Urban Air Mobility, Electric Propulsion and Unmanned Vehicles

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Foreword

Bavarian e-tonomous AIR Mobility: BeAM

Mobility is a central fac- tems. It is important for for industry and research. tor in the competitive- Bavaria to be able to We will open up test ness of urban areas. The compete in the global markets, conduct feasi- further development of marketplace. We have bility studies and estab- our transport system is the right foundations in lish a legislative frame- therefore a major chal- place for this. We have work. We are support- lenge. We need to im- excellent research facili- ing the development of prove existing means of ties and innovative com- electric and autonomous transport and, at the panies at the cutting flying in Bavaria through same time, enable their edge of many of the the “Bavarian Aeronauti- seamless integration with technologies on which cal Research Programme”. new traffic systems. Air- such flying systems are The special publication borne systems will play based. “Air taxis” will be “BeAM” is to provide an important role here. a focal point in which further momentum! What used to be a vi- key technologies can be sion of the future is now bundled and from which taking shape. In future, new business fields can environmentally-friend- be developed. The Ba- ly “air taxis” will fly varian Air Mobility Strat- (semi-)autonomously with egy is geared to creat- Dr. Markus Söder electric propulsion sys- ing optimum conditions Minister-President of Bavaria 4 Editorial

New times in aviation – BEAM takes off Autonomous Electric Flying in Bavaria

Like no other technology, electrification speaks about autonomously flying is changing aviation. It not only makes eVTOL (Electric Vertical Take-Off and aircraft more silent and less polluting, it Landing) Air Taxis. also enables new aircraft concepts like dis- Electric aircraft, for a long time just a tributed propulsion, and also is the base theoretical dream, become reality. The for autonomous flying, vertically-launched electric revolution has inspired and changed air taxis and delivery drones. aviation more than any other develop- The Bavarian State Government has set ment in the last 60 years. With small elec- itself the goal of making Bavaria a leading tric motors so-called „distributed propul- pilot- and production region for individual sion“ are possible, and thus more efficient autonomous air traffic. aircraft designs. Up to now a large high Looking at the huge economic potential drag engine or turbine did hang at front of which experts see in this new Urban Air the plane and the designers had build the Mobility (UAM) sector due to the world- plane around it. wide interest and huge potential market Now you can first design a highly efficient volume of this field and its role in an elec- aircraft and then place suitable electric tric mobility concept on the ground and motors where the thrust is needed and in the air this development can help Ger- helps to control the aircraft by differential many keep her leading position in devel- power. oping future transports technology con- For example, you can build the most cepts like in the past - cars, aircraft, fast aerodynamically efficient wing and fully trains etc. stabilize its inherent instability with com- Just a few years ago, many observers said puter-controlled electric motors like the that electric flight would come at some NASA X-57 Maxwell plane. But inde- point, but no chance in the near future for pendent drive units eVTOL (electric flying with the blessing of the authorities Vertical Take Off and Landing) become - autonomous flying vertical takeoff small so possible. aircraft. Others in the field of electrical But it is not just the electric motors them- aviation were convinced that the electric selves that are important, but also the flight would only be able to grow to an advances in computer science and Artifi- economy of scale if the new vehicles will cial Intelligence (AI). Only together these be flown autonomously. Today, almost technologies are creating a disruptive everyone - pilots, politicians and media - moment in aviation. With them the new, Editorial 5

digitally controlled e-aircraft fly vertically A co-production of: and autonomously. This makes it possible that soon not only a few eVTOLs will fly around but soon thousands of these machines will be used for manned and unmanned air transport. With the support of: Thus, an „economy of scale“ is created, which pays off the huge investment in these aircraft. That’s why Google, Airbus, Boeing, Daimler, Siemens, Bosch and many others Walter Fürst are investing in these new eVTOLs and CEO media mind related infrastructure. GmbH & Co. KG Bavaria is ahead in many areas of these technologies and has so good chances that it will stay that way with the right support. Not only top players - start-ups and established multinationals like Volocopter,

Lilium, Siemens, and Airbus are active Willi Tacke CEO here, also many suppliers developing the Flying-pages components for the electric flight and the autonomous operations are based in Ba- varia. In addition, universities such as the Technical University of Munich, and organisations like the state owned BavAIRia want to ensure that the right biotope is developed to develop the Masthead: necessary technologies. Publisher: media mind GmbH & Co. KG With test areas and the connection to Hans-Bunte-Str. 5 other segments of autonomous mobility 80992 Munich/Germany Phone: +49 (0) 89 23 55 57-3 (key players like Audi and BMW locat- Telefax: +49 (0) 89 23 55 57-47 E-mail: ed in Bavaria), this can become a verita- [email protected] ble fertilizer for the growth of the new www.media-mind.info green traffic technology in the third Managing director: Walter Fürst, Jürgen Bauernschmitt dimension. Design + DTP: Jürgen Bauernschmitt This magazine BeaM (Bavarian E-Tono- Prepress: media mind, München Responsible editor: Ilse Schallwegg mous AIR Mobility) will help answer Printed by: grafik+druck, München the most important questions and make Published annually: 1 x annually electric autonomous flying in Bavaria © 2019 by media mind GmbH & Co. KG No part of this magazine may be stored, copied or attractive and an economic factor. reproduced without the written consent of the editorial office Advert 2. CP BAYERN INTERNATIONAL Foreword Dr. Markus Söder 3 Minister-President of Bavaria Editorial 4

Advert 9 FlyingPages bavAIRia e.V. 10

bavAIRia: Extended test range for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) planned for new operations profiles Contact: Dipl.-Ing. Erwin V. Lauschner, Dipl.-Ing. Peter Schwarz, Special Airport Oberpfaffenhofen Flying pages GmbH 12

Electric Urban Air mobility Rises Around The World Author: Willi Tacke FlyingPages GmbH Business Location Bavaria 14

Bavareia – Partner of the World and Busioness Location with Future Contact: Bavarian Ministry of State for Economy, Infrastructure, Transport and Technology TUM München 16

Contributions to meet the Challenges of the third Revolution in Aviation Author: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel Institute of Flight System Dynamics TUM Quantum-Systems GmbH 20

German UAV manufacturer Quantum-Systems Contact: Quantum-Systems GmbH

Table of contents Table Volz Das Servo.

Volz Servos – German Manufacturer of Actuators since 1983 Contact: Volz Servos GmbH & Co.KG

Delta System Solutions GmbH 23

How can Safety & Reliability minimise costs across the complete product lifecycle? Contact: Stuart Baskcomb Delta System Solutions GmbH Augsburg Innovations Park 24

Augsburg Innovations Park with the Technology Centre Augsburg Contact: Augsburg Innovationspark GmbH Wolfgang Hehl, Managing Director The City of Augsburg 25

Augsburg – a leading production centre Contact: Stadt Augsburg Wirtschaftsreferat

The Special Airport 26 Oberpfaffenhofen Where Tradition meets Vision Contact: EDMO-Flugbetrieb GmbH A joint project from BEOS AG & TRIWO AG Prof. Dr. C. Juckenack, Dr. D. Wurstbauer astopark Oberpfaffenhofen 28

The asto Park Oberpfaffenhofen Campus of Technology Contact: Dipl.-Ing. Ekkehart Fabian Dr. Bernd Schulte-Middelich AEE Aircraft Electronic Engineering GmbH 29

AEE GmbH – Specialist in autopilot systems Contact: AEE Aircraft Electronic Engineering GmbH

Ingolstadt 30

Exploring the third dimension Contact: Hans Meier, Council Manager Stadt Ingolstadt

SIEMENS AG 34

Key technology for electric flight Contact: Frank Anton Executive Vice President of eAircraft at Siemens AG

Unmanned Aerial Systems 36

Unmanned Aerial Systems in Research and for Research Applications Author: Prof. Dr. Mirko Hornung Technical University Munich Table of contents Elektra Solar GmbH Solar Elektra SyrphusGmbH HUAWEI AutoFlightXGmbH AtenaSilver Bavariain Airbus Advert Advert Advert ControlGalileo Center HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES DUESSELDORF GmbH DUESSELDORF TECHNOLOGIES HUAWEI Dr.Contact: Walter Weigel, Dr. Lipka Michael contribution Huawei’s airspace: digital future Europe’s Officer Operating Chief Bittner, MatthiasAuthor: mobility aerial of future the – AutoFlight GmbH Engineering System Electronic Atena Silver Aerospace WendelinContact:Director Sales Reverey, technologies new with Flying Smart Dr.Contact: Thellmann Andreas unmannedpropulsion vehicles and mobility, air electric Bavaria: Urban inAirbus www.techsat.comContact: Platform ADS2TechSAT with integration real to virtual From GmbH SolarElektraContact: stratosphere the to way its on GmbHElektra Solar Melanie Schmidt, DLR GfR mbH Navigation Services ServicesNavigation mbH GfR Schmidt,MelanieDLR Air-Mobility-initiatives. Bavarian the of ground common a operation as digital infrastructure secure their and andSafe Sight of Voss,Andreas LineCEO (FH) Dipl.-Ing. LL.M.(oec), Author: Visual Beyond is Drones of Way The AutoFlightX GmbH AutoFlightX Mobility Air Urban Airbus Syrphus GmbH Syrphus www.elektra-solar.com TechSAT media mind GmbH & Co.& KGGmbH mind media atenasilver Contact: Prof. C. Arbinger, C. Prof. Contact: Oberpfaffenhofen 4. CP 4. CP 3. 42 50 48 46 45 40 39 38 FlyingPages MEANS... PAGES ABOUT FLYING

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bavAIRia: Extended test range for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) planned for new operations profiles

By 2035, the world-wide market volume for emission free passenger transport is expected to grow to 75 b$. Meanwhile, the fast-growing market for UAS is creating new jobs especially in “beyond visual line of sight” (BVLOS) operations in various fields of new services. The Bavarian Government is supporting new developments in this future oriented domain. Bavarian Companies and research centers have developed world class solutions. Consequently, these advantages must be further developed, therefore test areas for practical operational testing are needed all over Germany. The Bavarian Aerospace Cluster bavAIRia e.V. has been working for over five years in organizing the UAS Forum in this field. Beside conferences, workshops and networking events, they also managed the first German UAS Test Range at different locations. It´s now time to shift into second gear. The experimental Airport Oberpfaffenhofen near Munich, Germany Bavaria is a great asset, as it has testing experience with the German Aerospace Center (DLR) including UAS applications from bavAIRia members.

Objectives for the extended Test Range for unmanned, Electrical Flying (TUEF) in Bavaria Building the pilot region for Air Taxis and UAS, a dedicated test range for developing hardware, software and adequate procedures within a realistic operations environment is fundamental. The following objectives are essential: Development, testing and operation of UAS, Air Taxis and electrical powered Aircrafts

Components and procedures State Secretary F.-J. Pschierer (currently Bavarian Minister of Economic Affairs) Sept. 2015, for safe integration into airspace H. Steinberg (Member of the Board bavAIRia) E.V. Lauschner (bavAIRia), A. Kohle (CFO Grob Aircraft Systems), F. Seibel (CEO), A. Busse (CFO Quantum Systems) at the opening of the Testing of new applications German Test facility for UAS in Mattsies, Bavaria under realistic operational/ en- tures for automatic landing / ways of cooperation between re- vironmental conditions charging facilities search, universities and industry, including start-up companies, can Extending step by step exiting Benefits of New Test Area flourish even more with the close VLOS test area to BVLOS area Bavaria and Germany, both bene- vicinity of practical test facilities fit from the vast opportunities this supported by the local government. Use of existing infrastructure new facility offers to improve exi- A strong interest for partnership

bavAIRia e.V. e.V. bavAIRia and expansion with new fea- sting and new business ideas. New between industry, university and bavAIRia e.V. 11

start-up companies exists. Invest- bavAIRia, as project coordinator, the sake of developing a market ment partners for infrastructure invites all interested members of for safe, unmanned electrical air are also available. the community to join forces for traffic world.

State Secretary F.-J. Pschierer (former Minister for Economic Affairs) at the opening of the German Test facility for UAS in Mattsies, Bavaria 9. UAS Forum at Technical University of Munich (TUM), Dec. 2017

Next Steps bavAIRia e.V. Currently, the analysis of re- bavAIRia, the Bavarian Aerospace Cluster is representing, since 2006, over quirements of future users is taking 300 members (75% are SME) in the field of Aerospace in Bavaria. It is located place followed by the finalization in Oberpfaffenhofen, near Munich, Germany. The overall objective is to of financial planning and funding. foster the cooperation between industry, small and medium enterprises Furthermore, discussions about (sme), universities, research institutes and politics and improve the overall international competitiveness of this sector. installing a safe airspace of 60 km length is being conducted as well Special Airport Oberpfaffenhofen as measurements for a safe integra- Friedrichshafener Straße 1 tion and cooperation within the exis- D-82205 Gilching, Germany ting airspace. New technologies T +49 8105 272927-0. [email protected] using mobile networks including www.bavAIRia.net LTE 5 will be introduced.

Contact: Dipl.-Ing. Erwin V. Lauschner Director Aviation bavAIRia

Dipl.-Ing. Peter Schwarz Managing Director bavAIRia

Special Airport Oberpfaffenhofen

Friedrichshafener Straße 1 D-82205 Gilching, Germany T +49 8105 272927-0 bavAIRia Paris Air show exhibition Stand 2017 with J. Heitzmann, A. Gundel, (Members of [email protected] the bavAIRia Board), P.Schwarz, (Managing Director),Team C. Labitsch, E.V. Lauschner www.bavAIRia.net 12 Electric Urban Air mobility Rises Around The World

The world of transportation is changing faster than ever, and electric drive technology and autonomous operations are driving this change in all areas on the ground, the water and in the air. As individual transport on the ground is confronted with more and more difficulties, all players look for new opportunities. So the urban air traffic will be a part of an overall solution. Airliner manufacturers like Airbus, Boeing, Embraer are investing in this field as well as multinational electronic companies like Siemens, Bosch, GE, and Intel, as well as the Internet companies like Google,Tencent and last but not least the car manufacturers from Audi to Geely and Mercedes up to Toyota are all investing in Urban Air Mobility (UAM). About three years ago UBER the globally successful ride sharing company started a hype with its Elevate Program and with this launched the entry of other players which will be essential for the success of this new form of mobility - as they are necessary to build up the new infrastructure. City governments like LA, Paris and Shanghai are interested as well as logistic companies like the Chinese JD, Amazon and DHL and last but not least even traditional transport companies like DB (The German Railway) look into this field.

The SITUATION As so many companies and inves- tors go UAM obviously also the consulting companies like McKin- sey and Morgan Stanly look into this field and try to judge the development volume of this new market and they are predicting fast growing future. By 2035 -2040 the world-wide market volume is expected between 500 billion to 1.5 trillion (Morgan Stanley) USD for emission free transport - including autonomous flying Urban Air Taxis and the fast-growing market for UAS especially in “beyond visual line of sight” (BVLOS) The Volocopter- Made in Germany - was the first manned Multicopter which flew operations in various fields of new services. This new technology will create millions of new jobs and copter, Grob etc., which means eVTOL companies are ramping opportunities. also aviation oriented universities up around Munich - BavAIRia e.V. like the TUM (Technical Univer- now has the task to create the Like in several other countries the sity Munich) and a large number right environment to let them Bavarian government is sup- of mid-size supplier companies. grow and keep their leading role porting new developments in this The Bavarian government supports in this booming part of the avia- future oriented domain. Bavaria this by the state owned company tion market. On the following has a long tradition in aviation, BavAIRia e.V. which manages the pages we introduce BavAIRia and

Flying pages GmbH pages Flying with companies like Airbus, Euro- AEROspace cluster. As many some Bavarian e-aviation players. Flying pages GmbH 13

board with these new technologies for Urban Air Mobility? State of the art technologies for electric propulsion and battery development, as well as artificial intelligence, two of the most promising fields of technology are the basis for UAM. So those regions in the world where these technologies are developed will be the key players of the future transport technology on the ground and in the air. And there are players around the Bavarian Prime Minister Markus Söder exploring the Simulator of the Bavarian eVTOL world competing. Kitty Hawk, the comnpany AutoflightX Google financed eVTOL company, is testing its prototypes in Las Vegas Bavarian companies and research environmental conditions (US) and New Zealand. eHang is centers have developed world class Extending step by step exiting already flying passengers in a test solutions. Consequently, these VLOS test area to BVLOS area mode in China. Dubai and Singa- advantages must further be devel- Use of existing infrastructure and pore want to start test areas for oped. Therefore test areas for prac- expansion with new features for eVOL Air Taxis in the next year tical operational testing are needed automatic landing / charging and Norway is about to electrify its all over Germany. facilities. regional Air Transport. The Bavarian Aerospace Cluster bavAIRia e.V. has been working for over five years in organizing the UAS Forum in this field. Beside conferences, workshops and networking events, they also managed the first German UAS test range at different locations. It’s now time for shifting into second gear. The experimental airport Oberpfaffen- hofen near Munich, in Bavaria The eHANG 216 an competitor made and flown in China Germany is a great asset, as it has testing experience with the At the same time the Bavarian city This is an international competition National Research Agency DLR of Ingolstadt together with the where only the best technology including UAS applications from partners Audi and Airbus is laun- worldwide will win and at the bavAIRia members. ching an incentive to become a moment Bavaria has a good starting Test Region for integrated New position. Test areas for autonomous Urban Mobility – which includes electric flying in Bavaria Urban Air Mobility. Author: Building the pilot region for Air Bavaria and Germany both benefit Willi Tacke Taxis and UAS, a dedicated test from this new facility and the vast range for developing hardware, soft- opportunities to improve existing ware and adequate procedures with- and new business ideas. New ways in a realistic operational environ- of cooperation between research, ment are fundamental. The follow- universities and industry, including ing objectives are essential: start-up companies, can flourish Development, testing and opera- even more with the close vicinity of Flying pages GmbH tion of UAS, Air Taxis and practical test facilities supported by James-Loeb-str. 27 82418 Murnau electrical powered aircrafts the regional government. Germany Components and procedures Tel.:+49 (0) 8841 / 487 515 mob:+491716980871 for safe integration into airspace International developments fax:+49(0)8841 / 496012 Testing of new applications Why is it so important for Germany [email protected] skype & Wechat: flyingwilli under realistic operational/ as a technology country to be on 14 Bavaria- Partner of the World and Business Location with Future

The Free State of Bavaria ranks among the most economically strongest regions of Europe. Thanks to an offensive economic policy and a first class infrastructure, Bava- ria is and remains a location with future. A productive network of "global players" and a wide class of efficient small and medium-sized enterprises exists to ensure growth and employment for almost all sectors.

The Free State of Bavaria covering Cost relief of the economy more than 70,000 km2 is the largest in global competition Federal state in Germany in terms Release of free enterprise of area and with a population of dynamics for the benefit of 13 million people is the second lar- more growth and employment gest Federal state after North The free state of Bavaria is Support of the economy in the Rhine-Westphalia in terms of inha- the largest Federal state in structural change in the line of bitants. Apart from the indisputable Germany in terms of area, „new products, new enter- and the second Federal state advantage as a living and leisure loca- in Germany measured in terms prises, new markets“ tion, Bavaria enjoys an excellent of the inhabitants Through further development reputation worldwide primarily as a and expansion of the infra- high-tech and service location. Com- structure pared with other countries in Euro- based on the motto „Save – pe, nearly all national economic data reform – invest“, the state and has reached peak values. administration in Bavaria are being made fit for the future. Successful race to catch up Germany and Bavaria In an unprecedented race to catch New Element up, Bavaria has developed from accompanied by an above average „Cluster policies“ being an Agrarian state with an employment dynamic. As a result, This is the next logical stage in above average level of unemploy- the number of employees subject the offensive of Bavarian innova- ment and a below average econo- to social insurance contribution tive policies geared towards the mic value-added at the end of the regulations has increased by „High-Tech-Offensive“ and the Second World War into a first almost one quarter and is thus „Future of Bavaria“ offensive. rank economic power. A low rate considerably greater than in all Through the application of cluster of unemployment compared with other federal states. policies, the existing state measu- all other federal states, a far higher res for the promotion of innova- proportion of self-employed per- Offensive economic policy tion are being expanded by orga- sons and a high level of immigra- In the context of an offensive nising the networking of eco- tion primarily during the last ten economic policy, the Bavarian nomy and science. years verify this fact. The rapid state government is pursuing four These clusters can basically be

Business Location Business Bavaria Location upswing in Bavaria has been strategic primary objectives: subdivided into: Business Location Bavaria 15

European Patent Office

Nuremberg Wieskirche

High-Tech clusters structure is first rate in the key sec- e.g. biotechnology, aviation and Munich Airport tors of transport, energy and tele- aerospace, medical engineering, en- communications. The large num- vironmental technology ber of foreign companies that have Production oriented clusters been set up in South Germany e.g. automotive, energy, within the last few years and de- engineering, logistics, sensors cades, bears testimony to Bavaria‘s Cross-sectional technologies high degree of attractiveness as an e.g. nanotechnology, international innovation location for new materials, mechatronics high-quality research and develop- The cluster policy should create Munich Exhibition Centre ment activities and productions. momentum to intensify the dyna- And last but not least, Bavaria has a mics between companies and re- handcraft and service sectors ensu- variety of attractive „soft“ locational search establishments and optimise res economic strength. The indus- factors: world class culture, intact possibilities for cooperation trial sector is dominated by the environmental conditions, high re- industries of automotive and creational value, a cosmopolitan out- Prepared for the future mechanical engineering, biotech- look, interior security as well as so- The structure of the Bavarian eco- nology and medical engineering as cial and political stability. nomy is robust and future-orien- well as energy and transport tech- ted. A productive network compri- nology. In the service sector, Bava- Source: sing „global players“ and a wide ria holds leading positions in Ger- Bavarian Ministry of State class of efficient small and medium- many as an insurance, banking and for Economy, Infrastructure, sized enterprises in the industrial, stock exchange centre. The infra- Transport and Technology 16

Contributions to meet the Challenges of the third Revolution in Aviation

To fly has been a dream that haunt- amounts of funding involved. The spurred by rapid innovations in ed humankind since its dawn. For second revolution – the introduc- non-aerospace domains – high- centuries, however it remained a tion of the jet engine – was a child integrity computing power, capable mere wish. It was a general view of that era. sensors, and highly efficient power that the complexity is so high, that So the simple rule resulting from electronics, all becoming available only large institutions spending the first two revolutions was: All at low weight, volume and cost. tremendous amounts of money and aircraft look the same and aviation This does not only enable new dedicating large efforts could suc- is tremendously expensive. markets and applications like ceed in making the dream of flying However, the high level of com- unmanned aerial systems or air come true. After multiple attempts monality in the configuration of taxis, it also helps to reduce the of Samuel Pierpont Langley, heavi- all the vehicles facilitated the stra- entry level costs to dimensions ly supported by the Smithsonian tegy used in the past to make fly- which are again within the reach of Institution, failed in late 1903, there ing safer. Learning from accidents, start-ups and small and medium was the conclusion that it would new rules, design and production sized enterprises. This coincides take many more years until pow- guidelines were continuously with more and more venture capi- ered flight was a reality. established leading to very de- tal from successful self-made entre- Just a week later, it was up to a tailed specifications in the air- preneurs that follow visions with small enterprise, the Wright Cycle worthiness code and the related excitement rather than conserva- Company from Dayton. Ohio, to “mainstream” acceptable means of tively hiding behind piles of justifi- kick off the first revolution in avia- compliance on how an aircraft cation documents. – The cutting tion by successfully demonstrating must be built. – In retrospective, edge of aerospace is returning to powered flight of a manned aircraft. many address this approach as small companies and innovators It was more engineering ingen- “Certification by Design”. where it once started, tremendous- iousness, passion, dedication and Over the last couple of years, the ly increasing dynamics and leading the hard and excellent work of third revolution started – first with to a rejuvenation of parts of the Wilbur and Orville Wright rather silence, now boldly. Electrification industry. However, now all the than money that lifted the Wright and Automation of Aviation is new vehicles look very different – Flyer off the ground in the windy dunes of Kitty Hawk – far away from public attention. From that day on, almost all aircraft looked the same – wing, fuselage, and empennage. The choice to make was high or low wing aircraft and only some rare daredevils were even more unconventional by put- ting the empennage to the front. While pioneers and entrepreneurs drove aviation in the early days, the two world wars and the following cold war turned it a governmental

TUM München TUM and public industry with gigantic TUM München 17

applied to support different industrial product developments. The first cornerstone is the use of simulation – the immediate answer would be “well, everyone is doing that”. However, the specialty here is not the simulation of an existing physical system but an executable implementation of the desired system behavior of the future vehicle before its development commences. This can be used to validate if requirements that seem independent when available in textual form are non-contradicting and compatible to each other. It allows to get a much more intuitive and eVTOLs featuring many propel- requirements. Now with many new illustrative assessment of require- lers, tilt mechanisms, different disruptive changes and radically dif- ments than textual formulations. topologies of lifting surfaces, new ferent configurations, new ways are Furthermore, already here issues types of propulsion systems and required for properly addressing related to the technical feasibility many more innovations. This those questions. of a new system may be uncovered. immediately means that it is no The Institute of Flight System Then, these executable “Dynamic longer possible to cover all con- Dynamics of Technische Univer- Specification Models” and “Re- figurations by a set of detailed sität München is providing new quirement Assessment Models” can design rules. Therefore, FAA and processes and tools to ensure a be used to derive hard fact based EASA, at least in the small aircraft high maturity at very early project numeric requirements on systems, domain (Part 23) replaced the old stages, a fact based validation of the subsystems, components and items, airworthiness code by a slim set of requirements and continuous veri- e.g. for actuator bandwidth and rate. performance objectives. This marks fication and traceability of their To uncover weaknesses and flaws a shift in paradigm from “certifica- correct implementation over the in requirements and designs, two tion by design” to “certification by development process. The methods are used – Subset Simula- performance” – in a way a revoluti- toolchain roots on the MathWorks tion and Counter Optimization. on by itself. And especially FAA is software suite together with SIE- Those methods assume that most very proactively endorsing industry MENS Polarion extended with requirements in a performance consensus standards as acceptable further solutions for configuration based probabilistic environment means of compliance, increasing management, verification, Hard- specify the admissible probability at agility and speed at which aero- ware-in-the-Loop testing and con- which an inequality constraint may space can follow the state of the art tinuous integration. It is important be violated. in other domains. to mention that it is a fit for purpo- Subset Simulation is a stochastic However, this also means that it is se process, which is currently propagation method using Impor- no longer possible to count on the learning curve from previous aircraft. That raises many questions – What are the right requirements? Are those consistent, complete, unique and correct? How do I design my system? How would I prove compliance of the implementation with the performance requirements? In the past, with a steady evolution, most of the answers came from experience on previous projects as well as directly from certification 18 TUM München

tance Sampling to drastically and analog signal stimulation, multi very robust to uncertainties and decrease the number of samples constellation and multi frequency which allows the computation of required compared to a conventio- GNSS can be stimulated in a classical linear stability metrics. nal Monte Carlo Simulation while closed loop manner as well as static The controller design is split up in still providing valid predictions with and dynamic pressure. For charac- reference model, error controller, the same coefficient of variation by terizing gyro error models, a turn control allocation, controller para- splitting simulations to assess low table is available. meter design and the supervisory probabilities into a chain of subse- quent higher conditional probabilities. Its specific strength is the analysis of uncertain systems where the distributions of the contributing parameters are known. The TUM Institute of Flight System Dynamics was the first to apply this in aviation – however, the methodology is well established and widely accepted in other domains like finance and insurance math or for risk and safety assessment in civil engineering. Counter Optimization uses optimal control methods specifying time histories of available system con- The whole development process is tasks consisting of moding, voting trols and disturbances to intention- integrated into a GIT based Con- and monitoring. ally violate requirements. It builds tinuous Integration Framework. The test cases and conditions along on falcon.m, the optimal control Implementation of Software Based with the Requirement Assessment framework of the TUM Institute Functions is performed in a process Models, which are defined very of Flight System Dynamics, availa- following DO-178C and its sup- early during requirement capture, ble for download from the institute plements. A vast number of auto- are consistently applied throughout homepage. The Optimal Control matic checks helps to ensure stand- the whole development cycle – Problem (OCP) is discretized ard compliance. from requirement validation, via using collocation. For flight control functions, the verification in different design stag- Fault trees and minimum cut sets availability of dynamic specification es (prototyping, code, processor in for logics and state machines are models is leveraged by incremental the loop, hardware in the loop, automatically generated by lever- dynamic inversion, a modern con- aircraft in the loop) to flight aging the property proving capa- trol methodology that proves to be testing. Traceability between tex- bilities of Simulink DesignVeri- fier. A tool called ExCuSe (Exclusion of Cut Sets), which has been developed at TUM- FSD, performs this task. Bidirectional traceability is ensured by SIMPOL, another tool available for download on the institute homepage that links artefacts between POLARION as the requirements management tool and the MathWorks domain, where also extensive use is made of the Simu- link Test Manager. For Hardware-in-the-Loop Simu- lation, a TechSAT ADS2 based system is used, which is fully integrated in the development process. Beyond normal bus and discrete TUM München 19

ment of complex functions for novel aerial vehicles. Especially when no experience is available due to application of disruptive technologies, concepts and configurations, the fact driven process introduced above helps to signifi- cantly reduce the development risk and supports the whole system development form original system specification to verification.

Author: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Florian Holzapfel tual requirements, formalized eVTOL aircraft and conventional requirements (in terms of Require- fixed-wing aircraft of different ment Assessment Models), func- sizes and maneuverability. Having tion implementation, test case, collected significant experience by condition and harness and test flight testing of transition UAS, we results is managed by SIMPOL. have moved well along the learning Lehrstuhl für Flugsystemdynamik / More than 30 postgraduate re- curve. Institute of Flight System Dynamics searchers at different levels support Based on the methods and pro- Technische Universität München the described process at the TUM cesses mentioned above, the TUM Boltzmannstraße 15 D-85748 Garching Institute of Flight System Dy- Institute of Flight System Dy- Phone: +49 (89) 289-16081 namics. Among others, current namics offers unique capabilities Fax: +49 (89) 289-16058 applications are transition UAVs, for the specification and develop- e-Mail: [email protected] 20 German UAV manufacturer Quantum-Systems

Quantum-Systems GmbH was founded in 2015 in Munich and is specialized in the development and production of automatic, electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) fixed-wing drones for civilian use. 40 employees are working inten- sively on combining reach and electric efficiency with the ability to vertically take-off and land (VTOL) without additional equipment.

CEO Florian Seibel: “Our passion is the continuous development of unmanned aircrafts. With our complete solutions, Quantum-Systems Tron UAV with LiDAR Scanner setup increased yields in agriculture, planning security in infrastructure projects and aircraft. It has both, the convenient land in even the most difficult civilian safety functions can be easily handling of a helicopter and the areas. High payloads for a variety achieved.” sophisticated aerodynamics of an of sensors (RGB, LiDAR and airplane. The systems therefore NDVI combinations) in addition Unique feature – are up to 100 times more efficient to the long enduring and efficient eVTOL fixed-wing system than regular multi-copter-drones construction provide an ideal plat- The eVTOL fixed-wing UAVs of but equally easy to control. form for civil use. If it is agricul- Quantum-Systems unite the tural research (e.g. crop health), benefits of helicopters and air- The aircrafts provide a space effi- industrial inspection (e.g. pipe- planes in one new innovative cient and safe way to launch and lines or hazardous areas like the nuclear hazard in Chernobyl), volumetric calculations of stock- piles or security and surveillance missions - The product fields are widely spread.

Quantum-Systems offers two models with this technology. The Tron UAV has a maximum payload of 2 kg and the Trinity / Tri- nity F9 UAV, the smaller sister, offers 550g payload for various sensor configurations. The design enables flight times of up to 90 minutes per battery charge. The Trinity UAV in long duration flight over Bavaria

Quantum-Systems GmbH Quantum-Systems Thanks to the proprietary mission Quantum-Systems GmbH 21

planning software QBase, the preliminary planning of the mission is straightforward and process-oriented. The entire work process enables very large areas to be covered in the shortest possible time and all spatially relevant data to be acquired.

„The intellectual property of our hardware and software is not dependent on third-party products and enables us to optimize the entire system for the needs of our customers.“ confirms Flo- rian Seibel.

In Autumn 2018 Quantum- Systems introduced an enhanced version, the Trinity F9 to the market. This model is identical to its base model but with added Post-Processing Kinematics (PPK) which enables the operator to boost accuracy of the GPS signal to 2-5 cm compared to the standard GPS accuracy of ~1-3 meters.

Together with the Trinity F9 an addon for the mission planning software QBase was published and extends the range of func- CEO & Founder of Quantum-Systems GmbH Florian Seibel tions with Live Air Traffic visu- alization. This feature increases a niche here, since it can cover an situational awareness for the area of 900 hectares in a single drone operator during flight. flight. The size and weight of the Especially for beyond visual line sensors pose special challenges to of sight (BVLOS) missions this the UAV and Tron is unrivalled in feature is mandatory to guarantee its class in terms of flight time and Company profile: safe UAV operations. transport safety of the expensive Industry: Electric automatic VTOL equipment. capable drones Laser-assisted sensors, so-called Year of foundation: 2015 LiDAR scanners, are also being The products are already available Employees: > 40 used more and more frequently in worldwide and resellers receive a Turnover 2017: 1.2 mil Euro the drone industry. Known from detailed product demonstration in Address: Quantum-Systems GmbH the automotive sector, these sen- order to be able to provide sup- Sonderflughafen Oberpfaffenhofen sors are in demand for all tasks port for their customers. Friedrichshafener Str. 2 that require detailed point clouds. 82205 Gilching, Germany For example, a ground relief New potential sales partners are E-Mail: [email protected] under the densest vegetation can invited to inform themselves first- www.quantum-systems.com be mapped with centimeter preci- hand about the products of Quan- sion within a few minutes (the tum-Systems GmbH at a so-called same applies, for example, to „Demo Day“. industrial plants such as pipelines or power lines). The Tron UAV Details can be found at in particular is successfully serving www.quantum-systems.com 22 Volz Servos – German Manufacturer of Actuators since 1983

In 35 years – now in 2nd generation – Volz Servos has established itself as the world-market leader and expert when it comes to compact, highly efficient electro mechanical actuators. Through a wide and diverse product portfolio, Volz actuators are utilized in various industries and applications, from The wide and diverse product portfolio of Volz Servos is used in various industries medical and laboratory devices, robotic and applications applications and unmanned systems (UAVs) to manned aircrafts. Even with the smallest DA 15-N well as high tech start-ups. customers can easily reach MTBR Together with the Institute of An actuator is a device which con- of 2,000 operating hours and Flight System Dynamics at the verts a control signal into mecha- more. The various health moni- Technical University of Munich nical movement, for example toring capabilities are either com- (TUM), the German Aerospace moving the elevator and vertical municated through a serial RS Center (DLR) and other institu- rudders of an UAV or operating 485 or CAN Bus interface. The tes, Volz has already developed the throttle of an engine. There- servo is e.g. used in the Textron several innovative products. Just fore, every actuator comprises a Aerosonde, Insitu ScanEagle as to name one of the projects, cur- DC motor, a gear train and con- well as in the Zipline project, de- rently Volz is developing a fully trol electronics governed by livering blood in Rwanda. automatic test-flying device under microprocessors and sensors. the German Federal Aviation Using intelligent firmware and Research Program (“LuFo”) to- engineering, Volz actuators can gether with the TUM. This will meet the highest customers‘ make flight testing more accurate demands. Volz developed full and efficient. brushless actuators, using brush- By moving to a new headquarter less DC motors and contactless, in Offenbach am Main (20min to wear free position sensing sys- Frankfurt Airport) with more ca- tems to reduce the maintenance Customized actuators for special purpo- pacity and a larger production site, and minimize down-times. ses - Volz Servos is specialized in adapting Volz is preparing for the future its products to meet customers‘ require- Volz specializes in adapting its ments and underlining its position as the products to meet customer market-leader and reliable partner requirements and in developing One of the unique selling points for the industry. completely new solutions. This of Volz is that all actuators are includes mechanical solutions “Made in Germany” under strin- such as adaptation to HALE gent quality controls (ISO (High Altitude Long Endurance) 9001:2008) and are individually Contact: applications - 90,000ft altitude or tested before delivered to custo- Volz Servos GmbH & Co. KG for deep sea projects down to mers worldwide. Based on those Heinrich-Krumm-Straße 5 6,000m /20,000ft water depth as quality features, precision and the D-63073 Offenbach Phone +49-69-985580-0 well as actuators with electro- continuous urge for innovation, Fax +49-69-985580-40 magnetic clutches for optionally Volz is a valued partner for global e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.volz-servos.com piloted vehicles (OPV). companies, research institutes as 23 How can Safety & Reliability minimise costs across the complete product lifecycle? At Delta System Solutions GmbH, we believe that the electrification and autonomy of air vehicle systems are key enablers for the air transportation system of the future. However, transportation by autonomous air vehicles is still in its infancy and any early accidents would lead to a loss of trust in the technologies, stunting the growth of the industry. This is why the intelligent application and use of both safety and reliability activities are more important than ever.

According to Delta System Solu- „Lilium Jet Flying (credit: Lilium GmbH)“ tions co-founder and partner, Stuart Baskcomb: “The Safety and Reliability ves that Delta System Solutions existing S&R analysis, as well as train- methods in themselves are not complicated. would be a good choice for somebo- ing/consultancy for your own staff. The intelligent part comes from knowing dy looking for S&R support, becau- how best to apply them to a product or se: “We established Delta System Solu- For further information or to arran- service in order to optimise the design tions GmbH specifically to conduct ge a meeting with one of our team and minimise costs over the entire de- aviation Safety and Reliability assess- to discuss your individual needs, velopment and operational lifecycle.” ments. Our know-how comprises both email us now at BeAM@delta- products and operations and, with this system-solutions.com. An optimal design efficiently com- holistic view, it is possible to achieve the About Us plies with certification & customer most efficient system. One additional The company was established in 2013 requirements with no unnecessary bonus is that the use of an independent by 2 experienced Engineers. Our head elements. Insufficiencies in design specialist company like us will make the office is based in Munich and we have an engineering office at the Zentrum für can (at best) lead to late, expensive Design-Safety independence argument Luft- und Raumfahrt in Wildau, near changes to achieve compliance unambiguous, whilst of course main- Berlin. We are ISO 9001 certified by TÜV and hold an AÜG permit to loan our with certification and customer taining our customers‘ high levels of staff to clients in Germany. requirements. Unnecessary re- quality”. dundancy means unnecessary de- Contact: velopment and operational costs. A How can we help? Stuart Baskcomb smart approach to Safety & Reliabili- We are independent Aviation S&R ty (S&R) assessments avoids over- specialists with an established reputa- conservatism, as well as minimising tion through our contribution to the the risk of nasty surprises during successful certification of a variety of operations. If this is conducted by Aerospace products & services. somebody with good S&R experience, the desired results can be We have the experience and know- Delta System Solutions GmbH achieved very efficiently. ledge it takes to perform any or all Phone: + 49 (0)1577 6370102 Email: aspects of your S&R assessment [email protected] Delta System Solutions co-founder needs. Our expert service can also www.delta-system-solutions.com

and partner, Robert Muirhead, belie- provide an independent audit of Delta Solutions System GmbH 24 Augsburg Innovation Park with the Technology Centre Augsburg Location factor innovation competence

The new challenge in the aerospace industry is faster and more economical production, automation, greater flexibility and above all increased resource efficiency in the use of energy and materials throughout the entire production and use cycle of the aircraft.

To meet these challenges, Augs- burg has founded one of the largest economic development projects. The Augsburg Innovation Park with the Technology Centre Augsburg is an economic devel- Simulated aerial image, Innovation Park, Photo: © KCAP Architects & Planners opment measure of the city of Augsburg and the Region of in the 70-hectare Innovation Park cessing Technology IGCV and Augsburg, supported by the Free or work closely together with the ITA Institute of Textile Tech- State of Bavaria, the Economic research institutions as a project nology Augsburg as well as the Chambers as well as further insti- group in the 12,000-m2 Technolo- central offices of the Bavarian and tutions. gy Centre Augsburg in order to federal cluster institutions in the improve production processes and fields of carbon fibre, the environ- products. 40 users such as start- ment, mechatronics, digitization ups, regional businesses and glob- and aerospace. al players are already on site. The innovation competence is In the modern event area, over also supported by excellent spe- 15,000 specialists have exchanged cialists provided by the university, information and experience on technical colleges and further technological topics in the past 2 educational institutions. years. 13 technology-oriented research institutions from the Welcome to the Augsburg Aero- above-mentioned technology fields space Area! Technical Centre Hall in the Technology Centre Augsburg, Photo: © Wolfgang Hehl are active in the Park and provide important contributions to mov- Contact: The goal is to support innovation ing the aerospace industry for- Augsburg Innovationspark GmbH and technology transfer for busi- ward – such as the DLR German Wolfgang Hehl, Managing Director nesses in the field of aerospace, Aerospace Centre, the AMU Am Technologiezentrum 5 lightweight construction, fibre Application Centre for Material D-86159 Augsburg Phone: +49(0)821 80 90 30 60 composites, mechatronics and and Environmental Research, the Email: automation, digitization, industry Fraunhofer Research Institute for [email protected] www.augsburg-innovationspark.com

Augsburg Innovation Park Innovation Augsburg Technology companies can settle Casting, Composite and Pro- 25 Augsburg – a leading production centre

Factors that favour Augsburg

tute for Materials Resource Man- to the international City Airport agement and the Fraunhofer Re- Augsburg or find a generous space search Institute for Casting, Com- for their aerospace-related pro- posite and Processing Technology duction companies. The Airport IGCV as well as network structures of Augsburg is appealing due to like Carbon Composites e.V. and its maximal flexibility (no slots), MAI Carbon are world-leaders in suitability for all weather condi- many activities. tions (ILS) and short distances Augsburg Inner City Photo: © Ruth Plössel for international business travel or maintenance or training flight traffic. LOCATION FACTOR PRODUC- TION COMPETENCE The economic region of Augsburg is a leading production centre of the European aerospace industry with our 20,000 people employed within one hour from Augsburg. Pioneer- ing companies like Messerschmitt and Piccard are writing aerospace history here. Augsburg inner city Photo: © Ruth Plössel We offer a unique concentration of small specialists and world market leaders with competences in aircraft LOCATION FACTOR QUALITY construction throughout the entire Air Park / Airport Augsburg OF LIFE value creation chain. Here the Photo: © Siegfried Kerpf Augsburg offers not just good work- essential components of renowned ing conditions but also the best qual- products are produced, such as parts LOCATION FACTOR AERO- ity of life and excellent prospects for of ARIANE rockets or AIRBUS SPACE-RELATED SPACE AVAI- the future at an attractive cost of and BOEING airplanes or comple- LABILITIES IN THE AIR PARK living. High security, intact nature, a te aircraft such as AIRBUS HELI- Besides the Augsburg Innovation state theatre, a university clinic, an COPTERS. Park, aerospace-related business international school, diverse cultural This is all made possible by produc- can also find an ideal location for offerings, multicultural population tion factories, large system integra- production, research and office and 2000 years of history can satisfy tors and global players of the indus- space in the Augsburg Air Park – the most various needs. try. Particular competence is availa- and at attractive conditions. This Contact: ble in the field of carbon fibre mate- commercial area has construc- rials. Here companies like the SGL tion-ready properties and is Stadt Augsburg Wirtschaftsreferat Group, Coriolis and Premium connected to public transporta- Rathausplatz 1 86150 Augsburg Aerotec, research institutions like tion and fiberoptics. Companies Phone +49(0)821-324-1550 the ITA Institute of Textile Tech- can position themselves as airport [email protected] www.wirtschaft.augsburg.de

nology Augsburg, the MRM Insti- service providers here right next Augsburg of City The

Trinity F9, electric unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), from Quantum-Systems GmbH 28

The asto Park Oberpfaffenhofen – Campus of Technology

Digitally connected, electrically the development and construction RUAG, the satellite manufacturer and autonomously flying... this is of air taxis. Improving mobility, as OHB and the DLR with its Gali- how many people imagine the air transport is clean, cheap, flex- leo control and robotics centre, aerospace industry of the future. ible and quiet, and the creation of more than 80 technology compa- With Autoflight X, Quantum-sys- additional jobs are key issues in nies have settled in the asto park. tems and Lilium, Oberpfaffen- this context. In a first step, a test The internationally operating hoffen is already the location for field for autonomous flying will be companies in the asto Park are the e-tonomous AIR Mobility and the set up in Oberpfaffenhofen, where ESA BIC Incubator, the aircraft hotspot for researching and testing companies based in the asto park manufacturer Dornier-Seawings, future-proof solutions. will be able to test their electronic Telespazio, OHB as well as com- The research and establishment of aircraft. The long-term vision is, panies such as the Diehl Group, air taxis is already a reality around that taxis could be used as a sup- Dassault Systèmes, Microchip, the asto Park, the internationally plement to public transport. SII, Mynaric, Valeo, Vectoflow, known aviation location and cradle While the Aero-Taxis are still in pro-beam and Coherent. of the German aerospace industry. the development phase, drones This is where the urban mobility like those from Quantum-Systems of the future is being tested. The are already flying around the asto Park is at the forefront of world. Drones are already provid- digital, electrical and autonomous ing valuable services in the areas of mobility. parcel services, medicine deliveries At the Mobility Conference of the to remote areas and pest control Metropolitan Region of Munich, on plantations in Malaysia. the special prize "Innovation" was The asto Park and the research Contact: awarded to the asto park-based airport in the southwest of company Lilium. Lilium is cur- Munich are again officially the Dipl.-Ing. Ekkehart Fabian rently in the process of conque- hotspot of aerospace, according to ring the third dimension of lo- the Federal Ministry of Transport. Geschäftsführer comotion with its air taxi. Prof. Oberpfaffenhofen is one of the Florian Holzapfel from the TUM twelve nationally important air- reports that flying cars, recently ports. Innovative technologies in were still part of the realm of aerospace, satellite navigation, IT, science fiction, while today the mechanical engineering, robotics Dr. Bernd first ones are already in the air. and automotive are developed and Schulte-Middelich The market is exploding, says produced around the asto Park. Geschäftsführer Holzapfel, and there is an incred- Furthermore 8,000 sustainable ible spirit of optimism. „It’s such a jobs have been created. Here in cool time as it has not been for a the asto Park, young companies as long time,“ enthuses the professor. well as established technology At the presentation of their auto- companies, which want to use the ASTO Aerospace & Technology Park nomous aircraft in front of the dynamics of the location and GmbH Friedrichshafener Straße 5 Bavarian State Chancellery, Quan- bundle their activities, are addres- D-82205 Gilching tum-Systems and Lilium were sed. Phone.: +49 89 38 66 55 – 0 able to signal that Bavaria should In the immediate vicinity of the Fax: +49 89 38 66 55 – 22 eMail: [email protected]

asto Park Oberpfaffenhofen Park asto become the leading location for international aviation group 29 AEE GmbH – Specialist in autopilot systems

AEE focuses on order-related development and projects in the whole field of avionics.

Founding projects Furthermore, AEE is involved in different founding projects like a cost-effective Electronic Standby Instrument which allows acrobatic Mode Control Panel - Allows crew to select which parts of the aircraft‘s flight is moves or an Engine Data Monitor. automatically controlled AEE always cooperates with well- known aviation companies. The Aircraft Electronic Enginee- systems. The MCP is called such ring GmbH is a certified devel- because it contains controls that Services opment, production and mainte- allow the crew of the aircraft to Project management / -planning nance organization for avionic select which parts of the aircraft’s Conception and project systems. flight are to be controlled auto- definition In the course of the current trend matically. Research and development to autonomous flight systems, AEE Prototype development developed together with interna- Single and series production tional aviation companies and in Complete solution close collaboration with TU Training and documentation Munich an autopilot system based Service and support on a founding project of the DLR. RTCA DO160G and DO 178C Many companies like RUAG, Lil- certification lium, AutoflightX, Grob SE and so on benefit from this new Certificates system. EASA Part 145 The systems consist mainly of a (Ref.No.DE.145.0202) Flight Control Computer. Can be extended Flight Control Computer and a by different interfaces EASA Part 21G Data Concentrator Unit can indi- (Ref.No.DE.21G.0054) vidually and easily added by diffe- The company internal know how EASA Part 21O (Alternativ rent monitors, a Mode Control allows to react on individual Design Organisation) Panel and a Safety Pilot Monito- customer requirements. This en- DIN EN ISO 9001:2015 ring Panel. sures that e.g. different interfaces The Flight Control Computer can be implemented and confi- Contact: establishes a high-performance com- gurated. AEE Aircraft Electronic Engineering puting platform, with the capability GmbH of high-performance communica- Extensive product range Starnberger Str. 1 tion over multiple interfaces at the In addition, as a result of the long- 82229 Seefeld/Drößling same time. standing specialisation in electro- Germany Phone: +49(0)8152-9932-12 The Mode Control Panel is an nical detail and complete solution, E-Mail: instrument panel that controls an AEE GmbH developed a lot of [email protected] www.aee-gmbh.de

advanced autopilot and related other products. GmbH Engineering AircraftAEE Electronic 30 Exploring the third dimension

Ingolstadt region is pioneering solutions in the Urban Air Mobility Initiative

The experts agree: Anyone who Testing could take place in different has the advantage of a central wants to plan the future of urban sectors which provide a direct bene- location; all of Bavaria‘s large transport, needs to find new fit to the public; for example, in cities lie within a 100 km radius of pathways. The use of airspace, the emergency services, for the trans- it and, therefore, are within air "3rd dimension", is one of them. Air port of blood reserves and organs, in taxi range. In addition to flight mobility (e.g. flying vehicles) as a the area of public safety and traffic routes into the city and the re- means of transport, may provide a monitoring or in passenger transport gion, Ingolstadt‘s central position new, effective form of mobility. (air taxi). and the accessibility of other large This is where Ingolstadt and its re- cities, fulfils an important cri- gion fit in. In the course of drawing Ideal location conditions terion. up its digitalisation strategy in Ingolstadt is perfectly suited to be a „Ingolstadt is always ready to try February 2018, the city council un- research site for UAM. However, out promising technology to animously decided to become a pilot the city is taking a holistic approach improve the quality of its citizens. city by providing test areas for in its digital strategy; in addition to A pilot scheme for air taxis is the various forms of digital mobility. Urban Air Mobility, several other perfect fit for us and increases our Ingolstadt is participating in the EU digitalisation projects are also in pro- profile as a national centre for Urban Air Mobility Initiative to- gress – including in the areas of pioneering digital and autono- gether with the Free State of Bava- autonomous driving, artificial intelli- mous mobility. We are thus once ria, other administrative districts in gence, science and research, med- again, underlining our claim that the region and numerous stake- icine and biotechnology, and eco- we are a leading site for industry, holders from industry, research and nomy and trade. Ingolstadt also research and development“, innovation. The aim: To explore the offers outstanding infrastructural explains Dr Christian Lösel, Lord third dimension. conditions. Two major, international Mayor of Ingolstadt. mobility companies are based here: Various areas of application Audi and Airbus. In addition, there Over 40 project partners Urban Air Mobility (UAM), an are numerous mid-sized companies. The UAM Initiative is led by Air- initiative supported by the European The Technische Hochschule Ingol- bus and Audi, with the participa- Commission, aims to conduct prac- stadt and the emerging Fraunhofer tion of Eurocontrol and the Euro- tical studies to explore the use of Application Center form a function- pean Aviation Safety Agency. In aircraft for urban mobility. Pilot pro- ing research network. Just minutes June 2018, a manifesto of intent jects will examine which areas of away from the city centre, the Ingol- was signed at the Bavarian Minis- application are appropriate and how stadt-Manching Airport provides an try of Economic Affairs in the regulatory framework conditions air field for possible trials and test Munich. Among the signatories should be organised at the European runs and brigkAIR, a branch of present, were the Lord Mayor of and national levels. The public will Ingolstadt‘s incubator “brigk”, will Ingolstadt, Dr Christian Lösel, as be actively involved in the feasibility also be opened nearby. brigkAIR well as representatives of the studies, and the issues of noise and will focus specifically on mobility in European Commission, the Bava-

Ingolstadt safety will also be taken into account. the third dimension. Ingolstadt also rian state government and the sur- Ingolstadt 31

In Berlin, Ingolstadt‘s mayor, Christian Lösel, Bundestag member Reinhard Brandl, Grazia Vittadini from Airbus, Minister of State for Digitalisation Dorothee Bär, German Transport Minister Andreas Scheuer and Abraham Schot from Audi signed a joint declaration for UAM. Photo: BM Verkehr rounding administrative districts. Brandl, member of the German make road traffic in cities more Other well-known institutions parliament. The German Trans- comfortable, cleaner and will save and companies which have been port Minister, Andreas Scheuer, space – which means better qua- involved from the very beginning, said: “Germany has always been a lity of life for the people. Mobility include the German Aerospace pioneer in aviation. Air taxis are in the third dimension can make a Center, Munich Airport, the no longer a vision; instead, this is valuable contribution to this in the Fraunhofer Application Center, the take-off for a new dimension future,” underlined Audi‘s current Klinikum Ingolstadt, Technische of mobility. They open up en- CEO, Abraham Schot. “We really Hochschule Ingolstadt and the tirely new possibilities, for exam- appreciate the commitment made Katholische Universität of Eich- ple, for patient transport in cities by the city of Ingolstadt and sup- stätt-Ingolstadt. In addition, and metropolitan areas. And they port the development of the re- numerous other partners have represent a great opportunity for gion as a testing ground for air since joined the project (42 in companies and new start-ups, taxis,” said Schot. The city of total, see info box). Any com- which are already actively and suc- Ingolstadt is working closely with panies, academic institutions and cessfully driving forward develop- Audi, including on projects involv- associations that would like to ment. With testing in real-world ing autonomous driving. participate in the initiative are operation, Ingolstadt is recogniz- welcome to get in touch (e-mail: ing and taking advantage of these Collaboration with [email protected]). opportunities – in terms of being administrative districts a strong location for innovation.” The city of Ingolstadt will not “Entirely new possibilities” The Minister of State, Dorothee take on the challenges of digitali- The bid received significant sup- Bär, Federal Commissioner for sation alone, but will work closely port just one day after the mani- Digitalisation, emphasised the sig- with the Region 10 administrative festo of intent was signed in nificance of the pilot project: “By districts. At its association meet- Munich. In Berlin, another decla- global comparison, Germany is a ing, the Ingolstadt Region plan- ration was signed by the Trans- country with a small surface area. ning association agreed to become port Minister Andreas Scheuer, We cannot widen all of our roads a model region for digitalisation. the Minister of State for Digitali- to six or eight lanes. This is of The city of Ingolstadt and the sation Dorothee Bär, Abraham course why air taxis will be a part Eichstätt, Neuburg-Schrobenhau- Schot from Audi and Grazia Vit- of mobility in the future, and at an sen and Pfaffenhofen administra- tadini from Airbus together with affordable price.” “Networked, tive districts want to lay the foun- Lord Mayor Lösel and Reinhard electric and autonomous cars will dations for establishing a digitali- 32 Ingolstadt

This was only about finding con- crete application examples and establishing the necessary structures and the legal and technical requirements for their implementation. Around 70 representatives from approximately 40 companies, institutions and organiza- tions attended the kick-off work- shop. Several working groups were also organized at this meeting (“Infrastructure and Technology”, “Strategy and Economy”, “Use Cases and Public Relations”). In October, all the participants assembled for another meeting, at Signatories of the Manifesto of Intent of the UAM Initiative (EIP-SCC ): Dr Vassilis Agouri- which they caught up on the das (EIP-SCC UAM Initiative Leader (Airbus)), Dr Reinhard Brandl (Member of the German preliminary findings and discussed Parliament), Dr Christian Lösel (Lord Mayor of Ingolstadt), Dr Marion Kiechle (Bavarian Minister of Science and Art), Franz Josef Pschierer (Bavarian Minister of Economy, Energy the further course of action. A and Technology), Gerhard Eck (State Secretary for the Interior), Josef Zellmeier (State concept paper clarifying open Secretary for Housing, Building and Transport). Photo: StMWi questions regarding routes, financ- ing, safety, noise, approvals etc., is sation region. Mayor Lösel re- level that we find ourselves at scheduled for the end of the iterated: “I am very grateful to the today. There is still no digitalisa- second phase. At this point, it is district administrators and the tion region in Bavaria; we have still too early to tell when this will districts for joining us on this path the opportunity to take on a be concluded. Only then will a to becoming a model region for pioneering role here. It is crucial decision be made about whether digitalisation.” The state secretary that we approach the initiative or not this theoretical concept will in the Ministry of Economic together, as an entire region.” lead to a practical model test Affairs and former district admin- (third phase). istrator of Neuburg-Schrobenhau- 70 attend the kick-off sen, Roland Weigert, said: “The As the first step, (June/July 2018) Test flight in Amsterdam megatrend of digitalisation has the the interested project partners For the first time, Audi, Airbus same revolutionary impact that came together. The second phase and Italdesign presented their the invention of the steam engine then began with a kick-off work- “Pop.Up Next” project in action had in its time. If we want to pre- shop (end of July 2018), in which at the Drone Week in Amsterdam serve the prosperity and security all the participants presented their at the end of November. The of the region for the future, com- different ideas for the first time. innovative air taxi concept competence qualification in the area of digitalisation is strategically significant. And therefore, I see no alternative but to embrace this initiative for the model region for digitalisation.” Anton Knapp, District Administrator of Eich- stätt, explained: “The bid for the Urban Air Mobility project demonstrates how well positioned this region is. We should take advantage of this optimistic atmosphere of change and we should support all initiatives.” Martin Wolf, District Administra- tor of Pfaffenhofen also stressed: “The critical question will be how The joint “air taxi” project from Audi, Airbus and Italdesign was presented for the first our region can remain at the high time in Amsterdam at the end of November. Photo: Audi Ingolstadt 33

and efficient air taxi service in large cities as early as the next decade – multimodally, in the air and on the road. The city of Ingolstadt also used Drone Week to present and introduce the Ingolstadt initiative and the planned projects to an expert audience.

Contact: Hans Meier Council Manager

Stadt Ingolstadt Governing Council bines a self-driving electric car with the vehicle platform which then a passenger drone. During the drove away from the test site Rathausplatz 2 85049 Ingolstadt first official test flight, the flight autonomously. The air taxi is still Phone: +49 841 3 05-20 00 module successfully set the pas- a 1:4 scale model, but Audi custom- [email protected] ingolstadt.de/uam senger capsule down on target on ers could be using a comfortable

Project partners of the Urban Air Mobility Initiative in Ingolstadt (in alphabetical order)

• Airbus • Eurocontrol • Airbus Gesamtbetriebsrat • European Innovation Partnership on • Audi AG Smart Cities und Communities • Audi AG Gesamtbetriebsrat • Flughafen München • Bauhaus Luftfahrt • Globe UAV GmbH • Bayerischer Städtetag • Handwerkskammer für München und Oberbayern • Bayerisches Rotes Kreuz • IHK München und Oberbayern • Bayerisches Staatsministerium • IMA – Flugplatz Ingolstadt-Manching für Wirtschaft, Energie und Technologie • INDRA Navia AS • Bayerisches Staatsministerium • INVG – Ingolstädter Verkehrsgesellschaft des Inneren, für Sport und Integration • IRMA – Initiative Regionalmanagement • Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst • Italdesign • Bayerisches Staatsministerium • Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt für Wohnen, Bauen und Verkehr • Klinikum Ingolstadt • BEE appliance GmbH • Landkreis Eichstätt • BFFT aeromotive GmbH • Landkreis Neuburg-Schrobenhausen • brigk – Digitales Gründerzentrum Ingolstadt • Landkreis Pfaffenhofen • Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur • Media-Saturn-Holding • Bundeswehr – Wehrtechnische Dienststelle • MTU Aero Engines AG • Deutsche Bahn AG • Quantum-Systems • Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt • Rohde & Schwarz • DGB Stadtverband Ingolstadt • Stadt Ingolstadt • EASA – Europäische Agentur für Flugsicherheit • Technische Hochschule Ingolstadt 34

Key technology for electric flight Hybrid-electric drive systems are clearing the way for sustainable aviation and new mobility concepts in the air

Air traffic will continue to grow Distributed electric drive systems around the world in years to come. will facilitate nimble, stable This makes the task of further maneuvering: through the indivi- reducing the long-term negative dual control of rpms or the torque impact of flying – particularly the of every power plant or, if the

CO2 emissions from fossil fuels – electric drive systems is designed that much more imperative. as small, lightweight tilt rotors, DA40 with a serial hybrid drive system Siemens is developing the key following its maiden flight in November through vector thrust in various technology that will bring about 2018: The joint project of Diamond directions. And they will do so these improvements: hybrid-elec- Aircraft and Siemens eAircraft demon- while producing comparatively tric drive systems. They will be an strates the technical feasibility of a little noise and pollution – natu- decentralized drive architecture. essential part of efforts to develop rally assuming that a correspon- an environmentally conscious form production makes it possible to ding energy mix is in place. of flight, one with fewer pollutants physically separate the drive In the process, flying electric and lower noise emissions. systems. Such airplane designs can drive systems could help improve Equipped with hybrid-electric reduce air drag. Separated drive the carbon footprint of not only drive systems, plane engines can systems can also take over the fun- the aviation industry, but also of generate their power from non- ctions of an airplane‘s directional the entire transport sector. fossil fuels or electricity instead of control. Siemens has already made very exclusively using fossil fuels. This strength of hybrid-electric good progress in its work to Completely new technologies like and electric drive systems is being develop electric drive systems for fuel cells could also be used to applied by the developers of cur- aviation in a range of performance generate power. rent air taxi concepts, ideas that classes. Hybrid-electric drive systems can have been presented in recent As part of the partnership conclu- be more efficient than conventional years as a sustainable way to com- ded with Airbus in 2016, Siemens systems if individual components plement municipal transport sys- is focusing on developing hybrid- for various flight phases are optimi- tems. e-VTOL will be designed to electric drive systems for regional zed: the gas turbine for cruising ease the pressure on truck and train and short-hop planes as well as for flight and batteries and electric transports. This may be an appea- the electric octocopter CityAir- drive systems that provide support ling idea to many large metropoli- bus. during the peak performance peri- tan areas: In the wake of urban Siemens drive systems are already ods required by climbs. Energy can spread, urgently needed climate being used in the area of light and be recovered while the plane is lan- protection and the ever-increasing sports aircraft. A 260kW electric ding. demand for mobile lifestyles, cur- drive system, the SP260D, is These systems also create a new rent mobility models have reached being tested on board the Extra world of freedom for the designers the end of the line. 330LE. The performance potenti- of planes and power plants. Separa- The electric motor will be a key al of the drive system was under-

Siemens AG ting energy generation from thrust technology for air taxis as well. scored in 2017 when the electri- Siemens AG 35

dards in order to receive the necessary authorization. The technology for air taxis and (hybrid-) electric fixed-wing aircraft will have to be systemati- cally enhanced before it reaches the stage of product maturity. One next destination on the technology roadmap for Siemens is commuting. In Bavaria, where Siemens eAircraft has concentra- ted its forces on locations in Erlangen, Munich and Ottobrunn, the development unit works with Air taxi CityAirbus: the demonstrator of Airbus‘ four-seat e-VTOL is being jointly partners who have far-reaching developed with Siemens. It will be powered by eight distributed motors. expertise in aviation and the development of electrical systems. cally retrofitted aerobatic plane drive systems. “Up to now, you The groups are working jointly set climbing and speed records for have been able to get about a kilo- on concept studies. They already its class and completed the first watt of power from a kilogram of agree on one point: Mobility and solely electric towing job for a gli- electric machine,” says Dr. Frank aviation will have a future only der. In the spring of 2018, a Anton, head of the eAircraft unit with the help of electric and hybrid-electric Magnus eFusion hybrid-electric drive systems. completed its maiden flight – fully electric Magnus eFusions equipped with Siemens drive and battery systems have been flying since 2016. International companies like Bye Aerospace, Smartflyer, Eviation Dr. and RS.aero are development Frank Anton partners and customers for other drive systems in the range of 50 to a quarter megawatts and inte- Innovative design: the Siemens SP200D grate Siemens technology into with exceptional torque density has been innovative aircraft concepts. optimized for use in the e-VTOL. Despite these successes, huge technological leaps must be taken at Siemens. “For commercial avia- Dr. Frank Anton, Executive Vice Pre- before the future of hybrid-elec- tion, you will need 10, 12 kilo- sident of eAircraft at Siemens AG – tric power plants is reached. watts, and, actually, 20 would the physicist who has been a mana- It will require a tenfold increase in ideal.” The SP260D has already ger at Siemens for many years today‘s standards before a plane produced potentially record- initiated the innovative project to develop electric and hybrid-electric the size of an A320 can be lifted breaking power density of 5 power systems for aviation at Sie- into the skies by hybrid-electric kW/kg. To boost this level even mens AG. The passionate pilot and further, Siemens is using high- flight instructor also likes to slip tech material and technologies of behind the yoke himself. the future. Siemens expects to receive the test results from the Contact: development of a 2 MW drive Dr. Frank Anton Executive Vice President eAircraft system in the summer of 2019. It Siemens AG is confident that its power density Corporate Technology will set new standards. Next47 Projects Developers are facing challenges CT N47P AIR Fully electric glider tow: The Extra 330LE Guenther-Scharowsky-Str. 1 is a test plane for a 260 kW electric drive not just in terms of size and 91058 Erlangen system with potentially record-breaking weight, however. The technology Phone: +499131 1740370 E-mail: [email protected] power density. must meet the highest safety stan- 36 Unmanned Aerial Systems in Research and for Research Applications

Technological evolution in electronics and software engineering has let to tremendous performance improvements and significant miniaturisation of electronic components. Increas- ingly smaller sensors, computing and communication systems still at enhanced performance levels, enable the use of smaller aircraft systems also for complex or even completely new missions and tasks. Even in the consumer segment, it is nowadays possible, to complete tasks with advanced drones, that have not thought feasible in the past. Considering these technological advances, research is confronted with two main questions in the Fig. 1: Simulation of a UAV on a search mission in mountainous terrain domain of unmanned aerial vehicles: 1. Do technological developments carry sensors or other payloads, while rather for the best combination of lead to completely new designs the majority of applications is focus- aircraft and payload system. In addi- and applications for advanced sed on optical sensors for pictures, tion, further systems like communi- unmanned systems? videos, surveillance as well as carto- cation systems for data transmission 2. Is it also favourable to utilize graphy. For these applications the affect the mission effectiveness of unmanned aerial systems in UAVs mainly acts as the airborne such a system. research tasks? “carrier” for the payload in a way to To tackle those strong couplings The research on unmanned aerial optimize the quality of the between the different systems in a systems is integral to a multitude of pictures/videos. The optimum result UAS design, the Institute of Aircraft research activities at Technical Uni- during the task is thus depending on Design is working on new approa- versity Munich, among others in the the optimum interplay between the ches to optimal designs for UAVs domain of aircraft design. At the “carrier” respectively aircraft and the under consideration of the sensor Institute of Aircraft Design resear- sensor itself. Smaller sensors with and payload system as well as other chers are working on the following less performance may be carried by affected systems like the communi- scientific topics: smaller aircraft, which have to fly cation system and the electrical pro- a) Design environment for un- lower, but at the same time are light- pulsion and energy systems. In manned aerial vehicles (UAV) er and less costly. At the same time, order to derive optimum designs in b) Advanced UAV configurations the covered area per time unit for this systems engineering task, a c) UAVs as demonstrators for novel such a system is much lower than for novel UAS design environment has aircraft technologies bigger aircraft that fly at elevated alti- been established, which allows for an tudes carrying bigger sensors with integrated assessment of the UAS Design environment for unmanned aerial vehicles higher performance. The optimisati- interacting with its (virtual) environ- (UAV) on problem of an Unmanned Aerial ment (terrain, buildings, weather, UAVs as well as consumer drones System (UAS) therefore is no lon- multiple types of targets) as part of

Unmanned Aerial Systems Systems Aerial Unmanned are used in most application cases to ger a search for the best aircraft, but the design process. Only through Unmanned Aerial Systems 37

in the utilization of UAVs in demonstrator programmes. In the course of the EC funded H2020 research project FLEXOP (Flutter Free FLight Envelope eXpansion for ecOnomical Performance im- provement) a modular flying demonstrator with 7m wing span for the inflight testing of highly flexible wing structures is currently being build up. The project targets for the Fig. 2: Transition-UAV: high efficiency in cruise flight while providing vertical take-off and landing capabilities demonstration of novel control concepts to fly highly efficient wing such an integrated approach, lead- These new architectures are de- structures beyond their classical ope- ing to a full mission simulation and signed at the Institute of Aircraft rational envelope. This could lead to mission performance evaluation, an Design utilizing the design environ- further reductions in aircraft weight overall optimum in the UAS design ment for UAVs, enabling the design leading to a better vehicular effici- may be found. synthesis as well as the performance ency. Testing beyond the flutter assessment of such novel configu- boundary will lead to an increased Advanced UAV configurations rations. Originating from the “virtual risk for the demonstrator air vehicle The increasing performance of elec- product” demonstrator concepts are due to a possible structural failure of trical components, motors and actua- being build utilizing rapid proto- the wing. A risk which is addressed tors does enable complete new con- typing techniques established at the more easily with an unmanned figurations especially in the domain institute to perform early concept demonstrator. of small aircraft, as they are used in verification through ground and unmanned aerial applications. Com- flight testing. bining these new propulsion and control technologies in combination UAVs as demonstrators for with novel structural design and pro- novel aircraft technologies Fig. 4: Unmanned demonstrator for duction technologies as 3d printing Unmanned aerial systems do also highly flexible wing concepts (EC H2020 or advanced composite materials provide unique features for the test Project FLEXOP) and demonstration of novel aircraft technologies. While manned de- Unmanned flight does enable a monstrator aircraft always require a multitude of new potentials and minimum size in order to carry the novel applications in aviation as well human on board during testing, as in every day‘s life. The Institute of unmanned aerial systems are pro- Aircraft Design at TUM does viding a higher flexibility in size and address these important questions in also functionality. On the one hand, multiple research activities as well as Fig. 3: UAV Iron Bird – System testing on smaller demonstrators may be real- part of the teaching courses and stu- component and overall system architecture level ized much cheaper and faster, while dent activities. they may also be used for more radi- Author: allows for completely new capabili- cal approaches and technologies, Prof. Dr. ties and functionalities of the air which could increase the risk for the Mirko Hornung vehicles. One example of this new demonstrator vehicle in early Head of Institute and advanced class of UAVs are full demonstration phases. of Aircraft Design electric transition UAVs, which At the same time, utilizing a UAV as combine the vertical take-off and a demonstrator vehicle also poses landing capabilities of helicopters new challenges to the user. Besides and multicopters with the superior well known questions regarding Technical University Munich cruise performance of fixed wing scalability of results from sub-scale Fakultät für Maschinenwesen aircraft (the classical aircraft design). testing to full scale applications also Lehrstuhl für Luftfahrtsysteme This combination allows for hybridi- topics like quality and precision of Boltzmannstraße 15, 85747 Garching Phone: +49.89.289.15980 sation well beyond the hybrid-elec- results as well as reproducibility Fax: +49.89.289.15982 tric propulsion system towards need to be addressed. TUM has [email protected] hybrid flight capabilities. assembled a wide range of expertise www.lls.mw.tum.de 38

Elektra Solar GmbH on its way to the stratosphere

Elektra Solar is a “spin-off” of the DLR Institute for Robotics and Mechatronics

At the forefront of the development various preliminary tests were are solar power-driven aircraft that able to be carried out there. As distinguish themselves through their the aircraft are not propelled by extremely lightweight design, their internal combustion engines, the virtually silent and low vibration fly- inhabitants in the area of the air-

ing, no CO2 emissions and their field are not subjected to any noise intended ability to fly unmanned nuisance. Up to now, Landsberg into the stratosphere. and the air base in Penzing have On the way, Elektra Solar has cleared Elektra Two Solar proven themselves to be the ideal the first hurdle as, in the late summer locations for this future-oriented of 2018, the first independent flight, propulsion and solar systems. The technology. including take-off and landing, were aircraft of the company have, up In future, the aircraft of the Elek- successfully completed. To be on the until now, been available in the tra Solar company will be used in, safe side, a pilot was on board who, variants OPS (Optionally Piloted amongst other things, not only however, did not need to intervene System), and UAV (Unmanned the areas of highly accurate 3D in any phase of the flight. Aerial Vehicle) with wingspans town and landscape models but from 11 to 25 m. also in the exploration of the stratosphere using appropriate, cus- The important technical data: tomer-specific sensor technology. Elektra One Another important market will be Wingspan: 13 m telecommunications due to the Weight: 320 kg increasing penetration of the Cruising speed: 80 km/hour internet. Here, it is intended to Max. flight duration: 7 hours deploy Elektra Solar aircraft plat- Elektra Solar E1 Altitude: 8 km (as an UAV) forms that can circle virtually unlimited in time at greater With its many years of experience Elektra Two heights than HAP (High Altitude in the fields of aircraft design, avion- Wingspan: 25 m Platform) and to serve as relay ics, electronics, autonomous flying, Weight: 600 kg (OPS variant), stations for data transmission. robotics and the development of 400 kg (UAV) Finally, the aircraft systems of safety-related software systems, Cruising speed: 75 km/hour Elektra Solar also represent the Elektra Solar also offers its support (OPS variant), 70 km/hour (UAV) optimum basis for the intelligent, in the preparation of aircraft plat- Flight duration: 20 hours (as an OPS interconnected mobility of the forms for customer-specific applica- variant), virtually unlimited as an UAV future (ground / air / space). tions. Altitude: 20 km (OPS), 22 km (UAV) In addition to aircraft platforms, Elektra Solar GmbH Elektra Solar is also recording an Thanks to the company‘s close Am Penzinger Feld 15 86899 Landsberg am Lech/Germany increasing demand for system proximity to the airfield in Pen- www.elektra-solar.com

Elektra Solar GmbH Solar Elektra components such as autopilot, zing near Landsberg, in the past, FROM VIRTUAL TO REAL INTEGRATION WITH TechSAT ADS2 Platform

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Airbus in Bavaria: Urban air mobility, electric propulsion and unmanned vehicles

From flying vehicles to helicopters on demand, Airbus‘ portfolio of ground-breaking projects is helping to make Urban Air Mobility (UAM) a reality. Airbus has established Bavaria as one of its prominent hubs for many of its activities in this space.

Airbus firmly believes in the potential of air mobility to trans- form our cities for the better. By pushing the limits of technology in the fields of connectivity, artificial intelligence, autonomous systems and electric propulsion, the company‘s aim is to develop sustainable mobility systems that bring minimum environmental impact and maximum societal benefit. To this end, Airbus is harnessing its expertise across the company to develop solutions that will help ease urban In 2019 the CityAirbus is entering the test programme at Manching airfield near Ingolstadt. congestion and offer viable alterna- tives to connect cities and regions. The real challenge for Airbus, Voom an on-demand helicopter Bavaria is home to some of Airbus‘ however, lies in safely integrating mobility service in Brazil and Mexi- numerous sites across the globe this new class of vehicles in the co, air traffic management and infra- which are working on identifying urban environment. This is why structure development, to partners- solutions to the future‘s most pres- Airbus isn‘t merely embarking on hip building and pilot projects. The sing urban air mobility challenges. the development of vehicles - as it Unit also steers the development of For Airbus, Urban Air Mobility has been doing for decades in Airbus‘ ongoing electric vertical (UAM) is not just about developing Donauwörth - but on a quest to co- take-off and landing (eVTOL) tech- new electric vertical take-off and lan- create an entirely new market that nology demonstrators, Vahana and ding (eVTOL) vehicles. In some sustainably integrates urban air CityAirbus. ways, that‘s the simple part for a mobility into the city context while The Bavarian element in this field is well-established aircraft manufactu- addressing environmental and social CityAirbus, a four-seater, electrically rer which has been designing, manu- concerns. Airbus believes that the powered, eight-rotor aircraft that can facturing and certifying flying plat- hurdles are less about technology take off and land vertically. CityAir- forms for nearly 50 years. For exam- and business models, and more bus is designed to transport up to ple, via its helicopters division, Air- about urban integration, public four passengers to major destinati- bus has had a decades-long presence acceptance and automated air traffic ons in large cities via fixed routes, in the market of vertical take-off and management. such as from the city centre to the landing (VTOL) with a broad range As a testament to its commitment in airport. The vehicle has been deve- of helicopters for different missions. this space, Airbus made the move to loped and manufactured at Airbus And in Bavaria, Airbus Helicopters‘ create a new UAM Unit in June Helicopter‘s Donauwörth. “Power Donauwörth site is the centre of the 2018 to host its ongoing UAM on”, the first run of the electrical

Airbus in Bavaria in Airbus German helicopter industry. activities across the company, from systems took place in October 2018, Airbus in Bavaria 41

surrounding region are increasingly noted as a centre for autonomous and digital mobility. In addition to the industrial presence of Airbus and Audi, the Technical University has distinguished itself in its mobility expertise and research in the field of new mobility concepts. Together with local research institutions and business incubators, these partners have formed a centre of excellence Airbus E-Aircraft Systems Test Lab at Taufkirchen for system integration testing of for autonomous and digital mobility CityAirbus electric propulsion system developed in collaboration with Siemens AG. and artificial intelligence. In Ingol- Testing of the full system on ground aims to verify the electric propulsion system func- stadt, UAM solutions will be tested tionality and performance considering its electric and mechanical dynamic subsystems interactions at mission envelope.Therefore the electric propulsion system and evaluated in a joint effort by under test consist of the electrical power unit (8x120kW motors), 800VDC power distri- local authorities, industry, academia bution units, (4x30kWh) Li-Ion battery stacks and the air vehicle flight control system. and the citizens. with the first flight anticipated in societal benefits. The certification Acting as a test bed for the UAM early 2019. It will be followed by an of a vehicle and the overall transport Ingolstadt initiative is the Airbus extensive test programme. The ve- system, operational security, and the Drone Centre in Manching. A key hicle‘s electrical systems have been regulations for commercial operati- enabler for flight testing of unman- tested at Airbus‘ ground test facility on in cities is one of the greatest ned aircraft and their enabling tech- in Taufkirchen near Munich. challenges of implementing UAM. nologies such as UTM, and anti-col- Taufkirchen is also home to the Air- By working and discussing with lision systems, the Airbus Drone bus E-Aircraft Systems House, which cities and regulatory bodies, Airbus Center is situated in the controlled aims to foster and accelerate electric- is using its expertise in aircraft certi- airspace of the Ingolstadt Manching hybrid systems, and is currently run- fication, airspace integration, and air Airport and works in collaboration ning system integration ground tests traffic management to stimulate dia- with the German Armed Forces‘ in support of flying demonstrators, logue on evolving legislation and WTD-61 test facility. The centre is notably E-Fan X and CityAirbus. regulation. open to third parties – from small Airbus‘ E-Aircraft Systems Pro- This is why in 2017, Airbus was and medium enterprises to acade- gramme pushes electric and hy- appointed to lead the UAM Initiati- mia. brid-electric technologies towards ve of the European Innovation Part- Airbus and its partners in the the required performance of up nership on Smart Cities and Com- UAM area will set up a complete- to 45 MW at alternating current munities (EIP SCC). It is city-cen- ly new market for mobility servi- level, which is what is needed for tric, citizen-driven initiative focused ces which will generate a strong electric and hybrid-electric flight of a on UAM interfaces with public push for new jobs and technolo- short-range passenger aircraft. transport; ATM/UTM (Air Traffic gies in Bavaria. The Bavarian go- The engineers accelerate techno- Management/Unmanned Air Traffic vernment‘s efforts to boost rese- logy steps and mature technology Management) concepts for UAM arch and technology for UAM is readiness. Airbus has been devel- and its integration in view of single contributing to the common goal oping, building and testing innovati- sky operations; determining the of making Bavaria a centre of ve hybrid propulsion systems and required UAM infrastructure; and innovative mobility concepts. sub-systems components since 2010, mobility as a service. The initiative because it recognises that from clea- aims to give rise to partnerships that Contact: ner, quieter travel to completely new will facilitate project applications and Dr. Andreas types of vehicles and operations, the could lead to applied demonstrator Thellmann impetus for electrification in aviation studies in EU cities. To date, 17 is exponential. European cities are onboard, with 12 However, the challenge of making projects scheduled to start in 2019, UAM a reality is bigger than any ranging from an exploration of air one company. It requires close coo- taxi use to how drones might benefit peration between private and public logistics hubs or deliver critical me- Airbus Urban Air Mobility stakeholders to set up the necessary dical supplies. Phone: +49 906 712 910 infrastructure and regulatory frame- One city involved in this collaborati- [email protected] www.airbus.com works that will ensure sustainable on is Ingolstadt. Ingolstadt and the 42

Smart Flying with new technologies

Silver Atena – System Supplier for Electric Flying

The 2018 Digital Summit held this December has reconfirmed that aerospace engineering and electromobility play a key role in the future strategies of both the Ger- man administration and the State government of Bavaria. The summit, on ‚Smart Flying with new technologies‘, featured presentati- ons and discussions on innovative air transport options. Both well- established companies in the aircraft industry and numerous start- ups are already working on mobility concepts based on autonomous electric air taxis. Autonomy and electric drives not only break new ground in terms of technical implementation, but also licensing and the legal framework in civil aviation, which are by no means clear at the moment. Though a large number of UAVs (un- Space-saving control unit for a 5-kW electric engine, © Silver Atena manned air vehicles) are already used in military applications, full Extensive portfolio new technical challenges of verti- autonomy is still a long way off As a supplier of safety-critical cal take-off light electric aircraft. given that today‘s UAVs are ope- electronic devices and power elec- Silver Atena‘s current portfolio rated exclusively with an operator tronics, Silver Atena has positi- offers customers of tomorrow‘s on the ground. oned itself early in the electric aviation industry certifiable techni- Autonomous electric air taxis for and autonomous flying arena, and cal solutions in key areas of elec- private transport will not emerge has much to contribute from its tric and autonomous flying: elec- overnight. The overall legal frame- many years of experience in de- tric drives and actuators, power work, especially, must be clarified veloping and manufacturing equip- supply and distribution including first. But piloted electric air taxis ment compliant with international battery management, and avionics do appear to be technically fea- aerospace standards and regulati- computer platforms for flight con- sible now, and logistics in particu- ons. The company has been a trol and route planning. Alongside lar – as one possible field of appli- sought-after equipment supplier its range of engine control units and cation – could take on a pioneer- in the aviation industry for deca- starters/generators, the company also

Silver Atena Atena Silver ing role. des and is beavering away on the offers hybrid drive solutions. Silver Atena 43

mum possible range. In other words, the concept type dictates whether operation requires more or fewer electric motors, which, moreover, must be highly efficient and fail-safe. But even traditional single-engine small aircraft equipped with an electric motor benefit from high specific efficiency through higher ranges and/or more payload. These electric motors are regulated by inverters, which provide the engine with the energy it requires. Along with the inverter – one of Silver As an example, a flight-control computer can be implemented on this powerful computer platform for highly-automated control of manned or unmanned small aircraft and Atena‘s core development skills – helicopters. © Silver Atena optimum coordination of the engine-inverter combination is Taking energy to the limit are among the most efficient in becoming increasingly important. In addition to the generation and the industry. Equipped with state- Consequently, Silver Atena is storage of electrical energy, the of-the-art semiconductor tech- working with partners on an opti- decisive factor in the success of nology, Silver Atena units deliver mal overall design for an electric electric flying is the efficient utili- over 98% efficiency across the drive consisting of an electric sation, i.e. the efficient conversion entire operating range – a level motor, an inverter, gearbox (possi- of electrical energy into drive unparalleled in the industry. bly), cooling and housing. Only power while always taking account interdisciplinary cooperation makes of total weight. Storage capacity Helping to advance it possible to develop an optimal and efficient utilisation both con- electric drives overall system in which even the tribute to a positive overall result. Drive technology in particular is basic design parameters of the Battery storage capacity is certain- one of the keys to mastering the aircraft manufacturer have to be ly still a limiting factor, but effi- challenges posed by new forms of scrutinised and potentially opti- cient, lightweight drives can at transport. Vertical take-off and mised. least partially compensate. Studies landing (VTOL) concepts require Silver Atena develops and delivers carried out at Silver Atena show maximum performance at mini- inverters for highly dynamic elec- that hybrid drive systems make it mal weight, which then enables tric drives. With voltages of up to possible to improve overall drive the aircraft to achieve the maxi- 900 V and outputs of up to 500 kW, efficiency, for example by increasing propeller efficiency. While the basic laws of physics still apply, low-loss use of the limited energy on board an aircraft is THE deciding factor in the competitiveness and acceptance of electromobility. Efficien- cy is another factor, determining range, payload and power limits. In recent years, Silver Atena has developed some innovative concepts for battery and energy management in on-board networks in both the automotive and aviation sectors, making optimum use of the technical possibilities without losing sight of cost and weight. One example is the com- DMCU, a compact high-performance duplex motor controller for a low-voltage electric propulsion system.© Silver Atena pany‘s DC/DC converters, which 44 Silver Atena

Silver Atena provides the aircraft industry with technical solutions for autonomous electric air taxis (Bildquelle: 123RF)

the inverter portfolio accommodates In future, as on a standard sched- critical systems developed and a host of electric drive applications. uled flight, the control will be tested to aviation standards, com- Using a modular approach with tried taken over by an on-board combining high performance with low and tested modules, Silver Atena can puter, which then uses autopilot weight and compact design,” says provide rapid solutions with low functions to handle every man- Josef Mitterhuber, Silver Atena MD. technical risks that meet the strin- oeuvre from take-off to landing. “We not only deliver concepts, but gent safety requirements of the avia- This computer platform can also also develop prototypes and mass tion industry from the outset. The independently take over route produce electronic system compo- inverters can be flexibly adapted planning, ferrying air taxi passen- nents that can quickly and safely based on available installation space gers fully autonomously to their overcome technical hurdles in the as well as for air or water cooling, desired destination. development of new air taxi mobili- producing a specific output of up to Silver Atena‘s Universal APC ty designs.” 15 kW/kg. (Avionics Platform Computer) is a powerful platform for highly Contact: Wendelin Reverey Flight control automated flight control of both and route planning manned and unmanned small Sales Director Aerospace If the aviation pioneers of the 21st aircraft and helicopters. The Uni- century are anything to go by, versal APC was developed with pilotless flying taxis will take off at anticipated safety classifications some point in the future. For op- and approval requirements in erators, this cuts out a proportion mind, and therefore covers a wide of the costs. For customers, it will range of application scenarios. Silver Atena Electronic System be a cheaper transport option. Featuring a wide variety of inter- Engineering GmbH Ultimately this offering should faces, it can be integrated in many Dachauer Straße 655 80995 Munich not be aimed at the well-heeled different avionics architectures. Tel.: +49 89 189600-3322 alone, but should appeal to anyone “Our role in the development of Fax: +49 89 189600-599 email: [email protected] as a real alternative to road taxis. these innovative aircraft is safety- 45 AutoFlightX – the future of aerial mobility

When Lisa Liu arrives at Munich airport by international flight, she realizes that she only has 25 minutes to her appointment close to Ober- pfaffenhofen. Rush hour has just started and she is sure that she will not make it by taxi, as the 60km ride will take at least one hour and ten minutes. Luckily, she is able to catch an aerial taxi from AutoFlightX booked via her smartphone that can make the 48km beeline for Ober- pfaffenhofen in 15 minutes. After directly accessing the Vertiport with- The Bavarian prime minister Markus Söder flying in the simulator of the prototype out leaving the security area, Lisa is aircraft of AutoFlightX. boarding her aerial taxi, together with two other passengers heading in Due to all these benefits, Auto- Now, the next step for AutoFlightX the same direction. After a smooth FlightX – a German GmbH – was is a full-size prototype to be flown in ride they arrive at the intended able to attract international financial the currently prepared flight-test area Vertiport close to Oberpfaffenhofen investment and cooperation with around Oberpfaffenhofen airport where a bus is leaving in 3 minutes, that will provide a perfect environ- bringing Mrs. Liu to her appointment due to its well-developed infra- ment – just in time. structure for testing fully automatic Of course, the story of Lisa Liu is operations. happening some time in the future – As we are currently very busy but a future much closer than expec- focusing on the technical develop- ted by many. ment of our first eVTOL aircraft, When Tian Yu founded Auto- we can only recommend to stay FlightX in early 2018, he already had tuned for what will be happening this vision in mind and thoroughly in 2019! Tian Yu, founder and CEO of AutoF- selected Munich as the perfect loca- Author: tion for his latest venture. Based on lightX, in front of the V24, an eVTOL tech demonstrator of AutoFlightX. Matthias Bittner his experience with Yuneec, the E- Chief Spyder and the E430 – the world‘s internationally renowned players in Operating Officer first two-seater electric trainer aviation, right to the heart of Bavaria. aircraft – the entrepreneur was very Using these assets, the company much aware of the ideal conditions already had a first successful flight of to be found in Munich: The combi- the V24, an eVTOL tech demon- nation of people, know-how, net- strator. Besides, AutoFlightX built up AutoFlightX GmbH work of partner companies and re- a simulation environment and a Friedrichshafener Str. 1 search institutions, regulatory simulator – for its first manned 82205 Gilching Phone: 08105 7989755 boundary conditions, and the well- eVTOL prototype – that has already Fax: 08105 7989775 renown “German engineering been flown by Bavarian prime Mini- [email protected] www.autoflightx.com

skills” are unique around the world. ster Markus Söder. AutoFlightX GmbH 46

Europe‘s future digital airspace: Huawei‘s contribution

Drones equipped with electric propulsion systems have seen rapid development in recent years. So have their civilian uses: initially used as toys, a number of practical applications such as surveillance and delivery are being explored, with passenger transport for medium distances expected for the near future. Such systems are expected to run autonomously or remotely controlled. This involves high bandwidth data needs, which will increase Fig. 1: Coverage of terrestrial and air to ground (ATG) LTE networks leave a gap between further with passenger transport ser- 300m and 3000m vices. On top of the need for reliable remote control, passengers expect not releasing it into the empty air more neighbour cells for handover access to their usual data services space. To prepare for a digitally ena- than on the ground. Combined with while travelling. bled sky, however, we will need to the motion of the device, the fre- This requirement makes cellular do more than just turning the anten- quency of cell handovers increases, mobile networks the first choice for na systems up. but the number of cell handover fail- flight control and flight traffic man- At Huawei, thanks to our global plat- ures increases as well. This behaviour agement. Cellular networks provide form, we have been able to carry out in turn degrades the latency of the an excellent solution for control, an in-depth investigation of the per- system. management, and data services by formance of cellular networks for 5G mobile communication will offer one infrastructure. drone applications. The free open numerous improvements for inter- SpeedSky platform was developed machine communications. To reap Future scenarios: requirements for this purpose, enabling a three- the full benefits of this for the digital & solutions dimensional analysis of the radio link sky of the future, we will need to At Huawei, we have developed a performance through real-time flight carry out more experimental work, scenario for low-altitude air traffic tracking. working together as a consortium using stretched-out, geo-fenced air One key field of research is mobility bringing together all stakeholders to roads with the support of cellular management. Findings related to air develop the corresponding technolo- networks. To meet all the require- traffic control include the degrada- gies and standards. ments, the cellular network coverage tion of the cell handover time, which needs to be extended into the medi- doubles at an altitude of 100m already A blueprint for the connected um air space. The current set-up (see fig. 2). Cellular network planning airspace: research & collabora- using a terrestrial LTE system and an uses beam antennas to minimise the tion for connected cars Air-To-Ground LTE system for number of installation sites. A cell is The A9 motorway between Munich high flying aircrafts leaves a gap bet- formed by the main lobe of the and Nuremberg is one of the most ween 300m and 3000m without any down-tilted antenna, though side heavily used roads in Europe. With- available communication system (see lobes cannot be suppressed com- out speed limits, it is a very fig. 1). The 300m upper limit of ter- pletely. While side lobes do not play challenging environment for auto- restrial cellular networks is the result a practical role in the terrestrial envi- nomous vehicles. In a project fun- of the down-tilt of LTE antennas, ronment, they are critical for the free ded by the German government,

HUAWEI which helps to save radio energy by air space. Flying devices identify Huawei and its partners Audi, HUAWEI 47

BMW, Rohde&Schwarz, Elektrobit, both competitive and secure. IPG, TUM/Fortiss and Cognition Through open collaboration with Factory gained key experience by ecosystem partners, Huawei creates using 5G technology for the com- lasting value for our customers, munications, control and in-car en- working to empower people, enrich tertainment in a real-life road en- home life, and inspire innovation in vironment field trial (see fig. 3). Low organisations of all shapes and sizes. latency, high reliability and high data At Huawei, innovation focuses on rates could be demonstrated at high customer needs. Huawei invests heav- vehicle speeds. ily in basic research, concentrating on This experience could easily be the technological breakthroughs that transferred for use in drones and drive the world forward. Huawei has Fig. 2: Increasing attempts for handover eVTOL (electric vertical takeoff at increased flight height results in more than 180,000 employees and and landing) air taxis. double handover time at 100m already operates in over 170 countries and Discussions with our partners from regions. Founded in 1987, Huawei is the automobile industry highlighted munications, Cloud and Big Data a private company fully owned by its the need for a platform for structured analytics. In addition to the A9 employees. debate between original equipment motorway field trial, Bavarian projec- In Europe, Huawei currently manufacturers (OEMs) and the ICT ts with Huawei involvement include employs over 11,000 employees and industry. This is why in 2016, we for instance a 5G trial at the TUM runs two regional offices and 18 created the 5G-Automotive-Asso- hospital and the 5G Vertical Industry R&D sites. So far, Huawei has es- ciation (5GAA) together with the Accelerator (5G VIA) developed in tablished 240 technical cooperation other founding members Audi, cooperation with the Bavarian State projects and has partnered with over BMW, Daimler, Ericsson, Intel, Government, City of Munich, Tech- 150 universities across Europe. The Nokia and Qualcomm. Today, it has nische Universität München (TUM), company contributes to many large- more than 100 global members, and M-Net. scale European research projects organised in 5 working groups. such as the 5G PPP. This initiative could serve as a model Background: about Huawei for future collaboration bringing the Huawei is a leading global provider ICT industry and the aircraft, drone of information and communications and eVTOL industries together to technology (ICT) infrastructure and jointly develop requirements, use cases, smart devices. With integrated solu- evaluations, standards and test beds. tions across four key domains – tele- com networks, IT, smart devices, and Bavaria: at the heart of our Euro- cloud services – Huawei is com- pean research effort mitted to bringing digital to every Contact: Munich is home to Huawei‘s biggest person, home and organisation for a research site. Work carried out at the fully connected, intelligent world. Dr. Walter Weigel local facility contributes to leading Huawei’s end-to-end portfolio of Vice President - European Research research in fields including 5G com- products, solutions and services are Institute

Dr. Michael Lipka Technology Management - European Research Institute

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES DUESSELDORF GmbH

Fig. 3: A9-project PROVIDENTIA on V2X 5G cellular communication: the image highlights European Research Institute Riesstraße 25, C3 OG the different communication paths used between different vehicles as well as between 80992 München/Germany vehicles and roadside infrastructure. 48 The Way of Drones is Beyond Visual Line of Sight

Syrphus GmbH offers services based on service contracts and working contracts related to unmanned systems and autonomous vehicles. The experience of our employees comes from manned aviation and our expertise in the field of multicopter services. Syrphus is the Latin-Greek name for a species within the family of hoverflies. The hoverflies are beneficial and eat aphids as larvae. With this animal as example, Syrphus creates new ways of flying.

Syrphus-Airframe The Syrphus GmbH has invented a new VTOL fixed wing configuration. This concept is very reliable due to its very simple design. Conse- quently, it can achieve higher ranges than conventional multirotor systems. The drone is controlled by three parts: two propellers and the weight element, which turns back and forth. With ongoing development of smaller electronics, the field of drone operations is more flexible. Equipped with a small camera it can quickly provide a rough overview in chaotic situations. In its small scale, it is very handy. If the mission requires a larger camera, greater range or lon- Transition from Hover to Gliding by Shift of the Weight Element ger flight time, the concept is scal- able. The used material is easily an additional fuselage segment. This port cargo in different sizes. customized, depending on the appli- drone allow many combinations. A Whether small, e.g. medicines or cation. The design provides inherent communication rail controls all blood bags, up to large deliveries, stability, also at very low velocities. modules and provides reliable flight. such as food during catastrophes or During high aerodynamic angles of Not only adjustable number of mo- spare parts, tools or other industrial attack, the wing prevents stall. Con- dules, also different sizes of the mo- sequently, the full bandwidth from dules grant adaption to different zero to maximum velocity is usable applications. Depending on the pur- for the Syrphus-Airframe. pose, adaption of the whole aircraft system is possible, in order to Modular Lift Units Concept achieve optimal efficiency and safety. The Modular Lift Units Concept Size of the payload is variable, too. evolve out of combining various The payload could be static, such as Syrphus-Airframes. A module con- cameras or special sensors, or alter- Syrphus Airframe during Wind Tunnel Tests

Syrphus GmbH Syrphus sists of two Syrphus-Airframes and nating. It will also be able to trans- Syrphus GmbH 49

USIC – U-Space Integration Center To fulfill all requirements in technology, application and legislation, Syrphus GmbH set up one of the first BVLOS test areas within Ger- many. The aim of the test site is to carry out tests not only under laboratory conditions. The environment is as real as possible. It covers all possibilities for validating an aircraft, for its use first within the visual LOS and later beyond visual LOS and 3D Sketch of the Syrphus Modular Lift Concept even beyond radio LOS. With individual objects for testing collision materials. With appropriate scaling ments must be ensured. These con- avoidance, different systems are avai- and consideration of all security sist, among other things, of the quali- lable within the airspace. Additional- aspects, the drone even becomes an fications of the individual operators ly, in the airspace an airfield is inclu- air taxi. An air taxi that consists of and participants. Flight planning take ded, which is equipped for sport modules and remains adjustable just also all necessary permits and corre- aircraft, for simulation of mixed traf- as easily as possible.

First Beyond VLOS Missions in Germany Drones are full of potential and are the main ingredients of many visions and future applications. Many of them involve the creation of footage and imagery from the air, such as pipelines and power line maintenance. The use of drones can signifi- cantly improve the work. However, Future Concept of the Syrphus Modular Lift Units Concept including several Use-Cases in Action to use the technology efficiently and at no extra cost, the next step in drone spondence in account, especially in fic. The airspace, with a size of more operations is flying beyond visual highly regulated areas such as Ger- than 2.5 to 2.5 km, guarantees the line of sight (BVLOS). A challenge many. Combination of technology, unique possibility to equip flight is the technical detail of the flight planning and legislation is the es- systems for the flight beyond system, including the data link to the sence of BVLOS flights. Syrphus VLOS. Syrphus offers the use of ground control station. In addition to GmbH got the first BVLOS mission this test area temporarily to third technology, the operational require- approvals within Germany. party manufacturers and provides consulting services concerning testing, validation and certification.

Author: LL.M.(oec.), Dipl.Ing.(FH) Andreas Voss CEO

Syrphus GmbH Zum Wendeplatz 3 D-21220 Seevetal, GERMANY +49 4185 9208041 [email protected] Award Winning Air Taxi Concept consisting of Syrphus Modular Lift Units www.syrphus.com 50

Safe and secure digital infrastructure and their operation as a common ground of the Bavarian Air-Mobility-initiatives The digital transformation and its tomorrow under the slogan “Air wide-spread impact on society and meets Space”. the environment opens a new round This integrated approach was also of discussions about innovative mobi- followed within the project “Auto- lity solutions in order to sustainably mated Mobility for the Kufstein improve today‘s traffic problems. Region”. In 2019, DLR GfR A realistic and cost-efficient solution together with their partners are tas- is the establishment of multi-moda- ked to build up a mobile infrastruc- lity and commonly used digital infra- ture that will enable the validation of structure supporting all modes of automated and coordinated drone transport domains on ground, in the flights as well as integrated scenarios water and in the air with a focus on with road mobility. robust, safe and secure data commu- Bavaria will become a forerunner for nication, navigation and surveillance air mobility with the various upco- (CNS). ming initiatives and their integration DLR‘s subsidiary company DLR within a common digital ground in- GfR mbH is tasked to manage the A common digital ground infrastructure frastructure. With safety and security Galileo Control Center with more for all mobility domains as core values, DLR GfR is an impor- than ten years of experience provi- tant partner for these initiatives. ding the operations and maintenance have been developed over decades services for the European navigation to deliver flight passenger safely to satellite constellation, Galileo. The their destinations”, explains Prof. company sees the potential in the Christian Arbinger, Head of Naviga- transfer of regulations, processes and tions Services at DLR GfR. technologies from the aviation sec- A well-designed common digital Contact: tor to assist with the high density infrastructure will, through inter- Prof. traffic scenarios. connectivity, enable safe and secure Christian Arbinger “Our priority is set on safety and operations within the continuously Head of security when it comes to the design rising traffic volume. It is exactly this Navigation Services of system architectures and their point, where DLR GfR, also with its operation. To this end, we draw on certification as Air Navigation Servi- our long operational experience in ce Provider, anticipates by analyzing the satellite and aviation sectors. today‘s concepts and applying them Melanie Schmidt Such methodologies, for example, to generate innovative concepts for Customer Relationship Management

DLR GfR mbH Navigation Services

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