Bibliography

7. BIBLIOGRAPHY

Abera, B., Negash, L. and Kumlehn, J., 2008. Reproductive biology in the medicinal plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(19): 3447-3454.

Ahmad, N., Fatima, N., Ahmad, I. and Anis, M., 2015. Effect of PGRs in adventitious root culture in vitro: Present Scenario and Future Prospects. Rendiconti Lincei, 26(3): 307-321.

Ahmed, A.B.A. and Kim, S.K., 2010. Chitin, Chitosan Derivatives Induce the Production of Secondary Metabolites and Plant Development through In Vitro and In Vivo Techniques. In Chitin, Chitosan, Oligosaccharides and Their Derivatives: Biological Activities and Applications, CRC Press. 589-603.

Ahsan, T., Amjad, N., Iqbal, A. and Javed, A., 2013. A Review: Tissue Culturing of Important Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Water Resources and Environmental Sciences 2(4): 76-79.

Akimpou, G., Rongmei, K. and Yadava, P.S., 2005. Traditional dye yielding plants of Manipur, North East India. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 4(1): 33-38.

Akula, R. and Ravishankar, G.A., 2011. Influence of abiotic stress signals on secondary metabolites in plants. Plant Signaling & Behavior, 6(11): 1720-1731.

Alpana, R., 1996. Effect of Plumbago zeylanica in hyperlipidaemic rabbits and its modification by vitamin E. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 28(3): 161.

Anonymous., 2001. Thin layer Chromatographic Atlas of Ayurvedic pharmacopoeial drugs. Part-I, Volume-1, first edn. Government of India, Ministry of Health and family welfare, Department of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH), New Delhi.

Apel, K. and Hirt, H., 2004. Reactive oxygen species: metabolism, oxidative stress, and signal transduction. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol., 55: 373-399.

Page | 107

Bibliography

Arunbala, Gautam B., Bala A., Kumar A., Dubey C., 2014. Review on Morphology, Chemical Constituents and Phytopharmacological Activities of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. International Journal for Pharmaceutical Research Scholars, 3(1): 392-401.

Ayers, A.R., Ebel, J., Valent, B. and Albersheim, P., 1976. Host-pathogen interactions X. Fractionation and biological activity of an elicitor isolated from the mycelial walls of Phytophthora megasperma var. sojae. Plant Physiology, 57(5): 760-765.

Aziz, A., Poinssot, B., Daire, X., Adrian, M., Bézier, A., Lambert, B., Joubert, J.M. and Pugin, A., 2003. Laminarin elicits defense responses in grapevine and induces protection against Botrytis cinerea and Plasmopara viticola. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions, 16(12): 1118-1128.

Babula, P., Adam, V., Kizek, R., Sladký, Z. and Havel, L., 2009. Naphthoquinones as allelochemical triggers of programmed cell death. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 65(2): 330-337.

Banik, B., Sarkar, P., Sultana, F., Saikia, M. and Dey, A., 2014. In-vitro antimicrobial screening with phytochemical study of Plumbago zeylanica L. collected from two regions of Eastern Himalayas - A comparative study. International Journal of Phytopharmacy, 4(5): 120-123.

Baskaran, M., Shanmugam, L. and Raman, V., 2015. Effect of Plumbago zeylanica administration on brain neurotransmitter level in Wistar albino rats. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 5(4): 53-57.

Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C., 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research, 14(1): 1-16.

Beg, A.Z. and Ahmad, I., 2000. Effect of Plumbago zeylanica extract and certain curing agents on multidrug resistant bacteria of clinical origin. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 16(8-9): 841-844.

Bopaiah, C.P. and Pradhan, N., 2001. Central nervous system stimulatory action from the root extract of Plumbago zeylanica in rats. Phytotherapy Research, 15(2): 153-156.

Page | 108

Bibliography

Borhade, P.S., Deshmukh, T.A., Patil, V.R. and Khandelwal, K.R., 2014. Pharmacognostic and Phytochemical Investigations of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. root. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2(6).

Bradford, K.J. and Nonogaki, H., 2007. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination. Annual plant reviews, Vol. 27. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, UK. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Çalişkan, M., 2012. Genetic diversity in plants. InTech. Janeza Trdine 9, Rijeka, Croatia.

Ceasar, S.A., Ayyanar, M. and Ignacimuthu, S., 2013. An improved micropropagation protocol for Plumbago zeylanica L. An important medicinal plant. Asian J. Biol. Sci, 6: 214-220.

Chandravanshi M, Sahu Y, Agrawal A and Raja W, 2014. In vitro Micropropagation of Important Commorcial Medicinal Plant: Plumbago zeylanica. Advances in Biological Research, 8(3): 139-142.

Chaplot, B.B., Dave, A.M. and Jasrai, Y.T., 2006. A valued medicinal plant - Chitrak (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.): Successful plant regeneration through various explants and field performance. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 16(2): 77-84.

Chaudhari, S.S. and Chaudhari, G.S., 2014. In vitro regeneration of Plumbago zeylanica Linn through embryo culture. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR- JPBS), 9(2): 7-10.

Chauhan, M., 2014. A Review on morphology, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of medicinal herb Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 3(2): 95-118.

Checker, R., Sharma, D., Sandur, S.K., Khanam, S. and Poduval, T.B., 2009. Anti- inflammatory effects of plumbagin are mediated by inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in lymphocytes. International Immunopharmacology, 9(7): 949-958.

Page | 109

Bibliography

Chen, Y. and Gao, S., 2013. Preliminary report of PGR’s influence to multiple shoots induction and plant regeneration on Plumbago auriculata. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4(5): 23-29.

Chen, Z.F., Tan, M.X., Liu, Y.C., Peng, Y., Wang, H.H., Liu, H.G. and Liang, H., 2011. Synthesis, characterization and preliminary cytotoxicity evaluation of five Lanthanide (III)–Plumbagin complexes. Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry, 105(3): 426-434.

Cingöz, G. and Karakaş, F.P., 2016. The effects of nutrient and macronutrient stress on certain secondary metabolite accumulations and redox regulation in callus cultures of Bellis perennis L. Turkish Journal of Biology, 40(6): 1328-1335.

Crouch, I.J., Finnie, J.F. and Staden, J.V., 1990. Studies on the isolation of plumbagin from in vitro and in vivo grown Drosera species. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 21(1): 79-82.

Culley, T.M., Wallace, L.E., Gengler-Nowak, K.M. and Crawford, D.J., 2002. A comparison of two methods of calculating GST, a genetic measure of population differentiation. American Journal of Botany, 89(3): 460-465.

Daayf, F., Bel-Rhlid, R. and Bélanger, R.R., 1997. Methyl Ester ofp-Coumaric Acid: A Phytoalexin-Like Compound from Long English Cucumber Leaves. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 23(6): 1517-1526.

Das, G. and Rout, G.R., 2002. Direct plant regeneration from leaf explants of Plumbago species. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 68(3): 311-314.

Datta, S., Sarangi, B. and Mishra, R.N., 2014. In vitro antioxidant activities of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. and Plumbago rosea Linn.: A comparative study. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res, 6(3): 531-535.

Delledonne, M., Xia, Y., Dixon, R.A. and Lamb, C., 1998. Nitric oxide functions as a signal in plant disease resistance. Nature, 394(6693): 585-588.

Page | 110

Bibliography

Deshpande, J., Labade, D., Shankar, K., Kata, N., Chaudhari, M., Wani, M. and Khetmalas, M., 2014. In vitro callus induction and estimation of plumbagin content from Plumbago auriculata Lam. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 52: 1122-1127.

Dewick, P.M., 2002. Medicinal natural products: a biosynthetic approach. John Wiley & Sons.

Dharmar, K. and De Britto, A.J., Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Plumbago zeylanica L., 2015. ScieXplore: International Journal of Research in Science, 2(1): 19-22.

Dietz, K.J., 2003. Redox control, redox signaling, and redox homeostasis in plant cells. International Review of Cytology, 228: 141-193.

Dohare, B., Jain, B., Khare, S. and Jain, K., 2015. Comparative estimation of plumbagin in aerial and root part of Plumbago zeylanica using UV-Visible spectrophotometric. UK Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biosciences, 3(3): 09-14.

Dornbos Jr. D. L. and Spencer, G. F., 1990. Natural products phytotoxicity - A bioassay suitable for small quantities of slightly water-soluble compounds. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 16(2): 339-352.

Doyle, J., 1991. DNA protocols for plants. In Molecular techniques in taxonomy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 283-293.

Durand, R. and Zenk, M.H., 1974. The homogentisate ring-cleavage pathway in the biosynthesis of acetate-derived naphthoquinones of the Droseraceae. Phytochemistry, 13(8): 1483-1492.

Edenharder, R. and Tang, X., 1997. Inhibition of the mutagenicity of 2-nitrofluorene, 3- nitrofluoranthene and 1-nitropyrene by flavonoids, coumarins, quinones and other phenolic compounds. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 35(3): 357-372.

Eldhose, B., Gunawan, M.I.A., Rahman, M., Latha, M.S. and Notario, V., 2014. Plumbagin reduces human colon cancer cell survival by inducing cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. International Journal of Oncology, 45(5): 1913-1920.

Page | 111

Bibliography

FAO, 2017. Soil Organic Carbon: the hidden potential. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome, Italy.

Farcio-Villarreal, M., Rojas-Idrogo, C., Moncada-Ascencio, N., Ferreira, D.T., Pinto, J.P. and Delgado-Paredes, G.E., 2015. In Vitro Tissue Culture, Chemical Composition and Biological Activity of Plumbago scandens L. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 6(1):199-209.

Farmer, E.E., Alméras, E. and Krishnamurthy, V., 2003. Jasmonates and related oxylipins in plant responses to pathogenesis and herbivory. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 6(4): 372-378.

Ferguson, J. J., Rathinasabapathi, B. and Gal, M., 2004. A method to screen weed- suppressing allelochemicals in Florida biomass. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc., 117: 231-233.

Ferrari, S., 2010. Biological elicitors of plant secondary metabolites: mode of action and use in the production of nutraceutics. In Bio-Farms for Nutraceuticals, Springer US. 152- 166.

Gadge, P.J. and Nathar, V.N., 2014. Detection and analysis of genetic variations in species of Plumbago L. using RAPD markers. Indian Journal of Biotechnology, 13: 140- 143.

Galal, A.M., Raman, V., Avula, B., Wang, Y.H., Rumalla, C.S., Weerasooriya, A.D. and Khan, I.A., 2013. Comparative study of three Plumbago L. species (Plumbaginaceae) by microscopy, UPLC-UV and HPTLC. Journal of natural medicines, 67(3): 554-561.

Ganesan, K. and Gani, S.B., 2013. Ethnomedical and pharmacological potentials of Plumbago zeylanica L. – A Review. American Journal of Phytomedicine and Clinical Therapeutic, 1(3): 313-337.

Ganesan, S., Suresh, N. and Kesaven, L., 2004. Ethnomedicinal survey of lower Palni hills of Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 3(3): 299-304.

Page | 112

Bibliography

Gangopadhyay, M., Dewanjee, S. and Bhattacharya, S., 2011. Enhanced plumbagin production in elicited Plumbago indica hairy root cultures. Journal of Bioscience and Bioengineering, 111(6): 706-710.

Gangopadhyay, M., Sircar, D., Mitra, A. and Bhattacharya, S., 2008. Hairy root culture of Plumbago indica as a potential source for plumbagin. Biologia Plantarum, 52(3): 533- 537.

Gaspar, T., Kevers, C., Penel, C., Greppin, H., Reid, D.M. and Thorpe, T.A., 1996. Plant hormones and plant growth regulators in plant tissue culture. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 32(4): 272-289.

Gbadamosi, I.T. and Egunyomi, A., 2010. Micropropagation of Plumbago zeylanica L. (Plumbaginaceae) in Ibadan, Southwestern, Nigeria. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 4(4): 293-297.

Getahun, Y.W., Bezabh, A.M., Unnithan, R. and Aregawi, D.T., 2014. Phytochemical screening, in vitro free radical scavenging activity of Plumbago zeylanica L. (“Aftuh”): Ethiopian traditional medicinal plant for "mich". World Journal of Pharmacy And Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(10): 136-154.

Gincy, M.S., Mohan, K. and Indu, S., 2014. Comparative phytochemical analysis of medicinal plants namely Tribulus terrestris, Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum gratissinum, Plumbago zeylanica. Eur. J. Biot. Bios, 2(5): 38-40.

Govindaraj, M., Vetriventhan, M. and Srinivasan, M., 2015. Importance of genetic diversity assessment in crop plants and its recent advances: An overview of its analytical perspectives. Genetics research international, Article ID 431487, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/431487.

Grusak, M.A., Broadley, M.R. and White, P.J., 2001. Plant Macro‐and Micronutrient Minerals. eLS, Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, Nature Publishing Group. (www.els.net).

Page | 113

Bibliography

Gundlach, H., Müller, M.J., Kutchan, T.M. and Zenk, M.H., 1992. Jasmonic acid is a signal transducer in elicitor-induced plant cell cultures. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 89(6): 2389-2393.

Han, L., Li, G.J., Yang, K.Y., Mao, G., Wang, R., Liu, Y. and Zhang, S., 2010. Mitogen‐ activated protein kinase 3 and 6 regulate Botrytis cinerea‐induced ethylene production in Arabidopsis. The Plant Journal, 64(1): 114-127.

Hanlon, E.A. and Bartos, J.M., 1993. Soil pH and electrical conductivity: a county extension soil laboratory manual. Circular (USA). no. 1081. ( http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu.)

Harborne, J. B. and Simmonds, N. W., 1964. Biochemistry of Phenolic Compounds, Academic Press, London. 101-102.

Hsieh, Y.J., Lin, L.C. and Tsai, T.H., 2005. Determination and identification of plumbagin from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica L. by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A, 1083(1): 141-145.

Hsieh, Y.J., Lin, L.C. and Tsai, T.H., 2006. Measurement and pharmacokinetic study of plumbagin in a conscious freely moving rat using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography B, 844(1): 1-5.

Ittiyavirah, S.P. and Ruby, R., 2014. Effect of hydro-alcoholic root extract of Plumbago zeylanica L. alone and its combination with aqueous leaf extract of Camellia sinensis on haloperidol induced parkinsonism in wistar rats. Annals of Neurosciences, 21(2): 47-50.

Jain, P., Jain, S., Pareek, A. and Sharma, S., 2013. A comprehensive study on the natural plant phenols: perception to current scenario. Bull Pharm Res, 3(2): 90-106.

Jain, S.K., 2004. Credibility of traditional knowledge – The criterion of multilocational and multiethnic use. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 3(2): 137-153.

Jaisi, A. and Panichayupakaranant, P., 2016. Increased production of plumbagin in Plumbago indica root cultures by biotic and abiotic elicitors. Biotechnology letters, 38(2): 351-355.

Page | 114

Bibliography

Jayaram, K. and Prasad, M. N.V., 2005. Rapidly in vitro multiplied Drosera as reliable source for plumbagin bioprospection. Current Science, 89(3): 447-448.

Johnston, A.E. ed., 2001. Potassium and chloride in crops and soils: The role of potassium chloride fertilizer in crop nutrition. International Potash Institute. Switzerland.

Jose, S.S., Joselin, J., Florence, A.R., Shynin Brintha, T.S. and Jeeva, S., 2014. Phytochemical constituents of the leaf of Plumbago zeylanica L. a common understorey species of homestead agroforests of Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu. Int J Pharm, 4(3): 162-165.

Kabera, J.N., Semana, E., Mussa, A.R. and He, X., 2014. Plant secondary metabolites: biosynthesis, classification, function and pharmacological properties. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2: 377-392.

Kamboj, V.P., 2000. Herbal medicine. Current Science - Bangalore, 78(1): 35-38.

Kanungo, S., Sahoo, S.L. and Sahu, R.K., 2012. Development of a simplified protocol for in vitro propagation of a valuable medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica Linn. through nodal explants found in Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6(13): 2627-2632.

Karimmojeni, H., Taab, A., Rashidi, B. and Bazrafshan, A.H., 2014. Dormancy breaking and seed germination of the annual weeds Thlaspi arvense, Descurainia sophia and Malcolmia africana (Brassicaceae). Journal of Plant Protection Research, 54(2): 179-187.

Karuppusamy, S., 2009. A review on trends in production of secondary metabolites from higher plants by in vitro tissue, organ and cell cultures. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 3(13): 1222-1239.

Kayser, O., Kiderlen, A.F., Laatsch, H. and Croft, S.L., 2000. In vitro leishmanicidal activity of monomeric and dimeric naphthoquinones. Acta Tropica, 77(3): 307-314.

Khajehzadeh, M.H., Zare-maivan, H., Ghanati, F. and Sharifi, M., 2014. Changes of enzymes activity and production of secondary metabolites of Artemisia aucheri in

Page | 115

Bibliography different altitudes and its relation to adaptation. Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 4(3): 57-66.

Kildisheva, O.A., Dumroese, R.K. and Davis, A.S., 2011. Overcoming dormancy and enhancing germination of Sphaeralcea munroana seeds. HortScience, 46(12): 1672- 1676.

Komaraiah, P., Amrutha, R.N., Kavi Kishor, P.B., and Ramakrishna, S.V., 2002. Elicitor enhanced production of plumbagin in suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea L. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 31(5): 634-639.

Komaraiah, P., Jogeswar, G., Ramakrishna, S.V. and Kavi Kishor, P.B., 2004. Acetylsalicylic acid and ammonium-induced somatic embryogenesis and enhanced plumbagin production in suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea L. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Plant, 40(2): 230-234.

Komaraiah, P., Ramakrishna, S.V., Reddanna, P. and Kishor, P.K., 2003. Enhanced production of plumbagin in immobilized cells of Plumbago rosea by elicitation and in situ adsorption. Journal of Biotechnology, 101(2): 181-187.

Koorem, K., Gazol, A., Öpik, M., Moora, M., Saks, Ü., Uibopuu, A., Sõber, V. and Zobel, M., 2014. Soil nutrient content influences the abundance of soil microbes but not plant biomass at the small-scale. PloS one, 9(3): p.e91998.

Krishnaswamy, M. and Purushothaman, K.K., 1980. Plumbagin: a study of its anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal properties. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 18(8): 876-877.

Kubo, I., Uchida, M. and Klocke, J.A., 1983. An insect ecdysis inhibitor from the African medicinal plant, Plumbago capensis (Plumbaginaceae); a naturally occurring chitin synthetase inhibitor. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry, 47(4): 911-913.

Kumar, R., Kumar, S. and Patra, A. and Jayalakshmi, S., 2009. Hepatoprotective activity of aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica Linn., against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity in rats. International Journal of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1(1): 171-175.

Page | 116

Bibliography

Kumar, R., Suman, N.R. and Dash, S.S., 2004. Traditional uses of plants by tribals of Amarakantak region, Madhya Pradesh. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 3(4):383-390.

Lattanzio, V., 2013. Phenolic compounds: Introduction. In Natural Products. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 1543-1580.

Lavate, R.A., Sathe, S.S. and Patil, S.B., 2015. Enumaritation of common medicinal plants useful to cure jaundice in and Around Jath City Maharashtra. International Journal of Chemical Science and Technology, 5(4): 409-412.

Levine, A., Tenhaken, R., Dixon, R. and Lamb, C., 1994. H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Cell, 79(4): 583-593.

Lin, L.C., Yang, L.L. and Chou, C.J., 2003. Cytotoxic naphthoquinones and plumbagic acid glucosides from Plumbago zeylanica. Phytochemistry, 62(4): 619-622.

Lu, J.J., Bao, J.L., Wu, G.S., Xu, W.S., Huang, M.Q., Chen, X.P. and Wang, Y.T., 2013. Quinones derived from plant secondary metabolites as anti-cancer agents. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly Current Medicinal Chemistry-Anti-Cancer Agents), 13(3): 456-463.

Mahindre P., 2002. Mruda va jal pruthahkaran paddhati, Soil analysis soil testing department, Commissionarate of Agriculture, Maharashtra State, Pune. Agriculture Information department Press, Pune - 5.

Majumder, S. and Rahman, M.M., 2016. In Vitro rapid clonal propagation of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. through direct organogenesis. International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research, 7(3): 877-887.

Mallavadhani, U.V., Sahu, G. and Muralidhar, J., 2002. Screening of Plumbago species for the bio-active marker plumbagin. Pharmaceutical biology, 40(7): 508-511.

Mallikadevi, T., Senthilkumar, P. and Paulsamy, S., 2008. In vitro regeneration of the medicinal plant, Plumbago zeylanica L. with reference to a unique population in

Page | 117

Bibliography

Maruthamalai, the western ghats, India. Plant Tissue Culture and Biotechnology, 18(2): 173-179.

Mandavkar Y. D. and Jalalpure, S.S., 2011. A comprehensive review on Plumbago zeylanica Linn. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 5(25): 2738-2747.

Martin, K.P., Sabovljevic, A. and Madassery, J., 2011. High-frequency transgenic plant regeneration and plumbagin production through methyl jasmonate elicitation from hairy roots of Plumbago indica L. Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology, 14(3): 205-212.

Mathew, N., Paily, K.P., Vanamail, P., Kalyanasundaram, M. and Balaraman, K., 2002. Macrofilaricidal activity of the plant Plumbago indica/rosea in vitro. Drug Development Research, 56(1): 33-39.

Medinski, T., 2007. Soil chemical and physical properties and their influence on the plant species richness of arid South-West Africa (Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: University of Stellenbosch).

Menon, J.S., Amma, S.P. and Nybe, E.V., 2001. Stimulation of seed germination in white flowered leadwort (Plumbago zeylanica L.). Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 39(2): 180- 181.

Meyer, J. J. M, Kooy, F. V. and Joubert, A., 2007. Identification of plumbagin epoxide as a germination inhibitory compound through a rapid bioassay on TLC. South African Journal of Botany, 73: 654 –656.

Miller, M.P., 1998. AMOVA-PREP 1.01: A program for the preparation of AMOVA input files from dominant-markers raw data. Computer software distributed by author, 22, 927-934.

Mueller, M.J., Brodschelm, W., Spannagl, E. and Zenk, M.H., 1993. Signaling in the elicitation process is mediated through the octadecanoid pathway leading to jasmonic acid. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 90(16): 7490-7494.

Page | 118

Bibliography

Muffler, K., Leipold, D., Scheller, M.C., Haas, C., Steingroewer, J., Bley, T., Neuhaus, H.E., Mirata, M.A., Schrader, J. and Ulber, R., 2011. Biotransformation of triterpenes. Process Biochemistry, 46(1): 1-15.

Mulabagal, V. and Tsay, H.S., 2004. Plant cell cultures-an alternative and efficient source for the production of biologically important secondary metabolites. International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, 2(1): 29-48.

Murali, K.S., Kavitha, A. and Harish, R.P., 2003. Spatial patterns of tree and shrub species diversity in Savanadurga State Forest, Karnataka. Current Science, 84(6): 808- 813.

Murashige, T. and Skoog, F., 1962. A revised medium for rapid growth and bio assays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiologia plantarum, 15(3): 473-497.

Nahálka, J., Blanárik, P., Gemeiner, P., Matúsǒvá, E. and Partlová, I., 1996. Production of plumbagin by cell suspension cultures of Drosophyllum lusitanicum Link. Journal of Biotechnology, 49(1-3): 153-161.

Naik, V.N., 1984. Taxonomy of angiosperms. Tata McGraw-Hill Education.

Namdeo, A.G., 2007. Plant cell elicitation for production of secondary metabolites: a review. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 1(1): 69-79.

Nattapong, C., Jala, A. and Taychasinpitak, T., 2013. Break dormancy by trimming immature Globba spp. International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 4(3): 171-178.

Nayak, P., Sharma, M., Behera, S.N., Thirunavoukkarasu, M. and Chand, P.K., 2015. High-performance liquid chromatographic quantification of plumbagin from transformed rhizoclones of Plumbago zeylanica L.: Inter-clonal variation in biomass growth and plumbagin production. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 175(3): 1745-1770.

Nef-Campa, C., Trouslot, M.F., Trouslet, P. and Chrestin, H., 1994. Long-term effect of a Pythium elicitor treatment on the growth and alkaloid production of Catharanthus roseus cell suspensions. Planta Medica, 60(2): 149-152.

Page | 119

Bibliography

Nile, S.H. and Khobragade, C.N., 2010. Antioxidant activity and flavonoid derivatives of Plumbago zeylanica. J Nat Prod, 3: 130-133.

Nile, S.H. and Park, S.W., 2014. Biologically Active Compounds from Plumbago zeylanica. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 50(5): 905-907.

Padhye, S., Dandawate, P., Yusufi, M., Ahmad, A. and Sarkar, F.H., 2012. Perspectives on medicinal properties of plumbagin and its analogs. Medicinal Research Reviews, 32(6): 1131-1158.

Paiva, S.R.D., Figueiredo, M.R., Aragão, T.V. and Kaplan, M.A.C., 2003. Antimicrobial activity in vitro of plumbagin isolated from Plumbago species. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 98(7): 959-961.

Paiva, S.R.D., Lima, L.A., Figueiredo, M.R. and Kaplan, M.A.C., 2004. Plumbagin quantification in roots of Plumbago scandens L. obtained by different extraction techniques. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 76(3): 499-504.

Pan, Z.W., Wang, H.Q. and Zhong, J.J., 2000. Scale-up study on suspension cultures of Taxus chinensis cells for production of taxane diterpene. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 27(9): 714-723.

Panda, S., Naik, D. and Kamble, A., 2015. Population structure and genetic diversity of the perennial medicinal shrub Plumbago. AoB Plants, 7: p.plv048. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plv048.

Panichayupakaranant, P. and Tewtrakul, S., 2002. Plumbagin production by root cultures of Plumbago rosea. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 5(3): 11-12.

Pant, M., Lal, A., Rana, S. and Rani, A., 2012. Plumbago zeylanica L.: A Mini Review. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Applications, 3(3): 399-405.

Parimala, R. and Sachdanandam, P., 1993. Effect of Plumbagin on some glucose metabolising enzymes studied in rats in experimental hepatoma. Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 125(1): 59-63.

Page | 120

Bibliography

Parinitha, M., Harish, G.U., Vivek, N.C., Mahesh, T. and Shivanna, M.B., 2004. Ethno- botanical wealth of Bhadra wild life sanctuary in Karnataka. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 3(1): 37-50.

Patel, D.K., 2015. Study on multiplication of Plumbago zeylanica L. using stem cutting in herbal garden. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 3(6): 89-92.

Patwardhan, B., Warude, D., Pushpangadan, P. and Bhatt, N., 2005. Ayurveda and traditional Chinese medicine: A comparative overview. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2(4): 465-473.

Pavarini, D.P., Pavarini, S.P., Niehues, M. and Lopes, N.P., 2012. Exogenous influences on plant secondary metabolite levels. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 176(1): 5- 16.

Pawar, R.K., Sharma, S., Singh, K.C. and Sharma, R.K., 2010. HPTLC method for the determination of Plumbagin from Plumbago zeylanica Linn. (root). Int J Pharm Pharm Sci, 2: 219-223.

Pereira, G., Arvindekar, A. and Laddha, K., 2015. Determination of plumbagin in plant extracts and polyherbal formulations by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Analytical Letters, 48(18): 2811-2818.

Pradeepa, V., Sathish-Narayanan, S., Kirubakaran, S.A. and Senthil-Nathan, S., 2014. Antimalarial efficacy of dynamic compound of plumbagin chemical constituent from Plumbago zeylanica Linn. (Plumbaginaceae) against the malarial vector Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitology Research, 113(8): 3105-3109.

Premakumari, P., Rathinam, K. and Santhakumari, G., 1977. Antifertility activity of plumbagin. The Indian Journal of Medical Research, 65(6): 829-838.

Putalun, W., Udomsin, O., Yusakul, G., Juengwatanatrakul, T., Sakamoto, S. and Tanaka, H., 2010. Enhanced plumbagin production from in vitro cultures of Drosera burmanii using elicitation. Biotechnology Letters, 32(5): 721-724.

Page | 121

Bibliography

Qian, W. and Ge, S., 2000. Analyses of population genetic structure by using dominant markers. Acta genetica Sinica, 28(3): 244-255.

Raj, G., Kurup, R., Hussain, A.A. and Baby, S., 2011. Distribution of naphthoquinones, plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone in chitin-induced and uninduced Nepenthes khasiana: molecular events in prey capture. Journal of Experimental Botany, 62(15): 5429-5436.

Rajakrishnan, R., Lekshmi, R., Benil, P.B., Thomas, J., AlFarhan, A.H., Rakesh, V. and Khalaf, S., 2017. Phytochemical evaluation of roots of Plumbago zeylanica L. and assessment of its potential as a nephroprotective agent. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 24: 760-766.

Ramanathan, A., Vidhasekaran, P. and Samiyappan, R., 2000. Induction of defense mechanisms in greengram leaves and suspension-cultured cells by Macrophomina phaseolina and its elicitors. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 107 (3): 245-257.

Rao, V.R. and Hodgkin, T., 2002. Genetic diversity and conservation and utilization of plant genetic resources. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 68(1):1-19.

Reynolds T., 1987. Comparative Effects of Alicyclic Compounds and Quinones on Inhibition of Lettuce Fruit Germination. Annals of Botany, 60: 215-223.

Ribéreau-Gayon, P., 1972. Plant phenolics. Oliver and Boyd., Edinburgh: 3: 254-255.

Rohlf, F.J., 2002. NTSYS-PC: Numerical Taxonomy System ver. 2.1.: Exeter Publishing Ltd. Setauket, NY.

Ronan E., 2007. Micro-elements in agriculture. Practical Hydroponics & Greenhouses, 39–48.

Rout, G.R. and Das, G., 2002. An assessment of genetic integrity of micropropagated plants of Plumbago zeylanica by RAPD markers. Biologia Plantarum, 45(1): 27-32.

Page | 122

Bibliography

Rout, G.R., Saxena, C., Samantaray, S. and Das, P., 1999. Rapid plant regeneration from callus cultures of Plumbago zeylanica. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 56(1): 47- 51.

Sahoo, S. and Debata, B.K., 1998. Micropropagation of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Journal of herbs, spices & medicinal plants, 5(4): 87-93.

Sakamoto, S., Putalun, W., Pongkitwitoon, B., Juengwatanatrakul, T., Shoyama, Y., Tanaka, H. and Morimoto, S., 2012. Modulation of plumbagin production in Plumbago zeylanica using a single-chain variable fragment antibody against plumbagin. Plant Cell Reports, 31(1): 103-110.

Sampaio, B.L., Edrada-Ebel, R. and Da Costa, F.B., 2016. Effect of the environment on the secondary metabolic profile of Tithonia diversifolia: a model for environmental metabolomics of plants. Scientific Reports, 6. 29265; doi: 10.1038/srep29265.

Santhakumari, G., Rathinam, K. and Seshadri, C., 1978. Anticoagulant activity of plumbagin. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 16(4): 485-487.

Saxena, C., Samantaray, S., Rout, G.R. and Das, P., 2000. Effect of auxins on in vitro rooting of Plumbago zeylanica: Peroxidase activity as a marker for root induction. Biologia Plantarum, 43(1): 121-124.

Segarra, G., Jáuregui, O., Casanova, E. and Trillas, I., 2006. Simultaneous quantitative LC–ESI-MS/MS analyses of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid in crude extracts of Cucumis sativus under biotic stress. Phytochemistry, 67(4): 395-401.

Seigler, D.S., 2012. Plant secondary metabolism. Springer Science & Business Media, New York.

Selvakumar, V., Anbudurai, P.R. and Balakumar, T., 2001. In vitro propagation of the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L. through nodal explants. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, 37(2): 280-284.

Sharma, R., 2004. Agro-techniques of medicinal plants. Daya Publishing House.

Page | 123

Bibliography

Sharma, S., Rathi, N., Kamal, B., Pundir, D., Kaur, B. and Arya, S., 2010. Conservation of biodiversity of highly important medicinal plants of India through tissue culture technology –A Review. Agriculture and Biology Journal of North America, 1(5): 827- 833.

Shin, K.S., Lee, S.K. and Cha, B.J., 2007. Antifungal activity of plumbagin purified from leaves of Nepenthes ventricosa maxima against phytopathogenic fungi. The Plant Pathology Journal, 23(2): 113-115.

Siddiqui, M.W. and Bansal, V., 2016. Plant Secondary Metabolites: Volume 3: Their Roles in Stress Ecophysiology. Apple Academic Press.

Silja, P.K., B. Dhanya, P. and Satheeshkumar, K., 2016. Plumbagin Enhancement by Inducing Roots in Cell Suspension of Plumbago rosea L. Journal of Herbs, Spices & Medicinal Plants, 22(2): 148-156.

Silja, P.K., Gisha, G.P. and Satheeshkumar, K., 2014. Enhanced plumbagin accumulation in embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea L. following elicitation. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 119(3): 469-477.

Silja, P.K., Gisha, G.P. and Satheeshkumar, K., 2014. Enhanced plumbagin accumulation in embryogenic cell suspension cultures of Plumbago rosea L. following elicitation. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, 119(3): 469-477.

Singh, U.V. and Udupa, N., 1997. Reduced toxicity and enhanced antitumor efficacy of betacyclodextrin plumbagin inclusion complex in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, 41: 171-175.

Sivanesan, I. and Jeong, B.R., 2009. Induction and establishment of adventitious and hairy root cultures of Plumbago zeylanica L. African Journal of Biotechnology, 8(20): 5294-5300.

Sivanesan, I., 2007. Shoot regeneration and somaclonal variation from leaf callus cultures of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Asian J. Plant Sci, 6: 83-86.

Page | 124

Bibliography

Somashekhar, B.S. and Manju, S., 2002. Propagation techniques of commercially important medicinal plants. Training manual, FRLHT, Bangalore. 49-50.

Srinivas, P., Gopinath, G., Banerji, A., Dinakar, A. and Srinivas, G., 2004. Plumbagin induces reactive oxygen species, which mediate apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells. Molecular Carcinogenesis, 40(4): 201-211.

Sunil, C., Duraipandiyan, V., Agastian, P. and Ignacimuthu, S., 2012. Antidiabetic effect of plumbagin isolated from Plumbago zeylanica L. root and its effect on GLUT4 translocation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(12): 4356-4363.

Swain, T., and Bate-Smith, E.C., 1962. Flavonoid compounds, In Comparative biochemistry, Vol. 3, M. Florkin and H. S. Mason, eds., Academic Press, New York, NY. 755-809.

Taiz, L. and Zeiger, E., 2002. Plant Physiology. 3rd Edition. Publisher Sinauer.

Tamogami, S., Rakwal, R. and Kodama, O., 1997. Phytoalexin production elicited by exogenously applied jasmonic acid in rice leaves (Oryza sativa L.) is under the control of cytokinins and ascorbic acid. FEBS Letters, 412(1): 61-64.

Tayade, S.K. and Patil, D.A., 2005. Hitherto untapped plantlore from Nandurbar district (Maharashtra). Natural Product Radiance, 4(1): 46-50.

Thanigavelan, V., Venkatachalam, K., Venkatachalam, L., Natarajan, S., Murugan, P.K. and Savarimuthu, J.A., 2014. Hydroalcoholic Extract of Plumbago zeylanica Linn root bark exhibit analgesic and anti-Inflammatory activities in experimental rat models. Amer J Pharm Health Res, 2(4): 209-221.

Thaweesak, J., Seiichi, S., Hiroyuki, T. and Waraporn, P., 2011. Elicitation effect on production of plumbagin in in vitro culture of Drosera indica L. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 5(19): 4949-4953.

Page | 125

Bibliography

Tilak, J.C., Devasagayam, T.P.A., Banerjee, M., Adhikari, S., Chintalwar, G.J. and Chattopadhyay, S., 2002. Differential antioxidant effects of plumbagin in rat tissues. BARC Newsletter, 117-129.

Tilwari, A., Chauhan, D., Sharma, R. and Singh, R.K., 2016. Assessment of genetic variations among medicinal plant Cassia tora from different geographic regions of Central India using RAPD markers. Med Aromat Plants (Los Angel), 5(276). doi: 10.4172/2167-0412.1000276

Tripathi, D.K., Singh, V.P., Chauhan, D.K., Prasad, S.M. and Dubey, N.K., 2014. Role of macronutrients in plant growth and acclimation: Recent advances and future prospective. In Improvement of Crops in the Era of Climatic Changes, Springer New York. 197-216.

Tyagi, R. and Menghani, E., 2014. A Review on Plumbago zeylanica: A Compelling Herb. Innovare Journal of Health Sciences, 2(1): 1-2.

Unnikrishnan, K.P., Raja, S.S. and Balach, I., 2008. A Reverse Phase HPLC-UV and HPTLC methods for determination of plumbagin in Plumbago indica and Plumbago zeylanica. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 70(6): 844. van der Vijver, L.M., 1972. Distribution of plumbagin in the Plumbaginaceae. Phytochemistry, 11(11): 3247-3248.

Vanisree, M., Lee, C.Y., Lo, S.F., Nalawade, S.M., Lin, C.Y. and Tsay, H.S., 2004. Studies on the production of some important secondary metabolites from medicinal plants by plant tissue cultures. Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin, 45(1): 1-22.

Verma, P.C., Singh, D., ur Rahman, L., Gupta, M.M. and Banerjee, S., 2002. In vitro- studies in Plumbago zeylanica: rapid micropropagation and establishment of higher plumbagin yielding hairy root cultures. Journal of Plant Physiology, 159(5): 547-552.

Verpoorte, R., 1998. Exploration of nature's chemodiversity: the role of secondary metabolites as leads in drug development. Drug Discovery Today, 3(5): 232-238.

Verpoorte, R., 2000. Secondary metabolism. In Metabolic engineering of plant secondary metabolism, Springer Netherlands. 1-29.

Page | 126

Bibliography

Vickers, C.E., Gershenzon, J., Lerdau, M.T. and Loreto, F., 2009. A unified mechanism of action for volatile isoprenoids in plant abiotic stress. Nature Chemical Biology, 5(5): 283-291.

Vijay, R., Shukla, J. and Saxena, R., 2016. Micropropagation of Plumbago zeylanica L.: An Important Medicinal Plant of India. Int. J. Pure App. Biosci, 4(6): 159-167.

Wang, Y.C. and Huang, T.L., 2005. High-performance liquid chromatography for quantification of plumbagin, an anti-Helicobacter pylori compound of Plumbago zeylanica L. Journal of Chromatography A, 1094(1): 99-104.

Wang, Y.C. and Huang, T.L., 2005a. Anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of Plumbago zeylanica L. FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 43(3): 407-412.

Wang, Y.C. and Huang, T.L., 2005b. High-performance liquid chromatography for quantification of plumbagin, an anti-Helicobacter pylori compound of Plumbago zeylanica L. Journal of Chromatography A, 1094(1): 99-104.

Wang, Z.R., 1996. Plant allozyme analysis. Beijing Science Press, Beijing. 82-85.

Washimkar, V.B. and Shende, M.B., 2016. Plant Tissue Culture in Herbal Medicinal Plants –Review. European Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Research, 3(11): 696- 699.

Wei, X., Gou, X., Yuan, T. and Russell, S.D., 2006. A highly efficient in vitro plant regeneration system and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in Plumbago zeylanica. Plant cell reports, 25(6): 513-521.

Wink, M., 2015. Modes of action of herbal medicines and plant secondary metabolites. Medicines, 2(3): 251-286.

Xu, T.P., Shen, H., Liu, L.X. and Shu, Y.Q., 2013. Plumbagin from Plumbago zeylanica L. induces apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines through NF-κB inactivation. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, 14(4): 2325-2331.

Page | 127

Bibliography

Yang, S.J., Chang, S.C., Wen, H.C., Chen, C.Y., Liao, J.F. and Chang, C.H., 2010. Plumbagin activates ERK1/2 and Akt via superoxide, Src and PI3-kinase in 3T3-L1 cells. European journal of pharmacology, 638(1): 21-28.

Yeh, F.C., Yang, R.C., Boyle, T.B.J., Ye, Z.H. and Mao, J.X., 1997. POPGENE: the user friendly software for population genetic analysis. Version 1.13. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton.

Zhang, Q.R., Mei, Z.N., Yang, G.Z. and Xiao, Y.X., 2007. Chemical constituents from aerial parts of Plumbago zeylanica Linn. Journal of Chinese medicinal materials, 30(5): 558-560.

Zhang, S.M. and Coultas, K.A., 2013. Identification of plumbagin and sanguinarine as effective chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of schistosomiasis. International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance, 3: 28-34.

Zhao, J., Zheng, S.H., Fujita, K. and Sakai, K., 2004. Jasmonate and ethylene signalling and their interaction are integral parts of the elicitor signalling pathway leading to β‐ thujaplicin biosynthesis in Cupressus lusitanica cell cultures. Journal of Experimental Botany, 55(399): 1003-1012.

Zheng, W., Miao, K., Zhang, Y., Pan, S., Zhang, M. and Jiang, H., 2009. Nitric oxide mediates the fungal-elicitor-enhanced biosynthesis of antioxidant polyphenols in submerged cultures of Inonotus obliquus. Microbiology, 155(10): 3440-3448.

Zidorn, C., 2010. Altitudinal variation of secondary metabolites in flowering heads of the Asteraceae: trends and causes. Phytochemistry Reviews, 9(2): 197-203. http://www.theplantlist.org http://www.catalogueoflife.org http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Chitrak.html www.mahaagri.gov.in (Department of Agriculture, Government of Maharashtra).

Page | 128

Research Publications

RESEARCH PUBLICATIONS

1. Kakade, P.S. and Malpathak, N.P., 2017. Micropropagation of Plumbago zeylanica L. using in vitro germinated seedling explants. International Journal of Life Sciences, 5(2).

Page | 108