North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan 2015 – 2020

Produced by the North Yorkshire and Cleveland Coastal Forum Partnership North York Moors National Park Authority, North Yorkshire County Council, Redcar & Cleveland Borough Council, North Yorkshire and Cleveland Coastal Forum

BACKGROUND 2 National Objectives 4 Heritage Coast Management 4 Management Resources 7 Planning Policy Context 8 Relationship with other strategies and EU Directives 9 Coastal Economy 10

CONSERVATION OF THE COASTLINE – National Objective 1 11 Landscape 11 Seascapes 12 Natural Environment 12 Geological Conservation 14 Coastal Villages and the Built Environment 14 Historic Environment 15

PUBLIC ENJOYMENT AND RECREATION – National Objective 2 16 Access 17 Interpretation and Tourism 18 Visitor, Transport and Traffi c Issues 19

IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF COASTAL WATERS AND BEACHES – Objective 3 20 Litter 20 Bathing Water Quality 20 Beach Awards 21 Emergency Planning 21

COASTAL SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT – National Objective 4 22 Land Use 22 Fishing 22

OTHER FACTORS INFLUENCING COASTAL MANAGEMENT 24 Conclusion 27

APPENDICES AND MAPS 29 - 44 Background Fig 1.1 The purpose of this organisations that develop 1. North Northumberland Management Plan is to the strategies and plans for 2. Durham provide a framework for these areas. management of the North 3. North Yorkshire & Cleveland The concept of Heritage Yorkshire and Cleveland 4. Flamborough Head Coasts was fi rst proposed Heritage Coast over the 5. Spurn Point in 1970. Today many of next fi ve years. It replaces 6. North Norfolk the fi nest stretches of the Heritage Coast 7. Suffolk undeveloped outstanding Strategy 2008 – 2013 and 8. South Foreland natural coastlines have builds on achievements 9. Dover – Folkestone been defi ned as Heritage from that period. 10. Sussex Coast (see fi g. 1.1). The North 11. Tennyson The new plan is based on the Yorkshire and Cleveland 12. Hamstead original national objectives Heritage Coast was 13. Purbeck set out for Heritage Coasts defi ned in 1974 by the then 14. West Dorset around England and Wales. Countryside Commission 15. East Devon Natural England is the (now Natural England) with 16. South Devon national body that oversees small boundary changes 17. Rame Head work undertaken on Heritage negotiated in 1981 and 1996. 18. Gribbin Head – Polperro Coasts in England whilst 19. The Roseland the relevant local coastal 20. The Lizard authorities are the 21. Isles of Scilly 22. Pentwith 23. Godrevy – Portreath 24. St.Agnes 25. Trevose Head 26. Pentire Point – Widemouth 27. Hartland 28. Hartland (Devon) 29. Lundy 30. North Devon 31. Exmoor 32. St.Bees Head

Fig 1.1

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The North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast boundary extends for 55 kilometres or 34 miles between Saltburn by the Sea in Cleveland and Scalby Mills, near Scarborough (See fi g 1.2)

The original Countryside Commission policy statement on Heritage Coasts stated that: ‘All Heritage Coasts should have a management plan stating how Heritage Coast objectives are to be met, including the organisations involved, the targets to be adopted, the resources that will be required, and a timetable for implementation. The plan should complement the statutory plan policies and should also accord with, or be an identifiable part of, Fig 1.2 any National Park or Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) management plan that relates to the area. The original purpose of defi ning Heritage Coasts was not simply to identify them for protection but to focus on the management needs of the coasts and the relationship between different and sometimes confl icting issues’.

Robin Hood’s Bay and Ravenscar (Mike Kipling)

3 National Objectives for Heritage Coasts The original policy document public by improving and 4. To take account of the published in 1992 by the extending opportunities needs of agriculture, Countryside Commission for for recreational, forestry and fi shing and Heritage Coasts identifi ed educational, sporting of the economic needs the following objectives; and tourist activities of these small coastal that draw on and are communities, through 1. To conserve, protect consistent with, the promoting sustainable and enhance the conservation of their forms of social and natural beauty of these natural beauty and economic development, coasts, including their the protection of their which in themselves terrestrial, littoral and heritage features; conserve and enhance marine flora and fauna, the natural beauty and 3. To maintain and improve and their heritage heritage features. (where necessary) features of architectural, the environmental historical and health of inshore waters archaeological interest; affecting Heritage 2. To facilitate and enhance Coasts and their beaches their enjoyment, through appropriate understanding and works and management appreciation by the measures and

Management of the Heritage Coast The national policy on It has been the Heritage Coasts are Heritage Coasts also makes commitment and properly protected and clear recommendations enthusiasm of Heritage funds secured for their about the management of Coast Offi cers and management; the Heritage Coast. Although Rangers that has led to A management plan is there has been no recent successful management prepared for the area review of Heritage Coast measures. However, including the intertidal policy at a national level their brief has often strand and adjacent the original objectives are been too limited and the inshore waters and still very relevant in 2015. resources only suffi cient The original policy to cope with small scale The management statement noted that; management measures. plans implementation Many problems remain is overseen through Local authorities that require the full use of a countryside should take the prime all local authority powers management approach responsibility for and greater fi nancial towards practical work, Heritage Coast matters; resources; through liaison with all There is a need for interests involved in the Local authorities need Heritage Coasts to have management and use to ensure that each has an identity within a local of the Heritage Coast such a service and that authority; and through statutory the responsibilities are planning. For those Heritage Coasts clearly defi ned at all within National Parks, levels, including senior National Park Authorities ones so that the principle should look after tasks are carried out; Heritage Coast interests;

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Coordination of Heritage Coast management This new plan has been of the Tees Estuary) through EU recommendation on County Council, National produced by a coastal to Speeton (southern coastal Integrated Coastal Zone Trust, National Farmers partnership consisting of the boundary of the county of Management (ICZM), Union and the North North York Moors National North Yorkshire) and includes the Forum is tasked with East Inshore Fisheries Park Authority, North the entire length of the North overseeing many of the Conservation Authority Yorkshire County Council, Yorkshire and Cleveland coastal plans for North Redcar & Cleveland Borough Heritage Coast. The coastline Yorkshire and Cleveland. The terms of reference for Council and the North within the Forum area north The full Forum consists the North Yorkshire and Yorkshire and Cleveland and south of the Heritage of over 160 coastal Cleveland Coastal Forum Coastal Forum. These Coast contains some varied organisations and individuals are to provide: organisations will ensure land and seascapes that are who take an active interest ‘An integrated Forum for that the plan is implemented of considerable value. in coastal matters. the co-ordination of coastal and monitored as The Coastal Forum is a The Forum partners include management focusing on opportunities allow. non- statutory body and Scarborough Borough conservation, recreation, The North Yorkshire and has been in existence Council, Redcar & Cleveland coastal and fl ood defence, Cleveland Coastal Forum since 2002. Developed Borough Council, North natural processes, water covers the area between by the local authority York Moors National Park quality and marine issues, South Gare (southern bank partners in response to the Authority, North Yorkshire tourism and the economy’.

Coastal Forum members gather at the annual conference 2014 (J. Beech)

5 Heritage Coast boundary The boundaries of the but it is considered that the due to their undeveloped Heritage Coast are identifi ed extent of inshore waters up nature, the coastline between on site by stone boundary to 3 miles out to sea is an Holbeck and Filey could well markers. These are situated obvious marker for infl uential qualify for Heritage Coast on the cliff above the Ship management. status on certain grounds. Inn at Saltburn, Upgang A proposal from Scarborough The majority of the Heritage Chine at Whitby, Abbey Field Borough Council to include Coast lies within the at Whitby and Scalby Mills this area as Heritage Coast boundaries of the North near Scarborough. The entire was put to Natural England York Moors National Park, coastal frontage between in 2009. Unfortunately, at a nationally designated these stones is included that time Natural England landscape selected for its in the Heritage Coast, were not in a position to intrinsic merits as an area with a small area at Whitby defi ne or designate any of beautiful and unspoilt being excluded due to more protected landscapes country and magnifi cent Heritage Coast boundary its developed nature. or alter boundaries. coast with a wealth of marker at Upgang, However, this is still an The inland boundary is the architectural interest. The Whitby (J. Beech) action that the Heritage first major road from the National Park designation Coast Partnership would clifftop, or as is the case overlaps the Heritage Coast like to see implemented as at Robin Hood’s Bay the status for approximately 70% opportunities arise and as old railway line or Cinder of the coastal area and brings such should be included as Track. This gives a linear increased protection for the an option for this Plan. management unit of coastal landscape here. Similarly, a recent enquiry hinterland which provides a There have been a number as to a northern extension focus for projects to manage of attempts over the years to include Marske by the and enhance the coastal to extend the Heritage Sea has been raised by environment. Coast boundary to the south the local community. Eastwards, the open sea beyond Scarborough. Whilst boundary is not defi ned Heritage Coasts are defi ned

Saltburn coastline (Mike Nicholas)

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Resources for Heritage Coast Management Over the period of the last there are limited elements organisations taking a lead Management Plan (2008 that can be pursued via role for developing specifi c -2013) the Heritage Coast existing methods and projects and relevant Partnership has been through the work of each funding bids. successful in attracting partner organisation. Whilst it is recognised a wide range of external It is anticipated that there are that there are current funding for coastal work. likely to be external funding restrictions on public sector These have included partner opportunities to obtain funds, the opportunities contributions, LEADER funding for appropriate that external funds present funding, national agri delivery of the Plans key should be maximised environment delivery funds, objectives over the lifespan wherever possible. The coast National Park delivery grants of this Plan. It is however represents a signifi cant for land management as well recognised that these asset to the region and as contributions to specifi c are more likely to be on a an opportunity for local on the ground projects from project basis rather than for and national partner land managers. a dedicated Heritage Coast organisations to develop The 2015 -2020 Management Partnership Project function it as a hub for sensitive Plan is an aspirational in its own right. and appropriate economic document which identifi es activity. Any opportunity to In terms of future further key principles relating direct sustainable tourism to management projects, there to the coast that are in need the coast needs to be fully are a number of funding of implementation. Whilst explored, yet measures also opportunities which need to there are currently no core need to be in place to ensure be investigated and applied resources from existing local that the tranquillity of the for to deliver projects on the authority Heritage Coast rural coastal environment coast, but this will need to partners to provide co­ is not lost. be progressed via partner ordination for this plan,

Local Community Involvement It is an essential element results of the consultation Authority Coastal Parish of this Plan that the local are included in Appendix 1 Forum, Scarborough coastal communities have an and 2. Borough Council Area ownership of what happens Committee meetings and The Heritage Coast is a living on the Heritage Coast. It local parish meetings provide and working coast and as would be wrong to develop mechanisms to do this. a result local needs should management proposals that form an integral part of Farming and fi shing are not fully endorsed by the Plan. Communication industries are an integral part the coastal communities. should be two way between of the life and landscape of In recognition of this, the residents and coastal the coast. It is vital that good Partnership undertook a planners and opportunities relationships are maintained consultation during summer to do this currently exist. with these sectors as they 2014 to determine what The annual North Yorkshire have a direct infl uence on the residents felt were priority and Cleveland Coastal environment of the coastline. projects for inclusion in the Forum, the National Park new Plan. The process and

7 Planning Policy Context The National Planning Policy This contains a number Plan, and consulted on a Framework (NPPF) sets out of core and more detailed draft Local Plan in May the framework of planning development management 2014. This included specifi c policies at a national level policies which operate Park- mention of the Heritage and how these should be wide and therefore, whilst Coast designation in applied. Paragraph 114 of not bespoke coastal policies, relation to policy regarding the NPPF states, nevertheless provide the development affecting the relevant planning policy countryside. The policy ‘Local planning framework covering the states development in authorities should Heritage Coast area the countryside will be maintain the character within the National Park. restricted to those for which of the undeveloped coast, a countryside location is protecting and enhancing Within the Scarborough essential and will have its distinctive landscapes, local planning area, the 1999 to respond to particular particularly in areas defi ned Scarborough Borough Local characteristics of distinctive as Heritage Coast, and Plan includes a specifi c Redshank (Mike Nicholas) areas such as the Heritage improve public access to policy on ‘The Coastal Zone’, Coast in order to protect and and enjoyment of the coast.’ this states where possible enhance the Alongside the NPPF, is the ‘Development within distinctiveness or special Planning Practice Guidance the defi ned coastal zone features that contribute to (PPG). In relation to Heritage will be strictly limited to the landscape character. Coasts, the PPG emphasises that for which a coastal The Marine Management their role in conserving the location is essential and Organisation (MMO) is natural beauty of the most where it will enhance the responsible for preparing beautiful and undeveloped open, expansive character statutory marine plans in coastlines whilst improving of the coastal landscape. England. The UK Marine accessibility to visitors. Special attention will be Policy Statement (MPS) The guidance also points given to protecting the provides the policy to advice published by remote character, nature framework for the marine Natural England regarding conservation interest, planning system. Where Heritage Coasts. wildlife value and marine there is no marine plan in environment of the North place, the MPS sets the As the majority of the Yorkshire and Cleveland direction for decisions that Heritage Coast lies within and Flamborough Headland affect the marine areas. the National Park, the Heritage Coasts.’ key development plan is The North Yorkshire and the National Park Core Scarborough Borough Cleveland Heritage Coast Strategy and Development Council is in the process of lies within the North East Policies Document which replacing the 1999 Borough Inshore Marine Plan Area. was adopted in 2008. Local Plan with a new Local

Relationship with other strategies The Heritage Coast There are a number of key Management Plan, North Management Plan is one documents that impact on Yorkshire and York Local of a number of strategic the management of the Nature Partnership strategy, plans for the coastal zone. Heritage Coast and these Tees Valley Local Nature The Management Plan will are noted below: Partnership strategy, be one of the key reference Cleveland Way Management North York Moors National documents to consider Plan, Scarborough Borough Park Management Plan, when looking at strategic Council Local Plan, Redcar & York, North Yorkshire and development along the rural Cleveland Borough Council East Riding Local Enterprise coast, ensuring that the open Local Plan, Humber River Partnership Strategic rural land and seascapes Basin Management Plan. Economic Plan, Shoreline are not compromised.

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Relationships with European Union (EU) Directives European Union Directives stringent levels of water must also draw up their lay down certain end results cleanliness if the beaches are national maritime spatial that must be achieved to retain their status as EU plans by 2021. They are free in every Member State. bathing beaches. to tailor the content of the National authorities have plans and strategies to their 3. EU Water Framework to adapt their laws to meet specific economic, social and Directive (WFD) these goals, but are free to environmental priorities, decide how to do so. The purpose of the Directive and their national sectorial is to establish a framework policy objectives and legal There are a number of for the protection of inland traditions, but must respect European Union Directives surface waters (rivers and the minimum requirements that relate to management lakes), transitional waters of the Directive. of the Heritage Coast. (estuaries), coastal waters 1. EU Marine Strategy and groundwater. It will Framework Directive ensure that all aquatic (MSFD) ecosystems and, with regard to their water needs, The Marine Strategy terrestrial ecosystems and Framework Directive (MSFD) wetlands meet ‘good status’ requires Member States to by 2015. put in place the necessary management measures to 4. EU Directive on Marine achieve Good Environmental Spatial Planning (MSP) Status (GES) in their marine With rapidly increasing waters by 2020. Achieving demand for maritime GES involves protecting space for new activities, the marine environment, from renewable energy to preventing its deterioration aquaculture installations, and restoring it where better and coherent planning practical, whilst at the of maritime activities at sea same time providing for is needed. The Directive sets sustainable use of marine minimum requirements for resources. GES does not Watersports (Mike Nicholas) the drawing up of national require the achievement maritime spatial plans. of a pristine environmental These plans will identify all state across the whole of existing human activities, the UK’s seas. taking into account land- 2. EU Bathing Water sea interactions, and the Directive (BWD) most effective way of managing them. As many The EU Bathing Waters of the activities run across Directive requires Member national borders, the States to identify popular Directive will help Member bathing places in fresh and States co-operate better. coastal waters and monitor Once fi nally adopted by them for indicators of ministers, Member States microbiological pollution must transpose the Directive (and other substances) into their national legislation throughout the bathing by 2016 and nominate the season which runs from May competent authority in to September. From 2015 charge of the implementation onwards there will be more of MSP. Member States

9 it, but public sector fi nances The new key objective is; Coastal are currently under huge pressure. It is important ‘To establish a thriving business orientated rural Economy to recognise where public coastal enterprise area sector funding is still critical The Heritage Coast has been which is centred on the but also where opportunities an important destination for special qualities of the area for other sources of funding visitors for decades. It is well and which will ensure they such as from grant giving recognised that tourism is continue to be cared for bodies and investment from the biggest contributor so that future generations the private sector. One to the coastal economy. can enjoy them. Some particular relevant example of the natural assets are The rural coastline of North is the Coastal Communities Yorkshire and Cleveland fragile and this needs Fund (CCF). In 2014, £64 to be recognised by the offers a fantastic attraction million was offered to UK with its many secret coves, benefi ciaries leading to Whitby harbour (Mike Nicholas) coastal communities to bid an enhanced awareness of beautiful beaches and for through the BIG Lottery historic remains. Central the need to conserve them Fund’s Coastal Communities for their own sake and to this tourism economy is Fund. This followed £27 the provision of a quality through participation million on offer from the 2012 and enjoyment’. natural environment programme. These funding which is accessible, programmes were directed Any economic activity explained and cared for at job creation on the coast, that is encouraged should by local communities and addressing seasonality, be based on, and would organisations. It is therefore promoting business and directly relate to, what imperative to ensure that upgrading the coastal offer. makes the Heritage Coast the natural coastal asset a special place in terms of remains a quality destination. Whilst it is recognised remoteness and tranquillity. However, this cannot be that the core principles of It is important that large done without local people Heritage Coasts should not scale economic development and relevant organisations. be compromised, there is a within the rural coastal Available finance is a major real reason and opportunity zone is not compatible with infl uence in the provision to promote new ways of the intrinsic nature of the of the quality coastal selling the rural Heritage Heritage Coast and does offer and currently this is Coast and encouraging new not refl ect the original becoming more and more users to appreciate and care objectives of defi nition of restricted due to the recent for the environment. these undeveloped protected economic climate. This Plan adopts a new coastlines. However, opportunities do key objective relating to The following section sets exist and funding is available promoting the coastline out the key principles for the coast nationally via whilst recognising the within each of the four various mechanisms. Local thresholds of sustainability. original national objectives authority funding has been The proposed objective can for Heritage Coasts and essential in maintaining be applied across all four encapsulates the proposed or upgrading the coastal national principle work areas new objective within each environment and access to of Heritage Coast policy. work area.

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National Objective 1 CONSERVATION OF THE COASTLINE The fi rst Heritage Coast objective surrounds the need for conservation, protection and enhancement of the landscape, wildlife and cultural heritage features. The following section of the strategy sets out the existing issues and proposes the need for specifi c action to address these.

Scalby to Burniston have all trail, ‘spreading room’ has Key Principle 1 Landscape been upgraded in terms of also been included to take in landscape via improvements not just the cliff path but the Continue to support of the Coast to traditional boundaries, undercliff, beach and shore measures that will The coastal landscape entry into Environmental down to low water mark. conserve and enhance has always been one of Stewardship schemes This will ensure that a default the unique coastal the attractions of the or agreements through right of access is available landscape and retain area and maintaining National Park land from clifftop to low water. its open character and and enhancing it is still a management schemes. Part of the original proposal extensive uninterrupted priority. Local Planning for coastal access was to views. Priorities for action to Authority planning policies create a fi ve metre vegetated address landscape issues ensure that development strip inland of the coastal should continue to be Woodland cover along the is appropriate to the path, however this was developed utilising both coast is restricted mainly to landscape in which it sits. deemed not to be essential local and national funding the wooded gills or valleys The National Park Authority if undercliff and shore access mechanisms. The new that run down to the shore. promotes landscape is implemented. A major Countryside Stewardship Large tracts of Ancient enhancements by working benefi t of the Act ensures scheme is due to be Woodland at Mulgrave, with key stakeholders on that if any path or access is introduced in 2015 and this Roxby, Esk Valley, Kilton the coast such as farmers lost over the cliff through national scheme will be and Saltburn along with the and landowners. Uptake of coastal erosion the route can the first port of call for any smaller gills at Robin Hood’s grants for this work has been be automatically reinstated landscape enhancements Bay and Hayburn Wyke extremely successful and so that the trail remains in for the coast. More provide vital links to other schemes such as the previous perpetuity. This is known localised funding through woodlands below the eastern Upland Management Scheme as automatic rollback. National Park schemes will moorland plateau. Retaining and Landscape Intervention complement the national With such an attractive and expanding these linear Fund and more recently the schemes where necessary coastline it is easy to see linkages of woodland cover ongoing Habitat Connectivity and as future funding allows. why many developers want remains a priority for the Programme have supported to establish businesses here. Heritage Coast and ensuring work on the coast. One of the original landscape There are a number of holiday there are conservation conservation targets The 1995 Heritage Coast parks on the Heritage Coast management plans for for Heritage Coasts was strategy identifi ed four each offering accommodation these sites is important. the creation of a strip of landscape areas within and supporting coastal vegetation behind the beach the hinterland of the tourism and the associated or cliff edge that would coast as being in need economy. However, careful accommodate the cliff path. of attention and focused development management Where appropriate and improvements. A number of needs to be observed at all agreeable this strip should landscape assessments were times. The National Park be as wide as possible. The undertaken in these areas Authority has worked for a Marine and Coastal Access and subsequently a variety number of years with existing Act 2009 legislated for of enhancements have been holiday park operators in coastal access to be delivered completed within these reducing the visual and other around the English coastline zones. The areas at Staithes impacts of the holiday parks so that a continuous path is to Runswick, Kettleness on the landscape wherever created to form a national to Goldsborough, Maw possible. coastal trail. As part of the Wyke to Whitby Abbey and Hedge planting project on the coast to link corridor habitats (J. Beech)

11 any proposals for seascape its vegetated sea cliff Seascapes development. The recent communities. The coastal The Heritage Coast visual installation of 37 turbines inshore waters in the Bay are experience relies on just off the Redcar coastline classed as a Sensitive Marine undeveloped seascape is visible from a number of Area (SMA) because of the quality as well as landscape. prominent locations from the wealth of intertidal and The land / sea interface is northern section of Heritage subtidal marine life. one of the special qualities of Coast and marine planning The designation of the the area. The open seascapes has a major role to play in inshore waters between have been a traditional determining this type of Staithes and Sandsend as a attraction for artists and development in the future. Marine Conservation Zone authors alike for many years, (MCZ) has been proposed but there are pressures to and consultation is due develop within the seascape Natural to begin on this in 2015. in terms of offshore wind The MCZ, known as Runswick and gas installations. Environment Bay MCZ, was proposed Maintaining an uninterrupted The Heritage Coast includes by the regional Net Gain natural horizon adjacent habitats that are subject to stakeholder group in 2012 to protected landscapes national and international consisting of local fi shermen, should be a priority for designation. Approximately marine scientists, Inshore seascape policy and this half of the coastal slope and Fisheries Conservation theme will be evident in rocky shore is designated Authority and the National any forthcoming Marine as Site of Special Scientifi c Park Authority and it Plan written by the Marine Interest (SSSI) whilst Robin is seen as a major step Management Organisation Hood’s Bay and the slope forward in conserving (MMO). Protected coastlines and rocky shore immediately our marine environment. in National Parks, AONBs north and south form part and Heritage Coasts should of an EU Special Area of be taken into account in Conservation (SAC) for

Fencing and undercliff grazing project at Wrack Hills SSSI, Runswick Bay (J. Beech)

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The North York Moors National Park Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) contains a section on coastal habitat management and the Heritage Coast Partnership has previously been instrumental in delivering a number of improvement actions from it.

Key Principle 2 Develop projects to further the nature conservation of the coast by cross referencing to Pond creation project on the Heritage Coast (J. Beech) the Coastal Biodiversity There is potential to of sites along the coast Habitat Action Plans. increase the extent of semi that now have appropriate Develop the potential natural habitats on the management agreements for habitat connectivity Butterwort growing on the coast for both aesthetic on them to introduce small recognising the priority cliffs at Beast Cliff Special and wildlife conservation numbers of livestock to graze areas set out in the Area of Conservation (SAC) reasons. Creation of the undercliff and combat habitat modelling (J. Beech) scrub, scrub woodland, the encroaching vegetation exercise. low intensity pasture, on these important sea cliff rough grazing and coastal grassland areas. heath are all important The North York Moors Key Principle 3 habitats on the coast and National Park Authority has this is to be encouraged Continue to work with developed a habitat model where appropriate. A good landowners to offer and direction for works proportion of the coastal advice and assistance to further the principle of undercliff and rocky shore is with agri environment habitat connectivity across scheduled as Site of Special the National Park with a schemes to ensure Scientifi c Interest (SSSI) for signifi cant focus on the quality biodiversity its geological and botanical coastal area. Works to link sites and linkages interest. Coastal slopes such the fragmented habitats and along the coast. as Beast Cliff at Ravenscar restore wildlife corridors have are one of the least been carried out to enhance intensively managed habitats biodiversity and species in the North York Moors travel. Whilst a great deal National Park due to their has already been achieved on inaccessibility and as such the coast already there is a provide a quiet refuge for continuing need to promote wildlife. There are a number this principle further.

13 These improvements have Geological Coastal been made in partnership with the local community Conservation Villages and (usually the Parish Council) The Heritage Coast has a the Built and Highway Authority. reputation as being one of Townscape partnership the prime sites in the UK Environment schemes in both Staithes and to study Jurassic geology. Robin Hoods Bay have also Away from the resorts of William Smith, a father fi gure funded the consolidation of Scarborough, Whitby and of British Geology, studied derelict buildings and the Saltburn, the small traditional the Scarborough coastline for reinstatement of missing Ammonites found in the lias fi shing villages ooze with many years in the Victorian architectural features shales on the rocky shore charm and personality. period and founded much of thereby facilitating the (J. Beech) Skinningrove, Staithes, the current understanding creation of a number of new Sandsend, Runswick and of geological science as we businesses and adding to Robin Hood’s Bay typify the know it today. the attraction, vitality and Heritage Coast and are a economic sustainability of There are a number of major draw for tourism. The these villages. individuals and organisations traditional village fabric of that interpret the rocks and stone cottages with slate The villages are an important fossils that are found on the and pantile roofs, diminutive part of the economy of the beach here and geoscience outbuildings, cobbled coast too, with many return is a fascinating subject for streets and narrow yards and visits to the holiday cottages all age groups. alleyways all add to the rural throughout the year. Many seaside charm of the setting. of these villages are classed as Conservation Areas and Key Principle 4 Various alterations to the are subject to Article 4 streetscapes have been Support organisations directions which ensure that undertaken over the years, that promote sustainable any alterations to traditional some more sympathetic than care and management architectural features (such others. The National Park of the paleontological as doors, windows, stone Upgrading fl agstones on Bay Authority in conjunction walls and pantile roofs) are Bank Steps, Robin Hood’s Bay resource and ensure with English Heritage have brought under appropriate (J. Beech) the code of conduct been involved in the upgrade planning control. is followed regarding of public areas in many fossil collection . coastal villages utilising local materials that ‘fi t’ Key Principle 5 with the traditional fabric Continue to support and environment. Stone and lead on aspects of fl ags, sandstone setts, cobbles and stonework village conservation area have replaced concrete and improvement schemes cement wherever possible with local communities. and this has made a vast improvement to the quality of the built environment.

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Historic Environment The Heritage Coast is and provided an early scattered with many communication link to archaeological remains, prepare for attack. During telling the story of human the two world wars the infl uence on the landscape coastal clifftops were again here. The coastline has long used to scan the horizon been associated with for enemy raiders. industry with vast quantities Many of the features of Alum, Jet and Ironstone from these footprints being ‘won’ from the coastal in history still remain on rock between the 17th to the the coast and conserving, 19th centuries. The scars of recording and interpreting industry left behind on the them is a necessary and landscape are still visible important task. today on some of the coastal headlands such as Sandsend, Saltwick and Key Principle 6 Kettleness. Continue with Prior to this, the coast was archaeological an obvious lookout area for conservation projects overseas invaders and signal along the coast and stations were built during use the information to Roman occupation to warn of promote the importance raiding parties. The stations to the general public. linked to inland signallers Disused Alum Quarries at Boulby (J. Beech)

Breakwater built to protect the Black Nab Alum works c.1766 (J. Beech)

15 National Objective 2 PUBLIC ENJOYMENT AND RECREATION The Heritage Coast is unsurpassed in its beauty, variety and strength of offer. It is not, however, as well - known as it should be and more should be done to promote it and connect with its stunning hinterland – the steam railway, Castle Howard and attractions such as Flamingo Land. It deserves the backing and imagination appropriate to this. The Heritage Coast also plays an important role in offering informal recreation and sporting opportunities as well as being an educational resource. Tourism is the largest economic sector on the coast and this is largely based on the quality environment that people holiday in. Ensuring that tourism is sustainable is a major challenge especially when considered alongside a desire to attract more people to the area. A high quality experience demands a high quality environment. The key means of arrival at coastal destinations is by private car and this poses its own problems when space for parking is limited. Robin Hood’s Bay, Staithes and Runswick all have car parks that can accommodate peak weekend visitor numbers currently but alternatives need to found if the coast is to accommodate increased visitor numbers. This should include opportunities for people to visit sensitive sites without their car. Getting around on the local coast can be an inspirational experience. Walks on the beach or cliff top are invigorating and there are many locations where people can gain easy access to the coast, making it a popular pastime for all age groups.

Watersports (Chris J. Parker)

16 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Coastal Access will also it is accepted that there is a Key Principle 9 Access provide ‘spreading room’ need to upgrade the route to Seek funding for activity to enable access between a better standard, care should Visitor surveys show that which would establish clifftop path and low water be taken not to deplete the walking and hiking is the the practicality of re­ mark on the shore. natural environment in most popular activity on opening the route north the process. the Heritage Coast. This The famous ‘Coast to Coast’ from Whitby and seek highlights the need for a well walk from St. Bees Head to Originally the railtrack implementation. maintained and waymarked Robin Hood’s Bay begins continued through Whitby public rights of way network. and ends on separate and onwards north towards The Cleveland Way National Heritage Coasts and has been Middlesbrough. Whilst The ports and harbours along Trail provides a continuous acclaimed as the second most the track is still used the coast are used as starting cliff top route and is the iconic walk in the world. The commercially between points for more specialist main opportunity for public National Park Authority is Boulby and Middlesbrough by recreation such as scuba access on the coast on part of a partnership which Cleveland Potash, the route diving, fi shing, sea kayaking, foot. There is also a largely includes the Wainwright south of Boulby has become water ski- ing and yachting. unexplored system of paths Society that actively manages unusable and in some cases and bridleways that link the Many people visit the coast and promotes the route built over completely. The just to get to the beach clifftop to the main roads within our Heritage Coast as trackbed between Sandsend along the coast. The most and enjoy the scenery. This well as across the country. and Hinderwell is still provides an opportunity for popular ones lead from negotiable, however access is When managing the rights of employing innovative ways coastal settlements and it discouraged, partly due way along the Heritage Coast of raising awareness about is therefore important to to disused tunnels that take it is important to remember the conservation of the ensure these are maintained the track through the cliffs the sometimes differing coastal environment. A sand and enhanced wherever at Deepgrove and Kettleness. requirements. Visitors and art workshop promoted by possible. The development of the route residents use the network the Coastal Forum enabled north from Whitby through The Cleveland Way National in different ways whether participants to engage in the tunnels would create a Trail, with its coastal it be long distance walking, producing dolphin sand huge and exciting asset for section running between horse riding or cycling and sculptures whilst learning the coastal tourism industry. Saltburn and Filey provides many need easier access about marine mammals This would be a major a continuous path along the facilities, such as wheelchair and their environment. aspirational project befi tting cliff top for walkers and takes or pushchair friendly routes. in spectacular views along the grandeur and history the way. The old railway The Cinder Track represents of the Heritage Coast. trackbed, known locally an ideal opportunity as as the Cinder Track, runs an all user linear route. Key Principle 7 close to the coast between The trackbed is owned Continue to manage Scarborough and Whitby and by Scarborough Borough recreational routes such can be tackled by all users Council and has recently as the Cleveland Way and but is especially favoured been managed by Cinder Track to ensure by cyclists. Groundwork Trust. The they are easily accessible, Cinder Track has a ‘Friends promoted, monitored The Cleveland Way National of...’ group and has a detailed and maintained. Trail is subject to occasional plan for upgrading the route cliff slippages resulting in to Sustrans cycle route part of the Trail being lost status. The plan contains Environmental Sand Art created over the cliff. The 2009 Key Principle 8 detail of drainage proposals by Coastal Forum members 2013 Marine and Coastal Access Work with the relevant for the track as well as (J. Beech) Act will provide a mechanism interpretation and habitat authorities to enhance to reinstate the trail management ideas. The the condition of the automatically so that Groundwork Trust has led Cinder Track without it can continue to provide on the upgrading of some of degrading the natural the English coastal path – the surfacing and drainage environment in which a circular route around the and there are proposals to do it lies. perimeter of the coastline. more into the future. Whilst

17 the Heritage Coast that are Ideas are also developing Interpretation capitalising on this trend. around themed activity Geology walks, foreshore holidays for visitors. Weekly and Tourism scavenging and foraging, packages with daily organised Targeting interpretation whale watching and ‘What’s adventure activities such as at coastal locations is in the pot?’ attractions are surfi ng, canoeing, fi shing, particularly effective and beginning to become popular foraging and cycling could good value for money. For the with coastal visitors. prove popular and should seaside visitor, enjoyment is be explored further with no doubt the most important Key Principle 11 activity providers. factor, and enjoyment Develop a green tourism whilst learning about the guide focusing on Key Principle 12 coast and its habitats can Support businesses be particularly rewarding. promoting businesses that showcase the Raising awareness of the that have green Aboard a whale watching boat coast with people who credentials and promote coastal landscape and trip from Whitby (J. Beech) live in nearby major the coasts natural features leading to an conurbations can bring environment in a enhanced environmental multiple benefi ts and sustainable way. appreciation. should be pursued further. There are various other The Heritage Coast villages Key Principle 10 opportunities to expand on have long been associated Develop and promote a these activities and interests with tales of latter day series of coastal events using the natural coastline smuggling with their secret coves and narrow streets to raise awareness of the and its wildlife as the main attractor. Festivals are lending themselves to unique environment by emerging that encourage storage and movement of using all types of media longer stays at the coast contraband away from the and methods. and this benefi ts the coastal eyes of law enforcement. economy. Sustainable fi shing Guided tours take place Highlighting the importance events and lobster festivals in some of the villages and uniqueness of the coast are all opportunities to explaining the various to young people should be encourage discerning visitors aspects of coastal history developed wherever possible. to the coast and ensure and usage. Taking coastal messages that the benefi t of these This scenic area has a into schools within the visits is felt by the coastal reputation for environmental coastal catchment areas communities outside of the arts. Photography, sculptures, could be an important way traditional resort towns. to communicate the unique crafts, film and fine art have issues and opportunities that Festivals based around all been associated with the the coast provides, especially coastal interests such as coast and the location has around the concerns of seafood, art, music, fossils been used many times as a coastal litter and its effect on and woodcraft should also backdrop for fi lming various the environment and wildlife. be explored as a method of television programmes encouraging more visitors to over the years. Old Jack’s There is a refreshed appetite the coast. Timetabling these Boat (CBeebies), The Royal for learning based holidays around the traditionally (ITV), Heartbeat (ITV) and and visits to various quieter seasons (away from Countryfi le (BBC) and a destinations around the the main summer season) recent remake of the ‘Dad’s UK. The coastline can play a would assist the coastal Army’ fi lm have all featured major part in this approach village economies to fl ourish the land and seascapes of the and already there are various during these periods. Heritage Coast. fl edgling businesses along

18 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Visitor, Key Principle 13 Continue to manage Transport and vehicle access to remote coastal areas and leave Traffi c Issues specifi c access points as The coast also has a network ‘there to be discovered’. of public transport provision to get to the various access Casual vehicle access into points. Bus services operate the lower villages at Staithes from Scarborough, Whitby and Robin Hood’s Bay is an and Middlesbrough making ongoing issue. The narrow the coastline reasonably streets are not designed for accessible without the need large volumes of traffi c and for cars. Major train stations street design at the bank top at Scarborough, Whitby and in conjunction with signage Saltburn also bring passenger to car parks has, in most trains from north, south and cases been successful in west of the Heritage Coast. encouraging vehicles to park Due to the nature of the outside of the village centres. coast, the number of vehicle access points is Key Principle 14 limited. Whilst the villages Promote measures to at Skinningrove, Staithes, Walking on the Cleveland Way National Trail cliff Runswick, Sandsend, manage traffic fl ow and top path near Saltburn (M.Hodgson) Robin Hood’s Bay and numbers into the village Ravenscar all have car parks frontage areas of the to accommodate visitor Conservation Areas vehicles the more remote within the traditional access points are virtually fishing villages. self - managing. Hummersea, Port Mulgrave, Kettleness, Saltwick Bay, Boggle Hole, Hayburn Wyke, Crook Ness and Cloughton Salt Pans all have small scale parking for a handful of vehicles and it is generally considered that they should not be promoted or developed in any way and be ‘left to be discovered’.

Yorkshire Coastliner bus

19 National Objective 3 IMPROVING THE HEALTH OF COASTAL WATERS AND BEACHES

Whilst there may be little It is the statutory duty of Litter infl uence the Heritage Coast the Environment Agency to A clean, litter free coastal Management Plan can have undertake microbiological environment is a key over litter coming from the monitoring on a weekly basis contributor to the health sea, action can be taken on at these locations during and well- being of the casual littering by beach the bathing season (April – Heritage Coast. The effect users, illegal fl y-tipping and September). Monitoring is of marine litter from outside deliberate dumping. The important from both a health of the Heritage Coast area general message to all beach and wider environmental is diffi cult to control and users is to ‘Take your litter viewpoint. with you’ however the Local causes real concern amongst Most of the EU bathing Authorities do provide bins residents and visitors alike. beaches along the Heritage at a number of access points Many of the items washed Coast meet the current water to the shore and these on up on the beaches are from quality standards at the time the whole tend to be used natural sources, however a of writing. However there responsibly by visitors. signifi cant proportion are are fl uctuations in results at not. A major contributor Beach litter (J. Beech) several beaches including the Key Principle 16 is that of non- degradable Staithes harbour sampling polystyrene and plastics. Promote the ‘Take your point and this has led to a Coastal litter not only looks litter with you’ message focusing of joint activity unsightly, it collects in the at all Heritage Coast within the watercourse strandline on the beach beaches. catchment and in the village and can be dangerous to and harbour. animals, birds and humans. The National Park Authority Articles such as plastics, Bathing has been working in polypropylene nets, partnership with the containers, bottles and Water Quality Environment Agency, broken glass are the major Yorkshire Water, Scarborough offenders. Campaigns for 2015 sees a raising of the Borough Council and Natural residents to adopt local threshold for bathing water England to try to remedy beaches and clean them quality at all EU bathing the situation. The Staithes regularly are promoted beaches. The revised EU sub group of the Bathing Fencing livestock out of through the Marine Bathing Water Directive will Water Partnership have, watercourses prevents direct Conservation Society [MCS]. have a signifi cant impact since 2009, been active in pollution entering Staithes Beck on all EU bathing beaches providing advice, funding and (J. Beech) Key Principle 15 in terms of improving water guidance to prevent diffuse quality. Along the Heritage Work with agencies to and direct pollution entering Coast registered bathing the Staithes Beck catchment ensure all beaches are beaches are at Staithes, regularly cleared of man and this is now well known Runswick Bay, Sandsend within the area. Many of the made litter and continue and Robin Hood’s Bay. to support local groups agricultural tenants have participating in litter benefi ted from assistance recording and removal and have actively undertaken schemes. remedial work to combat the problem.

20 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Allied to the water quality around the appropriate are held at each of the offi ces Key Principle 17 issue is the proposal to beach management, of the partnership authorities Work with various designate an area adjacent information, education and as well as the National Park agencies to strive to to the shoreline as a Marine the guardianship by the local headquarters. achieve the improved Conservation Zone (MCZ) community. Both awards water quality standards 0between Staithes and [Premier Seaside from Tidy Key Principle 19 for EU bathing beaches Sandsend. This designation Britain group] and EU Blue Continue to be a partner along the coast. Mitigate will cover three of our EU Flag award require the in the response process any development bathing beaches and could bathing water quality to be of for coastal emergencies and use any available potentially impact on the EU Bathing Water Directive such as oil spills. funding outcome to message relayed about guideline standards. focus on environmental coastal water quality. improvements that enhance water quality Emergency along the coast. Key Principle 18 Support the proposal for Planning at Providing the public with a Marine Conservation information about bathing Zone for the area the Coast water quality is important, between Staithes A partnership of Maritime however the issue needs and Sandsend. and Coastguard Agency, to be handled sensitively. North Yorkshire County Providing information Council, Scarborough without understanding can Borough Council and be damaging to the tourism Beach Awards Environment Agency potential of a particular The Tidy Britain Group produced an emergency resort or village. However, Seaside Awards and the contingency plan in 2009 to in 2015 if EU bathing beaches EU Blue Flag award are the ensure a structured approach Lobster pot on the near shore are not regularly passing the highest standards that can be to any coastal emergency. at Staithes (J. Beech) new water quality standards, received for coastal beaches The plan focused on the notices will be displayed at in terms of facilities and timely co-ordinated reaction entry points to the beach to cleanliness. Such awards can to a potential major oil spill inform visitors and advising signifi cantly benefi t tourism off the coast, but could also them against swimming in to an area as well as raising guide activity following any the waters adjacent to awareness of standards and natural disaster along our the beaches. issues. The awards are based coastline. Copies of the plan

Cattersty beach, Skinningrove (J. Beech)

21 National Objective 4 TO TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE NEEDS OF AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY AND FISHERIES AND OF THE ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL NEEDS OF THE COASTAL COMMUNITIES, BY PROMOTING SUSTAINABLE FORMS OF SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

With its vast array of landscapes, habitats, historical, recreational and built environment assets, the coast has major potential to sell itself to the discerning visitor. Teasing out each opportunity and developing them to maximise their potential is a key task for coastal management over the lifetime of this Management Plan. Encouraging fl edgling businesses with ideas and opportunities to make the most of the natural coast, and which can contribute to its enhancement and promotion is a key driver to the success of this Plan. However, this needs to be done in conjunction with all parties that have an interest in this magnifi cent coastal environment.

Staithes, once the home Land Use Fishing to the largest herring fl eet Land use along the Heritage The fishing industry has on the East coast, has seen Coast determines some of historically been a major a decline in the number the special character of the business along the coast. of vessels, mainly due to landscape and, to a certain Many of the coastal villages the modernisation of the extent, the seascape. have built up around fi shing industry over the last 100 The clifftop fields along the communities and their years or so. Like many similar coastal strip are a mixture boats. Part of the attraction villages fi shing has been of permanent pasture and of the coastal landscape is overtaken by tourism as the arable with minimal forestry the traditional villages that primary financial income for intervention. Agricultural contribute to the unique the coast, yet some small practices have modelled coastal experience here. boats still exist and provide the landscape that we see Small fi shing businesses have for niche tourism with fi shing today with enclosures such struggled over recent times trips, wildlife watching as hedges, walls and fences and the rural fl eet is much and ‘catch and cook’ in various states of repair reduced. There are still a style activities. dominating the hinterland. number of small boats that The Marine Management The boulder clay soils that lie operate from these villages Organisation (MMO) is on the coastal plateau are the mainly for potting, long lining currently supporting the footprint to the agricultural and netting small catches. development of Fisheries use of the land, whilst the Trawlers take the major Local Action Groups (FLAGS) steep incised valleys or wykes catches further out to sea to incentivise joint working are generally wooded with and are still evident in the within the fi shing industry. a mixture of ancient semi bigger ports at Whitby It encourages members of natural trees. and Scarborough.

22 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

the fi shing community to Providing out of season develop and submit ideas festivals, integrated holiday for projects to diversify and opportunities, adventure enhance facilities at ports holidays, outdoor learning and harbours. This is seen experiences, seafood as a positive way forward to delicacies, catch & cook encourage sharing of ideas events, arts festivals, within the industry. historical tours and landscape appreciation events all have The EU funded LEADER the potential to sustainably initiative has been active promote the Heritage in the coastal area via its Coast for an increased, yet community driven structured managed, tourism infl ux. funding programmes over the last 12 years and has By promoting sustainable gained a good understanding forms of economic and of local community needs social development, which and aspirations. There is an conserve and enhance the opportunity to build on these natural beauty and heritage and bring new projects and features, the Heritage actions to fruition that help Coast partnership would be meet the current economic ensuring that the coastal Agriculture at coast focus that LEADER will have community needs are between 2015 and 2020. being met and managed responsibly. The approach Key Principle 20 recognises that these rural Develop a Fisheries villages have a unique offer Local Action Group and that more conventional (FLAG) to maximise resort experiences are met the opportunities to nearby in Scarborough draw down structural and Whitby. funds such as European Fisheries Fund. Key Principle 21 Support for small and The villages along the coast new businesses at coastal such as Robin Hood’s Bay, locations. Have a joined Staithes and Runswick are up approach of amenities honey pots for tourism and the natural ‘offer’. during the summer months but many visitors will only pay for car parking and light refreshment. There is great potential within the villages to increase the season and Fishing coble at Staithes (Volunteer Brian Nicholson) the length of stay for visitors and to expand the range of businesses that can be supported by tourism.

23 OTHER FACTORS INFLUENCING COASTAL MANAGEMENT IN NORTH YORKSHIRE AND CLEVELAND

Whilst the strategy has covered all of the objectives that relate to Heritage Coasts, there are a number of other factors that will infl uence the management of the coast into the future. Climate Change, Offshore mineral extraction, renewable energy and coastal and fl ood defences all have a major impact on the coastline. In relation to coastal and fl ood defences, Scarborough Borough Council and the Environment Agency are joint lead partners to the Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) process in North Yorkshire and Cleveland, as well as throughout the whole of coastal cell 1 from Berwick to Flamborough. The second generation SMP was written in 2009 and subsequent strategies for subcells where defences are necessary are being written. Plans for defences at Sandsend, Runswick and Robin Hood’s Bay have been identified and are currently under discussion.

Stormy conditions at Sandsend (J. Beech)

24 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Heritage Coast being too Key Principle 22 deep for wind turbines, Ensure representation there is a proposal for the on the Shoreline Dogger Bank zone in the Management Plan middle of the North Sea to group relating to issues become a site for a major on landscape and wind farm in 2020. The conservation. shallow depth [between 10 and 30m] of the Bank could provide a foothold for up Historically, oil and gas to 2,500 turbines, which exploration has taken place if given the permission off the Heritage Coast. would equate to an area Licences for such exploration the size of North Yorkshire are now issued through devoted to renewable the Marine Management energy production. Being Organisation (MMO). Such some 60 miles away at its exploration should not shortest point, the windfarm adversely affect Heritage would not be visible from Coast policies. the Heritage Coast and the With depleting underground connection onshore is likely natural resources, renewable to be on the East Yorkshire sources have been identifi ed coast to the south. The visual as an untapped mechanism impact of the windfarm to provide power and green development would therefore be negligible to the Heritage energy for the future. With Coastal defences protect the toe of the coastal Coast seascape. the inshore waters off the slope, Runswick Bay (J. Beech)

Windfarm under construction at Redcar, Teesside (J. Beech)

25 "', _

26 The revised Management Plan is a necessary and important strategic document that identifi es the various key objectives that will be the crucial driving force for policy for the Heritage Coast over the next five years.

It will be one of the referral documents and to develop and deliver projects for all coastal partners with regard to from the document whenever the management of the undeveloped opportunities arise. Where necessary coastline in the future. and when funding becomes available The Management Plan will remain the the partners should aspire to address property of all the relevant coastal the priorities to enable the Plan to partners . It will be the responsibility be driven forward with the necessary of the coastal partners to promote the resources to implement the key Management Plan wherever possible objectives and projects identified.

2727 28 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast ‘Caring for the Local Coastline’ Questionnaire produced in 2014 to gauge views and ideas regarding the future management of the Heritage Coast.

The inland and seaward boundaries for the The North Yorkshire and Cleveland plan have deliberately been removed to allow Heritage Coast Partnership group is free thought into the process but any ideas currently writing a new management plan. must have a coastal theme or relate to coastal activity. The developed areas at Scarborough, The plan will focus on work to enhance Whitby and Saltburn are not in the Heritage the rural coastline between Saltburn and Coast. Scarborough over the next 5 years. We’d love to know your thoughts, please put any ideas you have in the relevant boxes The partnership is currently seeking views We are keen to hear any views that you have WE WANT YOUR THOUGHTS! about the coastline and all of these comments on what people want to see in the plan. This considered for inclusion LOOKING AFTER THE COAST may vary from wide aspirations for the future that you submit will be in the plan for 2015 – 2020. A draft plan will to small enhancement projects. We are keen Conservation to collect as many thoughts as possible from be written based on national policy and interested individuals and organisations. your comments and views and real projects will be developed wherever possible from ENJOYING THE COAST We are following national policy objectives this approach. The plan will also contain information on suitable sources of funding set for Heritage Coasts by the Countryside Recreation Commission [now Natural England] and to make improvement schemes happen. these are as follows; The plan will be launched in early 2015 and Conservation of the natural and built • work will begin on developing projects and environment of the rural coast eation at the coast ideas to bring them to fruition soon after. • Public Enjoyment and recr • Improvements to beach and water quality For further details please contact; • Taking account of the needs of the coastal John Beech, Coastal Projects Officer, North Yorkshire and Cleveland communities BETTERBBETT BEACHES / CLEANER WATER [email protected] E We have included a fifth policy objective to 01439 770657 guide a new area of work that will be central to the plan based around the rural coastal WE WANT YOUR THOUGHTS! economy. LIVING ON THE COAST Please put any ideas How can we improve it? you have in the relevant boxes on the reverse

How can weCASHASASH boost FOR the economyTHE COAST at the coast? SHH FFO b ooo www.coastalforum.org.uk oosostst t

ANY OTHER THOUGHTS?

PLEASE PUT YOUR COMPLETED FORM IN THE BOX – MANY THANKS !

29 Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Conservation Embed the coastal management policies from the River Tyne to Flamborough Head Shoreline Natural Management Plan including preparing coastal communities for adaptation to coastal change England where appropriate. Support the conservation objectives for coastal SSSIs including maintaining coastal processes on geological SSSIs. Support the conservation objectives for proposed Marine Conservation Zones including Runswick Bay recommended MCZ. Identify and protect maritime cliff and slope BAP habitat from inappropriate coastal management (such as regrading/stabilisation works). Continued support and encouragement (through advice and agri-environment schemes) for land managers to appropriately manage important habitats, including the grazing of marginal cliff habitats, such as maritime and coastal slope BAP habitat. Furthermore, there are signifi cant areas of farmed, semi-improved grasslands adjacent to these areas (on the cliff tops) which are important in their own right, but also as a buffer to the seaward habitats. We wish to emphasise that plans to manage the coast should extend beyond the usual Whitby consideration of vertebrates and fl owering plants. The coast also has considerable wealth Naturalists of fungi (including lichens) invertebrates, marine algae, non-fl owering plants and other Club organisms. There has, for example, been work at Boulby showing that the rocks themselves are home to unique endolithic bacteria. Many more examples could be cited. There are some special habitats along the coast, with associated flora and fauna that need conservation. Almost all the coast has some value. With regard to fossils, it would be a good idea to have signposts at various localities, Doncaster warning of the dangers, over collecting and rules and regulations. This may make some Museums of the more ‘adventurous’ collectors aware. Protection of habitats and preservation of natural beauty should be paramount. Encourage further management of walls, hedgerows etc. and consider cliff edge management Redcar & in relation to landslips, and the effect on access to coastal footpaths. Opportunities for Cleveland public involvement in conservation activities as new tasks or through existing organisations, Borough possibly as a joint approach. Council We need to create a coast conservation model which ensures the sustained utilisation of marine and coastal resources through community involvement, management and research. I would like to know what provision, if any, has been made to survey and monitor seaweed Jane Pottas, biodiversity on the Heritage Coast. Seaweeds are important ecosystem service providers Whitby supplying shelter, food and habitat for a wide range of intertidal and inshore species. They Naturalists have been identifi ed as potential indicators of climate change and its effects, e.g. changes Club in sea surface temperatures and ocean acidifi cation. Algal maps do not give a true picture of algal biodiversity on this coast - not because algal biodiversity is low but mainly because few surveys have been carried out and even fewer voucher specimens prepared and lodged in local, regional or national centres. IF we don’t know what’s there now we can’t demonstrate change in the future. Focus on networks and the wider area as well as individual sites. Farming incentives for Groundwork wildfl owers, boundaries, ponds and other habitats. Trust Support designation of Runswick Bay proposed Marine Conservation Zone (pMCZ) by Yorkshire responding to the DEFRA consultation in January 2015. Wildlife Trust Make the case to DEFRA for the inclusion of further intertidal features within the Runswick Bay proposed Marine Conservation Zone (pMCZ). Make the case to DEFRA for the protection of black-legged kittiwakes within the Runswick Bay proposed Marine Conservation Zone (pMCZ). If the Runswick Bay proposed Marine Conservation Zone (pMCZ) is not designated in the second tranche carry out a programme of work to develop further evidence and public support for designation during a third tranche of consultation.

30 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Conservation Develop a programme of awareness-raising for of the importance of other areas of the coast Yorkshire outside the Runswick Bay area. Wildlife Trust There are some special habitats along the coast, with associated flora and fauna that need Wendy conserving. Almost all the coast has some value, but the sites below are of particular interest English, to me: Whitby Saltmarsh areas at Calla Beck and on the W side of the Esk from the marina up to Ruswarp. Naturalists (Rare plants including Sea Milkwort, Greater Sea Spurrey, Sea Aster and several rushes and club grasses) These areas are part of a SINC, and get occasional community tasks, such as litter picks. The fence encroaching on the saltmarsh at Calla Beck is of concern. Flood meadows at the Batts, Ruswarp (Rare plants including Mare’s tail, a Water Crowfoot and wintering birds.) This area is currently grazed. Grassland at Upgang Ravine (Rare plants including Bithynian Vetch, Pepper Saxifrage, Sawwort, Bee Orchids; butterfl ies including Dingy Skipper; birds such as Lesser Whitethroat.) Work task by Whitby Naturalists with Gateway improved condition this year, but this has to be done regularly to maintain the fl ora. Wildfl ower meadows at Hawsker and Ravenscar, currently well maintained by the caravan park and National Trust respectively. Skinningrove harbour area and coastal cliffs (Rare splash zone plants including Sea Milkwort, Sand Spurrey, Maritime Pearlwort, Sea Fern Grass; sand dune system with Marram and Lyme grass; cliff grassland flora including Pyramidal Orchids, Fragrant Orchids, Yellow wort, Greater Knapweed, Burnett rose; butterflies including Grayling.) Rocky foreshore at Ravenscar, with breeding seal colony. This appears to thrive, although suffers some disturbance from visitors. Sea cliffs at Saltwick, with breeding colony of Kittiwakes and Fulmars. Generally the quality of coastal grasslands seems to be degrading, with areas such as the slopes at Saltburn becoming quite coarse. Management of these areas is very diffi cult, as they are generally too steep for cutting, and grazing is impractical. Some parts of the CW have been fenced off to avoid encounters between walkers and stock, resulting in previously grazed areas becoming overgrown with scrub and coarser grasses. Coastal erosion is also a problem Sand Martin colonies between Whitby and Sandsend disappeared this year in a cliff collapse, and the necessary fl ood defence work at Raithwaite will affect the fl ora and fauna of the banks.

Recreation Offer more “seashore safari” events for groups and families to encourage an interest in Resident intertidal ecology and an appreciation of what’s around our coast. I would like to see lots of improvements for the beaches at Skinningrove - access is very poor Resident, to both beaches and impossible for the disabled. Cattersty is a lovely area but is not promoted Hummersea at all - it is ideal for families but has such a poor approach. There are no available public Cliffs, Loftus toilets, no signs for facilities in the village e.g. a renovated bar and B&B at the pub, a newly opened cafe/bar/bistro, a shop, fish and chips. There are no car park signs to guide visitors to the beach areas. Some signs need to be on the Cleveland Way to attract walkers into the village. Public footpaths need an overhaul and better signing, with distances given. There are very few seats, no picnic areas; all is most basic and not likely to attract visitors to spend time here. The coastline is magnificent but not promoted and lacking facilities. Many walkers are retired people and the steps up to the clifftop out of the village are diffi cult, especially on the descent, they need improvement. There is little information in Loftus for visitors as to what lies a mile away, i.e. the Cleveland Way, the cliffs, Alum, Hummersea bay, the beach with rockpools, ammonites etc. We do not want to be inundated with too many people but promotion would help local traders and give much needed jobs.

31 Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Recreation Bus services are very important for residents and visitors. The recent cut to the service to Wendy Ravenscar has been bad for both. However, the change to the No 4/5 service from Whitby, English, which now follows the coast to Saltburn has been good for both, and has been well used. Whitby Visitors require toilets, and the money saving measures that have forced closure of some Naturalists public toilets is regrettable. The remaining ones need to be kept open! The Cleveland Way club and Cinder Track are superb facilities, much appreciated by visitors and residents. Increase education about the issues facing the coast, and encourage people to feel NYMNPA responsible for it – perhaps local groups could sponsor a section each. Increase in frequency/ diversity of boat trips as a unique selling point. Ensuring tourism growth is sustainable and doesn’t impact negatively locally. Add destinations and distances to signage on public paths which lead to and from the coast path The ultimate goal should be to encourage visitors to explore routes/pathways which are new to them. I notice recreation and I think events on the coast are useful, perhaps a Coast Fest, there was one on the coast a Saltburn which included a giant puppet walk in the evening with lanterns, but the walks and children’s events are always booked up and educate. Again, in regards to fossils/palaeontology, the Yorkshire coast is a wonderful location and Doncaster one of the best (the best, in my opinion) for Early Jurassic fossils/fossil collecting. Potentially Museums something regarding the history of the locations etc., perhaps an annual lecture/talk or something? I know that the fossil festival is scheduled for this year and I hope that this will generate a lot of general, leisurely events. Should remain a haven for flora and fauna, a resource for artists, poets and people Resident who appreciate natural beauty. A haven from the hustle and bustle of everyday life. No inappropriate recreational facilities or attempts to attract more visitors. Promote Cleveland Way as part of the England Coast Path. Malcolm Rapidly react to coastal erosion through set back using Coastal Access Legislation. Hodgson, National Promote wider activities of which walking and cycling form a part – e.g. Geocaching, Trails Offi cer Bushcraft etc. Promote the coast as an excellent boost for Health and Wellbeing, in particular the mental health of the nation. Continue the drive towards better accessibility on Cleveland Way and circular routes off where possible. Improve and sign links between the Cleveland Way and the Cinder Track. Sign settlements/ businesses off the Cleveland Way – with businesses supplying the funding. Interpretation – encourage use of apps to improve connection of public with farming – e.g. developing Food Cloud app by Hull University. Support Walk & Talk days for local businesses to network on the trails. Promotion of local walk routes linking to coast and identifying activities at accessible coastal Redcar & areas which are not so well known e.g. Skinningrove. It has a fantastic beach and shoreline Cleveland with the Cleveland Ironstone Mining Museum within walking distance of the beachfront car Borough park. There is a heritage trail in the village and a signifi cant amount of artwork at various Council locations. Why does the coastline between Saltburn & Marske not be included in the Cleveland Way/ Marske Heritage coastal walks & all other things? Marske has its very own character & is just as resident pleasant as anywhere else. We never seem to be included & I have heard that the funding etc. is from South Gare to Filey Brigg. Invest in Cinder Track repair and maintenance, Support sustainable tourism and its providers, Groundwork e.g. Bike hire, surfi ng, nature. Trust Link marketing of various cycle routes together, join up network better physically and add new routes.

32 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Recreation Improve public awareness and understanding of the coastal environment through the Yorkshire development of signage, interpretation boards, guided walks and dedicated wildlife Wildlife Trust excursions. Work with the owners of local fi shing vessels to develop a programme of wildlife watching trips. Investigate the development of snorkel safaris. Desperate need for better access to both beaches at Skinningrove, especially Cattersty. Loftus No public toilets. Resident The path from the car park to the jetty at Skinningrove is very rough and not pushchair friendly. Getting down from just past the jetty onto the big beach is very diffi cult for families to get down with little ones. Such a gem on our coast.

Improvements More education about litter, e.g. Scarborough South Bay info board. More volunteer beach Resident clean events and support for these. to Beach and Water Quality

Offer continued support of advice, training and encouragement to farmers and land Natural managers to adopt changes in farming practice where there is a high confi dence that England agriculture is a major reason for the failing to achieve of water quality objectives. Respond to the Water Framework Directive once fi ndings and direction become clear. Management plan to consider fi nancial support of a small scale capital grant scheme to assist in farm infrastructure improvement where sustainable water quality gain will result. Link infrastructure improvements with volunteering or possibly a training initiative such as NYMNPA ‘Young Apprentice Scheme’. Promote agri-environment scheme (NELMS) as a mechanism to address water quality improvement. Find mechanism to facilitate a joined up approach of farm advice and support networks Redcar & such as Catchment Sensitive Farming, LEADER, Environment Agency, Rivers Trust, NYMNPA, Cleveland and Natural England to ensure support hubs are easily accessible to farmers and land Borough managers. Council Education is key, with support where possible to reduce pollutants and improve water quality. Need for regular cleaning of rubbish / seaweed at Skinningrove and permanent access to Cliffside beach. Events or volunteer activity days to promote better beaches and cleaner water. Work with businesses and agriculture to encourage them to think about how they can improve systems to contribute to improved quality. Show how what they do affects the ecosystem and eventually the beach and offer advice on how to change this, on grants etc. if costs are involved and develop programmes if expected to be a longer term project. We should all recognise that the natural resources available along our coast are providing important services for free and we should all do what we can to conserve and protect them. Fix the leaking YW waste water outfall at Jacksons Bay. Resident The Skelton Beck catchment can affect the bathing water quality at Saltburn-by-the-Sea. Environment Northumbrian Water Ltd is due to install sewerage improvement works by 2016 that will Agency achieve the statutory minimum ‘suffi cient’ bathing water quality. But other sources of bacterial quality are predicted to prevent Saltburn reaching ‘good’ quality in wetter years.

33 Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Coastal A range of land management and community actions can help reduce these other sources of Yorkshire bacterial contamination. Would you consider supporting such actions in your Heritage Coast Wildlife Trust Communities action plan? A similar situation may exist for other bathing waters adjacent to coastal streams in Yorkshire Expand the ‘Waves of Waste’ programme. Roll out the establishment of a network of settlement plates at local ports and harbours to monitor non- native and invasive non- native marine species. Expand the Fishing for Litter Scheme. Work with the Environment Agency on programmes to improve beach quality. The Club is anxious about the impact of climate change, for example through increased Whitby coastal erosion and through changes in distribution of species sensitive to temperature. Naturalists The management plan needs to be aware of the threat from invasives. Not just terrestrial Club animals and plants, but also fungi and marine organisms. The Club is also anxious about the impact of industrial developments, of which polyhalite, gas extraction and fracking are the most obvious. These are likely to result in the construction of additional housing, roads and other infrastructure, and increased human pressure on the coast. Management of the coast should also ensure that visitors have a positive experience, while being gently steered away from environmentally sensitive sites. Seek local advice/needs. Avoid attracting more traffi c. Provide toilets for walkers and responsible visitors. Encourage visitors to new locations and make use of facilities already available. This will reduce pressure on the hot spots and could encourage more tourism based activities and create new opportunities within these locations. The Yorkshire East/Sarah Woolven team is working on the possibility of developing a coastal Natural phone app which could highlight natural features, wildlife, and possibly link to commercial England interests along the coastal path. We should all be ambassadors who by their very actions, hopefully boost tourism and show Redcar & visitors from around the country or even further afield just what our region has to offer. Cleveland Borough Council Make better use of an upgraded Cinder Track as a commuter route and safe route to school Groundwork numerous schools along the route, but especially Northstead and Gladstone Road in Trust Scarborough. Bus services are very important for residents and visitors. The recent cut to the service to Resident Ravenscar has been bad for both. However, the change to the No 4/5 service from Whitby, which now follows the coast to Saltburn has been good for both, and has been well used. Visitors require toilets, and the money saving measures that have forced closure of some public toilets is regrettable. The remaining ones need to be kept open! The Cleveland Way and Cinder Track are superb facilities, much appreciated by visitors and residents.

34 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020

Heritage Coast Objective Response /Project Ideas Organisation Coastal Economy Develop a nature tourism programme. Yorkshire Develop a Fisheries Local Action Group to tap into European Marine Fisheries Fund. Wildlife Trust Link practical conservation work with training e.g. apprenticeships. Improve recreational Groundwork infrastructure to support tourism jobs, plus greater and more focused marketing. Trust The only point I want to make comes under the Cash for the Coast: I suggest the new Saltburn potash mine near Whitby will be vital for the local economy/jobs. Resident Our coastline environment is an important reason why people visit the area and our beaches Redcar & play a large part in this. We simply need to keep developing partnerships and sustaining Cleveland forward thinking management and promotion of our coastline and everything it has to offer. Borough Council Upgrade the quality of the Cinder Track to multi-user easy access trail. NYMNPA Support for small and new businesses at coastal locations. Joined up approach to promotion of amenities and natural offer. Use of social media to encourage visits. Unique attractions for tourists. Diversification of businesses. Marketing the brand of local produce. Nature Tourism business seems to be on the increase – tap into this. Again, consider utilising your rich paleontological history/resources. I am not stating ‘selling Doncaster fossils’ etc. but potentially building on this. Museums Unfortunately, resources for conservation and public services are reducing, and likely to Wendy continue to do so. A lot of work is already being done by volunteers, with NYMNP, NT, English, and other groups. There is also a wealth of wildlife knowledge and monitoring carried out Whitby by groups and individuals, including the YNU and local naturalists groups, Vice County Naturalists Recorders, BTO, Seawatch, Butterfl y Conservation and many more. Public bodies, Club like the NYMNP, SBC and NYCC need to co-ordinate and support this effort and expertise, and apply for any available funding to support projects that help protect and improve this wonderful coastline.

Other Thoughts Develop effective collaborative local partnerships to co-ordinate all of the above activities. Yorkshire YWT are keen to support wider collaboration in taking forward management plans and Wildlife Trust development proposals for future work within this area. Cinder Track is massively important but needs massive investment. Groundwork Trust More publicity concerning the Heritage Coast, perhaps some leafl ets in those racks you Burniston see in hotels etc. resident Also do you realise how difficult it is to fi nd the Coastal Forum website? Whilst reviewing the Scarborough Borough Council Local Plan, I realised that they had referred to the Heritage Coast, but had included no maps. I searched for details, went on the Natural England website, but found nothing. SBC responded to a query with a link to the Coastal Forum website, where I found the maps. Could you ask your web host to upgrade the links? Consider something similar to what the Charmouth Heritage Coast have done. Doncaster Museums

35  Scale 1:700,000 Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point Spurn Point North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea North Sea Heritage Coast Boundary County Boundary National Park Boundary Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head Flamborough Head 0DS5(*,21$//2&$7,21

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44 North Yorkshire and Cleveland Heritage Coast Management Plan | 2015 - 2020 Published by the North Yorkshire and Cleveland Coastal Forum Partnership North York Moors National Park Authority, North Yorkshire County Council, Redcar & Cleveland Borough Council, North Yorkshire and Cleveland Coastal Forum www.coastalforum.org.uk