THE LIFE-BOAT. JOUBNATj

OF THE IRo^al national %ffe*ffioat Jnatftution, (ISgtTED QtfABTEBLY.)

Voi,. XVIL—No. 197.] IST AUGUST, 1900. PRICE 3d.

SKETCH OF THE PROGRESS MADE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF COAST LIFE-BOATS. 1795—1900. No. 2. AFTBB the valuable work done by Lnkin two Life-boats on Mr. Palmers plan, in 1807, in initiating the Norfolk and which were built prior to 1826, but it Suffolk type of Life-boat, there appears was not until 1826 that he became con- to have been a considerable period before nected with the LIFB-BOAT INSTITUTION, any new type found a place on the to whose interests he gave up a large coast. No doubt small variations from proportion of his time, serving as Deputy the original North Country Life-boat Chairman of the Committee of Manage- were introduced, but nothing in tbe ment until his death, which took place in way of a radical change can be traced, 1853. His plan of fitting Life-boats was so that in 1824, when the LIFE-BOAT adopted by the Institution in June, 1828, INSTITUTION was founded, the Life-boats and continued until 1852. on the coast were, with one or two In a letter to the Committee of the exceptions, either of this or the Norfolk Institution, dated 17th November, 1828, and Suffolk type. he sets forth his views and describes his In 1825, the year following the foun- methods, not only for fitting coast Life- dation of the LIFB-BOAT iNsimrrroH, two boats, but also strongly advocates their names came into prominence in connec- adoption for boats carried by vessels at tion with Life-boat designing, namely, sea. The following is a description of George Palmer, of Nazing Park, Essex, Mr. Palmer's Life-boat: she was of the formerly a commander in the Hon. East form of a whale boat, sharp at both ends, India Company, and subsequently for but f oiler at the bow and with more beam many years M.P. for South Essex, and in proportion to her length to admit of Pellew Plenty, of Newbury, Berkshire; sufficient space for the crew between the and in this year and 1826 a considerable air-cases in the wings with which she number of boats, built on the principles was fitted fore and aft. There were three advocated by these two gentlemen, were cases on each side occupying a space of placed on the coast. To deal with Mr. 43 cubic feet—equivalent to a buoyancy Palmer's boat first. The Northumberland in water of 23 cwt. 3 qrs., equally divided report, published in 1851, shows that on each side, " thereby preventing the there existed at that time (1851), at least boat from upsetting." One air-case in

VOL. XVII.—No. 197,—LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 3 B 774 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST AUGUST, 1900. the bow and two in the stern, containing places equally favourable reports were 35 cubic feet—equivalent to a buoyancy received. of 20 cwt.—and four tin gun-wale cases, There is no doubt Mr. Palmer's Life- containing 3J cubic feet, or 200 Ibs. boats filled a great want; they had good buoyancy. These cases being situated stability, pulled well, were light for trans- so high "not only prevent her being port, could readily be manned, had a depressed in case of a sea rolling over light draught of water, and small internal her but tend materially to right her capacity for holding water, and had de- again in the event of her being thrown tachable air-cases, a decided improvement on her side by a sudden press of canvas in this respect on the existing North or the stroke of a sea." The total Country type, but with the exception of buoyancy of the cases being equal to 45 the four scuppers mentioned above there cwt. 1 qr. 22 Ibs. was sufficient to bear was no means of self-baling or freeing up thirty persons sitting above the water. herself at water. The following are The boat was " fitted with four scuppers, some of the places at which this type of two on each side just above the air-cases, Life-boat was used: Berwick-on-Tweed, to let off any water which she might ship Aberdovey, Barmouth, Cemlyn, Ramsey, from a sea breaking over her." Her Isle of Man, Bosslare Point, Eilmore, length was 26 feet 8 inches, width 6 feet Youghal, Courtmacsherry, West Cove, 2 inches, pulling six oars and rigged with Derrynane. After the re-organisation two lug sails; she was steered either by of the KOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT rudder or oar. The boat was also fitted INSTITUTION in 1850, these boats fell into with high loose wash boards " for the disuse. The illustration on the opposite sake of preventing the sea from breaking page shows a midship section of Mr. into her when launching," and she had Palmer's Life-boat. life-lines from her gunwale. Her weight In the first annual report of the Royal (without loose fittings) was 9 owt. 17 Ibs. National Institution for the Preservation From experiments made with her it was of Life from Shipwreck, dated 10th March, ascertained " that without any ballast in 1825, on page 18, will be found the fol- her bottom and eight half - hundred lowing ..." The Committee therefore weights of iron lashed above the thwarts directed their early attention to the and both her masts in (stepped) when ascertainment of the best principle for the hove down to another boat so that her construction of Life-boats. In the course mastheads came down to the hands of of their inquiry, they received from dis- those bearing her down with her lower tinguished Naval officers, and others who side completely under water, upon being tried boats of various descriptions, the let go she will right of herself, and if most favourable report of a plan invented 4 cwt. of iron only be put into her, as by Mr. Plenty of Newbury. The Committee ballast, in bars secured to the rings in have caused twelve boats to be built on her keelson, she will right of herself this principle, of sizes adapted to the although the mastheads be drawn down Stations at which they are to be placed..." so low as the water's edge." This makes it plain that in addition to In the same year the above was written, favouring the type of Life-boat designed one of these Life-boats was put through by Mr. Palmer, that of his contemporary, some severe tests at Barmouth in a S.W. Mr. Pellew Plenty, of Newbury, was also gale and gave very great satisfaction, adopted by the LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. the seamen of the port "to a man pro- In 1826 Sir William Hillary (whose fessed their readiness to serve in her name is so familiar in connection with when occasion should require." Two the early stages of the Life-boat movement) similar boats were sent to Anglesey established a District Life-boat Association and the Isle of Man, and from both in the Isle of Man, and the first Life-boat IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 775 was built by Mr. Plenty and established 23 ft.; breadth 8 ft., depth 2| ft., sheer at Douglas. The following places were of gunwale 14 in., rake of sternpost 1 in. among the first to have Life-boats of in a foot, straight keel and bilge pieces, Mr. Plenty's design:— five thwarts 28 in. apart, 16 in. above floor and 12 in. below the rowlock strake, Dimensions. pulls eight oars double banked, thole pins, Year Place. Depth. Weight. built. and the gunwale strake tumbles home to SLength. Breadth. avoid the risk of being carried away. Extra buoyancy is obtained by air- Feet. Feet. Feet. Cwt. Skegness 24 8 3 40(?) 1825 chambers along both sides fore and aft, Sizewell Gap 24 8 3 1826 formed by a complete casing or inner Woodbridge Haven 24 8 3 1826 boat of a triangular shape extending Studland . 20 7 3 — 1826 down to the floor and coming to a Portland 20 6f 3 — 1825 feather edge at the main gunwale; they St. Mary's, Scilly 26 81 2J 20 1828 are divided into twelve water-tight com- Appledore . 17 a* 20 1826 partments each lined with gutta-percha; effective extra buoyance 82 cubic ft., The boat which was placed at Skegness equal to 2|- tons. No ballast. Internal was the means of saying fifty-one lives, capacity for holding water up to level and that at Appledore was credited with of thwarts 48 cubic ft., equal to 1^ tons. T*UOSH\P or LIFEBOAT

/fa**

having rescued no less than sixty-seven. The means for freeing the boat of water Truly a remarkable performance for a are six scuppers 2 in. diameter each . . . boat whose dimensions, given above, show and in addition the upper plank on each her to have been little more than an side is left out fore and aft, and the inner overgrown dinghy. boat, being of a triangular shape and Mr. Plenty and his brother sent in a shallow, much of the water would roll. model of a Life-boat to compete for the out when the boat was in motion in a Northumberland prize, and the following sea way. No provision for self-righting. description of the boat is taken from the Layers of cork averaging 4J in. in Northumberland report; there is no thickness . . . are cemented and firmly reason to believe that she varies in any secured along the bottom from stem to important detail from the type of boat stern. Rig, one lug sail. Draught of water originally placed on the coast in 1825. with thirty men on board, 16 in. Weight of " This boat approaches to the form of a boat, 19 cwt. Gear, 5 cwt. Total, 24 cwt." wherry, having great fulness in the mid- This boat, judging from her form, would ship section near the seat of water extended pull moderately well. Her great beam some distance forward and aft with a long would make her stiff under canvas, and hollow floor, upright stem and sternpost. she ought to have been weatherly, and . . . Length, extreme, 24 ft.; of keel, her weight was well adapted for transport.

3 B 2 776 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGTTST, 1900.

The small internal capacity of the boat nine Life-boats in question were placed was certainly a point in her favour; but as follows: Liverpool two, Magazines the system of freeing herself of water left two, Hoylake two, Point of Ayr two, much to be desired. Formby one; and the following record of The air-cases being built into the sides their usefulness during the ten years and bilge of the boat rendered them from 1840 to 1850, taken from a report difficult to examine and repair, and the made by the Marine Surveyor, and dated fact that they were lined with gutta- January, 1851, speaks for itself:— percha seems to indicate that this was done to render them less liable to injury Vessels Lives from a blow. Mr. Plenty, like some of Assisted. Saved. his contemporaries, adhered to the use of Liverpool . 96 243 large quantities of cork in the bottom of Mazagines . 106 290 the boat for protection when landing Hoylake 59 201 Point of Ayr 60 332 upon a stony beach. Formby. 70 62 The services previously quoted of the two boats at Skegness and Appledore bear Total . . . 391 1,128 strong testimony to the merits of these

Life-boats, which in their form show such The description of the Life-boats that a wide departure from the North Country did this work was as follows: The body or Shields type. The illustration shows a of the boat very similar to that of a ship's midship section of Mr. Plenty's Life-boat. pinnace, but with ends alike; a small rise About the year 1840 nine Life-boats in the floor, but a long floor in a fore and were built for the Life-boat establishment aft direction; sides straight at the water- of the Liverpool Dock Trustees; these line, both vertically and horizontally, stem boats, which were built by Mr. Costain curved,slightly raking stern-post; diagon- of Liverpool, are deserving of special ally built of double planks of f in. larch. notice, not so much on account of any Length, extreme, 30 ft.; of keel, 27 ft.; special new feature introduced into them, breadth, 9£ ft.; depth, 4 ft.; sheer of but chiefly because of the large amount gtmwale, 18 in.; straight keel, 4 in. deep. of life-saving which has been done by Bake of stem 5 in., and of stern-post 2 in. them, and also because they are the fore- in a foot; 6 thwarts, 33 in. apart, 8 in. runners of the Liverpool type of Life- below gunwale, and 21 above the floor; boats adopted by the EOTAL NATIONAL polled 12 oars, double-banked. LITO-BOAT INSTITUTION, plans of which A cork fender covered with leather, may be seen on page 777. In 1840, the 4 in. wide and 7 in. deep, was placed all IBT AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 777 round at 6 in. below the gunwale, and a would stand np well to their canvas, and "flat" or deck ran fore and aft 12 in. pnll well. The diagonal mode of building above the keelson. gave them great strength. There was Extra buoyancy was obtained by twelve plenty of room between the thwarts, and air-tight casks, secured along the sides the air-casks being detached from the fore and aft by wooden oases between the sides rendered them less likely to be stove " flat" and the nndersides of the thwarts. when alongside a wreck than if the air- Cubical contents of the casks, 35 cnbic cases were built into the boat. The ft., equal to 1 ton. No ballast. Internal boats, if they only weighed 30 cwt., were capacity up to the level of the thwarts, sufficiently light for easy transport along 280 cubic ft., equivalent to 6J tons. There a beach. A great deal of their work,

LIVERPOOL TYPE.

BODY PLAN MIDSHIP SECTION. A.—The deck. ; E.—Wale or fender. B.—Believing valves for automatic dis- F.—Iron keel. charge of water off the deck. G.—Water-ballast tanks. C.—Side air-cases above deck. H.—Drop-keels. D.—End air-compartments. was no means of freeing these Life-boats especially the Liverpool and Magazine of water except by baling, and they would boats, was done in. conjunction with a not right if upset. The boats were rigged tng, the outlying sands being a consider- with two sprit sails and a jib. Weight able distance off, and frequently a strong of boat, 30 cwt.; of gear, 7 cwt.; total, tide to contend with in getting to them. 37 cwt. The great weakness of these Life-boats It will readily be seen from the above was their large internal capacity, exceeding description that Mr. Gostain's Life-boats 6 tons tinder the thwarts, and no adequate 778 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGUST, 1900.

provision for freeing themselves of water; the casks, but below the deck there were in fact on one occasion when one of these no air-cases or compartments, consequently Life-boats was being towed out by a tug if the boat were stove the whole space she shipped so much water that the crew under the deck filled with water. Such were obliged to cut the -tow rope and was the condition of the Liverpool Life- return to port. However, such an boats (of which Mr. Costain's was the instance was rare, and to set against this prototype) when the EOYAL NATIONAL the carrying capacity of these Life-boats LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION took them over in was well exemplified by the fact that as 1894. Since then all, "with the exception many as fifty persons, in addition to the of that at Hoylake,* which was built in crew of eleven, were on one occasion 1892 and was fitted with two drop keels, rescued in one of them. have been replaced by new boats of the Subsequent to 1850, considerable altera- design shown on page 777, and known tions were introduced into the Liverpool in the service of the EOYAL NATIONAL Life-boats, a deck a few inches above the LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION as the Liverpool water-line with six relieving tubes and type. valves being fitted into them, and side * Aii-cases have been, fitted under the deck air-cases from the deck to underneath of this boat since the station has been under the thwarts were likewise substituted for the management of E.N.L.B.I. (To be continued.')

THE LIFE-BOAT SATUBDAY FUND. THE numerous enthusiastic bands of hitherto co-operated in the movement, workers on behalf of the Life-boat Satur- and the Central Committee of the Fund day Fund have, throughout the United ate sanguine that later on this autumn Kingdom, had exceptional obstacles and numerous other collections will be made difficulties to deal with this year, as the which at present cannot be undertaken, result of the multitudinous appeals, in but which are merely postponed. Satur- every shape and form, which have been /day, the 13th May, was selected as the made north, south, east and west in most suitable day for appealing for the connection with the war in South Africa. Fund in the Metropolis, and the collec- The whole nation has been stirred by the tions made in the streets and by some of war, and the supreme interest which it the District Committees and Ladies' has excited has relegated all other causes Auxiliaries were excellent, having legatd and subjects to a "back-seat" for the to the circumstances. time- The Life-boat Saturday Committees We would offer a word of encourage- have therefore most wisely, in the interests ment to our Life-boat Saturday friends, of the Saturday Fund, decided everywhere and feel sure that during the remaining to accept the inevitable, and for the months of the year their generous efforts moment not to press for Life-boat will be crowned with much success. A Saturday demonstrations and collections country, grateful for the triumph of her where the local populations are altogether army in the great cause of liberty and of taken up with carnivals and other civilization, cannot better show thankful- measures relating to war matters. It is ness than by aiding and encouraging those gratifying to find, however, that since the who are endeavouring to assist a great Life-boat Saturday season opened, in May national work like that of the ROYAL last, one or two very successful Life-boat NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT IssTiTUTioN.the sole Saturday demonstrations have already object of which is to save life from ship- taken place in towns which had not wreck on the coasts of " the land of the free.'' IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 779

ADDITIONAL STATIONS AND NEW LIFE-BOATS NEW BOMNEY, KENT ; PORTHLEVEN, CORN- The boat sent to Port Patrick, like her WALL ; SWANSEA, WALES ; ABBROATH and predecessor, is named the Civil Service POBTPATHICK, SCOTLAND.—The Life-boats No. 3, the first coat and permanent placed on these Stations many years since endowment of the Life-boat having been have recently been superseded by new provided by the Civil Service Life-boat boats furnished by the KOTAL NATIONAL Fund, which has presented seven Life- LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. They are all boats to the Institution, all of which are of the modern self-righting type, pro- fully endowed. The remaining three vided with one or more drop keels to boats are respectively named James increase their stability and weatherly Stevens Nos. 11, 12 and 18, their cost qualities whilst in deep water, while some having been met from the legacy have been fitted, in addition, with water- bequeathed to the Institution by the ballast tankg. The Portbleven new Life- late Mr. JAMBS STEVENS, of Birmingham. boat is named John Francis White, having All the boats are, as usual, furnished been given in memory of that gentleman with a full equipment of stores, and three by his widow, Mrs. MART ANN WHITE, of of them have been provided with new- Guilford Street, Bussell Square, London. transporting carriages.

THE LIFE-BOAT SERVICE IN JAPAN. THE Imperial Japanese Society for Saving it also reneives a subsidy from Govern- Life from Shipwreck (Dainippon Teikoku ment. The management are now making Suinam Kiusai Kwai) was established in strenuous efforts to largely augment the 1879, but was not incorporated by income of the Society, as they are anxious Imperial Charter until 1899. At the not only to increase the efficiency of the present time the Society has 17 stations existing Life-boat stations, but also, as on the coast of Japan fully provided with soon as possible, to establish many new Life-boats and life-saving apparatus, the ones. The Japanese Imperial Mercantile boats being manned by volunteer crews. Marine Bureau, in their last official report, In 1899 the Society was instrumental in stated that in 1898 there were, on the saving 1,211 lives and 269 vessels, the coast of Japan, 2,564 cases of shipwreck value of the property saved being esti- in connection with registered vessels alone, mated at 55,0002. The Society is mainly but that casualties to unregistered vessels supported by voluntary contributions, but and fishing-boats were "innumerable."

SEEYICES OF THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE EOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION. KILMORE, Co. WEXFORD.—On the 2nd j BOBIN HOOD'S BAT, YORKSHIRE. — January 1900 the Life-boat John Robert ' While a moderate gale was blowing from was launched at 1.45 A.M., rockets and the E. accompanied by a rough sea, thick guns having been fired from the Barrels weather and rain, on the 2nd January, Bock Light-vessel. A light S.E. wind the s.s. Knud, of Copenhagen, bound from was blowing at the time, the sea was Ghent for Middlesbrough, in ballast, moderate and the weather cloudy. On stranded on the north side of Bobin reaching the lightship it .was ascertained Hood's Bay. The crew of the Life-boat that the signals had been made as it was JZphraim and Hannah Fox were summoned, feared that one of the crew was dying. and at 5 A.M. the boat was launched. The man was taken into the Life-boat and Considerable difficulty was experienced in landed at Kilmore. getting alongside the wreck, but after two 780 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IST AUGUST, 1900. attempts this was successfully accom- the ground and being swept by the plished ; thirteen men were rescued, and, heavy seas. Having got a rope to the at 7 o'clock, were safely landed at Bobin vessel the boat was hauled nearer and Hood's Bay. succeeded in rescuing the crew of two men. The Life-boat was then hauled STAITHBS, YORKSHIRE. — The cobles to windward, and waited until the which were ont fishing on the afternoon water had risen sufficiently to enable of the 4th January were overtaken by a her to sail over the sand to the other thick fog and at about 3.30 a boat with vessel, anchored by her and remained a crew of five men pnt off from the shore until she beat off the sand and resumed to assist them. At 5.15, as darkness was her voyage. The ketch floated at the coming on and the sea increasing, the same time and was towed into Yarmouth boat returned and the Life-boat Jonathan harbour by a steam-tug. Stott was thereupon launched and re- mained in attendance until 6.30, all the HAYLE, COBNWALL.—The three-masted j fishermen having then safely landed. schooner Caroline, of Padstow, bound from Hayle for Cardiff with sand, while GBIMSBT.—On the 7th January, notice being towed out of the harbour, in a j having been received that the services of moderate W.N.W. breeze and a very the Life-boat were required, the steam heavy ground sea, on the 23rd January, Life-boat James Stevens No. 3 left the stranded on the eastern side of the bar. harbour at 3.40 A.M., and proceeded to She showed signals of distress, and in the schooner Demarius, of Goole, bound response to them the Life-boat E. F. from London for Hull with a cargo of Harrison was promptly launched, and at chalk. She had stranded on the links off 10.10 A.M. was on her way to the vessel. Spurn Point in the S.S.W. gale which was The crew of six men and a pilot were then blowing, accompanied by a heavy rescued by the Life-boat, the schooner sea and hazy weather, and her crew had becoming a total wreck. been rescued by the Spurn Point Life- boat belonging to the Hull Trinity Board. CLOOHEB HEAD, Co. LOTJTH.—While At 7 A.M. the schooner floated, some of about sixteen open yawls were fishing off the Life-boat's crew manned her and, her Clogher Head on the morning of the 24th captain having again boarded her, she was January, a gale sprung up very suddenly taken into Grimsby. from W.N.W., and the coxswain of the Life-boat, who was watching the fleet, CAISTEU, NOBFOLK.—While a strong saw that several of the boats were in breeze was blowing from N.W. by W., danger through the loss of their sails. increasing to a gale and accompanied by He at once summoned the crew, and at a heavy sea, on the 18th January, the 11.40 the Life-boat Charles Whitton put coxswain of the Life-boat, who was off, taking two extra men to go on board watching, observed the side-lights of a any boat which might be short-handed. vessel on the Barber Sands. He at once Several of the boats had very narrow summoned the crew, and at 4.40 A.M. the escapes, but all succeeded in getting into Life-boat Beauchamp was launched and safety. One of them, the lugger Irish proceeded to the sand, where two vessels Girl of Dundalk, would probably have were found stranded. One of them, the foundered with all on board in the ketch Temperance Pledge, of Scarborough, absence of help from the Life-boat men. in ballast, from Orford Haven for Hartle- Her sail was split, the boat was half full pool, was lying well up on the top of the of water, drifting ont to sea, and her sand and burning flares. The Life-boat crew of six men were completely ex- answered her signals with a portfire, and hausted. They were taken into the Life- spoke the other vessel (the lights of boat, two of the Life-boat men boarded which were those first seen from the the lugger and baled out the water from shore), which was aground on the out- her, and the boat was towed safely side of the sand. Those on board, how- ashore. ever, declining assistance, the boat made This was the first service rendered by for the ketch, and having anchored to the Life-boat here, the station having only windward, veered down to her, striking been formed in July last year; it reflected IST ATJGTJST, 1900.] THE LITE-BOAT. 781

3 B 3 782 THE LITE-BOAT. [!BT AUGUST, 1900. great credit on the Life-boat crew, who On the 27th February, the Life-boat reported most favourably on the behaviour afforded help to the crew of a fishing of the boat. coble who had lost their way in a very thick fog. *A life-belt was given to each POINT OP AYB, FLINTSHIRE.—The B.S. of the three men and the boat was taken North Tyne, of Newcastle, bound from in tow, one of the Life-boat men going on Huelva for Mostyn, was seen stranded, board to assist the fishermen. while a moderate gale was blowing from N.W., with heavy squalls and a rough sea, BBANOASTEB, NOEFOLK.—On the mom- on the 28th January. The Life-boat ing of the 2nd February it was reported by S. G. Powell was launched at 10.35 P.M., the Coastguard that lights had been seen and on reaching the vessel found that she on the Barnham Flats and that a vessel had got afloat again and was riding at was in a dangerous position off Thornham. anchor in about five fathoms at low water. A strong wind was blowing from E.N.E. The Life-boat stood by the steamer until accompanied by a rough sea. Soon after- the master stated that he did not require wards she was seen to be making signals, her to remain any longer. While along- but owing to the distance and the hazy side, one of the Life-boat men had one of state of the weather, they could not be his hands severely crushed between the clearly discerned. In these circumstances boat and the vessel. it was considered prudent to despatch the Life-boat to her assistance; the crew WIMTEBTON, NOBFOLK.—On the night were therefore summoned, and at 10.15 of the 29th January, while a strong wind the Alfred S. Genth was launched. On was blowing from E.N.E. the weather reaching the vessel, the schooner Edwin, being squally and the sea heavy, an intima- of Fortmadoo, laden with timber, it was tion was received that the services of the seen that the crew had left in their boats, Life-boat were needed. The crew and and search was therefore made for them helpers assembled and horses were sent but without success. The Life-boat then for, but before they arrived the men had returned to the vessel and boarded her. taken the Life-boat Edward Birkbeck She was riding near the Flats, having along the beach opposite to where the stranded but floated off again. Shortly vessel was stranded, about half a mile afterwards the pilot cutter No. 13, of north of the Life-boat Station. There Lynn, sailed up, having on board the she was launched at about 11 o'clock and, schooner's crew whom they had picked with the aid of the whip of the rocket up from their two boats. "With the apparatus, succeeded in effecting the rescue combined help of the Life-boat men and of the crew of twelve hands and the pilots the vessel was taken into Lynn master's wife from the barque Theodor of Roads, the Life-boat remaining by her Elsfleth, bound from Hamburgh for Monte until 9 o'clock on the following night as Video with a general cargo. The vessel she was leaking and was not in a safe became a total wreck. position. FILET, YOEKSHIBK.—At 7 A.M., on the 29th January, the fishing cobles, twenty- CULLEBOOATS. — The Life-boat Co- eight in number, put to sea. At 10 Operator No. 1 was launched to the o'clock the wind began to freshen, in- assistance of the coble Thistle which was creasing to a gale from E.N.E. accom- in danger while returning from the fishing panied by a rough sea and showers of grounds in a moderate wind from E. by rain and snow. At 12.30 the Coxswain N. and a rough sea, on the morning of the of the Life-boat returned ashore in his 3rd February. Her crew of four men boat and decided to take out the Life- were taken into the Life-boat and the boat Hollon the Second to help the others. coble was towed into the harbour. She was at once launched, proceeded to the Bell buoy, where the cobles would FOBMBY, LANCASHIRE.—The schooner encounter the greatest danger, and re- Eclipse, of Peel, Isle of Man, bound from mained afloat until all the boats were in Fleetwood for Liverpool, with gravel, was safety; the crews of the last three boats seen aground on the most dangerous part were furnished with life-belts from the of Taylor's Bank, having stranded there Life-boat. in misty weather, on the morning of the IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 783

6th February. The Lift-boat John and the llth February. Eockets were imme- Henrietta put off at 10.45, and on diately fired at G-oodwick and repeated at reaching the schooner, found she was Fisbguard and at 1.15 A.M. the Life- bumping heavily. Acting on the advice boat Appin was launched. She pro- of the Coxiwain, a kedga was laid out ceeded first to the ketch Volunteer, of astern to prevent the vessel from going Aberystwyth, bound from Newport farther on the bank ; shortly afterwards (Mon.) for Fishguard, with a cargo of ahe floated and her anchor was weighed, coal, and afterwards went to the schooner when she cleared the bank and stood into Sarah Davieg, of Aberystwyth, coal-laden, Queen's Channel with tbe Life-boat in from Swansea for Dublin. Each of the tow. The boat remained by her until vessels had parted one of her cables and arriving near the Crosby Light-vessel, was drifting towards the rocks, and had when, no farther help being needed, she not the gale abated would have in all returned to her station. probability been totally wrecked. The Life-boat took off the crew of two men HOLT IsiiABD, NOBTHXJMBBBI.AND. — from the Volunteer and the schooner's Signal* were heard on the morning of the crew, consisting of three men, and safely 10th February proceeding evidently from landed them at about 2.30 A.M. a vessel on the northern part of the island. The weather was thick, snow was MARGATE.—On the llth February a falling, the wind was blowing from N.E. strong gale was experienced here, the a moderate gale and there was a some- wind blowing from S.S.W. accompanied what heavy sea. At 7 o'clock the Life- by a heavy sea and thiek weather, with boat Grace Darling was launched and rain and snow. At 1.50 A.M. the Coast- proceeded under oars to the Snipe Bocks, guard reported that the Tongue Light- N. of Emmanuel Head, where the s.s. vessel was firing signals of distress; the Strathbisg, of Fraaerbnrgh, was found Life-boat crew were summoned and the stranded. Communication with the vessel Life-boat Ciwl Service No. 1 was had been obtained by means of the rocket launched. Beaching the Tongue Light- apparatus and three of the crew had vessel and ascertaining that she was been rescued with the lines when the answering th« Prince's Channel Light- boat arrived and succeeded in saving the ship, the Life-boat proceeded in that direc- remaining seven men. The Life-boat, tion. Subsequently flares were observed which was well handled by her crew, on the Shingles and on arriving there the behaved excellently. She shipped some schooner Picton, of Carnarvon, bound heavy seas, one of which broke over her from Shoreham for London and laden just after tbe rescue of the shipwrecked with carbolic acid, was found stranded. men had been effected, but ahe steadied She had a good depth of water in her herself and, to quote the words of the and her fore compartment was on fire. report of the service, " rose like a duck." The Life-boat men succeeded in extin- The vessel became a total wreck. • guishing the fire and worked at the A letter written on the day of the pomps about four hours, but the water rescue was received by the Secretary of gained on them, and, finding it impossible the Institution, from one of the crew of to save the vessel, the Life-boat left her the vessel, expressing, on behalf of him- at about 8 o'clock, having taken off her self and his comrades, admiration of the crew of five men, and a dog. The master conduct of the Life-boat men and thank- of the vessel highly commended the fulness for the service they had rendered. conduct of the Life-boat men in their On the 12th February, the Grace endeavours to save the vessel in such Darling was again launched and stood by tempestuous weather. some fishing-boats which had been over- taken by a rough sea. At about 9 A.M. on the 14th February a vessel was seen riding with two anchors FlSHOTOABD, PSMBEOKESHIEB. — Flares down, not far from a lee shore, about five were shown by two vessels at anchor in miles W. of Margate. Her sprit and sails Fishguard Bay while a strong gale was had been blown away and apparently the blowing from N.N.E. accompanied by a seas were washing completely over her. heavy sea, thick weather and snow, on A whole gale was then blowing from N, 784 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isi ATOTJST, 1900. by E., the weather was thick, and hail utterly impossible to save the ketch, and and snow were falling. The Life-boat her crew of four men were therefore Eliza Harriet "was launched, proceeded taken into the Life-boat, which was across the Nayland rock, encountering towed bucifto her station, arriving there very heavy seas which filled her several at 11.30 A.M., when the shipwrecked men times, and reached the vessel at about were landed and taken to the Sailor's 11 o'clock. She was the barcre Mizpah, Home. of Harwich. Considerable difficulty wa» On the 23rd February, a message experienced in getting alongside, but this having been received from the North was ultimately accomplished, and the Goodwin Light-vessel, the Life-boat crew of three men, who were wearing Bradford went out in tow of the harbour life-belts, were taken into the Life-boat, steam-tug Aid at 8.45 A.M., and found the which remained near the vessel until s.s. Hopeful, bound from London for about 2 P.M., when the weather moderated Liverpool with a general cargo, stranded and some of the Life-boat men and the between the North and North-West crew boarded her. The boat stood by Goodwin buoys. The Life-boat stood by for another half-hour, and as the barge was her until the tide made, when she was safe—the crew having the help of those able to get off under her own steam and Life-boat men who remained on board resumed her voyage, apparently uninjured. —it was decided to return to her station, The weather at the time was foggy and which was reached at about 4 P.M., heavy the sea and wind were moderate, the seas being again encountered on the latter blowing from S.W. journey. On the following morning the boatmen left on board took the vessel to BOULMER, NOBTHTJMBERLAND. — The the Horse Sand, where she was picked up fishing-boats went out at 7.30 A.M., on by a tug, the services of which had been the 12th February, and at about 10 secured by the coxswain of the Life-boat o'clock were compelled to return, a very on, his return to the shore, and was towed heavy sea having sprung up. Four of to Faversham, to which port she was the boats were assisted by the Life-boat destined with a cargo of slate from Meliscent, which put off to the rescue at London. 12.30; the others succeeded in reaching the harbour without help. RAMSGATE.—In response to signals from the Gull Light-vessel, the Life-boat WHITBT.—The Life-boat John Fielden Bradford was towed out by the harbour was launched at 12.30 P.M., on the 12th steam-tug Aid at 2.10 A.M., on the llth February, and attended some of the cobles February, while a strong gale was blowing which were in danger while returning to from S.S.W., accompanied by a heavy sea the harbour, a heavy sea having sprang up and heavy snow squalls. On speaking during the time they were out fishing. the Light-ship it was ascertained that a vessel was aground at the north end of SCARBOROUGH.—The s.s. trawler Viking, the Goodwin Sands, and the Life-boat proceeding from the fishing ground to was therefore towed in that direction. Grimsby on the 13th February, stranded When near the Sand the boat was cast on the White Nab, one mile S. of Scar- off, and, proceeding under sail, discovered borough. The weather was very thick at the vessel showing signals of distress, but the time and a very light wind was blow- found that there was not sufficient water ing from S.E. The Coxswain of the for the boat to approach her. She was Life-boat was informed of the occurrence kept as near as could be done with safety and it was decided to take out the Life- until 5 A.M., when she was able to get boat Queensbury, which was launched at alongside the vessel and found her to be 9.15 A.M. At the master's request the the ketch Sunbeam bound from Teign- Life-boat men laid out two anchors, month for London, with a cargo of clay: assisted to get the vessel off at high water she was bumping heavily, her rudder was and guided her safely through the channel smashed, she was otherwise seriously between the rooks. damaged, and was full of water. Some of the Life-boat men boarded her and LOOK, CORNWALL. — Six crab boats worked at the pumps, but it was found brought up off the harbour on the 13th IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 785

February /waiting until there was sufficient drifting helplessly about two miles outside water to enable them to cross the bar the Breakwater, and a telephone message The wind increased to a gale from S.E., was received by the coastguards from the the sea became heavy, there were heavy Breakwater Lighthouse keeper stating falls of scow, and the boats were in such a that the vessel was in need of assistance. perilous situation that it was considered The steam Life-boat DuJce of Northumber- advisable to take out the Life-boat land proceeded to her at 11.45 and Soy's Own No. 1, and proceed to their assisted to get her into the harbour. She assistance. The boat was therefore was the Albion, of Bnncorn, laden with launched at 1 P.M., and escorted the boats guano, from Dublin for Saltney, and on into the harbour, placing herself in a board her were a crew of four men and position to shelter the smaller ones in the master's wife and two children. A passing through the surf in crossing the strong gale was blowing from S., and bar. One sea which broke on board the there was a very heavy sea during the Life-boat would probably have had fatal time this service was rendered. results had its force been encountered by one of the little crabbers. LITTLE HAVEN, PEMBROKESHIRE.—On On the 15th February at about 5 P.M., the 15th February, while a strong gale while a whole gale was blowing from was blowing from W.N.W., accompanied W.8.W., accompanied by a very heavy sea by a heavy sea, intelligence was received and thick weather with rain, the ketch that a large barque which was lying in JB. T. B., of Bridgwater, laden with flour St. Bride's Bay was dragging her anchors from Plymouth for Cardiff, was seen about and was in danger of going ashore. At two miles from the harbour with a signal 5 P.M., the Life-boat David Piekard was of distress flying. In about ten minutes launched and found the vessel was the the Life-boat Boy's Own No. 1 was Cashier, of Antwerp, bound from Cardiff launched and proceeded under sail to the for Cape Town, with a cargo of patent vessel, which had lost her head sails and fuel. She was leaking, her mainmast stays and was fast drifting towards a lee was injured, and she was riding heavily shore. Her crew of four men were taken at her anchors. Eight passengers and into the Life-boat and safely landed at fifteen of the crew were taken into the Looe. Life-boat and landed at Little Haven at about 1 A.M., but the master and four BEOADSTAIKS.—The Life-boat Francis others declined to leave the vessel. Forbes Barton was launched at 4.5 P.M. During the day the wind increased and a on the 14th February, while a gale of boat was seen to put off from the vessel wind was blowing from N., accompanied and make for Little Haven; it was by a heavy sea, a barge, with a signal of however capsized in the breakers while distress flying, having been seen eastward endeavouring to land, and her crew of of the Goodwin Sands. On reaching her three men, who had a very narrow escape, it was found she was the Mary. Kate, of were pluckily rescued by men who rushed London, homeward bound from Bemagen into the water to their assistance. The with a cargo of mineral waters. Her captain and another man still remained sails had been blown away and her on board the barque, and it was decided rigging was damaged, while her captain to take out the Life-boat to her again, had severely injured his hand, and he and but on approaching the ship, which was his crew of two men were thoroughly lying about six miles from the station, the exhausted. The Life-boat men having Government tug Alligator, which had been requested to try to save the vessel, been wired for, was sighted and on arrival five of them boarded her, and with the took charge of her and tried to tow her help of the Bamsgate steam-tug she was to Milford. However, when just outside taken to Bamsgate. .the bay the hawser parted, tbe two men were then taken on board the tug and HOLYHEAD.—On the morning of the the barque was abandoned. She after- 15th February a small schooner was seen wards drove back and became a total wreck. 786 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST AUGUST, 1900.

SUMMAEY OF THE MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEE.

THOBSDAY, llth January, 1900. of the St. Mary's (Scilly Islands) and St. Ives new Life-boats. Sir EDWARD BIBKBECK, Bart., V.P., Mr. WALTER G. WDTDHAM, late Lieutenant in the Chair. B.I.M., was appointed a District Inspector of Bead and confirmed the minutes of the Life-boats, vice Commander T. H. WILLOUGHBY previous meeting. BEDDOES, B.N., resigned. Also read those of the Building, Finance Paid 7,9542. for sundry charges on various and Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward Life-boat establishments. Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recom- Voted 5192. 1». 6d. to pay the expenses of the mendations be carried into effect. following Life-boat services:— Bead the reports of the District Inspectors Lives of Life-boats on their recent visits to the follow- Life-boat. Vessel. saved. ing Stations:— Northern District.—Fraserburgh, Whitelink Arbroath . . Four fishing-boats. Stood Bay, Dornooh Firth and Embo, Broughty Ferry, by boats. Southend (Cantyre), Campbeltown, Kildonan, Dover . ". . Pier works light-vessel. Port Logan, Whithorn, Kirkcudbright, Balcary Stood by vessel. and Port Patrick. DungenessNo.2 S.S. Pelotcu, of Ham- Eastern District.—Sunderland (South Outlet burg. Bemained by and South Pier), Boker, Whitburn, Seahsm, vessel. Hartlepool (three boats), West Hartlepool, Ferryside . . Barque Graigwhiimie, of Seaton Carew, Bedcar, Dungenesd (two boats) Calcutta. Landed 18. and New Romney. Filey . . . Fishing-cobles. Bemained Southern District.—Newhaven, Eastbourne, in attendance. Shoreham, Lyme Regis, Swanage, Poole and Newbiggin . S.S. Pauline, of Sunderland. Bournemouth. Stood by vessel. Western District.—Burnham, Weston-Super- New Brighton S.S. Highland Laird and Mare, Lynmonth, Watchet, Morthoe, Ilfra- (Steam Life-boat.) Albatross, of Liverpool. combe, Appledore (two boats), Clovelly, Bode, Rendered assistance. Padstow . . Fishing-boat, Harriett Ann, Port Isaac and Padstow (two boats). (Steam Life-boat.) of Padstow. Saved boat Reported the receipt of a contribution of and 2 18,8152 8s. Id. from the Central Committee of Port Patrick . Fishing-boat Irex, of Port the Life-boat Saturday Fund, as the nett Patrick. Rendered as- proceeds of "Life-boat Saturday, 1899." sistance. Resolved that the best thanks of the Committee Bamsey . . Schooner Ruby, of Aberyst- be conveyed to the Central Committee of the wyth 4 Life-boat Saturday Fund for their continued Robin Hood's Bay S.S. Knud, of Copen- valued co-operation. hagen 13 Also the receipt from the Civil Service Life- South wold No. 1. Brigantine Economy, of , Boat Fund, per CHARLES DIBDIN, Esq., Honor- Harwich .... 4 ary Secretary, of a further sum of 1,3722.15s. Id. Stonehaven . Danish Schooner Alma. to recoup the Institution all the expenses Rendered assistance. incurred in 1899 in maintaining the seven Swansea . . S.S. Bender, of Bridgwater. stations at which the seven Life-boats presented Remained by vessel. and endowed by the fund are placed. The Thurso . . Schooner Mite Btck, of total sum thus contributed to the Institution Carnarvon. Landed 4. by gentlemen in Her Majesty's Civil Service Tramore . . Schooner Unicorn, of Bally- has been 24,7061. 0«. 7d. hack 4 Resolved that the best thanks of the Com- Walmer . . South Sand Head light mittee be tendered to the subscribers to the vessel 7 fund for their continued very liberal support. Winterton No. 2. Schooner Cambrian, of Also the receipt of the following other special Swansea. Landed 5 men contributions since the last meeting:— from North Hasborough £ t. d. light vessel. Licensed Victuallers Life-boat Fund, in aid of support of Licensed The Grimsby (Steam Life-boat), Hauxley, Victualler Life-boat at Hnnstan- Ramsgate and Winterton No. 2 Life-boats ton (additional) 50 - - rendered the following services:—Schooner Loyal Order of Ancient Shepherds Demariui, of Goole, saved vessel; 8.8. Mimi, (Ashton Unity) (additional) . . 25 - - of Kiel, rendered assistance; barque Army, of "Collections from Seamen per C.L." 18 - - Rostock, assisted to save vessel, and s.s. Sybil, Offertories in St. Alban's Church, of London, assisted to save vessel and 19. Sunninghill, per C. D. KBUP- Voted also 9612. 3«. lOd. to pay for launches WMLOH, Esq 10 8 9 or assemblies by the crews of the following —To be severally thanked. Life-boats, with the view of assisting persons on board vessels in distress:—Ackergill, Broad- Reported the transmission to their Stations stain, Caister No. 1, Clacton-on-8ea, Cresswell, IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 787

Cromer, Dover, Dnnbar, Exmouth, Falmouth, Also 82. to four men for putting off in a boat Hastings, Hauxley, Holyhead (steam Life- and rescuing the crewi, numbering in all boat), Holv Island No. 1, Hythe, Kessingland twenty-four men, from five fishing boats which No. 2, Kirkcudbright, Llandudno, New- were in danger off St. Andrew's, Fifeshire, in a biggin, New Brighton, New Bomney, North moderate breeze, a heavy sea, and thick weather Berwick, Padstow (steam Life-boat), Palling on the 14th December. Great risk was in- No. 2, Plymouth. Kunswick, Eye, Southend curred by the salvors, their own boat being (Scotland), Swansea, Tynemouth No. 2, capsized while they were assisting one of the Upgang, Walmer,Walton-on-the-Naze,Wexford, fishing-boats. Whitby, Whithorn, Winehelsea, Winterton Also 62. to four fishermen for rescuing the No. 2, Great Yarmouth and Youghal. crew of three men of the fishing-boat Golden An extra reward was granted to the crew of Light, of St. Ives, which was upset in the bay the Tramore Life-boat, in recognition of their at St. Ives, in a strong N.N.E. breeze and a good services in rescuing the crew of the choppy sea, on the 1st December. The salvors schooner Unicorn, of Ballyhack, on the 10th lost their catch of fish and had a net damaged. December. Thanks were accorded to Mr. Also 22. to four men, for putting off in a B. O'S. WABDELL, Honorary Secretary, and Dr. boat, from Llandudnp, with the view of rescuing C. AMBROSE for volunteering for service in the the crew of the fishing smack Gip»y King, of Life-boat oil the occasion. Douglas, on the 12th December. What appeared The Committee considered reports of sever,! 1 from the shore to be men on the vessel was acts of gallantry performed on the occasion of found on reaching her to be sails rolled up. the catastrophe to the Aldeburgh Life-boat on Also 12. to four men for putting off in a boat the 7th December. and rescuing two men from the barge Concord, The Silver Second Service Clasp was awarded which had stranded outside Porthallow Cove, to Mr. CHARLES WARD, bowman of the Life- Cornwall, in a moderate E. breeze, a moderate boat, who was in charge of the Life-boat on the sea, and thick weather on the 8th January. occasion, the coxswain being prevented by ill- Kesolved, that the Life-boat Establishment ness from going out in the boat. On being at Thorpeness, Suffolk, be discontinued. washed up on the beach, WARD immediately went back into the water, and at great personal riik rescued first one and then another of his comrades. He already possessed the Institu- Thursday, 8th February, 1900. tion's Silver Medal, it having been presented to Sir EDWABD BIRKBECK, Bart., V.P., him in January, 1894, for general gallant in the Chair. services in the Life-boat. The thanks of the Institution, inscribed on Bead and confirmed the minutes of the vellum and framed, with the sum of 11.10«., were previous meeting. also presented to Mrs. HOLLAND, laundress, for Also read those of the Building, Finance wading into the sea up to her waist, at consi- and Correspondence, and Wreck and Beward derable risk, and assisting to save one of the Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recom- crew of the Life-boat. mendations be carried into effect. II. was awarded to Mr. JAMES SMITH, who Also read the minutes of the last meeting rendered assistance to two other Life-boat men. of the Central Committee of the Lite-boat Letters of thanks and pecuniary grants were Saturday Fund, and ordered that their recom- awarded to Messrs. WILLIAM KINO, WILLIAM mendations be carried into effect. PALLANT, and E. WARD, and monetary rewards Bead the report of the Chief Inspector of to CHABLEB BUBWOOD, JAMES C BITTEN, and Life-boats on his recent visits to the Southport JOSEPH WARD for services rendered on the and Fleetwood Stations. occasion. Also the reports of the District Inspectors of The Committee also daoided to tender their Life-boats on their visits to the following thanks for valuable co-operation rendered on Life-boat Stations:— the occasion by Lieut. J. O. WILLIAMS, B.N., Northern District.—North Berwick, Culler- Honorary Secretary of the Afdeburgh branch coats, Cresswell, Newbiggin and Tynemouth of the Institution ; Mr. AHEAHN, late of H.M. (two boats). Coastguard; Mr. JAMES CABLE ; Police Eastern District.—Folkestone, Hythe, Eings- Inspector MANN, and Messrs. ERNEST downe, Walmer, North Deal, Dover, Broadstairo, BOWERS, GEOBGE CONSTANCE, NIOHOLLS CORTON, Margate (two boats), and Bamsgate. A. EMERSON, ALEXANDER KEY, V. A. PARSLOE, Southern District.—Eastbourne, Bye, Win- W. W. WARD, G. A. WHISTLER and A. G. chelsea, Hastings and Shoreham. WHISTLER. Western District.—St. Ives, Penzance, Reported that a Coroner's Inquest had been Sennen Cove, St. Mary's, St. Agnes, Hayle held on the bodies of the six Life-boatmen who and New Quay (Cornwall). lost their lives as the result of the catastrophe, Reported the receipt of the following special the jury returning a verdict of accidental contributions since the last meeting :— drowning, and recommending that a harbour £ s. d. should be constructed at Aldeburgh; also that Mrs. A. HIOEMAN MORGAN (ad- the Cork Light Vessel should be connected ditional) 50 - - with the shore by telephone. W. INOHAM WHITAKEB, Esq., Voted 82. to two men injured while on service annual subscription . ... 25 - - in the Stromness and Winterton No. 2 Life- W. H. A. WHABTON, Esq. (ad- boats. ditional) 20 - - 788 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGUST, 1900.

£ «. d. assemblies by the crews of the following Life- T. K. HABDHS, Esq. (additional) . 20 - - boats with the view of assisting those on board Collected by friends at St. Michael's, distressed vessels :— Aldeburgh, Appledore Paddington, per the Rev. G. F. Nos. 1 and 2, Blackrock, Bude, Caister No. 1, PBESOOTT, M.A. (additional) . . 12 1 - Clacton-on-Sen, Clovelly, Folkestone, Formby, Offertory in Adderley Church, Greencastle, Groomsport, Harwich (steam Life- Market Drayton, per the Eev. boat), Hastings, Howth, Hoylake, Kingsdowne, ATHELSTAN COBBBT, M.A. . . 6 13 - Lowestoft No. 1, Margate No. 1, Palling No. 2, —To be severally thanked. Piel (Barrow). Rhyl, Southend-on-Sea (Essex), Alto the receipt of the following legacies:— Whitburn, Whitby No. 2 and Winterton No. 2. £ «. d. The Ramsgate Life-boat was taken out, but The late Mrs. PHILLTS LOWTHEB, of her services were not ultimately needed. Pallowfield 250 - - Voted 52. 15». to a man injured while on The late DENNIS ADAMS, Esq., of service in the Harwich Life-boat. Cambridge 100 - - Voted the Silver Medal of the Institution, The late Mrs. ALEXANDER BLACK, of accompanied by a copy of the vote inscribed on Hyde Park Gardens . . . . 100 - - vellum and framed, to Mr. DANIEL DEMPSEY, The late Mrs. HENBIETTA HODGSON, lighthouse boatman at Sanda, Scotland, and to of Tidenham, Gloucester . . . 10 - - his sons DANIEL and ALEXANDEE, for putting off in a" boat and at very great risk (Mr. Voted the best thanks of the Committee to DEMPSEY, Senior, being washed pat of the boat GEORGE WILKS, Esq.; HENBY THOMAS, Esq.; and with difficulty rescued by his sons) saving the Rev. Canon ANSON FIRTH, M.A.; W. H. five men from the schooner Sovereign, of H. KENNEDY, Esq.; FBANK MESSENT, Esq., and Campbeltown, which was totally wrecked on A. S. GABBETT, Esq., in acknowledgment of the island of Sanda, in a strong breeze from their past valuable .services as Honorary N.W. to N., squally weather, and a heavy Secretaries respectively of the Hythe, Hayle, cross-sea, on the 25th December. The sum of Durham, Wicklow, Tynemouth and Thorpe 32. was also awarded to Mr. DEMPSEY, and 22. Branches of the Institution, which offices they to each of his two sons. had just resigned. Also an aneroid barometer to Mr. EVAN Reported the transmission to its station of WILLIAMS, farmer, for rescuing the crew of the new Life-boat for New Romney. three men from the ketch Anne, of Carnarvon, Paid 3,0322. for sundry charges on various which struck on the rocks at Porthscaden Life-boat establishments. Point, Carnarvonshire, in a strong S.W. breeze Read letters from the Board of Trade for- and a heavy surf, on the 8th January. The warding copies of the Report of the Inquiry men were seen in the rigging at 7.30 A.M., by held by the Board into* the circumstances Mr. Williams, who shouted to them to make for attending the accident to the Aldeburgh Life- the shore, and as they reached the rocks he boat on the 7th December. The Report stated alone and unaided got hold of them and that the boat was suitable for the work she had dragged them out of the broken water. to do, was properly equipped and in good con- Also 32. 158. to five men for reicuing the crew dition when she left the beach, and was of four men from the schooner MalJUatre, of properly and carefully navigated by a tho- Bridgwater, which had stranded near Howth, roughly competent coxswain of great experience. in a whole gale from E. and a very heavy sea, Voted 2432. 19s. to pay the expenses attending on the 28th December. the undermentioned Life-boat services:— Also 22.10«. to five men for rescuing the crew Life-boat. Vessel. Liv«g of four men from the fishing-boat Base, of Sand, Burton Port, which had been capsized in the Buckie . . Fishing-boats. Stood by surf on Trienagh Bar, near Aranmorq, Ireland, boats. on the 23rd December. Caister No. 2 . Ketch Temperance Pledge, Also 12. 108. to six men for putting off in a of Scarborough . . . boat to the assistance of the crew of a boat Clogher Head . Lugger Irith Girl, of Dun- which had been upset at the mouth of the dalk. Saved vessel and Liffey while in tow of a tug, in a rough sea, Cullercoats. Coble Thistle. Rendered on the 10th January. The men, however, were assistance. picked up by the tug. Filey . . . Fishing-cobles. Stood by Also 12. 5». to five fishermen for putting off boats. in a coble from Staithes, Yorkshire, and assist- Hayle . . . Schooner Caroline, of ing other cobles which had been overtaken by a Paclstow very thick fog and a heavy sea. Kilmore Barrels Rock light vessel. Landed a man who was Also 15*. to three men who, while fishing off ill. Beadnell, Northumberland, on the 10th January, Point of Ayr . S.S. North Tyne, of New- saw another coble disabled by the breaking of castle. Stood by vessel. tier rudder, proceeded to her assistance and Fishing-cobles. Remained towed her into safety. A very strong N.W. Staithes . . breeze was blowing at the time and there was a in attendance. rough sea. Winterton No. 1Barque Tlieodor,ot Elsfleth 13 Also 15». to a man for rescuing another man The Brancaster Life-boat assisted to save from the mast-head of a fishing smack which the schooner Edwin, of Portmadoc. dad been submerged in Poole Harbour, Dorset, Voted 7122. 0*. 6d. to pay for launches or in a moderate N.W. gale, on the 16th January. IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 789

THURSDAY, 8th February, 1900. £ «. d. A Special General Meeting of the Governors The late JAMBS ToLEMAN,"'Esq., of of the Royal National Lite-boat Institution Goswell Road (balance) . . .608-8 was held this day, pursuant to notice given by The late Countess of SHAFTESBUBY advertisement, at its house, John Street, in aid of Groomsport and Green- Adelphi, London, to confirm the Bye-Laws of castle Branches ..... 200 - - the Institution as amended by the Committee The late EDWARD DUKES, Esq., of of Management. Handsworth ...... 50 - - The Chair was taken by Sir EDWARD BIBK- The late Mias ELIZA DAVIS, of Red- BBOK, Bart., V.P. land, Bristol ...... 50 - - It was moved by Captain G. B. Preston, The late Mrs. C. E. COOPER, of seconded by Capt. the Hon. John M. Yorke, Mistley ...... 10 - - R.N., and carried unanimously. Voted the best thanks of the Institution to "That the Bye-Laws now submitted, as T. W. ISLAY YOUNO, Esq.; the Rev. J. N. amended by the Committee of Management PALMER, M.A.; W. G. HAMILTON, Esq.; and being in accordance with the provisions of WALTER CARTER, Esq. ; F. A. SEARLE, Esq. ; the Royal Charter and the practice of the The Rev. S. S. HOLMES, B.A. ; THOMAS PABSON, Committee of Management, be approved and Esq., and Miss F. E. MILWABD, in recognition adopted." of their past valuable services as Honorary Secretaries respectively, of the Swansea, Bern- bridge, Wisbeoh, Barrow-in-Furness, Appledore, THURSDAY, 8th March, 1900. Groomsport, Looe and Kedditch Branches of the Sir EDWARD BIRKBEOK, Bart., V.P., in Institution, which offices they had just resigned. the Chair. The Committee also specially recognised the Read and confirmed the Minutes of the valuable services, extending over many years, previous meeting. of the following Honorary Secretaries of Also read those of the Building, Finance Branches of the Institution: — Colonel R. W. and Correspondence, and Wreck and Reward B. MIREHOUSE, J.P., Angle; ALFRED KENDRICK, Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recom- Esq., Brixham ; JOHN HUOHES, Esq., Bull Bay ; mendations be carried into effect. F. W. LEWELLEN, Esq., Clacton-on-Sea ; Mrs. Read the report of the Chief Inspector of J. POMEHOY, Enniskillen; M. F. MORESBY, Life-boats on his recent visit to the Piel Esq., R.K., Exmouth; WtLLiAM COLE, Esq., (Barrow) Station. J.P., Ilfracombe and Morthoe: JOHN DAVIES, Also the reports of the District Inspectors of Esq., LUnddulas; JOHN CORRIS, Esq., Peel; Life-boats on their visits to the following Life- Mr. CHARLES BEVAN, Port Eynon; the Rev. boat Stations:— H. W. Corry, Porthleven; Major W. A. Northern District.—Hauxley, Blyth (two STAOKHOUSE, Settle ; Captain EVAN JONES, boats), Boulmer, North Sunderland, Alnmouth South Carnarvonshire; Mr. JOHN SINOLAIB, and Holy Island (two boats). Southwold; JSNEAS M. MACKENZIE, Esq., Eastern District—Winterton (two boats), Stornoway; Admiral GEOROE JOHNSON, Taunton; Gaister (two boats), Yarmouth, Gorleston (three HENRY WARBEN, Esq., Weymouth; and J. G. boats), Pakefield, Kessingland (two boats), OLDFIELD, Esq., Whitehaven. Lowestoft (two boats), Southwold (two boats) Reported the transmission to their Stations and Dunwich. of the Port Patrick and Swansea new Life- Southern District.—Looe, Plymouth, Yealm boats. River, Torquay, Tsignmouth, Brighton, Hope Paid 6,766Z. for sundry charges on various Cove, Salcombe, Brixham and Exmouth. Life-boit establishments. Western District.—Barry Port, Swansea, Voted 38BZ. 9«. to pay the expenses connected Port Eynon and Fishguard (two boats). with the following Life-boat services : — Reported the receipt of the following special contributions since the last meeting:— Life-boat. Vessel.; £ t. d. Atherfield . Barque Aitguste, of Brake 18 Dog-owners of Great Britain, Banff . . . Fishing-boats. Attended through The Stock-Keeper . . 81 1 6 boats. " C. A. M." 50 - -Banff . . . Barque Ebenezer, of Pors- Collected on board the S.S. Lizzie, grund ...... 7 per Capt. DURKE 3 12 - Boulmer . . Fishing-boats. Attended Offertory in Holy Trinity Church, boats. Westcott, Dorking, per the Rev. Dunbar . . . Barque Eeelefeehan, of A. D. WOOLLEY, B.A 386 Glasgow ..... 24 Collected on board the R.M.8. Filey . . . A fishing-coble. Rendered Tantallon Cattle, per Captain assistance. TRAVEHS 2 10 - Fishguard No. 2 Ketch The Volunteer, of —To be severally thanked. Aberystwyth ... 2 Fishguard No. 2 Schooner Sarah Dames, of Also the receipt of the following legacies :— Aberystwyth ... 3 The late WILLIAM ROBERTS, Esq., of £ s. d. Formby . . Schooner Eclipse, of Peel, Manchester, for building and Isle of Man. Rendered maintaining on the Welsh Coast assistance. a Life-boat to be called the Holy Island No. 1 S.S. Strathbeg, of Fraser- William Boberts Life-boat. . .1200 - - burgh ..... 7 790 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGUST, 1900.

Life-boat. Vewel. Lives private soldiers went in a boat from Eocky Saved. Island to Spike Island, Co. Cork, and on the Holy Island No. 1 Fishing-boats. Stood by return journey, at about 7 P.M., the boat was boats. capsized. Seeing that one of the soldiers was Little Haven . Barque Cashier, of Ant- unable to swim (he sank twice before he could werp 23 be reached) Sergeant DANIELS swam to his Looe . . . Ketch B. T. S., of Bridg- assistance, took him to the upturned boat and water 4 having enabled him to hold on to her, en- Looe ... 6 Crab-boats. Attended deavoured to assist the other soldier, but boats. unfortunately was unable to find him. Margate No. 2. Schooner Picton, of Car- Attracted by the men's shouts a boat's crew put narvon 5 off from Spike Island, rescued the soldier from Also saved a dog. the boat, picked up the sergeant, who was North Sunderland Landed keeper (who much exhausted by his exertions, and then was ill) from Longstone searched for the missing man, but without Lighthouse. success- For their services the crew of the Palling No. 1. . Ketch. Ada Gome, of Har- boat were rewarded by the local military wich. Stood by vessel. authorities. Sergeant DANIELS has since pro- Port Eynon . Steamer Ethiopia, of ceeded to South Africa on active service. London. Rendered as- Also, the Silver Medal of the Institution, sistance. accompanied by a copy of the vote inscribed Eunswiek . . Fishing-cobles, of Whitby. on vellum and framed, to Messrs. FRANCIS Remained in attend- GEOROE CLEMENTS and SAMUEL HUBBARD, for ance. gallantly rushing into the surf and assisting, Whitby No. 2 . Fishing-cobles. Attended at great personal risk, to save the crew of four boats. men of the schooner Lizzie and Edith, of West Hartlepool, which was totally wrecked at The Aldeburgb, Appledore No. 1, Broadstairs, Eccles, Norfolk, in a strong N.E. gale and a Holy head (Steam Life-boat), Margate No. 1, very heavy sea, on the 14th February. Eamsgate and Scarborough Life-boats ren- Also 6Z. 3g. 3d., weekly allowances and dered the following services :—S.S. Sylton, of medical expenses, to two men injured while London, assisted to save vessel and 21 lives; on service with the Greencastle and North ketch. Fame, of Barnataple, saved vessel; Berwick Life-boats. barge Mary Kate, of London, assisted to save Also 21. to two men for wading into the vessel and 3; schooner Albion, of Buncorn, water and rescuing three of the crew of the assisted to save vessel; barge Mitpah, of barque Cashier, of Antwerp, whose boat, while Harwich, saved vessel and 3; ketch endeavouring to reach the shore at Little Haven, Sunbeam, of Teignmouth, 4 lives saved; s.s. Pembrokeshire, was capsized in the breakers , Hopeful, stood by vessel, and steam trawler on the 18th February. Viking, assisted to save vessel. Also 11. 17s. Gd. to five men for putting oif Voted also 857Z. 19s. 3d!, to pay for assemblies in a boat and rescuing a man who had been or launches to the aid of vessels not ultimately carried out to sea in a boat from the ferry at needing help, by the following Life-boats:— Fethard, Co. Wexford, and was in an exhausted Appledore Nos. 1 and 2, Atherfield, Bembridge, condition, having been in the boat about Boulmer, Brighstoue Grange, Cadgwith, Caister twenty-four hours. A strong breeze was blow- No. 1, Courtown, Dunbar, Dungarvan, Dunmore ing from N.N.E., and the sea was very rough. Bast, Eyemouth, Plamborough No. 2, Formby, Gorlestou Nos. 1 and 3, Hasborough, Hilbre Island, Little Haven, Margate Nos. 1 and 2, North Berwick, North Sunderland, Palling No. 1, Penmon, Port Eynon, Porthoustock, Wednesday, 14th March, 1900. Eunswick, St. Ives, Southend-on-Sea, Southsea, The Annual General Meeting of the Southwold No. 1, Swanage, Tenby, Tynemouth Governors and friends of the Boyal National N/). 2 and Whitburn. Life-boat Institution took place this day at Voted an extra reward to the crew of the St. Martin's Town Hall, Charing Cross Boad, Dunbar Life-boat, in recognition of their good Hia Grace the DCK.B or DEVONSHIRE, K..G., services in saving the crew of the barque Lord President of the Council, in the Chair. Ecctefechan, of Glasgow, on the 23rd ult. The Chairman having made some suitable Also an aneroid barometer, with a suitable observations on the great and national inscription, to WILLIAM BERTRAM, Esq., character of the operations of the Institution, Honorary Secretary of the Dunbar Branch, in the annual report (which will be found in the recognition of his valuable services, especially May number of The Life-boat Journal) was on the occasion of the launch of the Life-boat presented to the meeting. for service on the 23rd and 27th. nit. The meeting was also addressed Toy the Voted the Silver Medal of the Institution, MARQUIS OF LONDONDKHBT, K.G., the Bight accompanied by a copy of the vote inscribed Hon. A. H. SMITH-BAKBY, M.P., Captain on vellum and framed, to Sergeant THOMAS ANTHONY THOMSON, C.B. (an Elder Brother of DANIELS, 4th Battalion South Staifordshire the Trinity House), J. AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN, Regiment, for gallant services in saving life. Esq., M.P. (a Lord of the Admiralty), Sir On the 24th January, while the wind was THOMAS BRADY, Sir EDWARD BIRKBECK, blowing from W.N.W., accompanied by a Bart, V.P. (Chairman of the Institution), and moderate sea, Sergeant DANIELS and two Captain the Hon. JOHN M. YORKE, R.N. IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 791

The officers for the current year were chosen, Reported the receipt of the following special and various resolutions were moved, seconded, contributions since the last meeting:— and carried unanimously, pledging the meeting £ «. d. to renewed exertions on behalf of the benevo- HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE lent and national objects of the Institution, and QUEEN (annual subscription) . . 50 - - expressing the fullest confidence in the W. R. TEAGB, Esq 100 - - management. GEORGE RICHMOND, Esq. . . . 52 10 - The officers' names and the resolutions will J. AUSTEN CHAMBERLAIN, Esq., be found in the May number of The Life-lioat M.P 21 - - Journal. Residuary Legatees of the late Miss SARAH GUION PAYNB, of Upper Norwood 20 - - THURSDAY, 12th April, 1900. R. A. LUBBOCK, Esq. (additional) . 20 - - Mrs. STEWART SAVBLE (annual Sir EDWARD BIREBECK, Bart., V.P., in subscription) ...... 20 - - the Chair. "M. H." 15 - - The following resolution was unanimously Trustees of Berman's Charity (ad- passed and ordered te be communicated to His ditional) 10 10 - Royal Highness the PRINCE OF WALES, K.G., —To be teveraUy thanked. President, and Her Eoyal Highness the PRINCESS OF WALES, Vice-Patron of the Institu- Also the receipt of the following legacies:— tion :— £. «. d. " That this Committee desire to express their The late THOMAS LOCKWOOD, Esq., horror and indignation at the attack recently of Harrogate, to be devoted in made upon their President, His Koyal Highness whole, or in part, as may be the PRINCE OF WALES and to convey to their requisite, to the building and Royal Highnesses their sincere and heartfelt maintaining a Life-boat to be congratulations on His Royal Highness' escape." called the Mary Ann LocTewood 2,000 - - Bead and confirmed the minutes of the The late Mrs. SABAH BEACH, of previous meeting. James Street, Westbourne Ter- Also read those of the Building, Finance, race, W., to provide a Life-boat to and Correspondence and Wreck and Reward be called the Philip Beach, and Sub-Committees, and ordered that their stationed on the English coast, recommendations be carried into effect. elsewhere than round the Isle of Sir EDWARD BIRKBECK, Bart., V.P., was Wight, in memory of her late unanimously elected Chairman, and Colonel husband 1,000 - - FuzRoT CLAYTON, V.P., Deputy-Chairman of The late STEPHEN BUSK, Esq., of the Committee of Management of the Institu- Upper Brook Street, W. . . 1,000 - - tion for the ensuing year. The late Miss A, A. ASHWIN, of The members of ,the Sub - Committees Holloway Road, N 419 18 3 (Colonel FrrzRoY CLAYTON, V.P., Chairman) The late W. D. HABT, Esq., of were also elected for the current year. Also Stoke Newington 200 - - the delegates to the Central Committee of the The late Miss AMELIA ELLIS, of Life-boat Saturday Fund. King's Norton 100 - - Read the report of the Chief Inspector of Life- The late Mrs. H. E. MARTIN, of boats on his recent visits to Dunmore East, Newton Abbot 90 - - Hook Tower, Slade, Church Town, Fethaid, The late LEWIS JONES, Esq., of Kilmore, Courtmacsherry, Giles' Quay, Dublin Beaumaris, in aid of Beaumaris and Aranmore. Branch 88 19 - Also the reports of the District Inspectors of The late Miss M. A. LEICESTER, of Life-boats on their visits to the. following Bishop's Road, W. (additional) . 24 10 3 Stations:— Northern District. — Eyemouth, Boulmer, The Committee expressed deep regret at the Berwick-on-Tweed, Dunbar, North Berwick, decease of Mr. ROBERT McCowEN, J.P., who Anstruther, Crail, St. Andrew's, Johnshaven, had occupied the office of Honorary Secretary Broughty Ferry, Arbroath and Montrose (two of the Fenit (Tralee Bay) Branch of the boats.) Institution for 21 years, and it was decided to Eastern District. — Harwich (two boats), send a letter of sympathy to his family. Walton-on-Naze, Clacton-on-Sea, Southend-on- Voted the best thanks of the Committee to Sea, Cromer, Staithes, Runswick, Saltburn, Mr. JOHN SINCLAIR, in recognition of his long Sheringham and Aldeburgh. and valuable services as Honorary Secretary of Southern District.—Selsey, Porthleven, Pol- the South wold Branch of the Institution, which pear, Porthoustock, Cadgwith, Mullion, Fal- office he had just resigned. mouth, Mevagissey, Fowey, Looe and Sidmouth. Paid 5,9191. for sundry charges on various Western District.—Cardigan, New Quay, Life-boat establishments. Aberystwyth, Penarth, Porthc,awl, Ferryside, Voted 761. 16s. 9d. to pay the expenses of the Tenby, Angle and Littlehaven.' following Life-boat services:— Irish District.—Poolbeg, Kingstown (two boats), Howth, Skerries, Arklow, Dunmore Life-boat. Veaael. ^ East, Drogheda, Clogher Head, Wioklow, Cambois . . Schooner Frederick, of Kilmore and Courtmacsherry. Bremerhaven ... 5 792 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST AUGUST, 1900.

Life-bo&t. Vessel. ™j. Northumberland, and rescning nine of the crew of the s.s. Sallyaotton, of Glasgow, who were on Mablethorpe . A derelict boat. Saved the Emblestone rock where their vessel had boat stranded in a whole gale from S.E., a very Newbiggin . Schooner Arpira.nl, of heavy sea and hazy weather on the loth Stavanger .... 6 February. Also 2Z. 12*. 6d. to seven men for putting off The Braneaster, Margate No. 2, Porthoustock in a boat and rescuing two men from a lighter and Ramsgate Life-boats respectively, assisted which had been caught in a squall and had to save the ketch Queen Mab, of London, been driven on to the broken river wall at ketch Egremont, of Exeter, with five persons on Drogheda, co. Louth, in a strong E.N.E. gale board, barque 6. S., of Fecamp, and brigantine and a heavy sea on the 3rd March. The EogZe, of Waterford. vessel sunk goon after the men had been taken Voted also 189?. 5s. Sd., to pay the expenses off. of assemblies of crews, watching or launches of Also 2J. 10s. to two farmers for putting off in the following Life-boats, with the view of a boat, and, at moderate risk, rescuing eight assisting those on board vessels in distress:— persons from a boat which had been capsized in BaUycotton, Broad/stairs, Caister No. 1, Crail, Legaan Pass, between LettermuIJen and CuIIercoats, Dunbar, Eyemonth, Margate No. 1, Goramna Island, co. Galway, in a moderate Montrose No. 2, North Deal, Queenstown E. wind and a smooth sea, on the 31st No. 2, Roker, St. Peter's Port, Saltburn, January. The ninth occupant of the boat was Sheringham, Thorpeness, West Hartlepool and drowned, and two of those who were rescued "Wwrtord. died from exhaustion. Voted 261. to three men injured while on Also 21. 5s. to six men for putting off in a service with the Life-boats at Rhyl, Point of boat to the assistance of the lugger Pride, of Ayr and Anstruther. Belfast, which had stranded and capsized off Voted the thanks of the Institution and Cloughey, co. Down, in a strong E. wind and a 11.10s. each to Ssim Bit AM, JAKES SWEETMAN, rough sea on the 10th March. It was found, BICHABD SwEBMrAir, THOMAS RYAN, STEPHEN however, that the vessel's crew had landed in RYAN, and CHRISTOPHER Wiuns, Fishermen, for their own boat. putting off in a boat and saving three of four Also 11. 10s. to Police-Constable WILLIAM persons from the fishing-boat Village Sells, of JAMES, of the Pembrokeshire Constabulary, Dublin, -which was swamped at Lough Shinny, who rendered assistance in saving life on the co. Dublin, in a moderate gale from N.B. and occasion of the capsize of a boat belonging to a very heavy sea on the 27th February. the barque Caihier, at Little Haven, Pembroke- Similar rewards were also granted to shire, on the 16th February. Having had EDWIN CCPMAN, JAMES BOYACK, EDWIN ambulance training, he was also able to render SIMONS, BOBEBT STJLMVAN, Coastguards; and valuable help in resuscitating one of the men to WILLIAM FEBGUSON, GEOBSE WILDE, CHBIS- who was nearly drowned, and who, in the TOPHBB WILDE, and FBANCIS RYAN, Fisher- absence of such assistance, would probably men, for putting off in another boat to the have expired. rescue and remaining out about half an Police-Constable JAMES, who was for some hour searching for the other member of the years in the Mercantile Marine, generously boat's crew, but unfortunately without success. returned the sum awarded to him as a donation Great risk was incurred by the crews of each of in aid of the funds of the Institution, adding the boats. that his experience while at sea had enabled The thanks of the Committee were voted to him to appreciate the value of the Institution- Messrs. LAURENCE BAIN, THOMAS THOMASSON, Also )0s. to a man who, while in a small PBTKR BKOWS, THOMAS JEBOMESON, jun.. and boat in a smooth sea and a light E. by N. LAUBENOE BROWN, crofters, for putting off in a wind, observed a boat sinking near the Guard boat from Fetlar and rescuing nine of the crew of the barque Hedeeig of Fredriksstad, which Buoy, off Harwich. He sailed to the boat as had stranded oa the Island of Daaey. The quickly as possible and succeeded in rescuing men tad taken, refuge oa the Island, which is three of the occupants, but the fourth man was uninhabited, the mate of the vessel was drowned. drowned in attempting to reach the islet, and one of the crew who succeeded in. reaching THURSDAY, 10th May, 1900. it succumbed 'o exhaustion, the men not being seen from J?ettar until noon after the wreck, Sir EDWARD BIBKBBCK, Bart., Y.P., in which occurred at 5 p.m. on the 17th October. the Chair. A moderate gale was blowing from S.E., Read and confirmed the minutes of the accompanied by a heavy sea and snow, at the previous meeting. time the men were rescued. Rend letter from Sir FBANCIS KNOLLYS, A letter of thanks was also ordered to be K.C.B., K.C.M.G., dated the 19th April, 1900, sent to Sir ABTHUB NICHOLSON, Bart., of expressing the warm thanks of H.B.H. the Fetlar, for the kindness .shown by Lady PRINCE OP WALES, K.G., President of the NICHOLSON and himself to the shipwrecked Institution, to the Committee of Management men who were taken to his house, where they for their kind congratulations on His Soya! received proper attention. On the 22nd October Highness' merciful preservation from the they were taken by steamer to Harwich. recent attempt on his life. Also 26Z. 5s. to twenty-one fishermen for Bead the minutes of the Building, Finance putting off in cobles from Newton-by-the-Sea, and Correspondence, and Wreck and Beward IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 793

Sub-Committees, and ordered that their recom- , Deep regret was expressed at the death of mendations be carried into effect. of His Grace the DCKK or ARGYLL, K.G., who Also read the minutes of the last meeting of had been for many years one of the Vice- the Central Committee of the Life-boat Saturday '. Presidents of the Institution. Fund, and ordered that their recommendations I Also at the death of Mr. F. O. Pinkney, the be carried into effect. I Honorary Secretary of the Sunderland Branch Bead the report of the Chief Inspector of i of the Institution. Life-boats on his recent visits to the Morthoe, Decided that the Life-boat Station at Morthoe Ilfracombe and Watohet Life-boat Stations. (Devonshire) be discontinued. , Also the reports of the District Inspectors on Reported the transmission to its station of their recent visits to the following- stations:— the new Life-boat for Porthleven (Cornwall). Northern District.—Port Erroll, Newburgh, Paid 3,5132. for sundry charges on various Peterhead, Fraserbnrgh, Whitelink Bay, Gour- Life-boat establishments. don, Stonehaven, Anetruther and Stornoway. Approved of the grant of 1,OOOZ. which, by Eastern District.—Whitby (two boats), direction of members authorised at the preced- Upgang, Bnnswick, Robin Hood's Bay, Scar- ing Meeting of the Committee, had been borough, Filey, Flamborough (two boats), remitted, as the Institution's contribution, to Bridlmgton Quay, Hornsea.Withernsea, Palling the fund being raised locally for the relief of (two boats) and Hasborough. the dependents of eight men who unfortunately Southern District. — Littlehampton, St. lost their lives on the occasion of the capsize of Heller's, St. Peter's Port, Weymonth and the Padstow steam Life-boat while on service Swanage. on the llth April. Four widows and fourteen Western District.—Burnham, Weston-Super- young children were left to be provided for. Mare, St. David's, Fishguard (two boats), Bead the Report of the Inquiry, held by the Aberdovey, Aberystwyth, Burmouth, Pwllheli, Board of Trade, into the circumstances attend- Abersoch, Porthdinllaen, Port Isaac, Padstow ing the accident: also reports from the Chief and Bude. Inspector of Life-boats and the Surveyor of Irish District. — Aranmore, Giles Quay, Life-boats. Qreenore, Kingstown, Cahore, Courtown, Wex- The steam Life-boat was completely wrecked i'ord, Rosslare Harbour, Kilmore and Portrnsh. and the pulling Life-boat, Arab, was damaged Reported the receipt of the following special beyond repair. Decided to replace the latter contributions since the last meeting :— by a new Life-boat, a reserve boat being placed £ e. d. at the station pending the building of the new Trustees of the late W. THORNGATE, boat. Esq. (annual subscription) . 80 - - Voted the sum of 51. to each of the crew of RICHARD EDHIDQE, Esq., Wolver- the Life-boat Arab, and to each of the deck hampton, per Wolverhampton hands, or their representatives, of the steam Brunch, "to be appropriated to Life-boat. the Endowment Fund" . . . 20 - - The expenses of medical attendance on the Collected on board the R.M.S. Tan- survivors and of the funerals of the four men tattanCatOe, per Captain TEAVEBS 10 10 - whose bodies had been recovered were defrayed Collected at the North Shields Mer- by the Institution. cantile Marine Office, per JAMES Voted 109Z. 12». to pay the expenses of the T. EBBS, Esq 105- following services by Life-boats:— Collected on board the 8.Y. Argonaut Lives on her last cruise, per F. G. Life-boat. Vessel. saved. Harman, Esq 6 12 4 Collected at a Sunday evening ser- Dungeness /Barque Capella, of Bre- vice in Rochester Cathedral, per No. 1. . . \ men. Stood by vessel. the Very Bev. the Dean ... 6 3 4 Fenit . . . S.S, Trawler Salamander, —To be severally thanked. of Great Yarmouth. Landed 7. Also the receipt of the following legacies :— PI,- TT j> (Coble Star of Bethlehem, & s. d. Robin Hoods of Scarbor£ugh. Ken. The late ROGER ROWSON Boss, Esq., * • | dered assistance. of Chorlton-npon-Medloek, to provide a Life-boat to be named Scarborough . Coble Snowdrop. Ren- the John Linguard Bon, and dered, assistance. stationed on the English or Scotch Staithes . . Two cobles. Bendered Coast; the surplus, if any, to be assistance. applied to the general purposes of Thurso S.S. Shaw, of Aberdeen the Institution 900 - - (Manned by Wick crew) The late JAMES J. FBOST, Esq., of Winterton No. 2 Lugger Ste. Mart* mire Streatham Common .... 270 - - de Dieu, of Gravelines. The late Mrs. ELIZABETH YOUNG, of Stood by vessel. Turnell Park, N 179 17 6 The late Miss MARGARET PATTERSON, The Buokie Life-boat saved the lugger Mary, of Southampton 30 - - of .Buckle with nine men on board, and the The late Mrs. SABAH BURDEN, of Gorleston No. 3 Life-boat assisted to save the Malvern 25 - - three-masted schooner Brazilian, of South The late Mrs. F. E. THOMAS, of Shields. Nunney, Somerset (additional) . 2 19 10 Voted also 1532. 10s. 3d. to pay for assemblies 794 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT AUGUST, 1900.

of crews, watching, or launches of the following with the Dnngeness No. 2 Life-boat on the Life-boats with the view of assisting those on 29th December. board vessels in distress:—Caister No. 1, Also 11. 17s. Sd. to five fishermen for rescuing D unbar, Gorleston Ho. 1, Gourdon, Huna, the ere~w of {OUT men from tue fishing-boat Palling No. 2, Shoreham and "Wick. Glee Maiden, which had been capsized off Voted the sum of 51. to T. PLTJMB, a foreman Greencastle, co. Donegal, in squally weather launcher, who was injured ^ while on" service on the 24th April.

THE WILD SIDE OF SCAEBOEOUGH.*

I LOOK out of my window, and find that the the London boat, an ugly lump of a coaster, snow is falling thickly, and that the wind is has got athwart the entrance, and there is not blowing in from the sea. I raise the Bash and water enough to float her. She is a danger to listen, and hear the roar of the rising tide upon herself and the incoming, rushing steamboats, the beach. It is the boom of the growing gale. and desperate is the effort that is made to berth I get into my heaviest clothing, and hurry her, so thtft she shall be herself in safety, and down the Valley to the foreshore. Here I find removed from the track of the traffic. While that wind and wave are waging war, and are men on board and ashore are getting her away, driving landward with united voices. East- the steamboats are running home. They ride ward there are tumbling yellow seas, and in on the swelling seas, lost to view time after ghostlike in the South Bay are steamboats, time in the snow and spray-filled air. They which are waiting till the tide serves, BO that come, now wallowing in the trough, now rising they may seek the shelter of the harbour. The on some huge crest; at times caught broadside air is thick—like fog—with snow and spray, and swept toward the bay with an appalling and already, three hours before high water, force. You hold your breath as they beat there are signs of what the seas will be when gallantly in. You see the great waves crumble we have reached the top of the flood. Waves at the end of the East Pier, you notice the are rushing and swirling round the end of the swirl of the tide, and you see dimly, as through East Pier, and the mass of stonework is from a mist, that fatal shore on which so many time to time smothered in the breaking waters. ships and men have perished. Over the bay, The combers are thundering on the beach, and in the welter, you discern the Spa, and wonder the surf is whipped from the crests and carried if that storm-beaten spot can ever be the townward in a great grey cloud. Above is the chosen haunt of much that is fairest and leaden, sullen sky, ahead is the gloomy Castle brightest in. the covmtiy. Hill, alongside is the long procession of the " 'Ere she comes! 'Old her up, Skipper! seas, underfoot is the slushy snow, and about Now she does it! No she doesn't! She'll you is the swiftly growing storm. From the miss it! No she won't! " You are standing chimneys of the old town, rising on the hill- under the lee of the waterhouse sheltering with side, comes the smoke, which is caught by the a group of fishermen, and you hear their levelling wind, and mingles with the ocean's excited comments as the brave old weather- spray. beuten trawlers—the like of which you will not I fight my way along the foreshore, and as find elsewhere than off the Tyne and Scar- I pass the Life-boat house the doors are flung borough—rush round the pier-head, with their wide open, oil-skinned men are putting ou paddles thumping and their oil-clad crews at their life-belts, and the crew are standing by in. their stations on the sea-swept deck. There is readiness to meet a call. The first of the heaving of ropes, bawling of orders, twirling of steamboats, a battered paddle-vessel, is making steering-wheels—and the ancient craft steam for the harbour, although the tide-ball has not calmly into the harbour and up to their buoys. yet been hoisted. I press along, and struggle They have fought another fight, and it is still down the lighthouse pier, and there I learn well with them. once more what a winter's gale at Scarborough The sea is growing mightily, and a little is like, and what it means to those in charge of screw-boat—she is a " Hullman"—with a free- the old-time harbour. board of something like three feet, conies Harbour-master, deputy harbour-master, and through the smother of the gale and is swept staff are all clothed in oil-frocks, sou'-westers, onward like a shell. Three men are in her and heavy top - boots — clothing which you wheelhouse, and they rush her round as no one would think would defy the weather of the but North Sea smacksmen can rush a trawler Horn itself; and yet there is not one who is round the race of Castle Hill. Still all is not wet to the skin. Bain and snow and bustle, for the boats keep coming in. Then as deluge of sea beat through their garments, and the evening closes, harbour-master, deputy, the glistening figures flounder at their duty in and staff sigh with relief, for the worst is over the perfection of discomfort. for the present; their time of greatest anxiety On the lighthouse pier there is thud of sea, has passed and they can seek temporary groan of machinery, clank of paddle, howl of refuge from the storm. wind, and roar of human voice. At the har- I have long since sought refuge in the office bour mouth there is confusion and disorder, for at the base of the lighthouse. Time after time the seas sweep in almost solid sheets against * From the forhihire Pott. the rounded side, and the little window by the IST AUGUST, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 795 desk is deluged. At intervals there comes a ing over the two harbours of spray so thick sea which smashes upon and over the Bast Pier, • that it looks like an enormous cloud of steam. -with a force so terrific that the lighthouse : Vessels at their moorings are swallowed up in positively jumps, for the shock comes through ; the spray, and the water rolls down the inner to the structure by way of the booms connect- ' side of the pier like 8 gigantic cataract. ing the outer breakwater with the bead of the I Warily, we struggle out of the little door of Lighthouse Pier. j the lantern, and look at the advancing seas. The door opens, and in come the harbour-1 Even at that height above the water the spray is master and the deputy. They are drenched , carried far above our heads; it is impossible to with the seas and the soft snow, and numb with ' face the fury of the storm, and the stoutest heart their exposure. They will, they say, want " a | must almost quail at that furious plain of water. dry shift from clew to earing," and one pro- | It is well that my friend assures me that this is ceeds to remove his " soul and body lashing," ! as nothing compared with the same sight from as he terms it—Sn other words, a rope which j a steamer's bridge. I clamber with him back he has fastened round his body to keep Ms oil- into the lantern, down the steps, aad back into frock secure. the office, and thence on to the pier. Before I I accompany the deputy harbour-master to leave I wrest from the heads of the harbour the lantern to light the flashing apparatus. the admission that the gale is a hard one, and There I feel tiie Lighthouse tremble with the that the wind is blowing something like ninety shocks of the charging seas. I look through miles an hour. As I straggle homeward the the windows, too, towards the whitening hill— old house fronts are white to the eaves with the other panes are thick with snow and ice— snow, and the relentles* wind is wrenching out and there I beheld a spectacle such as few even the weakest bricks and slates. of the Scarborough residents have been privi- It is a wild, uncompromising night; it is the leged to witness. The gale is now at its sort of weather to make you raise your hat to height, and it is the top of the flood. The, the harbour-master and his staff, and the oil- panorama is appalling in its grandeur. Billow skinned figures who tug at wheel and tiller, charges upon billow, in one wild whirl, aad and keep their craft up in the race that runs with irresistible fury charges the massive round Castle Hill when the gale comes in from breakwater. There is the collision, the spout- the east or north. ing high in air of the torn sea, and the sweep- WALTER WOOD.

THE LIFE-BOAT.*

THE sky is black with the tempest wrack, And with mighty shocks on the hungry rocks And the wares roll mountains high, The good ship shiverg in twain. And the wild winds shriek o'er the head- But the Life-boat crew lands bleak, Are steady and true; And the startled sea-mews cry; Their boat they man, and save For the Storm Fiend rides the boiling foam, The crew of the ship And his deep and panting breath From the Storm-Fiend's grip, Is the roaring blast .that cracks the mast, And a lonely ocean grave! And brings to the sailor death! But the Life-boat crew Shall the Life-boat crew ask in vain of you Stand steady and true, For help for the craft they man— Beady to die to save To keep her trim 'gainst the Storm-Fiend A human life grim, From the tempest's strife, And the tempest's deadly plan? And a lonely ocean grave. They are humble and modest, ready and rough, The big guns boom through the stormy But at heart they are braVe and bold; gloom, And they give their lives for children and And the great ship heaves in sight; wives— Battered, storm-tossed, she is all but lost, You mast give, freely give, your gold! And a wreck she will be to-night. For the Life-boat crew And the Storm-Fiend laughs at her crew's Stand steady and true, despair, Beady, aye ready to save For their prayers hare seemed in vain; All who draw God's breath From the jaws of death, * From the Eastbourne Gazette. And a lonely ocean grave.'

NOTICE. The next number of lie LIFE-BOAT JOT;BKAL Witt te published on the 1st November. ROYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, •DTFOBTED SOLBLT BT VOLOHTABT COXTRIBCTIONB.

patron— J§« Mast ffiracuras fBajrarg the ©UKII. ( HIS BOTAL HlGBNKSS THE I'RINC! OF WALES, K.G. ITttt»1iattonS— 1 Hra EoT" HlGHlnl3s •"" PHDTCISI OF WALES. I H.K.H. THE DUKE o» SA*E COBUBG AND QOTHA, DOKE o» EDDCBDEGH, K.G. I CiFTAis Bis ROYAL HIQHNKSS THE DUKE OF TOBK, E.N., K.G. ROTAL HlGBKESS TH« PiUNCE OF WALES, K.G. fftiainnan —SI B EDWARD BIBKBECK, BART., V.P. Btputg-Btjairman— Colonel FiizRoT Curios, V.P. Sutrtarj— CHASMS DIBDIN, ESQ., F.K.G.S.

Tilegraphicsss Addressr ltt\V^KEE«l SJTelephone:K LONDON." XOHANQE.")

APPEAL. THB COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT have to state that daring the past year (1899) the KOTAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION expended £69,196 on its Life-boat Establishments. GKNEBAI. SCHXABY at THB WORK or THE INSTITOTION DURING 1899. Number of Lives rescued by Life-boats, in addition to 20 £ «. rf. Vessels saved by them and 67 persons landed from vessels in distress and lightships SOI Number of Lives »aved by Shore-boats, &c. 108 Amount of Rewards granted during the Year ... 10,219 8 5 Honorary Howards:—Silver Medals and Clasps ... 8 Binocular Glasses 8 Aneroid Barometers 5 Votes of Thanks on Vellum . . . 31 Certificates of Service .... 12 Total . . . . ^T 609 £10,219 8 6

The number of Lives saved either by the Life-boats of the Society, or by special exertions for which it has granted rewards since its formation, is 42,172. The rewards and recognitions granted by the Institution in the same period comprise 98 Gold Medals and Clasps, 1,190 Silver Medals and Clasps, 304 Binocular Glasses, 15 Telescopes, 27 Aneroid Barometers, 1665 Votes of Thanks, inscribed on vellum and framed, 125 Certificates of Service framed, and £206,800 in money, ts The Committee earnestly appeal to the British Public for Funds to enable them to maintain their 288 Life-boats now on the Coast and their Crews in the most perfect state of efficiency. This can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income. The Annual Subscriptions, Donations and Dividends are quite inadequate for the purpose. The Committee are confident that in their endeavour to provide the brave Life-boat men, who nobly hazard their lives in order that they may save others, with the best possible means for carrying on their great work, they will meet with the entire approval of the people of this the greatest maritime country in the world, and that their appeal will not be made in vain, so that the scope and efficiency of our great Life-saving Service, of which the Nation has always been so proud, may not have to be curtailed. Annual Subscription* and Donations are earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully received by the Secretary, CHARLES DIBDIK, Esq., at the Institntion, 14 JOHN STKEET, ADELFHI, London ; by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. COUTTB and Co., 59 Strand; and by all the other Bankers in the United Kingdom.—l»t August, 1900.