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Organised Phonology Data Organised Phonology Data Urat Language [URT] Dreikikir – East Sepik Province Torricelli Phylum; Wapei-Palei Stock; Urat Family-level Isolate Population census: 6.000+ (1981) Major villages: Tumam, Pelmandu, Pormbil, Misim, Nahana, Musendai Linguistic work done by: SIL Data checked by: Barney Barnes (1993) Phonemic and Orthographic Inventory b ts d e l r j i dz k l m n a b,mb ch d,nd e g,ng hl,lh hr,rh hy,ih i j,nj k l m n ny fl A B Ch D E G Hl Hr Hy I J K L M N Ny ¿ o p r s t u w w j o p r s sy t u w hw,uh y ' O P R S Sy T U W Hw Y Consonants Bilab LabDen Dental Alveo Postalv Retro Palatal Velar Uvular Pharyn Glottal Plosive p b t d k Nasal m n Trill r Tap/Flap Fricative s h Lateral Fricative Approx j Lateral l Approx Ejective Stop Implos /w/ voiced labial-velar approximant /ts/ voiceless alveolar affricate /dz/ voiced alveolar affricate // voiceless postalveolar fricative /l/ voiceless lateral /r/ voiceless alveolar trill /w/ voiceless approximant /j/ voiceless palatal approximant Urat OPD Printed: September 7, 2004 Page 2 - p pilpil 'weak' r hipi 'bamboo sp.' serepe 'palm sprout' paparar 'full' flihip 'leg' pwaipiyeh 'yam type' tasupwas 'sneeze' r hro' 'pig' horp 'liver mohro' 'nose' sorh 'basket' b bumbe 'middle' - s sipit 'grasshopper' bwore 'good' flesep 'teeth' flumbwaip 'heart' nowas 'star' m mih 'river' ts chichur'e 'knead' flimei 'friend' waichaih 'enemy' wim 'blood' - loumwah 'ancestors' dilme 'straight' syep 'hand' sisyep 'sore' w wuti' 'cheek' - yowor 'meat' sipsyap 'bush' - bwarme 'straight' kekep 'ground' tukwini 'today' k nukup 'female animal' - w hwate 'mountain' tukwini 'today' taihwinip 'sap' - galat 'armband' tingir 'mature tree' t tup 'leaf' - wutu' 'imprint' mut 'mouth' au 'sun' fl yaflah 'trail' d dilme 'straight' nifl 'firewood' minde 'tomorrow' - - n nih 'fire' mu'e 'green coconut' taiwinip 'sap' hun 'three' fla' 'mosquito' nyen 'yam' h horp 'liver' winye' 'grease' jehip 'crow' yokoh 'house' l luku 'that' dululu 'thunder' j yah 'a fruit' miye' 'man' flilil 'cry' - blohe 'house' j l hlaininge 'tree' flihyene 'skin irritation' wuhliye 'orphan' moih 'woman's brother' dz jinjame 'lack knowledge' flinjet 'bird' - Urat OPD Printed: September 7, 2004 Page 3 Vowels i u e o i ei tuwei 'girl' flimei 'friend' flindihi 'first' eu beriyeu 'limp' e ese 'suck' i wachaih 'guilt' teket 'back' pakai 'no' nehe 'sweet' milyeu 'grass sp' u hauhi' 'moss' bahalau 'banana type' ana 'to tell' yafl 'trail' ui yuime 'earthquake' wula 'many' bani'yuime 'banana type' u tukwini 'today' oi poi 'we' wuhu 'small drum' loumwah 'ancestors'' hoiyehoiye 'four' o orpe 'hold' poporo' 'butterfly' ou lou 'tree' yowo' 'last' houhou 'open position' /ei/ eu/ /i/ u/ /oi/ /ou/ /ui/ Suprasegmentals (tone, stress, length) Stress is ultimate if the final syllable of the word is closed, and penultimate if the final syllable is open. Syllable Patterns CV la 'where' su.ru 'yam type' me.ta.pah 'breadfruit' wu.hu 'small drum' CVV poi 'we' hwai.'e 'dry' ya.nai.nge 'they mashed' mi.sei 'yesterday' CVC flam 'I' pil.pil 'weak' to.wor.me 'hold ready' bwa.kas 'yam type' CVVC fla.mbaih 'grandchild' CVCC horp 'liver' CCV blo.he 'loose' CCVV pwai.pi.yeh 'yam type' CCVC breh 'nettles sp.' bwar.me 'straight' ta.su.pwas 'sneeze' Urat OPD Printed: September 7, 2004 Page 4 CCVVC flu.mbwaip 'heart' CCVCC hre.kwi.kwirm 'place name' Conventions: Phonological Voiced plosives /p t k/ and the affricate /dz/ are prenasalized word medially. The vowel / / is pronounced central [] in unstressed syllables and backed [ ] elsewhere. Also other vowels tend towards central // in unstressed syllables. Vowel harmony helps to know which vowel to write, eg. /jkoh/ is written yokoh. Conventions: Orthographic The voiceless consonants / l r w y / are written <lh rh uh ih> in syllable final position. Transcription of a recorded passage / m riprip | m ripripme ji dru si nl wh kom ji upwie m eber nr jip hidi j ere jhie dru jip hidi jisilih dru nrp poi mne pki si nl wh m top lee mt pe m rip rip m titeme oybwip dru ki riprip lki pki / < ¿am hriphrip. ¿am hriphripme Yai. Andru si nal wah. Kom, yai Nupwai'e flam ember anar. Yip hindi ya jere yahai'e Andru. Yip hindi yisilih Andru narp. Poi manange pakai, Si nal wah. ¿am top lenge mat pe, flam hriphrip. ¿am titeme Noihmbwaip Andru, ki hriphrip lakai pakai.> 'I am happy. I am happy with the Father. Andrew had already gone to the garden. But the Father had kept me here. Now, you two have arrived looking for Andrew. You two asked if Andrew was here. We said, "No, he has already went to the garden." I came with them and I am happy. I don't know Andrews mind, if he is happy or not'. Bibliography Parker, Nate, and Judy Paker. 1981. 'Tentative phonemic statement of Urat.' Manuscript. SIL Ukarumpa. Barnes, Barney. 1989. 'Urat Grammar essentials.' Manuscript. SIL Ukarumpa. .
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