Brevum Curriculum Vitae - ALAN FEDUCCIA (2013)
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Thinking with Birds: Mary Elizabeth Barber's Advocacy for Gender
Thinking with Birds: Mary Elizabeth Barber’s Advocacy for Gender Equality in Ornithology TANJA HAMMEL Department of History, University of Basel This article explores parts of the first South African woman ornithologist’s life and work. It concerns itself with the micro-politics of Mary Elizabeth Barber’s knowledge of birds from the 1860s to the mid-1880s. Her work provides insight into contemporary scientific practices, particularly the importance of cross-cultural collaboration. I foreground how she cultivated a feminist Darwinism in which birds served as corroborative evidence for female selection and how she negotiated gender equality in her ornithological work. She did so by constructing local birdlife as a space of gender equality. While male ornithologists naturalised and reinvigorated Victorian gender roles in their descriptions and depictions of birds, she debunked them and stressed the absence of gendered spheres in bird life. She emphasised the female and male birds’ collaboration and gender equality that she missed in Victorian matrimony, an institution she harshly criticised. Reading her work against the background of her life story shows how her personal experiences as wife and mother as well as her observation of settler society informed her view on birds, and vice versa. Through birds she presented alternative relationships to matrimony. Her protection of insectivorous birds was at the same time an attempt to stress the need for a New Woman, an aspect that has hitherto been overlooked in studies of the transnational anti-plumage -
Observebserve a D Dinosaurinosaur
OOBSERVEBSERVE A DDINOSAURINOSAUR How did ancient dinosaurs move and behave? To fi nd out, paleontologists look for clues in fossils, such as fossilized footprints, eggs, and even dung. They also observe and analyze the movement and behavior of living dinosaurs and other animals. These data help paleontologists interpret the fossil evidence. You can also observe living dinosaurs. Go outdoors to fi nd birds in their natural habitat. (Or you can use online bird videos, such as the Cornell Lab of Ornithology’s video gallery at www.birds.cornell.edu/AllAboutBirds/ BirdGuide/VideoGallery.html) 1. Record Your Observations What Evidence IndiCates In a notebook, fi rst record information That Birds Are Dinosaurs? about the environment: Over 125 years ago, paleontologists made a startling discovery. They • Date and Time recognized that the physical characteristics of modern birds and a • Location and Habitat species of small carnivorous dinosaur were alike. • Weather and temperature Take a look at the skeletons of roadrunner (a modern bird) and Coelophysis (an extinct dinosaur) to explore some of these shared Then observe a bird and record: characteristics. Check out the bones labeled on the roadrunner. • How does the bird move? Can you fi nd and label similar bones on the Coelophysis? • What does the bird eat? ROADRUNNER • Is the bird alone or in a group? S-shaped neck • How does the bird behave with Hole in hip socket members of its species? • How does the bird behave with members of other species? V-shaped furcula Pubis bone in hip (wishbone) points backwards Tips: • Weather conditions can affect how animals behave. -
BIRDING— Fun and Science by Phyllis Mcintosh
COM . TOCK S HUTTER © S © BIRDING— Fun and Science by Phyllis McIntosh For passionate birdwatcher Sandy Komito of over age 16 say they actively observe and try to iden- Fair Lawn, New Jersey, 1998 was a big year. In a tify birds, although few go to the extremes Komito tight competition with two fellow birders to see as did. About 88 percent are content to enjoy bird many species as possible in a single year, Komito watching in their own backyards or neighborhoods. traveled 270,000 miles, crisscrossing North Amer- More avid participants plan vacations around ica and voyaging far out to sea to locate rare and their hobby and sometimes travel long distances to elusive birds. In the end, he set a North American view a rare species and add it to their lifelong list of record of 748 species, topping his own previous birds spotted. Many birdwatchers, both casual and record of 726, which had stood for 11 years. serious, also function as citizen scientists, provid- Komito and his fellow competitors are not alone ing valuable data to help scientists monitor bird in their love of birds. According to a U.S. Fish and populations and create management guidelines to Wildlife Service survey, about one in five Americans protect species in decline. 36 2 0 1 4 N UMBER 1 | E NGLISH T E ACHING F ORUM Birding Basics The origins of bird watching in the United States date back to the late 1800s when conserva- tionists became concerned about the hunting of birds to supply feathers for the fashion industry. -
Beginning Birdwatching 2021 Resource List
Beginning Birdwatching 2021 Resource List Field Guides and how-to Birds of Illinois-Sheryl Devore and Steve Bailey The New Birder’s Guide to Birds of North America-Bill Thompson III Sibley’s Birding Basics-David Sibley Peterson Guide to Bird Identification-in 12 Steps-Howell and Sullivan Clubs and Organizations Chicago Ornithological Society-www.chicagobirder.org DuPage Birding Club-www.dupagebirding.org Evanston-North Shore Bird Club-www.ensbc.org Illinois Audubon Society-www.illinoisaudubon.org Will, Kane, Lake Cook county Audubon chapters (and others in Illinois) Illinois Ornithological Society-www.illinoisbirds.org Illinois Young Birders-(ages 9-18) monthly field trips and yearly symposiums Wild Things Conference 2021 American Birding Association- aba.org On-line Resources Cornell Lab of Ornithology All About Birds, eBird, Birdcast Radar, Macaulay Library (sounds), Youtube series: Inside Birding: Shape, Habitat, Behavior DuPage Birding Club-Youtube channel, Mini-tutorials, Bird-O-Bingo card, DuPage hot spot descriptions Facebook: Illinois Birding Network, Illinois Rare Bird Alert, World Girl Birders, Raptor ID, What’s this Bird? Birdnote-can subscribe for informative, weekly emails-also Podcast Birdwatcher’s Digest podcasts: Out There With the Birds, Birdsense Podcasts: Laura Erickson’s For the Birds, Ray Brown’s Talkin’ Birds, American Birding Podcast (ABA) Blog: Jeff Reiter’s “Words on Birds” (meet Jeff on his monthly walks at Cantigny, see DuPage Birding Club website for schedule) Illinois Birding by County-countywiki.ilbirds.com -
Alan Feduccia's Riddle of the Feathered Dragons: What Reptiles
Leigh Evolution: Education and Outreach 2014, 7:9 http://www.evolution-outreach.com/content/7/1/9 BOOK REVIEW Open Access Alan Feduccia’s Riddle of the Feathered Dragons: what reptiles gave rise to birds? Egbert Giles Leigh Jr Riddle of the Feathered Dragons: Hidden Birds of China, properly. This is a great pity, for his story is wonderful: by Alan Feduccia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, his birds would have made a far better focus for this 2012. Pp. x + 358. H/b $55.00 book than the dispute. This book’s author is at home in the paleontology, So, what is this dispute that spoiled the book? The anatomy, physiology, and behavior of birds. Who could scientific argument is easily summarized. It started be more qualified to write on their origin and evolution? when a paleontologist from Yale University, John Ostrom, This book is unusually, indeed wonderfully, well and unearthed a 75-kg bipedal theropod dinosaur, Deinonychus, clearly illustrated: its producers cannot be praised too buried 110 million years ago in Montana. Deinonychus highly. It is well worth the while of anyone interested in stood a meter tall, and its tail was 1.5 m long. It was active: bird evolution to read it. Although it offers no answers Ostrom thought that both it and Archaeopteryx,which to ‘where birds came from’, it has God’s plenty of fascin- lived 40 million years earlier, were warm-blooded. Deinony- ating, revealing detail, knit together in powerful criticism chus bore many skeletal resemblances to Archaeopteryx, of prevailing views of bird evolution. -
Ment for Advanoed Ornithology (Zoology 119) at the University of Michigan Biological Station, Cheboygan, Michigan
THE LIFE HISTORY THE RUBY-THROATED HUMBBIHGBIRD .by -- J, Reuben Sandve Minneapolis, Minnesota A report of an original field study conduotsd aa a require- ment for Advanoed Ornithology (Zoology 119) at the University of Michigan Biological Station, Cheboygan, Michigan. +4 f q3 During the summer of 1943 while at the Univereity of Michigan Biological Station in Cheboygam County, Michigan, I was afforded fhe opportunity of making eon8 observations- - on the nesting habits of the Ruby-throated Hummingbird (Archl- lochue colubrie). Observations were carried on far a two week period starting July 7 when a nest with two young waa . discovered and terminating on July 21, on whloh day the young left the nest. Although obeerrafions on a number of nests would have been more satiefaotory, no attempt was mMe to find additional nests both because of the latenese of the seaeon and the unlikehihood of finding any withln the Station area. The purpoae of this study has been to gain further in- formation on a necessarily limited phase of the life hlstory of the Ruby-throated Hummingbird which would contribute 1,n a emall way to a better understanding of its habite and behavior. Observations were made almoet exclusively from a tower blind whose floor was located four feet from the nest. A limited amount of observation was done outside of the blind with a pair of eight power binoculars. I -Nest The nest waa located in a small Whlte Birch (Betula -alba) about 22 feet from the ground and plaoed four feet out on a limb which was one-half Inch in diameter, It -
Phylogeny and Avian Evolution Phylogeny and Evolution of the Aves
Phylogeny and Avian Evolution Phylogeny and Evolution of the Aves I. Background Scientists have speculated about evolution of birds ever since Darwin. Difficult to find relatives using only modern animals After publi cati on of “O rigi i in of S peci es” (~1860) some used birds as a counter-argument since th ere were no k nown t ransiti onal f orms at the time! • turtles have modified necks and toothless beaks • bats fly and are warm blooded With fossil discovery other potential relationships! • Birds as distinct order of reptiles Many non-reptilian characteristics (e.g. endothermy, feathers) but really reptilian in structure! If birds only known from fossil record then simply be a distinct order of reptiles. II. Reptile Evolutionary History A. “Stem reptiles” - Cotylosauria Must begin in the late Paleozoic ClCotylosauri a – “il”“stem reptiles” Radiation of reptiles from Cotylosauria can be organized on the basis of temporal fenestrae (openings in back of skull for muscle attachment). Subsequent reptilian lineages developed more powerful jaws. B. Anapsid Cotylosauria and Chelonia have anapsid pattern C. Syypnapsid – single fenestra Includes order Therapsida which gave rise to mammalia D. Diapsida – both supppratemporal and infratemporal fenestrae PttPattern foun did in exti titnct arch osaurs, survi iiving archosaurs and also in primitive lepidosaur – ShSpheno don. All remaining living reptiles and the lineage leading to Aves are classified as Diapsida Handout Mammalia Extinct Groups Cynodontia Therapsida Pelycosaurs Lepidosauromorpha Ichthyosauria Protorothyrididae Synapsida Anapsida Archosauromorpha Euryapsida Mesosaurs Amphibia Sauria Diapsida Eureptilia Sauropsida Amniota Tetrapoda III. Relationshippp to Reptiles Most groups present during Mesozoic considere d ancestors to bird s. -
Career Opportunities in Ornithology
AMERICAN BIRDS SPECIAL REPORT CareerOpportunities in Ornithology Preparedby TheAmerican Ornithologists' Union }study of birds, encompasses bothRNITHOLOGY, professionalTHEand SCIENTIFIC amateur endeavors.All aspectsof the biology of birds--ecology, behavior, anat- omy, physiology,systematics and ev- olution, veterinary sciences, wildlife management, and conservation--are topicsof interest.This broad field pro- videscareer opportunitiesin research, education, and administration, but there is intense competition for the limited number of positionsavailable eachyear. At leasta Bachelor'sdegree is necessaryto be competitive at the entry level; more often a Master's de- greeis required, and a Ph.D. is essen- tial for advancedpositions. Aspiring ornithologistsshould understandthe kinds of jobs available and carefully study the various degreeprograms of- fered at collegesand universities.This article introduces these opportunities and requirements. Professionalornithologists are biol- ogistswho specialize in the study of birds. More than 2000 individuals in North Americawork in jobs involving ornithology. Most either teach in col- legesor universitiesor are employed by federal or state agencies. Some work in university or public mu- seums, and some work for private conservation and research organiza- tions or consultingfirms. Most ornithologists divide their time between teaching and research or betweenteaching and administra- tion. A museum curator also may teach at a university. In general,sala- riesfor professionalornithologists are quite low compared with those avail- able in the businessand professional world, but personal fulfillment and intense interest in the work provides another aspectof compensation. Flex- ible work schedules,field work in ad- Trackingreleased Burrowing Owls with radio receiver.Photograph/Ellen Lawler. Volume 43, Number I 29 [ BandingSemipalrnated Sandpiper chick Photograph/PainMiller Close-upphotography of btrd. -
2010 Ornithology (B/C) - Training Handout
2010 Ornithology (B/C) - Training Handout KAREN LANCOUR National Bio Rules Committee Chairman [email protected] This event will test knowledge of birds. The Official National List will be used for taxonomy questions. ORDERS AND FAMILIES OF BIRDS: The bird lists are arranged by Orders and Families within the Order. The specie and common names are given for each bird within the Family. Learn the Order and Family characteristics and then species!! General tips on arrangement are: (Expect some exceptions of course.) *The families reflect how birds have evolved and have many distinctive features and behaviors. *Ocean, shore, game and predatory birds appear first, they are generally large birds. *Next are hole-nesting birds without true songs, they are smaller. *Last come the song birds which are still smaller. *Generally the feeding habits go from eating fish and small mammals to eating seeds and insects. *Special modifications in morphology allow birds to succeed in their environment. These are very helpful in identifying families, species, and their unique behaviors. GENERAL MORPHOLOGY: The outline or silhouette of the bird in flight or at rest can identify many families of birds. PLUMAGE: The color pattern of the feathers along the body varies. It is often unique for a species. * It is usually brighter in males than females with young of both sexes resembling the female. * It is usually brightest during the mating season (spring and summer for most birds). 1 HEAD: Many have distinctive stripes or colored patches on their head. * Crown = tip of the head and Cap = a distinctively colored crown as black-capped chickadees. -
The Origin of Birds
The Origin of Birds Birds have many unusual synapomorphies among modern animals: [ Synapomorphies (shared derived characters), representing new specializations evolved in the most recent common ancestor of the ingroup] • Feathers • Warm-blooded (also in mammals) • Specialized lungs & air-sacs • Hollow bones • Toothless beaks • Large brain Technical name for birds is Aves, and “avian” means “of or concerning birds”. • Cervicals very different from dorsals, allowing neck to fold into “S”-shape • Backwards-pointing pubis • Synsacrum (sacrum fused to pelves; pelvic bones • Fibula reduced to proximal splint fused together) • Astragalus & calcaneum fused to tibia • Proximal caudals very mobile • Hinge-like ankle joint • Pygostyle (distal caudals all fused together) • Furcula - (the wishbone) • Tarsometatarsus (distal tarsals fused to • Forelimb very long, has become wing metatarsals; all metatarsals fused together) • Carpometacarpus (semilunate carpal block fused • Main pedal digits II-IV to metacarpals; all metacarpals fused together) • Pedal digit I reversed, placed at bottom of • Three fingers, but digits all reduced so no unguals tarsometatarsus 1 Compare modern birds to their closest relatives, crocodilians • Difficult to find relatives using only modern animals (turtles have modified necks and toothless beaks, but otherwise very • different; bats fly and are warm-blooded, but are clearly mammals; etc.) • With discovery of fossils, other potential relations: pterosaurs had big brains, “S”- shaped neck, hinge-like foot, but wings are VERY different. • In 1859, Darwin published the Origin; some used birds as a counter-example against evolution, as there were apparently known transitional forms between birds and other vertebrates. In 1860, a feather (identical to modern birds' feathers) was found in the Solnhofen Lithographic Limestone of Bavaria, Germany: a Late Jurassic formation. -
Testing the Neoflightless Hypothesis: Propatagium Reveals Flying Ancestry
J Ornithol DOI 10.1007/s10336-015-1190-9 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Testing the neoflightless hypothesis: propatagium reveals flying ancestry of oviraptorosaurs 1 2 Alan Feduccia • Stephen A. Czerkas Received: 4 September 2014 / Revised: 31 December 2014 / Accepted: 23 February 2015 Ó Dt. Ornithologen-Gesellschaft e.V. 2015 Abstract Considerable debate surrounds the numerous Zusammenfassung avian-like traits in core maniraptorans (ovirap- torosaurs, troodontids, and dromaeosaurs), especially in the Die ,,Neoflightless‘‘-Hypothese im Test: Halsflughaut Chinese Early Cretaceous oviraptorosaur Caudipteryx, (Propatagium) offenbart flugfa¨hige Vorfahren der which preserves modern avian pennaceous primary remi- Oviraptorosauria ges attached to the manus, as is the case in modern birds. Was Caudipteryx derived from earth-bound theropod di- Es gibt eine ausgiebige Debatte u¨ber die zahlreichen vo- nosaurs, which is the predominant view among palaeon- gela¨hnlichen Eigenheiten der Maniraptora (Oviraptosaurus, tologists, or was it secondarily flightless, with volant avians Troodontidae, Dromaeosaurus), vor allem des (gefiederten) or theropods as ancestors (the neoflightless hypothesis), Oviraptorosauria Caudipteryx aus der fru¨hen chinesischen which is another popular, but minority view. The discovery Kreidezeit, der genau wie rezente Vo¨gel Handschwingen here of an aerodynamic propatagium in several specimens hatte, die an den Handknochen ansetzen. Stammt Cau- provides new evidence that Caudipteryx (and hence ovi- dipteryx von den nur am Erdboden lebenden Theropoda ab - raptorosaurs) represent secondarily derived flightless die unter den Pala¨ontologen vorherrschende Meinung -, oder ground dwellers, whether of theropod or avian affinity, and war er sekunda¨r flugunfa¨hig und stammte von flugfa¨higen that their presence and radiation during the Cretaceous may Theropoden ab - die ,,Neoflightless‘‘-Hypothese, eine alter- have been a factor in the apparent scarcity of many other native, wenn auch nur von Wenigen unterstu¨tzte These. -
Curriculum Vitae - ALAN FEDUCCIA (2020)
Brevum Curriculum Vitae - ALAN FEDUCCIA (2020) Position: S. K. Heninger Distinguished Professor Emeritus, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Education: Ph.D. Zoology University of Michigan, l969 (NSF Predoctoral Fellow) M.A. Zoology University of Michigan, l966 B.S. Zoology Louisiana State University, l965 (pdf of 2008 museum article attached). Languages: French, Spanish, Italian (conversational). S. K. Heninger Distinguished Professor, University of North Carolina, 1994-2007 (emeritus). Chairman, Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, July 1997-2002. Chairman, Division of Natural Sciences, UNC, 1996-1997; resigned to become Chair. Associate Chair, Department of Biology, July, l982 -1992. Research Associate, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, 1978-1987. William R. Kenan, Jr. Visiting Professor, Smithsonian Institution, 1978. Assistant, Associate, Full Professor, Biology UNC, 1971-74, 1974-79, 1979-2007. Assistant Professor of Biology, Southern Methodist University, 1970-71. Lecturer in Biology, University of Michigan, 1969. Fellow, American Ornithologists’ Union, 1976. Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1994. Who’s Who in America, 2004. Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award, 2018. Naming Recognition: -Presbyorniformipes feduccii, 1995, Presbyornis-like webbed trackway (Eocene) named for Alan Feduccia who identified the trackmaker. -Confuciusornis feducciai, 2009, new species of 120-million-year-old, earliest beaked bird (below), named by Chinese scientists, for Alan Feduccia: “for his contributions to his study of the origin and evolution of birds.” 1 -Feducciavis loftini, 2011, Miocene tern, named by Smithsonian scientist, for Alan Feduccia, citing “his many contributions to the study of fossil birds and his dedication to truth in the search for bird origins.” -Microraptor (four-winged Chinese fossil) named “Alan” for children’s book Comet’s Jurassic Adventure (2017).