DOCSLIB.ORG

PR1987-02.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

:,-.. , r,. .:f-rj: +:',::.. i1:-. -..:i rril €,.,..,.,. I..'-.a,1.E.;ia.r:l :l .l:.1.', ,:, :::'.r:*: lfs' never too 'lot'* ta ?ry sarnelhirtg, 1t**. YaAS Ynntruilg Wu Xueqian Talks On World Situation I I r In an interview with reporters on.December 3l , 1986, Sr]ate Councitor and Foreign Minister Wu Xueqian answcied questions on the world situation. He pointed out that the f,"]ues working for world peace were g.o*ing faster than the fa, l.,rs for war and the efforts for world peace have a brighter futr' p. l4). Democracy & Legal System r China still needs to improve its democracy and legal syst;m. To accomplish this, it is imperative to adhere to the Parjty's leadership and the socialist road. The recent stu(fent demonstrations have disrupted normal production and w,rrk. It is hoped that under the correct guidance of the governm:nt, school authorities and society the students will halt all harrgful actions (p. 4). Steady Growth of China's National Economy r A senior official of the State Economic Commission says China's national economy kept up a steady development in 1986, both in rural and urban areas. Problems, however, persist (p.17). For Better City Environlhental Protection r After more than a decade's effort. China made some progress in environmental protection by checking air pollution, controlling noise, and planting trees, as examplified by the <,;ase of Luoyang (see subduing the "Yellow Dragon"). However pollution remains a serious problem and the work to overc()me it will be long and hard (p. 22) NA-l. Trends in Sino-US trade NA-3 Popular condensation of Joseph Needham's rtScience and Civilisation in China" published NA-7 New memorial to Dr. Norman Bethune Editorial Advisory Committee, ofSocial Sciences, Director ofthe Institute ofAmerican Studies), Zeng Jianhui (Deputy Director of Xinhua News Agency), Peng Beijing Reyiew, North American Edition Di (member of the Secretariat of Chinese Journalists Associ rtion and former US bureau chief of Xinhua News Agency), Ying Chalrman: Zhu Muzhi (President of the Association [or Cultural Ruocheng (Vice-Minister of Culture). Gu Yijian (Secretary Exchanges with Foreign Countries, former Minister of Culture). General of the Chinese Academy of Sciences), Zou Siyi illemberc: Huan Xiang (Chief Executive of the International (President of China Industry and Commerce Developrnent Affairs Research Centre of the State Council), Zhang Wenjin Corp.), Huang Shiqi (Vice-President of the China Assoc, rtion (President of the Chinese People's Association lor Friendship for International Exchanges in klucation), Su Shaozhi (dir:ctor with Foreign Countries, former Ambassador to the United of the Marxisrn, l.eninism and Mao Zedong Thought.Res:arch States and Canada), Israel Epstein (member of National Institute). Committee oi the Chinese People's Political Consultative Executlve Vice-Chairman: Duan Liancheng (Vice-Presidt nt of Conference,) Li Shenzhi (Vice-President of the Chinese Academy the Chinese Translators Association). I NOTES FROM THE EDITORS trampled undeifoot and their Democracy & Legal System individual liberties disregarded. The turmoil was a tragic disaster by An ZhlEuo for the state and the people, an overwhelming majority of whom were affected. to speak out now than in previous Recently, some university stu- ff :"' "8X,'llH, io"o"f",l} years. This is in sharp contrast dents in Hefei (Anhui Proviqce), R Shanghai, Nanjing, Beijing and of China have repeatedly stressed with the situation during the that establishing a.democratic "cultural revolution" (196C76). other cities took to the streets calling for freedom and democ- socialist political system is one of Under the leadership of the racy. Their actions did not have the fundamental . tasks of the Party, the Chinese people are the support of local residents. This socialist revolution. The new carrying out economic and shows that the people detested the Constitution People's political reforms. These reforms, of the chaos so+alled "mass Republic of China passed at the being unprecedented and experi- of the democracy," and value their hard- 1982 National People's Congress mental, cannot be expected to be won political stability and unity. says that people of all nationalities Most of the students who took in China must "turn China into a part demonstrations were socialist country with a high level in the con- of culture and democracy." well-intentioned; they were C *oo', reforms are & cerned support democracy and Over the last eight years China to process improving the freedom; they were impatient has experienced sustained, stable of but extreme actions. and balanced economic develop- socialist system. To ensure and some took a few students had only a ment, political stability and a Quite their success, it is vague understanding of democ- strengthening of its socialist to adhere the freedom, and were democracy and legal system. hnperative to racy and unable define exactly what it China has abolished the system Party's leadership ond the to were seeking. Some of cadres for life, and direct was they socialist road. seemed that democracy elections have been introduced in to think and freedom meant they could do county-level people's congresses whatever they wanted to. as well as some work units. smooth or satisfactory in every China's socialist democratic Deputies to the people's con- aspect. Even the best decisions can system is not perfect, and so it is gresses above that level are elected only be implemented step by step. from among a larger necessary to continue building up number of This is also true of building political life. All nominees, whose names are only a democratic democracy. suggestions and constructive criti- decided upon after repeated Democracy is not an isolated by the Party discussions among various cism are welcomed social phenomenon but is condit- government. is democratic parties and people's and But it ioned by many factors including important remember that organizations. The role the to of the economy, the social environ- China's reforms are a process of NPC, the highest state organ, is ment, ideology and culture. system. To being strengthened. is playing improving our socialist It Therefore, building democracy imperative to an increasingly decisive role in ensure success, it is can only progress along with adhere to the Party's leadership formulating important state prin- economic, political, and cultural policies and the socialist road-this is ciples and and supervising developments. No their implementation. enshrined in the Constitution. The "cultural revolution" was one is allowed, on any pretext, to During the reform of the once known for its "mass move away from the Party's economic structure, enterprises democracy." But in fact that is a leadership and the socialist road, were granted greater decision- mockery of the truth. In those nor is one allowed to infringe on making powers and the super- days some people spoke out freely, the democratic rights and free- visory role of the workers' wrote big-character posters and doms of others. congress was promoted. In the held great debates. Under the frelds of literature, art and science, pretext of practising such "mass Some students are concerned the policy of "letting a hundred democracy," they made ground- only with their freedom to flowers bloom and a hundred less charges against others and did demonstrate but they forget that schools of thought contend" has what they wished, free from the in exercising their rights, they been implemented. Visitors will restraints of law. The democratic must not harm the interests of the notice a much greater willingness t rights of most people were state, the society and the BEIJING REVIEW, No.2 I EYENTS/TRENDS New Year in Beijing Ithina's experience in 1986 China will also continue to V proved again that the nation improve socialist democracy and could have achieved no success in legal system, he said. He added its reforms and economic develop- that at present, the Chinese people ment without the leadership of the should do everything to ensure Chinese Communist Party, Vice- stability and unity and resist any President Ulanhu said January I ideological trend towards in Beijing. bourgeois liberalization. "Any words or actions that Other New Year's Day activ- deny the Party's leadership and ities included a gathering of about the socialist system or advocate 4,000 Beijing children at bourgeois liberalization are essen- Tiananmen Square, the centre tially against the people's inter- of the capital. They took part in.a ests. and the historical trend, and ceremony at the Monument to the collective, or infringe on the rights will surely be opposed by the People's Heroes, and 100 took of others. In Shanghai and people," said Ulanhu, who is a turns standing guard at the Nanjing for example, student Mongolian. monument to honour "the demonstrations in downtown Ulanhu made his remarks at a beautiful future of the areas held up city traffic for a reception held by the National motherland." while. So people missed trains and Committee of the Chinese On New Year's Day, 1987, ships, many more could not get to People's Political Consultative many shop assistants in Beijing work in tirne. Conference (CPPCC) and atten- gave up their holiday to serve To guarantee citizens their ded by more than 400 people from customers. Holiday business was legitimate rights as laid down in all walks of life. He also offered brisk despite the freezing cold and the Constitution, some cities have New Year's greetings from the more snow than the city has seen drawn up regulations concetning Party's Central Committee and in several years. Admission to all demostrations. This is essential to the State Council to China's non- public parks was free that day. the further improvement of communist parties, to people Tourists and residents alike democracy and the legal system.
Recommended publications
  • Knowledge Control and Social Contestation in China's

    Knowledge Control and Social Contestation in China's

    Science in Movements This book analyzes and compares the origins, evolutionary patterns and consequences of different science and technology controversies in China, including hydropower resistance, disputes surrounding genetically modified organisms and the nuclear power debate. The examination combines social movement theories, communication studies, and science and technology studies. Taking a multidisciplinary approach, the book provides an insight into the interwoven relationship between social and political controls and knowledge monopoly, and looks into a central issue neglected by previous science communication studies: why have different con- troversies shown divergent patterns despite similar social and political contexts? It is revealed that the media environment, political opportunity structures, knowledge-control regimes and activists’ strategies have jointly triggered, nur- tured and sustained these controversies and led to the development of different patterns. Based on these observations, the author also discusses the significance of science communication studies in promoting China’ssocialtransformation and further explores the feasible approach to a more generic framework to understand science controversies across the world. The book will be of value to academics of science communication, science and technology studies, political science studies and sociology, as well as general readers interested in China’s science controversies and social movements. Hepeng Jia is a professor of communication at Soochow University, Suzhou, China. He has worked as a leading science journalist for 20 years and is also a pioneering researcher in the field of science journalism and communication in China. Chinese Perspectives on Journalism and Communication Series Editor: Wenshan Jia is a professor of communication at Shandong University and Chapman University. With the increasing impact of China on global affairs, Chinese perspectives on journalism and communication are on the growing global demand.
  • China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy

    China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy

    China, Cambodia, and the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: Principles and Foreign Policy Sophie Diamant Richardson Old Chatham, New York Bachelor of Arts, Oberlin College, 1992 Master of Arts, University of Virginia, 2001 A Dissertation presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Politics University of Virginia May, 2005 !, 11 !K::;=::: .' P I / j ;/"'" G 2 © Copyright by Sophie Diamant Richardson All Rights Reserved May 2005 3 ABSTRACT Most international relations scholarship concentrates exclusively on cooperation or aggression and dismisses non-conforming behavior as anomalous. Consequently, Chinese foreign policy towards small states is deemed either irrelevant or deviant. Yet an inquiry into the full range of choices available to policymakers shows that a particular set of beliefs – the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence – determined options, thus demonstrating the validity of an alternative rationality that standard approaches cannot apprehend. In theoretical terms, a belief-based explanation suggests that international relations and individual states’ foreign policies are not necessarily determined by a uniformly offensive or defensive posture, and that states can pursue more peaceful security strategies than an “anarchic” system has previously allowed. “Security” is not the one-dimensional, militarized state of being most international relations theory implies. Rather, it is a highly subjective, experience-based construct, such that those with different experiences will pursue different means of trying to create their own security. By examining one detailed longitudinal case, which draws on extensive archival research in China, and three shorter cases, it is shown that Chinese foreign policy makers rarely pursued options outside the Five Principles.
  • The Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China and the Overseas Chinese in Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia

    The Nationality Law of the People's Republic of China and the Overseas Chinese in Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia

    NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law Volume 5 Article 6 Number 2 Volume 5, Numbers 2 & 3, 1984 1984 The aN tionality Law of the People's Republic of China and the Overseas Chinese in Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia Tung-Pi Chen Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/ journal_of_international_and_comparative_law Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Chen, Tung-Pi (1984) "The aN tionality Law of the People's Republic of China and the Overseas Chinese in Hong Kong, Macao and Southeast Asia," NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law: Vol. 5 : No. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/journal_of_international_and_comparative_law/vol5/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by DigitalCommons@NYLS. It has been accepted for inclusion in NYLS Journal of International and Comparative Law by an authorized editor of DigitalCommons@NYLS. THE NATIONALITY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE OVERSEAS CHINESE IN HONG KONG, MACAO AND SOUTHEAST ASIA TUNG-PI CHEN* INTRODUCTION After thirty years of existence, the Government of the People's Re- public of China (PRC) enacted the long-awaited Nationality Law in 1980.1 Based on the PRC Government's enduring principle of racial and sexual equality, the new law is designed to reduce dual nationality and statelessness by combining the principles of jus sanguinis and jus soli to determine nationality at birth. The need for a Chinese national- ity law had long been recognized, but it was not until the adoption of the "open door" policy in 1978 after the downfall of the "Gang of Four," as well as the institution of codification efforts, that the urgency of the task was recognized.
  • 6 X 10 Long.P65

    6 X 10 Long.P65

    Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-86693-4 - China since Tiananmen: From Deng Xiaoping to Hu Jintao Joseph Fewsmith Index More information Index 1898 Reform Movement, 91, 101, 102 Chen Daixi (Yi Ren), 40 1911 Revolution, 60, 92, 101 Chen Duxiu, 134, 187 Chen Guidi, 233 Academy of Chinese Culture, 8 Chen Haosu, 93 agriculture Chen Liangyu, 240, 271, 277, 279, 281 2006 policy, 268–9 Chen Xitong farming population, 17, 236 career, 25, 74 peasants, 154–5, 232–3, 236, 273 corruption, 172–3, 271 seizure of land, 244 downfall, 208, 272 Allbright, Madeline, 217 hardliner, 24, 51 Asian values, 148–52 ideological debate, 77 Australia, 2 Jiang and, 203 Mayor of Beijing, 93, 172 Bao Zunxin, 8 relations with Deng, 51, 77 Barshefsky, Charlene, 217 successors, 195 Bei Dao, 260 on Tiananmen, 31 ‘Beijing Consensus’, 259–60 Chen Yi, Marshal, 93 Beijing Spring, 201, 204–8 Chen Yinke, 135 Beijing University, 15, 207–8, 260 Chen Yuan, 54, 93–5, 110, 112, 113, 140, 166 Beijing Young Economists Association, 93 Chen Yun Berger, Samuel, 217 career, 26, 54–5, 74 Bo Xicheng, 93 conservative critique, 11, 22n1, 35–6, 38, 48–9, Bo Xilai, 282 59, 61, 63, 94 Bo Yibo, 61, 69, 76, 93, 201, 279, 282 death, 168, 198, 272 Boutros-Ghali, Boutros, 222 ideological debate, 65, 69, 265 Boxer Rebellion, 262 power, 24, 165, 278 Brazil, 143 relations with Jiang Zemin, 76 Brezhnev, Leonid, 191 state planning, 88 Buchanan, James, 89 Tiananmen and, 34 Bush, George H., 213 Chen Zhili, 27 Bush, George W., 2, 119, 149 Chen Ziming, 26 Cheng Nien (Zheng Nian), 126 Cai Yuanpei, 134 Cheng
  • Enclosure 10

    Enclosure 10

    Enclosure 10 Collaborations in Relativistic Astrophysics with China The exchange in the field of astrophysics between Italy and China has a long history dating back to the transfer to China of a telescope by Lì Mǎdòu (Matteo Ricci) and the translation in Chinese of the Euclid’s books by his student Xu Guangqi in the 16th century. In recent years the modern contributions in the field of Astrophysics has been carried forward by professor T.D. Lee and in the fields of Relativistic Field Theories and Einstein General Relativity Theory by professor C.N. Yang, both Nobel Laureates in 1956. They both were Chinese students of Enrico Fermi in 1940s. Following the first visit to China of professor Remo Ruffini in 1978, by invitation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) a vast number of collaborations have started in the field of Relativistic Astrophysics, following the classic article “Introducing the Black Hole” by Remo Ruffini and John Archibald Wheeler (Physics Today, January 1971, pages 30-41) in the Institute Advance Study (IAS) at Princeton. The first visit of prof Remo Ruffini to China, Beijing and Tsinghua Universities, National Observatories of CAS Based on a series of lectures delivered in China, Li Zhi Fang and Remo Ruffini wrote book “Basic Concepts of Relativistic Astrophysics” (World Scientific, 1983, Chinese version, Shanghai Scientific publisher 1981). This fundamental and didactical book has been worldwide used by undergraduate and graduate students for many generations. In 1982, with Nobel Laureate and president of the International center of theoretical physics (ICTP) prof. Abdus Salam and the president of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) prof.
  • The CCP Central Committee's Leading Small Groups Alice Miller

    The CCP Central Committee's Leading Small Groups Alice Miller

    Miller, China Leadership Monitor, No. 26 The CCP Central Committee’s Leading Small Groups Alice Miller For several decades, the Chinese leadership has used informal bodies called “leading small groups” to advise the Party Politburo on policy and to coordinate implementation of policy decisions made by the Politburo and supervised by the Secretariat. Because these groups deal with sensitive leadership processes, PRC media refer to them very rarely, and almost never publicize lists of their members on a current basis. Even the limited accessible view of these groups and their evolution, however, offers insight into the structure of power and working relationships of the top Party leadership under Hu Jintao. A listing of the Central Committee “leading groups” (lingdao xiaozu 领导小组), or just “small groups” (xiaozu 小组), that are directly subordinate to the Party Secretariat and report to the Politburo and its Standing Committee and their members is appended to this article. First created in 1958, these groups are never incorporated into publicly available charts or explanations of Party institutions on a current basis. PRC media occasionally refer to them in the course of reporting on leadership policy processes, and they sometimes mention a leader’s membership in one of them. The only instance in the entire post-Mao era in which PRC media listed the current members of any of these groups was on 2003, when the PRC-controlled Hong Kong newspaper Wen Wei Po publicized a membership list of the Central Committee Taiwan Work Leading Small Group. (Wen Wei Po, 26 December 2003) This has meant that even basic insight into these groups’ current roles and their membership requires painstaking compilation of the occasional references to them in PRC media.
  • Managing Stability in the Taiwan Strait: Non-Military Policy Towards Taiwan Under Hu Jintao, In: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 38, 3, 99-118

    Managing Stability in the Taiwan Strait: Non-Military Policy Towards Taiwan Under Hu Jintao, In: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 38, 3, 99-118

    Journal of Current Chinese Affairs China aktuell Chang, Wu-ueh and Chien-min Chao (2009), Managing Stability in the Taiwan Strait: Non-Military Policy towards Taiwan under Hu Jintao, in: Journal of Current Chinese Affairs, 38, 3, 99-118. ISSN: 1868-4874 (online), ISSN: 1868-1026 (print) The online version of this and the other articles can be found at: <www.CurrentChineseAffairs.org> Published by GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies, Institute of Asian Studies in cooperation with the National Institute of Chinese Studies, White Rose East Asia Centre at the Universities of Leeds and Sheffield and Hamburg University Press. The Journal of Current Chinese Affairs is an Open Access publication. It may be read, copied and distributed free of charge according to the conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. To subscribe to the print edition: <[email protected]> For an e-mail alert please register at: <www.CurrentChineseAffairs.org> The Journal of Current Chinese Affairs is part of the GIGA Journal Family which includes: Africa Spectrum • Journal of Current Chinese Affairs • Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs • Journal of Politics in Latin America • <www.giga-journal-family.org> Journal of Current Chinese Affairs 3/2009: 99-118 Managing Stability in the Taiwan Strait: Non-Military Policy towards Taiwan under Hu Jintao Wu-ueh Chang and Chien-min Chao Abstract: China’s Taiwan policy has been one of coupling intimidation (the “stick” approach) with coercion (the “carrot” approach), a policy mix which, in the near term, is not likely to change, as is evidenced by the passage of the “Anti-Secession Law” in March, 2005.
  • Him Mark Lai Container List.Docx

    Him Mark Lai Container List.Docx

    Finding Aid to the Him Mark Lai research files, additions, 1834-2009 (bulk 1970-2008) Collection number: AAS ARC 2010/1 Ethnic Studies Library University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California Funding for processing this collection was provided by Mrs. Laura Lai. Date Completed: June 2014 Finding Aid Written By: Dongyi (Helen) Qi, Haochen (Daniel) Shan, Shuyu (Clarissa) Lu, and Janice Otani. © 2014 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. COLLECTION SUMMARY Collection Title: Him Mark Lai research files, additions, 1834-2009 (bulk 1970-2008) Collection Number: AAS ARC 2010/1 Creator: Lai, H. Mark Extent: 95 Cartons, 33 Boxes, 7 Oversize Folders; (131.22 linear feet) Repository: Ethnic Studies Library University of California, Berkeley Berkeley, California, 94720-2360 Phone: (510) 643-1234 Fax: (510) 643-8433 Email: [email protected] Abstract: The research files are a continuation of (AAS ARC 2000/80) Him Mark Lai’s collected sources, along with his own writings and professional activity materials that relate to the history, communities, and organizations of Chinese Americans and Chinese overseas. The collection is divided into four series: Research Files, including general subjects, people, and organizations; Writings, including books, articles and indexes; Professional activities, primarily including teaching lectures, Chinese Community Hour program tapes, In Search of Roots program materials, consultation projects, interviews with Chinese Americans, conference and community events; Personal, including memorial tributes; correspondence, photographs, and slides of family and friends. The collection consists of manuscripts, papers, drafts, indexes, correspondence, organization records, reports, legal documents, yearbooks, announcements, articles, newspaper samples, newspaper clippings, publications, photographs, slides, maps, and audio tapes.
  • The Making of China's Peace with Japan

    The Making of China's Peace with Japan

    SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY SOURCES IN CHINESE Books Jin, Chongji. ed. (principal editor). Zhou Enlai zhuan 1898–1949 (Biography of Zhou Enlai 1898–1949). Edited by Zhonggong-zhongyang wenxian-yanjiushi. Beijing: Renmin-chubanshe and Zhongyang wenxian-chubanshe, 1989. Jin, Chongji. ed. (principal editor). Zhou Enlai zhuan (Biography of Zhou Enlai). 2 vols. Edited by Zhonggong-zhongyang wenxian-yanjiushi. Beijing: Zhongyang wenxian-chubanshe, 1998. Jinian Zhou Enlai chuban-faxing weiyuanhui. ed. Ribenren xinmuzhong de Zhou Enlai (Zhou Enlai in the Hearts of the Japanese). Trans by Liu Shouxu. Beijing: Zhonggong-zhongyang dangxiao-chubanshe, 1991. Li, Enmin. Zhongri minjian jingji waijiao (Sino-Japanese Private Economic Diplomacy). Beijing: Renmin-chubanshe, 1997. Li, Rongde. Liao Chengzhi. Singapore: Yongsheng-shuju, 1992. Liao Chengzhi ziliaoji (Documents on Liao Chengzhi). Hong Kong: Taozhai- shuwu, 1973. Liu, Wusheng. Zhou Enlai de wannian suiyue (Late Years of Zhou Enlai). Hong Kong: Sanlian-shudian, 2006. Sun, Pinghua. Wode lulishu (My Autobiography). Beijing: Shijie-zhishi chu- banshe, 1998. Wang, Junyan. Da-waijiaojia Zhou Enlai (Zhou Enlai: A Great Diplomat). Beijing: Jingji-ribao chubanshe, 1998. Wang, Xuanren. Nibuzhidao de Zhou Enlai (Zhou Enlai That You Do Not Know). Taipei: Wanyuan-tushu, 2005. © The Author(s) 2017 271 M. Itoh, The Making of China’s Peace with Japan, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4008-5 272 SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY Wang, Yongxiang and Takahashi, Tsuyoshi. eds. Riben liuxue-shiqi de Zhou Enlai (Zhou Enlai During his Study Period in Japan). Beijing: Zhongyang wenxian- chubanshe, 2001. Wu, Xuewen. Fengyu yinqing: Wosuo jingli de Zhongri guanxi (Wind, Rain, Cloud, Sun: My Autobiography and Sino-Japanese Relations). Beijing: Shijie-zhishi chubanshe, 2002.
  • U.S.-China Scientific Exchange: a Case Study of State-Sponsored Scientific Internationalism During the Cold War and Beyond

    U.S.-China Scientific Exchange: a Case Study of State-Sponsored Scientific Internationalism During the Cold War and Beyond

    ZUOYUE WANG* U.S.-China scientific exchange: A case study of state-sponsored scientific internationalism during the Cold War and beyond IN FEBRUARY 1972 President Richard Nixon of theUnited States embarked on his historic journey to Beijing. The dramatic tripnot only opened a new era in U.S.-China relations, but also began an exciting process ofmutual discovery be tween the two peoples. If it is true that, as the China scholar A, Doak Barnett wrote, "never in themodern period have twomajor societies been so isolated from each other for so long in peacetime," the end of the schism also brought forth unprecedented exchanges inmany walks of life, especially in academia.1 The geopolitical move by the two countries to counter Soviet aggression paved the way for interactions in science and other fields. The contacts flourished through the 1970s and expanded even furtherafter the establishment of diplomatic rela tions and the launching of China's economic reformsby the end of the 1970s. This intellectual open door proved to have profound social and political, as well as scientific, impact, especially in China, which had just begun to emerge from the devastating Cultural Revolution of 1966-1976. Despite itsconsiderable significance, scientificexchange has often been treated as a sideline inU.S.-China relations. Several excellent studies examine U.S.-China academic and educational exchanges, but theybarely touch on the scientific com *Department of History, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, CA 91768. I thank Richard Suttmeier, Lawrence Badash, H. Lyman Miller, Gene Rochlin, Wolfgang Panofsky, Xiaojian Zhao, Fan Dainian, JimWilliams, Peter Westwick, Jessica Wang, and Benjamin Zulueta for reading drafts of the paper and for stimulating discussions and com ments.
  • Biophysics, Rockets, and the State

    Biophysics, Rockets, and the State

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ASU Digital Repository Biophysics, Rockets, and the State: the Making of a Scientific Discipline in Twentieth-Century China by Yi Lai Christine Luk A Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy Approved March 2014 by the Graduate Supervisory Committee: Ann Hibner Koblitz, Chair Hoyt Tillman Jane Maienschein ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY May 2014 ABSTRACT This study takes biophysics––a relatively new field with complex origins and contested definitions––as the research focus and investigates the history of disciplinary formation in twentieth-century China. The story of building a scientific discipline in modern China illustrates how a science specialty evolved from an ambiguous and amorphous field into a full-fledged academic discipline in specific socio-institutional contexts. It focuses on archival sources and historical writings concerning the constitution and definition of biophysics in order to examine the relationship between particular scientific styles, national priorities, and institutional opportunities in the People's Republic of China. It argues that Chinese biophysicists exhibited a different style of conceiving and organizing their discipline by adapting to the institutional structure and political economy that had been created since 1949. The eight chapters demonstrate that biophysics as a scientific discipline flourished in China only where priorities of science were congruent with political and institutional imperatives. Initially consisting of cell biologists, the Chinese biophysics community redirected their disciplinary priorities toward rocket science in the late 1950s to accommodate the national need of the time. Biophysicists who had worked on biological sounding rockets were drawn to the military sector and continued to contribute to human spaceflight in post-Mao China.
  • The Evolving Israel-China Relationship

    The Evolving Israel-China Relationship

    The Evolving Israel- China Relationship Shira Efron, Howard J. Shatz, Arthur Chan, Emily Haskel, Lyle J. Morris, Andrew Scobell C O R P O R A T I O N For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR2641 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0233-2 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. © Copyright 2019 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: Photo by esfera via Shutterstock. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface Since the early 2000s, relations between China and Israel have expanded rapidly in numerous areas, including diplomacy, trade, investment, construction, educational partnerships, scientific coopera- tion, and tourism.