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Phytoplankton/Microzooplankton Studies PICES Scientific Report No. 32 2006 Report of the 2005 Workshop on Oceanic Ecodynamics Comparison in the Subarctic Pacific May 23–24, 2005 Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, U.S.A. Edited by Charles B. Miller and Tsutomu Ikeda September 2006 Secretariat / Publisher North Pacific Marine Science Organization (PICES) P.O. Box 6000, Sidney, B.C., Canada. V8L 4B2 E-mail: [email protected] Home Page: http://www.pices.int List of Participants CANADA Cullen, Jay T. Kobari, Toru School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Aquatic Resource Science Division University of Victoria Faculty of Fisheries P.O. Box 3055 STN CSC Kagoshima University Victoria, BC 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima Canada V8W 3P6 Japan 890-0056 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Iron availability and iron cycling • Zooplankton development and growth Galbraith, Moira Kuma, Kenshi Institute of Ocean Sciences Graduate School of Fisheries Science Fisheries and Oceans Canada Hokkaido University P.O. Box 6000 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido Sidney, BC Japan 041-8611 Canada V8L 4B2 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Marine chemistry (Fe) • Mesozooplankton distribution pattern Ota, Takashi Mackas, David L. Department of Biotechnology Institute of Ocean Sciences Ishinomaki Senshu University Fisheries and Oceans Canada 1 Sinmito, Minamisakai, Ishinomaki P.O. Box 6000 Japan 986-8580 Sidney, BC E-mail: [email protected] Canada V8L 4B2 • Microzooplankton E-mail: [email protected] • Mesozooplankton distribution pattern Saitoh, Sei-ichi Graduate School of Fisheries Science Hokkaido University JAPAN 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido Furuya, Ken Japan 041-8611 Department of Aquatic Bioscience E-mail: [email protected] Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences • Satellite evaluation of phytoplankton and physics University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo Yamaguchi, Atsushi Japan 113-8657 Marine Biodiversity Laboratory E-mail: [email protected] Hokkaido University • Phytoplankton production and ecology 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido Japan 041-8611 Ikeda, Tsutomu E-mail: [email protected] Graduate School of Fisheries Science • Macro/mesozooplankton Hokkaido University 3-1-1 Minato-cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido Japan 041-8611 E-mail: [email protected] • Zooplankton production and respiration iii U.S.A. Batchelder, Harold P. Miller, Charles B. College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Oregon State University 104 COAS Administration Building 104 COAS Administration Building Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. 97331-5503 Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. 97331-5503 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Modeling, possibly observations • Mesozooplankton growth rates Chase, Zanna Selph, Karen College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Department of Oceanography Oregon State University University of Hawaii at Manoa 104 COAS Administration Building Honolulu, HI, U.S.A. 96822 Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. 97331-5503 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Phytoplankton biomass and systematics with • Aspects of iron chemistry flowcytometry and microscopy Cowles, Timothy J. Strom, Suzanne College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Shannon Point Marine Center Oregon State University Western Washington University 104 COAS Administration Building 1900 Shannon Point Road Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. 97331-5503 Anacortes, WA, U.S.A. 98221-4042 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Mixing physics and fine-scale profiling of • Microzooplankton variability and activity phytoplankton Strutton, Peter Dagg, Michael College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium Oregon State University 8124 Highway 56 104 COAS Administration Building Chauvin, LA, U.S.A. 70344 Corvallis, OR, U.S.A. 97331-5503 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] • Mesozooplankton feeding • Water column monitoring from station-marking floats Erdner, Deana Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Welschmeyer, Nicholas Woods Hole, MA, U.S.A. 02543 Moss Landing Marine Laboratories E-mail: [email protected] 8272 Moss Landing Road Moss Landing, CA, U.S.A. 95039 Current: Marine Science Institute E-mail: [email protected] The University of Texas at Austin • Phytoplankton growth rates (14C and 14C- 750 Channel View Drive dilution experiments) Port Aransas, TX, U.S.A. 78373-5015 E-mail: [email protected] • In situ indices of iron limitation in phytoplankton iv Table of Contents I. Scientific Issues Posed by OECOS..................................................................................................... 1 II. Participant Contributions to the OECOS Workshop...................................................................... 3 A. ASPECTS OF PHYTOPLANKTON ECOLOGY IN THE SUBARCTIC PACIFIC ........................................ 5 Microbial community compositions by Karen E. Selph................................................................ 5 Subarctic Pacific lower trophic interactions: Production-based grazing rates and grazing- corrected production rates by Nicholas Welschmeyer .............................................................. 8 Phytoplankton bloom dynamics and their physiological status in the western subarctic Pacific by Ken Furuya............................................................................................................ 16 Temporal and spatial variability of phytoplankton biomass and productivity in the northwestern Pacific by Sei-ichi Saitoh, Suguru Okamoto, Hiroki Takemura and Kosei Sasaoka......................................................................................................................... 19 The use of molecular indicators of phytoplankton iron limitation by Deana Erdner.................. 22 B. IRON CONCENTRATION AND CHEMICAL SPECIATION ................................................................. 25 Iron measurements during OECOS by Zanna Chase and Jay Cullen ......................................... 25 The measurement of iron, nutrients and other chemical components in the northwestern North Pacific Ocean by Kenshi Kuma.................................................................................... 28 C. PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY, FINE-SCALE DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS AND AUTONOMOUS DRIFTERS..................................................................................................................................... 31 The use of drifters in Lagrangian experiments: Positives, negatives and what can really be measured by Peter Strutton .................................................................................................... 31 The interaction between plankton distribution patterns and vertical and horizontal physical processes in the eastern subarctic North Pacific by Timothy J. Cowles ................................. 36 D. MICROZOOPLANKTON ................................................................................................................. 41 Microzooplankton processes in oceanic waters of the eastern subarctic Pacific: Project OECOS by Suzanne Strom......................................................................................... 41 Functional role of microzooplankton in the pelagic marine ecosystem during phytoplankton blooms in the western subarctic Pacific by Takashi Ota and Akiyoshi Shinada .................... 46 E. MESOZOOPLANKTON ................................................................................................................... 49 Vertical zonation of mesozooplankton, and its variability in response to food availability, density stratification, and turbulence by David L. Mackas and Moira Galbraith.................. 49 Marine ecosystem characteristics and seasonal abundance of dominant calanoid copepods in the Oyashio region by Atsushi Yamaguchi, Tsutomu Ikeda and Naonobu Shiga............... 51 OECOS: Proposed mesozooplankton research in the Oyashio region, western subarctic Pacific by Tsutomu Ikeda ....................................................................................................... 53 Some background on Neocalanus feeding by Michael Dagg...................................................... 57 Size and growth of interzonally migrating copepods by Charles B. Miller ................................ 62 Growth of large interzonal migrating copepods by Toru Kobari ................................................ 70 F. MODELING ................................................................................................................................... 73 Ecosystem and population dynamics modeling by Harold P. Batchelder .................................. 73 III. Reports from Workshop Breakout Groups .................................................................................... 77 A. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ASPECTS WITH EMPHASIS ON IRON AND IRON SPECIATION............. 77 B. PHYTOPLANKTON/MICROZOOPLANKTON STUDIES..................................................................... 81 C. MESOZOOPLANKTON STUDIES .................................................................................................... 85 v IV. Issues Arising During the Workshop ..............................................................................................89 A. PHYTOPLANKTON STOCK VARIATIONS IN HNLC SYSTEMS AND TROPHIC CASCADES IN THE NANO AND MICRO REGIMES ......................................................................................................
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