DOCSLIB.ORG

Regional Association II (Asia)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Regional Association II (Asia) Regional Association II (Asia) Sixteenth session Abu Dhabi 12–16 February 2017 Abridged final report with resolutions and decisions WEATHER CLIMATE WATER CLIMATE WEATHER WMO-No. 1188 Regional Association II (Asia) Sixteenth session Abu Dhabi 12–16 February 2017 Abridged final report with resolutions and decisions WEATHER CLIMATE WATER CLIMATE WEATHER WMO-No. 1188 WMO-No. 1188 © World Meteorological Organization, 2017 The right of publication in print, electronic and any other form and in any language is reserved by WMO. Short extracts from WMO publications may be reproduced without authorization, provided that the complete source is clearly indicated. Editorial correspondence and requests to publish, reproduce or translate this publication in part or in whole should be addressed to: Chairperson, Publications Board World Meteorological Organization (WMO) 7 bis, avenue de la Paix Tel.: +41 (0) 22 730 84 03 P.O. Box 2300 Fax: +41 (0) 22 730 81 17 CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland E-mail: [email protected] ISBN 978-92-63-11188-3 NOTE The designations employed in WMO publications and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WMO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WMO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised. This report contains the text as adopted by Plenary and has been issued without formal editing. Acronyms used in this report may be found in METEOTERM, the WMO terminology database, at http://public.wmo.int/en/resources/meteoterm CONTENTS Page GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE WORK OF THE SESSION ......................................... 1 APPENDIX 1. AGENDA ....................................................................................... 2 APPENDIX 2. RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE SESSION .................................... 4 1 Regional WMO Integrated Global Observing System Implementation Plan 2017–2020 .......................................................................................... 4 2 Regional Basic Synoptic Network and Regional Basic Climatological Network in Region II ................................................................................................. 36 3 Regional Association II Management Group ..................................................... 92 4 Regional Association II Working Group on Weather Services .............................. 93 5 Regional Association II Working Group on Climate Services ................................ 98 6 Regional Association II Working Group on Hydrological Services ......................... 102 7 Regional Association II Working Group on the WMO Integrated Global Observing System and WMO Information System ............................................. 105 8 Pilot project to develop support for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in numerical weather prediction ......................................................... 110 9 Pilot project to sustain and enhance the capacity of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in the provision of official medium-range weather forecasts .................................................................................................... 112 10 Pilot project to develop support for National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in the collection and application of data from Aircraft Meteorological Data Relay .................................................................................................. 114 11 Pilot project on impact-based forecasting ........................................................ 115 12 Pilot project to enhance meteorological disaster risk reduction capability in Regional Association II (Asia) ........................................................................ 117 13 Regional Association II Operating Plan 2016–2019 ............................................ 118 14 Review of previous resolutions and recommendations of the Association .............. 129 APPENDIX 3. DECISIONS ADOPTED BY THE SESSION ........................................ 135 1 Organization of the session ........................................................................... 135 2 Implementation of the WMO Disaster Risk Reduction Roadmap in Regional Association II .............................................................................................. 136 3 Public weather services and provision of multi-hazard impact-based forecast and warning services .................................................................................... 138 4 Flood forecasting ......................................................................................... 139 5 Severe Weather Forecasting Demonstration Project – Reporting and identification of regional entity ......................................................................................... 141 6 Enhancing capacity and competencies of National Meteorological and Hydrological Services in tropical cyclone forecasting and warnings ........................................ 142 iv ABRIDGED FINAL REPORT OF THE SIXTEENTH SESSION OF REGIONAL ASSOCIATION II (ASIA) Page 7 WMO support to implementation of the Paris Agreement .................................... 143 8 Implementation of the country-focused results-based framework and mechanism for WMO contributions to the Global Framework for Climate Services in Regional Association II .............................................................................................. 145 9 Analysis of WMO multi-year climate reports ..................................................... 147 10 Accelerating data rescue and collaboration on regional and international data rescue initiatives .......................................................................................... 148 11 Implementation and coordination of Regional Climate Centre operations in Regional Association II ................................................................................. 149 12 Establishing regional WMO Integrated Global Observing System Centres in Regional Association II in the pilot phase ......................................................... 151 13 Pilot Regional Basic Observing Network in Regional Association II ....................... 161 14 Radio-frequency matters in Regional Association II ........................................... 162 15 The WMO Information System ....................................................................... 163 16 Further implementation of the WMO Strategy for Service Delivery and harmonization of service delivery in Regional Association II ............................... 167 17 Regional activities in aeronautical meteorology ................................................. 169 18 Strengthening operational agrometeorological advisory services ......................... 172 19 Enhancing national and regional drought monitoring systems ............................. 173 20 Regional activities in marine meteorology ........................................................ 174 21 Development of the Asia High-mountain Global Cryosphere Watch Observing Network ..................................................................................................... 175 22 International exchange of snow data .............................................................. 179 23 Seamless Data-processing and Forecasting System ........................................... 180 24 Implementation of forecast verification activities, high-resolution numerical weather prediction and impact-based forecasting and warning............................ 184 25 Revised Manual on the Global Data-processing and Forecasting System ............... 186 26 Hydrology and water management ................................................................. 187 27 Support of the Sand and Dust Storm Warning Advisory and Assessment System ....................................................................................................... 189 28 Capacity development priorities for 2017–2019 including the country profile database .................................................................................................... 190 29 Enhancing support to WMO education and training activities and facilitating bilateral and multilateral assistance from Members ........................................... 196 30 Regional priorities for education and training ................................................... 198 31 Report on the status of WMO Regional Training Centres in the Region ................. 199 32 Resource mobilization ................................................................................... 200 33 Organization-wide and regional priorities 2020–2023 ........................................ 201 CONTENTS v 34 Regional Association II planned intersessional meetings/activities 2017–2020 ...... 209 35 Information sharing on climate services .......................................................... 215 36 Public-private sector engagement in Regional Association II ............................... 216 37 Gender equality ........................................................................................... 218 APPENDIX 4. LIST OF PARTICIPANTS ................................................................ 220 GENERAL SUMMARY OF THE WORK OF THE SESSION 1. The president of Regional
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti
    Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti DISSERTATION ZUR ERLANGUNG DER GRADES DES DOKTORS DER PHILOSOPHIE DER UNIVERSTÄT HAMBURG VORGELEGT VON YASIN MOHAMMED YASIN from Assab, Ethiopia HAMBURG 2010 ii Regional Dynamics of Inter-ethnic Conflicts in the Horn of Africa: An Analysis of the Afar-Somali Conflict in Ethiopia and Djibouti by Yasin Mohammed Yasin Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree PHILOSOPHIAE DOCTOR (POLITICAL SCIENCE) in the FACULITY OF BUSINESS, ECONOMICS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES at the UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG Supervisors Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff HAMBURG 15 December 2010 iii Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my doctoral fathers Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit and Prof. Dr. Rainer Tetzlaff for their critical comments and kindly encouragement that made it possible for me to complete this PhD project. Particularly, Prof. Jakobeit’s invaluable assistance whenever I needed and his academic follow-up enabled me to carry out the work successfully. I therefore ask Prof. Dr. Cord Jakobeit to accept my sincere thanks. I am also grateful to Prof. Dr. Klaus Mummenhoff and the association, Verein zur Förderung äthiopischer Schüler und Studenten e. V., Osnabruck , for the enthusiastic morale and financial support offered to me in my stay in Hamburg as well as during routine travels between Addis and Hamburg. I also owe much to Dr. Wolbert Smidt for his friendly and academic guidance throughout the research and writing of this dissertation. Special thanks are reserved to the Department of Social Sciences at the University of Hamburg and the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) that provided me comfortable environment during my research work in Hamburg.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure- Present State And
    Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present State and Future Potential By Claes Lykke Ragner FNI Report 13/2000 FRIDTJOF NANSENS INSTITUTT THE FRIDTJOF NANSEN INSTITUTE Tittel/Title Sider/Pages Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure – Present 124 State and Future Potential Publikasjonstype/Publication Type Nummer/Number FNI Report 13/2000 Forfatter(e)/Author(s) ISBN Claes Lykke Ragner 82-7613-400-9 Program/Programme ISSN 0801-2431 Prosjekt/Project Sammendrag/Abstract The report assesses the Northern Sea Route’s commercial potential and economic importance, both as a transit route between Europe and Asia, and as an export route for oil, gas and other natural resources in the Russian Arctic. First, it conducts a survey of past and present Northern Sea Route (NSR) cargo flows. Then follow discussions of the route’s commercial potential as a transit route, as well as of its economic importance and relevance for each of the Russian Arctic regions. These discussions are summarized by estimates of what types and volumes of NSR cargoes that can realistically be expected in the period 2000-2015. This is then followed by a survey of the status quo of the NSR infrastructure (above all the ice-breakers, ice-class cargo vessels and ports), with estimates of its future capacity. Based on the estimated future NSR cargo potential, future NSR infrastructure requirements are calculated and compared with the estimated capacity in order to identify the main, future infrastructure bottlenecks for NSR operations. The information presented in the report is mainly compiled from data and research results that were published through the International Northern Sea Route Programme (INSROP) 1993-99, but considerable updates have been made using recent information, statistics and analyses from various sources.
    [Show full text]
  • This Keyword List Contains Indian Ocean Place Names of Coral Reefs, Islands, Bays and Other Geographic Features in a Hierarchical Structure
    CoRIS Place Keyword Thesaurus by Ocean - 8/9/2016 Indian Ocean This keyword list contains Indian Ocean place names of coral reefs, islands, bays and other geographic features in a hierarchical structure. For example, the first name on the list - Bird Islet - is part of the Addu Atoll, which is in the Indian Ocean. The leading label - OCEAN BASIN - indicates this list is organized according to ocean, sea, and geographic names rather than country place names. The list is sorted alphabetically. The same names are available from “Place Keywords by Country/Territory - Indian Ocean” but sorted by country and territory name. Each place name is followed by a unique identifier enclosed in parentheses. The identifier is made up of the latitude and longitude in whole degrees of the place location, followed by a four digit number. The number is used to uniquely identify multiple places that are located at the same latitude and longitude. For example, the first place name “Bird Islet” has a unique identifier of “00S073E0013”. From that we see that Bird Islet is located at 00 degrees south (S) and 073 degrees east (E). It is place number 0013 at that latitude and longitude. (Note: some long lines wrapped, placing the unique identifier on the following line.) This is a reformatted version of a list that was obtained from ReefBase. OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Bird Islet (00S073E0013) OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Bushy Islet (00S073E0014) OCEAN BASIN > Indian Ocean > Addu Atoll > Fedu Island (00S073E0008)
    [Show full text]
  • Investing and Providing the Solutions to Confront The
    Abstract: Today, tourism industry is considered as the largest and the most various industries in the world and many countries regard the industry as a part of their main source of income, employment, the growth of the private sector and the development of infrastructure. Coastal areas naturally attract human beings and include the required potential for tourists. And coastal tourism can be undoubtedly seen as a source of added value and special income for coastal cities. But, the point is necessary that coastal INVESTING AND PROVIDING THE environment is so sensitive and vulnerable and the resulted pressures from tourism-based activities such SOLUTIONS TO CONFRONT THE as creating different projects to attract tourist like hotels, markets, diving clubs, docks, etc. may destroy ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES OF THE the environment’s ecological balance. The method PROJECTS RELATED TO COASTAL of the present research is descriptive-analytical, and data collection has been performed through library TOURISM IN KISH ISLAND studies and field observations. The research’s purpose is practical; and next to the basic knowledge of coastal tourism, it has been embarked on the study of the INVESTIR E FORNECER SOLUÇÕES PARA role of tourists in destroying the environment of Kish Island and the environmental effects of tourism-based ENFRENTAR AS QUESTÕES AMBIENTAIS projects. In the following, the research has studied the intruder factors like users’ changes and their effects on DOS PROJETOS RELACIONADOS AO the transformation of coasts as well as the changes TURISMO COSTEIRO NA ILHA DE KISH made on sandy coasts caused by the impact of human structures. The results show that the increasing number of tourists and building the tourism and welfare facilities for them have destroyed and transformed the natural form of the coasts and the issue makes it Alireza Moshabbaki Isfahani 1 necessary to planning for the sustainable development Vahideh Mojahed 2 of the coasts.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Data on Zoophilic Flies of Siberia and the Russian Far East
    Ukrainian Journal of Ecology Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2021, 11(6), 100-104, doi: 10.15421/2021_230 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Some data on zoophilic flies of Siberia and the Russian Far Ukrainian Journal of Ecology,2021, 11(4),,doi: 10.15421/2021_ East E.I. Sivkova All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Veterinary Entomology and Arachnology-Branch of Federal State Institution Federal Research Centre Tyumen Scientific Centre of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2 Institutskaya St, Tyumen 641025, Russia *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Received: 23.07.2021. Accepted: 09.08.2021. In the vast territories of Siberia and the Russian Far East that include various landscapes and climatic zones of the country, flies play an important role as they are constantly present in the life of humans and animals. Flies belong to the Order Diptera, comprising of two-winged flies, the suborder Cyclorrapha (circular-seamed flies). Flies are vectors of many infectious and invasive diseases (they spread pathogens of microorganisms, protozoa, and fungi) and can also cause independent diseases in the larval phase. In this genus case, the flesh-fly family (Sarcophagidae), Wohlfahrtia magnifica genus, Schin.,1862, is a classic example of flies with a free- living pattern to a parasitic lifestyle. Species specificity of flies is weakly expressed, though they give the most significant preference to cattle. Traditional fly control methods include preventive and exterminating measures. Preventive steps are targeted at the elimination of potential fly breeding places by practicing routine sanitation. The advantage of preventive measures is their environmental friendliness. However, they do not significantly reduce the number of flies.
    [Show full text]
  • THE RELIABILITY of RADIOCARBON DATING BURIED SOILS 630090 Russia Since the First 14C Age Determination of Soil Organic Matter (O
    The Reliability of Radiocarbon Dating Buried Soils Item Type Article; text Authors Orlova, L. A.; Panychev, V. A. Citation Orlova, L. A., & Panychev, V. A. (1993). The reliability of radiocarbon dating buried soils. Radiocarbon, 35(3), 369-377. DOI 10.1017/S0033822200060379 Publisher Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona Journal Radiocarbon Rights Copyright © by the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona. All rights reserved. Download date 02/10/2021 20:19:03 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/653478 [RADIOCARBON, VOL. 35, No. 3, 1993, P. 369-377] THE RELIABILITY OF RADIOCARBON DATING BURIED SOILS L. A. ORLOVA and V. A. PANYCHEV United Institute of Geology, Geophysics and Mineralogy, Universitetsky pr., 3, Novosibirsk 90, 630090 Russia ABSTRACT. Variable 14C ages of paleosol organic matter (OM) cause difficulties in interpreting 14C data. We attempt to determine the reliability of OM 14C dates by examining different carbon-containing materials from soil horizons and paleosol fractions. INTRODUCTION Since the first 14C age determination of soil organic matter (OM) (Tamm and Ostlund 1960), the problems of 14C data interpretation have been widely discussed (Arslanov 1987; Arslanov et al. 1970; Arslanov and Kozyreva 1976; Gerasimov and Chichagova 1971; Zavelskiy 1975; Chichagova 1985; Scharpenseel 1971; Campbell et al. 1967; Costin and Polach 1969; Geyh, Bensler and Roeschman 1971; Polach and Costin 1971; Bowler and Polach 1971). These problems involve soil OM biodynamics in various landscape/climatic areas and soil types. Unlike wood and peat, where each annual tree ring and peat layer "conserves" the particular 14C content of the moment of growth, soil horizons are characterized by constant replacement of OM along the profile, which leads to redistribution of 14C ratios in different carbon-containing materials and soil fractions.
    [Show full text]
  • Sources and Pathways 4.1
    Chapter 4 Persistant toxic substances (PTS) sources and pathways 4.1. Introduction Chapter 4 4.1. Introduction 4.2. Assessment of distant sources: In general, the human environment is a combination Longrange atmospheric transport of the physical, chemical, biological, social and cultur- Due to the nature of atmospheric circulation, emission al factors that affect human health. It should be recog- sources located within the Northern Hemisphere, par- nized that exposure of humans to PTS can, to certain ticularly those in Europe and Asia, play a dominant extent, be dependant on each of these factors. The pre- role in the contamination of the Arctic. Given the spa- cise role differs depending on the contaminant con- tial distribution of PTS emission sources, and their cerned, however, with respect to human intake, the potential for ‘global’ transport, evaluation of long- chain consisting of ‘source – pathway – biological avail- range atmospheric transport of PTS to the Arctic ability’ applies to all contaminants. Leaving aside the region necessarily involves modeling on the hemi- biological aspect of the problem, this chapter focuses spheric/global scale using a multi-compartment on PTS sources, and their physical transport pathways. approach. To meet these requirements, appropriate modeling tools have been developed. Contaminant sources can be provisionally separated into three categories: Extensive efforts were made in the collection and • Distant sources: Located far from receptor sites in preparation of input data for modeling. This included the Arctic. Contaminants can reach receptor areas the required meteorological and geophysical informa- via air currents, riverine flow, and ocean currents. tion, and data on the physical and chemical properties During their transport, contaminants are affected by of both the selected substances and of their emissions.
    [Show full text]
  • Estimations of Undisturbed Ground Temperatures Using Numerical and Analytical Modeling
    ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING By LU XING Bachelor of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Huazhong University of Science & Technology Wuhan, China 2008 Master of Arts/Science in Mechanical Engineering Oklahoma State University Stillwater, OK, US 2010 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY December, 2014 ESTIMATIONS OF UNDISTURBED GROUND TEMPERATURES USING NUMERICAL AND ANALYTICAL MODELING Dissertation Approved: Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler Dissertation Adviser Dr. Daniel E. Fisher Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar Dr. Richard A. Beier ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Jeffrey D. Spitler, who patiently guided me through the hard times and encouraged me to continue in every stage of this study until it was completed. I greatly appreciate all his efforts in making me a more qualified PhD, an independent researcher, a stronger and better person. Also, I would like to devote my sincere thanks to my parents, Hongda Xing and Chune Mei, who have been with me all the time. Their endless support, unconditional love and patience are the biggest reason for all the successes in my life. To all my good friends, colleagues in the US and in China, who talked to me and were with me during the difficult times. I would like to give many thanks to my committee members, Dr. Daniel E. Fisher, Dr. Afshin J. Ghajar and Dr. Richard A. Beier for their suggestions which helped me to improve my research and dissertation.
    [Show full text]
  • Russia's Arctic Cities
    ? chapter one Russia’s Arctic Cities Recent Evolution and Drivers of Change Colin Reisser Siberia and the Far North fi gure heavily in Russia’s social, political, and economic development during the last fi ve centuries. From the beginnings of Russia’s expansion into Siberia in the sixteenth century through the present, the vast expanses of land to the north repre- sented a strategic and economic reserve to rulers and citizens alike. While these reaches of Russia have always loomed large in the na- tional consciousness, their remoteness, harsh climate, and inaccessi- bility posed huge obstacles to eff ectively settling and exploiting them. The advent of new technologies and ideologies brought new waves of settlement and development to the region over time, and cities sprouted in the Russian Arctic on a scale unprecedented for a region of such remote geography and harsh climate. Unlike in the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of other countries, the Russian Far North is highly urbanized, containing 72 percent of the circumpolar Arctic population (Rasmussen 2011). While the largest cities in the far northern reaches of Alaska, Canada, and Greenland have maximum populations in the range of 10,000, Russia has multi- ple cities with more than 100,000 citizens. Despite the growing public focus on the Arctic, the large urban centers of the Russian Far North have rarely been a topic for discussion or analysis. The urbanization of the Russian Far North spans three distinct “waves” of settlement, from the early imperial exploration, expansion of forced labor under Stalin, and fi nally to the later Soviet development 2 | Colin Reisser of energy and mining outposts.
    [Show full text]
  • Population-Based Seroprevalence of Malaria in Hormozgan Province, Southeastern Iran: a Low Transmission Area
    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Malaria Research and Treatment Volume 2015, Article ID 174570, 5 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/174570 Research Article Population-Based Seroprevalence of Malaria in Hormozgan Province, Southeastern Iran: A Low Transmission Area Gholam Reza Hatam,1 Fatemeh Nejati,1 Tahereh Mohammadzadeh,2,3 Reza Shahriari Rad,4 and Bahador Sarkari1,3 1 Basic Sciences in Infectious Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 2Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 3Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran 4Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran Correspondence should be addressed to Bahador Sarkari; [email protected] Received 31 July 2015; Revised 13 September 2015; Accepted 21 September 2015 Academic Editor: Ogobara K. Doumbo Copyright © 2015 Gholam Reza Hatam et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The seroepidemiological condition of malaria in three main districts of Hormozgan Province, a low transmission area in southeast of Iran, was investigated. Methods. Sera samples (803) were collected from healthy volunteers from the three main districts (Bandar Lengeh in the west, Bandar Abbas in the center, and Bandar Jask in the east) of Hormozgan Province. A questionnaire was used to record the sociodemographic features of the participants during sample collecting. An in-house ELISA test, using crude antigens obtained from cell culture of Plasmodium falciparum, was adapted and used to detect anti-malaria antibodies in the sera.
    [Show full text]
  • Botanica Pacifica
    Russian Academy of Sciences, Far Eastern Branch Botanical Garden-Institute botanica pacifica A journal of plant science and conservation Volume 9, No. 1 2020 VLADIVOSTOK 2020 Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation. 2020. 9(1): 3–52 DOI: 10.17581/bp.2020.09113 Revision of the genus Viola L. (Violaceae) in the Russian Far East with notes on adjacent territories Marc Espeut Marc Espeut ABSTRACT e-mail: [email protected] This study proposes a revision of the genus Viola L. (Violaceae) in the Russian 34, rue de l'Agriculture, 66500 Prades, Far East and adjacent regions. It is based on the taxonomic work that Becker con- France ducted on the Asian Viola (1915–1928), but also on Clausen's cytotaxonomic stud- ies (1926–1964) that laid the foundations of the genus' phylogeny. Chromosome counts, as well as phylogenetic analyses, have allowed to specify the infrageneric taxonomy and establish relationships between some taxa of American or Asian ad- Manuscript received: 09.03.2020 jacent territories. A systematic treatment based on the Biological Species Concept, Review completed: 22.04.2020 associated with genetic, cytotaxonomic, and biogeographic data, allowed many sys- Accepted for publication: 02.05.2020 tematic and nomenclatural changes, at different levels: infrageneric, specific and Published online: 07.05.2020 infraspecific. This study shows the remarkable role of the Russian Far East for the conservation and differentiation of the genus Viola species, and probably for the whole flora of the Holarctic Kingdom. Keywords: Violaceae, Viola, Russian Far East, typifications, taxonomic novelties, no- TABLE OF CONTENTS menclatural novelties Introduction ..........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Trans-Baykal (Rusya) Bölgesi'nin Coğrafyasi
    International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE) To Cite This Article: Can, R. R. (2021). Geography of the Trans-Baykal (Russia) region. International Journal of Geography and Geography Education (IGGE), 43, 365-385. Submitted: October 07, 2020 Revised: November 01, 2020 Accepted: November 16, 2020 GEOGRAPHY OF THE TRANS-BAYKAL (RUSSIA) REGION Trans-Baykal (Rusya) Bölgesi’nin Coğrafyası Reyhan Rafet CAN1 Öz Zabaykalskiy Kray (Bölge) olarak isimlendirilen saha adını Rus kâşiflerin ilk kez 1640’ta karşılaştıkları Daur halkından alır. Rusçada Zabaykalye, Balkal Gölü’nün doğusu anlamına gelir. Trans-Baykal Bölgesi, Sibirya'nın en güneydoğusunda, doğu Trans-Baykal'ın neredeyse tüm bölgesini işgal eder. Bölge şiddetli iklim koşulları; birçok mineral ve hammadde kaynağı; ormanların ve tarım arazilerinin varlığı ile karakterize edilir. Rusya Federasyonu'nun Uzakdoğu Federal Bölgesi’nin bir parçası olan on bir kurucu kuruluşu arasında bölge, alan açısından altıncı, nüfus açısından dördüncü, bölgesel ürün üretimi açısından (GRP) altıncı sıradadır. Bölge topraklarından geçen Trans-Sibirya Demiryolu yalnızca Uzak Doğu ile Rusya'nın batı bölgeleri arasında bir ulaşım bağlantısı değil, aynı zamanda Avrasya geçişini sağlayan küresel altyapının da bir parçasıdır. Bölgenin üretim yapısında sanayi, tarım ve ulaşım yüksek bir paya sahiptir. Bu çalışmada Trans-Baykal Bölgesi’nin fiziki, beşeri ve ekonomik coğrafya özellikleri ele alınmıştır. Trans-Baykal Bölgesinin coğrafi özelliklerinin yanı sıra, ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda konu ile ilgili kurumsal raporlardan ve alan araştırmalarından yararlanılmıştır. Bu çalışma sonucunda 350 yıldan beri Rus gelenek, kültür ve yaşam tarzının devam ettiği, farklı etnik grupların toplumsal birliği sağladığı, yer altı kaynaklarının bölge ekonomisi için yüzyıllardır olduğu gibi günümüzde de önem arz ettiği, coğrafyasının halkın yaşam şeklini belirdiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
    [Show full text]