GE Flywheel UPS

GE Industrial Solutions ES Group / UPS Solutions GE Flywheel UPS

Flywheel Energy

Using…

An Integrated Solution Key Drivers that Makes GE Flywheel UPS Attractive

Low Total Cost of Ownership / Flywheel 20 Year Life Fully GE Tested & Integrated w/UPS Module Small Footprint / High KW per Sq Ft Green Sustainable Energy Storage Limited Ambient Cooling Needs Reduced Maintenance Costs High Efficiency – Both UPS and Flywheel Simple Installation

Page 2 Flywheel UPS - Numerous Great Fit Applications

Segment Application Trends/Needs

Datacenter IT Support Higher Ambient Temps, Spatial Software Redundancy, Less UPS Backup Time, Scalability, Green Initiatives, TCO Importance Industrial PLC, Robotics, Short Term Power Quality Critical Control Improvement; Prevention of Process Systems Process Downtime Healthcare Imaging Short Term Power Quality Equipment Improvement; Prevention of Ruined Scans Casinos Operations Continuous Operations for Support Security and IT Subsystems during short term power issues Broadcast Digital Continuous Broadcast TV Transmitters Operations during short term power issues

Page 3 Flywheel UPS - Existing Customer Examples

Production started in 2003. Over 1000 Flywheels Installed with over 12 Million Field Cycles of Operation Page 4 Applicable GE UPS Modules for Flywheels

Series TLE HighPower UPS 200-1000kva Modules, 480/277VAC, UL, 60Hz 160-800kva Modules, 400/230VAC, CE, 50Hz Transformerless Topology Efficiency Up To 97% ; With Ecomode Up to 99% Parallel Up To 6 Flywheels Unity Output Power Factor per UPS Module 3-Level IGBT Technology

Series TLE MidPower UPS 50-150kva Modules, 480/277VAC, UL, 60Hz* 60-120kva Modules, 400/230VAC, CE, 50Hz Transformerless Topology Efficiency Up To 96% ; With Ecomode Up to 99% Unity Output Power Factor 3-Level IGBT Technology

Series SG MidPower UPS 50-300kva Modules, 480/277VAC, UL, 60Hz * TLE MidPower 60Hz available 2017 60-600kva Modules, 400/230VAC, CE, 50Hz Output Isolation Transformer Topology Efficiency Up To 94% ; Ecomode on some models Output Power Factor 0.80-0.90 2-Level IGBT Technology

Page 5 GE Flywheel Module Overview

Max Power Rating: • 300kW 75” tall Flywheel Energy (1905mm) Max Energy Storage Rating: • Standard Flywheel: 4000kW secs 30” wide • Enhanced Flywheel: 6000kW secs (762mm) Rotational Speed: • Standard Flywheel: 24,500-36,750 RPM 30” deep (762mm) • Enhanced Flywheel: 14,000-36,750 RPM Footprint / Weight: • 6.25 sq ft (0.58m²) • 1783 lbs (794kg) • Height to match TLE UPS >150kva • Rolls on Casters Standard Features Include: • DC Internal Breaker • Top or Bottom Cable Entry • Touch Screen GUI Options Include: • MODBUS, SNMP comm • Customer Interface Board

Page 6 Inside the GE Flywheel Assembly

Redundant Fans IGBT Bi-Directional Converter

Magnetic Levitation Control Flywheel Module Module (MBC)

Redundant Power Supplies DC Breaker

Flywheel Controller Module

Vacuum Pump

Top or Bottom Cable Entry

Page 7 Next Generation Flywheel Module Design

Mechanical Battery – stores energy by spinning a mass, producing high power output Dual Mode Motor Generator – converts Rotor kinetic into electricity with fast recharge Permanent Magnet capability Stator Five-Axis Active Magnetic Levitation – Housing Dual Mode Vacuum environment Motor/Generator eliminates any bearing maintenance, no friction losses. Hub High Power Density / 300kW 4340 Aerospace steel Scalable to 6 Units on a UPS Magnetic 99.4% Efficient Bearings 36,750 RPM High Speed Fully active 5-Axis 20 Year Life / Low Maintenance Air Cooled Sample Screens of Touch Screen Color GUI Flywheel - Simplified Power/Control Diagram

DC AC

IGBT Power Converter

Soft Start 3Phase To UPS AC Module DC Input

DC Monitoring Motor Generator Controls Magnetic Levitation Controller Power Conversion Module Controller

User GUI Page 10 Flywheel UPS for Power Anomaly Application Power Protection for short term power problems

Will ride-thru short term power issues such as: Sags Surges Spikes Brownouts Switching Transients GE UPS System Utility Rectifier Inverter Critical AC AC/DC DC/AC AC Output

DC AC Time Line - Utility Outage to Alternate Source Pickup

2 sec . 6 sec . 2 sec . 2 to 15 min. Flywheel Support Time Utility Outage

GE Flywheel

* Note: Batteries could take 100+ min Page 11 to recharge, to 95% capacity RP Flywheel UPS for Continuous Power Application Standby GenSet picks up load before Flywheel runtime depleted

For typical applications where Standby GenSet(s) come online in Genset Start Signal 10 seconds or less. GenSet AC GE UPS System

Automatic Rectifier Inverter Critical Transfer Switch AC/DC DC/AC AC Output

Utility AC DC AC Time Line - Utility Outage to Alternate Source Pickup

20-50sec Flywheel Support Time

2 sec . 6 sec . 2 sec . 2 to 15 min. Utility Outage

GE Flywheel

* Note: Batteries could take 100+ min Page 12 to recharge, to 95% capacity RP Flywheel UPS for Battery Life Extension Application Flywheel extends life of UPS Batteries

Genset AC GE UPS System

Automatic Rectifier Inverter Critical Transfer Switch AC/DC DC/AC AC Output

Utility DC Paralleling Cabinet AC

Flywheel absorbs short duration disturbances, reducing battery cycles thus increasing battery life

Flywheel provides voltage support eliminating whiplash and Coup de Fouet drop in UPS DC Bus voltage

GE Flywheel VRLA Batteries Page 13 Parallel Flywheel Operation

Genset AC GE UPS System

Automatic Rectifier Inverter Critical Transfer Switch AC/DC DC/AC AC Output

Utility DC Paralleling Cabinet (see next slide) AC Flywheel Energy Flywheel Energy Flywheel Energy

Parallel for either higher capacity (power), run time or redundancy No communication required for paralleling due to “droop” sharing methodology

GE Flywheels Page 14 DC Paralleling Cabinet

Suggested when paralleling 3 or more flywheels To UPS Module DC Cable Landing Area Offers isolation of a flywheel for maintenance Reduces number of cables onto UPS Module DC landing which may not have room for all cables All branch breakers are 250A DC Can add Main DC breaker if desired

To Flywheels

Page 15 GE Flywheel UPS – Why Select GE?

Vycon sells their flywheel product to Schneider, Eaton, Vertiv, Socomec, Riello, Toshiba, and Mitsubishi. So why is the GE Solution bring higher value? GE-Branded & Fully Supported One Point Responsibility. No Finger Pointing Full Testing/Validation of numerous configurations Fault & Short Circuit Testing Product & Firmware Mods to maximize operation and reliability RoHs, REACH Compliance EHS, Cyber Security Compliance Matching Cab height/color to TLE GE Labeled GUI display screens Docs & Product Revision Controls Service Team Cooperations Integrated 1 Year warranty

NOTE: GE UPS Module Warranty is valid for use with Vycon Flywheels only RP Page 16 Flywheel vs Battery Comparisons

Page 17 Flywheel vs VRLA Battery Comparison

VRLA & GE Flywheel Lithium Ion Battery

Maintenance Minimal / Annual Frequent / Quarterly HVAC Costs None High Availability (MTBF) >50,000 hrs (see next slide) >2,000-8,000 hrs Life Expectation 20 yrs 3-5 yrs (V), 6-8 yrs (L-I) Max Operating Temperature 104 degr F, 40 degr C 77 degr F, 25 degr C (V) Installation Cost Low Med to High Hazardous Materials None Yes Toxic & Explosive Gas Emissions None Yes Footprint Small Large (V) ; Medium (L-I) Diagnostics / Monitoring Accurate Speculative (V) ; Required (L-I) Disposal Requirements None Yes

OSHA RequirementsOSRequirements None FrequentRequired Often/ Quarterly Reports

Page 18 Flywheels vs Batteries – Size, Hazards

Wet Cell Batteries VRLA Batteries Example: 1200kW Example: 300kW

Wet Cell Batteries

Flywheels

VRLA Flywheel Batteries

Page 19 Carbon Footprint / Sustainability

Utilizing Flywheel energy storage systems reduces the carbon footprint as compared to a 5 minute Battery Plant by an astounding 95%.

1000KW UPS Comparison VRLA Battery Plant GE Flywheel

Embedded Carbon Emissions (CO 2 / kg) 1.14 2.70 Energy Storage for 1MW UPS 6 Cabinets/Strings 4x300kw Flywheels Total Energy Storage Weight (kg) 14,693 1,297

Total Embedded Carbon (kg CO 2) 16,750 4,810 15 Year Energy Storage Replacement 3 Times 0 Times

Total 15 Year Lifecycle Embedded Carbon (kg CO 2) 67,000 4,810

10,000lbs of Lead / Acid 200lbs of Steel

Which is more sustainable for our planet?

Page 20 15 Year TCO…. Flywheel vs VRLA Batteries

15Yr TOC ($K)

Flywheel for 150kva UPS $95K (1 flywheel)

Batteries for 150kva UPS $115K (1 string)

Flywheel for 250kva UPS $95K (1 flywheel)

$180K (2 strings) Batteries for 250kva UPS

$190K (2 flywheels) Flywheel for 500kva UPS

$380K Batteries for 500kva UPS (4 strings)

$0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400

Capex Install Yrs 1-4 Maint Yr 5 Repl Yrs 5-9 Maint Yr 10 Repl Yrs 10-14 Maint Yr 15 Repl

Assumptions: 1. Annual Maintenance: 1 PM/Yr Flywheel , 2 PM/Yr Batteries 2. Runtime: Flywheel 15-30sec support, Battery System, 8-12min support 3. Battery Replacements include jars, installation, disposal costs 4. Flywheel extra energy costs offset by Battery higher cooling costs 15 Year TCO…. Flywheel vs Lithium Ion Batteries

15Yr TOC ($K)

Flywheel for 150kva UPS $95K (1 flywheel)

$139K (1 string) Batteries for 150kva UPS

Flywheel for 250kva UPS $95K (1 flywheel)

$205K (2 strings) Batteries for 250kva UPS

$190K (2 flywheels) Flywheel for 500kva UPS

$440K Batteries for 500kva UPS (4 strings)

$0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250 $300 $350 $400 $450

Capex Install Yrs 1-4 Maint Yr 5 Repl Yrs 5-9 Maint Yr 10 Repl Yrs 10-14 Maint Yr 15 Repl

Page 23 Flywheel Runtime Charts

Page 24 TLE Flywheel UPS – 60Hz 480VAC

Enhanced Flywheel Backup Time: TLE UPS, 480V 60Hz GE UPS 50kva* 80kva* 100kva* 120kva* 150kva* 225kva 250kva 400kva 500kva 750kva 1000kva Models UPS kW 50 80 100 120 150 225 250 400 500 750 1000 # of Flywheels ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ 1 113 72 57 45 33 19 16

2 140 111 92 75 48 43 22 15

3 75 68 40 28 15

4 87 55 42 24 15

5 69 55 33 22

6 42 28 * Denoted TLE kva module ratings available in 2017

Standard Flywheel Backup Time: TLE UPS, 480V 60Hz GE UPS 50kva* 80kva* 100kva* 120kva* 150kva* 225kva 250kva 400kva 500kva 750kva 1000kva Models kW 50 80 100 120 150 225 250 400 500 750 1000 # of Flywheels ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ 1 71 44 35 29 22 15 12

2 87 70 58 46 32 28 16 12

3 48 43 26 21 12

4 58 35 28 18 12

5 45 35 23 16

6 28 20 * Denoted TLE kva module ratings available in 2017 Page 25 TLE Flywheel UPS – 50Hz 400VAC

Enhanced Flywheel Backup Time: TLE UPS, 400V 50Hz GE UPS 60kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 160kva 200kva 320kva 400kva 600kv a 800kva Models kW 60 80 100 120 160 200 320 400 600 800 # of Flywheels ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 1 94 72 57 45 32 23

2 140 111 92 71 56 31 22

3 103 83 51 40 22

4 69 55 33 22

5 69 45 30

6 55 39

Standard Flywheel Backup Time: TLE UPS, 400V 50Hz GE UPS 60kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 160kva 200kva 320kva 400kva 600kva 800k va Models kW 60 80 100 120 160 200 320 400 600 800 # of Flywheels ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 1 59 44 35 29 23 17

2 87 70 58 46 36 22 16

3 69 55 33 26 16

4 45 35 23 16

5 45 29 21

6 35 26 Page 26 SG Flywheel UPS – 60Hz 480VAC

Enhanced Flywheel Backup Time: SG UPS, 480V 60Hz GE UPS Models 50kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 150kva 225kva 300kva kW 40 64 80 96 120 202 270 # of Flywheels ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 1 142 88 71 59 45 22

2 174 139 115 91 54 39

3 81 62

4 80

Standard Flywheel Backup Time: SG UPS, 480V 60Hz GE UPS 50kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 150kva 225kva 300kva Models kW 40 64 80 96 120 202 270 # of Flywheels ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ 1 94 58 46 38 30 16

2 115 92 76 60 35 26

3 53 40

4 53

6 Page 27 SG Flywheel UPS – 50Hz 400VAC

Enhanced Flywheel Backup Time: SG UPS, 400V 50Hz GE UPS 60kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 160kva 200kva 250kva 300kva 400kva 500kva 600kva Models kW 54 72 90 108 128 180 225 270 360 450 540 # of Flywheels ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ 1 103 79 63 51 35 25 17

2 155 123 101 77 62 48 38 24 17

3 114 91 74 62 44 32 24

4 96 80 61 47 37

5 76 61 49

6 61

Standard Flywheel Backup Time: SG UPS, 400V 50Hz GE UPS 60kva 80kva 100kva 120kva 160kva 200kva 250kva 300kva 400kva 500kva 600kva Models kW 54 72 90 108 128 160 225 270 360 450 540 # of Flywheels ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ 1 65 48 37 32 23 18 14

2 97 77 64 48 38 30 24 18 13

3 72 57 45 37 27 21 17

4 60 50 37 29 24

5 47 37 30

6 37 Page 28 End of Presentation

Page 29 External GE Flywheel vs Integrated Flywheel Comparisons

NOTE: This section compares GE’s Flywheel UPS versus any competitor with Line Interactive UPS Power Electronics and an internal/integral flywheel. Not all competitors use this topology.

Page 30 Flywheel UPS Design Comparison – Power Protection

GE Double Conversion UPS w/External Flywheel Line Interactive UPS w/Integrated Flywheel

Maximum Minimal Power Power Quality Quality Support Support

Extra Protection

Page 31 Flywheel UPS Design Comparison - Technology

GE Double Conversion UPS w/External Flywheel Line Interactive UPS w/Integrated Flywheel

GEDouble Conversion UPS Line Interactive UPS GE Double Conversion Benefit Dbl Conv Mode Eff up to 97% Line Interactive Eff up to 97% GE Flexibility in Operating Modes maximizes Eco Mode Eff up to 99% operating efficiency

High Input Power Factor, 0.98-0.99 Input Power Factor dependent on Input Voltage & Load Constant High Input Power Factor to Example: 400VAC/0.90pf Load = 0.99pf Input maximize sizing of Input Feeder 430VAC/0.90pf Load = 0.70pf Input Insensitive to frequency drift by the Issues with frequency drift of generator. Frequency kept at 60HZ. Does not require FW standby generator. Frequency held Will deplete Flywheel energy if outside preset limits energy to operate when outside preset limits at 60HZ Wide Input Voltage Range before Narrow Input Voltage Range (+10, -15%) before Less reliance on Flywheel /Batteries so switching to DC Energy support switching to DC Energy support component life is extended

Page 32 Flywheel UPS Design Comparison – Key Benefits

GE Double Conversion UPS w/External Flywheel Line Interactive UPS w/Integrated Flywheel

GEUPS w/External Flywheel UPS w/Internal-Integrated Flywheel Key Benefit of GE Flywheel UPS

Can take Flywheel in parallel bank off-line without Must take down entire UPS System More Maintenance Flexibility affecting overall UPS operation

No downtime for Flywheel Preventative Maintenance Must use Utility Bypass for Flywheel Zero downtime for PMs No need to go to Maintenance Bypass.

Add Flywheels for capacity or redundancy at any Must add entire UPS module to get System Cost and Footprint savings time additional runtime , as Flywheels are integral

Operate Flywheel in parallel with Batteries for Cannot add batteries Battery Hardening prolongs battery life; system hardening and extended support time Redundant DC energy storage.

Page 33 Flywheel UPS Design Comparison – Internal Flywheel

GE Double Conversion UPS w/External Flywheel Line Interactive UPS w/Integrated Flywheel

AC Flywheel

DC Flywheel

GEExternal Flywheel Competitor’s InternalFlywheel Key Benefit of GE Flywheel

High Speed. Low Mass Design Low Speed, Large Mass Design Hi Speed provides more energy/runtime

Permanent Magnet Motor Homo-polar Motor Design No External Power Source to generate electrical field 5-Axis Full Magnetic Levitation Mechanical Ball Bearings/Magnetic Bearing Minimizes friction losses

No Mechanical Bearings Bearing Replacements required every 3-5yrs. No Maintenance Costs ; No Downtime 8hr downtime during bearing changeout. Page 34