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ÇUKUROVA ÜN VERS TES FEN B L MLER ENST TÜSÜ DOKTORA TEZ Erdoğan Ç ÇEK KARATAŞ (ADANA) AÇIKLARINDA D P TROLLER YLE A

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ÇUKUROVA ÜN VERS TES FEN B L MLER ENST TÜSÜ DOKTORA TEZ Erdoğan Ç ÇEK KARATAŞ (ADANA) AÇIKLARINDA D P TROLLER YLE A ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ DOKTORA TEZİ Erdoğan ÇİÇEK KARATAŞ (ADANA) AÇIKLARINDA DİP TROLLERİYLE AVLANAN EKONOMİK POTANSİYELE SAHİP TÜRLERİN İNCELENMESİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANABİLİM DALI ADANA, 2006 ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ KARATAŞ (ADANA) AÇIKLARINDA DİP TROLLERİYLE AVLANAN EKONOMİK POTANSİYELE SAHİP TÜRLERİN İNCELENMESİ Erdoğan ÇİÇEK DOKTORA TEZİ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANABİLİM DALI Bu Tez 20/02/2006 Tarihinde Aşağıdaki Juri Üyeleri Tarafından Oybirliği/Oy Çokluğu İle Kabul Edilmiştir. İmza ................................ İmza ................................... Prof.. Dr. Dursun AVŞAR Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN DANIŞMAN ÜYE İmza ................................ İmza ................................... Doç. Dr. Ali Cemal GÜCÜ Yard. Doç. Dr. Ünal ERDEM ÜYE ÜYE İmza .................................. Yard. Doç. Dr. Caner Enver ÖZYURT ÜYE Bu tez Enstitümüz Su Ürünleri Anabilim Dalı’nda hazırlanmıştır. Kod No: ......... Prof. Dr. Aziz ERTUNÇ Enstitü Müdürü Bu Çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: FBE.2002.D.138 Not: Bu tezde kullanılan özgün ve başka kaynaktan yapılan bildirişlerin, çizelge, şekil ve fotoğrafların kaynak gösterilmeden kullanımı, 5846 sayılı Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunundaki hükümlere tabidir. ÖZ DOKTORA TEZİ KARATAŞ (ADANA) AÇIKLARINDA DİP TROLLERİYLE AVLANAN EKONOMİK POTANSİYELE SAHİP TÜRLERİN İNCELENMESİ Erdoğan ÇİÇEK ÇUKUROVA ÜNİVERSİTESİ FEN BİLİMLERİ ENSTİTÜSÜ SU ÜRÜNLERİ ANABİLİM DALI Danışman : Prof. Dr. Dursun AVŞAR Yıl : 2006 Sayfa: 146 Jüri : Prof. Dr. Dursun AVŞAR : Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN : Doç. Dr. Ali Cemal GÜCÜ : Yard. Doç. Dr. Ünal ERDEM : Yard. Doç. Dr. Caner Enver ÖZYURT Bu çalışma, 2002-2003 balıkçılık sezonunda kuzeydoğu Akdeniz’in Türkiye kıyılarında yer alan Karataş açıklarında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dip trolü çekimleri aylık periyotlarla 0-20m, 20-50m ve 50-100m derinlik katmanlarından birer saatlik olmak üzere yapılmıştır. Örnekleme dönemi boyunca toplam olarak 90 balık, 15 kabuklu ve 5 kafadan bacaklı türüne rastlanmıştır. Toplam 24 adet trol çekimi sonucunda 631403.89g materyal elde edilmiş olup; ortalama CPUE değeri 26308.5g saat-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Derinlik katmanları itibariyle en düşük ve en yüksek CPUE değerlerine 13544.80g saat-1 ve 33319.80g saat-1 sırasıyla 50-100m ve 20-50m derinlik katmanlarında rastlanmıştır. Aylar itibariyle en yüksek CPUE değerine eylül ayında (66756.30g saat-1) rastlanmış olup; bu değer eylül ayında itibaren sürekli düşüş göstererek, en düşük değer 12478,50g saat-1 ile mart ayından elde edilmiştir. Toplam av içerisinde balıkların %79.10’luk bir değerle birinci sırada yer aldığı; bunu %13.73 ile kabukluların ve %7.17’lik bir değerle de kafadan bacaklıların izlediği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca elde edilen toplam biyokütlenin %38.68’ini ıskarta türlerin oluşturduğu saptanmıştır. Toplam avın tür sayısı olarak %18.90’ının ve biyokütle olarak ise, %26.66’sının lesepsiyen balıklardan oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Ana av içerisinde %19.48’lik bir değerle Mullus barbatus’un ilk sırada yer aldığı; bunu sırasıyla Charybdis longicollis (%15.98) ve Saurida undosquamis’in (%15.56) izlediği belirlenmiştir. Bazı türler için belirlenmiş olan seçicilik parametreleri sonucunda bölgedeki türlerin aşırı avcılık baskısı altında olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Ayrıca Mullus barbatus ve Upeneus pori ile ilgili yapılan değerlendirmeler sonucu balıkçılık sezonunun kasım ayında açılmasının bölge balıkçılığına yararlar sağlayacağı sonucuna varılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kuzeydoğu Akdeniz, Trol Balıkçılığı, Lessepsiyen, Iskarta I ABSTRACT Phd THESIS STUDY ON THE POTANCIALLY ECONOMICAL IMPORTANT SPECIES TRAWLED FROM KARATAŞ (ADANA) COASTS Erdoğan ÇİÇEK DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES INSTITUTE OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF ÇUKUROVA Supervisor : Prof. Dursun AVSAR Year : 2006 Pages: 146 Jury : Prof. Dursun AVSAR : Prof. Ercan SARIHAN : Assoc. Prof. Ali Cemal GÜCÜ : Asst. Prof. Ünal ERDEM : Asst. Prof. Caner Enver ÖZYURT This study was carried out during 2002-2003 fishing season off the Karatas located along the Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. The deep trawl net was operated by monthly sampling interval with one-hour haul duration in 0-20m, 20-50m and 50-100m depth ranges. During the study period, on the basis of species; a total of 90 fishes, five cephalopods, and 15 crustaceans were caught. Total weight of marine organisms obtained from 24 deep trawl operations were 631403.89g and its mean CPUE value was calculated as 26308.5±18954.2g hour-1. Minimum and maximum CPUE values for 50-100m and 20-50m depth ranges were determined 13544.80g hour-1 and 33319.80g hour-1 respectively. During the study period the maximum CPUE value was obtained in September (66756.30g hour-1) and this value decreased continuously to 12478.50g hour-1 in March. Fishes represented the major proportion with respect to the total catch (79.10%), followed by crustaceans (13.73%) and cephalopods (7.17%). In addition, on average 37.9% of the total catch was discarded. Number of lessepsian fish species consisted of %18.9 of total fish species, and lessepsian proportion of total fish biomass were estimated as 26.66%. In the main catch, Mullus barbatus was the most abundant species with the proportion of %19.48 and followed by Charybdis longicollis (%15.98) and Saurida undosquamis (%15.56). Selectivity parameters for some fish species indicated that fish populations inhabiting in the study area have been under fishing pressure. In addition, some analysis were conducted by using Mullus barbatus and Upeneus pori, and found that, if the fishing season opens in November, it would be beneficial for both regional fish populations and fisheries. Key Words: Northeastern Mediterranean, Trawl Fishery, Lessepsian, Discard II TEŞEKKÜR Öncelikle Doktora çalışmalarım süresince bana olan güven ve desteğini daima hissettiren değerli hocam Prof. Dr. Dursun AV ŞAR ve tez çalışmalarımı yürüttüğüm dönemde Su Ürünleri Fakültesi Dekanlığını yürüten sayın Prof. Dr. Ercan SARIHAN’a fakülte olanaklarını esirgemediği için teşekkür etmek isterim. Laboratuar çalışmalarımda bana yardımlarını esirgemeyen fedakar arkadaşlarım Dr. Hacer YELDAN ve Uzman Meltem ÖZÜTOK’a ve seçicilik parametrelerinin hesaplanmasında engin tecrübeleriyle yardımlarını esirgemeyen arkadaşım Dr. Caner Enver ÖZYURT’a sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunarım. Örnekleme çalışmalarında Coşkun Reis adlı balıkçı teknesinin kullanılmasında her türlü imkanı sağlayan Kasım ÖZCAN ve arazi çalışmaları sırasında yardımlarını esirgemeyen kaptanlar Süleyman ÖZCAN ve Vecihi ÖZCAN ile tayfalar Hakan ÖZCAN, Yusuf ÖZCAN, Okan ÖZCAN ve Salim ÖZCAN’a teşekkürlerimi bir borç bilirim. Ayrıca tez çalışmalarımın yürütülmesinde maddi desteğini esirgemeyen Kafkas Halıcılık A.Ş. Genel Müdürü Durmuş EREN’e teşekkür etmek isterim. Son olarak her arazi çalışmasında beni Karataş’ta misafir ederek evimin sıcaklığını aratmayan ÖZCAN ailesini tüm fertlerine (Sevcan, Serdal, Selma ve Sercan ÖZCAN), beni çalışmalarımda yalnız bırakmayan ve daima balık kokan cefakar arabama tahammül etmek zorunda kalan eşim Reyhan ve sevgili oğlum Veysel’e sonsuz teşekkürlerimi sunarım. III İÇİNDEKİLER SAYFA ÖZ ................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... II TEŞEKKÜR ................................................................................................... III İÇİNDEKİLER............................................................................................... IV ÇİZELGELER DİZİNİ ................................................................................ VIII ŞEKİLLER DİZİNİ ...................................................................................... XI 1. GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................... 1 2. ÖNCEKİ ÇALIŞMALAR ............................................................................. 5 3. MATERYAL VE YÖNTEM ..........................................................................14 3.1. Materyal .....................................................................................................14 3.1.1. Çalışma Sahası .................................................................................14 3.1. 2. Örneklemede Kullanılan Tekne ve Ağın Özellikleri .......................14 3.2. Yöntem .......................................................................................................17 3.2.1. Dip Trolü Ağının Taradığı Alan .......................................................17 3.2.2. Birim Alandaki Ürün Miktarı ...........................................................17 3.2.3. Örneklerin Değerlendirilmesi ..........................................................17 3.2.4. Büyüme ve Ölüm Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi ............................19 3.2.5. Familya ve Tür Çeşitliliği İndekslerinin Hesaplanması ...................20 3.2.6. Balıkların Genel Özelliklerine Göre Sınıflandırılmaları ..................21 3.2.7. Trol Torba Seçiciliğinin Belirlenmesi ..............................................22 4. BULGULAR VE TARTIŞMA .......................................................................24 4.1. Elde Edilen Türler ve Sistematikteki Yerleri .............................................24 4.1.1. Kabuklular ........................................................................................24 4.1.2. Kafadan Bacaklılar ...........................................................................25
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