http://www.api.faa.gov/handbook96/toc96.htm

Statistical Handbook of Aviation Table of Contents

TABLES

Preface (View) Note: If you need assistance in downloading these files, please refer to Downloading Files. Viewing the files requires Acrobat Reader software. To download the Acrobat Reader software, click this button:

I. THE FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION

Introduction (View)

Note: If you need assistance in downloading these files, please refer to Downloading Files.

● 1-1 FAA Budget Authority: Fiscal Years 1991 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 1-2 FAA Civilian Employees at End of Fiscal and Calendar Year: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 1-3 Number of Total Paid FAA employees as of December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

II. THE NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

Introduction (View)

● 2-1 FAA Air Route Facilities and Services: 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-2 Air Traffic Activity at Air Route Traffic Control Centers, by Aviation Category: FISCAL YEARS 1990 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-3 Air Traffic Activity at Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Aviation Category: FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-4 Air Traffic Activity at FAA Facilities, by Aviation Category: FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-5 Air Traffic Activity at Flight Service Facilities: FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-6 Top 50 FAA-Operated Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Rank Order of Total Operations

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● 2-7 Top 50 FAA-Operated Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Rank Order of Air Carrier Operations and by Aviation Category: FISCAL YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-8 Total FAA Air Traffic Activity by Region and State, and by FAA & FAA Contracted Air Traffic Control Towers, Air Route Traffic Control Centers, and all Flight Service Stations: FISCAL YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-9 Air Traffic Activity at Air Route Traffic Control Centers, by Aviation Category: CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-10 Air Traffic Activity at FAA & Contract Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Aviation Category: CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-11 Air Traffic Instrument Activity at FAA & Contract Facilities, by Aviation Category: CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-12 Air Traffic Activity at Flight Service Facilities: CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-13 Top 50 FAA-Operated Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Rank Order of Total Operations and by Aviation Category: CALENDAR YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-14 Top 50 FAA-Operated Airport Traffic Control Towers, by Rank Order of Air Carrier Operations and by Aviation Category: CALENDAR YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

● 2-15 Total FAA Air Traffic Activity by Region and State, and by FAA-Operated Air Traffic Control Towers, Air Route Traffic Control Centers, and all Flight Service Stations: CALENDAR YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

III. AIRPORTS

Introduction (View)

● 3.1 U.S. Civil and Joint-Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases on Record: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 3.2 U.S. Civil and Joint-Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases and Reported Abandonments on Record, by FAA Region and State: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 3.3 U.S. Civil and Joint-Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases on Record, by Type of Ownership, by FAA Region and State: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 3.4 U.S. Civil and Joint-Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases on Record, by Length of Longest Runway, by FAA Region and State: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 3.5 U.S. Civil and Joint-Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases on Record by FAA Region and State and Other Areas: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 3.6 Airport Improvement Program: FISCAL YEAR 1996 (View) (Download)

IV. AIRPORT ACTIVITY OF CERTIFICATED ROUTE AIR CARRIERS

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Introduction (View)

● 4.1 Certificated Route Air Carriers as of December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.2 American Flag Airline Traffic Enplaned-System Total: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.3 American Flag Airline Traffic Enplaned-50 States: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.4 American Flag Airline Traffic Enplaned-U.S. Territories: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail, by Type of Service, by Carrier Group, and by Air Carrier: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail, by Type of Service, by State and U. S. Area: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.7 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail, in All Services at Large Air Traffic Hubs: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.8 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail, in All Services at Medium Air Traffic Hubs: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.9 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail, in All Services at Small Air Traffic Hubs: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 4.10 Top 100 Airports in Rank Order by Total Enplaned Passengers: 1996 (View) (Download)

V. U.S. AIR CARRIER AIRCRAFT

Introduction (View)

● 5.1 Total Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers, by Type of Aircraft: December 31, 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 5.2 Total Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers, by Manufacturer and Model-December 31, 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 5.3 Total Flight Hours for Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers, by Manufacturer and Model-December 31, 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 5.4 Total Large Aircraft Reported in Operation by Large Air Carriers by Air Carrier by Engine Type-December 31, 1997 (View) (Download)

● 5.5 Total Small Aircraft Reported in Operation by Commuter Air Carriers by Commuter by Engine Type-December 31, 1997 (View) (Download)

VI. U.S. CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS--OPERATING DATA

Introduction (View)

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● 6.1 Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1995 and 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.2 Traffic Data. All Services (Scheduled and Nonscheduled) of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1995 and 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.3 Revenue Aircraft Departures, Miles and Hours Flown, and Average Speed in Domestic All Services of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.4 Revenue Aircraft Departures, Miles and Hours Flown, and Average Speed in International All Services of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.5 Total Ton Miles Available in All Services of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.6 Revenue Ton Miles Flown in All Services by the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.7 Passenger Operations in Scheduled Domestic Operations of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6.8 Passenger Operations in Scheduled International Operations of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-9 Revenue Aircraft Miles Flown in All Services of the Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-10 Operating Revenue of Domestic Operations, All Services of Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-11 Operating Expenses of Domestic Operations, All Services of Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-12 Operating Revenue of International Operations, All Services of Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-13 Operating Expenses of International Operations, All Services of Large Certificated Air Carriers: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 6-14 Regional/Commuter Air Carriers, Traffic Data: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

VII. U.S. CIVIL AIRMEN

Introduction (View)

● 7-1 Estimated Active Airmen Certificates Held: December 31,1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-2 Estimated Active Women Airmen Certificates Held: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-3 Estimated Active Pilot Certificates Held by Class of Certificate By FAA Region: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-4 Estimated Active Pilot Certificates Held by Class of Certificate: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-5 Estimated Active Pilots and Flight Instructors by FAA Region and State: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

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● 7-6 Estimated Active Women Pilots and Flight Instructors by FAA Region and State: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-7 Estimated Active Helicopter Pilots by Class of Certificate: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-8 Estimated Active Glider Pilots by Class of Certificate: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-9 Estimated Instrument Ratings Held by Class of Certificate by FAA Region: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-10 Estimated Instrument Ratings Held by Class of Certificate: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-11 Estimated Total Pilots and Instrument Rated Pilots: December 31, 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-12 Estimated Active Pilot Certificates Held by Category and Age Group of Holder: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-13 Average Age of Active Pilots by Category: December 31,1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-14 Nonpilot Airmen Certificates Held by FAA Region and State: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-15 Women Nonpilot Airmen Certificates Held by FAA Region and State: December 31, 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-16 Airmen Certificates Issued by Category and Conductor: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-17 Original Airmen Certificates Issued: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-18 Additional Airmen Certificates Issued: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-19 Airmen Certificates Approved/Disapproved by Category and Conductor: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-20 Percentage of Airmen Certificate Issuances Approved by Category and Conductor: 1992 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-21 Instrument Rating Issued: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 7-22 Student Certificates Issued by Month: 1987 -1996 (View) (Download)

VIII. U.S. GENERAL AIRCRAFT

Introduction (View)

● 8.1 Active General Aviation Aircraft Type and Primary Use: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.2 Active General Aviation Aircraft by Aircraft Type- 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.3 Active General Aviation Aircraft by Primary Use- 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.4 Active General Aviation Aircraft Total Hours Flown by Aircraft Type by Primary Use: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.5 Active General Aviation Aircraft Total Hours Flown by Aircraft Type: 1987-1996 (View)

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● 8.6 Active General Aviation Aircraft Total Hours Flown by Primary Use: 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.7 Active General Aviation Aircraft Average Hours Flown by Aircraft Type: 1987-1996 (View) (Download)

● 8.8 Active General Aviation Aircraft and Hours Flown by FAA Region and State of Based Aircraft: 1996 (View) (Download)

IX. AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS

Introduction (View)

● 9.1 Air Carrier and General Aviation Aircraft Accidents and Fatalities: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.2 Airline Accidents, Fatalities and Rates: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.3 Airline Fatal Accidents, Fatalities: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.4 Airlines: Scheduled and Nonscheduled Service, Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.5 Airlines: Scheduled Service, Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.6 Airlines: Nonscheduled Service, Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.7 Commuter Air Carrier Fatal Accidents, Fatalities: 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.8 Commuter Air Carrier Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.9 On-Demand Air Taxi Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 9.10 General Aviation Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

X. AERONAUTICAL PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS/EXPORTS

Introduction (View)

● 10.1 Total Civil Aircraft Production, Weight, and Cost: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 10.2 Number of Shipments of Complete Civil Aircraft: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 10.3 Number of U.S. Imports of Civil Aircraft: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

● 10.4 Number of U.S. Exports of Civil Aircraft: 1987 - 1996 (View) (Download)

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The Department of Transportation Act of 1966 established a new executive department known as the Department of Transportation. The general welfare, economic growth, stability, and security of the nation pointed to the need for the development of national transportation policies and programs effectively using the nation’s transportation resources. The Act provided for the inclusion of the Federal Aviation Agency in the Department as the Federal Aviation Administration.

Directed by an Administrator, who is appointed by the President, by and with the advise and consent of the Senate, the FAA has as its primary function the fostering of the safety and development of American aviation. More specifically, the FAA is responsible for developing the major policies necessary to guide the long-range growth of civil aviation; modernizing the air traffic control system; establishing in a single authority the essential management functions necessary to support the common needs of civil and military operations; provide for the most effective and efficient use of the airspace over the United States; and for the rule making responsibilities relative to these functions.

The FAA constructs, operates, and maintains the National Airspace System and the facilities which are a part of the system; it allocates and regulates the use of the airspace; it ensures adequate separation between aircraft operating in controlled airspace; and, through research and development programs, it provides new systems and equipment for improving utilization of the nation’s airspace.

The FAA prescribes and administers rules and regulations concerning airmen competency, aircraft airworthiness, and air traffic control. It promotes safety through certification of airlines, airmen, aircraft maintenance facilities, and aviation schools. It reviews the design, structure, and performance of new aircraft to insure the safety of the flying public.

Services provided by the FAA toward the development of aviation and air commerce include:

Dissemination of news and information on civil aviation generally;

Publication of flight information data for pilots;

Development of medical standards for airmen through aviation medical research;

Technical aviation assistance to other governments, operation of overseas civil aviation missions, and the aviation training of foreign nationals;

Research and development in the field of aeronautics and electronic; and,

Other activities required to encourage and foster the worldwide development of civil aviation and air commerce.

Policies governing these programs are developed in the Washington headquarters of FAA and are executed by field employees.

The FAA has nine regional offices strategically located throughout the United States as well as the FAA Technical Center at Atlantic City, New Jersey, and the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

1-1 TABLE 1.1

FAA BUDGET AUTHORITY

FISCAL YEARS 1991-1996

($ IN MILLIONS)

Appropriation 1991 1992 1993 1994 1 1995 1996 Total $7,937.7 $8,872.1 $9,167.9 $8,644.6 $8,324.3 $8,154.3 3 Operations (General Fund) $2,034.3 $2,250.4 $2,258.6 $2,286.0 $2,132.3 $2,419.9 Operations (Airport and Airway Trust Fund) $2,003.0 $2,109.6 $2,279.3 $2,294.5 $2,450.3 $2,222.9 Facilities and Equipment (Airport and Airway Trust Fund) $2,095.4 $2,394.0 $2,350.0 $2,120.1 $2,032.5 2 $1,874.9 2 Grants-in-Aid for Airports (Airport and Airway Trust Fund) Contract Authority $1,600.0 $1,900.0 $2,050.0 $1,690.0 $2,161.0 $2,214.0 (Obligation Limitation) ($1,834.5) ($1,900.0) ($1,800.0) ($1,690.0) ($1,450.0) ($1,450.0) Research, Engineering and Development (Airport and Airway Trust Fund) $205.0 $218.1 $230.0 $254.0 $259.2 $185.7

1 Total includes proposed rescission of $531.2 million. 2 F&E reflect rescissions of $55.0 million in 1995 and $60 million in 1996 3 Total includes a $.9 million carryover SOURCE: Budget in Brief, for years FY 91-FY97

1-2 TABLE 1.2 FAA CIVILIAN EMPLOYEES AT END OF FISCAL AND CALENDAR YEARS 1987 - 1996

Full Time Permanment Date FAA Total Washington Washington Other Total Paid Office Field Field

Sep-87 47,897 2,142 152 44,204 46,498 Dec-87 47,907 2,156 157 44,148 46,461

Sep-88 49,002 2,267 159 45,119 47,545 Dec-88 49,210 2,315 158 45,237 47,710

Sep-89 50,875 2,474 159 46,753 49,386 Dec-89 50,977 2,630 172 46,716 49,518

Sep-90 52,010 2,809 197 47,635 50,641 Dec-90 51,269 2,849 213 46,916 49,978

Sep-91 53,959 3,072 274 48,971 52,317 Dec-91 54,119 3,153 301 48,949 52,403

Sep-92 53,972 3,260 322 48,876 52,458 Dec-92 53,871 3,360 331 48,690 52,381

Sep-93 53,117 3,405 371 47,911 51,687 Dec-93 52,680 3,433 362 47,612 51,407

Sep-94 49,386 3,110 396 44,907 48,413 Dec-94 48,932 3,094 398 44,536 48,028

Sep-95 48,615 3,042 428 44,269 47,739 Dec-95 48,324 3,062 429 44,005 47,496

Sep-96 48,611 3,099 440 44,301 47,840 Dec-96 48,618 3,133 444 44,263 47,840

NOTE: FAA Total Paid includes full-time, part-time, and intermittent. Full time includes permanent paid full-time employees who occupy permanent positions. Washington Office includes all paid Washington headquarters employees whose duty station is Washington, D.C. Washington Field includes all paid Washington, D.C. employees in other states or foreign countries. Other Field includes all paid employees whose duty stations are in the regions or centers.

TABLE 1.3 NUMBER OF TOTAL PAID FAA EMPLOYEES AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

Occupation 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total 47,907 49,210 50,977 51,269 54,119 53,871 52,680 48,932 48,324 48,618 Air Traffic Control Specialists 22,651 23,520 24,368 24,339 25,293 24,983 24,630 23,628 23,208 22,823 Electronics Technicians 6,788 6,627 6,508 6,458 6,641 6,572 6,262 2,306 1,236 1,330 Airway Transportation System Specialist N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 4,225 5,513 5,597 Aviation Safety Inspectors 2,350 2,499 2,766 2,984 3,101 3,017 2,920 2,813 2,991 3,265 Engineers 2,579 2,640 2,657 2,736 3,073 3,208 3,198 2,891 2,810 2,860 All Others 13,539 13,924 14,678 14,752 16,011 16,091 15,670 13,069 12,566 12,743

NOTE: Airway Transportation System Specialist Series created end of CY 1993

1-3 II. THE NATIONAL AIRSPACE SYSTEM

This chapter furnishes terminal and en route air traffic activity information for the National Airspace System for fiscal and calendar years. The data have been reported by the FAA-operated airport traffic control towers, air route traffic control centers, and flight service facilities (flight service stations, automated flight service stations, and international flight service stations). Terminal information includes airport operations, instrument operations and instrument approaches. Airport operations are takeoffs and landings. ThIs information is reported by towers by aviation category-air carrier, air taxi, general aviation, and military. Data for Air Route Traffic Control Centers (ARTCCs) include departures, overflights, and aircraft handled. Activities for flight service stations, automated flight service stations, and international flight service stations include flight plans originated, airport advisories, pilot brief, and aircraft contacted. More detailed data pertaining to activity at each facility may be found inFAA Air Traffic Activity.

DEFINITIONS Air Carrier-- An aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation. This includes US and foreign flag carriers. Air Route Traffic Control Center -- A facility established to provide air traffic control service to aircraft operating on an IFR flight plan within controlled airspace and principally during the en route phase of flight. When equipment capabilities and controller workload permit, certain advisory/assistance service may be provided to VFR aircraft. Air Taxi -- An aircraft designed to have a maximum seating capacity of 60 seats or less or a maximum payload capacity of 18,000 pounds or less carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation. Air Traffic -- Aircraft operating in the air or on airport surfaces, exclusive of loading ramps and parking areas. Air Traffic Control Service (ATC) -- A service provided by a control tower for aircraft operating on the movement area and in the vicinity of an airport. Aircraft Contacted -- Aircraft with which the flight service stations have established radio communications contact. One count is made for each en route landing or departing aircraft contacted by a flight service station regardless of the number of contacts made with an individual aircraft during the same flight. A flight contacting five FSSs would be counted as five aircraft contacted. Airport Advisory Service -- A service provided by flight service stations at airports not served by a control tower. This service consists of providing information to arriving and departing aircraft concerning wind direction/speed-favored runway, altimeter setting, pertinent known traffic/field conditions, airport taxi routes/traffic patterns, and authorized instrument approach procedures. Airport Operations -- The number of arrivals and departures (takeoffs and landings) from the airport at which the airport traffic control tower is located. There are two types of operations: local and itinerant. 1. Local operations are performed by aircraft which: (a) operate in the local traffic pattern or within sight of the airport; (b) are known to be departing for, or arriving from, flight in local practice areas located within a 20-mile radius of the airport; (c) execute simulated instrument approaches or low passes at the airport. 2. Itinerant operations are all aircraft operations other than local operations. Airport Traffic Control Tower -- A terminal facility which, through the use of air/ground communications, visual signaling, and other devices, provides Air Traffic Control services to airborne aircraft operating in the vicinity of an airport and to aircraft operating on the movement area. These towers may be operated by the FAA or by a municipality. The municipality has the option of using its own employees or subcontracting for these services. Approach -- The last phase of flight before landing Defense Visual Flight Rules (DVFR)-- Rules applicable to flights within an Air Defense Identification Zone conducted under the visual flight rules in Federal Air Regulation, Part 91. Flight Plan --Specified oral or written information about the intended flight of an aircraft that is filed with air traffic control. Flight Plans Originated-- The first flight service station which receives a flight plan. Flight Service Station -- Air traffic service facilities within the National Airspace System which provide preflight pilot briefings and en route communications with VFR flights, assist lost IFR/DVFR & VFR aircraft, assist aircraft having emergencies, relay ATC clearances, originate, classify, and disseminate NOTAMS, broadcast aviation weather and NAS information, receive and

2-1 close flight plans, monitor radio NAVAIDS, notify search & rescue units of missing VFR aircraft and operate the national weather teletypewriter systems. In addition, at selected locations, FSSs take weather observations, issue airport advisories, administer airmen written examinations, and advise Customs & Immigration of transborder flights. General Aviation Operations -- Takeoffs and landings of all civil aircraft, except those classified as air carriers or air taxis. IFR Aircraft Handled -- The number of ARTCC IFR departures multiplied by two, plus the number of IFR overs. This formula assumes that the number of departures is equal to the number of arrivals. IFR Departures -- An IFR flight which originates in an ARTCC’s area and enters that center’s airspace. IFR Overs -- An IFR flight that originates outside the ARTCC areas and passes through the area without landing.

Instrument Approache -- Approach made to an airport by an aircraft with an IFR flight plan when visibility is less than 3 miles or ceiling is at or below the minimum initial approach altitude. Instrument Flight-- Basic flight operation without reference to outside visual cues. Instrument Flight Rules (IFR)-- Rules governing the procedures for conducting instrument flight. Instrument Operation -- Arrivals or departures of an aircraft in accordance with an IFR flight plan or special VFR procedures or an operation where IFR separation between aircraft is provided by a terminal control facility International Flight Service Station (IFSS)-- A central operations facility in the flight advisory system, manned and equipped to control aeronautical point-to-point telecommunications, and air/ground telecommunications with pilots operating over international territory or waters, providing flight plan following, weather information, search and rescue action, and other flight assistance operations. Military Operations -- All classes of military operations at FAA air traffic facilities. National Airspace System (NAS)-- The common network of US airspace; air navigation facilities, equipment and services, airports or landing areas; aeronautical charts, information and services; rules, regulations and procedures, technical information, and human resources and material. Navigational Aids (NAVAIDS )-- Any visual or electronic device airborne or on the surface which provides point-to-point guidance information or position data to aircraft in flight. Notices To Airmen (NOTAMS)-- A notice containing information (not known sufficiently in advance to publicize by other means) concerning the establishment, condition, or change in any component (facility, service, or procedure of, or hazard in the NAS) the timely knowledge of which is essential to personnel concerned with flight operations. Pilot Briefing -- A service provided by a FSS, AFSS, IFSS, AIFSS to assist pilots in flight planning. Briefing items may include weather information, NOTAMS, military activities, flow control information, and other items as requested. Telephone Information Briefing Service (TIBS)-- A continuous telephone recording of meteorological and/or aeronautical information. Total Automated Flight Services -- The sum of TFS, plus TIBS Calls Received, plus NOTAMS. Total Flight Services (TFS)-- The sum of flight plans originated and pilots briefs multiplied by two, plus the number of aircraft contacted. Visual Flight Rules (VFR)-- Rules that govern the procedures to conducting flight under visual conditions.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

2-2 TABLE 2.1 FAA AIR ROUTE FACILITIES AND SERVICES: 1992-1996

Inter- Nondirec- Air Route Airport national tional Traffic Traffic Flight Flight Instrument VOR/ Radio Control Control Service Service Landing Radar December 31 VORTAC Beacons Centers Towers Stations Stations Systems Equipment 1992 1,046 1,263 25 686 255 3 1,100 312 1993 1,045 1,271 25 686 235 3 1,120 311 1994 1,045 1,295 24 694 192 3 1,114 318 1995 1,044 1,314 24 691 179 3 1,177 312 1996 1,041 1,344 24 684 135 3 1,231 310 1/ Includes 69 nonfederal and 29 military. 2/ Includes 976 nonfederal and 54 military. 3/ Includes 3 CERAPS. 4/ Includes 42 nonfederal and 176 military. 5/ Includes 58 AFSS. 6/ Includes 245 Partial, 25 LDA, 1 ISMLS, 25 SDF, 228 nonfederal and 14 military. 7/ Includes FAA/military/nonfederal.

2-3 TABLE 2.2 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, BY AVIATION CATEGORY FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996

AIRCRAFT HANDLED Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

1996 40,419,365 1% 21,944,441 5% 6,656,215 -4% 7,857,077 0% 3,961,632 -10% 1995 40,149,335 3% 20,993,165 5% 6,946,274 6% 7,824,408 2% 4,385,488 -5% IFR 1994 38,876,144 4% 20,018,252 5% 6,541,924 5% 7,685,430 3% 4,630,538 -4% Aircraft 1993 37,451,541 2% 18,981,121 3% 6,205,499 6% 7,433,281 1% 4,831,640 -6% Handled 1/ 1992 36,728,538 1% 18,347,269 + * 5,864,392 5% 7,393,276 +* 5,123,601 -1%

1996 14,838,240 -1% 7,246,978 3% 3,063,437 -3% 3,198,000 -1% 1,329,825 -12% IFR 1995 14,925,881 3% 7,044,621 5% 3,150,298 6% 3,218,333 2% 1,512,629 -8% Departures 1994 14,477,977 4% 6,703,883 6% 2,981,298 4% 3,150,380 3% 1,642,416 -4% 1993 13,953,330 2% 6,314,530 2% 2,863,077 5% 3,069,589 0% 1,706,134 -2% 1992 13,725,661 1% 6,180,967 - * 2,727,617 4% 3,067,703 -* 1,749,374 1%

1996 10,742,885 4% 7,450,485 8% 529,341 -18% 1,461,077 5% 1,301,982 -4% IFR Overs 2/ 1995 10,297,573 4% 6,903,923 4% 645,678 11% 1,387,742 0% 1,360,230 1% 1994 9,920,190 4% 6,610,486 4% 579,328 21% 1,384,670 7% 1,345,706 -5% 1993 9,544,881 3% 6,352,061 6% 479,345 17% 1,294,103 3% 1,419,372 -13% 1992 9,277,216 2% 5,985,335 2% 409,158 19% 1,257,870 1% 1,624,853 -3% 1/ The number of IFR Departures multiplied by two, plus the number of IFR Overs. 2/ Domestic plus oceanic overs. * Less than 0.5 percent.

TABLE 2.3 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT FAA & CONTRACT AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY AVIATION CATEGORY FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996

AIRPORT OPERATIONS Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Total Airport 1996 61,908,985 -1% 13,893,381 2% 10,170,380 -1% 35,298,290 -2% 2,546,934 -3% Operations 1995 62,420,427 0% 13,647,388 4% 10,234,157 1% 35,926,520 -1% 2,612,362 1% 1994 62,182,518 1% 13,168,490 5% 10,175,527 3% 36,253,861 -1% 2,584,640 -5% 1993 61,756,161 -2% 12,594,856 1% 9,831,829 4% 36,600,990 -5% 2,728,486 -5% 1992 63,138,662 * 12,443,997 -1% 9,461,960 5% 38,354,750 -1% 2,877,955 11%

Itinerant 1996 46,198,201 * 13,893,381 2% 10,170,380 -1% 20,823,048 0% 1,311,392 -2% Operations 1995 46,073,573 1% 13,647,388 4% 10,234,157 1% 20,860,363 -1% 1,331,665 0% 1994 45,740,140 2% 13,168,490 5% 10,175,527 3% 21,063,412 0% 1,332,711 -7% 1993 44,993,858 -1% 12,594,856 1% 9,831,829 4% 21,136,686 -4% 1,430,487 -4% 1992 45,444,118 1% 12,443,997 -1% 9,461,960 5% 22,047,972 -1% 1,490,189 11%

Local 1996 15,710,784 -4% ------14,475,242 -4% 1,235,542 -4% Operations 1995 16,346,854 -1% ------15,066,157 -1% 1,280,697 2% 1994 16,442,378 -2% ------15,190,449 -2% 1,251,929 -4% 1993 16,762,303 -5% ------15,464,304 -5% 1,297,999 -6% 1992 17,694,544 -1% ------16,306,778 -2% 1,387,766 12% * Less than 0.5 percent.

2-4 TABLE 2.4 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT FAA & CONTRACT FACILITIES, BY AVIATION CATEGORY FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996

Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Total Instrument 1996 47,151,567 0% 14,868,099 1% 10,892,720 0% 18,065,857 -1% 3,324,891 -7% Operations 1995 47,364,377 1% 14,653,211 3% 10,929,200 1% 18,211,990 1% 3,569,976 -3% 1994 46,898,997 2% 14,271,854 5% 10,838,297 3% 18,118,224 2% 3,670,622 -6% 1993 45,863,016 0% 13,652,372 1% 10,516,202 5% 17,796,214 -2% 3,898,228 -6% 1992 45,821,944 1% 13,458,036 -1% 9,970,481 5% 18,234,768 +*% 4,158,659 4%

Total Instrument 1996 2,634,204 4% 1,034,574 8% 715,492 8% 797,307 -3% 86,831 -9% Approaches 1995 2,539,389 18% 958,754 24% 661,921 12% 822,944 17% 95,770 5% 1994 2,153,326 -13% 770,542 -8% 590,161 -13% 701,195 -19% 91,428 -14% 1993 2,487,271 0% 833,848 5% 676,273 6% 870,437 -7% 106,713 0% 1992 2,477,052 -3% 795,356 4% 637,871 - * 936,776 -11% 107,049 18%

Total Instrument 1996 2,408,518 3% 1,018,697 8% 639,999 7% 676,404 -6% 73,418 -9% Approaches at 1995 2,347,626 17% 946,547 24% 597,925 10% 722,369 17% 80,785 3% Control 1994 2,002,533 -13% 760,383 -7% 544,449 -12% 618,896 -20% 78,805 -14% Facilities 1/ 1993 2,309,339 2% 821,600 5% 618,221 9% 777,397 -5% 92,121 -1% 1992 2,265,779 20% 783,014 9% 568,162 21% 821,881 32% 92,722 19% 1/ Excludes instrument approaches provided by Air Route Traffic Control Centers. * Less than 0.5 percent.

TABLE 2.5 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT FLIGHT SERVICE FACILITIES FISCAL YEARS 1992 - 1996

Flight Services Flight Plans Originated Pilot Briefs Aircraft Contacted Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Flight Service 1996 34,546,120 -2% 6,628,953 5% 8,692,321 -5% 3,903,572 -8% Stations & 1995 35,218,849 -2% 6,327,596 2% 9,161,713 -3% 4,240,231 -9% Automated 1994 35,921,953 -4% 6,178,366 0% 9,465,254 -5% 4,634,713 -6% Flight Service 1993 37,269,192 -6% 6,188,771 -4% 9,975,172 -7% 4,941,306 -10% Stations 1992 39,734,200 -3% 6,436,661 -3% 10,683,101 -3% 5,494,676 -5%

Flight Service 1996 1,332,070 -41% 140,309 -49% 133,132 -54% 785,188 -30% Stations 1995 2,251,936 -44% 275,096 -49% 292,035 -59% 1,117,674 -27% 1994 4,032,316 -27% 544,314 -29% 703,793 -32% 1,536,102 -19% 1993 5,495,413 -25% 767,566 -25% 1,033,101 -34% 1,894,079 -12% 1992 7,324,711 -14% 1,023,522 -14% 1,558,845 -18% 2,159,977 -7%

Automated 1996 33,214,050 +* 6,488,644 7% 8,559,189 -4% 3,118,384 0% Flight Service 1995 32,966,913 3% 6,052,500 +* 8,869,678 1% 3,122,557 1% Stations 1994 31,889,637 +* 5,634,052 4% 8,761,461 -2% 3,098,611 2% 1993 31,773,779 -2% 5,421,205 +* 8,942,071 -2% 3,047,227 -9% 1992 32,409,489 -* 5,413,139 +* 9,124,256 -* 3,334,699 -4% ** The sum of flight plans originated and pilot briefs, multiplied by two, plus the number of aircraft contacted. * Less than 0.5 percent.

2-5 TABLE 2.6 TOP 50 FAA-OPERATED AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY RANK ORDER OF TOTAL OPERATIONS AND BY AVIATION CATEGORY INCLUDING AIR CARRIER RANK FISCAL YEAR 1996

Total Air Carrier Tower Air General Rank Operations Rank Operations Taxi Aviation Military Chicago O'Hare Int'l, IL 1 909,186 1 751,067 119,735 35,526 2,858 Dallas/ Ft. Worth Int'l, TX 2 869,831 2 612,269 228,415 27,965 1,182 Atlanta Int'l, GA 3 772,597 3 592,353 154,439 23,005 2,800 Los Angeles Int'l, CA 4 764,002 4 497,792 237,928 25,072 3,210 Miami Int'l, FL 5 546,487 10 314,540 161,235 64,441 6,271 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l, AZ 6 544,363 6 353,981 87,085 96,593 6,704 Van Nuys, CA 7 532,221 255 17 3,095 528,659 450 Detroit Metro Wayne County, MI 8 531,098 7 349,630 100,370 79,532 1,566 St. Louis Int'l, MO 9 517,352 5 360,760 116,432 34,042 6,118 Oakland Int'l, CA 10 516,498 29 169,641 64,734 280,800 1,323 Minneapolis St. Paul Int'l, MN 11 483,570 12 303,732 121,922 55,004 2,912 Long Beach, CA 12 481,937 137 8,143 4,837 467,412 1,545 Las Vegas McCarran Int'l, NV 13 479,625 14 274,934 76,603 109,276 18,812 Santa Ana/Orange County, CA 14 474,976 53 80,989 20,404 373,310 273 Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood, FL 15 472,684 23 200,290 121,998 148,840 1,556 Boston Logan, MA 16 462,507 19 230,602 203,003 28,241 661 Charlotte Douglas, NC 17 457,054 15 268,596 124,820 60,099 3,539 Denver Int'l, CO 18 454,234 9 320,243 109,527 23,656 808 Pittsburgh Greater Int'l, PA 19 447,436 16 258,339 152,420 27,414 9,263 Newark, NJ 20 443,431 11 312,547 111,421 19,245 218 San Francisco, CA 21 442,281 8 322,328 77,387 40,066 2,500 Philadelphia Int'l, PA 22 406,121 21 217,420 136,779 47,051 4,871 Seattle Tacoma Int'l, WA 23 397,591 18 238,421 151,262 7,642 266 Cincinnati Greater, KY 24 393,523 27 186,302 191,409 14,511 1,301 Houston Intercontinental, TX 25 391,939 13 292,203 75,474 23,656 606 Denver/Centennial, CO 26 376,977 NA 0 13,470 361,228 2,279 Honolulu, HI 27 374,965 22 205,600 60,536 84,929 23,900 Salt Lake City Int'l, UT 28 373,815 24 196,258 90,889 82,317 4,351 Memphis Int'l, TN 29 363,945 26 193,321 103,514 61,413 5,697 John F Kennedy Int'l, NY 30 360,511 20 226,607 118,700 14,716 488 Sacramento Metro, CA 31 348,234 30 159,850 76,478 102,922 8,984 Prescott, AZ 32 346,295 195 983 5,464 339,203 645 La Guardia, NY 33 342,618 17 241,063 81,369 19,873 313 Orlando Int'l, FL 34 341,942 25 194,726 112,651 29,286 5,279 Seattle Boeing, WA 35 339,321 130 8,877 40,727 287,522 2,195 Washington Dulles Int'l, VA 36 330,439 49 90,945 177,953 54,565 6,976 Pontiac, MI 37 320,016 207 446 20,984 298,462 124 Washington National, DC 38 309,754 28 176,339 80,078 48,503 4,834 Portland, Int'l, OR 39 305,964 36 119,872 127,312 48,231 10,549 Fort Worth Meacham, TX 40 301,094 229 106 1,227 299,309 452 Sanford, FL 41 292,741 180 1,984 120 290,438 199 Cleveland Hopkins Int'l, OH 42 291,029 33 145,362 112,324 30,301 3,042 Charleston AFB Municipal, SC 43 290,050 68 51,876 10,264 67,446 160,464 Greensboro/Piedmont Triad, NC 44 287,322 40 112,252 66,750 106,120 2,200 Anchorage Int'l, AK 45 283,611 42 105,593 77,538 96,977 3,503 San Jose Int'l, CA 46 278,941 39 115,785 9,125 153,600 431 Des Moines Int'l, IA 47 275,396 59 68,516 56,096 141,166 9,618 Tampa Int'l, FL 48 272,782 38 115,910 109,335 44,186 3,351 Baltimore Washington Int'l, MD 49 270,156 32 150,509 87,782 30,100 1,765 Daytona Beach, FL 50 268,631 136 8,360 2,981 255,923 1,367 (NA) Not applicable. NOTE: Total operations rank was based on total air traffic activity at 349 FAA-operated Towers. Air Carrier operations rank was based on air carrier activity at 290 FAA-operated Towers. Not all FAA-operated Towers handle air carrier operations.

2-6 TABLE 2.7 TOP 50 FAA-OPERATED AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY RANK ORDER OF AIR CARRIER OPERATIONS AND BY AVIATION CATEGORY INCLUDING TOTAL OPERATIONS RANK FISCAL YEAR 1996

Air Carrier Air General Total Tower Rank Operations Taxi Aviation Military Rank Operations Chicago O'Hare Int'l, IL 1 751,067 119,735 35,526 2,858 1 909,186 Dallas Ft. Worth Int'l, TX 2 612,269 228,415 27,965 1,182 2 869,831 Atlanta Int'l, GA 3 592,353 154,439 23,005 2,800 3 772,597 Los Angeles Int'l, CA 4 497,792 237,928 25,072 3,210 4 764,002 St. Louis Int'l, MO 5 360,760 116,432 34,042 6,118 9 517,352 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l, AZ 6 353,981 87,085 96,593 6,704 6 544,363 Detroit Metro Wayne, MI 7 349,630 100,370 79,532 1,566 8 531,098 San Francisco, CA 8 322,328 77,387 40,066 2,500 21 442,281 Denver Int'l, CO 9 320,243 109,527 23,656 808 18 454,234 Miami Int'l, FL 10 314,540 161,235 64,441 6,271 5 546,487 Newark, NJ 11 312,547 111,421 19,245 218 20 443,431 Minneapolis/St. Paul Int'l, MN 12 303,732 121,922 55,004 2,912 11 483,570 Houston Intercontinental, TX 13 292,203 75,474 23,656 606 25 391,939 Las Vegas McCarran, NV 14 274,934 76,603 109,276 18,812 13 479,625 Charlotte Douglas, NC 15 268,596 124,820 60,099 3,539 17 457,054 Pittsburgh Greater Int'l, PA 16 258,339 152,420 27,414 9,263 19 447,436 La Guardia, NY 17 241,063 81,369 19,873 313 33 342,618 Seattle Tacoma Int'l, WA 18 238,421 151,262 7,642 266 23 397,591 Boston Logan, MA 19 230,602 203,003 28,241 661 16 462,507 John F Kennedy Int'l, NY 20 226,607 118,700 14,716 488 30 360,511 Philadelphia Int'l, PA 21 217,420 136,779 47,051 4,871 22 406,121 Honolulu, HI 22 205,600 60,536 84,929 23,900 27 374,965 Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood, FL 23 200,290 121,998 148,840 1,556 15 472,684 Salt Lake City Int'l, UT 24 196,258 90,889 82,317 4,351 28 373,815 Orlando Int'l, FL 25 194,726 112,651 29,286 5,279 34 341,942 Memphis Int'l,TN 26 193,321 103,514 61,413 5,697 29 363,945 Cincinnati Greater, KY 27 186,302 191,409 14,511 1,301 24 393,523 Washington National, DC 28 176,339 80,078 48,503 4,834 38 309,754 Oakland Int'l, CA 29 169,641 64,734 280,800 1,323 10 516,498 Sacramento Metro, CA 30 159,850 76,478 102,922 8,984 31 348,234 San Diego Int'l/Lindbergh, CA 31 155,012 63,803 18,741 6,039 56 243,595 Baltimore Washington Int'l, MD 32 150,509 87,782 30,100 1,765 49 270,156 Cleveland Hopkins Int'l, OH 33 145,362 112,324 30,301 3,042 42 291,029 Chicago Midway, IL 34 126,057 48,431 77,514 2,349 52 254,351 Kansas City Int'l, MO 35 125,388 55,691 14,327 999 84 196,405 Portland Int'l, OR 36 119,872 127,312 48,231 10,549 39 305,964 Houston Hobby, TX 37 118,272 19,344 114,543 95 53 252,254 Tampa Int'l, FL 38 115,910 109,335 44,186 3,351 48 272,782 San Jose Int'l, CA 39 115,785 9,125 153,600 431 46 278,941 Greensboro/Piedmnt Triad, NC 40 112,252 66,750 106,120 2,200 44 287,322 Indianapolis Int'l, IN 41 108,612 71,570 53,700 2,058 60 235,940 Anchorage Int'l, AK 42 105,593 77,538 96,977 3,503 45 283,611 New Orleans Moisant, LA 43 100,839 37,415 23,761 1,195 120 163,210 Louisville Standford, KY 44 100,250 34,460 34,003 4,439 109 173,152 Dallas Love Field, TX 45 99,508 26,482 93,443 1,218 68 220,651 Ontario, CA 46 94,040 31,623 27,750 511 132 153,924 Raleigh Durham, NC 47 92,936 54,265 73,452 7,163 63 227,816 Nashville Metropolitan, TN 48 91,845 68,358 61,864 4,207 65 226,274 Washington Dulles Int'l, VA 49 90,945 177,953 54,565 6,976 36 330,439 Albuquerque Int'l, NM 50 86,901 35,185 56,199 23,969 77 202,254 Air Carrier operations rank was based on air carrier activity at 313 FAA-Operated Towers. Not all FAA-Operated Towers handle air carrier operations.

2-7 TABLE 2.8 TOTAL FAA AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY BY REGION AND STATE, AND BY FAA AND FAA-CONTRACTED TOWERS, AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, & FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS FISCAL YEAR 1996

FAA Region Airport Operations Aircraft Handled Total Flight Services and State (Towers) 1/ (Centers) (FSS) 2/ TOTAL 61,908,985 40,419,365 34,546,120 Alaskan--Total 1,090,032 536,849 1,673,592 Central--Total 2,457,386 1,973,994 2,734,235 Iowa 367,892 --- 653,086 Kansas 468,266 1,973,994 500,327 Missouri 1,231,784 --- 1,176,373 Nebraska 300,105 --- 404,449 Eastern--Total 7,956,148 4,448,797 3,520,198 Delaware 146,221 ------District of Columbia 309,754 2,303,227 714,690 Maryland 578,832 --- 75,357 New Jersey 1,295,969 --- 517,858 New York 2,374,263 2,145,570 711,000 Pennsylvania 1,798,269 --- 1,130,881 Virginia 1,140,531 ------West Virginia 312,309 --- 370,412 Great Lakes--Total 9,257,956 9,901,312 5,920,196 Illinois 2,758,847 2,874,221 769,354 Indiana 749,954 2,165,618 659,910 Michigan 2,029,269 --- 994,429 Minnesota 1,156,500 2,018,090 671,455 North Dakota 339,265 --- 317,435 Ohio 1,353,464 2,843,383 1,548,543 South Dakota 152,135 --- 316,253 Wisconsin 871,773 --- 642,817 New England--Total 2,607,398 1,716,573 1,861,510 Connecticut 602,273 --- 693,381 Maine 204,992 --- 551,552 Massachusetts 1,336,374 ------New Hampshire 233,758 1,716,573 --- Rhode Island 119,355 ------Vermont 110,646 --- 616,577 Northwest Mountain--Total 5,380,307 4,375,780 3,007,491 Colorado 1,433,864 1,499,215 680,178 Idaho 443,681 --- 202,336 Montana 261,480 --- 319,654 Oregon 975,449 --- 468,157 Utah 470,979 1,484,704 350,200 Washington 1,713,561 1,391,861 755,757 Wyoming 81,293 --- 231,209

2-8 TABLE 2.8 TOTAL FAA AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY BY REGION AND STATE, AND BY FAA AND FAA-CONTRACTED TOWERS, AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, & FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS FISCAL YEAR 1996

FAA Region Airport Operations Aircraft Handled Total Flight Services and State (Towers) 1/ (Centers) (FSS) 2/ Southern--Total 12,019,828 8,272,205 7,872,582 Alabama 640,245 --- 635,505 Florida 5,443,698 3,837,648 3,117,392 Georgia 1,541,507 2,455,018 757,613 Kentucky 902,042 --- 406,317 Mississippi 335,812 --- 293,377 North Carolina 1,110,193 --- 844,963 Puerto Rico 298,081 --- 250,651 South Carolina 545,237 --- 732,658 Tennessee 1,003,399 1,979,539 834,106 Virgin Islands 135,702 ------Southwest--Total 7,440,647 5,515,673 4,220,761 Arkansas 321,804 --- 449,161 Louisiana 971,639 --- 443,473 New Mexico 536,942 1,499,598 487,197 Oklahoma 990,753 --- 538,678 Texas 4,619,509 4,016,075 2,302,252 Western-Pacific--Total 13,699,283 3,678,182 3,735,555 American Samoa 14,083 ------Arizona 2,362,413 --- 597,833 California 9,497,090 3,549,180 2,619,654 Guam 61,156 129,002 --- Hawaii 876,301 --- 193,633 Marshall Islands 12,844 ------Nevada 875,396 --- 324,435 Wake Island ------1/ State operations may not sum to region total due to regional tower assignments. 2/ Includes domestic and international Flight Service Stations

2-9 TABLE 2.10 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT FAA & CONTRACT AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY AVIATION CATEGORY CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996

Airport Operations Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Total Airport 1996 61,817,425 -* 13,925,513 2% 10,130,260 -1% 35,205,866 -1% 2,560,485 -1% Operations 1995 62,074,306 -1% 13,661,471 2% 10,249,803 +* 35,579,641 -2% 2,583,391 +* 1994 62,452,572 1% 13,382,593 5% 10,201,780 3% 36,293,349 -1% 2,574,850 -* 1993 61,946,482 -2% 12,718,488 2% 9,951,421 4% 36,591,937 -4% 2,684,636 -7% 1992 63,018,680 1% 12,485,720 1% 9,558,104 6% 38,091,169 -1% 2,883,687 10%

Itinerant 1996 46,169,993 +* 13,925,513 2% 10,130,260 -1% 20,801,633 +* 1,312,587 -1% Operations 1995 46,032,373 +* 13,661,471 2% 10,249,803 +* 20,796,923 -1% 1,324,176 +* 1994 45,943,690 2% 13,382,593 5% 10,201,780 3% 21,039,473 -1% 1,319,844 -6% 1993 45,251,162 -* 12,718,488 2% 9,951,421 4% 21,172,337 -3% 1,408,916 -5% 1992 45,428,506 1% 12,485,720 1% 9,558,104 6% 21,894,055 -1% 1,490,627 10%

Local 1996 15,652,131 -2% ------14,404,233 -3% 1,247,898 -1% Operations 1995 16,041,933 -3% ------14,782,718 -3% 1,259,215 +* 1994 16,508,882 -1% ------15,253,876 -1% 1,255,006 -2% 1993 16,695,320 -5% ------15,419,600 -5% 1,275,720 -8% 1992 17,590,174 -* ------16,197,114 -1% 1,393,060 10% NOTE: This table now includes data from FAA and contract towers for 1990-1996. Earlier releases were based on FAA towers only. * Less than 0.5 percent.

2-11 TABLE 2.9 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, BY AVIATION CATEGORY CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996

AIRCRAFT HANDLED Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change IFR Aircraft 1996 40,700,635 2% 22,103,842 5% 6,713,432 -1% 7,960,647 2% 3,922,714 -9% Handled 1/ 1995 40,076,882 2% 21,146,480 4% 6,799,363 +* 7,797,354 1% 4,333,685 -2% 1994 39,343,270 4% 20,397,342 6% 6,791,297 9% 7,716,548 3% 4,438,083 -9% 1993 37,771,757 3% 19,158,938 4% 6,255,012 6% 7,496,547 2% 4,861,260 -4% 1992 36,684,473 1% 18,393,542 2% 5,896,440 5% 7,351,648 -1% 5,042,843 -1%

IFR Departures 1996 14,882,104 0% 7,249,725 2% 3,091,207 -* 3,228,982 1% 1,312,190 -12% 1995 14,873,395 1% 7,089,643 3% 3,098,462 1% 3,201,345 1% 1,483,945 -5% 1994 14,660,428 4% 6,850,449 7% 3,080,586 7% 3,169,074 2% 1,560,319 -10% 1993 14,096,262 3% 6,392,321 3% 2,873,784 5% 3,095,531 1% 1,734,626 -1% 1992 13,728,395 1% 6,192,103 1% 2,737,145 4% 3,051,416 -1% 1,747,731 1%

IFR Overs 2/ 1996 10,936,427 6% 7,604,392 9% 531,018 -12% 1,502,683 8% 1,298,334 -5% 1995 10,330,092 3% 6,967,194 4% 602,439 -4% 1,394,664 1% 1,365,795 4% 1994 10,022,414 5% 6,696,444 5% 630,125 24% 1,378,400 6% 1,317,445 -5% 1993 9,579,233 4% 6,374,296 6% 507,444 20% 1,305,485 5% 1,392,008 -10% 1992 9,227,683 3% 6,009,336 4% 422,150 14% 1,248,816 1% 1,547,381 -6% 1/ The number of IFR Departures multiplied by two, plus the number of IFR Overs. 2/ Domestic plus oceanic overs * Less than 0.5 percent.

2-10 TABLE 2.11 AIR TRAFFIC INSTRUMENT ACTIVITY AT FAA & CONTRACT FACILITIES, BY AVIATION CATEGORY CALENDAR YEARS 1992- 1996

Total Air Carrier Air Taxi General Aviation Military Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Total Instrument 1996 47,322,821 +* 14,923,265 2% 10,930,285 -* 18,173,355 +* 3,295,916 -7% Operations 1995 47,262,142 +* 14,634,490 1% 10,944,877 1% 18,150,469 +* 3,532,306 -2% 1994 47,059,401 2% 14,473,277 5% 10,850,005 2% 18,145,624 1% 3,590,495 -7% 1993 46,201,334 1% 13,791,025 2% 10,615,824 5% 17,926,270 -1% 3,868,215 -6% 1992 45,835,310 2% 13,512,444 1% 10,077,680 6% 18,115,062 +* 4,130,124 3%

Total Instrument 1996 2,777,335 11% 1,095,639 15% 754,413 13% 835,869 5% 91,414 +* Approaches 1995 2,504,546 NA 951,841 NA 664,894 NA 796,708 NA 91,103 NA 1994 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1993 2,304,055 -12% 777,842 -10% 631,502 -8% 797,932 -17% 96,779 -14% 1992 2,625,178 18% 864,772 15% 682,986 22% 964,275 19% 113,145 17%

Total Instrument 1996 2,528,417 9% 1,077,113 15% 668,072 11% 706,225 1% 77,007 1% Approaches at 1995 2,316,643 NA 938,843 NA 599,905 NA 701,287 NA 76,608 NA Control 1994 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Facilities 1/ 1993 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 1992 2,422,484 20% 851,880 15% 615,663 23% 856,394 23% 98,547 17% NOTE: This table now includes data from FAA and contract facilities for 1990-1996. Earlier releases were based on FAA facilities only. 1/ Excludes instrument approaches provided by Air Route Traffic Control Centers. * Less than 0.5 percent. NA No longer available.

2-12 TABLE 2.12 AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY AT FLIGHT SERVICE FACILITIES CALENDAR YEARS 1992 - 1996

Flight Services 1 Flight Plans Originated Pilot Briefs Aircraft Contacted Annual Annual Annual Annual Year Total Change Total Change Total Change Total Change

Flight Service 1996 34,808,580 0% 6,759,046 6% 8,713,234 -3% 3,864,020 -7% Stations & 1995 34,886,198 -3% 6,391,148 3% 8,982,653 -5% 4,138,596 -9% Automated 1994 35,841,462 -3% 6,202,098 0% 9,433,134 -4% 4,570,998 -6% Flight Service 1993 36,799,959 -7% 6,171,636 -4% 9,798,868 -8% 4,858,951 -10% Stations 1992 39,430,634 -3% 6,400,202 -2% 10,604,514 -3% 5,421,202 -4%

Flight Service 1996 1,283,718 -33% 135,640 -40% 125,682 -45% 761,074 -25% Stations 1995 1,929,828 -49% 225,667 -56% 230,336 -65% 1,017,822 -31% 1994 3,798,044 -23% 508,018 -26% 653,585 -27% 1,474,838 -18% 1993 4,957,652 -30% 686,248 -30% 896,499 -40% 1,792,158 -15% 1992 7,073,294 -12% 980,500 -13% 1,497,238 -16% 2,117,818 -6%

Automated 1996 33,524,862 2% 6,623,406 7% 8,587,552 -2% 3,102,946 -1% Flight Service 1995 32,956,370 3% 6,165,481 8% 8,752,317 0% 3,120,774 1% Stations 1994 32,043,418 1% 5,694,080 4% 8,779,549 -1% 3,096,160 1% 1993 31,842,307 -2% 5,485,388 1% 8,902,369 -2% 3,066,793 -7% 1992 32,357,340 -2/ 5,419,702 +2/ 9,107,276 -2/ 3,303,384 -4%

1/ The sum of flight plans originated and pilot briefs, multiplied by two, plus the number of aircraft contacted. 2/ Less than 0.5 percent.

2-13 TABLE 2.15 TOTAL FAA AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY BY REGION AND STATE, AND BY FAA AND CONTRACTED TOWERS, AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS CALENDAR YEAR 1996

FAA Region Airport Operations Aircraft Handled Total Flight Services and State (Towers) 1/ (Centers) (FSS) 2/ TOTAL 61,817,425 40,700,635 34,546,120 Alaskan - Total 1,080,081 548,622 1,673,592 Central - Total 2,427,403 1,986,355 2,734,235 Iowa 359,095 -- 653,086 Kansas 457,234 1,986,355 500,327 Missouri 1,224,232 -- 1,176,373 Nebraska 298,831 -- 404,449 Eastern - Total 8,055,586 4,523,539 3,520,198 Delaware 147,240 -- -- District of Columbia 310,419 2,331,084 714,690 Maryland 570,505 -- 75,357 New Jersey 1,341,593 -- 517,858 New York 2,385,103 2,192,455 711,000 Pennsylvania 1,834,182 -- 1,130,881 Virginia 1,142,336 -- -- West Virginia 324,208 -- 370,412 Great Lakes - Total 9,282,355 10,013,690 5,920,196 Illinois 2,738,282 2,894,331 769,354 Indiana 734,959 2,221,667 659,910 Michigan 2,065,048 -- 994,429 Minnesota 1,159,054 2,027,448 671,455 North Dakota 339,211 -- 317,435 Ohio 1,364,581 2,870,244 1,548,543 South Dakota 153,839 -- 316,253 Wisconsin 879,740 -- 642,817 New England - Total 2,628,264 1,726,851 1,861,510 Connecticut 608,831 -- 693,381 Maine 206,982 -- 551,552 Massachusetts 1,339,096 1,726,851 -- New Hampshire 238,401 -- -- Rhode Island 123,173 -- -- Vermont 111,781 -- 616,577 Northwest Mountain Total 5,303,170 4,428,866 3,007,491 Colorado 1,410,732 1,527,304 680,178 Idaho 440,942 -- 202,336 Montana 259,724 -- 319,654 Oregon 963,470 -- 468,157 Utah 465,273 1,509,049 350,200 Washington 1,682,140 1,392,513 755,757 Wyoming 80,889 -- 231,209 Southern - Total 12,004,110 8,266,512 7,872,582 Alabama 645,026 -- 635,505 Florida 5,441,992 3,835,724 3,117,392 Georgia 1,527,055 2,452,671 757,613 Kentucky 907,392 -- 406,317 Mississippi 338,432 -- 293,377 North Carolina 1,108,447 -- 844,963 Puerto Rico 297,275 -- 250,651 South Carolina 558,005 -- 732,658 Tennessee 982,804 1,978,117 834,106 Virgin Islands 133,334 -- --

2-16 TABLE 2.15 TOTAL FAA AIR TRAFFIC ACTIVITY BY REGION AND STATE, AND BY FAA AND CONTRACTED TOWERS, AIR ROUTE TRAFFIC CONTROL CENTERS, FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL FLIGHT SERVICE STATIONS CALENDAR YEAR 1996

FAA Region Airport Operations Aircraft Handled Total Flight Services and State (Towers) 1/ (Centers) (FSS) 2/ Southwest - Total 7,434,697 5,533,164 4,220,761 Arkansas 310,633 -- 449,161 Louisiana 957,927 -- 443,473 New Mexico 539,741 1,505,488 487,197 Oklahoma 990,857 -- 538,678 Texas 4,635,539 4,027,676 2,302,252 Western-Pacific -Total 13,601,759 3,673,036 3,735,555 American Samoa 14,259 -- -- Arizona 2,368,868 -- 597,833 California 9,387,982 3,552,239 2,619,654 Guam 64,149 120,797 -- Hawaii 871,721 -- 193,633 Marshall Islands 12,479 -- -- Nevada 882,301 -- 324,435 Wake Island ------1/ State operations may not sum to region total due to regional tower assignments. 2/ Includes domestic and international Flight Service Stations

2-17 III. AIRPORTS

Information about U. S. civil and joint-use facilities (airports, heliports, stolports and seaplane bases) was furnished by the FAA Office of Airport Safety and Standards. This information was obtained through physical inspections and mail solicitations, and reported on the Airport Master Record (Form FAA 5010-1) and FAA Landing Facilities Information Request on Airports, Heliports, Stolports and Seaplane Bases (Forms FAA 5010-2 and 5010-5).

DEFINITIONS

Airport of Entry --An airport at which an aircraft entering the US may land without prior permission from the Bureau of US Customs.

Commercial Service Airport -- A public airport which is determined to enplane annually 2,500 or more passengers and receive scheduled passenger service.

General Aviation Airport -- An airport which is used or to be used for public purposes, under the control of a public agency, the landing area of which is publicly owned.

Heliport --An area of land, water, or any structure used or intended to be used for the landing and takeoff of helicopters.

Integrated Airport System Planning --See System Planning.

Primary Airport --A commercial service airport which is determined to have 0.01 percent or more of the total number of passengers enplaned annually at all commercial service airports.

Private-Use Airport -- An airport which is not open for the use of the general public.

Privately Owned Airport --An airport which is owned by a private individual or corporation.

Project -- Projects (or separate projects submitted together) for the accomplishment of airport development or airport planning, including the combined submission of all projects which are to be undertaken at an airport in a fiscal year.

Public Airport-- See General Aviation Airport.

Public Owned Airport -- An airport which is publicly owned and under control of a public agency.

Public-Use Airport -- An airport open to public use without prior permission, and without restrictions within the physical capabilities of the facility. It may or may not be publicly owned.

Reliever Airport -- An airport designated as having the function of relieving congestion at a commercial service airport and providing more general aviation access to the overall community.

Sponsor -- Any private owner of a public-use airport or any public agency (either individually or jointly with other public agencies) that submits an application for financial assistance to the Secretary of Transportation.

Stolport -- An airport specifically designed for STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) aircraft, separate from conventional airport facilities.

System Planning --The initial, as well as continuing, development for planning purposes of information and guidance to determine the extent, type, nature, location, and timing of airport develop needed in a specific area to establish a viable, balanced and integrated system of public use airports.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

3-1 Table 3.1 U. S. Civil and Joint Use Airports Heliports, Stolports, and Seaplane Bases On record 1987 - 1996

All Facilities 1/ Airports Only With With Year Total Runway With Paved Total Runway With Paved Lights Runways Lights Runways 1987 17,015 4,922 7,232 12,907 4,610 4,526 1988 17,327 4,890 7,429 12,950 4,630 4,554 1989 17,446 4,881 7,612 12,946 4,657 4,600 1990 17,490 4,822 7,694 12,920 4,652 4,611 1991 17,581 4,811 7,822 12,904 4,665 4,634 1992 17,846 4,831 7,936 13,016 4,695 4,654 1993 18,317 4,842 8,186 13,228 4,712 4,690 1994 18,343 4,830 8,230 13,202 4,706 4,682 1995 18,224 4,838 8,195 13,145 4,714 4,671 1996 18,292 4,847 8,218 13,175 4,725 4,674 1/ All facilities include airports, heliports, stolports and seaplane bases.

3-2 Table 3.2 U. S. Civil and Joint Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports and Seaplane Bases, and Reported Abandonments on Record, by FAA region and State December 31, 1996

Seaplane Reported FAA Region and State Total Facilities Airports Heliports Stolports Bases Abandon- ments During Year Total 18,292 13,175 4,596 84 437 89 U.S. Total 1/ 18,216 13,131 4,568 84 433 89 Alaskan 546 425 19 --- 102 1 Central--total 1,493 1,233 249 4 7 10 Iowa 305 227 77 1 --- 1 Kansas 384 354 29 1 --- 2 Missouri 507 383 116 2 6 4 Nebraska 297 269 27 --- 1 3 Eastern--total 2,359 1,440 850 8 61 4 Delaware 35 23 11 --- 1 --- District 17 2 15 ------Maryland 200 145 51 1 3 1 New Jersey 348 114 224 --- 10 --- New York 535 373 138 --- 24 --- Pennsylvania 755 463 280 3 9 1 Virginia 365 255 103 3 4 1 West Virginia 104 65 28 1 10 1 Great Lakes--total 4,259 3,395 750 11 103 27 Illinois 896 656 231 2 7 4 Indiana 603 489 107 2 5 8 Michigan 471 384 79 2 6 --- Minnesota 475 367 38 1 69 2 No. Dakota 434 420 13 --- 1 2 Ohio 739 533 201 4 1 8 So. Dakota 156 142 13 --- 1 --- Wisconsin 485 404 68 --- 13 3 New England--total 705 348 289 4 64 3 Connecticut 136 55 75 1 5 --- Maine 150 102 15 --- 33 1 Massachusetts 226 81 126 1 18 2 New Hampshire 94 47 41 1 5 --- Rhode Island 26 10 15 --- 1 --- Vermont 73 53 17 1 2 --- Northwest Mountain--total 1,938 1,436 465 12 25 2 Colorado 391 228 158 5 --- 2 Idaho 227 188 33 1 5 --- Montana 243 216 23 2 2 --- Oregon 411 314 92 2 3 --- Utah 125 88 37 ------Washington 437 315 105 2 15 --- Wyoming 104 87 17 ------Southern--total 2,634 1,877 679 32 46 17 Alabama 240 175 62 --- 3 1 Florida 769 472 248 14 35 8 Georgia 401 304 93 4 --- 5 Kentucky 179 130 47 1 1 --- Mississippi 221 176 45 ------1 No. Carolina 358 295 58 4 1 1 Puerto Rico 32 14 17 --- 1 --- So. Carolina 167 144 23 ------Tennessee 258 165 82 9 2 1 Virgin Islands 9 2 4 --- 3 --- Southwest--total 2,949 2,138 784 9 18 17 Arkansas 265 190 75 ------Louisiana 426 206 204 --- 16 --- New Mexico 164 142 21 --- 1 1 Oklahoma 410 320 88 1 1 5 Texas 1,684 1,280 396 8 --- 11 Western-Pacific--total 1,409 883 511 4 11 8 Arizona 276 185 90 1 --- 2 California 933 546 374 2 11 5 Hawaii 46 30 16 ------Nevada 119 94 24 1 --- 1 South Pacific 2/ 35 28 7 ------1/ Excludes Puerto, Virgin Islands, and South Pacific 2/ American Somoa, Guam, and Trust Territories.

3-3 Table 3.3 U. S. Civil and Joint Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports and Seaplane Bases, on Record, by Type of Ownership December 31, 1996

By Ownership Paved Unpaved Facilities FAA Region and State Total Facilities Public Private Lighted Not Lighted Lighted Not Lighted

Total 18,292 5,129 13,163 3,980 4,238 867 9,207 U.S. Total 1/ 18,216 5,079 13,137 3,957 4,212 867 9,180 Alaskan 546 383 163 47 18 112 369 Central--total 1,493 499 994 403 254 96 740 Iowa 305 136 169 100 74 36 95 Kansas 384 132 252 104 33 26 221 Missouri 507 137 370 119 112 22 254 Nebraska 297 94 203 80 35 12 170 Eastern--total 2,359 349 2,010 395 619 102 1,243 Delaware 35 4 31 7 6 5 17 District 17 8 9 4 12 --- 1 Maryland 200 21 179 37 41 10 112 New Jersey 348 47 301 38 115 11 184 New York 535 91 444 96 120 38 281 Pennsylvania 755 74 681 107 209 27 412 Virginia 365 73 292 75 83 10 197 West Virginia 104 31 73 31 33 1 39 Great Lakes--total 4,259 905 3,354 812 612 286 2,549 Illinois 896 122 774 110 176 50 560 Indiana 603 87 516 89 86 29 399 Michigan 471 134 337 132 64 55 220 Minnesota 475 150 325 109 37 31 298 No. Dakota 434 96 338 68 20 29 317 Ohio 739 136 603 141 148 43 407 So. Dakota 156 77 79 54 13 20 69 Wisconsin 485 103 382 109 68 29 279 New England--total 705 142 563 127 220 12 346 Connecticut 136 16 120 25 62 2 47 Maine 150 46 104 30 21 3 96 Massachusetts 226 35 191 39 84 3 100 New Hampshire 94 16 78 16 34 3 41 Rhode Island 26 9 17 7 12 --- 7 Vermont 73 20 53 10 7 1 55 Northwest Mountain--total 1,938 683 1,255 443 440 69 986 Colorado 391 92 299 71 107 13 200 Idaho 227 131 96 44 36 3 144 Montana 243 123 120 75 31 13 124 Oregon 411 103 308 62 102 13 234 Utah 125 58 67 44 40 1 40 Washington 437 127 310 113 105 23 196 Wyoming 104 49 55 34 19 3 48 Southern--total 2,634 840 1,794 686 642 98 1,208 Alabama 240 103 137 89 65 10 76 Florida 769 163 606 120 213 30 406 Georgia 401 136 265 103 88 11 199 Kentucky 179 73 106 56 54 3 66 Mississippi 221 90 131 73 51 8 89 No. Carolina 358 95 263 96 61 22 179 Puerto Rico 32 17 15 10 18 --- 4 So. Carolina 167 69 98 58 21 9 79 Tennessee 258 88 170 79 70 5 104 Virgin Islands 9 6 3 2 1 --- 6 Southwest--total 2,949 816 2,133 703 843 75 1,328 Arkansas 265 115 150 90 84 7 84 Louisiana 426 110 316 76 173 2 175 New Mexico 164 73 91 46 33 3 82 Oklahoma 410 160 250 116 97 16 181 Texas 1,684 358 1,326 375 456 47 806 Western-Pacific--total 1,409 512 897 364 590 17 438 Arizona 276 88 188 69 89 3 115 California 933 319 614 240 441 10 242 Hawaii 46 18 28 13 25 1 7 Nevada 119 60 59 31 28 3 57 South Pacific 2/ 35 27 8 11 7 --- 17 1/ Excludes Puerto, Virgin Islands, and South Pacific 2/ American Somoa, Guam, and Trust Territories.

3-4 Table 3.4 U. S. Civil and Joint Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports and Seaplane Bases, on Record, by Length of Longest Runway, by FAA Region and State December 31, 1996

Under 3,000 - 4,000- 5,000- 6,000- 7,000- 8,000- 9,000- Over FAA Region and State Total 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 10,000 Total 18,292 12,421 2,586 1,328 950 370 201 115 67 254 U.S. Total 1/ 18,216 12,378 2,580 1,323 947 362 195 114 66 251 Alaskan 546 280 74 56 48 22 10 6 5 45 Central--total 1,493 1,045 232 110 48 23 13 7 3 12 Iowa 305 209 36 38 11 7 --- 3 1 --- Kansas 384 263 64 24 18 5 7 ------3 Missouri 507 379 76 23 10 6 4 2 --- 7 Nebraska 297 194 56 25 9 5 2 2 2 2 Eastern--total 2,359 1,912 193 89 78 27 19 7 10 24 Delaware 35 25 5 2 2 --- 1 ------District 17 15 ------1 ------1 Maryland 200 162 21 6 8 1 --- 1 --- 1 New Jersey 348 305 20 7 8 2 2 1 1 2 New York 535 403 53 22 18 8 7 2 4 18 Pennsylvania 755 657 42 23 14 6 7 1 3 2 Virginia 365 282 37 22 15 5 --- 2 2 --- West Virginia 104 63 15 7 13 4 2 ------Great Lakes--total 4,259 3,180 537 240 128 65 32 20 7 50 Illinois 896 772 50 35 17 10 3 4 --- 5 Indiana 603 490 50 30 17 6 2 1 1 6 Michigan 471 321 75 29 22 12 6 1 1 4 Minnesota 475 267 83 41 31 17 9 5 --- 22 No. Dakota 434 324 77 20 5 4 2 1 1 --- Ohio 739 581 86 38 17 6 3 2 1 5 So. Dakota 156 74 48 20 5 5 2 2 ------Wisconsin 485 351 68 27 14 5 5 4 3 8 New England--total 705 534 55 36 38 11 10 4 2 15 Connecticut 136 118 5 6 5 --- 1 --- 1 --- Maine 150 80 19 15 11 5 4 3 --- 13 Massachusetts 226 184 16 7 12 3 1 1 1 1 New Hampshire 94 72 7 4 6 3 1 ------1 Rhode Island 26 21 --- 2 1 --- 2 ------Vermont 73 59 8 2 3 --- 1 ------Northwest Mountain--total 1,938 1,192 300 177 130 51 25 18 15 30 Colorado 391 242 49 40 23 14 7 6 3 7 Idaho 227 121 46 33 13 4 2 1 3 4 Montana 243 103 72 37 15 5 1 2 4 4 Oregon 411 316 43 17 25 5 1 1 --- 3 Utah 125 44 21 21 21 8 4 4 1 1 Washington 437 327 53 16 18 8 3 --- 3 9 Wyoming 104 39 16 13 15 7 7 4 1 2 Southern--total 2,634 1,629 460 222 178 62 23 20 10 30 Alabama 240 139 40 25 17 10 1 3 2 3 Florida 769 499 115 69 35 16 10 7 3 15 Georgia 401 251 67 31 40 8 --- 2 1 1 Kentucky 179 119 19 21 12 4 1 ------3 Mississippi 221 112 72 12 9 10 1 3 1 1 No. Carolina 358 228 63 28 24 6 5 1 --- 3 Puerto Rico 32 22 3 3 --- 2 ------2 So. Carolina 167 86 45 13 18 2 --- 2 1 --- Tennessee 258 168 36 20 23 4 2 2 2 1 Virgin Islands 9 5 ------3 ------1 Southwest--total 2,949 1,787 536 269 211 59 37 20 7 23 Arkansas 265 159 44 31 19 9 1 1 --- 1 Louisiana 426 307 57 17 28 4 3 2 1 7 New Mexico 164 51 24 25 33 10 11 7 --- 3 Oklahoma 410 270 70 35 19 8 3 1 1 3 Texas 1,684 1,000 341 161 112 28 19 9 5 9 Western-Pacific--total 1,409 862 199 129 91 50 32 13 8 25 Arizona 276 145 35 40 24 14 10 6 --- 2 California 933 628 140 64 41 20 11 5 5 19 Hawaii 46 32 5 2 2 2 ------1 2 Nevada 119 41 16 21 21 8 8 1 1 2 South Pacific 2/ 35 16 3 2 3 6 3 1 1 --- 1/ Excludes Puerto, Virgin Islands, and South Pacific 2/ American Somoa, Guam, and Trust Territories.

3-5 Table 3.5 U. S. Civil and Joint Use Airports, Heliports, Stolports and Seaplane Bases, on Record, by FAA Region and State, and Other Areas December 31, 1987 - 1996

FAA Region and State 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987

Total 18,292 18,224 18,343 18,317 17,846 17,581 17,490 17,446 17,327 17,015 U.S. Total 1/ 18,216 18,148 18,267 18,242 17,769 17,509 17,419 17,377 17,259 16,949 Alaskan 546 547 545 560 559 545 602 593 603 593 Central--total 1,493 1,483 1,481 1,483 1,443 1,453 1,401 1,406 1,417 1,437 Iowa 305 301 298 309 293 290 273 273 274 277 Kansas 384 385 387 384 382 394 386 385 390 389 Missouri 507 497 494 489 473 462 440 431 431 440 Nebraska 297 300 302 301 295 307 302 317 322 331 Eastern--total 2,359 2,356 2,410 2,358 2,296 2,246 2,192 2,208 2,192 2,175 Delaware 35 35 36 37 36 34 33 34 34 35 District 17 17 17 17 16 16 16 17 16 15 Maryland 200 202 203 192 187 168 158 162 157 154 New Jersey 348 348 352 351 334 329 321 322 317 317 New York 535 535 540 525 520 512 497 493 506 507 Pennsylvania 755 748 783 774 757 752 742 765 756 744 Virginia 365 366 372 358 345 341 331 322 313 308 West Virginia 104 105 107 104 101 94 94 93 93 95 Great Lakes--total 4,259 4,265 4,274 4,285 4,205 4,219 4,222 4,235 4,190 4,135 Illinois 896 898 900 920 917 924 928 938 924 913 Indiana 603 598 600 597 576 576 566 554 545 530 Michigan 471 469 470 459 435 432 431 434 434 431 Minnesota 475 476 478 488 483 477 472 475 475 477 No. Dakota 434 436 438 445 450 464 475 480 486 487 Ohio 739 744 741 733 716 714 715 720 714 716 So. Dakota 156 156 157 160 157 160 159 158 155 158 Wisconsin 485 488 490 483 471 472 476 476 457 423 New England--total 705 708 712 717 669 662 648 612 595 568 Connecticut 136 136 138 138 131 134 132 130 128 120 Maine 150 151 152 159 156 159 157 148 146 144 Massachusetts 226 228 229 230 205 197 195 181 170 158 New Hampshire 94 94 94 93 84 79 74 69 67 62 Rhode Island 26 26 26 26 22 23 24 23 23 22 Vermont 73 73 73 71 71 70 66 61 61 62 Northwest Mountain---Total 1,938 1,890 1,904 1,883 1,868 1,808 1,804 1,805 1,812 1,737 Colorado 391 378 396 391 395 373 384 385 396 333 Idaho 227 223 220 218 212 211 211 211 209 207 Montana 243 241 237 234 234 227 220 214 212 210 Oregon 411 399 397 396 387 378 370 372 367 366 Utah 125 124 124 119 118 112 112 111 113 109 Washington 437 422 427 424 423 411 410 412 413 408 Wyoming 104 103 103 101 99 96 97 100 102 104 Southern--Total 2,634 2,623 2,637 2,622 2,459 2,364 2,305 2,285 2,293 2,165 Alabama 240 239 236 235 208 203 196 195 201 193 Florida 769 770 783 778 732 698 662 645 669 607 Georgia 401 402 405 409 382 375 368 363 352 334 Kentucky 179 179 182 177 153 144 143 148 148 139 Mississippi 221 221 221 219 216 207 207 207 205 194 No. Carolina 358 354 355 352 344 336 331 332 322 316 Puerto Rico 32 32 31 165 153 29 29 29 28 27 So. Carolina 167 165 164 247 229 146 150 150 152 146 Tennessee 258 252 251 31 33 218 211 208 208 201 Virgin Islands 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 Southwest--Total 2,949 2,938 2,945 2,981 2,953 2,884 2,923 2,910 2,833 2,818 Arkansas 265 253 254 252 243 236 230 218 195 173 Louisiana 426 426 433 433 426 413 426 419 385 381 New Mexico 164 165 171 171 170 170 164 170 167 174 Oklahoma 410 415 416 415 411 403 411 406 399 403 Texas 1684 1679 1,671 1710 1,703 1,662 1,692 1697 1687 1687 Western-Pacific--Total 1,409 1,414 1,435 1,428 1,394 1,400 1,393 1,392 1,392 1,387 Arizona 276 278 278 280 271 273 272 270 272 265 California 933 934 946 942 920 922 918 910 907 909 Hawaii 46 46 48 47 47 48 50 53 54 54 Nevada 119 121 127 124 121 122 119 127 127 128 South Pacific 2/ 35 35 36 35 35 35 34 32 32 31 1/ Excludes Puerto, Virgin Islands, and South Pacific 2/ American Somoa, Guam, and Trust Territories.

3-6 TABLE 2.14 TOP 50 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY RANK ORDER OF AIR CARRIER OPERATIONS AND BY AVIATION CATEGORY INCLUDING TOTAL OPERATIONS RANK CALENDAR YEAR 1996

Tower Air Carrier Air General Total Rank Operations Taxi Aviation Military Rank Operations Chicago O'Hare Int'l, IL 1 748,435 120,432 37,920 2,808 1 909,595 Dallas Ft Worth Int'l, TX 2 607,915 226,982 39,838 1,046 2 875,781 Atlanta Int'l, GA 3 580,558 154,622 23,180 2,651 4 761,011 Los Angeles Int'l, CA 4 502,056 233,833 24,717 3,262 3 763,868 St Louis Int'l, MO 5 357,916 117,013 33,083 5,837 9 513,849 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l, AZ 6 356,376 80,662 84,172 5,438 7 526,648 Detroit Metro Wayne, MI 7 351,249 102,668 82,975 1,662 5 538,554 San Francisco Int'l, CA 8 325,181 73,664 40,250 2,739 20 441,834 Denver Int'l, CO 9 322,023 107,816 22,509 791 18 453,139 Newark, NJ 10 321,172 114,453 18,566 190 17 454,381 Miami Int'l, FL 11 309,795 156,221 62,800 5,959 6 534,775 Minneapolis St. Paul Int'l, MN 12 305,530 121,328 55,994 2,628 11 485,480 Houston Intercontinental, TX 13 297,015 75,164 23,615 659 23 396,453 Las Vegas Mccarran Int'l, NV 14 281,214 71,998 104,765 18,534 13 476,511 Charlotte Douglas, NC 15 272,308 123,213 60,230 3,693 16 459,444 Pittsburgh Greater Int'l, PA 16 257,610 159,257 26,291 8,775 19 451,933 La Guardia, NY 17 241,531 83,141 19,783 321 31 344,776 Seattle Tacoma Int'l, WA 18 239,063 149,882 6,181 90 24 395,216 Boston Logan, MA 19 230,362 204,563 29,435 690 15 465,050 John F Kennedy Int'l, NY 20 225,455 122,861 14,468 409 27 363,193 Philadelphia Int'l, PA 21 222,855 141,301 47,337 4,696 21 416,189 Honolulu, HI 22 203,520 62,496 82,545 23,538 26 372,099 Orlando Int'l, FL 23 202,305 103,072 30,493 5,343 32 341,213 Salt Lake City Int'l, UT 24 197,583 93,310 78,956 4,360 25 374,209 Memphis Int'l, TN 25 192,178 103,506 59,441 5,474 28 360,599 Cincinnati Greater, KY 26 189,762 196,072 14,155 1,378 22 401,367 Washington National, DC 27 175,177 81,844 48,461 4,937 35 310,419 Oakland Int'l, CA 28 165,063 60,874 260,136 1,208 10 487,281 Baltimore Washington Int'l, MD 29 149,442 88,238 28,226 1,910 44 267,816 Cleveland Hopkins Int'l, OH 30 145,307 124,159 30,327 2,825 38 302,618 San Diego Int'l Lindbergh, CA 31 145,250 56,983 16,514 5,719 63 224,466 Kansas City Int'l, MO 32 126,378 55,612 14,234 960 84 197,184 Chicago Midway, IL 33 123,295 48,589 81,477 2,352 46 255,713 Portland Int'l, OR 34 122,644 127,205 49,501 10,274 36 309,624 San Jose Int'l, CA 35 120,715 7,623 157,685 426 41 286,449 Houston Hobby, TX 36 118,789 18,946 113,290 100 48 251,125 Tampa Int'l, FL 37 115,634 104,349 44,545 3,485 43 268,013 Anchorage Int'l, AK 38 108,379 79,451 100,613 3,446 40 291,889 Indianapolis Int'l, IN 39 106,188 72,133 52,921 1,866 57 233,108 Fort Lauderdale, FL 40 102,013 59,348 75,525 726 54 237,612 New Orleans Moisant, LA 41 101,886 33,713 23,224 1,144 120 159,967 Louisville Standiford, KY 42 100,148 35,681 35,029 4,428 104 175,286 Dallas Love Field, TX 43 99,571 26,367 95,650 1,209 64 222,797 Ontario, CA 44 94,095 32,033 27,694 492 132 154,314 Raleigh Durham, NC 45 91,943 60,273 74,074 7,530 56 233,820 Nashville Metropolitan, TN 46 91,328 53,719 62,572 4,202 69 211,821 Albuquerque Int'l, NM 47 88,162 32,643 59,433 24,009 73 204,247 San Antonio Int'l, TX 48 87,836 40,612 123,479 10,551 45 262,478 Washington Dulles Int'l, VA 49 87,808 182,229 56,603 7,205 34 333,845 Milwaukee Mitchell, WI 50 87,748 59,280 48,324 5,631 78 200,983

2-15 TABLE 2.13 TOP 50 AIRPORT TRAFFIC CONTROL TOWERS, BY RANK ORDER OF TOTAL OPERATIONS AND BY AVIATION CATEGORY INCLUDING AIR CARRIER RANK CALENDAR YEAR 1996

Total Air Carrier Tower Rank Operations Rank Operations Air Taxi General Aviation Military Chicago O'Hare Int'l, IL 1 909,595 1 748,435 120,432 37,920 2,808 Dallas/Ft Worth Int'l, TX 2 875,781 2 607,915 226,982 39,838 1,046 Los Angeles Int'l, CA 3 763,868 4 502,056 233,833 24,717 3,262 Atlanta Int'l, GA 4 761,011 3 580,558 154,622 23,180 2,651 Detroit Metro Wayne, GA 5 538,554 7 351,249 102,668 82,975 1,662 Miami Int'l, FL 6 534,775 11 309,795 156,221 62,800 5,959 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l, AZ 7 526,648 6 356,376 80,662 84,172 5,438 Van Nuys, CA 8 521,465 306 15 3,218 517,815 417 St. Louis Int'l, MO 9 513,849 5 357,916 117,013 33,083 5,837 Oakland Int'l, CA 10 487,281 28 165,063 60,874 260,136 1,208 Minneapolis St. Paul Int'l, MN 11 485,480 12 305,530 121,328 55,994 2,628 Long Beach, CA 12 477,364 141 8,145 4,968 462,609 1,642 Las Vegas Mccarran Int'l, CA 13 476,511 14 281,214 71,998 104,765 18,534 Santa Ana Orange County, CA 14 468,587 53 82,104 20,130 366,115 238 Boston Logan, MA 15 465,050 19 230,362 204,563 29,435 690 Charlotte Douglas, NC 16 459,444 15 272,308 123,213 60,230 3,693 Newark, NJ 17 454,381 10 321,172 114,453 18,566 190 Denver Int'l, CO 18 453,139 9 322,023 107,816 22,509 791 Pittsburgh Greater Int'l, PA 19 451,933 16 257,610 159,257 26,291 8,775 San Francisco, CA 20 441,834 8 325,181 73,664 40,250 2,739 Philadelphia Int'l, PA 21 416,189 21 222,855 141,301 47,337 4,696 Cincinnati Greater, KY 22 401,367 26 189,762 196,072 14,155 1,378 Houston Intercontinental, TX 23 396,453 13 297,015 75,164 23,615 659 Seattle Tacoma Int'l, WA 24 395,216 18 239,063 149,882 6,181 90 Salt Lake City Int'l, UT 25 374,209 24 197,583 93,310 78,956 4,360 Honolulu, HI 26 372,099 22 203,520 62,496 82,545 23,538 John F Kennedy Int'l, NY 27 363,193 20 225,455 122,861 14,468 409 Memphis Int'l, TN 28 360,599 25 192,178 103,506 59,441 5,474 Denver Centennial, CO 29 359,704 N/A 0 14,512 343,177 2,015 Prescott, AZ 30 347,273 212 992 5,632 339,975 674 La Guardia, NY 31 344,776 17 241,531 83,141 19,783 321 Orlando Int'l, FL 32 341,213 23 202,305 103,072 30,493 5,343 Seattle Boeing, WA 33 337,383 133 9,139 41,045 285,003 2,196 Washington Dulles Int'l, VA 34 333,845 49 87,808 182,229 56,603 7,205 Washington National, DC 35 310,419 27 175,177 81,844 48,461 4,937 Portland Int'l, OR 36 309,624 34 122,644 127,205 49,501 10,274 Sanford, FL 37 309,120 188 2,619 117 306,200 184 Cleveland Hopkins Int'l, OH 38 302,618 30 145,307 124,159 30,327 2,825 Fort Worth Meacham, TX 39 301,285 260 109 1,175 299,505 496 Anchorage Int'l, AK 40 291,889 38 108,379 79,451 90,613 3,446 San Jose Int'l, CA 41 286,449 35 120,715 7,623 157,685 426 Daytona Beach, FL 42 272,588 139 8,379 1,919 261,284 1,006 Tampa Int'l, FL 43 268,013 37 115,634 104,349 44,545 3,485 Baltimore Washington Int'l, MD 44 267,816 29 149,442 88,238 28,226 1,910 San Antonio Int'l, TX 45 262,478 48 87,836 40,612 123,479 10,551 Chicago Midway, IL 46 255,713 33 123,295 48,589 81,477 2,352 Pontiac, MI 47 252,345 233 272 23,113 307,073 127 Houston Hobby, TX 48 251,125 36 118,789 18,946 113,290 100 North Las Vegas, NV 49 250,765 N/A 0 62,713 187,693 359 Deer Valley, AZ 50 250,723 N/A 0 3,539 246,432 752

2-14 Table 3.6 Airport Improvement Program: Fiscal Year 1996 (Excludes Amendments to Grants) (Thousands of Dollars)

Primary Commercial Reliever General Aviation System Planning Total FAA Region and Total Total Total Total Total Total State Total Federal Total Federal Total Federal Total Federal Total Federal Total Federal Projects Funds Projects Funds Projects Funds Projects Funds Projects Funds Projects Funds Total 506 1,026,724 30 27,277 73 104,713 264 146,307 55 14,095 941 1,379,888 U.S. Total1/ 493 1,016,060 30 27,277 73 104,713 264 146,307 54 13,919 927 1,369,048 Alaska--total 21 29,548 4 5,758 4 3,406 17 19,577 1 600 47 58,889 Central--total 26 49,178 4 5,529 4 3,266 19 8,329 7 900 54 47,571 Iowa 11 13,869 1 796 2 754 6 1,888 1 363 21 17,670 Kansas 2 8,627 2 1,523 1 1,252 7 3,986 2 118 14 15,505 Missouri 9 17,762 1 3,210 1 1,260 ------3 376 15 27,674 Nebraska 4 8,920 ------6 2,455 1 43 11 11,419 Eastern--total 76 138,936 7 6,827 19 20,220 41 15,006 9 4,189 192 217,610 Delaware ------1 293 ------1 293 District Of Columbia ------1 158 1 158 Maryland 5 7,193 ------2 3,151 4 1,510 ------11 11,853 New Jersey 5 7,680 ------1 3,146 ------1 100 8 13,518 New York 29 35,886 4 3,863 11 8,352 14 5,451 1 300 59 53,852 Pennsylvania 16 49,892 1 89 4 5,040 12 4,382 3 498 36 59,901 Virginia 12 23,499 1 2,500 1 531 4 2,538 2 1,338 20 30,407 West Virginia 9 14,786 1 375 ------6 832 1 1,795 17 17,787 Great Lakes--total 100 194,262 8 4,283 4 14,384 30 19,361 7 1,595 143 187,671 Illinois 24 51,975 ------1 14,000 ------1 426 30 85,933 Indiana 8 21,137 ------1 18 8 3,740 1 249 18 25,145 Michigan 19 44,003 ------1 350 ------1 300 23 54,113 Minnesota 13 18,474 ------4 5,586 2 345 19 24,405 North Dakota 6 2,825 3 460 ------3 1,707 1 125 13 5,117 Ohio 14 25,998 1 1,747 1 16 12 6,426 ------28 34,186 South Dakota 7 17,880 4 2,076 --- 0 3 1,902 ------14 21,859 Wisconsin 9 11,970 ------1 150 12 18,574 New England--total 24 31,809 ------7 3,120 18 5,269 3 361 62 47,783 Connecticut 3 1,895 ------1 145 2 1,104 ------6 3,144 Maine 2 1,961 ------1 1,324 6 1,328 ------9 4,614 Massachusetts 7 12,407 ------3 983 4 2,043 2 281 16 15,714 New Hampshire 6 6,895 ------1 461 4 570 1 80 12 8,005 Rhode Island 2 6,798 ------1 207 1 107 ------4 7,113 Vermont 4 1,853 ------1 117 ------5 1,970 Northwest Mountain---Total 53 88,158 1 1,901 5 4,617 42 25,514 9 1,100 129 153,687 Colorado 13 37,906 ------2 2,756 6 4,640 2 216 23 45,518 Idaho 2 1,881 ------5 2,118 1 126 8 4,126 Montana 7 6,419 ------7 4,567 1 75 15 11,061 Oregon 7 8,470 ------7 4,438 1 170 15 13,078 Utah 2 8,583 1 1,901 1 193 7 3,853 2 189 13 14,719 Washington 14 20,143 ------2 1,668 6 3,626 1 100 23 25,538 Wyoming 8 4,756 ------4 2,272 1 224 13 7,252 Southern--Total 90 190,471 1 104 14 20,001 53 23,719 6 2,000 196 247,395 Alabama 9 7,724 1 104 ------7 3,388 1 175 18 11,391 Florida 20 45,889 ------6 10,899 7 7,266 1 994 34 65,047 Georgia 14 36,232 ------5 5,442 10 3,511 1 100 30 45,285 Kentucky 8 39,869 ------8 2,286 1 300 17 42,454 Mississippi 5 2,184 ------7 1,860 ------12 4,045 North Carolina 14 25,032 ------1 258 17 30,446 Puerto Rico 6 1,445 ------6 1,445 South Carolina 6 8,235 ------1 1,400 8 2,969 ------15 12,604 Tennessee 8 23,861 ------2 2,260 6 2,439 1 173 17 28,732 Virgin Islands 3 5,377 ------3 5,377 Southwest--Total 53 170,142 1 91 6 13,626 17 10,538 6 2,174 97 185,111 Arkansas 6 15,760 ------1 210 4 1,894 1 304 12 18,168 Louisiana 8 24,963 ------5 2,530 1 274 14 27,767 New Mexico 6 10,911 ------5 3,073 1 225 12 14,209 Oklahoma 3 2,796 1 91 1 1,923 3 3,041 1 300 8 8,151 Texas 30 115,712 ------4 11,493 ------2 1,071 38 140,786 Western-Pacific--Total 60 128,843 4 2,784 10 22,073 27 18,994 7 1,176 122 207,740 Arizona 8 29,566 1 500 3 7,308 9 2,957 ------21 40,332 California 30 61,017 3 2,284 5 8,502 14 13,305 5 850 57 85,958 Hawaii 10 18,571 ------10 18,571 Nevada 8 15,847 ------2 6,263 4 2,732 1 150 15 24,992 South Pacific 2/ 4 3,842 ------1 176 5 4,018 1/ Excludes Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, and South Pacific 2/ American Samoa, Guam, North Mariana, and Trust Territories Note:Totals include State Block Grants: IL-4 projects, $19,532; MI-2, $9,460; MO-1, $5,066; NJ- 1, $2,592; NC- 2, $5,156; TX-2, $12,510; WI 2, $6,454 WI- 1, $4,309:Total- 11, $51,629.

3-7 IV. AIRPORT ACTIVITY OF CERTIFICATED ROUTE AIR CARRIERS

This chapter covers only the large US certificated air carriers; and thus, excludes the small certificated, commuter, and foreign-flag carriers.

The data presented were obtained from information reported to the Department of Transportation’s Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information by the carriers on Schedules T-100 and T-3, BTS Form 41, Uniform System of Accounts and Reports for Large Certificated Air Carriers. These statistics summarize for scheduled and nonscheduled service revenue passenger enplanement; aircraft departures, and ton of freight and mail enplaned at certificated points in the 50 state, the District of Columbia and other US areas served by the carriers.

The activity information in Tables 4-7 - 4.9 is presented by “hubs”. Air traffic hubs are geographical areas, and are based on the percentage of total passengers enplaned in the area. A hub may have more than one airport in it. This definition should not be confused with the definition being used by the airlines in describing their “hub and spoke” structures. The hubs constitute an primary focal point for the transportation research programs of the FAA, and the analyses of individual cities within an area are treated in relationship to the entire area.

Individual communities fall into four hub classifications as determined by each community’s percentage of the total enplaned revenue passengers in all services of US certificated route air carriers within the 50 states, the District of Columbia and other US areas. Classifications for 1996 are based on 558,183,741 total enplaned revenue passengers.

The percentage and number of enplaned passengers in the hub classifications for the 12 months ending December 31, 1996 are:

Hub Classification Percentage of Total Enplaned Number of Enplaned Passengers Passengers Large (L) 1.00 or more more than 5,581,837 Medium (M) 0.25 to 0.999 1,395,459 to 5,581,837 Small (S) 0.05 to 0.249 279,092 to 1,395,459 Nonhub (N) Less than 0.05 Less than 279,092

During 1996 there were 120 air traffic hubs representing 16% of the 742 air traffic hubs and nonhubs in 50 states, the District of Columbia, and other US areas receiving air carrier service during the year. The dominance of the hubs in air traffic patterns is brought out by the fact that almost 97% of passenger enplanements were recorded at the 120 hubs. The table below shows the number of hubs/nonhubs, the number of airports, and the number and percentage of passenger enplanements at the hubs/nonhubs.

Hub Classification Number of Number of Airports Passengers Passenger Percent Hubs/Nonhubs Enplaned Large 29 72 417,339,694 74.77 Medium 31 55 89,018,764 15.95 Small 60 73 37,122,974 6.65 Nonhub 622 650 14,702,309 2.63 TOTALS 742 850 558,183,741 100.00

Information for each of the 850 airports may be found inAirport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Air Carriers.

DEFINITIONS

Air Traffic Hub - Air traffic hubs are not airports; they are cities and communities requiring aviation services. They fall into four classes as determined by each community’s percentage of the total enplaned passengers in scheduled and nonscheduled service of the large certificated route air carriers in the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other US areas. . All Services - The total of scheduled and nonscheduled transport services.

Carrier Group - A grouping of large certificated air carriers determined by annual operating revenues as shown below: 4-1 Carrier Group Annual Operating Revenues

Majors ...... over one billion dollars Nationals ...... 100 million to one billion dollars Large regional ...... 20 to 100 million dollars Medium regionals ...... up to 20 million dollars.

Enplaned Passengers -The total number of revenue passengers boarding aircraft.

Enplaned Revenue Tons of Freight and Mail - The number of revenue tons of freight and mail loaded on an aircraft including originating and transfer tons.

Freight - Property transport by air. ( Excludes mail and passenger baggage).

Large Air Traffic Hub - A community enplaning 1.00 percent or more of the total enplaned passengers in all services and all operations for all communities within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other US areas. Also see ‘air traffic hub’.

Large Certificated Air Carrier--carrier holding a certificate issued under Section 401 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 as amended and operating aircraft designed to have a maximum passenger seating capacity of 60 seats or more or a maximum payload capacity of 18,000 pounds or more, or conducting international operations.

Medium Air Traffic Hub - A community enplaning from 0.25 to 0.999 percent of the total enplaned passengers in all services and all operations for all communities within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other US areas. Also see ‘air traffic hub’.

Nonhub - A community enplaning less than 0.05 percent of the total enplaned passengers in all services and all operations all communities within the 50 States, and District of Columbia, and other US areas. Also see ‘air traffic hub’.

Nonscheduled Service - Revenue flights that are not operated in regularly scheduled service such as charter flights.

Other US Areas - Areas under US jurisdiction, other than the 50 States and the District of Columbia, that are designated the Federal Aviation Administration to be included in the base for air traffic hub classification computations.

Revenue - Pertaining to transport activities for which remuneration is received by the carrier.

Revenue Passenger - Person receiving air transportation from an air carrier for which remuneration is received by the carrier.

Scheduled Service - Transport service operated over an air carrier’s routes, based on published flight schedules, including extra sections.

Small Air Traffic Hub - A community enplaning from 0.05 to 0.249 percent of the total enplaned passengers in all services and all operations for all communities within the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other US areas. Also see ‘air traffic hub.’

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

4-2

TABLE 4.1 LARGE SCHEDULED CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS AS OF DECEMBER 31, 1996

Air 21 Mesa Air South Miami Air Air Transport Midway Airlines Air Wisconsin Midwest Express Airlines Airtran Millon Alaska Airlines Nations Air Aloha North American America West Northern Air Cargo American Airlines Northwest Airlines American Int'l. Pace American Trans Air Pacific Int'l Amerijet Pan American Arrow Air Polar Air Atlantic Southeast Prestige Atlas Reeve Aleutian Airways AV Atlantic Reno Buffalo Rich Business Express Ryan Capitol Cargo Sierra Pacifaic Carnival Simmons Casino Express Southern Air Challenge Air Transport Southwest Airlines Champion Spirit Continental Air Lines Sun Country Continental Express Sun Jet Continental Micronesia Sun Pacific Delta Air Lines Tower DHL Tatonduk Eastwind Trans Air Link Emery Worldwide Trans Continental Evergreen Transmeridian Executive Airlines Trans States Express One Trans World Airlines Falcon USAir Federal Express U.S. Air Shuttle Fine Airlines USA Jet Florida West UFS Frontier Airlines United Air Lines Gemini United Parcel Great American Valujet Hawaiian Airlines Vangaurd Horizon Air Viscount Jettrain Western Pacific Kitty Hawk World Kiwi Zantop Laker

4-3 TABLE 4.2 1/ U.S. FLAG AIRLINE TRAFFIC ENPLANED--SYSTEM TOTAL LARGE SCHEDULED CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED OPERATIONS 1987 - 1996

Enplaned Passengers Tons of Tons of Aircraft Enplaned Enplaned Year Total Departures Mail Cargo 1987 448,913,726 6,640,400 1,621,734.2 5,073,264.9 1988 456,026,372 6,724,445 1,717,738.7 5,860,039.0 1989 455,263,066 6,648,452 1,631,316.3 6,573,790.5 1990 438,544,001 6,641,681 1,566,098.1 4,732,726.1 1991 428,319,248 6,545,000 1,562,990.7 4,854,513.1 1992 447,625,988 6,606,609 1,682,631.6 5,053,677.9 1993 468,313,029 7,193,841 1,819,203.1 6,383,887.2 1994 508,458,194 7,513,232 1,915,706.5 6,802,375.2 1995 526,055,483 8,030,530 2,160,538.4 7,204,478.8 1996 558,183,741 8,204,674 2,285,503.2 8,047,794.9 1/ Includes operations of certificated all-cargo carriers. Source: BTS Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Air Carriers.

4-4 TABLE 4.3 1/ U.S. FLAG AIRLINE TRAFFIC ENPLANED--50 STATES LARGE SCHEDULED CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED OPERATIONS 1987 - 1996

Enplaned Passengers Tons of Tons of Aircraft Enplaned Enplaned Year Total Departures Mail Cargo 1987 422,747,715 6,372,793 1,534,719.8 3,948,060.7 1988 426,937,914 6,426,421 1,626,030.8 4,550,772.8 1989 425,103,192 6,331,555 1,537,234.6 5,116,092.4 1990 433,254,832 6,572,179 1,558,021.6 4,629,653.7 1991 422,601,128 6,456,329 1,550,220.5 4,750,582.2 1992 441,545,379 6,519,252 1,676,037.1 4,952,682.6 1993 461,920,525 7,107,553 1,811,655.5 6,262,602.4 1994 501,538,376 7,412,462 1,907,792.1 6,649,891.4 1995 518,952,587 7,928,011 2,150,782.3 7,055,826.3 1996 551,145,767 8,105,118 2,274,298.7 7,878,436.5 1/ Includes operations of certificated all-cargo carriers. Source: BTS Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Air Carriers.

4-5 TABLE 4.4 1/ U.S. FLAG AIRLINE TRAFFIC ENPLANED--U.S. TERRITORIES LARGE SCHEDULED CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED OPERATIONS 1987-1996

Enplaned Passengers Tons of Tons of Aircraft Enplaned Enplaned Year Total Departures Mail Cargo 1987 26,166,011 267,607 87,014.40 1,125,204.20 1988 29,088,458 298,024 91,707.90 1,309,266.20 1989 30,159,874 316,897 94,081.70 1,457,698.10 1990 5,289,169 69,502 8,076.50 103,072.40 1991 5,718,120 88,671 12,770.20 103,930.95 1992 6,080,609 87,357 6,594.49 100,995.28 1993 6,392,504 86,288 7,547.60 121,284.80 1994 6,919,818 100,770 7,914.45 152,483.83 1995 7,102,896 102,519 9,756.13 148,652.51 1996 7,037,974 99,556 11,204.50 169,358.46 1/ Includes operations of certificated all-cargo carriers. Source: BTS Airport Activity Statistics of Certificated Route Air Carriers.

4-6 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Majors Alaska Scheduled 148,300 150,331 11,364,939 69,203.20 22,723.55 Nonscheduled 1,347 46393 1,868.54 22.67 All Services 149,647 150,331 11,411,332 71,071.74 22,746.22

America West Scheduled 202,690 206,876 17,861,270 46,177.69 52,755.68 Nonscheduled 1,157 39,468 All Services 203.847 206,876 17.900,738 46,177.69 52.755.68

American Scheduled 713,341 729,046 70,713,869 425,630.41 261,246.32 Nonscheduled 817 43,761 All Services 714,158 729,046 70,757,630 425,630.41 261,246.32 Continental Scheduled 423,509 432,143 33,971,912 126,706.19 114,794.61 Nonscheduled 1,905 163,799 All Services 425,414 432,143 34,135,711 126,706.19 114,794.61

Delta Scheduled 906,624 917,323 93,183,188 367,674.79 379,173.64 Nonscheduled 918 61,677 0.04 All Services 907,542 917,323 93,244,865 367,674.83 379,173.64 Federal Express Scheduled 265,785 265,976 3,467,832.29 14,947.89 Nonscheduled 769 8,437.21 All Services 266,554 265,976 3,476,269.50 14,947.89 Northwest Scheduled 553,857 572,377 47,362,367 265,721.54 233,532.77 Nonscheduled 286 33,405 1,097.45 12.46 All Services 554,143 572,377 47,395,772 266,818.99 233,545.23 Southwest Scheduled 748,374 759,266 55,372,361 57,282.55 65,989.28 Nonscheduled 1,322 118,242 All Services 749,696 759,266 55,490,603 57,282.55 65,989.28 Trans World Scheduled 278,010 288,350 22,244,503 83,516.51 148,471.96 Nonscheduled 1,332 70,690 63.52 88 All Services 279,342 288,350 22,315,193 83,580.03 148,559.96 United Scheduled 744,946 762,447 74,828,706 401,528.30 367,343.64 Nonscheduled 607 71,016 123.08 All Services 745,553 762,447 74,899,722 401,651.38 367,343.64 United Parcel Scheduled 2,208 2,208 85,025.75 Nonscheduled 104,337 25,989.45 All Services 106,545 2,208 111,015.20 US Air Scheduled 725,122 742,321 55,613,659 90,621.19 164,291.03 Nonscheduled 3,448 278,463 All Services 728,570 742,321 55,892,122 90,621.19 164,291.03

4-7 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Total, Majors Scheduled 5,712,766 5,828,664 482,516,774 5,486,920.41 1,825,270.37 Nonscheduled 188,245 926,914 37579.29 123.13 All Services 5,831,011 5,828,664 483,443,688 5,524,499.70 1,825,393.50

Nationals Air Transport Nonscheduled 13,352 306,473.19 Air Wisconsin Scheduled 36,203 12,862 1,757,316 479.86 686.55 Aloha Scheduled 77,534 78,405 5,058,963 54,235.24 13,454.59 Nonscheduled 131 9,052 28.01 All Services 77,665 78,405 5,068,015 54,263.25 13,454.59 American Int'l. Scheduled 10,041 69,165.38 5,778.00 Nonscheduled 13,081 264,068.58 18,351.45 All Services 23,122 333,233.96 24,129.45 American Trans Scheduled 30,558 30,558 3,366,838 Nonscheduled 9,590 1,492,204 All Services 40,148 30,558 4,859,042 Arrow Scheduled 1,659 1,656 52.294.48 11.07 Nonscheduled 2,128 56,443.58 All Services 3,787 1,656 108,738.06 11.07 Atlantic Southeast Scheduled 192,726 203,225 3,632,121 2,035.03 1,527.35 Atlas Nonscheduled 165 24,105.59 Business Express Scheduled 25,089 29,922 323,832 Carnival Scheduled 14,882 14,883 1,679,246 12,037.75 1,973.19 Nonscheduled 2,690 206,060 18.53 All Services 17,572 14,883 1,885,306 12,056.28 1,973.19 Continental Express Scheduled 240,585 256,778 4,089,578 1,193.22 538.53 Nonscheduled 14 582 All Services 240,599 256,778 4,090,160 1,193.22 538.53 Continental Micronesia Scheduled 16,891 16,786 1,522,212 23,295.01 8,627.16 Nonscheduled 334 36,279 All Services 17,225 16,786 1,558,491 23,295.01 8,627.16 DHL Scheduled 58,782 66,331 258,164.33 3,108.74 Nonscheduled 315 3,442.67 2,307.10 All Services 59,097 66,331 261,607.00 5,415.84 Emery Worldwide Nonscheduled 45,616 519,054.05 249,226.99 Evergreen Scheduled 499 499 4,025.39 Nonscheduled 6,741 23,174.57 48,733.75 All Services 7,240 499 27,199.96 48,733.75 Executive Airlines Scheduled 48,719 50,176 1,108,907 90.81 15.17

4-8 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Nonscheduled 7 142 All Services 48,726 50,176 1,109,049 90.81 15.17 Hawaiian Scheduled 58,629 59,461 5,328,097 37,672.80 4,745.41 Nonscheduled 645 188,994 All Services 59,274 59,461 5,517,091 37,672.80 4,745.41 Horizon Air Scheduled 186,818 196,454 3,556,538 8,536.40 3,713.12 Kiwi Scheduled 14,268 15,350 1,227,656 52.36 1,729.09 Nonscheduled 77 10,019 All Services 14,345 15,350 1,237,675 52.36 1,729.09 Mesa Scheduled 428,811 445,976 4,152,388 Midwest Express Scheduled 34,380 35,260 1,474,371 6,445.56 13,285.98 Nonscheduled 858 25,809 All Services 35,238 35,260 1,500,180 6,445.56 13,285.98 Polar Air Scheduled 2,244 2,268 45,417.58 Nonscheduled 297 6,117.26 All Services 2,541 2,268 51,534.84 Reno Scheduled 58,793 59,166 4,862,040 2,100.89 4,469.25 Nonscheduled 1,919 213,283 All Services 60,712 59,166 5.075,323 2,100.89 4,469.25 Rich Nonscheduled 2,787 751,004 Simmons Scheduled 217,575 227,401 6,010,017 2,735.24 1,539.95 Southern Air Scheduled 119.64 Nonscheduled 2,807 78,356.21 All Services 2,807 78,475.85 Sun Country Nonscheduled 14,213 2,083,167 37,891.89 1,439.64 Tower Scheduled 3,155 3,151 993,279 8,068.23 Nonscheduled 646 206,003 62.56 All Services 3,801 3,151 1,199,282 8,130.79 Trans States Scheduled 160,668 170,825 2,121,024 US Air Shuttle Scheduled 20,507 22,074 1,388,247 757 366.79 Nonscheduled 370 47,291 All Services 20,877 22,074 1,435,538 757 366.79

4-9 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Valujet Scheduled 47,875 52,363 3,003,423 7,829.84 World Scheduled 410 9 81,582 213.4 Nonscheduled 714 166,365 56.2 All Services 1,124 9 247,947 269.6 Total, Nationals Scheduled 1,988,301 2,051,839 56,737,675 589,135.60 73,399.78 Nonscheduled 119,497 5,436,254 1,319,292.89 320,058.93 All Services 2,107,798 2,051,839 62,173,929 1,908,428.49 393,458.71

Large Regionals Air South Scheduled 15,577 16,639 725,139 Amerijet Scheduled 1,911 1,911 29,776.25 198.74 Nonscheduled 5,153 54,100.13 326.83 All Services 7,064 1,911 83,876.38 525.57 AV Atlantic Nonscheduled 892 80,324 Buffalo Nonscheduled 56 1,267.94 Challenge Scheduled 2,252 2,252 50,551.18 1,233.92 Champion Nonscheduled 1,556 94,248 Express One Nonscheduled 1,915 28,651.45 Fine Airlines Scheduled 431 432 108.84 Nonscheduled 2,298 65,121.37 All Services 2,729 432 65,230.21 Frontier Scheduled 18,126 18,827 1,281,066 705.71 3,329.20 Gemini Nonscheduled 154 6,746.15 Great American Scheduled 42 42 855 Nonscheduled 8,698 562,626 All Services 8,740 42 563,481 Kitty Hawk Nonscheduled 9,309 96,431.34 2,568.34 Miami Air Nonscheduled 4,241 265,609 Midway Scheduled 28,654 30,198 1,675,479 186.15 2,560.28 North American Nonscheduled 896 85,624 Northern Air Scheduled 8,216 6,844 23,771.32 20,468.64 Nonscheduled 873 4,588.74 643.29 All Services 9,089 6,844 28,360.06 21,111.93 Pan American Scheduled 752 756 86,444 1,457.01 173.18 Reeve Scheduled 4,148 4,298 72,509 2,145.37 6,406.33 Nonscheduled 197 11,117 165.23 8.74 All Services 4,345 4,298 83,626 2,310.60 6,415.07

4-10 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Ryan Nonscheduled 13,330 131,689 146,626.89 13,466.63 Spirit Air Scheduled 8,399 8,399 662,626 Nonscheduled 1,364 79,052 All Services 9,763 8,399 741,678 Sun Jet Nonscheduled 6,252 620,246 UFS Scheduled 22,481 21,670 628,299 Viscount Scheduled 82 Nonscheduled 2,695 207,173 All Services 2,695 207,255 Western Pacific Scheduled 22,155 22,294 1,753,765 3,085.69 2,641.94 Nonscheduled 49 2,374 All Services 22,204 22,294 1,756,139 3,085.69 2,641.94 Zantop Nonscheduled 5,335 18,685.16 8,205.37 Total, Large Regionals Scheduled 133,144 134,562 6,886,264 111,787.52 37,012.23 Nonscheduled 65,263 2,140,082 422,384.40 25,219.20 All Services 198,407 134,562 9,026,346 534,171.92 62,231.43

Medium Regionals Air 21 Scheduled 5,150 5,135 153,652 Airtran Scheduled 13,354 13,540 1,072,083 Nonscheduled 42 3,286 All Services 13,396 13,540 1,075,369 Capital Cargo Nonscheduled 506 9,507.83 Casino Express Scheduled 2,629 2,627 205,998 Nonscheduled 6 348 All Services 2,635 2,627 206,346 Eastwind Scheduled 4,273 4,388 169,947 Falcon Nonscheduled 15 926 Florida West Scheduled 3 243.26 Nonscheduled 180 5,788.12 0.37 All Services 183 6,031.38 0.37 Jettrain Scheduled 2,102 2,841 110,697 Laker Scheduled 131 131 40,824 Nonscheduled 125 36,407 All Services 256 131 77,231 Millon Nonscheduled 733 23,327.10 Nations Air Scheduled 852 522 43,686 Nonscheduled 2,119 103,613 0.05 All Services 2,971 522 147,299 0.05

4-11 Table 4.5 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service by Carrier Group and by Air Carrier 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Carrier Group by Air Carrier Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Pace Scheduled 26 Nonscheduled 200 3,367 All Services 200 3,393 Pacific Int'l. Nonscheduled 914 116,237 Prestige Scheduled 845 844 29,998 Nonscheduled 580 49,574 All Services 1,425 844 79,572 Sierra Pacific Nonscheduled 2.097 84,885 24.63 1,428.29 Sun Pacific Nonscheduled 514 51,413 Tatonduk Scheduled 2,253 3,074 332 173.9 966.14 Nonscheduled 17 72 38.06 0.15 All Services 2,270 3,074 404 211.96 966.29 Trans Continental Nonscheduled 1,072 22,087.98 Trans-Air-Link Nonscheduled 478 6,139.12 Transmeridian Nonscheduled 1,008 111,118 USA Jet Scheduled 1 Nonscheduled 8,977 13,364.75 All Services 8,977 1 13,364.75 Vanguard Scheduled 16,227 16,485 1,148,364 2,024.57 Nonscheduled 56 2,925 All Services 16,283 16,485 1,151,289 2,024.57

Total, Medium Regionals Scheduled 47,819 49,588 2,975,607 417.16 2,990.71 Nonscheduled 19,639 564,171 80,277.64 1,428.81 All Services 67,458 49,588 3,539,778 80,694.80 4,419.52

Over-All Total, All Carriers Scheduled 7,882,030 8,064,653 549,116,320 6,188,260.69 1,938,673.09 Nonscheduled 322,644 9,067,421 1,859,534.22 346,830.07 All Services 8,204,674 8,064,653 558,183,741 8,047,794.91 2,285,503.16

4-12 Table 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service State and US Area 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons State or US Area Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers 50 US States Alabama Scheduled 41,688 42,438 2,234,183 14,250.34 8,155.28 Nonscheduled 1,276 11,134 7,778.83 318.20 All Services 42,964 42,438 2,245,317 22,029.17 8,473.48 Alaska Scheduled 68,805 69,057 2,616,025 250,661.16 57,286.24 Nonscheduled 8,972 66,789 60,217.45 19,523.98 All Services 77,777 69,057 2,682,814 310,878.61 76,810.22 Arizona Scheduled 237,145 241,450 16,597,957 65,052.13 39,475.26 Nonscheduled 5,724 146,741 16,037.85 5,521.28 All Services 242,869 241,450 16,744,698 81,089.98 44,996.54 Arkansas Scheduled 30,539 31,447 1,417,483 1,834.49 5,580.32 Nonscheduled 517 4,413 338.79 All Services 31,056 31,447 1,421,896 2,173.28 5,580.32 California Scheduled 801,779 817,591 68,138,311 923,406.22 208,283.31 Nonscheduled 23,316 521,892 140,372.80 30,548.30 All Services 825,095 817,591 68,660,203 1,063,779.02 238,831.61 Colorado Scheduled 253,068 250,602 18,281,320 90,748.26 62,309.08 Nonscheduled 5,667 131,120 12,903.99 12,191.80 All Services 258,735 250,602 18,412,440 103,652.25 74,500.88 Connecticut Scheduled 42,154 43,542 2,586,860 14,971.31 14,675.79 Nonscheduled 2,649 27,546 19,444.69 3,640.45 All Services 44,803 43,542 2,614,406 34,416.00 18,316.24 Delaware Nonscheduled 417 1,996 13,159.12 District of Columbia Scheduled 148,924 155,676 11,470,308 89,093.32 62,692.88 Nonscheduled 1,302 51,987 2,016.93 1,681.15 All Services 150,226 155,676 11,522,295 91,110.25 64,374.03 Florida Scheduled 480,091 488,025 41,790,347 398,811.06 105,709.27 Nonscheduled 26,065 985,637 308,274.09 14,349.82 All Services 506,156 488,025 42,775,984 707,085.15 120,059.09 Georgia Scheduled 363,614 373,728 31,179,025 212,527.73 127,978.68 Nonscheduled 5,491 148,335 19,601.39 4,541.37 All Services 369,105 373,728 31,327,360 232,129.12 132,520.05 Hawaii Scheduled 159,387 161,246 14,432,352 185,636.54 33,430.90 Nonscheduled 4,166 340,207 44,630.30 266.28 All Services 163,553 161,246 14,772,559 230,266.84 33,697.18 Idaho Scheduled 43,583 44,724 1,402,087 11,930.55 2,663.29 Nonscheduled 363 7,531 42.82 All Services 43,946 44,724 1,409,618 11,973.37 2,663.29

4-13 Table 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service State and US Area 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons State or US Area Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Illinois Scheduled 460,463 466,843 35,172,899 327,429.58 139,024.31 Nonscheduled 13,882 392,233 45,040.99 4,608.45 All Services 474,345 466,843 35,565,132 372,470.57 143,632.76 Indiana Scheduled 82,408 80 3,976,559 254,252.62 19,663.30 Nonscheduled 10,211 71,059 20,678.81 98,715.36 All Services 92,619 80,299 4,047,618 274,931.43 118,378.66 Iowa Scheduled 30,104 31,435 1,219,387 19,448.63 15,157.42 Nonscheduled 3,795 22,673 4,527.35 551.87 All Services 33,899 31,435 1,242,060 23,975.98 15,709.29 Kansas Scheduled 18,507 18,529 686,050 6,090.59 3,034.65 Nonscheduled 1,536 19,414 4,528.95 256.85 All Services 20,043 18,529 705,464 10,619.54 3,291.50 Kentucky Scheduled 39,651 38,797 2,073,871 12,507.76 8,440.66 Nonscheduled 27,263 20,675 12,074.55 All Services 66,914 38,797 2,094,546 24,582.31 8,440.66 Louisiana Scheduled 94,383 95,864 5,071,280 21,789.95 11,760.54 Nonscheduled 2,991 52,234 6,875.26 2,388.10 All Services 97,374 95,864 5,123,514 28,665.21 14,148.64 Maine Scheduled 20,644 21,368 611,848 6,045.43 1,034.61 Nonscheduled 261 14,910 3,908.48 All Services 20,905 21,368 626,758 9,953.91 1,034.61 Maryland Scheduled 74,705 76,409 5,858,426 18,258.73 25,063.82 Nonscheduled 2,912 72,802 6,931.03 4,686.56 All Services 77,617 76,409 5,931,228 25,189.76 29,750.38 Massachusetts Scheduled 143,143 150,878 10,548,747 108,986.63 38,136.01 Nonscheduled 3,586 197,600 16,392.86 4,598.09 All Services 146,729 150,878 10,746,347 125,379.49 42,734.10 Michigan Scheduled 211,032 218,169 15,196,451 93,865.67 55,731.85 Nonscheduled 11,096 541,304 20,455.51 4,672.34 All Services 222,128 218,169 15,737,755 114,321.18 60,404.19 Minnesota Scheduled 155,001 160,392 12,237,652 90,750.41 63,542.45 Nonscheduled 6,613 602,905 15,367.81 7,022.46 All Services 161,614 160,392 12,840,557 106,118.22 70,564.91 Mississippi Scheduled 21,393 22,374 491,789 608.40 2,038.75 Nonscheduled 1,975 67,101 5,340.46 14.99 All Services 23,368 22,374 558,890 5,948.86 2,053.74 Missouri Scheduled 303,561 312,818 18,530,372 70,067.10 89,454.72 Nonscheduled 7,664 178,632 18,624.10 5,309.95 All Services 311,225 312,818 18,709,004 88,691.20 94,764.67

4-14 Table 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service State and US Area 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons State or US Area Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Montana Scheduled 34,742 35,873 956,926 14,098.71 2,463.15 Nonscheduled 1,091 11,508 151.53 2,364.09 All Services 35,833 35,873 968,434 14,250.24 4,827.24 Nebraska Scheduled 30,187 30,550 1,893,076 8,669.27 25,244.62 Nonscheduled 1,514 20,336 2,561.45 238.94 All Services 31,701 30,550 1,913,412 11,230.72 25,483.56 Nevada Scheduled 170,872 172,373 15,972,686 26,304.71 17,784.85 Nonscheduled 7,522 1,316,952 174.38 7.41 All Services 178,394 172,373 17,289,638 26,479.09 17,792.26 New Hampshire Scheduled 13,692 14,511 408,757 13,182.66 264.47 Nonscheduled 1,061 3,038 5,075.08 2.00 All Services 14,753 14,511 411,795 18,257.74 266.47 New Jersey Scheduled 185,550 195,296 12,775,782 333,931.02 56,606.40 Nonscheduled 9,220 526,145 15,485.30 6,332.39 All Services 194,770 195,296 13,301,927 349,416.32 62,938.79 New Mexico Scheduled 76,101 77,227 3,408,622 15,240.39 9,178.09 Nonscheduled 1,832 10,742 1,196.28 569.26 All Services 77,933 77,227 3,419,364 16,436.67 9,747.35 New York Scheduled 325,119 339,211 24,414,994 269,091.47 131,628.63 Nonscheduled 10,768 320,525 82,279.71 11,340.69 All Services 335,887 339,211 24,735,519 351,371.18 142,969.32 North Carolina Scheduled 222,568 228,373 14,608,118 65,096.87 42,012.09 Nonscheduled 5,068 79,587 29,566.87 5,589.72 All Services 227,636 228,373 14,687,705 94,663.74 47,601.81 North Dakota Scheduled 10,457 10,627 441,240 7,830.44 2,041.95 Nonscheduled 190 8,012 860.35 All Services 10,647 10,627 449,252 8,690.79 2,041.95 Ohio Scheduled 283,961 297,620 16,608,496 194,513.42 60,694.63 Nonscheduled 30,654 301,164 599,392.48 31,442.59 All Services 314,615 297,620 16,909,660 793,905.90 92,137.22 Oklahoma Scheduled 62,329 63,254 3,346,590 19,267.59 11,678.21 Nonscheduled 2,603 101,233 10,575.64 377.68 All Services 64,932 63,254 3,447,823 29,843.23 12,055.89 Oregon Scheduled 128,288 131,677 6,714,092 60,661.13 18,210.04 Nonscheduled 3,533 16,202 16,359.77 6,573.35 All Services 131,821 131,677 6,730,294 77,020.90 24,783.39 Pennsylvania Scheduled 323,059 332,930 18,902,174 126,315.37 63,365.93 Nonscheduled 12,664 250,959 24,207.17 6,790.92 All Services 335,723 332,930 19,153,133 150,522.54 70,156.85

4-15 Table 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service State and US Area 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons State or US Area Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Rhode Island Scheduled 18,313 19,048 1,117,647 3,399.41 3,284.59 Nonscheduled 212 11,032 37.34 All Services 18,525 19,048 1,128,679 3,436.75 3,284.59 South Carolina Scheduled 38,844 40,125 2,082,394 16,132.25 4,450.31 Nonscheduled 4,593 139,961 11,307.13 296.14 All Services 43,437 40,125 2,222,355 27,439.38 4,746.45 South Dakota Scheduled 10,846 11,048 430,922 6,984.74 3,195.51 Nonscheduled 418 6,791 129.65 18.55 All Services 11,264 11,048 437,713 7,114.39 3,214.06 Tennessee Scheduled 162,362 164,924 8,084,675 1,011,986.12 33,550.84 Nonscheduled 4,542 49,894 19,274.30 827.93 All Services 166,904 164,924 8,134,569 1,031,260.42 34,378.77 Texas Scheduled 863,572 880,530 56,519,355 314,917.94 159,257.57 Nonscheduled 23,975 740,588 93,487.36 11,112.48 All Services 887,547 880,530 57,259,943 408,405.30 170,370.05 Utah Scheduled 97,540 98,515 9,430,718 62,701.63 27,868.33 Nonscheduled 4,049 99,222 11,436.59 6,140.96 All Services 101,589 98,515 9,529,940 74,138.22 34,009.29 Vermont Scheduled 7,144 7,588 282,075 2,703.03 231.48 Nonscheduled 16 779 2.68 All Services 7,160 7,588 282,854 2,705.71 231.48 Virginia Scheduled 51,453 53,511 2,518,111 20,230.48 8,285.12 Nonscheduled 4,373 32,490 13,033.43 5,825.86 All Services 55,826 53,511 2,550,601 33,263.91 14,110.98 Washington Scheduled 235,627 243,422 13,530,516 154,625.58 36,135.30 Nonscheduled 5,352 83,568 33,313.39 19,661.46 All Services 240,979 243,422 13,614,084 187,938.97 55,796.76 West Virginia Scheduled 17,314 17,234 204,048 1,822.43 50.72 Nonscheduled 92 5,520 42.83 All Services 17,406 17,234 209,568 1,865.26 50.72 Wisconsin Scheduled 71,521 68,658 3,435,445 26,025.65 13,697.98 Nonscheduled 3,149 130,445 12,997.50 1,873.00 All Services 74,670 68,658 3,565,890 39,023.15 15,570.98 Wyoming Scheduled 19,496 19,828 265,105 5,147.58 1.39 Nonscheduled 188 6,051 18.53 All Services 19,684 19,828 271,156 5,166.11 1.39 Total for 50 US States Scheduled 7,786,729 7,967,654 542,174,153 6,069,904.50 1,931,505.59 Nonscheduled 318,389 8,971,614 1,808,531.95 342,793.07 All Services 8,105,118 7,967,654 551,145,767 7,878,436.45 2,274,298.66

4-16 Table 4.6 Summary of Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, by Type of Service State and US Area 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons State or US Area Service Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Performed Passengers Other US Areas

American Somoa Scheduled 145 135 22,086 62.80 103.86 Nonscheduled 98 3,456.43 All Services 243 135 22,086 3,519.23 103.86 Guam Scheduled 9,543 9,425 1,199,429 23,568.31 2,622.04 Nonscheduled 522 22,890 4,398.35 All Services 10,065 9,425 1,222,319 27,966.66 2,622.04 Johnston Island Scheduled 215 211 685 0.70 2.80 Nonscheduled 53 3,755 6.28 All Services 268 211 4,440 6.98 2.80 Marian Islands Scheduled 6,721 6,766 426,625 5,586.83 188.58 Nonscheduled 52 2,907 103.17 All Services 6,773 6,766 429,532 5,690.00 188.58 Midway Scheduled 3 Nonscheduled 3 45.65 All Services 6 45.65 Palau Islands Scheduled 900 891 57,747 1,372.20 41.18 Nonscheduled 62 1,071 982.71 All Services 962 891 58,818 2,354.91 41.18 Puerto Rico Scheduled 59,432 60,763 4,638,075 86,824.02 3,988.70 Nonscheduled 3,442 64,295 41,931.31 4,037.00 All Services 62,874 60,763 4,702,370 128,755.33 8,025.70 US Virgin Islands Scheduled 18,342 18,808 597,520 941.33 220.34 Nonscheduled 21 889 74.47 All Services 18,363 18,808 598,409 1,015.80 220.34 Wake Island Nonscheduled 2 3.90

Total for Other US Areas Scheduled 95,301 96,999 6,942,167 118,356.19 7,167.50 Nonscheduled 4,255 95,807 51,002.27 4,037.00 All Services 99,556 96,999 7,037,974 169,358.46 11,204.50

Total Scheduled 7,882,030 8,064,653 549,116,320 6,188,260.69 1,938,673.09 Nonscheduled 322,644 9,067,421 1,859,534.22 346,830.07 All Services 8,204,674 8,064,653 558,183,741 8,047,794.91 2,285,503.16

4-17 Table 4.7 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Large Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Atlanta, Georgia DeKalb/Peachtree 0.00% 4 Fulton County 0.00% 9 50 7.00 William B. Hartsfield Int'l. 5.44% 345,512 350,417 30,371,722 229,316.99 131,529.55 Community Total 5.44% 345,525 350,417 30,371,772 229,323.99 131,529.55 Baltimore, Maryland Baltimore/Washington Int'l. 1.06% 73,917 72,716 5,907,010 24,241.35 29,750.38 Boston, Massachusetts Logan Int'l. 1.91% 135,865 139,241 10,653,062 125,165.26 42,734.10 Charlotte, North Carolina Douglas Municipal 1.79% 136,330 136,473 10,007,754 49,200.19 29,585.60 Chicago, Illinois Dupage County 0.00% 1 0.45 Midway 0.79% 57,569 58,531 4,411,711 4,803.53 1,033.26 O'Hare Int'l. 5.47% 377,096 376,632 30,526,099 350,487.80 141,834.65 Pal-Waukee 0.00% 4 3.77 Community Total 6.26% 434,670 435,163 34,937,810 355,295.55 142,867.91 Cincinnati, Ohio Greater Cincinnati 1.31% 99,285 105,360 7,299,565 160,946.89 30,308.04 Luken Field 0.00% 11 213 3.84 Community Total 1.31% 99,296 105,360 7,299,778 160,950.73 30,308.04 Dallas/Ft. Worth, Texas Addison 0.00% 5 104 3.68 Dallas/Ft. Worth 4.77% 373,263 369,510 26,623,253 193,376.54 104,532.61 Fort ,Worth Alliance 0.00% 63 12 130 86.32 Love Field 0.63% 48,714 49,979 3,539,567 8,604.50 3,801.00 Meacham Field 0.00% 4 140 8.01 Community Total 5.40% 422,049 419,501 30,163,194 202,079.05 108,333.61 Denver Colorado Arapahoe County 0.00% 3 1.27 Denver Int'l. 2.73% 195,214 188,690 15,245,515 95,810.02 70,302.27 Community Total 2.73% 195,217 188,690 15,245,515 95,811.29 70,302.27 Detroit, Michigan Detroit City 0.00% 114 69.70 Wayne County 2.53% 170,980 172,323 14,117,157 82,398.68 54,746.63 Willow Run 0.00% 3,465 1 620 9,613.00 107.00 Community Total 2.53% 174,559 172,324 14,117,777 92,081.38 54,853.63 Honolulu, Oahu, Hawaii Hickam Field 0.00% 150 7,374 3,580.82 Honolulu Int'l. 1.63% 85,399 83,528 9,124,893 180,419.37 28,596.19 Community Total 1.64% 85,549 83,528 9,132,267 184,000.19 28,596.19 Houston, Texas Ellington Field 0.01% 3,708 2,880 47,322 3,886.54 0.50 Houston Intercontinental 2.08% 176,417 176,703 11,621,912 86,045.06 38,403.38 William P. Hobby 0.72% 64,662 66,050 4,026,140 5,372.79 1,534.55 Community Total 2.81% 244,787 245,633 15,695,374 95,304.39 39,938.43

4-19 Table 4.7 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Large Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Las Vegas, Nevada McCarrran Int'l. 2.52% 137,326 132,342 14,054,185 18,983.10 14,665.40 Nellis AFB 0.00% 37 3,239 Community Total 2.52% 137,363 132,342 14,057,424 18,983.10 14,665.40 Los Angeles/Burbank/Long Beach, California El Toro MCAS 0.00% 16 1,294 Hollywood-Burbank 0.42% 29,683 29,897 2,364,071 12,328.06 855.39 Long Beach 0.04% 2,936 1,687 207,717 4,030.40 0.56 Los Angeles Int'l. 4.07% 247,388 248,706 22,721,760 470,865.71 92,720.92 Orange County 0.63% 40,628 41,212 3,526,892 9,791.25 5,116.62 Van Nuys Airport 0.00% 5 3.23 Community Total 5.16% 320,656 321,502 28,821,734 497,018.65 98,693.49 Miami/ Ft. Lauderdale, Florida Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood Int'l. 0.87% 49,502 48,117 4,847,608 68,755.24 10,488.75 Miami Int'l. 2.13% 127,880 117,395 11,905,703 538,071.38 38,327.68 Opa Locka 0.00% 12 48 42.21 Dade Collier 0.00% 6 1 Community Total 3.00% 177,400 165,513 16,753,359 606,868.83 48,816.43 Minneapolis/St. Paul Minnesota Minneapolis/St. Paul Int'l. 2.26% 154,956 153,594 12,615,766 101,357.53 70,558.88 Newark, New Jersey Newark 2.31% 184,595 186,629 12,916,177 349,072.55 62,937.74 New York, New York John F. Kennedy Int'l. 1.74% 97,077 96,829 9,702,990 277,749.82 90,534.47 La Guardia 1.72% 119,272 123,682 9,593,815 11,989.41 34,565.21 World Trade Center 0.00% 970 2,010 154.32 West 30th Street Heliport 0.00% 5 0.23 East 34th Street 0.00% 478 620 57.68 Community Total 3.46% 217,802 223,141 19,296,805 289,951.46 125,099.68 Orlando, Florida Orlando Int'l. 1.94% 107,987 103,733 10,827,876 48,683.47 18,396.45 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania/ Camden, New Jersey Philadelphia Int'l. 1.54% 134,133 130,072 8,571,564 97,458.82 35,622.41 Phoenix, Arizona Luke AFB 0.00% 9 537 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l. 2.65% 199,013 198,044 14,807,067 71,863.74 41,187.49 Community Total 2.65% 199,022 198,044 14,807,604 71,863.74 41,187.49

4-20 Table 4.7 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Large Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania/ Wheeling, West Virginia Allegheny County 0.00% 3 1 65 5.20 Greater Pittsburgh 1.67% 153,084 153,736 9,348,025 31,207.67 29,194.33 Community Total 1.67% 153,087 153,737 9,348,090 31,212.87 29,194.33 Portland, Oregon 0.00% Portland, Int'l. 1.10% 104,560 103,636 6,125,910 74,174.30 23,282.24 St. Louis, Missouri Lambert-St. Louis Municipal 2.43% 229,259 234,393 13,546,822 59,424.81 65,240.54 Spirit of ST. Louis 0.00% 111 37.48 Bi-State Parks 0.00% 5 Community Total 2.43% 229,375 234,393 13,546,822 59,462.29 65,240.54 Salt Lake City, Utah Salt Lake city Int'l. 1.70% 100,029 97,818 9,462,749 73,514.12 34,009.29 San Diego, California Brown Field Municiple 0.00% 1 69 Miramar NAS 0.00% 7 644 20.43 Montgomery Filed 0.00% 506 508 632.75 North Island NAS 0.00% 40 3,079 19.15 San Diego Int'l.-Linbergh 1.17% 77,447 77,129 6,549,170 30,719.83 15,603.64 Community Total 1.17% 78,001 77,637 6,552,962 31,392.16 15,603.64 San Francisco/Oakland, California Oakland Metropolitan Int'l. 0.84% 73,876 70,378 4,684,494 219,359.40 17,555.18 San Francisco Int'l. 2.92% 150,848 152,887 16,286,751 177,561.42 79,612.26 Community Total 3.76% 224,724 223,265 20,971,245 396,920.82 97,167.44 Seattle/Tacoma, Washington Boeing Field 0.00% 2,096 445 2,542 11,222.01 3.05 Seattle-Tacoma Int'l. 2.06% 161,772 163,683 11,489,435 159,161.69 50,971.13 Community Total 2.06% 163,868 164,128 11,491,977 170,383.70 50,974.18 Tampa & St. Petersburg/Clearwater & Lakeland, Florida Lakeland Municiple 0.00% 1 51 MacDill AFB 0.00% 4 St. Petersburg/Clearwater Int'l. 0.07% 4,900 2,972 405,956 290.68 Tampa Int'l. 1.02% 67,088 66,768 5,712,015 30,016.35 25,821.36 Community Total 1.10% 71,993 69,740 6,118,022 30,307.03 25,821.36 Washington, District of Columbia Dulles Int'l. 0.85% 56,535 57,589 4,750,404 84,472.77 38,727.64 Washington National 1.21% 93,691 98,087 6,771,891 6,637.48 25,646.39 Community Total 2.06% 150,226 155,676 11,522,295 91,110.25 64,374.03

Total, Large Hubs 74.77% 5,257,541 5,243,646 417,339,694 4,653,189.06 1,630,444.73

100

4-21 Table 4.8 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Medium Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Albuquerque, New Mexico Albuquerque Int'l. 0.59% 55,082 54,094 3,274,105 15,750.16 9,747.35 Anchorage, Alaska Anchorage Int'l. 0.29% 38,077 33,960 1,645,978 267,595.92 56,329.77 Elmendorf AFB 0.00% 405 3,596 1,179.06 Merrill Field 0.00% 1 Community Total 0.30% 38,483 33,960 1,649,574 268,774.98 56,329.77 Austin, Texas Robert Mueller Municipal 0.51% 40,647 40,306 2,829,581 27,601.95 4,895.48 Cleveland, Ohio Burke Lakefront 0.00% 9 397 Hopkins Int'l. 0.95% 115,472 115,503 5,286,691 31,488.37 15,977.47 Community Total 0.95% 115,481 115,503 5,287,088 31,488.37 15,977.47 Colorado Springs, Colorado Peterson Field 0.43% 30,723 30,621 2,416,577 6,732.44 4,193.65 Columbus, Ohio Lockbourne AFB 0.00% 2,429 1,477 19,541.56 Port Columbus Int'l. 0.56% 43,913 44,658 3,102,287 3,211.57 15,739.63 Community Total 0.56% 46,342 46,135 3,102,287 22,753.13 15,739.63 El Paso, Texas Biggs AFB 0.00% 30 2,512 El Paso Int'l. 0.32% 30,430 27,851 1,802,446 29,600.32 2,115.32 Community Total 0.32% 30,460 27,851 1,804,958 29,600.32 2,115.32 Fort Myers, Florida Page Field 0.00% 255 254 27.95 Southwest 0.35% 20,765 20,267 1,945,051 3,218.73 3,472.19 Community Total 0.35% 21,020 20,521 1,945,051 3,246.68 3,472.19 Hartford/Springfield/Westfield Connecticut Bradley Int'l. 0.46% 38,949 37,320 2,549,673 34,414.71 18,316.24 Indianapolis, Indiana Indianapolis Int'l. 0.60% 62,140 53,980 3,326,430 230,387.03 113,908.08 Jacksonville, Florida Cecil Field NAS 0.00% 10 354 31.75 Jacksonville Int'l. 0.30% 26,240 25,891 1,660,738 7,896.77 11,535.81 Jacksonville NAS 0.00% 79 4,846 81.14 Craig Municipal 0.00% 494 508 131.42 Community Total 0.30% 26,823 26,399 1,665,938 8,141.08 11,535.81 Kahului, Maui, Hawaii Kahului 0.46% 31,623 32,443 2,566,957 14,974.85 2,147.10 Kansas City, Missouri Kansas City Int'l. 0.86% 66,243 63,554 4,819,759 27,709.24 29,499.53 Kansas City Municipal 0.00% 10 302 2.21 Community Total 0.86% 66,253 63,554 4,820,061 27,711.45 29,499.53

4-22 Table 4.8 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Medium Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Louisville, Kentucky Standiford Field 0.31% 54,941 28,227 1,713,487 22,443.15 7,631.25 Memphis, Tennessee Memphis Int'l. 0.71% 97,606 96,120 3,943,809 1,009,344.97 24,048.81 Memphis NAS 0.00% 13 372 39.86 Community Total 0.71% 97,619 96,120 3,944,181 1,009,384.83 24,048.81 Milwaukee, Wisconsin General Mitchell Field 0.45% 46,434 42,815 2,499,728 30,963.03 15,085.58 Nashville, Tennessee Metropolitan 0.58% 47,770 47,397 3,254,956 10,579.25 8,381.33 New Orleans, Louisiana Alvin Callendar NAS 0.00% 3 159 Lakefront 0.00% 20 2,019 2.93 New Orleans Int'l. 0.75% 58,493 57,147 4,179,901 17,893.58 11,183.36 Community Total 0.75% 58,516 57,147 4,182,079 17,896.51 11,183.36 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Tinker AFB 0.00% 4 393 Will Rodgers World 0.31% 30,710 29,666 1,742,844 15,167.22 5,596.83 Community Total 0.31% 30,714 29,666 1,743,237 15,167.22 5,596.83 Omaha, Nebraska Eppley Airfield 0.30% 25,131 24,026 1,666,357 10,665.36 23,065.96 Offutt AFB 0.00% 1 Community Total 0.30% 25,132 24,026 1,666,357 10,665.36 23,065.96 Ontario/San Berdenio/Riverside, California March AFB 0.00% 36 5,794 108.50 Norton AFB 0.00% 7 172 21.70 Ontario Int'l. 0.56% 49,973 44,518 3,114,916 47,168.68 9,934.85 Community Total 0.56% 50,016 44,518 3,120,882 47,298.88 9,934.85 Raleigh/Durham, North Carolina Raleigh-Durham 0.52% 45,843 45,781 2,879,935 25,539.94 10,886.35 Reno, Nevada Reno Int'l. 0.56% 40,005 39,013 3,128,543 7,495.99 3,126.86 Sacramento, California Mather AFB 0.00% 412 77 6,836.18 2,007.00 McClellan AFB 0.00% 4 169 Sacramento Metropolitan 0.60% 42,778 42,917 3,321,319 23,657.29 10,554.16 Community Total 0.60% 43,194 42,917 3,321,565 30,493.47 12,561.16 San Antonio, Texas Kelly AFB 0.00% 12 1,180 12.76 San Antonio Int'l. 0.59% 45,301 43,415 3,319,410 16,149.59 12,656.45 Community Total 0.59% 45,313 43,415 3,320,590 16,162.35 12,656.45 San Jose, California San Municipal 0.87% 60,760 60,416 4,831,727 48,737.66 4,599.91

4-23 Table 4.8 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Medium Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers San Juan, Puerto Rico Isla Grande 0.00% 3 2 8.38 Luis Moons Marin Int'l. 0.82% 57,166 55,455 4,549,840 114,799.79 8,025.65 Community Total 0.82% 57,169 55,457 4,549,840 114,808.17 8,025.65 Spokane, Washington Felts Field 0.00% 253 247 201.67 Spokane Int'l. 0.29% 36,505 36,978 1,621,890 14,337.91 4,205.11 Community Total 0.29% 36,758 37,225 1,621,890 14,539.58 4,205.11 Tucson, Arizona Avra Valley 0.00% 3 Davis Monthan AFB 0.00% 1 135 Tucson Int'l. 0.30% 21,145 20,707 1,695,213 8,434.47 3,778.96 Community Total 0.30% 21,149 20,707 1,695,348 8,434.47 3,778.96 Tulsa, Oklahoma Tulsa Int'l. 0.29% 29,894 29,118 1,638,275 14,669.67 6,442.30 West Palm Beach/Palm Beach, Florida Palm Beach Int'l. 0.48% 30,027 29,510 2,667,864 2,554.49 7,494.92

Total, Medium Hubs 15.95% 1,425,280 1,356,162 89,018,764 2,169,411.17 466,583.26

4-24 Table 4.9 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Small Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers Albany, New York Albany County 0.15% 16,812 16,966 810,130 3,992.14 2,515.34

Allentown/Bethlehem/Easton, Pennsylvania Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton 0.07% 9,017 9,332 382,375 4,512.59 2,116.82

Amarillo/Borger, Texas Amarillo Air Terminal 0.08% 9,213 9,361 448,262 235.75 357.43

Atlantic City, New Jersey NAFEC Atlantic City/Pomona 0.06% 8,354 6,974 311,652 5.81 1.05

Baton Rouge, Louisiana Ryan 0.07% 10,077 10,208 383,109 355.12 1,292.18

Billings, Montana Logan Field 0.05% 7,601 6,886 284,961 837.33 3,686.43

Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham Municipal 0.24% 23,060 22,857 1,312,897 11,749 6,997.91

Boise, Idaho Boise Air Terminal/Gowen Field 0.22% 37,622 37,871 1,213,021 10,604.52 2,526.09

Brownsville/Harlingen/San Benito, Texas Harlingen Industrial Park 0.08% 8,025 8,123 468,257 3,949.58 3.27 South Padre Island Int'l. 0.01% 2,497 2,009 72,953 6,577.23 0.24 Community Total 0.10% 10,522 10,132 541,210 10,526.81 3.51

Buffalo/Niagara Falls, New York Greater Buffalo Int'l. 0.25% 24,020 22,422 1,390,689 6,136.54 5,754.48 Niagara Falls Int'l. 0.00% 29 1,697 Community Total 0.25% 24,049 22,422 1,392,386 6,136.54 5,754.48

Burlington, Vermont Burlington Int'l. 0.06% 6,886 7,314 282,854 2,430.94 231.48

Cedar Rapids/Iowa City, Iowa Cedar Rapids Municipal 0.06% 9,885 9,529 335,247 11,864.21 4,939.32

Charleston, South Carolina Charleston AFB/Municipal 0.12% 9,992 9,604 656,139 4,092.96 1,145.21

Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas, Virgin Islands Harry S Truman 0.07% 10,595 10,846 379,192 437.38 194.30

Columbia, South Carolina Columbia Metropolitan 0.09% 11,721 9,907 512,326 12,514.66 1,262.75

Corpus Christi, Texas Corpus Christi Int'l. 0.08% 11,561 11,744 469,839 507 531.59

4-25 Table 4.9 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Small Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers

Dayton, Ohio James M Cox/Dayton Int'l. 0.15% 33,659 18,537 823,454 377,599.49 29,967.46 Wright-Patterson AFB 0.00% 1 Community Total 0.15% 33,660 18,537 823,454 377,599.49 29,967.46

Daytona Beach, Florida Daytona Beach Regional 0.07% 4,093 4,056 381,945 264.13 2.58

Des Moines, Iowa Des Moines Municipal 0.14% 16,924 14,406 800,024 11,803.17 10,207.80

Eugene Oregon, Mahlon Sweet Field 0.05% 9,280 9,525 296,841 894.02 986.99

Fairbanks, Alaska Eielson AFB 0.00% 5 140 6.45 Fairbanks Int'l. 0.06% 6,887 3,795 345,140 5,058.58 7,021.38 Fort Wainwright 0.00% 5 11.65 Community Total 0.06% 6,897 6,795 345,280 5,076.68 7,021.38

Grand Rapids, Michigan Kent County 0.14% 18,081 17,902 777,649 10,217.69 4,784.69

Green Bay/Clintonville, Wisconsin Austin-Straubel Field 0.05% 6,816 6,836 285,585 83.44 84.39

Greensboro/High Point/ Winston, North Carolina Greensboro-High Point-Winston Reg. 0.22% 27,191 27,335 1,200,587 17,760.06 7,128.23 Smith-Reynolds 0.00% 15 240 0.53 Community Total 0.22% 27,206 27,335 1,200,827 17,760.06 7,128.23

Greensville/Spartanburg, South Carolina Greenville Downtown 0.00% 1 43.00 Greenville/Spartanburg 0.11% 11,241 11,270 592,641 10,155.02 2,338.49 Community Total 0.11% 11,242 11,270 592,641 10,198.02 2,338.49

Guam. Guam Agana Field 0.22% 9,953 9,424 1,222,098 25,013.99 2,622.04 Anderson AFB 0.00% 112 1 221 2,952.67 Community Total 0.22% 10,065 8,425 1,222,319 27,966.66 2,622.04

Harrisburg/York, Pennsylvania Harrisburg Int'l. 0.08% 12,945 12,771 457,578 14,721.35 2,684.79

Hilo, Hawaii, Hawaii General Lyman Field 0.14% 11,948 11,218 759,723 16,731.83 1,197.76

Huntsville, Alabama Madison County 0.07% 6,494 6,129 375,697 5,290.56 1,101.68

Indio/Palm Springs, California Palm Springs Municipal 0.07% 7,153 7,220 369,738 88.97 0.44

Islip, Long Island, New York Long Island-MacArthur 0.08% 5,255 5,450 427,314 167.11 1,023.70

4-26 Table 4.9 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Small Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers

Jackson-Vicksburg, Mississippi Allen C. Thompson Field 0.07% 12,174 11,152 375,604 5,651.09 2,053.46

Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, Hawaii Ke-Ahole 0.20% 16,512 16,039 1,131,596 11,016.50 844.92

Knoxville, Tennessee Mc Ghee Tyson 0.11% 11,222 10,890 601,472 9,104.34 1,308.57 Lexington/Frankfort Kentucky Blue Grass 0.07% 9,943 8,815 368,768 538.57 809.41

Lihue, Kauai, Hawaii Lihue 0.21% 16,201 16,291 1,148,188 3,024.85 902.92

Little Rock, Arkansas Adams Field 0.22% 21,065 20,943 1,252,312 2,004.67 5,567.73

Lubbock, Texas Lubbock Int'l. 0.11% 16,091 16,351 606,705 8,066.80 25.55

Madison, Wisconsin Truax Field 0.09% 11,473 10,453 518,393 3,436.29 390.36

Manchester/Concord, New Hampshire Municipal 0.07% 10,217 9,896 381,292 13,349.60 264.47

Melbourne, Florida Cape Kennedy Regional 0.05% 3,490 3,503 303,006 249.43 1.79

Midland/Odessa, Texas Midland/Odessa Field 0.10% 10,880 11,007 534,510 910.41 492.28

Mission/McAllen/Edinburg, Texas Miller Int'l. 0.05% 4,209 4,136 301,582 804.89 983.99

Mobile, Alabama/Pascagoula, Mississippi Bates Field 0.06% 5,875 5,713 344,493 636.65 371.79 MOB Aerospace 0.00% 636 626 3,824.22 Community Total 0.06% 6,511 6,339 344,493 4,460.87 371.79

Myrtle Beach, South Carolina Grand Strand 0.00% 2 2 1.57 Myrtle Beach AFB 0.08% 8,869 7,640 441,493 465.49 Community Total 0.08% 8,871 7,642 441,493 467.06

Newburgh, New York Stewart 0.07% 6,953 6,460 369,708 12,789.01 1,329.51

Norfolk/Virginia Beach/Portsmouth/ Chesapeake, Virginia Chambers NAS 0.00% 435 7 15,188 2,663.68 Norfolk Regional 0.23% 23,099 22,946 1,263,078 6,666.29 6,406.65 Community Total 0.23% 23,534 22,953 1,278,266 9,329.97 6,406.65

Pensacola, Florida Pensacola Regional 0.09% 12,658 12,909 484,938 474.75 1,905.05

4-27 Table 4.9 Aircraft Departures, Enplaned Revenue Passengers, and Enplaned Revenue Tons of Cargo and Mail in Total Operations, All Service at Small Air Traffic Hubs 12 Months Ending December 31, 1996

Percent of Aircraft Departures Enplaned Revenue Tons Community Enplane- Total Scheduled Enplaned Freight Mail Airport Name ments Performed Passengers

Portland, Maine Portland Int'l. Jetport 0.08% 10,007 10,545 433,473 3,923.30 857.56

Providence, Rhode Island Theodore Francis Green State 0.20% 18,525 19,048 1,128,679 3,436.75 3,284.59

Richmond, Virginia Richard E. Byrd Flying Field 0.18% 21,232 19,942 992,861 17,194.24 7,149.32

Rochester, New York Rochester-Monroe County 0.19% 22,606 21,849 1,041,628 22,603.14 3,492.22

Saipan, Mariana Islands Saipan Int'l. 0.08% 6,771 6,766 429,226 5,690.00 188.58

Sarasota/Bradenton, Florida Sarasota-Bradenton 0.13% 9,586 9,484 726,156 348.07 1,525.94

Savannah, Georgia Hunter AFB 0.00% 46 8,112 Savannah Int'l. 0.11% 7,231 7,259 594,214 1,591.92 988.88 Community Total 0.11% 7,277 7,259 602,326 1,591.92 988.88

Sioux Falls, South Dakota Joe Foss Field 0.05% 6,438 6,166 299,513 5,715.03 2,836.08

South Bend, Indiana Michiana Regional 0.07% 11,817 11,971 398,455 5,007.24 1,402.47

Syracuse, New York Clarence E. Hancock 0.14% 20,104 19,705 808,407 13,885.16 3,752.89

White Plains, New York Westchester County 0.06% 6,283 6,963 309,280 3.01 0.28 Wichita, Kansas McConnell AFB 0.00% 21 92 164.34 Mid-Continent 0.12% 17,217 15,865 678,337 10,295.63 3,291.50 Community Total 0.12% 17,238 15,865 678,429 10,459.97 3,291.50

Total, Small Hubs 6.65% 754,914 722,170 37,122,974 755,232.44 157,137.07

4-28 TABLE 4.10 TOP 100 AIRPORTS IN RANK ORDER BY TOTAL ENPLANED PASSENGERS LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED OPERATIONS 1996 Airport Name Community Passengers Rank Enplaned O'Hare Int'l. Chicago, IL 30,526,099 1 William B. Hartsfield Int'l. Atlanta, GA 30,371,722 2 Dallas/Ft. Worth Dallas/Ft. Worth, TX 26,623,253 3 Los Angeles Int'l. Los Angeles, CA 22,721,760 4 San Francisco Int'l. San Francisco/Oakland, CA 16,286,751 5 Denver Int'l. Denver, CO 15,245,515 6 Phoenix Sky Harbor Int'l. Phoenix, AZ 14,807,067 7 Wayne County Detroit, MI 14,117,157 8 McCarrran Int'l. Los Vegas, NV 14,054,185 9 Lambert-St. Louis Municipal St. Louis, MO 13,546,822 10 Newark Newark, NJ 12,916,177 11 Minneapolis/St. Paul Int'l. Minneapolis/St. Paul, MN 12,615,766 12 Miami Int'l. Miami, FL 11,905,703 13 Houston Intercontinental Houston, TX 11,621,912 14 Seattle-Tacoma Int'l. Seattle/Tacoma, WA 11,489,435 15 Orlando Int'l. Orlando, FL 10,827,876 16 Logan Int'l. Boston, MA 10,653,062 17 Douglas Municipal Charlotte, NC 10,007,754 18 John F. Kennedy Int'l. New York, NY 9,702,990 19 La Guardia New York, NY 9,593,815 20 Salt Lake City Int'l. Salt Lake City, UT 9,462,749 21 Greater Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA 9,348,025 22 Honolulu Int'l. Honolulu, HI 9,124,893 23 Philadelphia Int'l. Philadelphia, PA 8,571,564 24 Greater Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH 7,299,565 25 Washington National Washington, DC 6,771,891 26 San Diego Int'l.-Linbergh San Diego, CA 6,549,170 27 Portland, Int'l. Portland, OR 6,125,910 28 Baltimore/Washington Int'l. Baltimore, MD 5,907,010 29 Tampa Int'l. Tampa, FL 5,712,015 30 Hopkins Int'l. Cleveland, OH 5,286,691 31 Ft. Lauderdale-Hollywood Int'l. Ft. Lauderdale/Hollywood, FL 4,847,608 32 San Municipal San Jose, CA 4,831,727 33 Kansas City Int'l. Kansas City, MO 4,819,759 34 Dulles Int'l. Washington, DC 4,750,404 35 Oakland Metropolitan Int'l. San Francisco/Oakland, CA 4,684,494 36 Luis Moons Marin Int'l. San Juan, PR 4,549,840 37 Midway Chicago, IL 4,411,711 38 New Orleans Int'l. New Orleans, LA 4,179,901 39 William P. Hobby Houston, TX 4,026,140 40 Memphis Int'l. Memphis, TN 3,943,809 41 Love Field Dallas, TX 3,539,567 42 Orange County Los Angeles/Burbank/Long Beach, CA 3,526,892 43 Indianapolis, Int'l Indianapolis, IN 3,326,430 44 Sacramento Metropolitan Sacramento, CA 3,321,319 45 San Antonio Int'l. San Antonio, TX 3,319,410 46 Albuquerque Int'l. Albuquerque, NM 3,274,105 47 Metropolitan Nashville, TN 3,254,956 48 Reno Int'l. Reno, NV 3,128,543 49 Ontario Int'l. Ontario/San Bernardino/Riverside, CA 3,114,916 50 Port Columbus Int'l. Columbus, OH 3,102,287 51

4-29 TABLE 4.10 TOP 100 AIRPORTS IN RANK ORDER BY TOTAL ENPLANED PASSENGERS LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED OPERATIONS 1996 Airport Name Community Passengers Rank Enplaned Raleigh-Durham Raleigh/Durham, NC 2,879,935 52 Robert Mueller Municipal Austin, TX 2,829,581 53 Palm Beach Int'l. West Palm Beach/Palm Beach, FL 2,667,864 54 Kahului Kahului, Maui, HI 2,566,957 55 Bradley Int'l. Hartford/Springfield/Westfield,CT 2,549,673 56 General Mitchell Field Milwaukee, WI 2,499,728 57 Peterson Field Colorado Springs, CO 2,416,577 58 Hollywood-Burbank Los Angeles/Burbank/Long Beach, CA 2,364,071 59 Southwest Florida Int'l. Fort Myers, FL 1,945,051 60 El Paso Int'l. El Paso, TX 1,802,446 61 Will Rodgers World Oklahoma City, OK 1,742,844 62 Standiford Field Louisville, KY 1,713,487 63 Tucson Int'l. Tucson, AZ 1,695,213 64 Eppley Airfield Omaha, NE 1,666,357 65 Jacksonville Int'l. Jacksonville, FL 1,660,738 66 Anchorage Int'l. Anchorage, AK 1,645,978 67 Tulsa Int'l. Tulsa, OK 1,638,275 68 Spokane Int'l. Spokane, WA 1,621,890 69 Greater Buffalo Int'l. Buffalo/Niagara Falls, NY 1,390,689 70 Birmingham Municipal Birmingham, AL 1,312,897 71 Norfolk Regional Norfolk/Virginia Beach/Portsmouth/Chesapeake, VA 1,263,078 72 Adams Field Little Rock, Arkansas 1,252,312 73 Agana Field Guam, Guam 1,222,098 74 Boise Air Terminal/Gowen Field Boise, ID 1,213,021 75 Greensboro-High Point-Winston Reg.Greensboro/High Point/Winston/Salem, NC 1,200,587 76 Lihue Lihue, Kauai, HI 1,148,188 77 Ke-Ahole Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, HI 1,131,596 78 Theodore Francis Green State Providence, Rhode Island 1,128,679 79 Rochester-Monroe County Rochester, NY 1,041,628 80 Richard E. Byrd Flying Field Richmond, VA 992,861 81 James M Cox/Dayton Int'l. Dayton, OH 823,454 82 Albany County Albany, NY 810,130 83 Clarence E. Hancock Syracuse, NY 808,407 84 Des Moines Municipal Des Moines, IA 800,024 85 Kent County Grand Rapids, MI 777,649 86 General Lyman Field Hilo,Hawaii. HI 759,723 87 Sarasota-Bradenton Sarasota/Bradenton, FL 726,156 88 Mid-Continent Wichita, KS 678,337 89 Charleston AFB/Municipal Charleston, SC 656,139 90 Lubbock Int'l. Lubbock, TX 606,705 91 Mc Ghee Tyson Knoxville, TN 601,472 92 Savannah Int'l. Savannah, GA 594,214 93 Greenville/Spartanburg Greenville/Spartenburg, SC 592,641 94 Midland/Odessa Field Midland/Odessa, TX 534,510 95 Truax Field Madison, WI 518,393 96 Columbia Metropolitan Columbia, SC 512,326 97 Pensacola Regional Pensacola, FL 484,938 98 Corpus Christi Int'l. Corpus Christi, TX 469,839 99 Harlingen Industrial Park Brownsville/Harlingen/San Benito, TX 468,257 100

4-30 V. US CIVIL AIR CARRIER FLEET

The US air carrier fleet data shown in this chapter were developed from reports collected by the FAA field offices from the carriers detailing the number of aircraft by type used in air carrier service and their associated flight hours. The aircraft population here is not an inventory of the aircraft owned by the air carriers, but represents the aircraft reported to the FAA as being used in air carrier service.

The aircraft reported in this chapter are all aircraft carrying passengers or cargo for hire under 14 CFR 121 (large aircraft-more than 30 seats) and 14 CFR 135 (small aircraft-30 seats or less).

DEFINITIONS

Air Carrier-- An aircraft carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation.

Air Taxi--Carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation using small aircraft (30 seats or less) under FAR Part 135, excluding commuter air carrier.

Commuter Air Carrier-- Carrying passengers for hire or compensation using small aircraft (30 seats or less) under FAR Part 135 performing at least five scheduled round trips per week or carries cargo/mail.

Large Aircraft-- An air carrier aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation.

Small Aircraft-- An air carrier aircraft with a seating capacity 30 seats or less or a maximum payload capacity of 7,500 pounds or less carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

5-1 TABLE 5.1 TOTAL AIRCRAFT REPORTED IN OPERATION BY AIR CARRIERS BY TYPE OF AIRCRAFT 1987 - 1996

Fixed Wing Total Total Turbine Piston Rotary- Year Total Fixed- Total Turbojet Turboprop Wing Wing 1987 5,250 5,237 4,816 3,575 1,241 421 13 1988 5,660 5,652 5,290 3,915 1,375 362 8 1989 5,778 5,771 5,418 3,942 1,476 353 7 1990 6,083 6,072 5,743 4,148 1,595 329 11 1991 6,054 6,048 5,765 4,167 1,598 283 6 1992 * 7,320 7,187 6,340 4,446 1,894 847 133 1993 * 7,297 7,173 6,452 4,584 1,868 721 124 1994 * 7,370 7,242 6,418 4,636 1,782 824 128 1995 * 7,411 7,293 6,549 4,834 1,715 744 118 1996 * 7,478 7,357 6,622 4,922 1,700 735 121

Note: Air carrier aircraft are aircraft carrying passengers or cargo for hire under 14 CFR 121 (large aircraft-more than 30 seats) and 14 CFR 135 (small Aircraft--30 seats or less). This definition is more encompassing than that used in the FAA Aviation Forecast--jet aircraft, 60 seats or more carrying passengers or cargo for hire.

Note: Beginning in 1987, the number of aircraft is the monthly average of the number of aircraft reported in use for the last three months of the year. Prior to 1987, it was the number of aircraft reported in use during December of the year.

Source: 1983 - 1991 Air Carrier Aircraft Utilization and Propulsion Reliability Report; Aviation Aviation Standards National Field Office, Federal Aviation Administration. Beginning in 1992 the source is the Vital Information System

* Does not include the aircraft operated by the On-demand Air Taxis.

5-2 Table 5.2 Aircraft Reported in Operation* By Air Carrier, By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total 7,478 7,411 7,370 7,297 7,320 6,054 6,083 5,778 5,660 5,250 Turbojet--4-engine--Total 440 435 420 410 389 410 432 428 427 382 Boeing B707 5 6 16 13 20 27 25 27 31 31 Boeing B747 195 189 186 183 178 184 190 180 171 156 British Aerospace Aircraft Group BAE146 21 18 15 20 23 17 44 53 57 57 British Aerospace Aircraft Group AVRO 146 --- 3 ------Douglas DC8 219 219 203 194 168 182 173 168 168 138 Turbojet--3-engine--Total 1,212 1,210 1,236 1,292 1,381 1,376 1,438 1,459 1,542 1,469 Boeing B727 856 877 906 953 1,029 1,073 1,152 1,167 1,246 1,168 Douglas DC10/MD-11 254 236 244 239 239 203 185 185 184 185 Lockheed L1011 102 97 86 100 113 100 101 107 112 116 Turbojet--2-engine--Total 3,270 3,189 2,980 2,882 2,676 2,381 2,278 2,055 1,946 1,724 Airbus A300 62 53 63 58 58 63 67 63 57 52 Airbus A310 27 23 17 27 21 42 21 19 19 13 Airbus A320 113 104 86 75 54 35 10 11 ------Boeing B737 1055 1,055 1,012 1,013 915 835 812 756 706 633 Boeing B757 457 440 395 375 328 234 199 146 122 95 Boeing B767 213 210 194 187 170 136 120 111 126 83 Boeing B777 15 7 ------British Aircraft BAC111 ------1 3 --- 30 39 Canadair CL-600 53 35 --- 5 ------Cessna C500/C501 ------3 2 --- 0 ------Cessna C550 ------7 5 ------Cessna C650 ------1 ------Dassault Falcon ------2 ------Douglas DC9/MD-80MD90 1114 1,102 1,061 1,009 1,002 953 967 888 837 760 Fokker F28 155 155 148 129 117 75 68 53 47 47 Grumman G1159 ------1 3 1 ------Gulfstream G111 --- 2 2 ------Israel Aircaft 1121 ------1 ------Learjet LR25 2 ------3 2 1 2 1 --- Learjet LR35 4 3 2 1 3 --- 2 1 1 2 Turboprop--4-engine--Total 56 81 87 102 107 75 88 96 95 102 Canadair CL44 --- 1 1 1 5 --- 5 5 6 6 DeHavilland DHC7 12 16 27 38 40 33 40 41 39 41 Lockheed L188 23 43 41 45 44 24 24 30 30 34 Lockheed L382 21 21 18 18 18 18 19 20 20 21 Turboprop--2-engine--Total1,639 1,634 1,695 1,751 1,787 1,523 1,507 1,380 1,280 1,139 Beech BE65 ------16 ------1 4 Beech BE90 3 1 1 3 1 ------1 4 Beech BE95 ------1 ------Beech BE99 27 36 41 29 39 32 54 53 84 52 Beech BE100 2 1 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 --- Beech BE200 11 4 7 9 11 8 16 10 7 5 Beech BE1900 254 289 281 251 231 167 147 109 80 48 British Aerospace Aircraft --- Group Jetstream 223 174 237 247 240 214 222 165 135 113 British Aerospace BA ATP 10 10 9 9 10 10 4 ------Cessna C425 ------2 1 ------Cessna C441 2 2 2 --- 2 2 2 4 3 2 Construcciones Aeronautics

5- 3 Table 5.2 Aircraft Reported in Operation* By Air Carrier, By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 CA212 --- 1 1 1 --- 13 16 16 18 16 Convair CV580/640/600 23 34 29 16 19 37 33 58 72 77 DeHavilland DHC6 38 44 53 67 74 69 67 69 63 71 DeHavilland DHC8 151 137 142 120 115 81 74 64 44 34 Dornier DO228 ------7 13 13 31 32 34 33 18 Dornier DO328 39 33 ------Embraer EM110 3 14 15 14 16 23 48 59 77 97 Embraer EM120 235 217 223 217 195 167 156 105 62 36 Fairchild FH27 1 1 2 1 2 7 9 7 7 13 Fairchild FH227 ------3 3 4 11 8 Fairchild SA227-DC 5 Fokker F27 35 34 35 49 51 40 46 42 33 26 Grumman G73 5 5 5 --- 5 4 7 5 7 --- Grumman G159 ------1 2 7 6 5 14 Grumman G500 ------1 --- McKinnon G-21 4 2 2 2 ------Mitsubishi MU2 3 ------10 1 1 ------1 Nihon YS11 11 11 25 25 31 22 21 21 22 36 Nord ND262 ------1 --- 1 2 9 12 Piper 31T 9 5 1 79 99 8 8 12 9 6 Piper 42 2 1 1 --- 1 1 ------Rockwell AC690 ------1 1 Saab-Fairchild SF340 226 219 202 209 195 153 109 85 68 51 Short SC7 3 3 5 6 6 2 2 ------Short SD3 39 38 63 74 88 93 103 118 110 110 S.N.I.A.S. ATR42 99 110 111 108 108 101 77 62 35 20 S.N.I.A.S. ATR72 51 51 44 27 14 ------Swearingen SA226 9 13 11 14 14 31 22 57 90 101 Swearingen SA227 116 144 138 158 174 200 218 212 191 163 Turboprop--1-engine--Total 5 0 0 15 NA NA NA NA NA NA Piston--4-engine--Total 18 15 19 22 20 26 31 35 36 38 Douglas DC4 ------Douglas DC6 18 15 18 21 19 25 30 34 35 37 Douglas DC7 ------1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Piston--3-engine--Total 7 1 5 --- 5 5 6 5 3 3 Britten Norman MK3 7 1 5 --- 5 5 6 5 3 3 Piston--2-engine--Total 313 329 335 293 415 252 292 313 323 380 Aero Commander 500 --- 1 2 ------Beech BE18 17 18 16 16 18 5 3 5 6 5 Beech BE36 ------5 ------1 3 --- Beech BE55 ------1 ------2 Beech BE58 5 6 5 6 14 4 4 6 15 7 Beech BE65 16 19 18 19 --- 2 2 2 2 2 Beech BE76 ------Beech BE95 ------1 3 1 1 1 3 --- Britten Norman BN2A 21 23 21 25 18 14 15 16 30 29 Britten Norman BN2B 4 Cessna C210 ------6 ------Cessna C303T ------1 1 Cessna C310 2 2 1 5 5 2 2 2 --- 1 Cessna C320 ------1 1 ------Cessna C340 ------1 ------Cessna C401 1 --- 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 ---

5- 4 Table 5.2 Aircraft Reported in Operation* By Air Carrier, By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Cessna C402 97 104 107 117 126 91 110 98 101 143 Cessna C404 ------3 1 1 1 4 4 Cessna C414 ------1 1 1 ------Cessna C421 ------2 ------1 --- Convair CV240 13 16 20 23 19 13 11 9 9 10 Convair CV340/CV440 19 15 27 29 30 24 25 26 21 23 DeHavilland DHC4 1 Douglas DC3 6 11 6 12 21 12 15 19 20 38 Grumman G21 --- 4 4 5 7 ------Grumman G44 2 4 6 4 4 ------1 1 Grumman G73 ------6 ------2 3 4 12 Grumman G111 2 ------2 ------2 Martin M404 ------2 2 1 Partenivia PT68 ------2 Piper P23 9 12 12 11 16 8 9 9 9 11 Piper P28 ------18 ------Piper P31 86 83 79 ------66 81 100 71 77 Piper P32 ------78 4 2 2 2 2 Piper P34 10 9 9 8 16 3 7 9 12 4 Piper P44 ------1 ------1 1 Piper PA600 1 2 1 1 1 ------1 1 2 Piper PA601 1 Piper PA1020T ------Piston--1-engine--Total 397 399 465 406 407 NA NA NA NA NA Helicopter--Total 121 118 128 124 133 6 11 7 8 13 Aerospatiale AS332 2 2 Aerospatiale AS350 16 16 Aerospatiale AS355 4 1 Bell B206 35 35 Bell B212 14 14 Helicopters by Manufacturer and Model not available for prior years. Bell B208 --- 16 Bell B412 16 --- MBB BO105 28 28 Enstrom F28 2 2 Sikorsky S58 4 4

Note: Air carrier aircraft are aircraft carrying passengers or cargo for hire under 14 CFR 121 (large aircraft-more 30 seats) and 14 CFR 135 (small Aircraft--30 seats or less). This definition is mores encompassing than that in the FAA Aviation Forecast--jet aircraft, 60 seats pr more carring passengers or cargo for hire.

Note: Beginning in 1987, the number of aircraft is the monthly average of the number of aircraft reported in use for the last three months of the year. Prior to 1987, it was the number of aircraft reported in use in December of the year.

Source: 1983 - 1991 Air Carrier Aircraft Utilization and Propulsion Reliability Report; Aviation Standards National Field Office, Federal Aviation Administration. Beginning in 1992, Vital Information System

*Excludes aircraft operated by the On-demand Air Taxis

5- 5 Table 5.3 Total Flight Hours for Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 TOTAL 14,784,409 14,079,842 14,835,275 14,358,321 13,839,486 13,483,182 13,500,128 12,687,084 12,284,089 11,885,699 Turbojet--4-engine--Total 934,572 906,944 898,893 844,109 886,306 999,133 1,139,210 1,120,917 1,093,392 997,951 Boeing B707 7,814 10,685 18,684 17,581 25,239 34,125 39,522 40,046 43,946 36,206 Boeing B747 576,063 558,061 554,706 559,776 584,095 630,850 680,668 643,231 620,327 575,426 British Aerospace Aircraft Group BAE146 45,772 24,852 22,608 29,630 43,261 49,806 94,574 121,415 128,339 125,918 Douglas DC8 304,923 313,346 302,895 237,122 233,711 284,352 324,446 316,225 300,780 260,401 Turbojet--3-engine--Total2,378,145 2,348,646 2,595,149 2,803,237 3,005,453 3,125,859 3,459,434 3,533,071 3,705,084 3,865,525 Boeing B727 1,443,603 1,465,953 1,612,445 1,783,992 1,984,035 2,208,622 2,528,818 2,606,796 2,780,240 2,930,107 Douglas DC10/MD11 682,265 615,948 670,504 713,760 700,964 613,916 587,954 589,989 583,558 566,751 Lockheed L1011 252,277 266,745 312,200 305,485 320,454 303,321 342,662 336,286 341,286 368,667 Turbojet--2-engine--Total8,715,239 8,020,385 8,235,199 7,465,461 6,735,753 6,286,850 5,999,153 5,295,578 4,951,466 4,575,179 Airbus A300 137,969 139,668 165,377 157,636 152,677 166,833 177,996 158,716 150,603 156,947 Airbus A310 37,265 37,058 52,586 78,733 84,523 79,073 80,040 76,537 61,663 27,234 Airbus A320 315,645 287,430 273,254 222,048 161,745 81,881 27,290 8,523 ------Boeing B737 2,825,711 2,634,325 2,780,159 2,549,653 2,365,822 2,318,936 2,253,106 2,039,117 1,859,347 1,730,473 Boeing B757 1,308,237 1,179,682 1,202,815 1,080,217 879,069 666,430 549,289 359,955 321,369 270,729 Boeing B767 779,372 761,452 779,585 678,602 526,801 499,962 429958 412,183 367,591 274,429 Boeing B777 42,918 9,628 British Aircraft BAC111 --- 2 68 7 236 159 630 27,611 65,095 84,642 Canadair CL-600 107,279 75,166 45,455 9,560 ------Cessna C500/C501 ------54 Cessna C550 ------10,073 3,237 ------Dassault Falcon ------390 ------278 ------Dassault MD10 ------593 53 ------Dassault MD20 ------1,349 2,002 ------Douglas DC9/MD80 2,803,885 2,544,037 2,596,561 2,438,151 2,365,520 2,317,321 2,323,334 2,106,800 2,035,672 1,931,391 Fokker F28 356,958 351,015 335,222 247,235 196,582 155,122 145,547 101,421 88,682 97,727 Grumman G1159 --- 831 529 720 270 413 60 --- 47 --- Hamberger Flugzeubam HFB320 --- 13 2,934 433 ------Learjet LR25 --- 78 264 524 453 291 384 482 44 --- Learjet LR35 ------151 1,446 996 1,353 1,553 Turboprop--4-engine-- Total 44,193 43,598 83,600 95,441 106,657 138,463 164,771 175,469 154,747 181,424 Canadair CL44 97 376 519 76 1,409 1,892 5,896 6,527 8,427 9,355 DeHavilland DHC7 15,944 21,529 39,162 56,297 54,362 58,579 76,007 86,434 76,027 91,899 Lockheed L188 11,822 4,671 14,503 13,113 15,230 28,543 32,286 31,457 23,691 33,618 Lockheed L382 16,330 17,022 29,416 25,955 35,656 49,449 50,582 51,051 46,602 46,552 Turboprop--2-engine-- Total 2,602,374 2,610,000 2,819,079 3,020,638 2,981,344 2,734,707 2,508,271 2,335,386 2,118,066 1,943,532 Aero Commander AC680 --- 998 2,009 ------Beech BE65 ------596 Beech BE90 173 325 218 ------40 374 303 Beech BE99 10,697 34,932 34,891 30,326 26,827 60,176 51,481 86,255 125,247 141,691 Beech BE100 356 446 702 640 627 787 828 934 769 803 Beech BE200 1,625 181 262 5,026 12,196 12,751 31,140 15,134 9,679 3,625 Beech BE1900 405,293 352,506 347,749 440,936 397,510 323,440 238,129 196,469 153,473 135,960 British Aerospace Aircraft Group Jetstream 370,659 396,649 432,356 442,489 434,103 391,062 307,585 274,357 252,253 188,315 British Aerospace BA ATP 13,021 12,947 16,978 11,743 17,156 13,762 3,778 ------Cessna C441 280 --- 1,355 1,452 1,200 1,588 2,782 3,713 4,948 3,874 Construcciones Aeronautics CA212 196 450 7,593 880 10,390 16,240 22,574 21,710 23,610 21,643 Concair CV580/CV640/ CV600 9,530 9,265 20,948 19,266 20,125 21,709 23,534 38,641 63,141 82,371 DeHavilland DHC6 20,064 36,951 64,389 93,794 88,275 95,433 103,670 107,403 113,810 122,783 DeHavilland DHC8 304,138 305,017 270,171 287,442 242,447 174,306 160,925 127,911 80,964 55,680 Dornier DO228 ------6,258 23,121 27,448 59,906 72,680 57,357 56,580 26,032

5-6 Table 5.3 Total Flight Hours for Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Dornier DO328 ??hours? 82,092 31,167 9,952 ------Douglas DC3 ------34 ------531 --- Embraer EM110 1,019 19,885 29,142 28,205 32,270 47,802 85,513 124,773 148,880 177,781 Embrear EM120 479,034 441,964 495,699 480,408 452,114 383,804 310,440 211,897 114,296 66,054 Fairchild FH27 --- 19,478 24,935 923 3,315 2,187 4,605 4,709 9,821 13,502 Fiarchild FH227 ------269 1,030 1,509 4,209 12,169 11,787 Fokker F27 7,472 ------33,394 49,413 61,698 65,309 60,371 50,645 59,910 GAF Nomad N22 ------1,236 ------Grumman G73 2,231 1,526 2,209 2,384 2,311 2,562 1,968 6,328 10,036 --- Grumman G159 ------26 277 288 1,499 9,348 9,669 7,139 15,177 Grumman G500 --- 145 994 ------88 93 --- Mitsubishi MU2 --- 89 220 512 217 222 142 --- 88 256 Nihon YS11 5,443 6,926 7,802 11,272 11,868 14,071 14,254 16,003 17,645 38,093 Nomad N24 ------1,160 ------1,907 --- Nord ND262 ------476 --- 100 487 898 11,132 23,313 Piper 31T 1,441 --- 1,059 49,949 53,249 8,256 9,024 11,410 8,232 5,656 Piper 42 496 469 393 ------Rockwell AC690 ------4 476 Saab-Fairchild SF340 421,967 401,901 439,067 409,336 395,691 287,144 197,149 171,936 152,177 98,616 Short SC7 543 1,289 1,339 1,276 1,221 1,454 964 112 ------Short SD3 23,740 28,502 73,218 110,407 138,658 167,255 203,871 192,509 183,422 217,177 S.N.I.A.S. ATR42 201,635 222,352 219,896 208,454 180,742 174,754 142,741 120,074 60,029 27,943 S.N.I.A.S. ATR72 97,819 90,733 78,356 42,120 21,681 ------Swearingen SA226 8,753 13,477 16,134 19,989 18,837 33,583 52,104 97,484 144,032 163,994 Swearingen SA227 132,657 179,430 212,759 264,141 339,626 374,966 389,737 372,992 300,940 240,121 Turboprop--1-engine-- Total --- 8,380 12,365 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Piston--4-engine--Total 5,780 4,337 14,976 15,315 15,780 21,044 22,919 24,538 25,083 24,367 Douglas DC4 ------419 --- 266 ------Douglas DC6 5,780 4,266 14,554 14,297 15,072 20,465 21,979 23,418 24,055 23,405 Douglas DC7 --- 71 422 1,018 289 579 674 1,120 1,028 962 Piston--3-engine--Total ------1,767 2,680 2,665 3,786 4,664 3,229 2,831 2,477 Britten Norman MK3 ------1,767 2,680 2,665 3,786 4,664 3,229 2,831 2,477 Piston--2-engine--Total 102,039 135,308 171,807 108,289 101,145 168,388 193,646 194,168 229,150 291,397 Aero Commander AC500 ------13 --- Aero Commander AC600 ------70 --- Beech BE18 844 1,484 2,292 1,968 1,984 1,658 1,218 1,157 466 578 Beech A36TC ------1,083 1,040 659 Beech BE55 ------226 --- 295 ------Beech BE58 --- 144 934 1,735 117 3,665 1,823 2,285 2,498 2,165 Beech BE65 ------304 --- 1,042 2,408 2,355 3,940 2,181 Beech BE76 ------28 Beech BE80 --- 158 9,303 --- 772 ------Beech BE95 ------33 299 99 341 442 435 899 635 Britten Norman BN2A 938 1,106 6,220 8,687 11,213 10,288 11,379 15,033 18,129 19,729 Cessna C207T ------639 ------Cessna C210T --- 44 159 ------Cessna C303T ------67 6 Cessna C310 ------238 1,080 376 1,135 573 --- 440 Cessna C340 ------1,028 ------134 --- Cessna C401 ------770 1,032 1,632 376 --- Cessna C402 70,916 79,118 88,978 83,186 75,030 74,396 86,705 86,012 104,933 139,843 Cessna C404 --- 95 430 603 --- 462 468 837 2,321 4,022 Cessna C414 --- 76 201 --- 104 133 50 --- 11 189 Cessna C421 ------26 89 --- Convair CV240 1,226 1,233 2,062 1,518 1,354 3,618 2,950 3,045 3,694 2,967 Convair CV340/CV440 419 2,975 4,118 2,825 2,468 6,316 6,189 6,820 6,229 6,384 Douglas DC3 487 1,678 3,399 3,512 2,075 3,702 5,279 7,389 14,680 21,485 Grumman G73 ------151 --- 93 1,191 1,887 11,178

5-7 Table 5.3 Total Flight Hours for Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Manufacturer and Model 1987 - 1996

Aircraft Make and Model 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Grumman G111 ------1,712 Martin M404 ------127 10 Partenivia PT68 ------13 1,362 Piper P23 --- 15 1,027 2,616 2,230 2,495 3,217 3,419 4,024 5,100 Piper P31 26,242 46,212 51,747 ------56,405 66,000 56,781 61,016 67,554 Piper P32 455 395 411 479 761 933 350 530 768 698 Piper P34 512 575 267 319 384 1,702 2,865 2,895 1,266 981 Piper P44 ------86 --- 20 354 524 Piper PA600 ------43 11 106 409 Piper PA1020T ------558 Piston--1-engine--Total --- 55 NA NA 927 NA NA NA NA NA Helicopter--Total 2,067 2,189 2,440 3,151 3,456 4,952 8,060 4,728 4,270 3,847

Note: Air carrier aircraft are aircraft carrying passengers or cargo for hire under 14 CFR 121 (large aircraft-more than 30 seats) and 14 CFR 135 (small Aircraft--30 seats or less). This definition is more encompassing than that used in the FAA Aviation Forecast--jet aircraft, 60 seats or more carrying passengers or cargo for hire.

5-8 Table 5.4 Total Large Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Carrier, and By Engine Type 1996

Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary Name of Carrier All Air- Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Wing Craft Total 5,757 4,916 440 1,212 3,264 788 56 732 53 18 3 32 ABX Air Inc. dba Airborne Express 106 95 33 --- 62 11 --- 11 ------Air 21 Inc 4 4 ------4 ------Air South Inc. 7 7 ------7 ------Air Transport Int'l. 28 28 28 ------Air Wisconsin Airlines dba United Express 15 15 15 ------Airtrans Airways 10 10 ------10 ------Alaska Airlines Inc. 75 75 ------75 ------Allegheny Airlines dba USAir Express 43 ------43 --- 43 ------Aloha Airlines Inc. 14 14 ------14 ------Aloha Islandair 3 ------3 --- 3 ------America West Airlines Inc. 101 101 ------101 ------American Airlines Inc. 666 666 --- 136 530 ------American Int'l. Airways Inc. dba Asia Pacific Int'l. 48 48 29 19 ------American Trans Air Inc. 47 47 --- 38 9 ------AmeriJet International Inc. 10 10 --- 10 ------Arrow Air Inc. 12 12 12 ------Atlantic Coast Airlines dba United Express 28 ------28 --- 28 ------Atlantic Southeast Airlines Inc. 17 5 5 ------12 --- 12 ------Atlas Air Inc. 18 18 18 ------Avi Inc dba Air Vegas Inc. 7 ------7 --- 7 ------Business Express Inc. 37 ------37 --- 37 ------Capital Cargo International Airlines2 Inc 2 --- 2 ------Carnival Air Lines Inc. 30 30 --- 7 23 ------CCair Inc. dba USAir Express 13 ------13 --- 13 ------Challenge Air Cargo Inc. 4 4 1 --- 3 ------Comair Inc. 54 43 ------43 11 --- 11 ------Continental Airlines Inc. dba New York Airlines 300 300 2 52 246 ------Continental Express Inc. 43 ------43 2 41 ------Continental Micronesia Inc. 17 17 --- 17 ------Corporate Air 3 ------3 --- 3 ------Corporate Flight Management Inc. dba Corporate Airlines 4 ------4 --- 4 ------Custom Air Transport 5 5 --- 5 ------Delta Air Lines Inc. 539 539 --- 193 346 ------DHL Airways Inc. dba DHL 27 27 7 20 ------Eagle Jet Charter 3 ------3 --- 3 ------Eastwind Airlines 2 2 ------2 ------Emery Worldwide Airlines Inc. 39 39 39 ------Empire Airlines Inc. 11 ------11 --- 11 ------ERA Aviation Inc. 6 ------2 --- 2 4 ------4 --- Evergreen Int'l. Airlines Inc. 19 19 11 --- 8 ------Executive Airlines Inc. dba American Eagle 28 ------28 --- 28 ------

5-9 Table 5.4 Total Large Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Carrier, and By Engine Type 1996

Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary Name of Carrier All Air- Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Wing Craft Express Airlines I dba Northwest Airlines 35 ------35 --- 35 ------Express One Int'l. Inc. 23 23 --- 23 ------Falcon Air Express 1 1 --- 1 ------Federal Express Corp. 260 260 2 214 44 ------Fine Airlines Inc. 11 11 11 ------Flagship Airlines Inc. dba A American Eagle 57 ------57 --- 57 ------Frontier Airlines Inc. 10 10 ------10 ------Gemini Air Cargo L L C 3 3 --- 3 ------Grand Holdings dba Champion Air 5 5 --- 5 ------Gulf and Caribbean Cargo 1 ------1 ------1 --- Gulfstream Int'l. Airlines 5 ------5 --- 5 ------H C L Aviation Inc. dba AV Atlantic 7 7 --- 7 ------Hawaiian Airlines Inc. 23 23 --- 10 13 ------Horizon Air Industries Inc. 48 13 ------13 35 --- 35 ------Jettrain Corporation 3 3 ------3 ------Kitty Hawk Aircargo Inc. 24 15 --- 10 5 9 --- 9 ------Kiwi Int'l. Air Lines Inc. 15 15 --- 15 ------Laker Airways Inc 3 3 --- 3 ------Lynx Air International 3 ------3 --- 3 ------Mahalo Air Inc. 7 ------7 --- 7 ------Markair Inc. 2 2 ------2 ------Maverick Airways Corporation 1 ------1 1 ------Merlin Express Inc 2 ------2 --- 2 ------Mesa Airlines dba American West Express 8 2 ------2 6 --- 6 ------Mesaba Aviation Inc. 32 ------32 --- 32 ------Miami Air International Inc. 7 7 --- 7 ------Midway Airlines Corporation 13 13 ------13 ------Midwest Express Airlines Inc. 22 22 ------22 ------Millon Air Inc 4 4 4 ------Mountain Air Cargo Inc. 22 ------22 --- 22 ------Nations Air Express Inc. dba Miami Air Charter 3 3 --- 1 2 ------Navcom Aviation II dba Prestige Airways 3 3 --- 3 ------North American Airlines 3 3 ------3 ------Northern Air Cargo Inc. 13 1 --- 1 ------12 12 ------Northwest Airlines Inc. 400 400 41 80 279 ------Omni Air Express Inc. 3 3 --- 3 ------Pacific Southwest Airlines Inc 1 ------1 ------1 Pan American World Airways Inc 2 2 ------2 ------Paradise Island Airlines Inc. 5 ------5 5 ------Peninsula Airways Inc 7 ------7 --- 7 ------Piedmont Airlines Inc. dba USAir Express 48 ------48 3 45 ------Piedmont Aviation Services Inc dba Pace Airlines 1 1 ------1 ------

5-10 Table 5.4 Total Large Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Carrier, and By Engine Type 1996

Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary Name of Carrier All Air- Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Wing Craft Polar Air Cargo Inc. 14 14 14 ------Prime Air 2 2 ------2 ------PSA Airlines dba USAir Express 23 ------23 --- 23 ------Reeve Aleutian Airways Inc. 5 2 --- 2 --- 3 3 ------Reno Air Inc. 29 29 ------29 ------Renown Aviation Inc. 14 ------7 3 4 7 ------7 --- Rhoades Aviation Inc. 8 ------8 ------8 --- Rich Int'l. Airways Inc. 21 21 5 16 ------Ross Aviation Inc. 3 2 ------2 1 1 ------Ryan Int'l. Airlines Inc. 43 43 --- 37 6 ------Salair Inc 1 ------1 ------1 Samoa Aviation Inc 2 ------2 --- 2 ------Scenic Airlines Inc 19 ------19 --- 19 ------Shuttle Inc. dba USAir Shuttle 12 12 --- 12 ------Sierra Pacific Airlines Inc. 5 1 ------1 ------4 ------4 --- Simmons Airlines Inc. dba American Eagle 91 ------91 --- 91 ------Skywest Airlines dba Delta Connection 10 10 ------10 ------Southern Air Transport Inc 28 7 7 ------21 21 ------Southwest Airlines Co 242 242 ------242 ------Spirit Airlines Inc. 11 11 ------11 ------Sun Country Airlines Inc. 18 18 --- 18 ------Sun Jet Int'l. Airlines Inc. 6 6 ------6 ------Sun Pacific Int'l 6 6 --- 6 ------Sunworld International Airlines Inc1 1 --- 1 ------Target Airways Ltd dba Great American Airways 8 8 ------8 ------Tatonduk Outfitters Ltd 3 ------3 3 ------TEM Enterprises Inc. dba Casino Express 2 2 ------2 ------Tol Air Services Inc 1 ------1 ------1 Tower Air Inc. dba Trustair 18 18 18 ------Tradewinds Airlines Inc 1 1 --- 1 ------Trans Air Link Corp. 3 ------3 3 ------Trans Continental Airlines Inc. 5 5 5 ------Trans Florida Airlines Inc. 5 ------5 ------5 --- Trans States Airlines Inc. dba Trans World Express/ USAir Express 11 ------11 --- 11 ------Trans World Airlines 195 195 15 54 126 ------Tri Star Airlines 1 1 1 ------UFS Inc. dba United Express 10 ------10 --- 10 ------United Air Lines Inc. 568 568 51 109 408 ------United Parcel Service Co 190 190 62 52 76 ------USA Jet Airlines Inc. 7 7 ------7 ------USAir Inc. 392 392 ------392 ------Valujet Airlines Inc. 15 15 ------15 ------Vanguard Airlines Inc. 8 8 ------8 ------

5-11 Table 5.4 Total Large Aircraft Reported in Operation by Air Carriers By Carrier, and By Engine Type 1996

Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary Name of Carrier All Air- Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 2-eng Total 4-eng 3-eng 2-eng Wing Craft Vieques Air Link Inc 3 ------3 --- 3 ------Viscount Air Service Inc. 1 1 ------1 ------Western Pacific Airlines 15 15 ------15 ------Wings West Airlines Inc. dba American Eagle 40 ------40 --- 40 ------World Airways Inc. 19 19 --- 19 ------Zantop Int'l. Airlines Inc. 31 4 4 ------27 17 10 ------

5-12 Table 5-5 Total Aircraft Reported in Operation By Commuter Air Carriers By Carrier and by Engine Type 1996

Name of Carrier Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary All Air- Total 2-eng Total 2-eng Total 3-eng 2-eng 1-eng Wing craft Total 1,721 6 6 912 907 682 4 281 397 121 40 Mile Air Ltd 18 ------18 -- 1 17 -- Air Midwest Inc 12 -- -- 12 12 ------Air Nevada Airlines Inc 11 ------11 -- 11 -- -- Air St Thomas 3 ------3 -- 3 -- -- Air Sunshine Inc 5 -- -- 1 1 4 -- 4 -- -- Alaska Juneau Aeronautics Inc 19 ------19 -- -- 19 -- Aloha Islandair Inc 4 -- -- 4 4 ------Alpine Aviation Inc 20 -- -- 12 12 8 -- 4 4 -- Arctic Circle Air Service Inc 11 -- -- 2 2 9 -- 2 7 -- Arctic Transportation Services Inc 16 ------16 -- 4 12 -- Aroostook Aviation Inc 5 ------5 -- 3 2 -- Astral Aviation Inc 15 -- -- 15 15 ------Atlantic Coast Airlines 29 -- -- 29 29 ------Atlantic Southeast Airlines Inc 63 -- -- 63 63 ------Avi Inc 12 ------12 -- 9 3 -- Aviation Services Ltd 8 -- -- 1 1 7 -- 1 6 -- Baker Aviation Inc 8 ------8 -- 3 5 -- Bellair Inc 3 ------3 -- -- 3 -- Bemidji Aviation Services Inc 24 -- -- 5 5 19 -- 16 3 -- Bering Air Inc 17 -- -- 1 1 16 -- 11 5 -- Bidzy Ta Hot Aana Corp 8 ------8 -- 1 7 -- Big Sky Transportation Co 4 -- -- 3 3 1 -- 1 -- -- Cape Smythe Air Service Inc 19 -- -- 7 7 12 -- 3 9 -- Caribbean International Airlines Inc 4 ------4 -- 4 -- -- Ccair Inc 14 -- -- 14 14 ------Champlain Enterprises Inc 30 -- -- 30 30 ------Chautauqua Airlines Inc 35 -- -- 35 35 ------Chicago Express Airlines Inc 11 -- -- 11 11 ------Coastal Air Transport Inc 1 ------1 -- 1 -- -- Colgan Air Inc 8 -- -- 8 8 ------Comair Inc 43 -- -- 43 43 ------Conquest Airlines Corp 7 -- -- 7 7 ------Continental Express Inc 57 -- -- 57 57 ------Corporate Flight Management Inc 18 4 4 12 12 2 -- 2 -- -- Downeast Flying Service Inc 8 -- -- 1 1 7 -- 5 2 -- Eagle Canyon Airlines Inc 18 ------18 -- 14 4 -- Era Aviation Inc 102 1 1 10 10 2 -- 2 -- 89 Exec Express Ii Inc 8 -- -- 8 8 ------Express Airlines I Inc 22 -- -- 22 22 ------F S Air Service Inc 11 1 1 3 3 7 -- 6 1 -- Flamenco Airways Inc 11 ------11 1 10 -- -- Flying Boat Inc 7 -- -- 5 5 2 -- 2 -- -- Frontier Flying Service Inc 12 -- -- 4 4 8 -- 7 1 -- Gorda Aero Services Inc 2 ------2 -- 1 1 -- Grant Aviation Inc 11 ------11 -- 4 7 -- Great Lakes Aviation Ltd 60 -- -- 56 56 4 -- 2 2 -- Gulfstream International Airlines Inc 16 -- -- 16 16 ------Hageland Aviation Services Inc 29 ------29 -- 5 24 -- Haines Airways Inc 8 ------8 -- 2 6 --

5- 13 Table 5-5 Total Aircraft Reported in Operation By Commuter Air Carriers By Carrier and by Engine Type 1996

Name of Carrier Total Turbojet Turboprop Piston Rotary All Air- Total 2-eng Total 2-eng Total 3-eng 2-eng 1-eng Wing craft Harbor Airlines Inc 5 ------5 -- 5 -- -- Horizon Air Industries Inc 17 -- -- 17 17 ------Hyannis Air Service Inc 28 ------28 -- 28 -- -- Jib Inc 12 ------12 -- 7 5 -- Katmailand Inc 7 ------7 -- 1 6 -- Kenmore Air Harbor Inc 21 -- -- 3 -- 18 -- -- 18 -- Ketchikan Air Service Inc 19 -- -- 3 1 16 -- 3 13 -- L A B Flying Service Inc 40 ------38 -- 8 30 2 Larrys Flying Service Inc 16 ------16 -- 5 11 -- Las Vegas Airlines Inc 4 ------4 -- 4 -- -- Lynden Air Cargo 3 ------3 -- -- 3 -- Merlin Express Inc 35 -- -- 35 35 ------Mesa Airlines Inc 134 -- -- 134 134 ------Mesaba Aviation Inc 26 -- -- 26 26 ------New England Airlines Inc 6 ------6 -- 2 4 -- New York Helicopter Corp 12 ------12 Olson Air Service Inc 5 ------5 -- 2 3 -- Pacific Island Aviation Inc 11 -- -- 6 6 5 -- -- 5 -- Papillon Airways Inc 18 ------18 Peninsula Airways Inc 31 -- -- 7 7 24 -- 7 17 -- Promech Inc 7 ------7 -- -- 7 -- Redemption Inc 2 ------2 -- -- 2 -- Redwing Airways Inc 4 ------4 -- 3 1 -- Safe Air International Inc 3 ------3 -- 3 -- -- Samoa Aviation Inc 1 -- -- 1 1 ------Scenic Airlines Inc 41 ------41 -- 8 33 -- Seaborne Aviation Inc 4 -- -- 4 4 ------Skagway Air Service Inc 12 ------12 -- 3 9 -- Skywest Airlines Inc 58 -- -- 58 58 ------Southcentral Air Inc 11 -- -- 4 4 7 -- 5 2 -- Springdale Air Service Inc 18 -- -- 1 1 17 -- 17 -- -- Taquan Air Service Inc 18 ------18 -- -- 18 -- Tatonduk Outfitters Ltd 4 ------4 -- -- 4 -- Trans Executive Airlines Of Hawaii 3 ------3 -- 3 -- -- Trans States Airlines Inc 59 -- -- 59 59 ------Vieques Air Link Inc 10 ------10 3 7 -- -- Village Aviation Inc 9 ------9 -- -- 9 -- Warbelows Air Ventures Inc 13 ------13 -- 8 5 -- West Isle Air Inc 8 ------8 -- 1 7 -- Westair Commuter Airlines Inc 37 -- -- 37 37 ------Wings West Airlines Inc 20 -- -- 20 20 ------Wright Air Service Inc 13 ------13 -- 4 9 -- Yute Air Alaska Inc 29 ------29 -- 3 26 --

5- 14 VI. US CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS-OPERATING DATA

The traffic and financial data contained in this chapter include data for all US Certificated Air Carriers--those holding a certificate issued under Section 401 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 as amended; and the commuter air carriers-- those holding a certificate issued under Section 298C of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 as amended.

The tables in this chapter are divided into two groups: 6-1 -16.15 cover the large carriers and 6.16 - 6.18 cover the small certificated, commuter and large certificated medium regional carriers. Please note that some large certificated medium regional carriers are included in both groups of tables. The information for the large air carriers was obtained from the following sources published by the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS) of the Department of Transportation:

Air Carrier Traffic Statistics compiled from BTS Form 41: T-100 system; and

Air Carrier Financial Statistics compiled from BTS Form 41: Schedules B -1 and P -1.

The information for the small certificated, commuter, and large certificated medium regional carriers was obtained from:

Air Carrier Industry Scheduled Service Statistics: Medium Regional Section: compiled from BTS Form 298C: Schedules A - 1 and T - 1.

DEFINITIONS

Air Carrier - A company or other organization that carries passengers or cargo for hire or compensation by air.

All Services -- The total of scheduled and nonscheduled services.

Available Seat Miles - The aircraft miles flown in each inter-airport hop multiplied by the number of seats available on that hop for revenue passenger use.

Average Number of Available Seats per Aircraft - Available seat miles divided by the number of revenue aircraft miles in passenger service.

Carrier Group - A grouping of large certificated air carriers determined by annual operating revenues as shown below:

Carrier Group Annual Operating Revenue

Majors More than $1,000,000,000 National $100,000,000 - $1,000,000,000 Large Regionals $20,000,000 - $99,999,999 Medium Regionals Less than $19,999,999

Domestic Operations - operations within the 50 states of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. It also encompasses scheduled Canadian transborder operations and, for certain carriers, scheduled Mexican transborder operations.

Enplaned Passengers The- total number of revenue passengers boarding aircraft.

Enplaned Revenue Tons of Freight and Mail - The number of revenue tons of freight and mail loaded on an aircraft including originating and transfer tons.

Freight - Property other than express and passenger baggage transported by air.

International Operations - operations that are not domestic.

Large Certificated Air Carrier - An air carrier is one that operates aircraft designed to have a maximum passenger seating capacity of more than 60 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 18,000 pounds, or conducts international operations.

6-1 Nonscheduled Service - Revenue flights that are not operated in regularly scheduled service such as charter flights.

On Flight (on line) Passenger Trip Length - Average length of a passenger trip, calculated by dividing the number of revenue passenger miles by the number of revenue enplanements.

Passenger Revenue Ton Mile - One ton of revenue passenger weight (including all baggage) transported one mile. The passenger weight standard for both domestic and international operations is 200 pounds.

Revenue - Pertaining to activities for which remuneration is received by the carrier.

Revenue Aircraft Departure-The number of aircraft take-offs in revenue service.

Revenue Aircraft Hours - The airborne hours in revenue service, computed from the moment the aircraft leaves the ground until it touches the ground again.

Revenue Aircraft Miles - The miles (computed in airport-to airport distance) for each inter-airport hop actually completed in revenue service.

Revenue Passenger - Person receiving air transportation from an air carrier for which remuneration is received by the carrier.

Revenue Passenger Enplanements - The total number of revenue passengers boarding aircraft.

Revenue Passenger Load Factor - The percent that revenue passenger miles are of available seat miles in revenue passenger service, representing the proportion of aircraft seating capacity that is actually sold and used.

Revenue Passenger Mile - One revenue passenger transported one mile in revenue service. Revenue passenger miles are computed by the summation of the products of the revenue aircraft miles flown on each inter-airport hop multiplied by the number of revenue passengers carried on that hop.

Revenue Passengers per Aircraft Mile - The average number of passengers carried per aircraft in revenue services, derived by dividing the total revenue passenger miles by the total aircraft miles flown in revenue service.

Revenue Ton Mile - One ton (2,000 pounds) of revenue traffic transported one mile, computed by multiplying the revenue aircraft miles flown on each inter airport hop by the number of revenue tons carried on that hop.

Scheduled Service - Transport service operated over an air carrier’s routes, based on published flight schedules, including extra sections.

Small Certificated, Commuter, and Large Certificated Medium Regional Air Carriers - In general, air carriers that primarily operate small aircraft--aircraft of 60 seats or less or a maximum payload capacity or 18,000 pounds.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

6-2 TABLE 6.1 LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1995 AND 1996

MAJORS Alaska Northwest America West Southwest American Trans World Continental United Delta United Parcel Federal Express US Air

NATIONALS Air Transport Int'l Horizon Air Air Wisconsin Airlines Corp. Kiwi Aloha Markair American International Mesa American Trans Air Midwest Express Arrow Polar Air Cargo Atlantic Southeast Reno Atlas Rich Int'l Business Express Simmons Carnival Southern Air Continental Express Sun Country Continental Micronesia Tower DHL Airways Trans States Emery USAir Shuttle Evergreen Valujet Executive World Hawaiian

LARGE REGIONALS Air South Midway Amerijet North American AV Atlantic Northern Air Buffalo Pan Am Challenge Reeve Champion Ryan Int'l. Express One Spirit Fine Sun Jet Frontier UFS Grand American Viscount Kitty Hawk Western Pacific Miami Air Zantop

MEDIUM REGIONALS Air 21 Pacific Int'l Airtran Prestige Capitol Cargo Renown Casino Express Sierra Pacific Custom Air Sun Pacific Eastwind Sun Pacific Falcon Sun World Forida West Tatonduk Grand Airways Trans Continental Laker Airways Trans-Air-Link Millon Transmeridian Nations Air Tristar Omni USA Jet Pace Vanguard

6-3 TABLE 6.2 TRAFFIC DATA, ALL SERVICES (SCHEDULED AND NONSCHEDULED) OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1/ 1995 AND 1996

Total System Domestic Operations International Operations Traffic Category 1995 1996 2/ 1995 1996 2/ 1995 1996 2/

Revenue Passenger Miles (000) 558,513,017 596,264,318 403,686,825 434,751,859 154,826,192 161,512,459 Available Seat Miles (000) 831,656,752 859,834,073 616,149,667 639,137,920 215,507,085 220,696,783 Revenue Passenger Enplanements (000) 559,284 595,945 506,418 541,410 52,866 54,535 Revenue Ton Miles (000) 79,175,710 84,428,873 52,885,408 56,357,559 26,290,301 28,071,315 Passenger 55,859,542 59,622,055 40,379,127 43,475,923 15,480,415 16,146,132 Freight 20,705,456 22,071,862 10,431,868 10,717,252 10,273,588 11,354,610 Mail 2,610,712 2,734,956 2,074,413 2,164,384 536,298 570,572 Revenue Aircraft Miles (000) 5,622,800 5,854,131 4,625,726 4,812,631 997,073 1,041,501

1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary Source:Bureau of Transportation Statistics Form 41

6-4 TABLE 6.3 REVENUE AIRCRAFT DEPARTURES, MILES AND HOURS FLOWN, AND AVERAGE SPEED IN DOMESTIC ALL SERVICES OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996

Revenue Revenue Revenue Average Year Aircraft Aircraft Miles Aircraft Hours Airborne Speed Departures Flown (000) Flown (Miles Per Hour) 1987 6,539,192 3,661,022 8,896,962 411 1988 6,606,495 3,737,881 9,179,135 407 1989 6,527,739 3,748,244 9,222,411 406 1990 6,750,505 3,962,025 9,713,584 408 1991 6,620,790 3,854,651 9,490,443 406 1992 6,880,488 3,995,152 9,824,731 407 1993 7,083,507 4,155,219 10,256,335 405 1994 7,397,450 4,375,996 10,711,781 409 1995 7,914,047 4,625,726 11,368,995 407 1996 1/ 8,088,050 4,811,480 11,886,737 405 1/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-5 TABLE 6.4 REVENUE AIRCRAFT DEPARTURES, MILES AND HOURS FLOWN, AND AVERAGE SPEED IN INTERNATIONAL ALL SERVICES OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996

Revenue Revenue Revenue Average Year Aircraft Aircraft Miles Aircraft Hours Airborne Speed Departures Flown (000) Flown (Miles Per Hour) 1987 308,484 526,775 1,075,187 490 1988 353,892 614,244 1,258,489 488 1989 392,028 693,706 1,446,188 480 1990 419,472 760,245 1,556,575 488 1991 418,146 806,374 1,644,475 490 1992 439,046 903,812 1,825,202 495 1993 460,518 959,786 1,933,046 497 1994 481,781 977,128 1,973,473 495 1995 504,572 997,073 2,019,103 494 1996 1/ 525,268 1,040,828 2,108,695 494 1/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-6 TABLE 6.5 TOTAL TON-MILES AVAILABLE IN ALL SERVICES OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Ton-Miles)

Large Certificated Air Carriers Year Domestic International Total System 1/ Operations Operations 1987 99,191,673 75,857,417 23,334,255 1988 105,331,785 78,257,603 27,074,182 1989 109,404,172 78,965,087 30,439,086 1990 117,068,253 83,319,946 33,748,307 1991 116,355,573 80,871,450 35,484,124 1992 122,246,365 84,042,478 38,203,890 1993 126,271,297 86,356,018 39,915,279 1994 133,496,195 91,504,417 41,991,778 1995 139,990,793 95,449,079 44,541,714 1996 2/ 146,271,577 99,281,300 46,990,277 1/ Categories may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source:Bureau of Transportation Statistics Form 41

TABLE 6.6 REVENUE TON-MILES FLOWN IN ALL SERVICES BY LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Tons-Miles)

Large Certificated Air Carriers Year Domestic International Total System 1/ Operations Operations 1987 54,900,114 40,558,723 14,341,391 1988 58,357,565 41,581,835 16,775,730 1989 61,094,736 42,477,877 18,616,859 1990 63,606,425 43,633,078 19,973,347 1991 62,472,813 42,665,033 19,807,780 1992 66,677,375 45,301,823 21,375,552 1993 69,567,066 46,799,294 22,767,772 1994 75,326,809 50,554,213 24,772,595 1995 79,175,710 52,885,408 26,290,301 1996 2/ 84,426,045 56,354,730 28,071,315 1/ Categories may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source:Bureau of Transportation Statistics Form 41

6-7 TABLE 6.7 PASSENGER OPERATIONS IN SCHEDULED DOMESTIC OPERATIONS OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996

Average Average On-Flight Passenger Revenue Revenue Revenue Passenger Revenue Per Year Passenger Passenger Available Passenger Trip Passenger Enplanements Miles Seat-Miles Load Length Miles (000) (000) (000) Factor 1/ (Miles) (Cents) 1987 417,264 324,730,676 527,149,883 61.6 778 11.20 1988 419,211 329,310,235 536,664,055 61.4 786 12.23 1989 416,330 329,975,205 530,079,038 62.3 793 13.07 1990 423,463 340,219,557 563,010,416 60.4 803 13.26 1991 412,361 332,565,706 543,637,346 61.2 806 13.31 1992 431,691 347,931,372 557,988,710 62.4 806 12.92 1993 443,171 354,176,730 571,489,249 62.0 799 13.67 1994 481,679 378,947,012 585,367,790 64.7 787 13.37 1995 498,902 394,665,479 603,830,165 65.4 791 13.31 1996 2/ 530,649 425,667,696 626,483,974 67.9 802 13.86 1/ Percent revenue passenger-miles of available seat-miles 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

TABLE 6.8 PASSENGER OPERATIONS IN SCHEDULED INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS OF THE LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996

Average Average On-Flight Passenger Revenue Revenue Revenue Passenger Revenue Per Year Passenger Passenger Available Passenger Trip Passenger Enplanements Miles Seat-Miles Load Length Miles (000) (000) (000) Factor 1/ (Miles) (Cents) 1987 30,869 79,894,863 121,833,708 65.6 2,588 9.77 1988 35,404 93,992,070 140,139,737 67.1 2,655 10.35 1989 37,363 102,739,102 154,296,835 66.6 2,750 10.36 1990 41,992 117,695,394 170,309,955 69.1 2,803 10.68 1991 39,933 115,356,062 171,489,817 67.3 2,889 11.43 1992 43,404 130,578,241 194,712,031 67.1 3,008 11.55 1993 45,349 135,507,691 200,151,399 67.7 2,988 11.45 1994 47,024 140,080,277 198,291,725 70.6 2,979 11.14 1995 48,767 145,903,369 203,058,508 71.9 2,992 11.17 1996 2/ 50,562 153,066,827 208,681,975 73.3 3,027 10.95 1/ Percent revenue passenger-miles of available seat-miles. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-8 TABLE 6.9 REVENUE AIRCRAFT-MILES FLOWN IN ALL SERVICES OF LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Miles)

Domestic International Year Total 1/ Operations Operations 1987 4,187,797 3,661,022 526,775 1988 4,352,125 3,737,881 614,244 1989 4,441,950 3,748,244 693,706 1990 4,722,270 3,962,025 760,245 1991 4,661,025 3,854,651 806,374 1992 4,898,964 3,995,152 903,812 1993 5,115,005 4,155,219 959,786 1994 5,353,124 4,375,996 977,128 1995 5,622,800 4,625,726 997,073 1996 2/ 5,852,308 4,811,480 1,040,828

1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-9 TABLE 6.10 OPERATING REVENUE OF DOMESTIC OPERATIONS, ALL SERVICES LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Dollars)

Total Operating Year Revenues 1/ Passenger U.S. Mail Freight and Express Excess Baggage Other Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1987 45,862,081 100.0 37,496,967 81.8 743,904 1.6 5,104,155 11.1 66,762 0.1 2,450,293 5.3 1988 50,277,139 100.0 41,004,921 81.6 788,556 1.6 5,893,668 11.7 71,781 0.1 2,518,213 5.0 1989 54,314,205 100.0 43,670,025 80.4 767,171 1.4 5,408,336 10.0 69,761 0.1 4,398,912 8.1 1990 57,991,309 100.0 46,282,407 79.8 746,664 1.3 4,275,638 7.4 76,129 0.1 6,610,471 11.4 1991 56,225,634 100.0 44,593,991 79.3 734,376 1.3 4,486,691 8.0 78,083 0.1 6,332,493 11.3 1992 58,108,399 100.0 45,412,286 78.2 938,426 1.6 4,864,879 8.4 87,489 0.2 6,805,319 11.7 1993 63,412,931 100.0 49,467,724 78.0 974,928 1.5 5,264,345 8.3 91,500 0.1 7,614,434 12.0 1994 66,000,819 100.0 50,508,131 76.5 980,690 1.5 5,820,813 8.8 109,773 0.2 8,581,412 13.0 1995 70,906,342 100.0 53,976,893 76.1 1,049,641 1.5 6,560,811 9.3 92,456 0.1 9,226,541 13.0 1996 2/ 76,873,078 100.0 59,354,860 77.2 1,023,537 1.3 7,046,026 9.2 95,482 0.1 9,353,173 12.2 1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-10 TABLE 6.11 OPERATING EXPENSES OF DOMESTIC OPERATIONS, ALL SERVICES LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Dollars)

Aircraft Operating Expenses Total Operating Depreciation and Ground and Income Year Expenses 1/ Flight Operations Maintenance Amortization Indirect Expense or Loss Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount 1987 44,114,255 100.0 12,590,746 28.5 5,001,125 11.3 2,867,282 6.5 23,655,102 53.6 1,747,826 1988 47,832,235 100.0 13,204,488 27.6 5,674,518 11.9 2,982,593 6.2 25,970,636 54.3 2,444,904 1989 52,461,676 100.0 14,749,222 28.1 6,185,382 11.8 3,077,602 5.9 28,449,470 54.2 1,852,529 1990 58,978,766 100.0 18,165,885 30.8 6,921,673 11.7 3,272,527 5.5 30,618,681 51.9 (987,457) 1991 56,768,806 100.0 16,830,196 29.6 6,682,220 11.8 3,216,690 5.7 30,039,700 52.9 (543,171) 1992 59,297,826 100.0 17,313,192 29.2 6,927,888 11.7 3,354,263 5.7 31,702,483 53.5 ######## 1993 61,346,629 100.0 17,707,155 28.9 7,057,907 11.5 3,625,310 5.9 32,956,257 53.7 2,066,303 1994 63,812,193 100.0 17,901,054 28.1 7,306,443 11.4 3,782,009 5.9 34,822,687 54.6 2,188,626 1995 66,143,002 100.0 18,933,618 28.6 7,656,018 11.6 3,762,300 5.7 35,791,066 54.1 4,763,340 1996 2/ 71,541,699 100.0 21,489,258 30.0 8,293,455 11.6 3,880,117 5.4 37,878,869 52.9 5,331,379 1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-11 TABLE 6.12 OPERATING REVENUE OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS, ALL SERVICES LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Dollars)

Total Operating Year Revenues 1/ Passenger U.S. Mail Freight and Express Excess Baggage Other Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent 1987 10,957,073 100.0 8,380,599 76.5 180,052 1.6 1,807,156 16.5 32,688 0.3 556,578 5.1 1988 13,401,710 100.0 10,356,637 77.3 183,251 1.4 2,150,133 16.0 39,285 0.3 672,404 5.0 1989 14,974,561 100.0 11,191,263 74.7 188,284 1.3 2,469,810 16.5 46,759 0.3 1,078,445 7.2 1990 18,025,707 100.0 13,467,960 74.7 223,811 1.2 2,636,980 14.6 43,244 0.2 1,653,712 9.2 1991 18,928,061 100.0 14,102,721 74.5 222,701 1.2 3,134,202 16.6 49,584 0.3 1,418,853 7.5 1992 20,739,357 100.0 15,664,277 75.5 247,519 1.2 3,017,323 14.5 46,702 0.2 1,763,536 8.5 1993 21,278,516 100.0 15,870,059 74.6 236,985 1.1 3,218,467 15.1 49,362 0.2 1,903,643 8.9 1994 22,345,236 100.0 16,299,819 72.9 212,073 0.9 3,564,693 16.0 45,797 0.2 2,222,854 9.9 1995 23,410,673 100.0 16,787,868 71.7 261,536 1.1 3,926,514 16.8 47,819 0.2 2,386,936 10.2 1996 2/ 24,821,736 100.0 17,337,460 69.8 314,662 1.3 4,451,832 17.9 47,234 0.2 2,670,548 10.8 1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-12 TABLE 6.13 OPERATING EXPENSES OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS, ALL SERVICES LARGE CERTIFICATED AIR CARRIERS 1987 - 1996 (Thousands of Dollars)

Aircraft Operating Expenses Total Operating Depreciation and Ground and Income Year Expenses 1/ Flight Operations Maintenance Amortization Indirect Expense or Loss Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount 1987 10,263,327 100.0 2,849,015 27.8 1,111,029 10.8 536,000 5.2 5,767,283 56.2 693,747 1988 12,403,323 100.0 3,230,335 26.0 1,331,687 10.7 617,734 5.0 7,223,567 58.2 998,388 1989 15,009,932 100.0 3,943,846 26.3 1,739,038 11.6 754,200 5.0 8,572,848 57.1 (35,371) 1990 18,948,891 100.0 5,466,796 28.9 2,061,703 10.9 891,696 4.7 10,528,696 55.6 (923,182) 1991 20,167,720 100.0 5,636,310 27.9 2,152,099 10.7 892,025 4.4 11,487,286 57.0 (1,239,659) 1992 21,975,010 100.0 5,855,738 26.6 2,148,776 9.8 1,034,772 4.7 12,935,724 58.9 (1,235,653) 1993 21,912,864 100.0 5,907,618 27.0 1,957,154 8.9 1,074,758 4.9 12,973,334 59.2 (634,348) 1994 21,823,804 100.0 5,833,368 26.7 2,059,431 9.4 1,236,964 5.7 12,694,041 58.2 521,433 1995 22,311,610 100.0 6,173,499 27.7 2,273,101 10.2 1,106,220 5.0 12,758,790 57.2 1,099,062 1996 2/ 23,959,098 100.0 7,190,572 30.0 2,552,572 10.7 1,469,953 6.1 12,746,001 53.2 862,638 1/ Details may not add to total due to rounding. 2/ Preliminary. Source: Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Form 41.

6-13 TABLE 6.14

REGIONAL/COMMUTER AIR CARRIERS

TRAFFIC DATA

SCHEDULED SERVICES ONLY

1987-1996

Category 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Revenue Enplanements (000) 34,371 33,414 39,559 37,773 36,223 32,713 33,491 29,612 27,801 24,839 Revenue Passenger Miles (000) 7,742,274 7,184,031 8,160,565 7,441,629 7,003,829 6,022,536 5,875,960 5,052,222 4,582,522 3,986,637 Available Seat Miles (000) 14,916,980 14,743,374 16,515,257 15,524,415 14,529,204 12,962,756 12,777,272 10,676,485 9,874,306 8,625,464 Load Factor 51.90 48.73 49.41 47.94 48.21 46.46 45.99 47.32 46.41 46.22 Aircraft Revenue Miles (000) 535,974 568,191 640,612 615,989 580,356 522,536 612,018 546,652 437,818 395,998 Aircraft Revenue Hours 2,420,400 2,648,311 3,032,702 2,969,168 2,909,332 2,704,553 3,016,836 2,589,223 2,389,988 2,193,230 Aircraft Departures 2,888,262 3,193,986 3,673,532 3,606,796 3,666,491 3,495,284 3,624,162 3,284,610 3,323,772 3,132,899 Passengers Per Aircraft Mile 14.4 12.6 12.7 12.1 12.1 11.5 9.6 9.2 10.5 10.1 Available Seats Per Aircraft Mile 27.8 25.9 25.8 25.2 25.0 24.8 20.9 19.5 22.6 21.8 Flight Stage Length (Miles) 185.6 177.9 174.4 170.8 158.3 149.5 168.9 166.4 131.7 126.4

Source: Bureau of Transportation Statistics, 298C

6- 14 VII. US CIVIL AIRMEN

Statistics pertaining to airmen, both pilots and nonpilots, were obtained from the official certification records maintained by the Airmen Certification and Medical Certification Branches of the Mike Monroney Aeronautical Center at Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.

Active pilots are those pilots who hold a pilot certificate and a valid medical certificate--one that was issued within the last 25 months. Glider pilots may have, but are not required to have, a medical examination. The inventory data for this category includes only those with a valid medical certificate.

For those nonpilot certificates for which a medical certificate is not required (mechanics, parachute riggers, ground instructors, and dispatchers), the numbers shown include all who have been issued that airmen certificate. Beginning in 1996, only those under 70 years of age are shown.

More detailed information may be found inU S Civil Airmen Statistics.

DEFINITIONS

Active Pilot-- A pilot who holds a pilot certificate and a valid medical certificate--one that was issued within the last 25 months.

Air Carrier -- An aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation.

Airman -- A pilot, mechanic, or other licensed aviation technician. The term refers to men and women.

Airman Certificate -- A document issued by the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration certifying that the holder complies with the regulations governing the capacity in which the certificate authorizes the holder to act as an airman in connection with aircraft.

Pilot Categories --

Student Pilot -- A student pilot must be 16 years old, medically certificated by an FAA medical examiner and may only fly solo or with an instructor. Each solo flight must be approved as to destination and duration. A student pilot may not operate an aircraft that is carrying passengers or that is carrying property for compensation or hire.

Recreational Pilot -- A recreational pilot may fly no more than one passenger in a light, single engine aircraft with no more than four seats, during good weather and daylight hours, and unless otherwise authorized, no more than 50 miles from the home airport. A recreational pilot may not operate an aircraft that is carrying passengers or that is carrying property for compensation or hire.

Private Pilot -- A private pilot may, with appropriate training, ratings and endorsements, carry passengers in any aircraft, day or night, good weather or bad. The private pilot may not act as pilot-in- command of an aircraft that is carrying passengers for compensation or hire nor act a as pilot-in- command of an aircraft that is being operated for compensation or hire (e.g.: one that has been hired to do pipeline patrol but carries no passengers).

Commercial Pilot -- A commercial pilot may act as pilot-in-command of an aircraft that is carrying passengers for compensation or hire, but not an aircraft in air carrier service, or act a as pilot-in- command of an aircraft that is being operated for compensation or hire (e.g.: one that has been hired to do pipeline patrol but carries no passengers).

Airline Transport Pilot -- An airline transport pilot may act as pilot-in- command of an aircraft in air carrier service

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

7-1 TABLE 7-1 ESTIMATED ACTIVE AIRMEN CERTIFICATES HELD DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

CATEGORY 1996 1995 10/ 1994 11/ 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987

Pilot--Total 622,261 639,184 654,088 665,069 682,959 692,095 702,659 700,010 694,016 699,653 Student 94,947 101,279 96,254 103,583 114,597 120,203 128,663 142,544 136,913 146,016 Recreational 265 232 241 206 187 161 87 N/A N/A N/A Airplane 1/ Private 254,002 261,399 284,236 283,700 288,078 293,306 299,111 293,179 299,786 300,949 Commercial 129,187 133,980 138,728 143,014 146,385 148,365 149,666 144,540 143,030 143,645 Airline Transport 127,486 123,877 117,434 117,070 115,855 112,167 107,732 102,087 96,968 91,287 Rotorcraft (only) 2/ 6,961 7,183 8,719 9,168 9,652 9,860 9,567 8,863 8,608 8,702 Glider (only ) 3,4/ 9,413 11,234 8,476 8,328 8,205 8,033 7,833 7,708 7,600 7,901 Lighter-than-air 4,5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 1,089 1,111 1,153 Flight Instructor Certificates 6/ 78,551 77,613 76,171 75,021 72,148 69,209 63,775 61,472 61,798 60,316 Instrument Ratings 6,7/ 297,895 298,798 302,300 305,517 306,169 303,193 297,073 282,804 273,804 266,122

Nonpilot--Total 8/ 534,427 651,341 571,358 559,726 540,548 517,462 492,237 468,405 448,710 427,962 Mechanic 9/ 329,239 405,294 411,071 401,060 384,669 366,392 344,282 326,243 312,419 297,178 Repairmen 9/ 50,768 61,233 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Parachute Rigger 9/ 10,269 11,824 8,631 8,417 8,163 7,916 10,094 9,879 9,770 9,659 Ground Instructor 9/ 68,573 96,165 77,789 76,050 73,276 70,086 66,882 64,503 62,582 60,861 Dispatcher 9/ 13,272 15,642 13,410 12,883 12,264 11,607 11,002 10,455 10,020 9,491 Flight Navigator 847 916 990 1,039 1,154 1,225 1,290 1,357 1,400 1,445 Flight Engineer 61,459 60,267 59,467 60,277 61,022 60,236 58,687 55,968 52,519 49,328 Note: The term airmen includes men and women certified as pilots, mechanics or other aviation technicians. 1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate. Prior to 1995, these pilots were categorized as private, commercial, or airline transport, based on their airplane certificate. In 1995 and after, they are categorized based on their highest certificate. For example, if a pilots holds a private airplane certificate and a commercial helicopter certificate, prior 1995, the pilot would be categorized as private; 1995 and after as commercial. 2/ See table 7 for the total number of pilots with a helicopter certificate. 3/ See table 8 for the total number of pilots with a glider certificate. 4/ Glider and lighter-than-air pilots are not required to have a medical examination; however, the totals above represent pilots who received a medical examination within the last 25 months. 5/ Lighter-than-air type ratings are no longer being issued. 6/ Not included in total. 7/ Special ratings shown on pilot certificates, do not indicate additional certificates. 8/ Data for 1996 are not comparable to earlier years. 9/ Numbers represent all certificates on record. No medical examination required. Data for 1996 are limited to certificates held by those under 70 years of age. 10/ Beginning in 1995, includes nonpilots who were excluded in prior years because of incomplete addresses and/or a request to be excluded from any mailing list. 11/ 1994 counts based on medical certificates issued 27 or less months ago. All other years based on medical certificates issued 25 or less months ago.

N/A Not available. Prior to 1995 repairmen were included in the mechanic category. Recreational certificate first issued in 1990.

7-2 TABLE 7-2 ESTIMATED ACTIVE WOMEN AIRMEN CERTIFICATES HELD DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

CATEGORY 1996 1995 7/ 1994 8/ 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987

Pilot--Total 36,433 38,032 39,157 39,460 40,620 40,931 40,515 42,366 42,299 42,578 Student 11,632 12,710 12,061 12,788 13,921 14,501 15,007 17,637 17,529 18,367 Recreational 20 16 21 17 10 15 6 N/A N/A N/A Airplane 1/ Private 14,868 15,398 17,196 16,997 17,276 17,514 17,301 16,988 17,544 17,349 Commercial 5,495 5,694 6,000 5,981 5,918 5,652 5,210 4,760 4,410 4,208 Airline Transport 3,346 3,134 2,924 2,738 2,530 2,308 2,082 1,898 1,745 1,538 Rotorcraft (only) N/A N/A 277 276 313 307 292 273 259 247 Glider (only) 2/ N/A N/A 678 663 652 634 617 586 590 627 Rotorcraft (only) & Glider (only) 1,072 1,080 955 939 965 941 909 859 849 874 Lighter-than-air 2,3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 3/ 224 222 242 Flight Instructor Certificates 4/ 4,667 4,556 4,481 4,338 3,964 3,629 3,239 3,074 3,018 2,909

Nonpilot--Total 5/ 13,909 15,120 13,026 12,363 11,514 10,324 9,557 10,683 7,842 7,101 Mechanic 6/ 4,019 3,914 5,175 4,839 4,398 3,901 3,333 2,892 2,565 2,237 Repairmen 6/ 1,752 1,710 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Parachute Rigger 6/ 441 672 442 413 390 363 474 451 441 428 Ground Instructor 6/ 4,652 6,019 4,804 4,615 4,338 3,952 3,760 3,554 3,391 3,232 Dispatcher 6/ 1,411 1,270 1,159 1,083 1,004 852 802 711 622 524 Flight Navigator 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 Flight Engineer 1,634 1,535 1,446 1,413 1,384 1,256 1,188 3,074 822 680

1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate. Prior to 1995, these pilots were categorized as private, commercial, or airline transport, based on their airplane certificate. In 1995 and after, they are categorized based on their highest certificate. For example, if a pilot holds a a private certificate and a commercial helicopter certificate, prior 1995, the pilot would be categorized as private; 1995 and after as commercial. 2/ Glider and lighter-than-air pilots are not required to have a medical examination; however, the totals above represent pilots who received a medical examination within the last 25 months. 3/ Lighter-than-air type ratings are no longer being issued. 4/ Not included in total. 5/ Data for 1996 are not comparable to earlier years. 6/ Numbers represent all certificates on record. No medical examination required. Data for 1996 are limited to certificates held by those under 70 years of age. 7/ Beginning in 1995, includes nonpilots who were excluded in prior years because of incomplete addresses and/or a request to be excluded from any mailing list. 8/ 1994 counts based on medical certificates issued 27 or less months ago. All other years based on medical certificates issued 25 or less months ago. N/A Not available. Separate counts from rotorcraft only and glider only pilots no longer available. Number of Repair men not available prior to 1995. Recreational certificate first issued in 1990.

7-3 TABLE 7-3 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOT CERTIFICATES HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE AND BY FAA REGION December 31, 1996

Great New Northwest South- Western- Outside CLASS OF CERTIFICATE Total 1/ Alaskan Central Eastern Lakes England Mountain Southern west Pacific U.S. 2/ Total--All Pilots 622,261 8,781 30,154 76,608 102,351 27,028 63,278 114,342 71,037 101,384 27,298 Student 94,947 988 4,496 13,410 16,649 4,198 9,086 17,044 10,346 14,956 3,774 Recreational 265 2 14 60 72 23 9 50 20 13 2 Airplane 3/ Private --Total 254,002 3,834 14,661 31,854 47,771 11,917 26,426 42,138 27,198 42,630 5,573 Private Airplane (only) 248,377 3,780 14,449 31,025 46,959 11,641 25,821 41,237 26,652 41,444 5,369 Private Airplane, Private Glider 3,791 36 139 590 573 172 411 622 358 793 97 Private Airplane, Private Gyroplane 46 0 3 4 12 3 1 6 8 8 1 Private Airplane, Private Helicopter 1,712 18 69 222 214 94 188 260 177 371 99 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Private Helicopter 66 0 1 12 11 4 3 12 2 14 7 Private Airplane-other 10 0 0 1 2 3 2 1 1 0 0 Commercial--Total 129,187 2,250 6,299 14,504 19,905 4,901 12,809 24,036 15,337 20,127 9,019 Commercial Airplane (only) 107,853 1,900 5,371 11,854 17,444 4,077 10,404 19,397 12,788 16,119 8,499 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider 1,823 33 86 253 271 83 200 326 189 357 25 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 3,330 43 145 474 455 189 441 584 354 608 37 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Glider 5 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter 519 4 21 62 76 28 51 86 48 115 28 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Private Helicopter 41 0 1 5 5 3 4 5 5 12 1 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 10,215 193 446 1,166 1,020 310 1,066 2,512 1,368 1,876 258 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter 145 1 3 17 19 6 18 35 14 29 3 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter 481 6 22 66 52 28 56 88 52 109 2 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 20 0 0 1 4 1 2 5 1 5 1 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 24 2 2 0 3 0 4 8 3 2 0 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter Commercial Glider 10 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 2 3 0 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane 3,697 57 170 440 394 115 442 829 403 701 146 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Private Glider 32 1 1 4 1 1 4 5 5 8 2 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane Commercial Glider 17 0 0 0 3 2 0 5 1 4 2 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane Commercial Gyroplane 8 0 0 0 2 0 0 5 0 1 0 Commercial Glider, Private Airplane 572 2 11 109 91 43 77 61 58 116 4 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane, 245 6 14 37 43 11 23 43 29 36 3 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Helicopter 8 0 1 0 0 1 3 1 0 2 0 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Glider 24 0 2 2 4 0 5 5 2 3 1 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane

7-4 TABLE 7-3 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOT CERTIFICATES HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE AND BY FAA REGION December 31, 1996

Great New Northwest South- Western- Outside CLASS OF CERTIFICATE Total 1/ Alaskan Central Eastern Lakes England Mountain Southern west Pacific U.S. 2/ Private Gyroplane 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Commercial-other 117 1 2 13 15 2 9 34 14 20 7 Airline Transport --Total 127,486 1,623 4,341 14,208 16,371 5,174 13,236 28,886 16,716 19,588 7,343 Airline Transport Airplane (only) 123,429 1,507 4,236 13,596 16,022 4,970 12,865 28,011 15,988 19,041 7,193 Airline Transport Airplane, Airline Transport Helicopter 2,351 71 55 389 222 125 204 542 352 314 77 Airline Transport Airplane-other 1,706 45 50 223 127 79 167 333 376 233 73 Rotorcraft (only) 4/ --Total 6,961 66 174 757 502 262 561 1,297 712 1,380 1,250 Private Gyroplane 23 0 1 0 8 0 2 5 1 4 2 Private Helicopter 1,801 6 31 209 134 109 128 174 82 412 516 Commercial Helicopter 4,575 45 135 470 318 140 384 1,022 524 903 634 Commercial Helicopter, Private Glider 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Commercial Gyroplane 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Airline Transport Helicopter 543 15 6 73 38 13 47 90 104 60 97 Rotorcraft-other 11 0 0 2 3 0 0 4 0 1 1 Glider only 5,6/ --Total 9,413 18 169 1,815 1,081 553 1,151 891 708 2,690 337 Private Glider 8,247 13 149 1,564 962 472 974 782 625 2,406 300 Commercial Glider 1,166 5 20 251 119 81 177 109 83 284 37 Flight Instructor Certificates 7/ 78,551 1,027 3,836 10,396 13,387 3,407 7,969 14,455 9,499 12,703 1,872 Instrument Ratings 7,8/ 297,895 3,899 12,899 35,135 45,111 12,291 29,074 60,825 36,178 46,559 15,924

1/ Includes Outside U.S. total. 2/ Outside U.S. includes airmen certificate by the FAA who live outside the 50 states and other U.S. areas. Also includes those with unidentifiable addresses. 3/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate. Prior to 1995, these pilots were categorized as private, commercial, or airline transport, based on their airplane certificate. In 1995 and after, they are categorized based on their highest certificate. For example, if a pilot holds a a private certificate and a commercial helicopter certificate, prior 1995, the pilot would be categorized as private; 1995 and after as commercial. 4/ See table 7 for the total number of pilots with a helicopter certificate. 5/ See table 8 for the total number of pilots with a glider certificate. 6/ Glider pilots are not required to have a medical examination; however, the totals above represent pilots who received a medical examination within the last 25 months. 7/ Not included in total. 8/ Special ratings shown on pilot certificates, do not indicate additional certificates.

7-5 TABLE 7-4 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOT CERTIFICATE HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

CLASS OF CERTIFICATE 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total--All Pilots 622,261 639,184 654,088 665,069 682,959 692,095 702,659 700,010 694,016 699,653 Student --Total 94,947 101,279 96,254 103,583 114,597 120,203 128,663 142,544 136,913 146,016 Recreational 265 232 241 206 187 161 87 NA NA NA Airplane 1/ Private --Total 254,002 261,399 284,236 283,700 288,078 293,306 299,111 293,179 299,786 300,949 Private Airplane (only) 248,377 255,780 273,051 272,382 276,713 282,047 288,035 282,540 289,318 290,694 Private Airplane, Private Glider 3,791 3,755 4,039 4,014 4,030 4,113 4,144 4,049 4,059 4,105 Private Airplane, Commercial Glider ------938 920 893 878 841 807 799 795 Private Airplane, Private Gyroplane 46 43 32 25 28 20 22 31 26 29 Private Airplane, Private Helicopter 1,712 1,749 1,835 1,792 1,731 1,722 1,592 1,459 1,392 1,316 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Private Helicopter 66 63 67 67 68 71 67 58 60 55 Private Airplane, Commercial Helicopter ------4,215 4,446 4,561 4,405 4,357 4,186 4,081 3,904 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter ------35 31 37 35 36 30 32 37 Private Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter ------14 16 15 14 15 17 17 12 Private Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter ------10 7 2 1 2 2 2 2 Private Airplane-other 10 9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Commercial--Total 129,187 133,980 138,728 143,014 146,385 148,365 149,666 144,540 143,030 143,645 Commercial Airplane (only) 107,853 111,837 119,915 123,967 126,797 128,207 128,628 123,612 121,819 121,934 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider 1,823 1,898 1,968 1,976 2,055 2,072 2,081 2,057 2,063 2,070 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 3,330 3,406 3,558 3,560 3,630 3,645 3,776 3,685 3,703 3,777 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Glider 5 4 5 3 1 2 2 3 2 1 Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter 519 518 482 465 401 379 348 325 302 274 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Private Helicopter 41 40 33 29 27 26 28 27 24 18 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 10,215 10,647 12,054 12,303 12,767 13,316 14,036 14,085 14,346 14,778 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter 145 163 157 157 149 146 163 154 150 152 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter 481 487 489 487 509 518 543 535 562 587 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 20 27 27 25 18 19 20 19 22 20 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 24 27 28 30 20 25 31 27 24 24 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter Commercial Glider 10 13 12 12 11 10 10 11 13 10 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane 3,697 3,892 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Private Glider 32 35 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Commercial Glider 17 14 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 8 9 ------Commercial Glider, Private Airplane 572 581 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane 245 251 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Helicopter 8 8 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane

7-6 TABLE 7-4 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOT CERTIFICATE HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

CLASS OF CERTIFICATE 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Private Glider 24 21 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Gyroplane 1 1 ------Commercial Airplane-other 117 101 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Airline Transport --Total 127,486 123,877 117,434 117,070 115,855 112,167 107,732 102,087 96,968 91,287 Airline Transport Airplane (only) 123,429 119,817 115,200 114,863 113,692 110,131 105,830 100,317 95,282 89,694 Airline Transport Airplane, Airline Transport Helicopter 2,351 2,325 2,234 2,207 2,163 2,036 1,902 1,770 1,686 1,593 Airline Transport Airplane-other 1,706 1,735 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Rotorcraft (only) 2/--Total 6,961 7,183 8,719 9,168 9,652 9,860 9,567 8,863 8,608 8,702 Private Gyroplane 23 21 15 17 16 15 11 12 15 10 Private Helicopter 1,801 1,845 2,046 1,933 1,917 1,864 1,572 1,264 1,143 1,019 Commercial Helicopter 4,575 4,762 6,160 6,684 7,199 7,469 7,524 7,116 6,997 7,228 Commercial Helicopter, Private Glider 2 4 6 5 5 7 4 6 7 5 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider 2 3 4 6 4 2 3 2 4 5 Commercial Gyroplane 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 0 1 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 Airline Transport Helicopter 543 538 483 519 508 500 449 461 440 433 Rotorcraft-other 11 5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Glider (only) 3,4/--Total 9,413 11,234 8,476 8,328 8,205 8,033 7,833 7,708 7,600 7,901 Private Glider 8,247 9,118 7,357 7,210 7,090 6,929 6,773 6,652 6,528 6,734 Commercial Glider 1,166 2,115 1,119 1,118 1,115 1,104 1,060 1,056 1,072 1,167 Glider-other ---- 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Lighter-Than-Air 4,5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 5/ 1,089 1,111 1,153 Flight Instructor Certificates 6/ 78,551 77,613 76,171 75,021 72,148 69,209 63,775 61,472 61,798 60,316 Instrument Ratings 6,7/ 297,895 298,798 302,300 305,517 306,169 303,193 297,073 282,804 273,804 266,122

1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate. Prior to 1995, these pilots were categorized as private, commercial, or airline transport, based on their airplane certificate. In 1995 and after, they are categorized based on their highest certificate. For example, if a pilot holds a a private certificate and a commercial helicopter certificate, prior 1995, the pilot would be categorized as private; 1995 and after as commercial. 2/ See table 7 for the total number of pilots with a helicopter certificate. 3/ See table 8 for the total number of pilots with a glider certificate. 4/ Glider and lighter-than-air pilots are not required to have a medical examination; however, the totals above represent pilots who received a medical examination within the last 25 months. 5/ Lighter-than-air type ratings are no longer being issued. 6/ Not included in total. 7/ Special ratings shown on pilot certificates, do not indicate additional certificates. N/A Not available. Recreational certificate first issued in 1990.

7-7 TABLE 7-5 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOTS AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996

Airplane 1/ Total Students Airline Misc. 2/ Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Pilots Private Commercial Transport Instructor 3/ Total 4/ 622,261 94,947 254,002 129,187 127,486 16,639 78,251 United States--Total 592,874 90,610 247,859 119,755 119,624 15,026 76,126 Alaskan Region--Total 8,781 988 3,834 2,250 1,623 86 1,027 Central Region--Total 30,154 4,496 14,661 6,299 4,341 357 3,836 Iowa 6,217 914 3,353 1,273 624 53 767 Kansas 8,508 1,324 4,116 1,821 1,138 109 1,083 Missouri 11,233 1,635 5,097 2,216 2,121 164 1,531 Nebraska 4,196 623 2,095 989 458 31 455 Eastern Region--Total 76,606 13,410 31,852 14,504 14,208 2,632 10,396 Delaware 1,453 246 591 259 322 35 220 District of Columbia 476 99 202 97 42 36 53 Maryland 8,556 1,425 3,639 1,667 1,536 289 1,185 New Jersey 11,893 2,064 5,087 2,062 2,253 427 1,536 New York 19,035 3,814 8,282 3,522 2,515 902 2,478 Pennsylvania 18,425 3,039 7,807 3,377 3,679 523 2,638 Virginia 14,037 2,195 5,072 2,908 3,511 351 1,959 West Virginia 2,198 407 1,033 459 258 41 263 Armed Forces 5/ 533 121 139 153 92 28 64 Great Lakes Region--Total 102,351 16,649 47,771 19,905 16,371 1,655 13,387 Illinois 22,177 3,630 9,658 4,208 4,283 398 3,101 Indiana 11,719 2,023 5,713 2,214 1,602 167 1,434 Michigan 18,219 3,239 8,880 3,291 2,438 371 2,284 Minnesota 15,018 2,112 6,671 3,143 2,930 162 2,027 North Dakota 2,682 373 1,186 907 203 13 313 Ohio 18,991 3,048 8,866 3,598 3,055 424 2,572 South Dakota 2,258 362 1,053 537 292 14 253 Wisconsin 11,287 1,862 5,744 2,007 1,568 106 1,403 New England Region--Total 27,028 4,198 11,917 4,901 5,174 838 3,407 Connecticut 6,727 957 2,801 1,112 1,635 222 866 Maine 3,239 551 1,515 675 464 34 371 Massachusetts 10,040 1,708 4,766 1,802 1,372 392 1,227 New Hampshire 4,149 517 1,539 746 1,246 101 596 Rhode Island 1,317 229 601 255 203 29 151 Vermont 1,556 236 695 311 254 60 196 Northwest Mountain Region--Total 63,278 9,086 26,426 12,809 13,236 1,721 7,969 Colorado 16,633 2,152 6,035 3,369 4,397 680 2,455 Idaho 4,461 644 2,134 983 629 71 507 Montana 3,622 494 1,734 922 422 50 429 Oregon 10,006 1,637 5,016 2,026 1,101 226 1,144 Utah 5,845 1,005 2,327 1,078 1,321 114 667 Washington 20,873 2,900 8,265 4,055 5,098 555 2,553 Wyoming 1,838 254 915 376 268 25 214

7-8 TABLE 7-5 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOTS AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996

Airplane 1/ Total Students Airline Misc. 2/ Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Pilots Private Commercial Transport Instructor 3/ Southern Region--Total 112,477 16,504 41,598 23,680 28,514 2,181 13,936 Alabama 7,639 1,268 3,108 1,893 996 374 972 Florida 45,218 6,279 16,017 10,190 11,974 758 6,205 Georgia 17,240 2,377 5,769 3,208 5,587 299 1,890 Kentucky 6,389 1,028 2,432 1,061 1,778 90 840 Mississippi 4,075 691 1,535 1,162 611 76 478 North Carolina 13,919 2,152 5,725 2,621 3,172 249 1,613 South Carolina 6,131 998 2,614 1,373 1,036 110 405 Tennessee 11,789 1,704 4,373 2,146 3,345 221 1,522 Armed Forces 5/ 77 7 25 26 15 4 11 Southwest Region--Total 71,037 10,346 27,198 15,337 16,716 1,440 9,499 Arkansas 5,293 891 2,269 1,386 695 52 651 Louisiana 6,086 891 2,266 1,604 1,103 222 790 New Mexico 4,444 667 1,884 1,018 749 126 605 Oklahoma 8,981 1,574 4,025 2,063 1,234 85 1,280 Texas 46,233 6,323 16,754 9,266 12,935 955 6,173 Western-Pacific Region--Total 101,119 14,932 42,600 20,070 19,439 4,078 12,669 Arizona 16,298 2,691 5,970 3,351 3,759 527 2,374 California 75,801 11,098 33,779 14,935 12,845 3,144 9,031 Hawaii 2,561 311 566 567 907 210 378 Nevada 5,892 640 2,151 1,059 1,870 172 837 Armed Forces 5/ 567 192 134 158 58 25 49 Unknown 43 1 2 0 2 38 0 Outside U. S. --Total 6/ 29,387 4,337 6,143 9,432 7,862 1,613 2,125 Other U. S. Areas: 2,130 564 570 413 521 62 253 American Samoa 12 0 1 5 5 1 3 Guam 216 22 23 36 131 4 22 Puerto Rico 1,624 498 450 306 317 53 192 Virgin Islands 241 42 90 50 55 4 27 U.S. Territories 37 2 6 16 13 0 9

1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate 2/ Includes helicopter, glider, and recreational. 3/ Not included in total. 4/ Includes Outside U.S. 5/ Military personnel holding civilian certificate stationed in foreign country. 6/ Outside U.S. includes Other U.S. Areas outside of the 50 states and foreign countries.

7-9 TABLE 7-6 ESTIMATED ACTIVE WOMEN PILOTS AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996

Airplane Total Students Airline Misc. Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Pilots Private Commercial Transport Instructor Total 4/ 36,433 11,632 14,868 5,495 3,346 1,092 4,667 United States--Total 35,224 11,251 14,488 5,204 3,267 1,014 4,577 Alaskan Region--Total 643 182 300 103 50 8 72 Central Region--Total 1,556 516 693 235 92 20 175 Iowa 287 103 128 41 14 1 27 Kansas 469 165 200 71 25 8 55 Missouri 625 192 283 93 47 10 71 Nebraska 175 56 82 30 6 1 22 Eastern Region--Total 4,631 1,611 1,803 628 395 194 564 Delaware 77 18 35 12 9 3 13 District of Columbia 49 17 19 6 5 2 4 Maryland 582 181 249 83 45 24 69 New Jersey 728 253 282 95 62 36 89 New York 1,134 408 435 139 74 78 110 Pennsylvania 1,087 366 441 158 93 29 150 Virginia 840 302 299 117 101 21 117 West Virginia 104 52 35 13 3 1 8 Armed Forces 5/ 30 14 8 5 3 0 4 Great Lakes Region--Total 6,275 2,130 2,546 995 487 117 888 Illinois 1,456 468 548 266 152 22 257 Indiana 662 240 258 112 44 8 78 Michigan 1,152 418 469 157 70 38 142 Minnesota 893 255 367 175 84 12 155 North Dakota 134 41 56 31 5 1 22 Ohio 1,169 395 492 158 94 30 160 South Dakota 100 47 37 9 7 0 7 Wisconsin 709 266 319 87 31 6 67 New England Region--Total 1,776 555 755 249 157 60 226 Connecticut 407 113 168 57 56 13 62 Maine 181 68 78 24 9 2 14 Massachusetts 711 238 304 90 50 29 86 New Hampshire 246 67 94 52 26 7 44 Rhode Island 101 36 48 9 5 3 7 Vermont 130 33 63 17 11 6 13 Northwest Mountain Region--Total 4,232 1,257 1,772 649 433 121 547 Colorado 1,167 305 416 214 187 45 188 Idaho 267 89 123 35 15 5 31 Montana 192 61 99 25 6 1 21 Oregon 730 232 345 98 37 18 75 Utah 269 95 106 39 22 7 32 Washington 1,495 438 630 225 157 45 187 Wyoming 112 37 53 13 9 0 13

7-10 TABLE 7-6 ESTIMATED ACTIVE WOMEN PILOTS AND FLIGHT INSTRUCTORS BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996

Airplane Total Students Airline Misc. Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Pilots Private Commercial Transport Instructor Southern Region--Total 5,646 1,882 2,161 843 659 101 746 Alabama 337 152 136 27 13 9 19 Florida 2,575 786 1,034 426 289 40 358 Georgia 698 247 238 104 94 15 92 Kentucky 316 119 102 42 49 4 45 Mississippi 180 62 65 33 18 2 30 North Carolina 673 216 263 91 87 16 95 South Carolina 273 99 109 40 17 8 31 Tennessee 592 199 214 80 92 7 76 Armed Forces 5/ 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 Southwest Region--Total 3,623 1,203 1,486 518 338 78 461 Arkansas 212 82 87 27 13 3 29 Louisiana 218 82 75 37 18 6 30 New Mexico 320 114 119 46 28 13 44 Oklahoma 504 184 211 77 31 1 70 Texas 2,369 741 994 331 248 55 288 Western-Pacific Region--Total 6,836 1,915 2,972 984 656 309 898 Arizona 1,076 303 445 185 106 37 147 California 5,190 1,462 2,320 702 463 243 654 Hawaii 171 45 28 44 37 17 38 Nevada 365 84 172 49 50 10 54 Armed Forces 5/ 34 21 7 4 0 2 5 Unknown 6 0 0 0 0 6 0 Outside U. S. --Total 6/ 1,209 381 380 291 79 78 90 Other U. S. Areas: 90 53 11 12 9 5 6 American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guam 8 2 1 1 4 0 0 Puerto Rico 63 44 5 7 3 4 6 Virgin Islands 18 6 5 4 2 1 0 U. S. Territories 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate 2/ Includes helicopter, glider, and recreational. 3/ Not included in total. 4/ Includes Outside U.S. 5/ Military personnel holding civilian certificate stationed in foreign country. 6/ Outside U.S. includes Other U.S. Areas outside of the 50 states and foreign countries.

7-11 TABLE 7-7 ESTIMATED ACTIVE HELICOPTER PILOTS BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996 1/

CLASS OF CERTIFICATE 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 TOTAL 26,350 27,199 30,448 31,270 32,158 32,605 32,741 31,602 31,349 31,513 Private--Total 4,217 4,244 4,510 4,328 4,188 4,097 3,640 3,176 2,962 2,721 Private Helicopter 1,802 1,845 2,046 1,933 1,917 1,864 1,572 1,264 1,143 1,019 Private Helicopter, Private Airplane 1,720 1,757 1,835 1,792 1,731 1,722 1,592 1,459 1,392 1,316 Private Helicopter, Private Airplane, Private Glider 66 63 67 67 68 71 67 58 60 55 Private Helicopter, Commercial Airplane 519 518 482 465 401 379 348 325 302 274 Private Helicopter, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 41 40 33 29 27 26 28 27 24 18 Private Gyroplane 23 21 15 17 16 15 11 12 15 10 Private Gyroplane, Private Airplane 46 . 32 25 28 20 22 31 26 29 Commercial--Total 19,239 20,092 23,221 24,216 25,299 25,972 26,750 26,195 26,261 26,766 Commercial Helicopter 4,577 4,762 6,160 6,684 7,199 7,469 7,524 7,116 6,997 7,228 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane 3,697 3,892 4,215 4,446 4,561 4,405 4,357 4,186 4,081 3,904 Commercial Helicopter, Private Glider 2 4 6 5 5 7 4 6 7 5 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider 2 3 4 6 4 2 3 2 4 5 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 8 9 10 7 2 1 2 2 2 2 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Private Glider 32 35 35 31 37 35 36 30 32 37 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Commercial Glider 17 14 14 16 15 14 15 17 17 12 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Airplane 10,215 10,647 12,054 12,303 12,767 13,316 14,036 14,085 14,346 14,778 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Airplane, Private Glider 145 163 157 157 149 146 163 154 150 152 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 481 487 489 487 509 518 543 535 562 587 Commercial Gyroplane 2 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 0 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 20 27 27 25 18 19 20 19 22 20 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Glider 10 13 12 12 11 10 10 11 13 10 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Airplane 24 27 28 30 20 25 31 27 24 24 Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 5 4 5 3 1 2 2 3 2 1 Airline Transport--Total 2,894 2,863 2,717 2,726 2,671 2,536 2,351 2,231 2,126 2,026 Airline Transport Helicopter 543 538 483 519 508 500 449 461 440 433 Airline Transport Helicopter, Airline Transport Airplane 2,351 2,325 2,234 2,207 2,163 2,036 1,902 1,770 1,686 1,593 1/ In addition to pilots certified only for rotorcraft shown in table 1, this table includes pilots certified in multiple categories, including helicopters or other rotorcraft.

7-12 TABLE 7-8 ESTIMATED ACTIVE GLIDER PILOTS BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996 1/

CLASS OF CERTIFICATE 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total 19,755 21,721 19,801 19,611 19,639 19,570 19,546 19,149 19,095 19,530 Private--Total 14,130 15,057 13,629 13,460 13,434 13,370 13,268 13,006 12,899 13,158 Private Glider 8,247 9,118 7,357 7,210 7,090 6,929 6,773 6,652 6,528 6,734 Private Glider, Private Airplane 3,815 3,776 4,039 4,014 4,030 4,113 4,144 4,049 4,059 4,105 Private Glider, Private Airplane, Private Helicopter 66 63 67 67 68 71 67 58 60 55 Private Glider, Private Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 32 35 35 31 37 35 36 30 32 37 Private Glider, Commercial Airplane 1,823 1,898 1,968 1,976 2,055 2,072 2,081 2,057 2,063 2,070 Private Glider, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 145 163 157 157 149 146 163 154 150 152 Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter 2 4 6 5 5 4 4 6 7 5 Commercial--Total 5,625 6,664 6,172 6,151 6,205 6,200 6,278 6,143 6,196 6,372 Commercial Glider 1,167 2,116 1,119 1,118 1,115 1,104 1,060 1,056 1,072 1,167 Commercial Glider, Commercial Airplane 3,330 3,406 3,558 3,560 3,630 3,645 3,776 3,685 3,703 3,777 Commercial Glider, Private Airplane 572 581 938 920 893 878 841 807 799 795 Commercial Glider, Private Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 17 14 14 16 15 14 15 17 17 12 Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter 2 3 4 6 4 3 3 2 4 5 Commercial Glider, Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter 41 40 33 29 27 26 28 27 24 18 Commercial Glider, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 481 487 489 487 509 518 543 535 562 587 Commercial Glider, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 5 4 5 3 1 2 2 3 2 1 Commercial Glider, Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter 10 13 12 12 11 10 10 11 13 10

7-13 TABLE 7-9 ESTIMATED INSTRUMENT RATINGS HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE BY FAA REGION DECEMBER 31, 1996

Great New Northwest South- Western- Outside Class of Certificate Total 1/ Alaskan Central Eastern Lakes England Mountain Southern west Pacific U.S. 2/

Total--All Pilots 297,895 3,899 12,899 35,135 45,111 12,291 29,074 60,825 36,178 46,559 15,924 Airplane Private --Total 53,803 309 2,989 7,328 10,520 2,650 4,482 9,610 5,800 9,284 831 Private Airplane (only) 52,074 301 2,935 7,065 10,244 2,559 4,319 9,310 5,618 8,921 802 Private Airplane, Private Glider 1,141 6 32 178 183 55 103 201 123 246 14 Private Airplane, Private Gyroplane 7 0 2 0 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 Private Airplane, Private Helicopter 546 2 20 81 82 30 56 96 57 109 13 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Private Helicopter 29 0 0 4 7 2 3 3 1 7 2 Private Airplane-other 6 0 0 0 1 3 1 0 1 0 0 Commercial --Total 113,390 1,920 5,452 13,200 17,963 4,381 11,070 21,438 13,174 17,241 7,551 Commercial Airplane (only) 95,989 1,632 4,669 10,977 15,945 3,701 9,189 17,450 11,066 14,166 7,194 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider 1,621 27 69 231 241 78 179 300 165 307 24 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 2,852 37 134 407 401 170 382 490 310 485 36 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Glider 5 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter 484 2 19 61 75 27 47 80 44 103 26 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Private Helicopter 38 0 1 5 5 3 4 4 3 12 1 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 9,267 175 398 1,093 927 287 934 2,350 1,228 1,659 216 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter 130 1 3 15 16 6 16 33 12 25 3 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter 440 6 22 60 44 28 51 80 47 100 2 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 16 0 0 0 4 0 1 4 1 5 1 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 19 1 2 0 3 0 4 5 2 2 0 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter Commercial Glider 10 0 1 0 2 1 0 1 2 3 0 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane 2,250 37 124 314 255 58 234 592 262 327 47 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane, Private Glider 13 0 1 2 0 0 2 2 3 3 0 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane Commercial Glider 11 0 0 0 1 2 0 5 1 2 0 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane Commercial Gyroplane 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial Glider, Private Airplane 101 0 1 17 16 15 16 7 11 18 0 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane, 57 0 4 6 15 3 4 11 5 9 0 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Helicopter 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane

7-14 TABLE 7-9 ESTIMATED INSTRUMENT RATINGS HELD BY CLASS OF CERTIFICATE BY FAA REGION DECEMBER 31, 1996

Great New Northwest South- Western- Outside Class of Certificate Total 1/ Alaskan Central Eastern Lakes England Mountain Southern west Pacific U.S. 2/

Private Glider 8 0 1 1 3 0 0 1 1 1 0 Commercial-other 76 1 2 10 8 2 7 21 11 13 1 Airline Transport --Total 127,486 1,623 4,341 14,208 16,371 5,174 13,236 28,886 16,716 19,588 7,343 Airline Transport Airplane (only) 123,429 1,507 4,236 13,596 16,022 4,970 12,865 28,011 15,988 19,041 7,193 Airline Transport Airplane, Airline Transport Helicopter 2,351 71 55 389 222 125 204 542 352 314 77 Airline Transport Airplane-other 1,706 45 50 223 127 79 167 333 376 233 73 Rotorcraft (only)--Total 3,216 47 117 399 257 86 286 891 488 446 199 Private Helicopter 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 1 Commercial Helicopter 2,664 32 111 325 219 72 238 800 383 383 101 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Commercial Gyroplane 0 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 Airline Transport Helicopter 543 15 6 73 38 13 47 90 104 60 97 Other 0

1/ Includes Outside U.S. total. 2/ Outside U.S. includes airmen certificated by FAA who live outside the 50 states or foreign countries.

7-15 TABLE 7-10 ESTIMATED INSTRUMENT RATINGS HELD DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

Class of Certificate 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total--All Pilots 297,895 298,798 302,299 305,517 306,169 303,193 297,073 282,804 273,804 266,122 Airplane 1/ Private --Total 53,803 54,213 57,594 57,198 56,199 55,557 53,920 51,067 49,381 47,746 Private Airplane (only) 52,074 52,499 53,167 52,692 51,753 51,215 49,550 46,859 45,316 43,885 Private Airplane, Private Glider 1,141 1,118 1,128 1,111 1,096 1,103 1,069 1,023 1,007 983 Private Airplane, Commercial Glider ------143 141 131 134 122 119 108 102 Private Airplane, Private Helicopter 546 555 512 501 470 451 432 403 356 332 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Private Helicopter 29 28 33 31 28 31 32 27 25 25 Private Airplane, Commercial Helicopter ------2,584 2,693 2,688 2,594 2,683 2,606 2,537 2,385 Private Airplane, Private Gyroplane 7 5 4 4 4 3 5 5 3 3 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter ------15 15 19 16 16 12 15 21 Private Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter ------7 9 9 9 10 12 13 9 Private Airplane, Other 6 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Commercial --Total 113,390 117,321 122,924 126,493 128,828 129,774 129,426 123,908 121,674 121,072 Commercial Airplane (only) 95,989 99,218 106,047 109,442 111,350 111,835 110,719 105,402 102,982 102,017 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider 1,621 1,680 1,732 1,721 1,795 1,802 1,825 1,783 1,778 1,756 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider 2,852 2,912 3,012 3,012 3,036 3,048 3,141 3,037 3,033 3,098 Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter 484 482 441 425 365 336 307 282 264 234 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter 9,267 9,662 11,011 11,220 11,612 12,079 12,716 12,708 12,911 13,250 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter 130 144 139 139 132 130 145 136 132 134 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter 440 448 449 448 468 474 496 488 506 526 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 19 21 23 23 17 18 22 19 15 15 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyroplane 16 22 22 21 17 16 17 16 18 15 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Glider 5 4 5 3 1 2 2 2 1 1 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Private Helicopter 38 36 31 27 25 25 27 24 21 16 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane, Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider 10 13 12 12 10 9 9 11 13 10 Commercial Helicopter, Private Airplane 2,250 2,407 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private ------Airplane, Private Glider 13 13 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private ------Airplane, Commercial Glider 11 5 ------Commercial Helicopter, Private ------Airplane, Commercial Gyroplane 1 1 ------Commercial Glider, Private Airplane 101 109 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane 57 56 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane Private Helicopter 2 2 ------Commercial Balloon, Private Airplane ------Private Glider 8 8 ------

7-16 TABLE 7-10 ESTIMATED INSTRUMENT RATINGS HELD DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

Class of Certificate 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Commercial Airplane-other 76 78 ------Airline Transport --Total 127,486 123,877 117,434 117,070 115,855 112,167 107,732 102,087 96,968 91,287 Airline Transport Airplane (only) 123,429 119,817 115,200 114,863 113,692 110,131 105,830 100,317 95,282 89,694 Airline Transport Airplane, Airline Transport Helicopter 2,351 2,325 2,234 2,207 2,163 2,036 1,902 1,770 1,686 1,593 Airline Transport-other 1,706 1,735 ------Rotorcraft (only)--Total 3,216 3,387 4,347 4,756 5,287 5,695 5,995 5,742 5,781 6,017 Private Helicopter (only) 6 11 ------Commercial Helicopter (only) 2,664 2,833 4,286 4,689 5,214 5,624 5,923 5,660 5,695 5,927 Commercial Helicopter, Private glider 2 ------Commercial Helicopter, Commercial glider 2 2 ------Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Gyrocopter 1 1 ------Airline Transport Helicopter (only) 543 537 44 51 58 59 62 71 75 81 Rotorcraft (only) --- 1 17 16 15 12 10 11 11 9

1/ Prior to 1995, these pilots were categorized as private, commercial, or airline transport, based on their airplane certificate. In 1995 and after, they are categorized based on their highest certificate. For example, if a pilot holds a a private certificate and a commercial helicopter certificate, prior 1995, the pilot would be categorized as private; 1995 and after as commercial.

7-17 TABLE 7-11 ESTIMATED TOTAL PILOTS AND INSTRUMENT RATED PILOTS DECEMBER 31, 1987 - 1996

Instrument Rated Pilots Calendar Total Percent Year Number 1/ Number of Total

1996 527,049 297,895 57% 1995 537,673 298,798 56% 1994 557,593 302,300 54% 1993 561,280 305,517 54% 1992 568,175 306,169 54% 1991 571,731 303,193 53% 1990 573,909 297,073 52% 1989 557,466 282,804 51% 1988 557,103 273,804 49% 1987 553,637 266,122 48%

1/ Excludes student and recreational pilots.

7-18 TABLE 7-12 ESTIMATED ACTIVE PILOT CERTIFICATES HELD BY CATEGORY AND AGE GROUP OF HOLDER As of December 31, 1996

Type of Pilot Certificates Flight Instructor 3/

Age Group Airplane 1/ Total Student Recre- Private Commercial Airline Rotorcraft Glider ational Transport (Only) (Only) 2/

Total 622,261 94,947 265 254,002 129,187 127,486 6,961 9,413 78,551

14-15 220 220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16-19 14,087 10,495 3 3,234 243 0 32 80 57 20-24 36,205 13,427 5 13,430 8,523 313 304 203 4,359 25-29 54,300 13,799 13 16,480 17,122 5,688 904 294 11,516 30-34 68,330 12,964 13 22,866 15,133 15,460 1,289 605 10,462 35-39 82,494 12,914 34 32,006 13,679 21,578 1,241 1,042 9,536 40-44 86,772 10,829 38 39,048 13,464 20,536 1,065 1,792 9,260 45-49 83,012 8,101 30 36,590 14,227 21,144 1,159 1,761 9,590 50-54 70,017 5,265 35 29,929 14,397 18,417 630 1,344 8,594 55-59 48,794 2,994 25 21,060 10,448 13,205 219 843 5,788 60-64 33,362 1,809 17 15,547 8,734 6,538 60 657 4,235 65-69 24,054 1,296 32 13,378 5,982 2,543 41 782 2,573 70-74 13,697 572 16 7,382 4,433 1,274 15 5 1,540 75-79 5,522 188 3 2,416 2,258 652 2 3 818 80 and over 1,395 74 1 636 544 138 0 2 223

1/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate 2/ Glider pilots are not required to have a medical examination; however, totals above represent pilots who received a medical examination. 3/ Not included in total active pilots.

TABLE 7-13 AVERAGE AGE OF ACTIVE PILOTS BY CATEGORY DECEMBER 31, 1987-1996

Type of Pilot Certificates Calendar Year Airplane 2/ Total 1/ Student Recre- Private Commercial Airline ational Transport 1987 39.9 32.3 N/A 41.4 42.7 43.1 1988 40.1 32.5 N/A 41.4 42.6 43.2 1989 40.2 32.7 N/A 41.8 42.5 43.4 1990 40.5 32.5 41.7 42.0 42.2 43.6 1991 40.5 32.6 43.5 42.0 41.8 43.7 1992 40.8 32.9 44.4 42.2 41.7 43.8 1993 41.3 33.7 45.5 42.7 41.9 44.1 1994 41.9 34.3 46.5 43.2 42.4 44.4 1995 42.9 34.5 48.3 44.6 43.7 44.9 1996 43.2 34.6 49.3 45.1 44.1 45.1 1/ Includes helicopter (only) and glider (only) not shown separately. 2/ Includes pilots with an airplane only certificate. Also includes those with an airplane and a helicopter and/or glider certificate N/A Not available. Recreational certiticate first issued in 1990.

7-19 TABLE 7-14 NONPILOT AIRMEN CERTIFICATES HELD BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996 1/

Total Nonpilot Mechanic Repair Parachute Ground Dispatcher Flight Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Airmen Men Rigger Instructor Navigator Engineer Total 2/ 534,427 329,239 50,768 10,269 68,573 13,272 847 61,459 United States--Total 508,481 310,978 50,459 10,037 65,596 10,771 835 59,805 Alaskan Region--Total 5,973 3,479 530 165 879 286 6 628 Central Region--Total 24,142 16,056 2,853 417 3,082 183 5 1,546 Iowa 3,055 1,838 482 83 490 22 0 140 Kansas 6,728 4,103 1,267 106 905 39 2 306 Missouri 12,092 8,688 832 164 1,337 101 2 968 Nebraska 2,267 1,427 272 64 350 21 1 132 Eastern Region--Total 67,728 44,233 4,778 1,613 8,583 2,303 114 6,104 Delaware 1,378 901 95 27 165 26 2 162 District of Columbia 249 137 12 23 51 14 0 12 Maryland 4,981 2,754 361 152 909 101 5 699 New Jersey 10,425 6,816 621 216 1,189 361 29 1,193 New York 23,270 16,966 1,659 298 2,188 1,177 32 950 Pennsylvania 16,742 10,973 1,321 374 2,180 411 26 1,457 Virginia 8,561 4,305 498 384 1,616 196 20 1,542 West Virginia 1,327 779 198 49 212 11 0 78 Armed Forces 3/ 795 602 13 90 73 6 0 11 Great Lakes Region--Total 72,619 43,921 7,388 1,278 10,650 1,575 25 7,782 Illinois 18,065 10,846 1,272 290 2,698 424 9 2,526 Indiana 9,269 5,986 1,049 158 1,093 135 3 845 Michigan 11,324 6,544 1,540 195 2,030 162 2 851 Minnesota 12,688 7,906 874 154 1,451 531 4 1,768 North Dakota 1,348 1,039 72 25 149 11 1 51 Ohio 12,766 7,301 1,824 287 2,028 214 2 1,110 South Dakota 1,181 736 130 27 187 10 0 91 Wisconsin 5,978 3,563 627 142 1,014 88 4 540 New England Region--Total 20,926 12,317 2,565 345 2,658 348 86 2,607 Connecticut 6,187 3,051 1,427 71 678 109 52 799 Maine 1,551 892 139 45 243 34 5 193 Massachusetts 8,943 6,364 637 164 1,019 115 11 633 New Hampshire 2,686 1,164 190 35 432 56 16 793 Rhode Island 759 427 86 19 124 15 1 87 Vermont 800 419 86 11 162 19 1 102 Northwest Mountain Region--Total 48,321 27,664 3,990 1,513 6,836 645 126 7,547 Colorado 14,321 8,007 737 177 2,217 224 30 2,929 Idaho 2,326 1,324 244 225 351 20 5 157 Montana 2,335 1,378 179 302 323 15 2 136 Oregon 5,484 3,198 699 269 899 61 15 343 Utah 3,887 2,056 338 86 583 42 6 776 Washington 18,633 10,773 1,721 427 2,293 273 64 3,082 Wyoming 1,335 928 72 27 170 10 4 124

7-20 TABLE 7-14 NONPILOT AIRMEN CERTIFICATES HELD BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996 1/

Total Nonpilot Mechanic Repair Parachute Ground Dispatcher Flight Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Airmen Men Rigger Instructor Navigator Engineer Southern Region--Total 101,774 59,366 9,072 1,998 12,784 2,490 201 15,863 Alabama 6,984 4,906 671 135 985 25 5 257 Florida 41,867 23,625 4,116 663 5,482 1,364 149 6,468 Georgia 21,381 13,286 1,642 290 1,731 417 21 3,994 Kentucky 4,776 2,328 350 134 730 157 0 1,077 Mississippi 2,299 1,460 213 45 348 16 2 215 North Carolina 11,163 6,701 880 452 1,513 171 12 1,434 South Carolina 4,225 2,422 539 110 635 36 4 479 Tennessee 8,976 4,559 661 154 1,352 304 8 1,938 Armed Forces 3/ 103 79 0 15 8 0 0 1 Southwest Region--Total 74,570 47,333 7,792 955 8,511 1,520 49 8,410 Arkansas 3,273 2,012 503 65 463 27 1 202 Louisiana 5,151 3,438 667 93 565 41 3 344 New Mexico 2,797 1,694 255 74 539 51 3 181 Oklahoma 15,480 11,983 1,681 138 1,189 60 3 426 Texas 47,869 28,206 4,686 585 5,755 1,341 39 7,257 Western-Pacific Region--Total 91,596 56,023 11,442 1,711 11,488 1,391 223 9,318 Arizona 13,289 7,601 1,894 216 2,043 273 16 1,246 California 69,637 43,432 8,858 1,281 8,254 859 156 6,797 Hawaii 3,850 2,576 301 64 376 154 9 370 Nevada 4,264 2,018 377 78 757 96 42 896 Armed Forces 3/ 556 396 12 72 58 9 0 9 Unknown 832 586 49 42 125 30 0 0 Outside U. S. --Total 4/ 25,946 18,261 309 232 2,977 2,501 12 1,654 Other U. S. Areas: 2,073 1,434 90 26 243 100 1 179 American Samoa 23 18 0 0 4 0 0 1 Guam 400 211 5 3 40 27 0 114 Puerto Rico 1,454 1,064 79 21 176 68 1 45 Virgin Islands 156 112 5 2 20 4 0 13 U.S. Territories 40 29 1 0 3 1 0 6

1/ Data for flight engineers and flight navigators represent total active ratings held. Data for dispatchers, mechanics, repairmen parachute riggers and ground instructors represent total ratings issued to date. These ratings retain their validity and have been limited to those held by persons under 70 years of age. These data are not comparable to those for earlier years. 2/ Includes Outside U. S. 3/ Military personnel holding civilian certificate stationed in foreign country. 4/ Outside U.S. includes Other U.S. Areas outside of the 50 states and foreign countries.

7-21 TABLE 7-15 WOMEN NONPILOT CERTIFICATES HELD BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996 1/

Total Nonpilot Mechanic Repair Parachute Ground Dispatcher Flight Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Airmen Men Rigger Instructor Navigator Engineer Total 2/ 13,909 4,019 1,752 441 4,652 1,411 0 1,634 United States--Total 13,551 3,976 1,752 414 4,505 1,290 0 1,614 Alaskan Region--Total 249 56 9 9 69 86 0 20 Central Region--Total 595 185 147 15 193 16 0 39 Iowa 93 25 26 2 31 4 0 5 Kansas 221 53 94 5 57 4 0 8 Missouri 224 90 23 5 78 5 0 23 Nebraska 57 17 4 3 27 3 0 3 Eastern Region--Total 1,478 346 108 75 539 228 0 182 Delaware 33 7 7 1 13 4 0 1 District of Columbia 7 1 0 0 3 1 0 2 Maryland 140 33 7 5 58 15 0 22 New Jersey 191 30 16 6 65 43 0 31 New York 441 124 31 15 136 103 0 32 Pennsylvania 365 77 26 28 141 50 0 43 Virginia 261 66 8 16 111 11 0 49 West Virginia 24 1 13 0 8 1 0 1 Armed Forces 3/ 16 7 0 4 4 0 0 1 Great Lakes Region--Total 2,237 569 346 63 757 225 0 277 Illinois 615 140 75 17 223 53 0 107 Indiana 263 99 28 6 71 18 0 41 Michigan 351 71 55 9 160 28 0 28 Minnesota 381 104 61 8 81 78 0 49 North Dakota 27 11 5 1 5 2 0 3 Ohio 408 94 105 14 142 25 0 28 South Dakota 30 6 5 0 13 5 0 1 Wisconsin 162 44 12 8 62 16 0 20 New England Region--Total 539 100 117 22 201 32 0 67 Connecticut 205 31 80 3 52 14 0 25 Maine 39 10 4 1 18 3 0 3 Massachusetts 180 42 14 12 84 6 0 22 New Hampshire 83 14 14 5 29 8 0 13 Rhode Island 11 2 1 0 7 0 0 1 Vermont 21 1 4 1 11 1 0 3 Northwest Mountain Region-- Total 1,567 493 156 43 530 85 0 260 Colorado 533 157 22 1 189 22 0 142 Idaho 51 14 3 6 23 5 0 0 Montana 53 15 1 6 24 6 0 1 Oregon 168 43 15 12 79 6 0 13 Utah 84 27 9 2 33 3 0 10 Washington 633 216 105 15 167 41 0 89 Wyoming 45 21 1 1 15 2 0 5

7-22 TABLE 7-15 WOMEN NONPILOT CERTIFICATES HELD BY FAA REGION AND STATE DECEMBER 31, 1996 1/

Total Nonpilot Mechanic Repair Parachute Ground Dispatcher Flight Flight FAA REGION AND STATE Airmen Men Rigger Instructor Navigator Engineer Southern Region--Total 2,405 672 241 98 796 255 0 343 Alabama 189 74 23 2 87 2 0 1 Florida 997 238 88 46 331 139 0 155 Georgia 339 124 43 8 84 28 0 52 Kentucky 152 21 14 4 48 28 0 37 Mississippi 51 13 7 1 24 2 0 4 North Carolina 293 90 26 27 107 14 0 29 South Carolina 106 38 23 4 31 4 0 6 Tennessee 275 71 17 6 84 38 0 59 Armed Forces 3/ 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 Southwest Region--Total 1,832 678 238 32 547 187 0 150 Arkansas 71 25 12 1 28 3 0 2 Louisiana 115 37 28 2 38 7 0 3 New Mexico 100 18 14 1 57 5 0 5 Oklahoma 382 200 67 6 95 8 0 6 Texas 1,164 398 117 22 329 164 0 134 Western-Pacific Region--Total 2,639 876 389 57 866 175 0 276 Arizona 414 117 58 6 160 35 0 38 California 1,998 706 321 46 621 99 0 205 Hawaii 116 30 5 0 36 31 0 14 Nevada 104 22 5 2 46 10 0 19 Armed Forces 3/ 7 1 0 3 3 0 0 0 Unknown 10 1 1 0 7 1 0 0 Outside U. S. --Total 4/ 358 43 0 27 147 121 0 20 Other U. S. Areas: 35 12 0 1 9 8 0 5 American Samoa 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Guam 13 5 0 0 0 4 0 4 Puerto Rico 17 5 0 1 8 3 0 0 Virgin Islands 5 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 U. S. Territories 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1/ Data for flight engineers and flight navigators represent total active ratings held. Data for dispatchers, mechanics, parachute riggers and ground instructors represent total ratings issued to date. These ratings retain their validity and have been limited to those held by persons under 70 years of age. These data are not comparable to those for earlier years. 2/ Includes Outside U. S. 3/ Military personnel holding civilian certificate stationed in foreign country. 4/ Outside U.S. includes Other U.S. Areas outside of the 50 states and foreign countries.

7-23 Table 7-16 AIRMEN CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY CATEGORY AND CONDUCTOR DECEMBER 31, 1996

Total Original Issuances Additional Ratings Category of Certificates Certificates Total Examiner Inspector No Test Total Examiner Inspector No Test Issued Pilot--Total 145,866 101,398 94,926 2,489 3,983 44,468 35,590 5,329 3,549 Student 56,653 56,653 56,653 N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP Recreational 72 71 67 4 0 1 1 0 0 Airplane Private 40,913 24,714 23,404 456 854 16,199 14,841 458 900 Commercial 20,739 10,245 7,453 534 2,258 10,494 8,057 723 1,714 Airline Transport 24,673 7,444 5,895 1,213 336 17,229 12,303 4,036 890 Rotorcraft (only) 1,987 1,638 1,033 92 513 349 297 31 21 Glider (only) 829 633 421 190 22 196 91 81 24 Flight Instructor 0 Certificates* 17,631 4,459 2,937 1,183 339 13,172 8,209 4,892 71

Nonpilot--Total 21,869 17,626 9,935 1,723 5,968 4,243 2,754 674 815 Mechanic 10,709 8,024 7,697 321 6 2,685 2,559 122 4 Repairmen 4,073 3,915 15 12 3,888 158 2 0 156 Parachute Rigger 262 238 147 85 6 24 13 10 1 Ground Instructor 2,475 2,035 6 98 1,931 440 3 12 425 Dispatcher 873 869 519 340 10 4 3 0 1 Flight Navigator 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Flight Engineer 3,477 2,545 1,551 867 127 932 174 530 228

Note: Additional ratings are entered on current airman certificates as follows: Private, commercial, and airline transport pilot--aircraft category, class, and type instrument rating. Helicopter pilot--instrument and type ratings. Flight instructor--ratings for each aircraft category in which the holder is qualified, and instrument flying instructions. Mechanic--airframe and powerplant ratings. Parachute rigger--senior or master rigger--senior or master rigger ratings. Ground instructor--ratings for each subject in which the holder is qualified to give instruction. N/AP--not applicable

7-24 TABLE 7-17 ORIGINAL AIRMEN CERTIFICATES ISSUED BY CATEGORY CALENDAR YEARS 1987-1996

Category of Certificates 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Pilot--Total 101,398 106,082 116,079 129,718 143,532 161,009 156,955 146,951 148,018 149,640 Student 56,653 60,497 66,501 69,178 78,377 82,205 88,586 87,427 86,193 85,611 Recreational 71 57 73 58 74 87 29 N/A N/A N/A Airplane Private 24,714 28,333 32,787 39,060 39,968 49,580 41,749 35,360 39,900 42,278 Commercial 10,245 9,133 9,237 12,645 14,354 16,869 15,500 13,759 12,042 11,314 Airline Transport 7,444 5,965 5,360 6,126 7,699 8,437 8,013 7,829 7,461 7,678 Rotorcraft (only) 1,638 1,724 1,801 2,310 2,684 3,344 2,700 2,240 1,947 2,217 Glider (only) 633 373 320 341 376 487 378 336 475 542 Flight Instructor Certificates 1/ 4,459 4,513 3,970 6,328 7,151 8,164 7,071 5,365 4,898 6,327 Instrument Ratings 2/ N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP

Nonpilot--Total 17,626 17,144 16,448 23,906 27,543 31,882 27,113 23,078 21,064 21,878 Mechanic 8,024 11,636 12,313 18,401 20,532 24,299 19,861 15,923 14,907 15,089 Repairmen 3/ 3,915 520 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Parachute Rigger 238 239 204 254 232 228 227 167 142 194 Ground Instructor 2,035 2,130 2,255 3,042 3,508 3,527 2,664 2,133 1,716 1,825 Dispatcher 869 696 557 629 674 623 550 431 510 533 Flight Navigator 0 0 1 1 2 3 1 14 17 4 Flight Engineer 2,545 1,923 1,118 1,579 2,595 3,202 3,810 4,410 3,772 4,233 1/ Not included in total. 2/ Special ratings shown on pilot certificates represented above; not included in total. 3/ Prior to 1995, repairmen were included with mechanics. N/A Not Available. N/AP Not Applicable TABLE 7-18 ADDITIONAL AIRMEN RATINGS ISSUED BY CATEGORY CALENDAR YEARS 1987-1996

Category of Certificates 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Pilot--Total 44,467 38,387 34,453 35,660 44,760 51,435 45,730 46,990 37,921 39,990 Student N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP Recreational 1 29 1 N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP N/AP Airplane Private 16,199 15,331 14,568 11,801 19,416 23,630 19,299 22,240 15,800 16,302 Commercial 10,494 9,042 8,630 10,466 11,630 13,506 12,584 11,778 10,597 11,365 Airline Transport 17,229 13,641 10,963 12,995 13,391 13,979 13,540 12,698 11,209 11,956 Rotorcraft (only) 349 290 267 370 291 291 266 252 287 293 Glider (only) 196 83 25 28 32 29 41 22 28 74 Flight Instructor Certificates 1/ 13,172 6,997 5,791 7,214 8,161 9,470 8,517 7,532 5,234 6,378 Instrument Ratings 2/ 15,233 14,776 14,841 19,724 20,062 26,007 22,528 20,911 16,810 18,296

Nonpilot--Total 4,243 4,403 5,006 6,385 7,267 9,567 8,387 7,688 6,107 5,486 Mechanic 2,685 3,131 4,160 5,529 6,499 7,653 6,381 5,728 4,353 4,195 Repairmen 3/ 158 64 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Parachute Rigger 24 26 15 29 22 33 12 21 8 11 Ground Instructor 440 377 346 498 518 493 434 399 334 366 Dispatcher 4 2 2 0 0 3 2 5 2 3 Flight Navigator 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 Flight Engineer 932 803 483 329 228 1,385 1,557 1,535 1,410 911 1/ Not included in total. 2/ Special ratings shown on pilot certificates represented above; not included in total. 3/ Prior to 1995, repairmen were included with mechanics. N/A Not Available. N/AP Not Applicable Note: Additional ratings are entered on current airman certificates as follows: Private, commercial, and airline transport pilot--aircraft category, class, and type instrument rating. Helicopter pilot--instrument and type ratings. Flight instructor--ratings for each aircraft category in which the holder is qualified, and instrument flying instructions. Mechanic--airframe and powerplant ratings. Parachute rigger--senior or master rigger--senior or master rigger ratings.

7-25 TABLE 7-19 ORIGINAL AIRMEN CERTIFICATES APPROVED/DISAPPROVED BY CATEGORY AND CONDUCTOR 1996

Examiner Inspector Dis- Percent Dis- Percent Category of Certificates Approved approved Total Approved Approved approved Total Approved Pilot--Total 38,273 7,182 45,455 84.2% 2,489 314 2,803 88.8% Recreational 67 2 69 97.1% 4 0 4 100.0% Airplane Private 23,404 4,987 28,391 82.4% 456 91 547 83.4% Commercial 7,453 1,131 8,584 86.8% 534 26 560 95.4% Airline Transport 5,895 949 6,844 86.1% 1,213 190 1,403 86.5% Rotorcraft (only) 1,033 69 1,102 93.7% 92 5 97 94.8% Glider (only) 421 44 465 90.5% 190 2 192 99.0% Flight Instructor Certificates* 2,937 1,166 4,103 71.6% 1,183 292 1,475 80.2%

Nonpilot--Total 9,935 854 10,789 92.1% 1,723 114 1,837 93.8% Mechanic 7,697 607 8,304 92.7% 321 22 343 93.6% Repairmen 15 0 15 100.0% 12 0 12 100.0% Parachute Rigger 147 0 147 100.0% 85 1 86 98.8% Ground Instructor 6 0 6 100.0% 98 1 99 99.0% Dispatcher 519 67 586 88.6% 340 23 363 93.7% Flight Navigator 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0 0.0% Flight Engineer 1,551 180 1,731 89.6% 867 67 934 92.8%

TABLE 7-20 ADDITIONAL AIRMEN CERTIFICATES APPROVED/DISAPPROVED BY CATEGORY AND CONDUCTOR 1996

Examiner Inspector Dis- Percent Dis- Percent Category of Certificates Approved approved Total Approved Approved approved Total Approved Pilot--Total 35,590 3,458 39,048 91.1% 5,329 304 5,633 94.6% Recreational 1 0 1 100.0% 0 1 1 0.0% Airplane Private 14,841 2,070 16,911 87.8% 458 43 501 91.4% Commercial 8,057 552 8,609 93.6% 723 20 743 97.3% Airline Transport 12,303 811 13,114 93.8% 4,036 240 4,276 94.4% Rotorcraft (only) 297 19 316 94.0% 31 0 31 100.0% Glider (only) 91 6 97 93.8% 81 0 81 100.0% Flight Instructor Certificates* 8,209 243 8,452 97.1% 4,892 24 4,916 99.5%

Nonpilot--Total 2,754 56 2,810 98.0% 674 6 680 99.1% Mechanic 2,559 50 2,609 98.1% 122 2 124 98.4% Repairmen 2 0 2 0.0% 0 0 0 0.0% Parachute Rigger 13 0 13 100.0% 10 0 10 100.0% Ground Instructor 3 0 3 100.0% 12 0 12 100.0% Dispatcher 3 0 3 0.0% 0 1 1 0.0% Flight Navigator 0 0 0 0.0% 0 0 0 0.0% Flight Engineer 174 6 180 96.7% 530 3 533 99.4% Note: Additional ratings are entered on current airman certificates as follows: Private, commercial, and airline transport pilot--aircraft category, class, and type instrument rating. Helicopter pilot--instrument and type ratings. Flight instructor--ratings for each aircraft category in which the holder is qualified, and instrument flying instructions. Mechanic--airframe and powerplant ratings. Parachute rigger--senior or master rigger--senior or master rigger ratings. Ground instructor--ratings for each subject in which the holder is qualified to give instruction. * Special ratings shown on pilot certificates represented above; not included in total. N/AP--Not applicable

7-26 TABLE 7-21 INSTRUMENT RATINGS ISSUED: 1987 - 1996

Class of Certificate 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total--All Pilots 15,233 14,776 14,841 19,724 20,062 25,992 22,528 20,911 16,810 18,296 Airplane Private --Total 9,451 9,414 9,553 12,826 13,121 15,934 13,065 11,681 9,772 11,142 Private Airplane (only) N/A N/A 8,422 11,417 11,769 14,362 11,848 10,554 8,946 10,397 Private Airplane, Private Glider N/A N/A 74 105 100 128 111 93 92 135 Private Airplane, Commercial Glider N/A N/A 7 18 13 30 15 18 18 12 Private Airplane, Private Helicopter N/A N/A 37 43 72 59 36 38 40 35 Private Airplane, Private Glider, Private Helicopter N/A N/A 0 3 0 2 1 3 1 Private Airplane, Commercial Helicopter N/A N/A 228 311 333 359 309 293 272 234 Private Airplane, Other N/A N/A 785 929 834 994 745 682 404 328 Commercial --Total 5,078 4,573 4,724 6,138 6,003 8,911 8,338 8,091 6,101 5,996 Commercial Airplane (only) N/A N/A 4,097 5,367 5,081 7,970 7,408 7,122 5,267 5,044 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider N/A N/A 36 32 33 58 54 54 49 48 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider N/A N/A 32 45 48 54 66 54 41 61 Commercial Airplane, Private Helicopter N/A N/A 13 22 17 22 12 12 11 14 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Helicopter N/A N/A 539 662 810 802 788 843 723 814 Commercial Airplane, Private Glider, Commercial Helicopter N/A N/A 4 4 2 1 4 3 3 7 Commercial Airplane, Commercial Glider, Commercial Helicopter N/A N/A 1 5 9 3 4 1 6 7 Commercial Airplane, Other N/A N/A 2 1 3 1 2 2 1 1 Rotorcraft-Total 704 604 564 760 938 1,147 1,125 1,139 937 1,158 Commercial Helicopter N/A N/A 523 723 898 1,103 1,097 1,113 909 1,135 Commercial Helicopter, Private Glider N/A N/A 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 1 Commercial Helicopter, Commercial Glider N/A N/A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Commercial Helicopter, Airline Transport N/A N/A 24 18 19 28 20 17 22 20 Commercial Helicopter, Other N/A N/A 17 19 21 12 7 9 6 2 N/A--Detail by certificate type no longer available.

TABLE 7-22 STUDENT CERTIFICATES ISSUED, BY MONTH: 1987 - 1996

YEAR 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 Total 56,653 60,497 66,501 69,178 78,377 82,205 88,586 87,427 86,193 85,611 January 4,067 4,505 4,394 4,802 6,104 5,704 6,699 7,789 5,679 6,094 February 4,057 4,307 4,562 5,144 5,773 5,541 6,266 7,156 6,463 6,539 March 4,301 5,189 5,696 5,835 6,773 5,950 7,372 6,833 7,488 7,121 April 4,758 4,744 5,308 5,507 6,703 6,513 7,044 6,059 6,934 7,135 May 5,065 5,396 5,788 5,597 6,299 6,622 7,604 6,870 7,363 6,160 June 5,031 5,878 6,837 6,683 7,819 7,932 8,284 8,675 8,964 8,486 July 5,807 5,708 6,011 6,758 8,074 8,442 9,037 8,305 8,184 8,968 August 5,564 6,590 7,054 7,191 7,210 8,580 9,155 8,976 9,428 8,384 September 5,192 6,001 6,274 6,343 7,251 7,630 7,509 8,080 8,003 8,104 October 5,310 4,000 5,790 5,797 6,760 7,956 8,103 7,616 7,488 7,581 November 4,240 4,179 4,785 5,117 5,240 7,661 6,551 6,203 6,389 5,909 December 3,261 4,000 4,002 4,404 4,371 3,674 4,962 4,865 3,812 5,130 The monthly data for most of 1995 contains an estimated component. System reprogramming caused a loss of some data.

7-27 VIII. GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT

General aviation aircraft activity information was obtained using the General Aviation/Air Taxi Activity (and Avionics) Survey, which is mailed to the owners of a sample of registered general aviation aircraft. The sample is a scientifically designed random sample which represents all general aviation and air taxi aircraft registered in the United States. The survey collects data relative to flight hours, airframe hours and, in alternate years, the avionics equipment on board the aircraft. In addition, the survey collects information about the number of hours flown under instrument flight rules, the number of landings, and the state where the aircraft is based.

Because the estimates are derived from a sample--not the total population of aircraft--a certain amount of sampling error is introduced. The user must consider this error along with the estimate itself when making an inference or drawing any conclusions about the aircraft population. Although the exact value of the sample error is unknown, a quantity known as the standard deviation is used to approximate it. Using the standard deviation, one can develop an interval within which the true population estimate will lie with a known probability. The probability that the true value will lie within the interval depends on the width of the interval, i.e., the estimate plus or minus 1, 2, or 3 times the standard deviation. The table below shows selected interval widths and their corresponding confidence.

Approximate Confidence that Width of Interval Interval Includes True Population Value 1 standard deviation 68% 2 standard deviations 95% 3 standard deviations 99%

For example if the estimate for total flight hours for a particular aircraft type were 40,000 and the percent standard deviation was 3%, then the 95% confidence interval would be:

40,000 ± (2 x 0.03 x 40,000) 40,000 ± 2,400 (42,400; 37,600).

One can then assume that there is a 95% probability that the true population value of the total flight hours for this aircraft type lies between 42,000 and 37,600 hours.

More detailed estimates and a more detailed discussion of the survey and its methodology are available in the General Aviation/Air Taxi Activity and Avionics Report.

DEFINITIONS

Active Aircraft--All legally registered civil aircraft which flew one or more hours.

Air Carrier-- An aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation.

Aircraft Type--A term used in this publication in grouping aircraft by basic configuration: fixed wing, rotorcraft, glider, dirigible, and balloon.

Experimental Aircraft--An aircraft which does not have a type design or does not meet other certification standards. The “experimental” designation is one of several “Special Airworthiness Certificates” which allows the aircraft to operate in US airspace. None may be used for commercial purposes. For this survey experimental aircraft are divided into three groups:

8-1 Amateur Built--An aircraft, built by one or more persons who undertake the effort for the purpose of recreation and education.

Exhibition--A unique (one-of-a-kind) aircraft, a replica, a foreign or US military surplus aircraft which may be used for exhibition purposes--movie and television productions, or sanctioned, organized events where the unique or unusual characteristics of the aircraft can be displayed.

Other--Includes experimental aircraft that are not amateur or exhibition. This includes aircraft involved in research and development, crew training, market surveys, air racing, those used to show compliance with regulations, and the like.

General Aviation--That portion of civil aviation which encompasses all facets of aviation except air carriers.

Use Categories--The eleven use categories are defined below:

Aerial Application--Agriculture, health, forestry, cloud seeding, firefighting, insect control.

Aerial Observation--Aerial mapping/photography, survey, patrol, fish spotting, search and rescue, hunting, highway traffic advisory.

Air Taxi--Carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation using small aircraft (30 seats or less) under 14 CFR 135, excluding commuter air carrier.

Air Tours--Commercial sight seeing conducted under 14 CFR 135.

Business Transportation--Individual use of an aircraft for business transportation.

Commuter Air Carrier-- Carrying passengers for hire or compensation using small aircraft (30 seats or less) under 14 CFR 135 performing at least five scheduled round trips per week or carries cargo/mail.

Executive/Corporate Transportation--Company flying with a professional crew.

Instructional--Flying under the supervision of a flight instructor (excludes proficiency flying).

Other--Experimentation, R&D, testing, government demonstrations, air shows, air racing.

Other Work Use--Construction work (not 14 CFR 135), helicopter hoist, parachuting, aerial advertising, towing gliders.

Personal/Recreation--Flying for personal reasons (excludes business transportation).

Public Use--Federal, state or local government owned or leased aircraft used for the purpose of fulfilling a government function.

Sight Seeing--Commercial sight seeing conducted under 14 CFR 91.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

8-2 TABLE 8.1 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT BY AIRCRAFT TYPE AND PRIMARY USE 1996 Excludes Commuters (Percent standard error is shown in parenthesis)

Aerial Aerial Instruc- Applica-Observa-External Other Sight Air Air Aircraft Type Total Public CorporateBusiness Personal tional tion tion Load Work Seeing Tours Taxi Other FIXED-WING 160,577 2,827 8,227 26,963 93,174 13,248 4,653 2,519 0 920 408 67 3,194 4,372 (0.7%) (12.4%) (4.3%) (3.5%) (1.3%) (5.7%) (3.4%) (13.8%) * (21.8%) (33.1%) (85.2%) (8.6%) (9.7%) Piston 150,980 2,285 2,549 26,043 92,715 13,149 4,275 2,481 0 851 408 67 2,057 4,094 (0.7%) (14.7%) (11.6%) (3.5%) (1.3%) (5.8%) (3.7%) (13.9%) * (23.2%) (33.1%) (85.2%) (11.7%) (10.3%) One Engine 135,244 1,887 1,174 20,796 87,407 12,194 4,135 2,276 0 848 379 48 462 3,632 (0.7%) (16.9%) (18.6%) (4.1%) (1.3%) (6.1%) (3.5%) (14.9%) * (23.3%) (34.5%) * (30.5%) (11.1%) Two Engine 15,678 397 1,364 5,246 5,295 952 130 204 0 3 28 18 1,585 449 (2.4%) (26.2%) (14.5%) (6.4%) (6.2%) (15.6%) (47.2%) (30.2%) (0.0%) * * * (12.3%) (25.2%) Other Piston 57 0 10 0 11 2 9 0 0 0 0 0 9 12 (48.1%) (0.0%) (87.1%) (0.0%) (82.1%) * (92.2%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (92.2%) (81.1%) Turboprop 5,309 451 2,327 708 364 73 377 38 0 68 0 0 743 156 (2.5%) (21.4%) (7.0%) (15.8%) (22.3%) (56.4%) (6.4%) (76.0%) (0.0%) (50.0%) (0.0%) 0 (14.9%) (37.7%) One Engine 682 7 41 106 55 17 293 10 0 9 0 0 93 47 (6.2%) * (47.7%) (25.9%) (48.3%) (49.9%) (6.4%) * (0.0%) (91.6%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (39.3%) (66.3%) Two Engine 4,551 443 2,285 602 309 53 11 28 0 59 0 0 649 108 (2.8%) (21.7%) (7.0%) (18.0%) (24.8%) (74.0%) * (85.6%) (0.0%) (56.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (16.1%) (45.7%) Other Turboprop 75 0 0 0 0 2 73 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (24.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (12.8%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) Turbojet 4,287 89 3,350 211 94 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 393 122 (2.3%) (48.9%) (3.4%) (33.8%) (48.1%) (75.8%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (17.8%) (27.0%) Two Engine 3,971 82 3,098 211 94 25 0 0 0 0 0 0 393 67 (2.5%) (53.0%) (3.7%) (33.9%) (48.1%) (75.8%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (17.8%) (44.6%) Other Turbojet 315 7 252 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 54 (6.6%) (84.1%) (6.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (24.8%)

8-3 TABLE 8.1 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT BY AIRCRAFT TYPE AND PRIMARY USE 1996 Excludes Commuters (Percent standard error is shown in parenthesis)

Aerial Aerial Instruc- Applica-Observa-External Other Sight Air Air Aircraft Type Total Public CorporateBusiness Personal tional tion tion Load Work Seeing Tours Taxi Other ROTORCRAFT 6,391 1,324 868 463 482 487 510 633 357 102 204 54 500 402 (3.4%) (17.2%) (22.9%) (33.7%) (27.5%) (26.7%) (30.0%) (27.3%) (30.6%) (53.1%) (55.7%) * (30.1%) (30.2%) Piston 2,415 229 23 172 350 398 312 387 34 71 124 0 26 285 (6.4%) (30.3%) * (40.7%) (30.5%) (25.2%) (34.1%) (34.6%) * (57.5%) (70.8%) (0.0%) * (38.6%) Turbine-total 3,976 1,094 845 290 132 89 198 245 323 31 80 54 473 117 (3.8%) (19.9%) (23.2%) (47.9%) (59.3%) (92.9%) (55.6%) (44.5%) (31.8%) * (90.0%) * (30.8%) (44.5%) One Engine 3,329 994 656 267 124 88 184 239 307 30 77 54 272 31 (4.2%) (21.6%) (29.3%) (51.6%) (62.2%) (94.3%) (59.3%) (45.4%) (33.0%) * (93.3%) * (51.8%) * Multi-engine 646 99 189 23 7 1 14 5 15 0 3 0 200 85 (9.0%) (31.6%) (19.9%) (75.4%) * * * * * * * (0.0%) (18.5%) (32.6%) OTHER AIRCRAFT 4,144 24 13 21 3,247 255 0 3 0 79 216 3 0 279 (5.5%) (80.8%) * (76.9%) (3.6%) (25.7%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (52.2%) (29.6%) * * (26.1%) Gliders 1,882 24 0 8 1,469 176 0 0 0 2 33 0 0 167 (4.5%) (81.0%) (0.0%) * (5.2%) (30.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (71.4%) * (0.0%) (33.5%) Lighter-than-Air 2,261 0 13 13 1,777 79 0 3 0 76 183 3 0 111 (9.4%) (0.0%) * (85.4%) (5.0%) (49.2%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (53.4%) (32.5%) * * (41.7%) EXPERIMENTAL 16,198 30 176 788 12,715 270 197 69 66 17 60 0 143 1,663 (4.1%) (47.7%) (20.5%) (21.3%) (2.7%) (39.8%) (42.1%) (42.1%) (82.3%) * (98.8%) (0.0%) (32.4%) (17.2%) Amateur Built 11,231 0 0 362 9,618 151 0 3 0 0 54 0 0 1,040 (5.6%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (40.9%) (3.1%) (63.9%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (23.4%) Exhibition 2,057 0 0 84 1,437 9 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 521 (8.6%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (55.2%) (9.6%) (79.8%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (26.3%) Other 2,909 30 176 340 1,659 108 197 66 66 17 1 0 143 101 (4.2%) (47.7%) (20.5%) (18.2%) (7.0%) (42.4%) (42.1%) (38.0%) (82.3%) * * (0.0%) (32.4%) (62.2%) ALL AIRCRAFT 187,312 4,206 9,286 28,236 109,619 14,261 5,361 3,225 424 1,118 889 125 3,838 6,718 (7.0%) (10.0%) (4.4%) (3.4%) (1.2%) (5.5%) (4.4%) (12.0%) (28.8%) (19.0%) (22.2%) (63.9%) (8.2%) (7.9%) * Standard error greater than 100% NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures.

8-4 TABLE 8.2 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT BY AIRCRAFT TYPE 1987 - 1996 (Percent Standard error is shown in parenthesis) 1990 1989 1988 1987 Aircraft Type 1996 1995 1/ 1994 1/ 1993 1/ 1992 1/ 1991 1/ (000) (000) (000) (000) FIXED-WING 160,577 157,690 150,158 156,936 171,671 182,585 184.5 190.8 183.8 190.5 (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.5%) (0.5%) (0.6%) (0.5%) Piston 150,980 148,709 142,152 149,156 162,881 173,518 175.2 180.8 175.0 181.5 (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.8%) (0.8%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.6%) (0.5%) (0.6%) (0.5%) One Engine 135,244 133,357 127,351 133,516 144,837 152,836 154.0 158.9 153.7 159.7 (0.7%) (0.8%) (0.8%) (0.8%) (0.8%) (0.8%) (0.6%) (0.6%) (0.6%) (0.6%) Two Engine 15,678 15,315 14,750 15,626 17,966 20,551 21.1 21.8 21.2 21.7 (2.4%) (2.1%) (2.3%) (2.1%) (1.7%) (1.7%) (1.3%) (1.2%) (1.4%) (1.3%) Other Piston 57 37 51 14 77 131 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 (47.4%) (76.0%) (48.8%) (40.7%) (17.7%) (22.2%) (30.0%) (33.8%) (21.7%) (25.0%) Turboprop 5,309 4,540 4,092 4,116 4,786 4,941 5.3 5.9 4.9 4.9 (2.5%) (3.7%) (7.0%) 3.3 (3.1%) (2.7%) (1.8%) (1.5%) (1.7%) (1.9%) One Engine 682 659 481 650 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (6.0%) (6.2%) (5.0%) (6.8%) Two Engine 4,551 3,855 3,605 3,443 4,187 4,415 4.9 5.7 4.7 4.7 (2.8%) (4.3%) (3.7%) (3.8%) (3.5%) (3.0%) (1.8%) (1.5%) (1.8%) (1.9%) Other Turboprop 75 26 7 24 599 526 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 (24.0%) (45.8%) * (41.0%) (3.0%) (2.4%) (7.0%) (14.2%) (7.1%) (8.9%) Turbojet 4,287 4,441 3,914 3,663 4,004 4,126 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0 (2.3%) (2.5%) (2.2%) (2.8%) (2.4%) (2.0%) (2.0%) (1.5%) (2.0%) (1.5%) Two Engine 3,971 3,963 3,652 3,426 3,738 3,863 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 (2.5%) (2.5%) (2.1%) (2.9%) (2.3%) (1.9%) (2.0%) (1.4%) (2.1%) (1.6%) Other Turbojet 315 478 262 237 266 263 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 (6.3%) (14.6%) (15.1%) (11.8%) (15.3%) (14.4%) (8.2%) (8.2%) (5.5%) (5.0%) ROTORCRAFT 6,391 5,638 4,728 4,721 5,979 6,238 6.9 7.0 6.0 5.9 (3.3%) (4.4%) (5.1%) (3.4%) (3.8%) (3.5%) (3.0%) (0.6%) (3.6%) (3.2%) Piston 2,415 1,808 1,627 1,846 2,348 2,390 3.2 3.0 2.4 2.6 (6.3%) (9.2%) (10.3%) (6.3%) (7.7%) (7.6%) (5.3%) (1.2%) (7.9%) (5.0%) Turbine-total 3,976 3,830 3,101 2,875 3,631 3,848 3.7 4.0 3.6 3.3 (3.8%) (5.0%) (5.8%) (4.0%) (3.9%) (2.9%) (3.1%) (0.4%) (2.7%) (4.2%) One Engine 3,329 3,125 2,485 2,246 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (4.1%) (6.3%) (7.3%) (5.0%) Multi-engine 646 705 616 629 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (9.0%) (5.9%) (6.9%) (5.3%) OTHER AIRCRAFT 4,144 4,511 5,906 5037 8,000 8,051 6.6 7.2 6.4 6.3 (5.5%) (3.8%) (4.9%) (1.9%) (1.9%) (2.9%) (3.0%) (2.4%) (4.1%) (3.4%) Gliders 1,882 2,135 2,976 1,814 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (4.5%) (4.9%) (6.4%) (6.9%) Lighter-than-Air 2,261 2,376 2,931 3,223 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (9.4%) (5.2%) (7.2%) (5.7%) EXPERIMENTAL 16,198 14,766 12,144 10,426 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (4.1%) (3.3%) (3.9%) Amateur Built 11,231 9,145 8,833 6,171 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (5.6%) (4.6%) (4.9%) (5.9%) Exhibition 2,057 2,118 637 1,868 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (8.6%) (7.8%) (16.8%) (7.4%) Other 2,909 3,503 2,674 2,387 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (4.2%) (3.5%) (5.4%) (5.0%) ALL AIRCRAFT 187,312 182,605 172,935 177,120 185,650 196,874 198.0 205.0 196.2 202.7 (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.7%) (0.5%) (0.5%) (0.5%) (0.5%) NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures. Beginning in 1993, commuters were excluded 1993 New Aircraft Types: Prior to 1993, single engine turboprops were included in "Other turboprops", single and multiengine turbine rotorcraft were not shown separately; gliders and lighter-than-air aircraft were combined into the "Other" category. Experimental aircraft were included in the appropriate aircraft type. For example, prior to 1993 the single engine piston aircraft type included both experimental and non experimental aircraft. Starting in 1993 that aircraft type includes only the non experimental. 1 Numbers revised to reflect new information on survey nonrespondents. * Standard error greater than 100%

8-5 Table 8.3 Active General Aviation Aircraft by Primary Use 1987 - 1996 (Aircraft in Thousands)

Use Category 1996 1995 1/ 1994 1/ 1993 1/ 1992 1/ 1991 1/ 1990 1989 1988 1987 Public 4.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Corporate 9.3 9.8 9.4 9.9 9.4 9.8 10.1 11.5 10.2 11.1 Business 28.2 26.2 26.5 28.6 29.0 31.2 33.1 35.0 32.6 37.3 Personal 109.6 109.3 102.5 104.9 109.6 114.4 112.6 116.4 114.4 115.3 Instructional 14.3 14.8 15.0 14.5 16.1 17.8 18.6 16.6 15.6 14.7 Aerial Application 5.4 5.1 4.3 5.0 5.1 6.9 6.2 6.6 6.6 6.1 Aerial Observation 3.2 4.7 5.1 4.5 5.7 5.0 4.9 5.4 4.4 4.5 External Load 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Work 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.7 1.5 Sight Seeing 0.9 0.9 1.3 1.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Tours 0.1 0.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Taxi 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.5 4.6 5.4 5.8 6.6 6.0 5.8 Other 6.7 6.3 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.9 4.1 3.6 3.8 5.5 Sub Total 187.3 182.6 172.9 177.1 185.7 196.9 196.8 203.7 195.3 201.8 Commuter Air Taxi N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.3 0.9 0.9 All Aircraft 187.3 182.6 172.9 177.1 186.5 197.6 198.0 205.0 196.2 202.7 NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures. 1993 Use Categories Changes: Beginning in 1993, Commuters were excluded from the survey. External Load and Sight Seeing were created as separate categories. Prior to 1993 they were included in one of the other nine categories as appropriate. Beginning in 1995 Sight Seeing is divided into Sight Seeing under 14 CFR 91 (general aviation) and 14 CFR 135 (air taxi). 1 Numbers revised to reflect new information on survey nonrespondents.

8-6 TABLE 8.4 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT TOTAL HOURS FLOWN, BY AIRCRAFT TYPE AND ACTUAL USE 1996 Excludes Commuters (Percent standard error is shown is parenthesis)

Aerial Aerial Instruc- Applica- Observa- External Other Sight Air Air Aircraft Type Total Public Corporate Business Personal tional tion tion Load Work Seeing Tours Taxi Other FIXED-WING 22,719,550 587,233 2,289,358 3,012,764 8,081,334 4,223,304 1,588,928 686,151 172 224,975 95,088 27,939 1,400,523 501,772 (2.4%) (13.8%) (5.4%) (4.4%) (4.3%) (8.0%) (6.2%) (20.7%) * (23.8%) (42.2%) (97.8%) (9.2%) (14.5%) Piston 19,691,900 427,678 498,242 2,844,706 8,009,485 4,189,694 1,389,089 667,901 172 188,101 95,088 27,939 896,394 457,399 (2.7%) (16.4%) (14.3%) (4.5%) (4.4%) (8.1%) (6.8%) (21.1%) * (26.2%) (42.2%) (97.8%) (13.5%) (15.1%) One Engine 17,156,396 370,291 185,981 2,255,922 7,513,084 3,921,643 1,365,449 614,188 172 187,134 89,918 25,643 234,382 392,577 (3.0%) (18.6%) (20.8%) (5.2%) (4.6%) (8.5%) (6.8%) (22.6%) * (26.3%) (44.1%) * (35.2%) (16.9%) Two Engine 2,523,167 57,386 310,635 588,783 496,043 267,558 20,857 53,713 0 967 5,169 2,295 657,611 62,142 (5.1%) (27.4%) (19.8%) (8.4%) (7.5%) (18.2%) (46.1%) (30.9%) (0.0%) * * * (13.4%) (26.5%) Other Piston 12,337 0 1,625 0 356 492 2,782 0 0 0 0 0 4,400 2,679 (57.5%) (0.0%) (95.5%) (0.0%) (82.1%) * (92.2%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (92.2%) * Turboprop 1,564,215 130,721 633,946 128,699 56,329 21,487 199,838 18,249 0 36,873 0 0 321,383 16,685 (4.8%) (25.1%) (8.2%) (19.0%) (27.4%) (60.9%) (9.0%) (83.4%) (0.0%) (61.4%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (14.4%) (76.7%) One Engine 300,090 4,744 14,137 15,366 9,376 3,971 178,273 5,581 0 7,837 0 0 56,184 4,618 (10.2%) * (54.0%) (30.6%) (54.2%) (61.6%) (9.0%) * (0.0%) (91.7%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (41.4%) * Two Engine 1,243,572 125,977 619,809 113,332 46,953 16,703 1,825 12,668 0 29,037 0 0 265,198 12,067 (5.5%) (25.7%) (8.3%) (21.5%) (30.8%) (79.3%) * (97.7%) (0.0%) (71.3%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (15.8%) (92.7%) Other Turboprop 20,553 0 0 0 0 812 19,740 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (30.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (21.4%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) Turbojet 1,463,433 28,833 1,157,168 39,359 15,518 12,121 0 0 0 0 0 0 182,744 27,686 (5.0%) (49.5%) (5.7%) (35.7%) (50.3%) (78.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (21.3%) (65.0%) Two Engine 1,355,034 27,459 1,074,821 39,292 15,518 12,121 0 0 0 0 0 0 182,744 3,075 (5.2%) (54.3%) (6.1%) (35.8%) (50.3%) (78.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (21.3%) (66.7%) Other Turbojet 108,399 1,373 82,347 66 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24,611 (17.5%) (84.2%) (10.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (74.5%)

8-7 TABLE 8.4 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT TOTAL HOURS FLOWN, BY AIRCRAFT TYPE AND ACTUAL USE 1996 Excludes Commuters (Percent standard error is shown is parenthesis)

Aerial Aerial Instruc- Applica- Observa- External Other Sight Air Air Aircraft Type Total Public Corporate Business Personal tional tion tion Load Work Seeing Tours Taxi Other ROTORCRAFT 2,025,982 420,674 344,459 56,633 27,634 138,484 113,284 333,027 176,177 29,110 76,571 41,486 235,940 32,497 (9.8%) (21.0%) (25.9%) (37.1%) (29.8%) (33.0%) (33.2%) (34.6%) (38.2%) (58.9%) (61.6%) * (31.9%) (59.6%) Piston 573,823 55,013 4,090 13,384 16,385 100,536 61,218 259,531 5,582 17,555 15,759 0 5,013 19,751 (21.9%) (36.2%) * (46.2%) (34.9%) (30.1%) (37.3%) (42.5%) * (57.5%) (74.1%) (0.0%) * (83.8%) Turbine-total 1,452,159 365,661 340,368 43,248 11,248 37,947 52,066 73,496 170,595 11,554 60,812 41,486 230,926 12,746 (10.6%) (24.1%) (26.2%) (52.5%) (63.0%) * (62.1%) (46.5%) (40.0%) * (98.0%) * (32.7%) (76.0%) One Engine 1,201,911 332,595 257,529 42,275 10,989 37,614 46,670 71,685 162,816 11,282 58,176 41,486 127,487 1,301 (12.3%) (26.1%) (32.2%) (56.5%) (66.4%) * (67.4%) (47.4%) (41.7%) * * * (54.2%) * Multi-engine 250,248 33,066 82,838 973 259 332 5,395 1,810 7,779 272 2,635 0 103,439 11,445 (14.8%) (32.9%) (31.3%) (93.8%) * * (97.8%) * * * * (0.0%) (25.1%) (73.2%) OTHER AIRCRAFT 216,846 4,924 17,079 581 122,987 44,234 0 137 0 3,607 11,397 310 1 11,584 (15.5%) (94.6%) * (77.0%) (8.8%) (39.7%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (68.3%) (39.9%) * * (30.4%) Gliders 143,864 4,922 0 136 84,592 42,750 0 0 0 64 3,273 119 0 8,005 (17.1%) (94.8%) (0.0%) * (11.9%) (43.6%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * * * (0.0%) (38.9%) Lighter-than-Air 72,982 2 17,079 444 38,395 1,484 0 137 0 3,543 8,124 190 1 3,578 (31.4%) * * (85.4%) (9.3%) (59.8%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (69.8%) (38.0%) * * (44.5%) EXPERIMENTAL 1,137,135 8,222 66,967 81,770 661,327 19,411 84,939 16,298 26,466 4,072 3,098 0 66,331 98,228 (6.7%) (51.8%) (22.3%) (22.5%) (7.0%) (41.8%) (50.9%) (42.7%) (82.3%) * (96.3%) (0.0%) (34.4%) (21.4%) Amateur Built 503,513 0 0 27,311 435,286 4,241 0 196 0 0 2,581 0 0 33,895 (9.8%) (51.8%) (22.3%) (22.5%) (7.0%) (41.8%) (50.9%) (42.7%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (38.9%) Exhibition 189,215 0 0 13,041 124,317 852 0 0 0 0 358 0 0 50,646 (13.2%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (53.9%) (17.0%) (86.1%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) (0.0%) * (0.0%) (0.0%) (29.8%) Other 444,407 8,222 66,967 41,417 101,723 14,318 84,939 16,102 26,466 4,072 158 0 66,331 13,685 (11.6%) (51.8%) (22.3%) (20.4%) (10.9%) (49.6%) (50.9%) (39.1%) (82.3%) * * (0.0%) (34.4%) (72.5%) ALL AIRCRAFT 26,099,514 1,021,054 2,717,864 3,151,749 8,893,285 4,425,434 1,787,153 1,035,615 202,817 261,766 186,155 69,736 1,702,796 644,081 (2.3%) (11.3%) (5.4%) (4.3%) (4.0%) (7.7%) (6.6%) (16.9%) (34.5%) (21.1%) (27.1%) (65.3%) (9.2%) (11.9%) * Standard error greater than 100% NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures.

8-8 TABLE 8.5 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT TOTAL HOURS FLOWN, BY AIRCRAFT TYPE 1987 - 1996 (Hours in Thousands) (Percent Standard Error is shown in parenthesis)

Aircraft Type 1996 1995 1/ 1994 1/ 1993 1/ 1992 1/ 1991 1/ 1990 1989 1988 1987 FIXED-WING 22,720 22,240 21,203 21,634 24,075 2,617 29,546 29,327 28,040 28,391 (2.4%) (2.1%) (1.9%) (1.9%) (1.7%) (1.9%) (1.8%) (1.7%) (1.8%) (1.7%) Piston 19,692 19,451 18,823 19,321 21,417 23,919 25,832 24,907 24,291 24,969 (2.7%) (2.3%) (2.1%) (2.1%) (1.9%) (2.1%) (2.0%) (1.9%) (2.0%) (1.9%) One Engine 17,156 17,135 16,404 17,010 18,435 20,608 21,883 20,600 20,326 20,446 (3.0%) (2.6%) (2.4%) (2.4%) (2.1%) (2.3%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.0%) Two Engine 2,523 2,312 2,408 2,309 2,976 3,301 3,897 4,292 3,943 4,509 (5.1%) (4.6%) (4.6%) (3.9%) (3.9%) (4.1%) (3.8%) (3.3%) (4.1%) (5.2%) Other Piston 12 5 11 1 7 10 53 16 20 14 (57.5%) * (52.4%) (42.8%) (22.6%) (33.5%) (48.7%) (67.3%) (44.5%) (33.3%) Turboprop 1,564 1,447 1,142 1,192 1,582 1,628 2,319 2,892 2,195 2,010 (4.8%) (7.3%) (5.4%) (5.6%) (5.7%) (5.3%) (6.4%) (5.0%) (5.0%) (5.0%) One Engine 300 286 203 250 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (10.2%) (9.6%) (8.9%) (11.3%) Two Engine 1,244 1,147 939 938 1,332 1,471 2,162 2,776 2,117 1,841 (5.5%) (8.9%) (6.3%) (6.4%) (6.5%) (5.8%) (6.8%) (5.2%) (5.1%) (5.0%) Other Turboprop 21 15 0 3 249 156 157 116 78 169 (30.1%) (55.1%) (151.2%) (42.6%) (10.2%) (12.8%) (10.9%) (16.6%) (14.9%) (24.6%) Turbojet 1,463 1,342 1,238 1,121 1,076 1,071 1,396 1,527 1,554 1,411 (5.0%) (5.1%) (3.8%) (4.7%) (4.2%) (4.5%) (4.1%) (3.7%) (4.4%) (3.9%) Two Engine 1,355 1,244 1,172 1,070 1,018 1,008 1,279 1,424 1,434 1,312 (5.2%) (5.3%) (3.9%) (4.8%) (4.3%) (4.7%) (4.3%) (3.9%) (4.7%) (4.2%) Other Turbojet 108 98 66 51 58 62 117 103 120 99 (17.4%) (17.2%) (18.6%) (15.5%) (16.4%) (15.1%) (12.2%) (12.2%) (10.9%) (10.3%) ROTORCRAFT 2,026 1,925 1,777 1,699 2,264 2,763 2,209 2,610 2,507 2,108 (9.8%) (8.6%) (9.3%) (6.3%) (6.6%) (7.5%) (5.9%) (0.9%) (6.5%) (7.4%) Piston 574 333 369 391 423 549 716 692 533 602 (21.9%) (13.0%) (12.4%) (8.7%) (12.4%) (12.0%) (10.2%) (2.1%) (11.6%) (9.2%) Turbine-total 1,452 1,591 1,408 1,308 1,842 2,214 1,493 1,918 1,974 1,506 (10.6%) (9.8%) (11.0%) (7.6%) (7.6%) (9.0%) (7.2%) (0.9%) (7.6%) (9.6%) One Engine 1,202 1,207 1,049 992 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (12.4%) (12.3%) (13.7%) (9.5%) Multi-engine 250 385 359 316 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (14.8%) (14.1%) (17.3%) (10.8%) OTHER AIRCRAFT 217 258 388 338 407 483 341 396 568 384 (15.5%) (10.7%) (13.4%) (6.0%) (8.9%) (7.0%) (7.4%) (24.2%) (6.0%) Gliders 144 173 291 161 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (17.1%) (15.7%) (18.3%) (17.1%) Lighter-than-Air 73 85 97 177 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (31.4%) (13.5%) (12.3%) (30.2%) EXPERIMENTAL 1,137 1,244 724 785 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (6.7%) (8.3%) (6.3%) Amateur Built 504 510 391 277 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (9.8%) (9.2%) (7.9%) (9.0%) Exhibition 189 240 44 170 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (13.2%) (18.6%) (26.5%) (18.2%) Other 444 494 289 338 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (11.6%) (16.8%) (11.1%) (15.0%) ALL AIRCRAFT 26,100 25,667 24,092 24,455 26,747 29,862 32,096 32,332 31,114 30,883 (2.3%) (2.0%) (1.9%) (1.8%) (1.6%) (1.8%) (1.7%) (1.6%) (1.7%) (1.7%) NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures. Beginning in 1993, commuters were excluded 1993 New Aircraft Types: Prior to 1993, single engine turboprops were included in "Other turboprops", single and multiengine turbine rotorcraft were not shown separately; gliders and lighter-than-air aircraft were combined into the "Other" category. Experimental aircraft were included in the appropriate aircraft type. For example, prior to 1993 the single engine piston aircraft type included both experimental and non experimental aircraft. Starting in 1993 that aircraft type includes only the non experimental. 1 Numbers revised to reflect new information on survey nonrespondents. * Standard error greater than 100%

8-9 Table 8.6 Active General Aviation Aircraft Total Hours Flown by Use 1987 - 1996 (Hours in Thousands)

Use Category 1996 1995 1/ 1994 1/ 1993 1/ 1992 1/ 1991 1/ 1990 1989 1988 1987 Public 1,021 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Corporate 2,718 2,869 2,486 2,653 2,251 2,486 2,913 3,453 3,472 3,143 Business 3,152 3,191 3,012 3,350 3,483 4,063 4,417 4,330 4,594 5,276 Personal 8,893 9,320 8,248 8,202 8,682 9,664 9,276 9,537 10,015 9,961 Instructional 4,425 4,106 4,382 4,626 5,485 6,160 7,244 5,993 4,917 4,529 Aerial Application 1,787 1,557 1,364 1,283 1,370 1,935 1,872 1,868 1,842 1,538 Aerial Observation 1,036 1,385 1,746 1,627 1,736 1,789 1,745 1,719 1,308 1,304 External Load 203 118 135 83 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Other Work 262 268 241 180 348 476 572 517 525 350 Sight Seeing 186 206 309 325 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Tours 70 155 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Air Taxi 1,703 1,372 1,545 1,334 1,967 2,184 2,249 3,020 2,632 2,657 Other 644 1,121 622 603 364 470 475 507 774 871 Sub Total 26,100 25,667 24,092 24,455 26,747 29,862 30,763 30,940 30,078 29,628 Commuter Air Taxi N/A N/A N/A N/A 693 570 1,333 1,392 1,036 1,255 All Aircraft 26,100 25,667 24,092 24,455 27,471 30,490 32,096 32,332 31,114 30,883 NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures. 1993 Use Categories Changes: Beginning in 1993, Commuters were excluded from the survey. External Load and Sight Seeing were created as separate categories. Prior to 1993 they were included in one of the other nine categories as appropriate. Beginning in 1995 Sight Seeing is divided into Sight Seeing under 14 CFR 91 (general aviation) and 14 CFR 135 (air taxi). 1 Numbers revised to reflect new information on survey nonrespondents.

8-10 TABLE 8.7 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT AVERAGE HOURS FLOWN BY AIRCRAFT TYPE 1987 - 1996 (Percent Standard error is shown in parenthesis)

Aircraft Type 1996 1995 1/ 1994 1/ 1993 1/ 1992 1/ 1991 1/ 1990 1989 1988 1987 FIXED-WING 141.5 141.0 141.2 137.9 140.2 145.8 160.1 153.7 152.6 149.0 (2.5%) (2.1%) (1.9%) (1.9%) (1.8%) (1.9%) (1.8%) (1.7%) (1.8%) (1.7%) Piston 130.4 130.8 132.4 129.5 131.5 137.8 147.4 137.8 138.8 137.6 (2.7%) (2.3%) (2.0%) (3.1%) (2.0%) (2.0%) (1.9%) (1.9%) (1.9%) (1.8%) One Engine 126.9 128.5 128.8 127.4 127.3 134.8 142.1 129.6 132.2 128.0 (3.0%) (2.6%) (2.2%) (2.3%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.2%) (2.0%) Two Engine 160.9 150.9 163.2 147.8 165.6 160.6 184.7 196.9 186.0 207.8 (4.5%) (4.0%) (4.0%) (3.4%) (3.9%) (3.8%) (3.8%) (3.1%) (3.5%) (5.1%) Other Piston 214.7 127.9 224.5 94.7 85.5 74.3 526.4 157.0 203.8 138.5 (31.6%) (67.4%) (19.2%) (13.1%) (26.5%) (26.1%) (30.6%) (24.9%) (42.2%) (22.7%) Turboprop 294.6 318.8 279.0 289.5 330.5 329.4 437.5 490.2 448.0 410.3 (3.6%) (4.2%) (4.5%) (4.7%) (4.8%) (4.3%) (4.4%) (4.3%) (4.5%) (4.7%) One Engine 439.8 433.7 421.4 385.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (6.7%) (6.7%) (6.9%) (8.4%) Two Engine 273.2 297.6 260.5 272.4 318.2 333.2 441.2 487.0 450.5 391.8 (4.2%) (5.1%) (5.3%) (5.5%) (5.5%) (4.5%) (4.7%) (4.4%) (4.6%) (4.7%) Other Turboprop 270.6 550.1 21.7 145.1 416.1 297.4 392.5 581.8 389.0 845.0 (17.9%) (30.6%) (0.0%) (11.6%) (1.1%) (14.0%) (8.3%) (13.7%) (16.7%) (24.5%) Turbojet 341.3 302.1 316.3 306.1 268.7 259.5 340.6 372.5 398.5 352.8 (4.4%) (4.7%) (3.3%) (3.5%) (3.6%) (4.0%) (3.7%) (3.4%) (3.8%) (3.6%) Two Engine 341.1 313.9 321.0 312.3 272.2 260.9 345.7 384.9 398.3 364.5 (4.6%) (4.9%) (3.4%) (3.6%) (3.7%) (4.2%) (4.0%) (3.6%) (4.1%) (3.8%) Other Turbojet 343.5 204.8 250.1 216.4 218.6 237.7 293.2 258.6 401.4 247.0 (12.2%) (10.8%) (11.5%) (7.8%) (13.4%) (7.5%) (10.8%) (11.5%) (10.4%) (9.6%) ROTORCRAFT 317.0 341.4 375.8 359.8 378.8 442.9 320.1 372.8 417.9 357.3 (9.3%) (7.6%) (7.7%) (5.6%) (7.8%) (7.8%) (5.5%) (0.8%) (6.2%) (7.0%) Piston 237.5 184.4 226.6 211.7 180.1 229.6 223.7 230.6 222.3 231.6 (19.8%) (9.5%) (8.5%) (6.6%) (11.8%) (9.0%) (8.9%) (1.9%) (9.0%) (7.8%) Turbine-total 365.2 415.5 454.1 454.9 507.2 575.4 403.6 479.5 548.3 456.4 (10.2%) (8.9%) (9.4%) (6.8%) (9.1%) (9.6%) (6.9%) (8.0%) (7.6%) (9.5%) One Engine 361.0 386.2 422.3 441.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (12.0%) (10.9%) (11.5%) (8.0%) Multi-engine 387.1 545.8 582.4 502.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (12.9%) (12.4%) (15.1%) (9.7%) OTHER AIRCRAFT 52.3 57.3 65.8 67.2 50.9 60.0 51.6 55.0 88.7 61.0 (15.5%) (10.8%) (12.4%) (8.2%) (9.7%) (6.8%) (7.5%) (25.1%) (5.5%) Gliders 76.4 81.1 97.9 88.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (16.8%) (16.0%) (17.8%) (15.7%) Lighter-than-Air 32.3 35.8 33.1 55.0 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (32.4%) (13.5%) (10.0%) (29.6%) EXPERIMENTAL 70.2 84.2 59.6 75.3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (5.7%) (7.6%) (5.0%) Amateur Built 44.8 55.7 44.3 44.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (8.1%) (8.0%) (6.1%) (6.8%) Exhibition 92.0 113.3 68.3 90.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (10.7%) (18.0%) (22.0%) (16.6%) Other 152.7 141.1 108.2 141.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (10.7%) (17.3%) (9.2%) (14.2%) ALL AIRCRAFT 139.3 140.6 139.3 138.1 144.1 151.7 162.1 157.7 158.6 152.4 (2.3%) (2.0%) (1.7%) (1.8%) (1.8%) (1.8%) (1.7%) (1.6%) (1.7%) (1.6%) NOTE: Columns may not add to totals due to rounding and estimation procedures. Beginning in 1993, commuters were excluded 1993 New Aircraft Types: Prior to 1993, single engine turboprops were included in "Other turboprops", single and multiengine turbine rotorcraft were not shown separately; gliders and lighter-than-air aircraft were combined into the "Other" category. Experimental aircraft were included in the appropriate aircraft type. For example, prior to 1993 the single engine piston aircraft type included both experimental and non experimental aircraft. Starting in 1993 that aircraft type includes only the non experimental. 1 Numbers revised to reflect new information on survey nonrespondents. * Standard error greater than 100%

8-11 TABLE 8.8 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT AND HOURS FLOWN BY FAA REGION AND STATE OF BASED AIRCRAFT 1996 Excludes Commuters

Active Aircraft Hours Flown Average Hours Percent Percent Percent FAA Region & State Aircraft Standard Hours Standard Hours Standard Error (000) Error Error Total 187,312 0.7% 26,100 2.3% 139.3 2.3% Alaskan 5,373 8.2% 643 12.0% 119.7 10.7% Central--total 11,230 6.3% 1,459 8.1% 129.9 6.4% Iowa 2,540 13.1% 302 15.4% 118.9 10.2% Kansas 2,989 11.8% 359 14.7% 120.1 10.6% Missouri 3,903 10.5% 574 15.1% 147.0 13.6% Nebraska 1,800 14.8% 224 17.2% 124.7 10.3% Eastern--total 22,407 4.3% 3,112 6.3% 138.9 11.0% Delaware 1,775 15.0% 228 19.6% 128.4 15.1% District 26 * 10 74.0% 387.4 23.5% Maryland 2,522 12.9% 232 14.6% 92.0 9.8% New Jersey 3,510 11.0% 554 13.2% 157.9 27.1% New York 5,439 8.9% 1,010 13.9% 185.7 30.1% Pennsylvania 5,348 8.7% 596 11.4% 111.4 11.6% Virginia 2,748 12.6% 359 19.3% 130.6 13.5% West Virginia 1,040 21.4% 123 23.8% 118.3 17.9% Great Lakes--total 33,232 3.4% 4,140 4.9% 124.6 4.6% Illinois 5,897 8.7% 708 11.8% 120.0 10.8% Indiana 3,827 10.5% 441 12.9% 115.3 10.9% Michigan 6,478 8.2% 718 13.0% 110.9 8.6% Minnesota 3,912 10.4% 565 14.6% 144.5 15.6% No. Dakota 1,361 16.8% 179 19.1% 131.6 10.5% Ohio 6,377 8.0% 833 11.0% 130.6 11.8% So. Dakota 1,738 15.7% 230 18.9% 132.2 10.3% Wisconsin 4,306 9.9% 558 12.8% 129.7 12.4% New England--total 6,913 8.1% 778 9.8% 112.5 5.7% Connecticut 1,498 17.2% 215 21.5% 143.7 13.1% Maine 886 22.2% 77 27.0% 86.5 15.7% Massachusetts 2,526 13.0% 294 15.9% 116.4 8.7% New Hampshire 1,231 18.4% 113 21.9% 91.7 11.5% Rhode Island 330 37.3% 37 42.7% 112.0 19.0% Vermont 442 32.6% 42 33.0% 94.3 9.0% Northwest Mountain---Total 21,190 4.5% 2,762 6.6% 130.3 6.8% Colorado 4,310 10.0% 606 14.1% 140.7 10.6% Idaho 2,019 15.0% 255 21.5% 126.2 14.7% Montana 1,993 15.3% 192 17.3% 96.6 11.0% Oregon 4,349 9.8% 633 15.7% 145.6 13.2% Utah 1,468 18.4% 286 28.5% 194.5 32.0% Washington 6,379 8.3% 721 9.7% 113.0 8.4% Wyoming 672 27.7% 69 33.4% 102.5 16.6%

8-12 TABLE 8.8 ACTIVE GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT AND HOURS FLOWN BY FAA REGION AND STATE OF BASED AIRCRAFT 1996 Excludes Commuters

Active Aircraft Hours Flown Average Hours Percent Percent Percent FAA Region & State Aircraft Standard Hours Standard Hours Standard Error (000) Error Error Southern--Total 32,074 3.5% 4,529 4.6% 141.2 4.9% Alabama 2,784 12.9% 425 18.7% 152.8 13.3% Florida 11,398 5.9% 1,590 7.5% 139.5 10.9% Georgia 4,666 9.5% 624 11.7% 133.6 11.1% Kentucky 1,270 19.0% 160 22.3% 125.7 12.5% Mississippi 2,008 14.8% 415 18.3% 206.6 12.8% No. Carolina 4,634 9.6% 608 11.7% 131.3 10.7% Puerto Rico 142 47.2% 12,489 54.0% 88.0 12.3% So. Carolina 1,738 15.7% 230 18.9% 132.2 10.3% Tennessee 3,330 11.4% 465 13.8% 139.6 10.0% Southwest--Total 24,359 4.1% 4,146 5.4% 170.2 5.8% Arkansas 2,597 12.4% 514 14.7% 198.0 11.4% Louisiana 2,574 13.6% 627 19.9% 243.7 18.2% New Mexico 1,997 14.8% 252 20.6% 126.4 15.9% Oklahoma 3,411 11.5% 559 14.3% 163.8 19.1% Texas 13,780 5.3% 2,194 6.5% 159.2 7.3% Western-Pacific--Total 30,531 3.6% 4,531 5.4% 148.4 6.5% Arizona 4,598 9.7% 697 13.4% 151.6 11.4% California 23,093 4.1% 3,342 5.9% 144.7 8.2% Hawaii 364 34.6% 155 52.3% 426.0 18.8% Nevada 2,416 13.7% 272 19.8% 112.6 16.5% * Standard error greater than 100% NOTE: Column totals may differ from printed totals due to estimation procedures.

8-13 IX. AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS

The data presented in this chapter were obtained from the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB).

The NTSB is an independent Federal agency charged by Congress with investigating every civil aviation accident in the US and significant accidents in other modes of transportation and issuing safety recommendations aimed at preventing future accidents. The NTSB is responsible for maintaining the government’s data base on civil aviation accidents.

More detailed accident data may be obtained from:

National Transportation Safety Board 490 L’Enfant Plaza, SW Washington, DC 20594 202 382-6538

DEFINITIONS

Accident Groups

Large airlines (air carriers) in scheduled and non scheduled service operating aircraft with a seating capacity of more than 30 seats or a maximum payload capacity of more than 7,500 pounds carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation under 14 CFR 121.

Commuter carriers in scheduled service operating small aircraft(30 seats or less) carrying passengers for hire or compensation performing at least five scheduled round trips per week or carries cargo/mail. under 14 CFR 135.

“On-demand” air taxis in unscheduled service operating small aircraft (30 seats or less) carrying passengers or cargo for hire or compensation excluding commuter air carrier under 14 CFR 135.

General aviation--all other civil flying.

Aircraft Accident --an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until such time as all such persons have disembarked, and in which any person suffers a fatal injury or serious injury as a result of being in or upon the aircraft or by direct contact with the aircraft or anything attached to the aircraft, or in which the aircraft receives substantial damage.

Fatal Injury --any in jury which results in death within 30 days of the accident.

Serious Injury -- any injury which (1) requires hospitalization for more than 48 hours, beginning within 7 days from the date when the injury was received; (2) results in a fracture of any bone; (3) involves lacerations which cause severe hemorrhages, nerve, muscle, or tendon damage; (4) involves injury to any internal organ; and, (5) involves second- or third- degree burns, or any burns affecting more than 5 percent of the body surface.

Substantial Damage -- damage or structural failure which adversely affects the structural strength, performance or flight characteristics of the aircraft and which would normally require major repair or replacement of the affected component.

These definitions only apply to this chapter.

9-1 Table 9.1 AIR CARRIER and GENERAL AVIATION Aircraft Accidents and Fatalities ' (Preliminary Data) 1996

Air Carrier and General Aviation Operations Number of Accidents Number of Total Fatal Fatalities Air Carriers Air Carriers Operating Under 14 CFR 121 1/ Scheduled 32 3 342 Nonscheduled 6 2 38 Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 135 Scheduled 2/ 11 1 14 Nonscheduled 3/ 87 27 59 General Aviation 4/ 1,907 358 631 1/ Airlines 2/ Commuters 3/ On-Demand Taxis 4/ Includes accidents involving aircraft flown under rules other than CFR 121 and CFR 135. Source: National Transportation Safety Board.

TABLE 9.2 AIRLINES (Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 121) Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates (Preliminary Data) 1996

Scheduled Nonscheduled Accidents Total 32 6 Fatal 3 2 Fatalities 342 38 Aircraft Hours Flown (000) 1/ 12,900 783,000 Departures (000) 1/ 8,185 369,000 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Hours Flown Total 0.25 0.77 Fatal 0.02 0.26 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Departures Total 0.39 1.63 Fatal 0.04 0.54 1/ Exposure data estimate source: Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). Source: National Transportation Safety Board.

9-2 TABLE 9.3 AIRLINES (Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 121) Fatal Accidents, Fatalities (Preliminary Data) 1996

Location Operator Date Service Aircraft Fatalities Total Reported Type of Accident Type Total Psgr Crew Others Onboard SCHEDULED SERVICE Miami, FL Valujet 5/11 Psgr DC-9-32 110 105 5 0 110 In flight fire. Uncontrolled descent.

Pensacola, FL Delta Air Lines 7/6 Psgr MD-88 2 2 0 0 147 Uncontained engine failure.

East Moriches, NY Trans World Airways 7/17 Psgr B-747 230 212 18 0 230 In flight explosion.

NONSCHEDULED SERVICE Russian Mission, AK Northern Air Cargo 7/20 Cargo DC-6 4 0 4 0 4 In flight fire and wing failure.

9-3 TABLE 9.4 AIRLINES: SCHEDULED and NONSCHEDULED SERVICE 1/ Accidents, Fatalities and Rates (U.S. Air Carriers Operating Under 14 CFR 121) 1987-1996

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 4/ 1996 5/ Accidents Total 34 29 28 24 26 18 23 23 36 38 Fatal 5 3 11 6 4 4 1 4 3 5 Total Fatalities 232 285 278 39 62 6/ 33 1 239 168 380 Aircraft Hours Flown (000) 2/ 10,645 11,141 11,275 12,150 11,781 12,360 12,706 13,122 13,513 13,683 Aircraft Miles Flown (000,000) 2/ 4,361 4,503 4,605 4,948 4,825 5,055 5,249 5,478 5,649 5,762 Departures (000) 2/ 7,601 7,716 7,645 8,092 7,815 7,881 8,074 8,243 8,452 8,554 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Hours Flown Total 0.31 0.25 0.25 0.20 0.22 0.15 0.18 0.17 0.27 0.28 Fatal 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 Accident Rate Per Million Miles Flown Total 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 3/ 0.01 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.01 0.01 Fatal 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ Accident Rate Per 100,000 Departures Total 0.43 0.36 0.37 0.30 0.33 0.23 0.29 0.27 0.43 0.44 Fatal 0.05 0.03 0.14 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.04 0.06 1/ Includes accidents involving deregulated all-cargo air carriers and commercial operators of large aircraft when those accidents occurred during scheduled 14 CFR 121 operations. 2/ Exposure data estimate source: Research and Special Programs Administration. 3/ Rounds to 0.00. 4/ Revised. 5/ Preliminary. 6/ The 62 total fatilities in 1991 includes 12 persons killed aboard a Skywest commuter aircraft and the 22 persons killed aboard the USAir airliner when the two aircraft collided. Source: National Transportation Safety Board NOTE: The following suicide/sabotage cases are included in "Accidents" and Fatalities" but not in "Accident Rates":

Fatilities Year Location Operator Total Aboard

1987 San Luis Obispa, CA Pacific Southwest 43 43 1988 Lockerbie, Scotland Pan American 270 259 1994 Memphis, TN Federal Express 0 0

9-4 TABLE 9.5 AIRLINES: SCHEDULED SERVICE 1/ Accidents, Fatalities and Rates (U.S. Air Carriers Operating Under 14 CFR 121) 1987-1996

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 4/ 1996 5/ Accidents Total 32 28 24 22 25 16 22 19 34 32 Fatal 4 3 8 6 4 4 1 4 2 3 Total Fatalities 231 285 131 39 62 6/ 33 1 239 166 342 Aircraft Hours Flown (000) 2/ 10,115 10,521 10,598 11,525 11,139 11,732 11,981 12,292 12,770 12,900 Aircraft Miles Flown (000,000) 2/ 4,126 4,261 4,337 4,689 4,559 4,783 4,936 5,113 5,326 5,419 Departures (000) 2/ 7,293 7,348 7,267 7,796 7,504 7,515 7,722 7,825 8,102 8,185 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Hours Flown Total 0.31 0.26 0.23 0.19 0.22 0.14 0.18 0.15 0.27 0.25 Fatal 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.02 Accident Rate Per Million Miles Flown Total 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 3/ 0.01 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.01 0.01 Fatal 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ 0.00 3/ Accident Rate Per 100,000 Departures Total 0.43 0.37 0.33 0.28 0.33 0.21 0.29 0.23 0.42 0.40 Fatal 0.04 0.03 0.11 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.04 1/ Includes accidents involving deregulated all-cargo air carriers and commercial operators of large aircraft when those accidents occurred during scheduled 14 CFR 121 operations. 2 Exposure data estimate source: Research and Special Programs Administration. 3/ Rounds to 0.00. 4/ Revised. 5/ Preliminary. 6/ Includes 12 persons killed on a Skywest commuter aircraft and 22 persons killed on an USAir airliner when the two aircraft collided. Source: National Transportation Safety Board NOTE: The following suicide/sabotage cases are included in "Accidents" and Fatalities" but not in "Accident Rates":

Date Location Operator Total Aboard

12/07/87 San Luis Obispo, CA Pacific Southwest 43 43 12/21/88 Lockerbie, Scotland Pan American 270 259 04/07/94 Memphis, TN Federal Express 0 0

9-5 TABLE 9.6 AIRLINES: NONSCHEDULED SERVICE 1/ Accidents, Fatalities and Rates (U.S. Air Carriers Operating Under 14 CFR 121) 1987 - 1996

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 3/ 1996 4/ Accidents Total 2 1 4 2 1 2 1 4 2 6 Fatal 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 Total Fatalities 1 0 147 0 0 0 0 0 2 38 Aircraft Hours Flown (000) 1/ 530 619 677 625 641 628 725 830 743 783 Aircraft Miles Flown (000,000) 1/ 235 243 268 259 266 272 313 365 322 343 Departures (000)1 308 388 378 297 311 365 352 418 349 369 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Hours Flown Total 0.38 0.16 0.59 0.32 0.16 0.32 0.14 0.48 0.27 0.77 Fatal 0.19 0.00 5/ 0.44 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.14 0.26 Accident Rate Per Million Miles Flown Total 0.01 0.00 5/ 0.01 0.01 0.00 5/ 0.01 0.00 5/ 0.01 0.01 0.02 Fatal 0.00 0.00 5/ 0.01 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.01 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Departures Total 0.65 0.27 1.06 0.68 0.32 0.55 0.28 0.96 0.57 1.63 Fatal 0.32 0.00 5/ 0.80 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.00 5/ 0.29 0.54 1/ Includes accidents involving deregulated all-cargo air carriers and commercial operators of large aircraft when those accidents occurred during scheduled 14 CFR 121 operations. 2/ Exposure data estimate source: Research and Special Programs Administration. 3/ Revised. 4/ Preliminary. 5/ Rounds to 0.00.

9-6 TABLE 9.7 COMMUTER AIR CARRIERS (Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 135) Fatal Accidents, Fatalities (Preliminary Data) 1996

Location Operator Date Service Aircraft Fatalities Total Reported Type of Accident Type Total Psgr Crew Others Onboard

Quincy, IL Great Lakes Aviation 19-Nov Psgr Beech 1900C 14 10 2 2 12 Collision with a general aviation aircraft at a runway intersection.

Source: National Transportation Safety Board

9-7 TABLE 9.8 COMMUTER AIR CARRIERS (U.S. Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 135) 1/ Aircraft Accidents, Fatalities and Rates 1987-1996

1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 4/ 1996 5/ Accidents Total 33 19 19 16 22 23 16 10 11 11 Fatal 10 2 5 4 8 7 4 3 2 1 Fatalities 59 21 31 7 99 6/ 21 24 25 9 14 Aircraft Hours Flown (000) 2/ 1,946 2,093 2,241 2,342 2,292 2,364 2,641 2,788 2,479 2,474 Aircraft Miles Flown (000,000) 2/ 351 380 394 450 434 508 555 595 566 609 Departures (000) 2/ 2,810 2,909 2,819 3,160 2,820 3,115 3,602 3,850 3,217 3,171 Accident Rate Per 100,000 Hours Flown 3/ Total 1.70 0.91 0.85 0.68 0.96 0.93 0.61 0.36 0.44 0.45 Fatal 0.51 0.10 0.22 0.17 0.35 0.30 0.15 0.11 0.08 0.04 Accident Rate Per Million Miles Flown 3/ Total 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 Fatal 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 7/ 0.00 7/ Accident Rate Per 100,000 Departures 3/ Total 1.17 0.65 0.67 0.51 0.78 0.71 0.44 0.26 0.34 0.35 Fatal 0.36 0.07 0.18 0.13 0.28 0.23 0.11 0.08 0.06 0.03 1/ Includes accidents involving deregulated all-cargo air carriers and commercial operators of large aircraft when those accidents occurred during scheduled 14 CFR 135 operations. 2/ Exposure data estimate source: Federal Aviation Administration. 3/ Rates are based on all accidents including some involving operators not reporting to RSPA. 4/ Revised. 5/ Preliminary. 6/ One suicide case is included in "Accidents" but not in "Accident Rates". 7/ Rounds to 0.00. Source: National Transportation Safety Board

9-8 TABLE 9.9 ON-DEMAND AIR TAXIS (U.S. Air Carriers Operating under 14 CFR 135) Aircraft Accidents, Fatalities and Rates 1987 - 1996

Accident Rate Per 100,000 Number of Accidents Aircraft Aircraft Hours Total Hours Flown 1/ Total Fatal Year Total Fatal Fatalities (000) Accidents Accidents 1987 96 30 65 2,657 3.61 1.13 1988 101 28 59 2,632 3.84 1.06 1989 110 25 83 3,020 3.64 0.83 1990 106 28 50 2,249 4.71 1.24 1991 87 27 70 2,241 3.88 1.20 1992 76 24 68 2,009 3.78 1.19 1993 69 19 42 1,809 3.81 1.05 1994 85 26 63 1,993 4.26 1.30 1995 75 24 52 1,910 3.93 1.26 1996 2/ 87 27 59 1,902 4.57 1.42 1/ Exposure data estimate from FAA. 2/ Preliminary Figures from 1987 through 1995 have been revised. Source: National Transportation Safety Board.

TABLE 9.10 U.S. GENERAL AVIATION FLYING (All Operations other than those Operating under 14 CFR 121 or 14 CFR 135) Aircraft Accidents, Fatalities, and Rates 1987-1996

Accident Rate Per Aircraft 100,000 Aircraft Number of Accidents Total Hours Flown Hours Year Total Fatal Fatalities (000) Total Fatal 1987 2,495 447 838 26,972 9.25 1.65 1988 2,385 460 800 27,446 8.69 1.68 1989 2,232 431 768 27,920 7.98 1.53 1990 2,215 442 766 28,510 7.77 1.55 1991 2,175 432 786 27,226 7.98 1.58 1992 2,073 446 857 23,792 8.71 1.87 1993 2,039 398 736 22,531 9.05 1.76 1994 1,994 404 730 21,873 9.11 1.84 1995 2,054 411 733 23,538 8.72 1.74 1996 1,907 358 631 23,650 8.06 1.51 Figures from 1987 through 1995 have been revised. Suicide/sabotage cases included in "Accidents" and "Fatalities" but excluded from accident rates in this table are: Total - 1987 (1, 1 fatal); 1988 (1); 1989 (5, 4 fatal); 1990 (1); 1991 (3, 2 fata)l; 1992 (1, 1 fatal); 1993 (1, 1 fatal); 1994 (2, 2 fatal); 1995 (2, 1 fatal). Effective in April 1995, the NTSB is required by law to investigate all public use accidents. The effect upon the number of general aviation accidents is an increase of approximately l l/2 percent. All 1996 figures are preliminary. Source: National Transportation Safety Board.

9-9 X. AERONAUTICAL PRODUCTION AND IMPORTS/EXPORTS

The aircraft production information presented in this chapter was obtained from the Bureau of Census: Complete Aircraft Plant Report (Form M37G). The shipment data shows the number of civil aircraft shipped by the United States manufacturers and includes both aircraft shipped within the United States and those exported.

Import and Export data were obtained from the Aerospace Industries Association of America, Inc. and were based on Bureau of Census data from special monthly compilations of Annual Reports 246 and 446 respectively.

10-1 TABLE 10.1 TOTAL CIVIL AIRCRAFT PRODUCTION, AND COST CALENDAR YEARS 1986 - 1996 Value Average Complete Aircraft Cost Number Complete Fixed Rotor Calendar of Aircraft Total Wing Craft Other Year Aircraft ($000) ($000) ($000) ($000) ($000) 1986 2,888 12,517,992 4,334 NA NA NA 1987 2,319 12,491,743 5,387 NA NA NA 1988 2,681 16,019,855 5,975 NA NA NA 1989 3,129 17,467,335 5,582 NA NA NA 1990 2,785 24,864,289 8,928 NA NA NA 1991 2,867 29,780,358 10,387 NA NA NA 1992 2,517 31,733,026 12,607 20,583 465 20 1993 3,189 26,843,066 8,417 18,865 417 12 1994 3,852 20,665,569 5,365 14,406 371 11 1995 4,461 19,084,250 4,278 12,455 605 11 1996 5,633 21,363,323 3,793 12,831 537 7 NOTE: Other includes balloons, dirigibles, airships, gliders, sailplanes, and aircraft sold in kits (except hand gliders). Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Industry Division.

10-2 TABLE 10.2 NUMBER OF SHIPMENTS OF COMPLETE CIVIL AIRCRAFT 1986 - 1996

Item 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 Total 5,633 4,461 3,852 3,189 2,417 2,867 2,785 3,129 2,681 2,319 2,888 Fixed Wing 1,649 1,517 1,424 1,416 1,539 1,598 1,759 2,014 1,734 1,516 1,858 Rotorcraft 334 264 351 269 308 574 582 603 517 360 493 Other 3,650 2,680 2,077 1,504 570 695 444 512 430 443 537 NOTE: Other includes balloons, dirigibles, airships, gliders, sailplanes, and aircraft sold in kits (except hang gliders).

10-3 TABLE 10.3 NUMBER OF U.S. IMPORTS OF CIVIL AEROSPACE PRODUCTS 1985 - 1996

Item 1988 1987 1986 1985 Aircraft Used or Rebuilt, Civil 194 115 141 246 Helicopters, Civil Aircraft, Single-Engine 114 98 87 60 Civil 40 41 71 46 Aircraft, Multiengine Under 4,400 lbs., Civil 3 1 18 8 Aircraft, Multiengine ,4,400 to 10,000 lbs., Civil 74 101 58 46 Aircraft, Multiengine,10,000 to 33,000 lbs., Civil 152 155 150 103 Aircraft, Multiengine, Over 33,000 lbs., Civil 18 22 36 29 Balloons, and Airships, Civil 0 0 0 0 Gliders, Civil 111 117 181 628 NOTE: Categories were changed to reflect Commerce Department's change to the Harmonized Trade Schedule. Historical data are not available in these new categories.

Item 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 Complete Aircraft 1,623 1,467 1,679 1,330 946 955 1,262 674 Transports 19 22 38 54 64 44 30 36 Passenger 12 17 36 54 64 44 30 33 Cargo 6 5 2 ------Other Combinations 1 ------3 General Aviation 287 259 261 212 216 254 743 213 Single Engine 100 117 105 96 67 72 522 59 Multi Engine 187 142 156 116 149 182 221 154 Small --- 5 8 --- 7 1 5 1 Medium 1 2 2 6 18 41 53 27 Large 186 135 146 110 124 140 163 126 Turbojet/Turbofan 96 72 82 66 52 45 63 39 Others 90 63 64 44 72 95 100 87 Helicopters 183 206 216 159 148 244 167 124 Small 2 3 7 5 3 4 21 9 Large 181 203 209 154 145 240 146 115 Others 1,134 980 1,164 905 521 413 322 301 Used/Rebuilt 380 287 328 258 176 246 130 210 New 754 693 836 647 345 167 192 91 Source: Aerospace Industries Association, Inc. based on data from the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, International Trade Association.

10-4 TABLE 10.4 NUMBER OF U.S. EXPORTS OF CIVIL AEROSPACE PRODUCTS 1985 - 1994

Item 1988 1987 1986 Aircraft Used or Rebuilt, Civil 1,644 969 494 Aircraft, Helicopter, New, Under 2200 lbs., Civil 161 129 104 Aircraft, Helicopter, New,Over 2200 lbs., Civil 119 152 106 Aircraft, Single-Engine New Civil 459 307 220 Aircraft, Multiengine, New, Under 4400 lbs., Civil 51 51 63 Aircraft, Multiengine, New,Over 4400 lbs., Under 10,000 lbs., Civil 109 127 93 Aircraft, Multiengine, New, Over 10,000 lbs., Under 33,000 lbs., Civil 24 24 38 Aircraft, Passenger, New, Over 33,000 lbs., Civil 205 160 149 Aircraft, Cargo, New, Ove 33,000 lbs., Civil 8 4 2 Aircraft Other, New, Over 33,000 lbs., Including Combinations, Civil 4 6 8 Aircraft Other, New, Including Balloons, Gliders & Kites, Civil 0 0 0 NOTE: Categories were changed to reflect Commerce Department's change to the Harmonized Trade Schedule. Historical data are not available in these new categories.

1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 Complete Aircraft 1,817 1,680 1,888 1,985 2,374 Transports 172 137 222 278 387 Passenger 157 128 216 272 376 Cargo 10 7 4 2 1 Other Combinations 5 2 2 4 10 General Aviation 383 363 385 333 358 Single Engine 146 132 125 97 186 Multi Engine 237 231 260 236 172 Small 88 95 124 104 19 Medium 94 76 67 74 93 Large 55 60 69 58 60 Turbojet/Turbofan 51 54 63 57 59 Others 4 6 6 1 1 Helicopters 214 210 154 175 212 Small 158 159 118 143 175 Large 56 51 36 32 37 Others 1,048 970 1,127 1,199 1,417 Used/Rebuilt 540 655 676 747 1,031 New 508 315 451 452 386 Source: Aerospace Industries Association, Inc. based on data from the U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Int'l Trade Association.

10-5