DOCSLIB.ORG

World Bank Document

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

INTEGRATED SAFEGUARDS DATA SHEET CONCEPT STAGE Report No.: ISDSC9381 Public Disclosure Authorized I. BASIC INFORMATION A. Basic Project Data Country: Africa Project ID: P148853 Project Name: EA Regional Transport, Trade and Development Facilitation Project (Second Phase of Program) (P148853) Task Team Tesfamichael Nahusenay Mitiku Leader(s): Public Disclosure Authorized Estimated 23-Mar-2015 Estimated 110Jun-2015 Appraisal Date: Board Date: Managing Unit: GTIDR Lending Investment Project Financing Instrument: Sector(s): Rural and Inter-Urban Roads Highways (55P), Public administration- Transportation (20%), General information and communications sector (15%), General industry and trade sector (10%) Theme(s): Trade facilitation and market access (50%), Regional integration (30%), Infrastructure services for private sector development (20%) Financing (In USD Million) U Total Project Cost: 578.00 Total Bank Financing: 500.00 Public Disclosure Authorized Financing Gap: 0.00 Financing Source Amount BORROWER/RECIPIENT 78.00 International Development Association (IDA) 500.00 Total 578.00 Environmental A - Full Assessment Category: Is this a No Repeater project? Public Disclosure Authorized B. Project Objectives 13. The objective of the Second Project is to enhance regional connectivity and integration of Kenya with its Eastern Africa neighboring countries, and South Sudan's access to sea ports. 14. The proposed project helps the north western part of Kenya and south eastern part of South Sudan to boost export oriented agricultural development by facilitating increased agricultural production along the Juba - Eldoret corridor, endowed with abundant natural resources, through improved transport, trade facilitation, ICT access, as well as the development of export processing O U zones. The proposed program contributes to the overarching goal of facilitating and lowering the cost of intra-regional trade to support regional cooperation and integration of economies in the sub-region. 15. The overall program will be implemented in a series of three projects (SOP). The first project of the program (Phase 1), focused on South Sudan has been approved in May 2014, and supported the improvement of part of the Juba-Nakodol road in the territory of South Sudan and implementation of trade and development facilitation measures, including a new fiber optic link. This second project -Phase 2- will focus on the improvement of the road infrastructure and implementation of trade and development facilitation in the Kenyan territory. The third project - Phase 3- will focus on enhanced support to trade facilitation measures along the Juba-Nakodol- Eldoret corridor and completing the upgrading of the Juba-Eldoret road. This Project Concept Note applies to SOP 2 - the second project. C. Project Description KENYA 17. Component 1: Upgrading Critical Road Infrastructure (US$300 million). This component will support the upgrading of approximately 270 km of the Nadapal-Lockichar road section of the Juba-Nadapal-Eldoret Corridor and related supervision costs. 18. Component 2: Facilitation of Regional Transport, Trade and Development (US$20 million). This component supports promotion of sound transport, trade and development facilitation measures, increasing the efficiency of the corridor. This includes: Sub-component 2(a): Support to KRA in the implementation of transport, trade and development facilitation, including: (a) harmonization of customs procedures; (b) Establishing One Stop Border Post (OSBP) at the Kenya side of Nadapal, through a design-build (DB) arrangement; (c) the provision of advisory services and equipment for the strengthening of the cross-border management unit of KRA; and (d) Support to the implementation of an integrated border management system. Sub-component 2 (b): Support to KeNHA, including: (a) Support to corridor performance monitoring; (b) Support to national corridor management committees; (c) Enhancing social infrastructure and social services delivery, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) prevention, and Road Safety along the corridor. Sub-component 2 (c): Support to MoTI, including: (a) Support to provision of site and services at rest stops, export processing zones and storage facilities, as well as certification of export products and simplifying the process for import-export, in the Kenyan territory; and (b) Connecting export processing zones, rest stops and community centers and service centers along the corridor with ICT, in the Kenyan territory. 19. Component 3: Institutional Development and Program Management (US$5 million) Sub-component 3(a): Strengthening of KeNHA's and MoTI's institutional capacity through the provision of advisory services and training. Sub-component 3(b): Provision of advisory services, training and logistical support, including office equipment, materials and supplies, and Operating Costs as required to sustain the management and coordination of Project implementation activities, including audits, and monitoring and evaluation of O the execution of the Project. 20. Component 4: Connecting Nadapal with Fiber Optics (US$5 million). Construction of a fiber optic cable, alongside the part of the Juba -_Eldoret road located in the Recipient's territory, between Nadapal and Lokichoggio, and rehabilitation of the fiber optic between Marich Pass and Lokichoggio in the Republic of Kenya. 21. In parallel with the implementation of the second project in Kenya, South Sudan will implement upgrading of critical infrastructure, as well as trade and development facilitation activities, under the first project and other development partner's support. In addition to completing the upgrading of the road section in the South Sudan territory, the establishment of an OSBP and overloading control weigh bridge at Nadapal, as well connecting export processing zones, rest stops and community centers and service centers along the corridor with ICT, in the territory of South Sudan will be implemented under the third project, anticipated to start in 2017., The Third in a Series of Project: 22. Support for upgrading of road infrastructure (Investment requirement to be determined depending on the resources to be leveraged for the second phase-up to US$750 million). This includes: (a) Upgrading of the Juba-Nadapal corridor in South Sudan - Upgrading of the remaining section between Torit and Nadapal road from the first phase. The African Development Bank (AfDB) is expected to support the upgrading of Torit - Lobira (about 70 km - US$100 million), while the European Investment Bank (EIB) may provide support to the upgrading of part of the Kapoeta- Nadapal section. The total cost required to complete the road upgrading in the South Sudan territory is estimated at about US$300 million, including the contribution from AfDB; O (b) Asset management contract to maintain the sections upgraded under design and build o arrangement in South Sudan; and (c) Support for the Upgrading of the remaining sections of Nadapal-Eldoret road in Kenya - Support to the upgrading of approximately 170 km of the Lodwar -Marich Pass section of the Juba- Nadapal-Eldoret corridor (US$200 million). The Nadapal-Eldoret road which will not be under upgrading contract will be maintained by KeNHA to ensure all season passability. The section between Marich Pass and Eldoret estimated at US$200 million is expected to be financed by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The European Union (EU)/EIB and AfDB have also expressed interest to provide support to part of the road between Lodwar and Marich Pass that will not be financed by the World Bank. (d) The third project would also focus on enhanced support to trade and development facilitation measures along the Juba-Eldoret corridor, while completing the upgrading of any remaining sections of the road. 23. The first project focused on supporting the upgrading of part of the road sections in South Sudan territory and implementation of trade and development facilitation measures. The total cost was estimated at US$255 million. The Provisional Scale of the overall Program is estimated at about US$1.3 billion. D. Project location and salient physical characteristics relevant to the safeguard analysis (if known) Considering the sequence of the three projects as described above, the physical characteristics of the proposed project are as follows: 11. The proposed road segments within Kenya boundary, Eldoret- Nadapal, to be upgraded under the proposed program is about 595 km and is on the main road corridor linking Tanzania, Kenya and South Sudan. It runs in South-North direction on the Western part of Kenya. The southern part of the general area of the road is densely populated and with high agricultural potential. The road also passes through two large towns Eldoret and Kitale. The northern part, bordering South Sudan is largely sparsely populated and less developed. The section from Eldoret to Lokichoggio is paved, while the Lokichoggio-Nadapal section is unpaved. The improvement will be carried out within the existing right of way. Part of the Nadapal - Marich -Eldoret road is expected to be financed by the World Bank and other development partners in the second project and the remaining part will be upgraded in the third project. 12. The Juba - Nadapal- Eldoret road traverses the south-eastern part of South Sudan and north- western part of Kenya. The section in South Sudan, the Nadapal to Juba Road is an interstate road that links the Central Equatoria and Eastern
Recommended publications
  • South Sudan Corridor Diagnostic Study and Action Plan

    South Sudan Corridor Diagnostic Study and Action Plan

    South Sudan Corridor Diagnostic Study and Action Plan Final Report September 2012 This publication was produced by Nathan Associates Inc. for review by the United States Agency for International Development under the USAID Worldwide Trade Capacity Building (TCBoost) Project. Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States government. South Sudan Corridor Diagnostic Study and Action Plan Final Report SUBMITTED UNDER Contract No. EEM-I-00-07-00009-00, Order No. 2 SUBMITTED TO Mark Sorensen USAID/South Sudan Cory O’Hara USAID EGAT/EG Office SUBMITTED BY Nathan Associates Inc 2101 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 1200 Arlington, Virginia 22201 703.516.7700 [email protected] [email protected] DISCLAIMER This document is made possible by the support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Its contents are the sole responsibility of the author or authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or the United States Government. Contents Acronyms v Executive Summary vii 1. Introduction 1 Study Scope 1 Report Organization 3 2. Corridor Infrastructure 5 South Sudan Corridor Existing Infrastructure and Condition 5 3. Corridor Performance 19 Performance Data: Nodes and Links 19 Overview of South Sudan Corridor Performance 25 South Sudan Corridor Cost and Time Composition 26 Interpretation of Results for South Sudan Corridor 29 4. Legal and Regulatory Framework 33 Overview of Legal System 33 National Transport Policy 36 Transport Legal and Regulatory Framework Analysis 40 Customs and Taxation: Legal and Regulatory Framework Analysis 53 5.
  • Project Information Document (Pid) Concept Stage

    Project Information Document (Pid) Concept Stage

    PROJECT INFORMATION DOCUMENT (PID) CONCEPT STAGE Report No.: PIDC446 Public Disclosure Authorized Project Name South Sudan- Eastern Africa Regional Transport , Trade and Development Facilitation Program (Phase One) (P131426) Region AFRICA Public Disclosure Copy Country Africa Sector(s) Rural and Inter-Urban Roads and Highways (60%), Public administration- Transportation (20%), General industry and trade sector (20%) Theme(s) Trade facilitation and market access (70%), Regional integration (30%) Lending Instrument Investment Project Financing Project ID P131426 Borrower(s) Ministry of Finance, Commerce and Economic Planning, Ministry of Public Disclosure Authorized Finance Implementing Agency Ministry of Transport, Roads and Bridges, Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure Environmental B-Partial Assessment Category Date PID Prepared/ 29-Aug-2013 Updated Date PID Approved/ 03-Sep-2013 Disclosed Estimated Date of 30-Sep-2013 Appraisal Completion Public Disclosure Authorized Estimated Date of 30-Jan-2014 Board Approval Concept Review Track II - The review did authorize the preparation to continue Public Disclosure Copy Decision I. Introduction and Context Country Context Deepening regional integration – economic opportunity for South Sudan & neighbors 1. The countries in the Eastern Africa sub-region, including Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, Rwanda, Ethiopia, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and South Sudan recorded an average annual economic growth rate of about 5 percent over the last decade. The sub- Public Disclosure Authorized
  • Sustaining Relative Peace

    Sustaining Relative Peace

    Sustaining Relative Peace PAX and the cross-border peace network’s support for human security among pastoralist communities in the borderlands of Kenya, South Sudan and Uganda www.paxforpeace.nl Colophon By Lotje de Vries and Laura Wunder PAX: Eva Gerritse and Sara Ketelaar July 2017 ISBN: 978-94-92487-16-2 NUR 689 PAX serial number: PAX/2017/08 Photo cover: Inter-community peace dialogue in Kotido, Uganda. Photo credit: Eva Gerritse About PAX PAX works with committed citizens and partners to protect civilians against acts of war, to end armed violence, and to build just peace. PAX operates independently of political interests. www.paxforpeace.nl / P.O. Box 19318 / 3501 DH Utrecht, The Netherlands / [email protected] cross-border peace network. In this report we do not deal with the two programmes separately, but we do want to acknowledge here the important work that our partner the Justice and Peace Preface coordinator of the Diocese of Torit has been doing in the training of Boma councils in Budi, Ikwoto and Torit counties in former Eastern Equatoria State. Secondly, the description in the report of the current conflict dynamics is based on the situation as it was up until June 2016. Sadly, in July 2016, two weeks after the meeting in Naivasha and Kapoeta, violence broke out again in Juba, South Sudan, quickly spreading to the rest of the country and this time also greatly affecting the southern part of the country, the Equatorias. The war in the country and consequent violence, which is still ongoing, had major repercussions for the communities, especially in the western counties of former Eastern Equatoria State.
  • The First Sudanese Civil War This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pal-Poggo-000Fm 10/23/08 11:49 AM Page Iii

    The First Sudanese Civil War This Page Intentionally Left Blank Pal-Poggo-000Fm 10/23/08 11:49 AM Page Iii

    pal-poggo-000fm 10/23/08 11:49 AM Page i The First Sudanese Civil War This page intentionally left blank pal-poggo-000fm 10/23/08 11:49 AM Page iii The First Sudanese Civil War Africans, Arabs, and Israelis in the Southern Sudan, 1955–1972 Scopas S. Poggo pal-poggo-000fm 10/23/08 11:49 AM Page iv the first sudanese civil war Copyright © Scopas S. Poggo, 2009. All rights reserved. First published in 2009 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the Unites States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN-13: 978-0-230-60796-5 ISBN-10: 0-230-60796-9 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the Library of Congress. A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Scribe Inc. First edition: February 2009 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. Chapter 5 is a revision of “General Ibrahim Abboud’s Military Administration in the Sudan, 1958–1964: Implementation of the Programs of Islamization and Arabization in the Southern Sudan,” Northeast African Studies Journal, 9, no.
  • Final Resettlement Action Plan Report

    Final Resettlement Action Plan Report

    Public Disclosure Authorized Upgrading of the NADAPAL-JUBA ROAD Public Disclosure Authorized from Gravel to Paved (Bitumen) Standards FINAL RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized Issued on: November 6th, 2013 EMPLOYER: Ministry of Transport, Roads and Bridges, Government of Republic of South Sudan CONSULTANT: Public Disclosure Authorized SMEC INTERNATIONAL PTY LIMITED, AUSTRALIA REVISED BY: Ing. MRS. RITA OHENE SARFOH i | P a g e Table of Contents List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. vi List of Figures ........................................................................................................................................ vi Acronyms ................................................................................................................................................. vii Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background .................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 The Statements of Objectives........................................................................................................ 2 1.3 Brief Description
  • Supporting Private Business Growth in African Fragile States

    Supporting Private Business Growth in African Fragile States

    Center for Development Global Supporting Private Business Growth in African States Fragile Leo, Ramachandran, and Thuotte and Ramachandran, Leo, Supporting Private Business Growth in African Fragile States A Guiding Framework for the World Bank Group in South Sudan and Other Nations CGD Benjamin Leo, Vijaya Ramachandran, and Ross Thuotte ISBN 978-1-933286-68-6 For an electronic version of this report, visit www.cgdev.org. Center for Development Global Supporting Private Business Growth in African Fragile States A Guiding Framework for the World Bank Group in South Sudan and Other Nations Benjamin Leo, Vijaya Ramachandran, and Ross Thuotte Copyright © 2012 by the Center for Global Development ISBN 978-1-933286-68-6 Cover photo: United Nations Environment Programme. Editing, design, and production by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, D.C., and Peter Grundy Art & Design, London. The Center for Global Development is grateful for contributions from the Royal Danish Embassy in support of this work. About the authors The authors would like thank the Government of Denmark for Benjamin Leo is a former Research Fellow at the Center for generous financial support. We are also grateful to James Emery Global Development and is currently Global Policy Director at for his detailed reading of several drafts and his comments on our the ONE Campaign. Vijaya Ramachandran is a Senior Fellow at interpretation of the IFC data. In addition, Alan Gelb, Alvaro the Center for Global Development. Ross Thuotte is a Research Gonzalez, Charles Kenny, Todd Moss, and Gaiv Tata provided Assistant at the Center for Global Development. extensive comments on various drafts of this report, and we would like to thank them for their efforts.
  • Operational Deployment Plan Template

    Operational Deployment Plan Template

    Country: Republic of South Sudan Index Facility Address States County Facility Name Type of HF Closest Town / City number (Payam) 1 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Nyori Moridi PHCU PHCU Moridi 2 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Reggo Makamagor PHCU PHCU Makamagor 3 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Tali Payam Mijiki PHCU PHCU Mijiki 4 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Nyori Kuda PHCU PHCU Kuda 5 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Rijiong Jonko PHCU PHCU Jonkok 6 Central Equatoria State Terekeka Terekeka Terekeka PHCC PHCC Terekeka 7 Central Equatoria State Juba Rokon Miriko PHCU PHCU Rokon 8 Central Equatoria State Juba Ganji Ganji PHCC PHCC Ganji 9 Central Equatoria State Yei Tore Tore PHCC PHCC Yei 10 Central Equatoria State Yei Tore Goli PHCU PHCU Yei 11 Central Equatoria State Yei Yei Pakula PHCU PHCU Yei 12 Central Equatoria State Yei Mugwo Jombu PHCU PHCU Yei 13 Central Equatoria State Yei Tore Bandame PHCU PHCU Yei 14 Central Equatoria State Yei Otogo Kejiko PHCU PHCU Yei 15 Central Equatoria State Yei Lasu Kirikwa PHCU PHCU Yei 16 Central Equatoria State Yei Otogo Rubeke PHCU PHCU Yei 17 Central Equatoria State Yei Yei BAKITA PHCC PHCC YEI 18 Central Equatoria State Yei Yei Marther PHCC PHCC YEI 19 Central Equatoria State Yei Yei EPC CLINIC - PHCU PHCU YEI 20 Central Equatoria State Yei Yei YEI HOSPITAL HOSPITAL YEI 21 Central Equatoria State Yei CHD Yei County Cold Chain County Cold Chain YEI 22 Central Equatoria State Yei CHD Yei County Cold Chain County Cold Chain YEI 23 Central Equatoria State Yei CHD Yei County Cold Chain County
  • Eastern Equatoria State

    Eastern Equatoria State

    ! Eas! tern Equatoria State Map ! ! ! ! ! ! 32°E 33°E ! 34°E 35°E ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Anyidi Pe!ngko ! Marongodoa Towoth Mewun !! R. !" Upper Boma Bor Kangen ! ! ! Brong Kwal Tiu Macdit ! ! Gurgo Karita Gurbi Tukls! Pajok ! ! ! Nongwoli ! Boma Balwan !! Aluk Gw! alla! ! Katanich Titong Munini Cuei Machar Awan ! R. K ! ! ang Wowa Sudan ! Aliab ! en ! Logoda ! Malek ! ! Bor South ! Rigl Chilimun N N ° Jonglei Pibor ° ! Katchikan Kichepo Pariak! ! ! ! ! 6 ! !Pariak 6 ! Lowelli a Lochiret River Bellel l l ! Aw! erial i t Kenamuke Swamp ! ! ! Panabang o L r Ngechele . ! Neria a Kanopir ! Natibok Kabalatigo R ! ! ! w South Ethiopia ! Moru Kimod G Rongada Central ! . R African Sudan R Tombi ! . N R. Republic Gwojo-Adung a Ch ! r Kassangor alb ! Tiarki o ! o !Bori ng ! ! ! Moru Kerri Kuron Gigging ! ! ! Mun! i " ! Karn Ethi Kerkeng ! ! ! ! Nakadocwa i Gemmaiza r i Democratic t Kobowen Swamp Moru Ethi Borichadi Bokuna ! i ! ! Wani Mika ! Poko Kassengo Selemani ! Pagar S ! Nabwel ! Republic of Congo ! Chabong ! Uganda ! Tukara . ! R Kenyi ! River Nakua Kenya ! Moru Angbin Mukajo Terekeka ! ! ! ! Bulu Koli Gali ) Awakot Lotimor ! t ! ! ! i ! ! Akitukomoi ! Tumu River G! era e Nanyangachor l Napalap ! l Kalaruz ! Namoropus i ! t ! Logono Kangitabok Lomokori o Eyata Moru Kolinyagkopil ! Terekeka ! ! ! ! Wit " L Natilup Swamp ETHIOPIA ! ( Magara Umm Gura Mwanyakapin ! ! ! R n Abuilingakine Lomareng Plateau . ! ! R N ! W a R ak Juban y . u Rambo l Lokodopotok . ! h ! ! ! a ! L a N Katirima Nai A (S i Lomuleye ! ! t o a k ! c e Badigeru Swamp River Lokuja a Losagam Musha Lukwatuk Pass Doinyoro East h ! ! ! p ! ! ! o i) Buboli r N ! o L o River Lokorowa Pongo Watha Peth Hills ! t .
  • Republic of Kenya

    Republic of Kenya

    Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF KENYA SOUTH-SUDAN-EASTERN REGIONAL TRANSPORT, TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITATION PROGRAM Public Disclosure Authorized (SS-EARTTDFP), KENYA COMPONENT P131426 IMPLEMENTING AGENCY Public Disclosure Authorized RESETTLEMENT POLICY FRAMEWORK November 2013 Public Disclosure Authorized 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................. 2 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................................... 5 1. BASIC INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................... 6 2. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT AND POTENTIAL INVESTMENTS CAUSING RESETTLEMENT ....................................................................................................................................... 9 PROJECT CONTEXT ...................................................................................................................................... 9 PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................13 RESETTLEMENT IMPLICATIONS OF SS-EARTTDFP ..................................................................................14 3. METHODOLOGY & AN OVERVIEW OF IMPACTS ..................................................................16 DETAILED AND IN-DEPTH LITERATURE REVIEW .........................................................................................16
  • Terrorists, Geopolitics and Kenya's Proposed Border Wall with Somalia

    Terrorists, Geopolitics and Kenya's Proposed Border Wall with Somalia

    Terrorists, Geopolitics and Kenya’s Proposed Border Wall with Somalia by Brendon John Cannon This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Abstract Addressing border security appears to be a plausible approach for states that suffer from terrorism. Kenya’s border wall is to keep terrorists out of Kenya. Utilizing a comparative approach, this paper explores the efficacy of border walls, particularly Kenya’s wall with Somalia. Findings show that walls rarely accomplish stated goals and have unintended consequences. In Kenya’s case, it may reignite border disputes and separate communities. The success of Kenya’s border wall is low given the high levels of corruption and the fact that walls have been demonstrated to only be as good as the people who guard them. Keywords: terrorism; border wall; Kenya; Somalia; Al-Shabaab; international relations; boundary disputes; corruption; international terrorism Part I: Introduction einous acts call for desperate countermeasures. The killing in cold blood on April 2, 2015 of 147 students at Garissa University in Kenya, by a handful of terrorists affiliated with the al-Shabaab Hterrorist group, has led Kenyan authorities to resort to building a wall along its border with Somalia in an effort to stem future attacks. The decision to construct a security wall occurred against a backdrop of the public rage and anguish felt in Kenya following the attack and compounded by repeated al-Shabaab attacks in the country since 2008. Kenyan authorities’ fixation with ostensibly penning in al-Shabaab terrorists and keeping them out of Kenya dominated discourse about the suitability of a border wall.
  • Territoriality, Conflict & Development :: Ethnic Frontiers of South-Eastern Sudan

    Territoriality, Conflict & Development :: Ethnic Frontiers of South-Eastern Sudan

    1 Territoriality, conflict & development in Sudan’s south­eastern frontiers. I.Eulenberger 2011 Territoriality, Conflict & Development: Ethnic frontiers of South­eastern Sudan Paper for the ABORNE Conference “Sudan’s borders” 2010 by Immo Eulenberger Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology Department I ­ Integration and Conflict PO Box 11 03 51, 06017 Halle/Saale {{{ Draft paper, not for public use }}} Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................................................. 2 The Area .............................................................................................................................................. 4 Population ....................................................................................................................................... 5 The Toposa .................................................................................................................................. 7 The Nyangatom ........................................................................................................................... 9 Mobility, Territoriality and Conflict................................................................................................... 10 Territoriality and resources ............................................................................................... 10 Movement of spatial boundaries ...................................................................................... 12 Flows of resources,
  • Making a Life and a Living in the Sudan-Kenyan Border Area: the Rise of a Thriving Cross-Border Trade Network

    Making a Life and a Living in the Sudan-Kenyan Border Area: the Rise of a Thriving Cross-Border Trade Network

    16 Making a life and a living in the Sudan-Kenyan border area: the rise of a thriving cross-border trade network. Anne Walraet Abstract: This paper documents the making of a life and a living in situations of protracted conflict, displacement and mobility, while simultaneously shedding light on state making and the exercise of power from a borderland perspective. It more in particular zooms in on the Sudan-Kenyan border area where throughout the war until today IDPs, refugees, migrants and military meet. The paper in particular explores the nature, role and effectiveness of the social networks of these non-indigenous residents in building a livelihood within urban perimeters and investigates the reasons behind the differential success of one particular cross-border business network. The paper draws on information and insights accumulated during down-to-earth and multi-sited fieldwork between 2006 and 2011. Please do not distribute or quote … this is just an unfinished first draft. Introduction This paper follows a renewed attention for borders and border zones as key sites of displacement, struggle and transformation.1 It more in particular zooms in on the Sudan-Kenyan borderland that for many years has been at once a frontline in the war between the GoS and the SPLA and a location providing islands of security: safe havens for military and refugee camps for civilians. It sheds light on displacement economies in general and from a actor specific perspective, while equally directing attention to emerging patterns of power and accumulation. Its specific entry point is that of the livelihoods of the new residents of Kapoeta and Narus, two towns in Eastern Equatoria state nearby the Kenyan border.