Public Art Journal Cadernos De Arte Pública
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CAP Cadernos de Arte Pública Public Art Journal Public Art Research, Aims and networks Vol. 2 / Nº 2 Urbancreativity.org Title: Cadernos de Arte Pública CAP - Public Art Journal Editor: Pedro Soares Neves Co-editor: José Guilherme Abreu UCP/ CITAR coord. R3iAP Lisbon, December 2020 ISSN (Print): 2184-6197 ISSN (Online): 2184-8157 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial 4.0 International License. You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. You may not use the material for commercial purposes. Table of contents Public Art Research, aims and networks 4 Editorial, José Guilherme Abreu UCP/ CITAR coord. R3iAP Articles José Guilherme Abreu , UCP/ CITAR coord. R3iAP, Portugal 6 Letter on statuary and power. Statues as political statements Carme Grandas, Institut d’Estudis Catalans, Catalan Society of Historical Researches Some considerations on the construction of Public Art Networks 34 Pedro de Andrade, University of Minho, Communication and Society Research Centre 57 Cultural Resistance To Covid-19: An Encyclopedia of Public Art for Artists and Tourism Publics? P. Moreira, E. Vieira, J. G. Abreu, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CITAR, CBQF Insights for the endorsement of a holistic approach for public sculpture research: the BIONANOSCULP project 75 Yuliia Shemenova Department of Fine Arts of the Institute of Arts of Borys Grinchenko Kyiv University, Ukraine The theme of Judaica in the mural art of Poland (on the example of the murals of the cities of Krakow and Lodz) 87 Frederico Alves Caiafa, PhD Candidate, IHA/NOVA FCSH] 97 Pixa Bixa: uma reflexão sobre arte urbana queer e o artivismo em Lisboa Miguel Ángel Chaves Martín, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Commemorative monuments in Rome (1870-1911): images and symbols of the new capital 105 Sónia da Rocha, PhD Candidate, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CITAR 119 VIArtes – Ressonâncias entre a Arte Pública e o Património Essays/ Review José Francisco Alves, CIEBA, FBAUL 130 A nova onda de derrubada das estátuas Svann Langguth, RWTH Aachen at the Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia 134 Some guesswork on a cultural expression: Signs on the wall Pedro Soares Neves, CIEBA/FBAUL, ITI/LARSyS Recensão do livro Arte(s) Urbana(s) 146 Editorial José Guilherme Abreu – UCP/CITAR Co-editor of Volume 2 of CAP Public Art Research. Aims and networks Since 20th century’s last decades, public art, and its young- Obviously, these aims are not supposed to be achieved by a est expression, street art, have been obtaining increasing couple of articles in a single journal. So, let me express our impact on non-specialized audiences, and gaining greater goals in a most humble way, as Hannah Arendt did, when attention by critics and other specialists, for public art is she said that “what I propose, therefore, is very simple: it the artistic discipline “that characterizes best the manifes- is nothing more than to think what we are doing.” (Arendt, tations of the last third of the 20th century” (Maderuelo, 1958:5) 2000:240). Nowadays, there is no urban improvement, no architec- Bibliography: tonic iconic intervention, no landscape project, no heritage revitalization initiative that do not have, as its expected ARENDT, H. (1958) The Human Condition, Chicago: Uni- consequence, public space redesign and public art display. versity of Chicago Press Meant as one of the main urban regeneration tools, public ARMAJANI, S. (1995), Manifesto Public Sculpture in the th art has been contributing to transform the 20 century in- Context of American Democracy, In, AA.VV., Reading Spac- dustrial-functional city into the convivial cities of post-in- es, Barcelona: MACBA, pp. 111-114 dustrial era (Miles, 1997). MADERUELO, J. (2000) O Fenómeno da Arte nos Espaços Present in art schools and university curricula, where it Públicos, In, AA.VV, Espaço Público e a Interdisciplinarida- engages increasing advanced studies, when talking about de. Lisboa: CPD, pp. 240-248 Public Art now, we think the time has come to gather, to an- alyze and to reflect upon what has been done, in order to MILES, M. (1997) Art Space and the City. Public art and ur- generate new synthesis, about what this novel, and yet very ban futures. New York: Routledge old domain, has achieved. Engaging Public Art a progressive ideario (Armajani, 1995), has anything carrying social relevance really changed in our cities? Did public art succeed in catalyzing meaning to our common ground of interaction? How do social sciences assess the outcomes of globalized public space aestheti- cal gaze and use? And talking about meaning, is public art fostering social inclusion of multi-ethnic minorities and avant-garde thinking or action? As all utopian project, is public art inspiring the creation of new and more rewarding goals to our culture? 4 CAP - Journal V2 - N2 Public Art Research, aims and networks Scientific Committee António Candeias - Universidade de Évora Carme Grandas - Institut d’Estudis Catalans, Catalan Society of Historical Researches Drea Howenstein - School of the Art Institute of Chicago Giselle Beiguelman - Universidade de São Paulo Inês Marques - Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias – Hei-Lab José Francisco Alves - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Jesús Pedro Lorente - Universidad de Zaragoza Laura Castro - Universidade Católica do Porto - CITAR Margarida Brito Alves - Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities FCSH/ NOVA Mechtild Widrich - School of the Art Institute of Chicago Miguel Ángel Chaves Martín - Universidad Complutense de Madrid Pedro Andrade - Universidade do Minho Rita Ochoa - University of Beira Interior Robert Burstow - University of Derby Ruth Fazakerley - University of South Australia Co - Editor - José Guilherme Abreu - UCP/ CITAR coord. R3iAP Editor - Pedro Soares Neves, University of Lisbon Faculty of Fine Arts / Artistic Studies Research Centre (CIEBA/FBAUL) Associate Laboratory of Robotics and Engineering Systems / Interactive Technologies Institute (ITI/LARSyS) Contact and information [email protected] Urbancreativity.org 5 Articles Letter on statuary and power. Statues as political statements José Guilherme Abreu UCP/ CITAR coord. R3iAP, Portugal Through this attention to the activity of memorialization, we might also remind that public memory is constructed, that understanding of events depends on memory’s construction, and that there are worldly consequences in the kinds of historical understanding generated by monuments. James E. Young, The texture of memory, p. 15 Etymological approach Statuary, statue and statute all derive from the Latin verb In fact, the word monument derives from Latin nom statuere, meaning “to cause, to stand, to set up”, whose root monumentum, meaning “something that reminds”, which comes from the nom status, meaning “standing, position”. derivates from the verb monere, meaning “to remind, bring to (one’s) recollection, tell (of).”2 However, if we decide to look for even older origins, we will find out that all these words derive from the Proto-Indo- Being political statements, statues stand always for some European root stā-, meaning “to stand, set down, make or kind of apologetic narrative. Being historical testimonies, be firm.”1 monuments are dispositives meant to prevent the obliteration of memory, and appear as some kind of cult, So, from an extremely remote past, two main ideas are seeking eternity. deeply inscribed in the meaning of these words: On one hand, statues engage and promote coeval political 1 - The idea of something that is meant to be raised readings, as if their presence could assure that the facts, 2 - The idea of something that is meant to be established or narratives, they proclaim remain most effective. On the Of course, both ideas converge in the meaning of something other, monuments appear as archeological facts, as if their that is presented or shown as a sign or a symbol, for the presence would not implicate any statement about the adoption of some kind of principle or law. adoption of the principles or the values which were coeval to the time the monument refers to. In this sense, one may say that statues always stand for some kind of statement. Through the image of heroes, In brief, being both statues and monuments symbolic leaders, rulers, discoverers, philanthropes, scholars, dispositives, statues denote an active role, while literates, artists, etc., they embody values, and through monuments denote essentially a passive one. those values, they proclaim some kind of order, which in That is the reason why the tribune of the stadium where the end has necessarily political implications and produce Nazi rallies took place still exists, while any statue of Adolph social repercussions. Hitler, nor even in theory, will never stand in any public While statues may be part of monuments, statues and place, as we may infer by the story of an Adolf Hitler’s head monuments refer to different meanings, fulfill diverse roles that had been transported to the United States, as it is and stand for distinct goals, as once again the etymology explained in an American journal: helps us to understand. 1 - On this matter, vide Online Etymology Dictionary: https://www. 2 - On this matter, vide Online Etymology Dictionary: https://www. etymonline.com/search?q=statue etymonline.com/search?q=monument 6 CAP - Journal V2 - N2 Public Art Research, aims and networks The story was that she had been contacted by the What is a statue? The mummy first. […] widow of an American army officer who had served The statue is a black box: open it and you will see at the Nuremberg trials and who had “borrowed” a death before you. (Serres, 1987: 328) bust of Hitler from the courthouse in 1946, taking Besides that, the dialectical opposition between statuary it back to the USA as a war souvenir. When he and monumentality is not only present in modern times.