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2.5 Ukraine Waterways Assessment
2.5 Ukraine Waterways Assessment Ukraine has high potential navigable rivers - over 4 thousand km: there are traditional waterways Dnipro - 1,205 km and its tributaries (Desna- 520 km, Pripyat - 60 km) and Dunay - 160 km, Bug - 155 km, and other so-called small rivers. Dnipro River and its major tributaries Desna and Pripyat carried out to 90% of total transport. The remaining 10% are Dunai and other rivers (Desna, Dniester, Southern Bug, Seversky Donets, Ingulets, Vorskla, etc.). Since Ukraine gained independence in 1991, length of river waterways decreased almost twice (from 4 thousand. Km to 2.1 thousand. Km). At the same time the density of river shipping routes reduced 1.75 times; intensity of freight transport - in 4,3 times, and passenger transportation - 7.5 times The volume of traffic fellt to 60 mln. MT in 1990 to 12 mln. MT in 2006, and then - to 5 mln. MT in 2014. Over the past two or three years, inland waterway transportation is only 0.2 - 0.8% of all the cargo traffic. The main categories of goods that are transported via inland waterway – agricultural products (mainly grain), metal products, chemicals. Company Information Only few companies operate on rivers. First, it is a private company "Ukrrichflot" http://ukrrichflot.ua/en/ , declares the presence of about 100 vessels of various types and their ports and other elements of the port infrastructure. The second important market player - Agrocorporation "NIBULON" http://www. nibulon.com/ . The company owns a private fleet and private river terminals. Dnipropetrovsk River -
Present and Future Environmental Impact of the Chernobyl Accident
IAEA-TECDOC-1240 Present and future environmental impact of the Chernobyl accident Study monitored by an International Advisory Committee under the project management of the Institut de protection et de sûreté nucléaire (IPSN), France August 2001 The originating Section of this publication in the IAEA was: Waste Safety Section International Atomic Energy Agency Wagramer Strasse 5 P.O. Box 100 A-1400 Vienna, Austria PRESENT AND FUTURE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT IAEA, VIENNA, 2001 IAEA-TECDOC-1240 ISSN 1011–4289 © IAEA, 2001 Printed by the IAEA in Austria August 2001 FOREWORD The environmental impact of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident has been extensively investigated by scientists in the countries affected and by international organizations. Assessment of the environmental contamination and the resulting radiation exposure of the population was an important part of the International Chernobyl Project in 1990–1991. This project was designed to assess the measures that the then USSR Government had taken to enable people to live safely in contaminated areas, and to evaluate the measures taken to safeguard human health there. It was organized by the IAEA under the auspices of an International Advisory Committee with the participation of the Commission of the European Communities (CEC), the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Labour Organisation (ILO), the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR), the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The IAEA has also been engaged in further studies in this area through projects such as the one on validation of environmental model predictions (VAMP) and through its technical co-operation programme. -
Trade Routes of the Kyiv Province of the First Half of the 19Th Century
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 SJIF (2019): 7.583 Trade Routes of the Kyiv Province of the First Half of the 19th Century Hybytskyy Lyubomyr PhD in History, Adjunct Professor of History of Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Kyiv, Ukraine e-mail: lubg[at]ukr.net), https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8511-6461 Abstract: The study of the evolution of trade routes is of great interest to contemporary society because of the impact it has on the quality of human life and the social dynamics of communities. The author has analyzed the determining factors of the effectiveness of the government, local government, police, taking into account historical research for the 19th, 20th, and the last years of the 21st century. Archival documents have been used, some of which identify variables related to the Kyiv province, such as road construction, some of which are aimed at merchant’s perception of the attention received by logistics. Other sources emphasize the weaknesses of rural community’s actions regarding the quality of repair of bridges and dams. Finally, there are those who are critical of carriers who provided their services within and outside the province. Emphasis has been placed on the constant presence of police officers who monitored the quality and condition of roads in the settlements. This article is based on archival documents. Methods of analysis, systematization and classification have allowed to track the main array of data and conduct research. Keywords: Kyiv province, 19th century, transport, trade routes, zemstvo duties, transportation 1. Introduction study of roads along with the analysis of geography, geology, flora and fauna, climatology, soil science, The attractiveness of the state is determined by the demography [12]. -
Elections, Revolution and Democracy in Ukraine
ELECTIONS, REVOLUTION AND DEMOCRACY IN UKRAINE: REFLECTIONS ON A COUNTRY’S TURN TO DEMOCRACY, FREE ELECTIONS AND THE MODERN WORLD By Jeffrey Clark With Jason Stout October 2005 DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES: STRENGTHENING ELECTORAL ADMINISTRATION IN UKRAINE PROJECT This publication was made possible through support provided by the Regional Mission for Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of Agreement No. 121-A-00- 04-00701-00. The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Agency for International Development. PREFACE A USAID-supported activity known as the Strengthening Electoral Administration in Ukraine Project (SEAUP), administered by Development Associates, played a decidedly important role in facilitating Ukraine’s turn to democracy in 2004. The pages that follow provide evidence of that unequivocal conclusion, but just as importantly offer reflections on how the project was perceived and implemented of interest to promoters of free elections and democratization elsewhere. SEAUP’s success would have been unattainable without the unwavering support USAID gave the initiative and the trust placed in its professional staff. The Kyiv Mission granted considerable administrative flexibility that proved essential as political tensions increased and unplanned program inputs had to be devised virtually overnight to meet the challenges of a massively fraudulent vote and a court-ordered revote. The efforts of external players to foment anti-American sentiments further complicated the environment and imposed additional constraints on project implementers. USAID sponsored other implementing agencies actively supporting democratic consolidation in Ukraine, working directly with NDI, IRI, Freedom House, InterNews, and ABA/CEELI. -
Past, Current, and Future of the Central European Corridor for Aquatic Invasions in Belarus
Biol Invasions (2008) 10:215–232 DOI 10.1007/s10530-007-9124-y ORIGINAL PAPER Past, current, and future of the central European corridor for aquatic invasions in Belarus Alexander Y. Karatayev Æ Sergey E. Mastitsky Æ Lyubov E. Burlakova Æ Sergej Olenin Received: 5 April 2007 / Accepted: 8 May 2007 / Published online: 25 July 2007 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2007 Abstract We analyzed the role of the waterways of first comprehensive review of aquatic exotic inverte- Belarus in the spread of aquatic exotic invertebrates brates in Belarus. Currently, 19 exotic aquatic through the central European invasion corridor. invertebrates are known in Belarus, including 14 Present day Belarus became critically important species of Ponto-Caspian origin. The rate of spread of when in the end of the 18th—beginning of the 19th aquatic invasive species in the second half of the 20th century three interbasin canals connecting rivers from century increased 7-fold compared to the 19th— the Black and Baltic seas basins were constructed for beginning of the 20th century. We found a significant international trade. These canals became important positive correlation between the time since initial pathways facilitating the spread of aquatic alien invasion and number of waterbodies colonized. We species. For more than a hundred years, only Ponto- predict a further increase in the rate of colonization of Caspian species colonized Belarus using ships and Belarus by exotic invertebrates as well as an increase especially timber in rafts exported by Russia into in the diversity of vectors of spread and donor areas Western Europe. -
Chapter 5 Drainage Basin of the Black Sea
165 CHAPTER 5 DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE BLACK SEA This chapter deals with the assessment of transboundary rivers, lakes and groundwa- ters, as well as selected Ramsar Sites and other wetlands of transboundary importance, which are located in the basin of the Black Sea. Assessed transboundary waters in the drainage basin of the Black Sea Transboundary groundwaters Ramsar Sites/wetlands of Basin/sub-basin(s) Recipient Riparian countries Lakes in the basin within the basin transboundary importance Rezovska/Multudere Black Sea BG, TR Danube Black Sea AT, BA, BG, Reservoirs Silurian-Cretaceous (MD, RO, Lower Danube Green Corridor and HR, CZ, DE, Iron Gate I and UA), Q,N1-2,Pg2-3,Cr2 (RO, UA), Delta Wetlands (BG, MD, RO, UA) HU, MD, ME, Iron Gate II, Dobrudja/Dobrogea Neogene- RO, RS, SI, Lake Neusiedl Sarmatian (BG-RO), Dobrudja/ CH, UA Dobrogea Upper Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous (BG-RO), South Western Backa/Dunav aquifer (RS, HR), Northeast Backa/ Danube -Tisza Interfluve or Backa/Danube-Tisza Interfluve aquifer (RS, HU), Podunajska Basin, Zitny Ostrov/Szigetköz, Hanság-Rábca (HU), Komarnanska Vysoka Kryha/Dunántúli – középhegység északi rész (HU) - Lech Danube AT, DE - Inn Danube AT, DE, IT, CH - Morava Danube AT, CZ, SK Floodplains of the Morava- Dyje-Danube Confluence --Dyje Morava AT, CZ - Raab/Rába Danube AT, HU Rába shallow aquifer, Rába porous cold and thermal aquifer, Rába Kőszeg mountain fractured aquifer, Günser Gebirge Umland, Günstal, Hügelland Raab Ost, Hügelland Raab West, Hügelland Rabnitz, Lafnitztal, Pinkatal 1, Pinkatal 2, Raabtal, -
New Problems of the Chernobyl Zone 1 2
New problems of the Chernobyl zone 1 2 On the night of April 26, 1986, the largest man-made disaster on the planet occurred, a symbol of a man-made hell that a human is able to arrange for himself. As a result of the explosion at the fourth power unit of the power plant, about 400 times more radioactive substances were released into the environment than during the explosion of the “Little Boy" atomic bomb that destroyed Hiroshima. 3 Estimates of the number of victims of the tragedy vary greatly. According to UN official figures, only about 50 people died as a direct result of the accident and another 4,000 died from health problems caused by radiation. However, there are other studies proving that hundreds of thousands of people became victims of the radioactive release, and in the two decades after the accident, the explosion at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant - directly or indirectly - claimed up to 200 thousand lives. What is happening in Chernobyl today? 4 In the first days after the Chernobyl accident, the greatest danger to the population was radioactive iodine-131 with a half-life of eight days. Then, in the first decades after Chernobyl, cesium-137 and strontium-90 became the biggest threats to public health. Their half-life is 30 years. That is, half of these radionuclides have already ceased to be dangerous. In the next 30 years, another half of the remaining volume will decay, and so on. For the complete decay of radioactive cesium and strontium, ten periods of 30 years each are needed - that is, three centuries. -
Transboundary Water Resources in the Former Soviet Union: Between Conflict and Cooperation
Volume 36 Issue 2 Spring 1996 Spring 1996 Transboundary Water Resources in the Former Soviet Union: Between Conflict and Cooperation Sergei Vinogradov Recommended Citation Sergei Vinogradov, Transboundary Water Resources in the Former Soviet Union: Between Conflict and Cooperation, 36 Nat. Resources J. 393 (1996). Available at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/nrj/vol36/iss2/8 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Natural Resources Journal by an authorized editor of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. SERGEI VINOGRADOV* Transboundary Water Resources in the Former Soviet Union: Between Conflict and Cooperation ABSTRACT The demiseof the Soviet Union created new internationalboundaries and, as a result, a host of legal problems related to the management and utilization of natural resources divided by these boundaries. This article surveys the most importanttransboundary water systems, shared by the former Soviet republics,and examines an emerging legal framework for cooperation, multilateral,regional and bilateral,between them. Although the currentapproach to the use of transboundary water resources is still influenced by the practices established in the former Soviet Union, there is a tendency towards greater reliance upon internationallaw in addressingwater-related issues of common concern. I. INTRODUCTION The disintegration of the Soviet Union and the emergence of newly independent states (NIS) gave rise to a number of political, economic and legal problems, exceptional in scale and complexity. While only a few of these countries are truly politically and economically independent, the relationships between the NIS are governed by international law, and it is for international lawyers to assess the possible political and legal repercussions of the latest developments. -
Radiological Conditions in the Dnieper River Basin
RADIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT REPORTS SERIES Radiological Conditions in the Dnieper River Basin Assessment by an international expert team and recommendations for an action plan IAEA SAFETY RELATED PUBLICATIONS IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS Under the terms of Article III of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized to establish or adopt standards of safety for protection of health and minimization of danger to life and property, and to provide for the application of these standards. The publications by means of which the IAEA establishes standards are issued in the IAEA Safety Standards Series. This series covers nuclear safety, radiation safety, transport safety and waste safety, and also general safety (i.e. all these areas of safety). The publication categories in the series are Safety Fundamentals, Safety Requirements and Safety Guides. Safety standards are coded according to their coverage: nuclear safety (NS), radiation safety (RS), transport safety (TS), waste safety (WS) and general safety (GS). Information on the IAEA’s safety standards programme is available at the IAEA Internet site http://www-ns.iaea.org/standards/ The site provides the texts in English of published and draft safety standards. The texts of safety standards issued in Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish, the IAEA Safety Glossary and a status report for safety standards under development are also available. For further information, please contact the IAEA at P.O. Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. All users of IAEA safety standards are invited to inform the IAEA of experience in their use (e.g. as a basis for national regulations, for safety reviews and for training courses) for the purpose of ensuring that they continue to meet users’ needs. -
Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology
ISSN 2617-2909 (print) Journal of Geology, ISSN 2617-2119 (online) Geography and Journ. Geol. Geograph. Geoecology Geology, 29(1), 206–216. Journal home page: geology-dnu-dp.ua doi: 10.15421/112019 Viktor I. Vyshnevskyi, Serhii A. Shevchuk Journ. Geol. Geograph. Geoecology, 29 (1), 206–216. Use of remote sensing data to study ice cover in the Dnipro Reservoirs Viktor I. Vyshnevskyi1, Serhii A. Shevchuk2 1Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation,Ukraine, [email protected] 2Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation,Ukraine, [email protected] Received: 20.06.2019 Abstract. The information on the use of remote sensing data when studying the ice cover Received in revised form: 30.06.2019 of the Dnipro Reservoirs is given. The main source of data was the images obtained by the Accepted: 29.12.2019 satellites Sentinel-2, Landsat, Aqua and Terra. In addition, the observation data from the hydrological and meteorological stations were used. The combination of these data enabled to study the patterns of ice regime in the Dnipro Reservoirs, to specify some features that cannot be determined by regular monitoring. A typical feature of the ice cover of all reservoirs of the Dnipro Cascade, besides the Kyivske one, is the impact of hydropower plants (HPP) located upstream. The runoff of the rivers flowing into the Kyivske Reservoir significantly influences its ice cover. This is especially relates to the period of spring flood. Besides the Dnipro and the Pripyat Rivers, relatively small the Teteriv and the Irpin Rivers flowing from the south-west to the north-east have a rather significant effect on the ice cover of this reservoir. -
Present and Future Environmental Impact of the Chernobyl Accident
XA0102711 IAEA-TECDOC-1240 \ - Present and future environmental impact of the Chernobyl accident Study monitored by an International Advisory Committee under the project management of the Institut de protection et de surete nucleaire (IPSN), France ffl IAEA 32/ 40 August 2001 IAEA SAFETY RELATED PUBLICATIONS IAEA SAFETY STANDARDS Under the terms of Article III of its Statute, the IAEA is authorized to establish standards of safety for protection against ionizing radiation and to provide for the application of these standards to peaceful nuclear activities. The regulatory related publications by means of which the IAEA establishes safety standards and measures are issued in the IAEA Safety Standards Series. This series covers nuclear safety, radiation safety, transport safety and waste safety, and also general safety (that is, of relevance in two or more of the four areas), and the categories within it are Safety Fundamentals, Safety Requirements and Safety Guides. • Safety Fundamentals (silver lettering) present basic objectives, concepts and principles of safety and protection in the development and application of atomic energy for peaceful purposes. • Safety Requirements (red lettering) establish the requirements that must be met to ensure safety. These requirements, which are expressed as 'shall' statements, are governed by the objectives and principles presented in the Safety Fundamentals. • Safety Guides (green lettering) recommend actions, conditions or procedures for meeting safety requirements. Recommendations in Safety Guides are expressed as 'should' statements, with the implication that it is necessary to take the measures recommended or equivalent alternative measures to comply with the requirements. The IAEA's safety standards are not legally binding on Member States but may be adopted by them, at their own discretion, for use in national regulations in respect of their own activities. -
The Morphological Characteristics of the Danube Ruffe, Gymnocephalus Baloni (Perciformes, Percidae), in the Upper Reaches of the Dnipro River, Ukraine
Vestnik zoologii, 51(1): 79–82, 2017 DOI 10.1515/vzoo-2017-0013 UDC 597.556.331.1:591.4(477) THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DANUBE RUFFE, GYMNOCEPHALUS BALONI (PERCIFORMES, PERCIDAE), IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE DNIPRO RIVER, UKRAINE A. O. Tsyba, S. V. Kokodiy Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology, NAS of Ukraine, vul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, Kyiv, 01030 Ukraine E-mail: [email protected]. 0955300107 Th e Morphological Characteristics of the Danube Ruff e, Gymnocephalus baloni (Perciformes, Percidae), in the Upper Reaches of the Dnipro River, Ukraine. Tsyba, A. O., Kokodiy, S. V. — In the upper reaches of the Dnipro it was found a Danube ruff e population. It diff ers from the population of the middle reaches of the Dnipro by a longer caudal peduncle. Th e Danube ruff e diff ers from sympatric populations of the common ruff e by 10 features. For a fast and precise identifi cation of these two species, it was proposed to use the height of the membrane between the fi rst and second rays of the anal fi n as a percentageto the length of the body. Key words: Pisces, Gymnocephalus baloni,Gymnocephalus cernuus, ruff e, morphology, Upper Dnipro. Introduction Th e Danube ruff e Gymnocephalus baloni Holciket Hensel, 1974 refers to the poorly studied species in Ukraine (Movchan, 2011) and is included in the Red Book of Ukraine under the “unrated” category (2009). Within Ukraine, it is known from the Lower Danube, the Middle Dnipro and its tributaries: Supij, Sula, Trubizh (Catalogue…, 2003). In the upper reaches of the Dnipro this species known only in its tributaries.