is generally advisable to include a worker's ed., CRC Press, Inc., 1976). initials or a descriptive symbol of locale, laboratory, Do not express molecular weights in daltons; mo- etc., in the designation. Each new strain, mutant, lecular weight is a unitless ratio. Molecular mass is isolate, or derivative should be given a new (serial) expressed in daltons. designation. This designation should be distinct from For enzymes, use the recommended (trivial) name those of the genotype and phenotype, and genotypic assigned by the Nomenclature Committee of the In- and phenotypic symbols should not be included. ternational Union of Biochemistry as described in Enzyme Nomenclature (Academic Press, Inc., 1984). Genetic Nomenclature If a nonrecommended name is used, place the proper Procaryotes. The genetic properties of procaryotes (trivial) name in parentheses at first use in the abstract are described in terms of phenotypes and genotypes. and text. Use the EC number when one has been The phenotype designation describes the observable assigned, and express enzyme activity either in katals properties of an organism. The genotype refers to the (preferred) or in the older system of micromoles per genetic constitution of an organism, usually in refer- minute. ence to some standard wild type. In preparing a manuscript, follow the recommendations of Demerec Nomenclature of Microorganisms et al. (Genetics 54:61-76, 1966) and the practices Binary names, consisting of a generic name and a currently in use in the Journal of Bacteriology. specific epithet (e.g., Escherichia coli), must be used (i) Phenotype designations must be employed when for all microorganisms. Names of higher categories mutant loci have not been identified or mapped. Phe- may be used alone, but specific and subspecific epi- notype designations generally consist of three-letter thets may not. A specific epithet must be preceded by symbols; these are not italicized, and the first letter of a generic name the first time it is used in a paper. the symbol is capitalized (e.g., Pol). Wild-type char- Thereafter, the generic name should be abbreviated to acteristics can be designated with a superscript plus the initial capital letter (e.g., E. coli), provided there (Pol+) and, when necessary for clarity, negative su- can be no confusion with other genera used in the perscripts (Pol-) can be used to designate mutant paper. Names of all taxa (phyla [for fungi, divisions], characteristics. Lower-case superscript letters may be classes, orders, families, genera, species, subspecies) used to further delineate phenotypes (e.g., Strs for are printed in italics and should be underlined in the streptomycin sensitivity). Phenotype designations manuscript; strain designations and numbers are not. should be defined. The spelling of bacterial names should follow the (ii) Genotype designations are similarly indicated by Approved Lists ofBacterial Names (American Society a three-letter symbol. In contrast to phenotype desig- for Microbiology, 1980) and the subsequent validation nations, genotype designations are lowercase italic lists and relevant articles published in the Interna- (e.g., ara his rps). If several loci govern related tional Journal of Systematic Bacteriology since 1980. functions, these are distinguished by an italicized If there is reason to use a name that does not have capital letter following the locus symbol (e.g., araA standing in nomenclature, the name should be en- araB). Mutation sites are distinguished by placing closed in quotation marks and an appropriate state- serial isolation numbers (allele numbers) after the ment concerning the nomenclatural status of the name locus symbol (e.g., ara-J hisB5). Promoter, termina- should be made in the text (for an example, see Int. J. tor, and operator sites should be indicated as de- Syst. Bacteriol. 30:547-556, 1980). scribed by Bachmann and Low (Microbiol. Rev. Since the classification of fungi is far from complete, 44:1-56, 1980): e.g., lacZp, lacAt, and lacZo. It is it is the responsibility of the author to determine the essential in papers reporting the isolation of new accepted binomial for a given yeast or mold. Some mutants that allele numbers be given to the mutations. sources for the spelling of these names include The For Escherichia coli, there is a registry of such num- Yeasts: a Taxonomic Study (3rd ed., N. J. W. Kreger- bers: E. coli Genetic Stock Center, Department of van Rij, ed., Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., 1984) Human Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, and Ainsworth and Bisby's Dictionary of the Fungi, P.O. Box 3333, New Haven, CT 06510. For Salmo- Including the Lichens, 6th ed. (Commonwealth Myco- nella, the registry is: Salmonella Genetic Stock Cen- logical Institute, Kew, Surrey, England, 1971). ter, Department of Biology, University of Calgary, Names used for viruses should be those approved Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 1N4. by the International Committee on Taxonomy of Vi- (iii) Wild-type alleles are indicated with a super- ruses (ICTV) and published in the 4th Report of the script plus (ara+ his'). When the genotype of an ICTV, Classification and Nomenclature of Viruses organism is being specified (e.g., in a table), a super- .ii INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS script minus is not used to indicate a mutant locus. (e.g., arg2), whereas alleles are designated by an Elsewhere, a superscript minus may be used to distin- arabic numeral separated from the locus number by a guish between the symbol of a mutant allele and that of hyphen (e.g., arg2-6). (iii) Complementation groups of a genetic locus. However, this distinction is best made a gene are identified by capital letters following the in context, and thus one refers to an ara mutant rather locus number (e.g., his4A). (iv) Dominant and reces- than an ara- strain. sive genes are denoted by upper- and lowercase let- (iv) The use of superscripts with genotypes (other ters, respectively (e.g., SUP4 and arg2). (v) When than + to indicate wild-type alleles) should be there is no confusion, wild-type genes are designated avoided. Designations indicating amber mutations simply as +; the + may follow the locus number to (Am), temperature-sensitive mutations (Ts), constitu- designate a specific wild-type gene, e.g., sup6+ and tive mutations (Con), cold-sensitive mutations (Cs), ARG2 +. (vi) Although superscripts should be avoided, and production of a hybrid protein (Hyb) should follow it is sometimes expedient to distinguish genes confer- the allele number [e.g., araA230(Am) hisD21(Ts)]. All ring resistance and sensitivity by the superscripts r and other such designations of phenotype must be defined s, respectively (e.g., canrl CUPs'). (vii) Mitochondrial at the first occurrence. If superscripts must be used, and non-Mendelian genotypes can be distinguished they must be approved by the editor and they must be from chromosomal genotypes by enclosure in square defined at the first occurrence. brackets. Whenever applicable, use the above rules (v) Avoid the use of a genotype as a name (e.g., for designating non-Mendelian genes. It is advisable to "subsequent use of leuC6 for transduction"). If a avoid the use of Greek letters and to use instead their strain designation has not been chosen, select an transliterations (e.g., [rho+], [rho-, [psi+], and appropriate word combination (e.g., "either strain [psi-]). PA3092 or another strain containing the leuC6 muta- For the current linkage map of S. cerevisiae consult tion"). Mortimer and Schild, Microbiol. Rev. 49:181-213, 1985. For the current list of N. crassa chromosomal Viruses. In most cases, viruses have no phenotype, loci consult Perkins et al., Microbiol. Rev. 46:426-570, since they have no metabolism outside host cells. 1982. Therefore, distinctions between phenotype and geno- As indicated in the CBE Style Manual, symbols for type are not made. Superscripts are used to indicate Drosophila mutants and chromosome aberrations are hybrid genomes. Genetic symbols may be one, two, or italicized; they should not contain Greek letters, sub- three letters. For example, a mutant strain of lambda scripts, or spaces. The spelled-out names of the mutants may be designated as X c1857 int2 redll4 Aamll; this are not italicized. "Symbols for mutant types are strain carries mutations in genes cI, int, and red and an abbreviations of their characterizing names. Usually a amber-suppressible (am) mutation in gene A. Host symbol begins with the first letter of its name; the DNA insertions into viruses should be delineated by convention designates an initial capital letter for a square brackets, and the genetic symbols and designa- dominant (R for roughened) and an initial lowercase tions for such inserted DNA should conform to those letter for a recessive (r for rudimentary [or ry] for used for the host genome. rosy)." Eucaryotes. The nomenclature used in the genetics "Mutant" vs. "mutation." Keep in mind the distinc- of lower eucaryotic microorganisms has not been as tion between a mutation (an alteration of the primary well formalized as that for bacteria and bacterio- sequence of the genetic material) and a mutant (a phages. Generally, authors should conform to current strain carrying one or more mutations). One may practices in identifying mutants and their genotypes. It speak about the mapping of a mutation, but one cannot is advisable to consult the Handbook ofMicrobiology map a mutant. Likewise, a mutant has no genetic (A. I. Laskin and H. A. Lechevalier, ed., CRC Press, locus, only a phenotype. 1974) or the Handbook of Genetics, vol. 1, Bacteria, Bacteriophages, and Fungi (R. C. King, ed., Plenum Strain designations. Do not use a genotype as a name Publishing Corp., 1974) for designations currently in (e.g., "spe4O-2 was used for . . . "). If a strain desig- use for Aspergillus nidulans, Schizosaccharomyces nation has not been chosen, select an appropriate pombe, Podospora anserina, Ustilago sp., Schizo- word combination (e.g., "another strain containing the phyllum commune, Coprinus sp., and Chlamydomo- spe40-2 mutation"). For a discussion of the use of nas reinhardi. patients' initials in strain designations, see "Patient Genetic designations for Identification" (below). should generally follow the recommendations of Sher- man and Lawrence (Handbook ofGenetics, vol. 1). (i) Transposable elements, plasmids, and restriction en- The two mating-type alleles are designated by a bold- zymes. Nomenclature of transposable elements (inser- face roman "a" and a Greek "a." (ii) As with bacte- tion sequences, transposons, phage Mu, etc.) should ria, gene symbols are usually designated by three follow the recommendations of Campbell et al. (Gene italicized letters. In general, the genetic locus is iden- 5:197-206, 1979), with the modifications referred to in tified by an arabic numeral following the gene symbol the instructions to authors in the Journal ofBacteriol- INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS . .i. ogy. The system of designating transposon insertions primarily as an aid to the reader, rather than as a at sites where there are no known loci, e.g., zef- convenience for the author, and therefore their use 123::Tn5, has been described by Chumley et al. (Ge- should be limited. Abbreviations other than those netics 91:639-655, 1979). Use the nomenclature rec- recommended by the IUPAC-IUB (Biochemical No- ommendations of Novick et al. (Bacteriol. Rev. menclature and Related Documents, 1978) should be 40:168-189, 1976) for plasmids and plasmid-specified used only when a case can be made for necessity, such activities, of Low (Bacteriol. Rev. 36:587-607, 1972) as in tables and figures. for F-prime factors, and of Roberts (Nucleic Acids It is often possible to use pronouns or to paraphrase Res. 9:r75-r96, 1981) for restriction enzymes and a long word after its first use (e.g., "the drug," "the DNA fragments derived from treatment with these substrate"). Standard chemical symbols and trivial enzymes. Recombinant DNA molecules constructed names or their symbols (folate, Ala, Leu, etc..) may be in vitro follow the nomenclature for insertions in used for terms that appear in full in the neighboring general. DNA inserted into recombinant DNA mole- text. cules should be described by using the gene symbols Not requiring introduction. In addition to abbrevia- and conventions for the organism from which the tions for standard units of measurement and chemical DNA was obtained. The Plasmid Reference Center, symbols of the elements, the following should be used School of Medicine, Stanford, CA without definition in the title, abstract, text, figure 94305, assigns Tn and IS numbers to avoid conflicting legends, and tables: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid); and repetitive use and also clears nonconflicting cDNA (complementary DNA); RNA (ribonucleic plasmid prefix designations. acid); cRNA (complementary RNA); RNase (ribo- nuclease); DNase (deoxyribonuclease); rRNA (ribosomal RNA); mRNA (messenger RNA); tRNA ABBREVIATIONS AND CONVENTIONS (transfer RNA); AMP, ADP, ATP, dAMP, ddATP, GTP, etc. (for the respective 5' phosphates of Patient Identification adenosine or other nucleosides) (add 2'-, 3'-, or 5'- When isolates are derived from patients in clinical when needed for contrast); ATPase, dGTPase, etc. studies, do not identify them by using the patients' (adenosine triphosphatase, deoxyguanosine tri- initials, even as part of a strain designation. Change phosphatase, etc.); NAD (nicotinamide adenine the initials to arabic numerals or use randomly chosen dinucleotide); NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine letters. Do not give hospital unit numbers; if a desig- dinucleotide, oxidized); NADH (nicotinamide adenine nation is needed, use only the last two digits of the dinucleotide, reduced); NADP (nicotinamide adenine unit. (Note: Established designations of some viruses dinucleotide phosphate); NADPH (nicotinamide ade- and cell lines, although they consist of initials, are nine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced); poly(A), acceptable [e.g., JC virus, BK virus, HeLa cells].) poly(dT), etc. (polyadenylic acid, polydeoxy- Do not identify patients by race, country or region thymidylic acid, etc.); oligo(dT), etc. (oligodeoxy- of origin, or occupation unless the relevance of this thymidylic acid, etc.); Pi (orthophosphate); PP1 information is readily apparent or demonstrated in the (pyrophosphate); UV (ultraviolet); PFU (plaque- text. forming units); CFU (colony-forming units); MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration); MBC (minimal Verb Tense bactericidal concentration); Tris [tris(hydroxy- Use the past tense to narrate particular events in the methyl)aminomethane]; DEAE (diethylaminoethyl); past, including the procedures, observations, and data A260 (absorbance at 260 nm); and EDTA (ethylenedia- of the study you are reporting. Use the present tense minetetraacetic acid). Abbreviations for cell lines for general statements, including your own general (e.g., HeLa) also need not be defined. conclusions, the conclusions of previous researchers, The following abbreviations should be used without and generally accepted facts. In addition, the present definition in tables: tense should be used for discourse having an immedi- ate effect on the reader ("the data indicate"; "Fig. 1 shows"). amt (amount) SE (standard error) approx (approximately) SEM (standard error of the Abbreviations avg (average) mean) General. It is strongly recommended that all abbre- concn (concentration) sp act (specific activity) viations except those listed below be introduced in the diam (diameter) sp gr (specific gravity) first paragraph in Materials and Methods. Alterna- expt (experiment) temp (temperature) tively, define each abbreviation and introduce it in ht (height) tr (trace) parentheses the first time it is used; e.g., "cultures mo (month) vol (volume) were grown in Eagle minimal essential medium mol wt (molecular weight) vs (versus) (MEM)." Generally, eliminate abbreviations that are no. (number) wk (week) not used at least five times in the text (including tables prepn (preparation) wt (weight) and figure legends). Abbreviations should be used SD (standard deviation) yr (year) iX INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

Reporting Numerical Data Isotopically Labeled Compounds Standard metric units are used for reporting length, For simple molecules, isotopic labeling is indicated weight, and volume. For these units and for molarity, in the chemical formula (e.g., 14CO2, 3H20, H235S04). use the prefixes m, [t, n, and p for i0-', 10-6, 1o0, Brackets are not used when the isotopic symbol is and 10-12, respectively. Likewise, use the prefix k for attached to a word which is not a specific chemical 103. Avoid compound prefixes such as m,u or ,u,. Use name (e.g., 1311-labeled protein, 14C-amino acids, 3H- ,ug/ml or ,ug/g in place of the ambiguous ppm. Units of ligands, etc.). temperature are presented as follows: 37°C or 324 K. For specific chemicals, the symbol -for the isotope When fractions are used to express units such as introduced is placed in square brackets directly pre- enzymatic activities, it is preferable to use whole ceding the part of the name that describes the labeled units, such as "g" or "min," in the denominator entity. Note that configuration symbols and modifiers instead of fractional or multiple units such as ,ug or 10 precede the isotopic symbol. The following examples min. For example, "pmol/min" would be preferable to illustrate correct usage: "nmol/10 min," and ",umol/g" would be preferable to "nmol/,ug." ['4C]urea [y-32P]ATP It is also preferable that an unambiguous form such L-[methyl-14C]methionine UDP-[U-'4C]glucose as the exponential notation be used instead of multiple [2,3-3H]serine E. coli [32P]DNA slashes; for example, ",umol g-1 min-"" is preferable [a-'4C]lysine fructose 1,6-[1-32P]bisphosphate to "4tumol/g per min." See the CBE Style Manual, 5th edition, for more detailed information about reporting numbers. Also This journal follows the same conventions for iso- contained in this source is information on SI units for topic labeling as the Journal ofBiological Chemistry, the reporting of illumination, energy, frequency, pres- and more detailed information can be found in the sure, and other physical terms. Always report numer- irlstructions to authors of that journal (first issue of ical data in the appropriate SI unit. each year). I I I 1987 Nonmember Individual Rate I I Please enter my personal 1-year subscription to Molecular and Cellular I Biology at the special nonmember individual rate of: I El $60 (domestic) El $75 (foreign) I I IL Add $145 for foreign airmail shipment (total: $220) I I [] Payment enclosed El MasterCard [ VISA I I Card number Expiration date_ ANNOUNCING I I SignFature I 1987 I I turess. I I Nonmember Individual I I City State/Province- I Subscription Rate I Zip/Postal code Country I All orders from outside the United States must be accompanied by payment in I for I U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank located within the continental United I States, or charged to MasterCard or VISA. I 1. MOLECULAR I I I 1987 Nonmember Individual Rate AND I Please enter my personal 1-year subscription to Molecular and Cellular I I Biology at the special nonmember individual rate of: I El $60 (domestic) El $75 (foreign) CELLULAR I I El Add $145 for foreign airmail shipment (total: $220) I [l Payment enclosed [1 MasterCard [ VISA BIOLOGY I I Card number Expiration date_ I I I I Name I I Address_ I II Use the attached postage-paid II City State/Province_ coupon and receive 12 issues I I Zip/Postal code Country of MCB for only $60 (domestic) I or $75 (foreign). I All orders from outside the United States must be accompanied by payment in I U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank located within the continental United I I States, or charged to MasterCard or VISA. 11 I I 1987 Nonmember Individual Rate I I Please enter my personal 1-year subscription to Molecular and Cellular I Biology at the special nonmember individual rate of: I I [] $60 (domestic) EL $75 (foreign) I El Add $145 for foreign airmail shipment (total: $220) I I LI Payment enclosed EL MasterCard EL VISA I date II Card number Expiration II II I NMan I I fucuress I I I I If":"ulty NEate/i rro__ I I Zip/Postal code Country I I All orders from outside the United States must be accompanied by payment in I U.S. dollars, drawn on a U.S. bank located within the continental United I States, or charged to MasterCard or VISA. I NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 15666 WASHINGTON. DC _ ~--

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I1.,1.111...11...1...11..,1..1.1.1..11..1.11..,11...1I When the focus is On basic microbial research, _~ readers turn to the following ASMjournals: * Molecular and Cellular Biology EDITOR IN CHIEF: Aaron J. Shatkin MCB is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowl- edge conceming the molecular biology of eucaryotic cells, of both microbial and ,._*-OS. higher organisms. The joumal publishes papers on cellular morphology and function, genome organization, regulation of genetic expression, morphogen- esis, and somatic cell genetics. In addition, it contains articles concerning plas- mid vectors and virus-infected cells in which emphasis is clearly on the cell. Monthly. ISSN: 0270-7306. 4,500 pages in 1987. Nonmember Member (US) Member (Foreign) $280.00 $43.00 $57.00 Add $145.00 for foreign airmail service. Jounal of Bacterology EDITOR IN CHIEF: Simon Silver The oldest of the ASM journals, JB is the leading periodical, worldwide, in its field. It is devoted to the advancement and dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning bacteria and other microorganisms, including fungi and other unicellular, eucaryotic organisms. Regular features include articles on structure and function, plant microbiology, membranes, eucaryotic cells, genetics and molecular biology, plasmids and transposons, physiology and metabolism, and enzymology. Monthly. ISSN: 0021-9193. 4,700 pages in 1987. Nonmember Member (US) Member (Foreign) $340.00 $41.00 $56.00 Add_$170.00_for_foreign_airmail_service.______JournI of Virology EDITOR IN CHIEF: Arnold J. Levine This leading research journal is devoted to the dissemination of fundamental knowledge concerning viruses of bacteria, plants, and animals. JVI publishes reports of original research in all areas of basic virology, including biochemistry, biophysics, genetics, immunology, morphology, physiology, and pathogenesis and immunity. Monthly. ISSN: 0022-538X. 4,200 pages in 1987. Nonmember Member (US) Member (Foreign) $350.00 $41.00 $56.00 Add $170.00 for foreign airmail service.

U Infection and Immity EDITOR IN CHIEF: Joseph W. Shands, Jr.

IAI publishes articles on: infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, fungi, and parasites; ecology and epidemiology of pathogenic microbes; virulence factors, such as toxins and microbial surface structures; nonspecific factors in host resistance and susceptibility to infection; and immunology of microbial infection. Oral microbiology is given extensive coverage. Monthly. ISSN: 0019-9567. 3,700 pages in 1987. Nonmember Member (US) Member (Foreign) $340.00 $41.00 $56.00 Add $140.00 for foreign airmail service. I