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Home , Actaea rubra, Anemonastrum, Anemone, Anemone cylindrica, Anemone drummondii, Anemone multifida

AN ILLUSTRATED KEY TO THE OF

Compiled and writen by Linda Kershaw & Lorna Allen

April 2019

© Linda J. Kershaw & Lorna Allen This key was compiled using informaton primarily from (1983), Douglas et. al. (1999) and the Flora Associaton (2008). follows VASCAN (Brouillet, 2015). The main references are listed at the end of the key. Please let us know if there are ways in which the key can be improved. The 2015 S-ranks of rare (S1; S1S2; S2; S2S3; SU, according to ACIMS, 2015) are noted in superscript (S1;S2;SU) afer the species names. For more details go to the ACIMS web site. Similarly, exotc species are followed by a superscript X, XX if noxious and XXX if prohibited noxious (X; XX; XXX) according to the Alberta Act (2016). RANUNCULACEAE Buttercup → lines of symmerty → Key to Genera 01a bilaterally symmetric; showy (easily mistaken for ); petals shorter than the sepals ...... 02 01b Flowers radially symmetric; sepals showy 1a 1b or not; petals present or not, shorterr than to longer than the sepals...... 03 02a Upper hooded/helmet-shaped; petals 2 → completely hidden by sepals...... delphiniifolium 02b Upper sepal spurred; petals 4, at least partly 2a 2b visible ...... 03a small, 1-seeded or utricles . 04 03b Fruits follicles, capsules, or berries with ≥2 ...... 15 04a Sepals spurred (→); all basal, linear 4a or narrowly lance-shaped; annual; fowers inconspicuous and single ...... 04b Sepals not spurred; leaves basal and on the → stem, or if all basal, then broader; mostly biennial/perennial; fowers conspicuous and/ or in showy clusters ...... 05 05a Leaves all borne on the stem in pairs [opposite]; ±woody , climbing on other plants via twining stalks ...... 05b Leaves alternate on the stem [rarely opposite] 6a; 9b or all basal; leaf-like, paired or whorled 5a involucral sometimes present; stems herbaceous, not twining and -like. . . . .06

7a 7b 06a Plants with ≥1 pairs/rings of leaf-like bracts below fowers; petals absent; showy, -like sepals usually present ...... 07 06b Plants without bracts; stem leaves, if present, alternate (rarely paired in sect. ); fowers various ...... 11 07a beaks/styles feathery, >20 mm long; sepals 2-4 cm long ...... 07b Achene beaks/styles not feathery, ≤6 mm long; sepals usually <2 cm long ...... 08 8a 8b 08a Leaves and involucral bracts simple, though sometimes deeply lobed; fowers single (rarely more) ...... Anemonastrumn (in part) 08b Basal leaves divided into leafets; bracts and fowers various ...... 09 09a Upper involucral bracts divided into leafets (compound)...... 09b Upper involucral bracts simple, though sometimes deeply lobed ...... 10 9a

3 10a Central leafet of basal leaves 3-6 cm long; achenes hairless, 5-9 mm long; fowers single or in . . sibiricum S1 ...... [Anemonastrum narcissifora; ...... Anemone narcissifora] 10b Central leafet of basal leaves 0.7-1.8 cm long; achenes densely woolly, 2-2.5 mm long; 10a 10b fowers single ...... Anemone parvifora 11a Petals absent; sepals small, inconspicuous, less showy than the pistils or ; fowers mostly either ♂ or ♀ on separate plants, in elongated, branched clusters (panicles, , corymbs); flaments thread-like or enlarged towards the tip ...... 11b Petals present (rarely absent in Ranunculus pedatifdus); fowers solitary or in fat-topped clusters (cymes); flaments thread-like ....12 12a Sepals usually 3; leaves kidney-shaped in outline, deeply cup into 3 lobes; achenes tipped with a hooked/curved beak; plants of 11a boggy woodlands ..Coptidium lapponicum ...... [] 12a 12b Sepals usually 5; achenes and habitat not as above ...... 13 13a Leaves heart- to kidney-shaped, edged with coarse, blunt teeth; achenes strongly ribbed, 50-200 in elongated heads ...... cymbalaria 13a ...... [] 13b Leaves and achenes not at above ...... 14 14a Achenes densely woolly, tipped with a straight, persistent, dagger-like beak 3.5-4.5 mm long; 14a plants annual, exotic ...... X 14b ...... testiculata ...... [Ranunculus testiculatus] 14b Achenes not densely woolly, the beaks various; plants perennial, mostly native ...... Ranunculus 15a Petals prominent and spurred; sepals petal- like, showy ...... 15b Petals (if present) inconspicuous and fat; sepals often showy, colored and petal-like . 16

15a 16a Flowers 12-50, in elongated clusters (racemes); petals and sepals similar, whitish, 2-4.5 mm long, soon shed; pistils 1; a shiny red or white ...... rubra 16b Flowers single or 2-10 in fat-topped, leafy clusters (cymes); sepals showy and petal-like; petals absent or inconspicuous; pistils 2; fruit a a capsule, splitting along 1 side () .17

16a

4 17a Leaves simple, notched (usually deeply) at the base, with smooth, scalloped or toothed; edges; petals absent; sepals showy and petal- like ...... 17b Leaves divided into leafets or cut to the base; 17a petals present but usually inconspicuous. .18 18a Leaves 1-2 times divided in 3s, evergreen, leathery, all basal; bright yellow ...... trifolia 18b Leaves deeply divided into 5-7 palmate segments, not leathery or evergreen; stem and basal leaves present; no rhizomes ...... albiforus

18b 18a ANEMONASTRUM Anemone 01a Flowers yellow; styles/beaks 4-6 mm long, curved back/down and hooked at the tip; ------plants delicate, 5-15(30) cm tall, from slender creeping rhizomes, with 1 basal leaf...... Anemonastrum richardsonii ...... [Anemone richardsonii] 01b Flowers white or bluish; styles not as above; plants more robust, (10)20-60(80) tall, with persistent, thickened bases and (1)3-5(10) basal leaves ...... 02 02a Basal leaves divided into leafets; achenes 1a 2a hairless, (5)6-9 mm long, broadly winged, with a 0.8-1.5 mm beak; involucral bracts in 1 ring, (1-)1.5-5(-5.5) cm long, smallest lobes 3-10 mm wide; rare arctic species ...... Anemonastrum sibiricum S1 ...... [Anemonastrum narcissifora; ...... Anemone narcissifora] 02b Basal leaves simple, though often deeply lobed; achenes with fne hairs (often sparse), 3-6 mm long, wingless, with a 2-6 mm beak; 2b involucral bracts in (1-)2 rings, 3-10 cm long, smallest lobes (8-)10-15(-20) mm wide; throughout AB, common ...... Anemonastrum canadense ...... [Anemone canadensis]

5 ANEMONE Anemone 01a Stem leaves/involucral bracts stalked. . . . .02 1a 1b 01b Stem leaves/ involucral bracts stalkless ...04 02a Plants 10-20 cm tall, often forming colonies from spreading rootstocks (rhizomes); achenes with coarse, stiff hairs; main leafets usually once lobed (not repeatedly divided);wcAB, 2a rare ...... Anemone quinquefolia S2 02b Plants 20-80 cm tall, single or clumped, without spreading rootstocks (rhizomes); achenes woolly; main leafets divided 2-3 times ....03 3a 03a stalks with 2 whorls of leaf-like bracts, the frst/main whorl with 3(-5) bracts; heads of achenes mostly round to slightly elongated; achene beaks 1-1.5 mm long ...... [Anemone riparia] 03b Flower stalks without bracts, the stem with a whorl of 3-7(9) leaf-like bracts; heads of achenes cylindrical; achene beak 0.5-1 mm 4a long ...... 3b 04a Leaves divided into 3 wedge-shaped, lobed leafets, 1-3[4] cm wide . Anemone parvifora 04b Leaves ≥2X divided into linear to lance-egg- shaped segments, mostly >3 cm wide ....05

5a 05a Plants 10-20(30) cm tall; fowers single, white, often blue tinged; stem leaves/bracts in 1 ring; 5b stamens usually >80 . ...... [Anemone lithophila] 05b Plants (10)20-50(70) cm tall; fowers 1-several, cream to yellowish or pink, often tinged red or purple; stem leaves/bracts in 1-2 rings; stamens usually <80 ... Anemone multifda

6 AQUILEGIA Columbine 01a Flowers blue or purple, often with whitish petals ...... 02 01b Flowers yellow or red ...... 03 02a Plants mostly 5-20 cm tall, with basal leaves only; fowers usually solitary, with straight, 8-15 2b 2a mm long spurs; rare alpine species; Waterton area...... Aquilegia jonesii S1 02b Plants 20-80 cm tall, with basal and stem leaves; fowers several, with hooked, 3-10 mm long spurs; widespread . 03a Flowers yellow (sometimes pink tinged); petals with cream-colored, 7-10 mm long blades and yellow, incurved, 10-18 mm spurs; throughout the AB cordillera ..... Aquilegia favescens 03b Flowers red; petals with yellow, 0-6 mm blades and red, straight, 13-21 mm spurs; n 3b cordillera ...... 3a ------CALTHA Marshmarigold 01a Stems erect, with 0-1 leaves; sepals oblong, 1a white or bluish; wet alpine meadows in the northern cordillera ...... 01b Stems erect to sprawling or foating, with several leaves; sepals egg-shaped and widest towards the tip, white, pinkish or yellow; marshy lowland sites, widespread ...... 02 2a 02a Stems ascending or sprawling, hollow; fowers yellow, 1.5-4 cm wide; carpels 6-12, 8-15 mm long; seeds 1.5-2.5 mm; leaves 2-12(19) cm 2b wide ...... 02b Stems foating or creeping, slender; fowers white or pinkish, ≈1 cm wide; carpels 20-55, 3.2-6.6 mm long; seeds 0.5-0.8 mm; leaves 1-2.5 cm wide ...... ------

1a CLEMATIS Clematis 01a Flowers white, male or female (dioecious), borne in large, branched clusters; sAB ...... 01b Flowers yellow, blue or purple, with both male and female parts, solitary ...... 02

02a Flowers blue or purple; leaves with 3 leafets; native ...... 2b 02b Flowers yellow; leaves with 5-7 leafets; exotic weed ...... XX 2a

7 DELPHINIUM Larkspur 01a Stems hollow, 60-200 cm tall; fowers 10-90, in large clusters usually >15 cm long; leaves similar throughout the , largest near mid- stem ...... 1a 01b Stems ±solid, 10-50 cm tall; fowers 1-15, in clusters seldom > 15 cm long; leaves 2a dissimilar, the lower leaves with fewer, broader lobes than upper leaves ...... 02 02a Lower petal blade deep blue, notched 2-5 mm (1/4-1/2 of its length), elevated exposing the stamens; main ±succulent and corm-like, single or branched <1 cm from the stem base ...... Delphinium nuttallianum 02b Lower petal blade deep blue to pale blue or white, notched <2 mm (<1/4 of its length), covering the stamens; main roots dry, braided 2b and strong, with the frst major branches >1 cm from the stem base . ------

MYOSURUS Mousetail 01a Beak of achene 0.1-0.4 mm long, 0.1-0.3 x the body length and parallel to the outer side; mature spikes (15)20-50(60) mm long; leaves 2-8(10) cm long; sepals 3(rarely 5)-veined ...... 1b 01b Beak of achene 0.6-1.8 mm long, 0.4-1.1 x the body length, diverging from the outer side; mature spikes (5)10-20(25) mm long; leaves 0.9-4 cm long; sepals usually 1-veined...... S2 [Myosurus aristatus]

1a PULSATILLA Pasqueflower 01a Flowers/sepals blue or purple (rarely white); ------stem leaves/involucral bracts simple, deeply cut into 4-6 lobes/segments, the smallest segments 1-2(3) mm wide and relatively long ...... .... [; Anemone patens] 01b Flowers/sepals white, sometimes purple- tinged; stem leaves/bracts divided into leafets, each 2-3 times pinnately divided, the smallest segments 2-3 mm wide and relatively short ...... Pulsatilla occidentalis ...... [] 2a 2b

8 RANUNCULUS Buttercup 01a Petals white (may be yellowish at base); aquatic, usually submersed plants; leaves all fnely dissected ...... 02 01b Petals yellow; leaves entire and/or variously (sometimes fnely) dissected ...... 03 02a Leaves soft, collapsing when out of water, the free leaf stalk ≈ stipule length ...... 2a ...... ...... [, in part]

02a Leaves relatively frm, not collapsing out of 2b water, the free leaf stalk absent or shorter than the stipule ...... [; R. aquatilis, in part] 03a Leaves smooth-edged (shallow teeth rare); plants with stolons/runners and rooting at the joints/nodes...... Ranunculus fammula ...... [] 03b Leaves all or some, deeply lobed or divided 3a into leafets; rooting various ...... 04 04a Plants aquatic, foating, submersed or creeping 5a on mud; stems slender, weak, sprawling, rooting at the joints/nodes...... 05 04b Plants terrestrial, though often growing in marshy sites; stems mostly erect, occasionally sprawling and rooting at the joints/nodes in some species ...... 07 05a Leaves kidney-shaped, 0.3-1.2 x 0.5-2 cm, 3-lobed ...... 05b Leaves circular in outline, 1-6 times divided in 3s, often with long, slender segments (especially on submerged leaves) ...... 06 06a Fruiting heads 8-10 x 7-8 mm; achenes 1.8-2.2 6a x 1.6-2.2 mm with beaks 1-1.8 mm long; petals 7-12 x 5-9 mm; leaves 1-6 times divided ...... Ranunculus fabellaris S1 06b Fruiting heads 3-8 x 3-7 mm; achenes 1-1.6 x 1-1.2 mm with beaks 0.4-0.8 mm long; petals 3-7 x 2-5 mm; leaves 1-3 times divided ......

07a Basal and stem leaves distinctly different, some or all of the basal leaves smooth-edged or toothed (not lobed), most of the stem leaves 6b deeply cut and ± stalkless ...... 08 07b Basal and stem leaves all deeply lobed or divided into leafets, but stem leaves often smaller, less divided, or with shorter stalks 12 8a 08a Petals 1.5-3 x 1-2 mm, shorter and narrower than the sepals; basal leaves round to kidney- shaped, sometimes 3-lobed, edged with rounded teeth ...... 08b Petals >3 mm long, longer and wider than the sepals; leaves various ...... 09

9 09a Achenes in spherical heads; plants (4)10- 15(25) cm tall ...... 10 09b Achenes in cylindrical heads; plants (10)15- 10a 30(40) cm tall ...... 11 10a Plants hairy (hairless); stems erect, 5-22 cm tall, bearing 3-12 fowers; sepals 4-6 x 1.5-3 mm, with long, soft hairs on the outer/lower side; petals 5-9 x 2-4 mm; achenes hairless ...... Ranunculus rhomboideus 10b Plants hairless; stems ascending to sprawling, 4-14 cm long, bearing 1-4 fowers; sepals hairless or with a few hairs on the outer/lower side, petals (6)8-13(15) x 5-12 mm; achenes 10b mostly fne-hairy . . 11a Flower stalks often shorter than the upper stem leaves, covered in fat-lying hairs; receptacles hairless or with long, soft hairs; sepals 3-5 x 2-3 mm; petals (3)4-9 x 2-5 mm, the nectary 11b scales hairless ... Ranunculus inamoenus 11b Flower stalks elongated above the upper stem leaves, covered in long, soft hairs; receptacles densely covered with fne, gray hairs; sepals 11a 5-8 x 3-7 mm; petals 6-13(15) x 4-13 mm, the nectary scales fringed with hairs or hairless ...... Ranunculus cardiophyllus 12a 12a Tip segment of larger leaves stalked .....13 12b Tip segment of larger leaves stalkless ....15

12b 13a Petals < sepals in length; heads of achenes cylindrical-oblong, 9-12 x 5-7 mm; stems erect, never rooting at the joints/nodes...... 13b Petals ≥ sepals in length; heads of achenes egg-shaped to round; stems erect to sprawling, often rooting at the joints/nodes ...... 14 14a Stems sprawling or creeping; petals 4-6 x 3.5- 5 mm, < to slightly > the sepals; fruiting heads 7-11 x 7-10 mm; achenes tipped with a straight beak; native, common throughout AB ...... 13a 14b Stems erect to sprawling; petals 6-18 x 5-12 mm, at least twice as long as the sepals; fruiting heads 5-10 x 5-8 mm; achenes tipped 14a with a strongly curved beak; exotic, rare in AB ...... X

14b 15a Petals mostly ≤5 mm long ...... 16 15b Petals mostly >5 mm long ...... 19

16a Plants (0.6)2-15(22) cm tall, alpine spp. ...17 16b Plants (20)30-60(80) cm tall lowland spp. .18

10 17a Basal leaf blades >1 cm long (at least some); stems 3-22 cm long, with 1-5 fowers; petals 3-6 mm long; achenes 1.2-2.4 mm long, with curved or hooked beaks . .Ranunculus grayi ...... [Ranunculus gelidus; ...... Ranunculus verecundus] 17b Basal leaf blades <1 cm long; stems 0.6-3.4 17a cm long (sometimes longer in fruit), with 1-2 fowers; petals 1.2-3(3.5) mm long; achenes 1-1.2 mm long, with straight or curved beaks ...... 17b 18a Achenes 1-1.2 x 0.8-1 mm, with a tiny, 0.1 mm beak; plants common in marshy sites throughout AB ..... 18b Achenes 2-2.8 x 1.6-2 mm, with a conspicuous, curved, 1.2-2.5 mm beak; plants uncommon, in moist woodlands in the sw ¼ of AB ...... 18a ...... 19a Achenes plump, with rounded edges; basal leaves deeply divided into 3 or more segments ...... 20 20a 19b Achenes fattened, with distinctly fattened (keeled; winged) edges; basal leaves with 3-5 lobes radiating from the centre ...... 22

18b 20a Plants ± hairy; achene beak short, curved; basal leaves deeply cut into 5-7 fnger-like segments; moist lowland to alpine meadows ...... Ranunculus arcticus ...... [Ranunculus pedatifdus] 20b Plants hairless or sparsely brown-hairy; achene beak prominent, straight; basal leaves with 3 main segments and each segment 1-2 times lobed; moist alpine sites ...... 21 21a Sepals with coarse brown hairs on the outer/ under side; fowers solitary; rare in the n AB cordillera ...... S2 21b Sepals with wavy, yellow hairs on the outer/ under side; fowers 1-3; widespread in the AB cordillera ...... 22a Sepals bent back at maturity; petals 5-6, 5-13 × 1.5-8 mm; achenes 2.6-3.6 mm long, 21a 21b tipped with a (0.6)1-1.6 mm long beak; native, n cordillera ..... 22b Sepals spreading at maturity; petals 5, 8-11(- 17) × 7-13 mm; achenes 2-2.5 mm long, tipped with a 0.2-1 mm long beak; weedy exotic ...... XX

22a 22b

11 THALICTRUM Meadowrue 01a Flowers with male and female parts; sepals 5; achenes strongly fattened, with a beak 1-1.5 mm long; anthers 0.5-0.8 mm long; moist 1a 2a sites in the boreal forest, often on foodplains ...... Thalictrum sparsiforum 01b Flowers either male or female and sexes on separate plants; sepals 4(6); achenes rounded to slightly fattened, tipped with a beak 1.5-3(6) mm long; anthers 1-4 mm long; various habitats...... 02 02a Leafets tipped with 2-3(rarely -5) lobes/ large teeth, longer than wide, mostly dark green above, hairy and/or glandular beneath; flaments white or rarely lavender; achenes usually hairy; scattered sites in c and s AB...... 02b Leafets 3- to 5-lobed, often wider than long, pale green above, hairless or with short, gland-tipped hairs beneath; flaments colored (not white); achenes hairless or with short, gland-tipped hairs ...... 03

3a 03a Flower stalks wide-spreading, all ≈ in length; achenes (4)6-9(10) mm long, on 0.4-1.2 mm stalks, spreading or bent back/down, tipped with a 3-4.5(6) mm long beak; flaments (4)5-10 mm long; Rocky Mtns, Foothills, and 3b Cypress Hills ...... 03b Flower stalks ascending, markedly varied in length; achenes 3-5 mm long, on 0.1-0.3 mm stalks, erect or ascending, tipped with 1.5- 2.5(3) mm long beak; flaments (1.8)3-5.5 mm long; widespread throughout AB ...... Thalictrum venulosum

12 References

Alberta Conservaton Informaton Management System (ACIMS). 2015. List of all Taxa Confrmed for Alberta as recorded in the ACIMS database - October 15 2015. ACIMS, Government of Albert, Edmonton, Alberta.

Brouillet, L., F. Coursol, S.J. Meades, M. Favreau, M. Anions, P. Bélisle & P. Desmet. 2015. VASCAN, the Database of Vascular Plants of Canada. htp://data. canadensys.net/vascan/

Douglas, George W., Del Meidinger and Jim Pojar. 1999. Illustrated fora of Britsh Columbia. Volume 4. Dicotyledons (Orobanchaceae through Rubiaceae). Britsh Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC.

Douglas, George W., Del Meidinger and Jim Pojar. 2002. Illustrated Flora of Britsh Columbia. Volume 8. General Summary, Maps and Keys. Britsh Columbia Ministry of Forests, Victoria, BC.

Flora North America Associaton. 2008. Flora North America Website. Online data accessed December 2015 to June 2016. htp://www.eforas.org

Moss, E.H. 1983. The Flora of Alberta. Second Editon, Revised by John G. Packer. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, .

Province of Alberta. 2016. Weed Control Act, Ofce Consolidaton. Alberta Regula- ton 19/2010 with amendments up to and including Alberta Regulaton 125/2016. Alberta Queen’s Printer, Edmonton, AB.

13 List of Species and Illustration Sources Scientfc Name Illus. Source Scientfc Name Illus. Source Aconitum delphiniifolium Maywood Ranunculus eschscholtzii H&C H&C Ranunculus fabellaris H&C Anemone canadensis B&B Ranunculus fammula H&C Anemone cylindrica H&C Ranunculus glaberrimus H&C Anemone drummondii H&C Ranunculus gmelinii H&C Anemone multfda H&C Ranunculus grayi H&C Anemone narcissifora Kershaw Ranunculus hyperboreus H&C Anemone occidentalis H&C Ranunculus inamoenus H&C Anemone parvifora H&C Ranunculus macounii H&C Anemone patens H&C Ranunculus nivalis Kershaw Anemone quinquefolia Maywood Ranunculus occidentalis H&C Anemone richardsonii Kershaw Ranunculus pensylvanicus H&C Anemone virginiana B&B Ranunculus pygmaeus B&B Aquilegia brevistyla Maywood Ranunculus repens H&C Aquilegia favescens H&C Ranunculus rhomboideus Maywood Aquilegia formosa H&C Ranunculus sceleratus H&C Aquilegia jonesii H&C Ranunculus uncinatus H&C Caltha leptosepala H&C Thalictrum dasycarpum H&C Caltha natans Kershaw Thalictrum occidentale H&C Caltha palustris Maywood Thalictrum sparsiforum H&C Ceratocephala testculata H&C Thalictrum venulosum H&C Clemats ligustcifolia H&C Trollius albiforus H&C Clemats occidentalis H&C Key to Illustration Sources Clemats tangutca Kershaw Coptdium lapponicum Kershaw B&B = Britton, N. L. and A. Brown. 1913. Copts trifolia Maywood; H&C An illustrated fora of the northern and Canada. reprinted by Dover Delphinium bicolor H&C Publications in 1970 edition. Dover Delphinium glaucum H&C Publications, Inc., , New York. Delphinium nutallianum H&C H&C = Hitchcock, C. L., A. Cronquist, M. Halerpestes cymbalaria H&C Ownbey, and J. W. Thompson. 1955-69. Myosurus apetalus H&C Vascular plants of the Pacifc Northwest. Volume 5. University of Washington Myosurus minimus H&C Press, Seattle, Washington. Ranunculus abortvus H&C Ranunculus acris H&C Kershaw = Linda Kershaw. Ranunculus aquatlis H&C Maywood = John Maywood. Ranunculus arctcus H&C Ranunculus cardiophyllus H&C

14 Index testiculata 4 Aconitum Clematis 3, 7 delphiniifolium 3 ligusticifolia 7 Actaea occidentalis 7 rubra 4 tangutica 7 Anemonastrum 5 Coptidium canadense 5 lapponicum 4 narcissifora. See Anemonastrum Coptis sibiricum trifolia 5 richardsonii 5 Delphinium 3, 8 sibiricum 4, 5 bicolor 8 Anemonastrumn 3 glaucum 8 Anemone 3, 6 nuttallianum 8 canadensis. See Anemonastrum ca- Halerpestes nadense cymbalaria 4 cylindrica 6 Myosurus 3, 8 drummondii 6 apetalus 8 lithophila. See Anemone drummondii aristatus. See Myosurus apetalus multifda 6 minimus 8 narcissifora. See Anemonastrum Pulsatilla 3 sibiricum nuttalliana 8 occidentalis. See Pulsatilla occidentalis occidentalis 8 parvifora 4 patens. See Pulsatilla nuttalliana patens. See Pulsatilla nuttalliana Ranunculaceae 3 quinquefolia 6 Ranunculus 4, 9 richardsonii. See Anemonastrum abortivus 9 richardsonii acris 11 riparia. See Anemone virginiana aquatilis. See Ranunculus trichophyl- virginiana 6 lus; See Ranunculus longirostris Aquilegia 4, 7 arcticus 11 brevistyla 7 cardiophyllus 10 favescens 7 circinatus. See Ranunculus longirostris formosa 7 cymbalaria. See Halerpestes cym- jonesii 7 balaria Caltha 5, 7 eschscholtzii 11 leptosepala 7 fabellaris 9 natans 7 fammula 9 palustris 7 gelidus. See Ranunculus grayi Ceratocephala glaberrimus 10

15 gmelinii 9 grayi 11 hyperboreus 9 inamoenus 10 lapponicus. See Coptidium lapponicum longirostris 9 macounii 10 nivalis 11 occidentalis 11 pedatifdus. See Ranunculus arcticus pensylvanicus 10 pygmaeus 11 repens 10 reptans. See Ranunculus fammula rhomboideus 10 sceleratus 11 testiculatus. See Ceratocephala testiculata trichophyllus 9 uncinatus 11 verecundus. See Ranunculus grayi Talictrum 4, 12 dasycarpum 12 occidentale 12 sparsiforum 12 venulosum 12 Trollius albiforus 5

16