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Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles Mcdonald All Rights Reserved. The
Copyright © 2014 Richard Charles McDonald All rights reserved. The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary has permission to reproduce and disseminate this document in any form by any means for purposes chosen by the Seminary, including, without, limitation, preservation or instruction. GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR __________________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary __________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________ by Richard Charles McDonald December 2014 APPROVAL SHEET GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BIBLICAL HEBREW TEXTS ACCORDING TO A TRADITIONAL SEMITIC GRAMMAR Richard Charles McDonald Read and Approved by: __________________________________________ Russell T. Fuller (Chair) __________________________________________ Terry J. Betts __________________________________________ John B. Polhill Date______________________________ I dedicate this dissertation to my wife, Nancy. Without her support, encouragement, and love I could not have completed this arduous task. I also dedicate this dissertation to my parents, Charles and Shelly McDonald, who instilled in me the love of the Lord and the love of His Word. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS.............................................................................................vi LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................................vii -
Mandala#15-1996Summer.Pdf (7.019Mb)
- TheNIU ewsletter of the Center for Southeast Asian Studies, orthem Illinois Number 15, Summer 1996 DIRECTOR'S OTES A "Just So Story" about the Creation and Ret-icreation ofthe Center Ron Protienchet, Anthropology In days of old, at the time when orthern lllinois universities each semester. Over the years these two series University gave birth to the Center for Southeast Asian were combined and developed into our now "traditional" Studies, Ladd Thomas, Daniel Wit, and orman Palmer Friday Brown Bag Lunch Speakers Series, which is well inspired and assisted the birth. The period of gestation, from known, respected and attended even by IU students, fac inspiration in 1961 to birth in 1963, was relatively swift and ulty,staff, and otherresidentsof northern Illinois who are not uncomplicated, especially whencompared tootherinstances specialists in Southeast Asian studies. Also, very few of us of academic reproduction in state universities. Early Peace who regularly attend the Friday lecture bother to bring a Corps programs on campus were the seeds that germinated brown bag lunch, because there is alwaysa very inexpensive in 1963 with the founding of the Center. That was only the and incredibly delicious, freshly cooked Southeast Asian beginning of our creation, which continued and continues. meal available at the lecture. Oneof the three godfathers, Ladd Thomas, served as All this "modern" fun hasbroughtadditional faculty the first director with the title of "coordinator," which may and studentsinto Southeast Asian studiesat orthern lllinois most accurately describe the role of a "director" in our University, some fully and some partially involved. We .l3rticular comm unity of scholars. -
From Root to Nunation: the Morphology of Arabic Nouns
From Root to Nunation: The Morphology of Arabic Nouns Abdullah S. Alghamdi A thesis in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy School of Humanities and Languages Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences March 2015 PLEASE TYPE THE UNIVERSITY OF NEW SOUTH WALES Thesis/Dissertation Sheet Surname or Family name: Alghamdi First name: Abdullah Other name/s: Abbreviation for degree as given in the University calendar: PhD School: Humanities and Languages Faculty: Arts and Social Sciences Title: From root to nunation: The morphology of Arabic nouns. Abstract 350 words maximum: (PLEASE TYPE) This thesis explores aspects of the morphology of Arabic nouns within the theoretical framework of Distributed Morphology (as developed by Halle and Marantz, 1993; 1994, and many others). The theory distributes the morphosyntactic, phonological and semantic properties of words among several components of grammar. This study examines the roots and the grammatical features of gender, number, case and definiteness that constitute the structure of Arabic nouns. It shows how these constituents are represented across different types of nouns. This study supports the view that roots are category-less, and merge with the category-assigning feature [n], forming nominal stems. It also shows that compositional semantic features, e.g., ‘humanness’, are not a property of the roots, but are rather inherent to [n]. This study supports the hypothesis that roots are individuated by indices and the proposal that these indices are conceptual in nature. It is shown that indices may activate special language-specific rules by which certain types of Arabic nouns are formed. Furthermore, this study argues that the masculine feature [-F] is prohibited from remaining part of the structure of Arabic nonhuman plurals. -
Report Resumes Ed 012 361 the Structure of the Arabic Language
REPORT RESUMES ED 012 361 THE STRUCTURE OF THE ARABIC LANGUAGE. BY- YUSHMANOV; N.V. CENTER FOR APPLIED LINGUISTICS, WASHINGTON,D.C. REPORT NUMBER NDEA-VI-128 PUB DATE EDRS PRICE MF-$0.50 HC-$3.76 94F. DESCRIPTORS- *ARABIC, *GRAMMAR: TRANSLATION,*PHONOLOGY, *LINGUISTICS, *STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS, DISTRICTOF COLUMBIA THE PRESENT STUDY IS A TRANSLATIONOF THE WORK "STROI ARABSK0G0 YAZYKA" BY THE EMINENT RUSSIANLINGUIST AND SEMITICS SCHOLAR, N.Y. YUSHMANOV. IT DEALSCONCISELY WITH THE POSITION OF ARABIC AMONG THE SEMITICLANGUAGES AND THE RELATION OF THE LITERARY (CLASSICAL)LANGUAGE TO THE VARIOUS MODERN SPOKEN DIALECTS, AND PRESENTS ACONDENSED BUT COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF ARABIC PHONOLOGY ANDGRAMMAR. PAGES FROM SAMPLE TEXTS ARE INCLUDED. THIS REPORTIS AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY MOSHE PERLMANN. (IC) w4ur;,e .F:,%ay.47A,. :; -4t N. V. Yushmanov The Structure of the Arabic Language Trar Mated from the Russian by Moshe Perlmann enter for Applied Linguistics of theModern Language Association of America /ashington D.C. 1961 N. V. Yushmanov The Structure of the Arabic Language. Translated from the Russian by Moshe Perlmann Center for Applied Linguistics of the Modern Language Association of America Washington D.C. 1961 It is the policy of the Center for Applied Linguistics to publish translations of linguistic studies and other materials directly related to language problems when such works are relatively inaccessible because of the language in which they are written and are, in the opinion of the Center, of sufficient merit to deserve publication. The publication of such a work by the Center does not necessarily mean that the Center endorses all the opinions presented in it or even the complete correctness of the descriptions of facts included. -
Dioscorides Extended: the Synonyma Plantarum Barbara Autor(Es)
Dioscorides extended: the Synonyma Plantarum Barbara Autor(es): Dalby, Andrew Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/45209 DOI: DOI:https://doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-1721-3_1 Accessed : 11-Oct-2021 12:22:36 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt Série Diaita Carmen Soares Scripta & Realia Cilene da Silva Gomes Ribeiro ISSN: 2183-6523 (coords.) Destina-se esta coleção a publicar textos resultantes da investigação de membros do projeto transnacional DIAITA: Património Alimentar da Lusofonia. As obras consistem em estudos aprofundados e, na maioria das vezes, de carácter interdisciplinar sobre uma temática fundamental para o desenhar de um património e identidade culturais comuns à população falante da língua portuguesa: a história e as culturas da alimentação. -
VERBAL COMPLEMENTIZERS in ARABIC by Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed a Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty Of
VERBAL COMPLEMENTIZERS IN ARABIC by Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed A dissertation submitted to the faculty of The University of Utah in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Linguistics The University of Utah December 2015 Copyright © Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed 2015 All Rights Reserved The University of Utah Graduate School STATEMENT OF DISSERTATION APPROVAL The dissertation of Hossam Eldin Ibrahim Ahmed has been approved by the following supervisory committee members: Edward J. Rubin , Chair June 3, 2015 Date Approved Patricia Hanna , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Aniko Csirmaz , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Howard Lasnik , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved Kleanthes K. Grohmann , Member June 3, 2015 Date Approved and by Edward J. Rubin , Chair of the Department of Linguistics and by David B. Kieda, Dean of The Graduate School. ABSTRACT A class of Modern Standard Arabic complementizers known as ‘ʔinna and its sisters’ demonstrate unique case and word order restrictions. While CPs in Arabic allow both Subject‐Verb (SV) and Verb‐Subject (VS) word order and their subjects show nominative morphology, CPs introduced by ʔinna ban a verb from directly following the complementizer. Preverbal subjects in ʔinna clauses show accusative case marking, while postverbal subjects show nominative morphology. Previous research explains these restrictions as default case or Multiple Case Assignment, both problematic for Case Theory as they violate the Activation Principle. This dissertation explains word order and case effects of ʔinna within the framework of Phase Theory and Feature Inheritance (FI). Morphological, historical, and usage evidence point out that ʔinna‐type complementizers have verbal properties similar to illocutionary verbs. -
World Languages
WORLD LANGUAGES The courses described in this section are designed to help students learn to communicate effectively in a world language. Major emphasis is placed on developing students’ ability to comprehend what they hear and read and to express their thoughts orally and in writing. In addition to developing their communication skills, students will develop an awareness of and appreciation for other cultures. The world languages instructional program is designed to help students: • Understand an educated fluent speaker conversing about topics of general interest and speaking in such media as news broadcasts, plays, movies, and telecasts. • Speak fluently and comprehensibly on a range of topics. • Understand directly, without translating, the content of nontechnical writing, selected works of literature, and articles of general interest from periodicals. • Write comprehensibly for formal and informal purposes. • Develop awareness of the cultures of people speaking the world languages. At the elementary level, world languages instruction is given in magnet schools in the Spanish Language Immersion Magnets (SLIM) and the French Language Immersion Magnet (FLIM). At the secondary level, the modern world languages offered are Filipino, French, German, Portuguese, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Spanish. Latin is offered to students interested in the study of a classical language. American Sign Language also meets the high school graduation requirement for world languages and introduces the basic structure of the language and development of its use within the deaf culture. World Languages offerings vary from school to school in response to student interest, staff resources, and other factors. In all cases, however, curriculum and instruction are aligned with the foreign language standards adopted by the California Department of Education in January 2019 (found in this PDF document www.cde.ca.gov/be/st/ss/documents/wlstandards.pdf ), as well as the 2020 Foreign Language Framework for California Public Schools. -
Grammar of Urdu Or Hindustani.Pdf
OF THE URDU OR HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE. BY THE SAME AUTHOR. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 2s. 6d. HINDUSTANI EXERCISES. A Series of Passages and Extracts adapted for Translation into Hindustani. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 7s. IKHWANU-9 SAFA, OR BROTHERS OF PURITY. Translated from the Hindustani. "It has been the translator's object to adhere as closely as possible to the original text while rendering the English smooth and intelligible to the reader, and in this design he has been throughout successful." Saturday Review. GRAMMAR URDU OR HINDUSTANI LANGUAGE. JOHN DOWSON, M.R.A.S., LAT5 PROCESSOR OF HINDCSTANI, STAFF COLLEGE. Cfjtrfl (SBitton. LONDON : KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRUBNER & CO. L DRYDEN HOUSE, GERRARD STREET, W. 1908. [All riijhts reserved.] Printed by BALLANTYNK, HANSOM &* Co. At the Ballantyne Press, Edinburgh TABLE OF CONTENTS. PACK PREFACE . ix THE ALPHABET 1 Pronunciation . .5,217 Alphabetical Notation or Abjad . 1 7 Exercise in Reading . 18 THE AKTICLE 20 THE Nora- 20 Gender 21 Declension. ...... 24 Izafat 31 THE ADJECTIVE 32 Declension ...... 32 Comparison ... 33 PRONOUNS Personal. ...... 37 Demonstrative ...... 39 Respectful 40 Reflexive 41 Possessive 41 Relative and Correlative . .42 Interrogative . 42 Indefinite ....... 42 Partitive . 43 Compound. .43 VERB 45 Substantive and Auxiliary 46 Formation of . 46 Conjugation of Neuter Verbs . .49 Active Verbs . 54 Irregulars . .57 Hona 58 Additional Tenses . 60 2004670 CONTENTS. VERB (continued) Passive Verb ....... 62 Formation of Actives and Causals ... 65 Nominals 69 Intensives ..... 70 Potentials Completives . .72 Continuatives .... Desideratives ..... 73 Frequentatives .... 74 Inceptives . 75 Permissives Acquisitives . .76 Reiteratives ..... 76 ADVKRBS ......... 77 PREPOSITIONS 83 CONJUNCTIONS 90 INTERJECTIONS ....... 91 NUMERALS ......... 91 Cardinal 92 Ordinal 96 Aggregate 97 Fractional 97 Ralcam 98 Arabic 99 Persian 100 DERIVATION 101 Nouns of Agency . -
It's All “Dutch” to Me: a Crashcourse in the Sounds
J.D. Smith, Ph.D., Genealogist IT’S ALL “DUTCH” TO ME: A CRASHCOURSE IN THE SOUNDS OF GERMAN BACKGROUND The goal of this talk is to introduce the sounds of German, as well as basic linguistic concepts, to help participants further their German and German-American genealogy research. While not all of us are in the position to pick up a second language, learning the sounds of German is an easy way to develop your ear and think creatively about genealogical problems. We will do this first by learning the phonetics of spoken German, and second by applying that knowledge to English-language examples. With practice, participants can use these skills to recognize anglicized texts and spellings: a skill vital not only to tracking ancestors but also making efficient use of search engines and indexes. Why Take a Linguistics-Based Approach to German-American Genealogy? i. Written texts comprise the most common kinds of evidence we encounter day- to-day in genealogy. These texts are as much a history of language as they are of people, places, and events we wish to study. ii. It encourages you to think not only about a document’s content but more so its context: any number of factors can influence the shaping of a document via the author/speaker, audience, and also the genre/form of document itself. iii. Before 1930, large-scale efforts at documentation like the U. S. Federal Census were largely recorded by hand. Even birth registers, most often completed by county-level notaries, were handwritten. Name spelling in these documents was not prescriptive but rather descriptive. -
The Logical Linguistics
International Journal of Latest Research in Humanities and Social Science (IJLRHSS) Volume 01 - Issue 11, www.ijlrhss.com || PP. 10-48 The Logical Linguistics: Logic of Phonemes and Morae Contained in Speech Sound Stream and the Logic of Dichotomy and Dualism equipped in Neurons and Mobile Neurons Inside the Cerebrospinal Fluid in Ventricular System Interacting for the Unconscious Grammatical Processing and Constitute Meaning of Concepts. (A Molecular Level Bio-linguistic Approach) Kumon “Kimiaki” TOKUMARU Independent Researcher Abstract: This is an interdisciplinary integration on the origins of modern human language as well as the in- brain linguistic processing mechanism. In accordance with the OSI Reference Model, the author divides the entire linguistic procedure into logical layer activities inside the speaker‟s and listener‟s brains, and the physical layer phenomena, i.e. the speech sound stream or equivalent coded signals such as texts, broadcasting, telecommunications and bit data. The entire study started in 2007, when the author visitedthe Klasies River Mouth (KRM) Caves in South Africafor the first time, the oldest modern human site in the world.The archaeological excavation in 1967- 68 (Singer Wymer 1982) confirmed that (anatomically) modern humanshad lived inside the caves duringthe period120 – 60 Ka (thousand years ago), which overlaps with the timing of language acquisition, 75 Ka (Shima 2004). Following this first visitIstarted an interdisciplinary investigation into linguistic evolution and the in- brain processing mechanism of language through reading various books and articles. The idea that the human language is digital was obtained unexpectedly. The Naked-Mole Rats (Heterocephalus glaber) are eusocial and altruistic. They live underground tunnel in tropical savanna of East Africa. -
Exaptation, Grammaticalization, and Reanalysis
Heiko Narrog Tohoku University Exaptation, Grammaticalization, and Reanalysis Abstract The goal of this paper is to argue that exaptation, as introduced into the study of language change by Lass (1990, 1997), in specific functional domains, is a limited alternative to grammaticalization. Exaptation, similarly to grammaticalization, leads to the formation of grammatical elements. Like grammaticalization, exaptation is based on the mechanism of reanalysis. It decisively differs from grammaticalization, however, as it implies change in the opposite direction, namely from material absorbed in the lexicon back to grammatical material. Two sets of data are presented as evidence for the replicability of this process. One involves the occurrence of exaptation across languages in a specific semantic domain, namely, the evolution of morphological causatives out of lexical verb patterns. The other data pertain to recurrent processes of exaptation in one language, namely in Japanese, where exaptation figures in the development of various morphological categories. In all cases of exaptation, reanalysis is crucially involved. This serves to show that reanalysis may be more fundamental to grammatical change than both grammaticalization and exaptation. Furthermore, it allows for change both with the usual directionality of grammaticalization and against it. 1. Introduction Even detractors of grammaticalization theory do not seriously challenge the fact that in the majority of cases the morphosyntactic and semantic development of grammatical material follows the paths outlined in the standard literature on grammaticalization. The two following California Linguistic Notes Volume XXXII No. 1 Winter, 2007 2 issues, however, potentially pose a critical challenge to the validity of the theory. First, there is the question of the theoretical status of grammaticalization as a coherent and unique concept. -
<Strong><Em>English Grammar for Students of Japanese
UCLA Issues in Applied Linguistics Title English Grammar for Students of Japanese (The Study Guide for Those Learning Japanese) by Mutsuko Endo Hudson. Ann Arbor: The Olivia and Hill Press, 1994 vii + 204 pp. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/29p5w1zb Journal Issues in Applied Linguistics, 5(2) ISSN 1050-4273 Author Mishina, Satomi Publication Date 1994-12-30 DOI 10.5070/L452005194 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California English Grammar for Students of Japanese (The Study Guide for Those Learning Japanese) by Mutsuko Endo Hudson. Ann Arbor: The Olivia and Hill Press, 1994 vii + 204 pp. Reviewed by Satomi Mishina University of California, Los Angeles English Grammar for Students ofJapanese provides a concise explanation of the key concepts and terminology of English and Japanese grammar. The title of this book may be somewhat misleading, since Hudson does not necessarily emphasize the grammar of English, but rather affords equal emphasis to the grammars of both English and Japanese. The description of English grammar and the contrastive presentation of the two grammar systems are intended to help students learning Japanese to understand its basic grammatical notions in hght of the grammar of their own native language, which, the author assumes, faciUtates the understanding of a foreign language grammar. The grammar points are addressed in separate chapters in the following basic order: parts of speech (e.g., nouns, verbs), inflections, various sentence level phenomena (e.g., subject, topic), sentence type (e.g., affirmative vs. negative, declarative vs. interrogative), tense (e.g., present tense, past tense), voice (e.g., active, passive), and types of clauses (e.g., conditional clauses, relative clauses).