Hangulkorean Alphabet Proclamation Day
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Unexpected Nasal Consonants in Joseon-Era Korean Thomas
Unexpected Nasal Consonants in Joseon-Era Korean Thomas Darnell 17 April 2020 The diminutive suffixes -ngaji and -ngsengi are unique in contemporary Korean in that they both begin with the velar nasal consonant (/ŋ/) and seem to be of Korean origin. Surprisingly, they seem to share no direct genetic affiliation. But by reverse-engineering sound change involving the morpheme-initial velar nasal in the Ulsan dialect, I prove that the historical form of -aengi was actually maximally -ng; thus the suffixes -ngaji and -ngsaengi are related if we consider them to be concatenations of this diminutive suffix -ng and the suffixes -aji and -sengi. This is supported by the existence of words with the -aji suffix in which the initial velar nasal -ㅇ is absent and which have no semantic meaning of diminutiveness. 1. Introduction Korean is a language of contested linguistic origin spoken primarily on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia. There are approximately 77 million Korean speakers globally, though about 72 million of these speakers reside on the Korean peninsula (Eberhard et al.). Old Korean is the name given to the first attested stage of the Koreanic family, referring to the language spoken in the Silla kingdom, a small polity at the southeast end of the Korean peninsula. It is attested (at first quite sparsely) from the fifth century until the overthrow of the Silla state in the year 935 (Lee & Ramsey 2011: 48, 50, 55). Soon after that year, the geographic center of written Korean then moved to the capital of this conquering state, the Goryeo kingdom, located near present-day Seoul; this marks the beginning of Early Middle Korean (Lee & Ramsey: 50, 77). -
2018-05-Ma-Yang.Pdf
RECONCEPTUALIZATION OF ENGLISH IDEOLOGY IN GLOBALIZING SOUTH KOREA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI’I AT MĀNOA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN ASIAN STUDIES MAY 2018 By Seung Woo Yang Thesis Committee: Young-A Park, Chairperson Cathryn Clayton Patricia Steinhoff Keywords: Korean, English, Globalization, English Ideology, National Competitiveness i ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS There are many individuals and organizations I would like to thank for this academic and personal undertaking. The Center for Korean Studies was a big reason why I chose UH Manoa. I owe a great appreciation to the Center for Korean Studies for the remarkable events as well as the opportunity to serve as a graduate assistant. Not only the position provided financial assistance, but I am truly greatful for the learning opportunities it presented. I am also thankful for the opportunity to present this thesis at the Center for Korean Studies. Thank you Director Sang-Hyup Lee, Professor Tae-ung Baik, Mercy, and Kortne for welcoming me into the Center. Thank you, the East-West Center, particularly Dr. Ned Shultz and Kanika Mak-Lavy, for not only the generous funding, but for providing an outside-the-classroom learning that truly enhanced my graduate studies experience. The East-West Center provided the wonderful community and a group of friends where I can proudly say I belong. Thank you Mila and Fidzah. I jokingly believe that I did not finish my thesis on time because of you guys. But I credit you guys for teaching me and redefining the value of trust, generosity, and friendship. -
Design Politics: Consumerization of Post-Industrial South Korea Hyun-Joung (Ryan) Lee, University of Michigan-Ann Arbor (2013)
design politics: consumerization of post-industrial south korea hyun-joung (ryan) lee, university of michigan-ann arbor (2013) ABSTRACT In recent years, design has become a main theme in administration of Seoul, the capi- tal of South Korea. Under this theme of design, many projects have taken place, in- cluding a number of public constructions. While the purpose behind supporting “de- sign” as the symbol of Korea is to promote a new national image of post-developed nation, some of the Seoul government’s design projects yielded unintended side ef- fects. Tis paper analyzes the discrepancy between the professed rationale of these projects and the actual consequences through the case of Gwanghwamun and Dong- daemun, and suggests a possible direction for the future of design in Korean politics. DESIGN AND THE CITY OF SEOUL as the WDC of 2010. As part of the WDC launch, the n 2005, the International Council of Societies of city sponsored international events and created insti- Industrial Design (ICSID) announced an initiative tutions that could help implement various design-re- called World Design Capital (WDC) at a conven- lated projects in the capital. Te city’s active sponsor- Ition held in Copenhagen. According to the initiative’s ship of design-related events and institutions would architects, WDC was to be an opportunity for cities eventually pay further dividends, and Seoul was des- to present their innovative design accomplishments ignated the 2010 “City of Design” under the UNESCO and celebrate their successes in urban revitalization, Creative Cities Network, supplementing its earlier se- with a focus on the broader impact of design on ur- lection as WDC 2010.3 ban spaces, economies, and citizens. -
Gwanghwamun Plaza 광화문 광장
Gwanghwamun Plaza 광화문 광장 Als Ergänzung zum Neubau des Gwanghwamun Öffnungszeiten: 24h Tores (S. 14) begann man im April 2008 auch mit König Sejong Ausstellungshalle: 10:30-22:30, dem Umbau der Sejongno Prachtstraße vor dem Sonn- und Feiertags bis 20:30 Tor. Durch die Reduzierung von 16 auf 10 Fahr - spuren entstand zwischen dem Gyeongbokgung Eintrittspreise: kostenlos Palast und der Cheonggye Plaza ein 34 Meter breiter und 557 Meter langer Fußgängerbereich Verkehrsmittel: Untergrundstation Gwang - der am 1. August 2009 der Öffentlichkeit über- hwa mun, Linie 5 (lila) – direkte Verbindung geben wurde. Zusammen mit dem Gwanghwamun zum „Haechi Madang“ bzw. Ausgang 2 Tor stellt die Gwanghwamun Plaza die histo - rische Bedeutung des Bereichs vor dem Gyeong - Anschrift: Sejongno, Jongno-gu bokgung Palast als Zentrum der koreanischen Homepage: http://square.sisul.or.kr/ Geschichte, Politik und Kultur wieder her. An der früher hier verlaufenden Yukjo-Hauptstraße eingesetzten „Schildkrötenschiffe” thematisie- lagen viele Regierungsbehörden. ren. Der Name „Fountain 12.23” nimmt Bezug auf Parks Unterschiedliche Gestaltungselemente und ver- Admiral Yi’s Bezwingung von 133 feindlichen schiedene Symbole und Figuren zeigen den ge- Schiffen mit nur 12 Schildkrötenschiffen und schichtlichen Wandel von der Joseon Dynastie seine insgesamt 23 Siege in 23 Schlachten. bis heute. So kann man z.B. entlang eines Ge - Eine neue, 20 Tonnen schwere Bronzestatue von schichtspfades in Form von zwei Wasserläufen die König Sejong, der im 15. Jh. die koreanische Entwicklung der Joseon Dynastie nachverfol- Schrift Hangeul entwickelte, wurde am 9. Okto- gen. Im östlichen Bereich wird die Zeit von ber 2009 (Hangeul-Tag) feierlich eingeweiht. 1392 bis 2009 auf 617 Steinplatten dargestellt. -
Proposal for a Korean Script Root Zone LGR 1 General Information
(internal doc. #: klgp220_101f_proposal_korean_lgr-25jan18-en_v103.doc) Proposal for a Korean Script Root Zone LGR LGR Version 1.0 Date: 2018-01-25 Document version: 1.03 Authors: Korean Script Generation Panel 1 General Information/ Overview/ Abstract The purpose of this document is to give an overview of the proposed Korean Script LGR in the XML format and the rationale behind the design decisions taken. It includes a discussion of relevant features of the script, the communities or languages using it, the process and methodology used and information on the contributors. The formal specification of the LGR can be found in the accompanying XML document below: • proposal-korean-lgr-25jan18-en.xml Labels for testing can be found in the accompanying text document below: • korean-test-labels-25jan18-en.txt In Section 3, we will see the background on Korean script (Hangul + Hanja) and principal language using it, i.e., Korean language. The overall development process and methodology will be reviewed in Section 4. The repertoire and variant groups in K-LGR will be discussed in Sections 5 and 6, respectively. In Section 7, Whole Label Evaluation Rules (WLE) will be described and then contributors for K-LGR are shown in Section 8. Several appendices are included with separate files. proposal-korean-lgr-25jan18-en 1 / 73 1/17 2 Script for which the LGR is proposed ISO 15924 Code: Kore ISO 15924 Key Number: 287 (= 286 + 500) ISO 15924 English Name: Korean (alias for Hangul + Han) Native name of the script: 한글 + 한자 Maximal Starting Repertoire (MSR) version: MSR-2 [241] Note. -
A Brief of the Korea History
A Brief of the Korea History Chronicle of Korea BC2333- BC.238- 918- 1392- 1910- BC57-668 668-918 1945- BC 108 BC1st 1392 1910 1945 Nangrang Dae GoGuRyeo BukBuYeo Unified GoRyeo JoSun Japan- Han DongBuYeo BaekJae Silla Invaded Min JolBonBuYe Silla BalHae Gug o GaRa (R.O.K DongOkJeo (GaYa) Yo Myng Korea) GoJoSun NamOkJeo Kum Chung (古朝鮮) BukOkJeo WiMan Won Han-5- CHINA Gun SamHan (Wae) (Wae) (IlBon) (IlBon) (IlBon) (Wae) (JAPAN) 1 한국역사 연대기 BC2333- BC.238- BC1세기- 918- 1392- 1910- 668-918 1945- BC 238 BC1세기 668 1392 1910 1945 낙 랑 국 북 부 여 고구려 신 라 고 려 조선 일제강 대한민 동 부 여 신 라 발 해 요 명 점기 국 졸본부여 백 제 금 청 동 옥 저 고조선 가 라 원 중국 남 옥 저 (古朝鮮) (가야) 북 옥 저 위 만 국 한 5 군 (왜) (왜) (일본) (일본) (일본) (일본) 삼 한 (왜) 국가계보 대강 (II) BC108 918 BC2333 BC194 BC57 668 1392 1910 1945 고구려 신 라 고조선(古朝鮮) 부여 옥저 대한 백 제 동예 고려 조선 민국 BC18 660 2 3 1 GoJoSun(2333BC-108BC) 2 Three Kingdom(57BC-AD668) 3 Unified Shilla(668-935) / Balhae 4 GoRyeo(918-1392) 5 JoSun(1392-1910) 6 Japan Colony(1910-1945) 7 The Division of Korea 8 Korea War(1950-1953) 9 Economic Boom In South Korea 1. GoJoSun [고조선] (2333BC-108BC) the origin of Korea n According to the Dangun creation mythological Origin n Dangun WangGeom establish the old JoSun in Manchuria. n The national idea of Korea is based on “Hong-ik-in-gan (弘益人間)”, Devotion the welfare of world-wide human being n DanGun JoSun : 48 DanGuns(Kings) + GiJa JoSun + WeeMan JoSun 4 “고조선의 강역을 밝힌다”의 고조선 강역 - 저자: 윤내현교수, 박선희교수, 하문식교수 5 Where is Manchuria 2. -
Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources
Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Books Sejong The Great, Hunminjeongeum . Joseoneohakhoe, 1946. Although we were only able to access it as an online database, this is the original document of the hunminjeongeum, the first book containing Hangul, written directly by King Sejong The Great. Through this we were able to see the first version of Hangul and how it looked like in the beginning of its creation, in comparison to what we use in the modern day. Journal Joseon Dynasty, The Joseonwangjo Sillok (The Annals of the Joseon Dynasty), Sejong vol.113, Seoul, 1444. Containing the official record of the Joseon dynasty during the time period in which Hangul was being invented, this source helped us understand more about what was going on in the Joseon empire during those times. By being able to access the official records during the time in Joseon’s changing culture, it was a significant source of information, narrowing down our research to a particular era in history. Images ‘Eongan (A letter from Hyojong to Princess Sookmyung -02)', 1623~1659, Center for Korean Studies Documents. This image, exclusively provided to us by the Center for Korean Studies, contains drafts of King Hyojong writing to Princess Sookmyung, his niece. These letters were written in Hangul, and we were able to use this as an example of how Hangul spread to higher classes. Hong-do, Kim. Seodang, www.museum.go.kr/files/upload/board/78/20101130165104.jpg. This painting depicts young children learning to read and write in little schoolyards called ‘Seodangs’. By using this in our website, we were able to show what education was like in early Joseon. -
Finding Chongno the Search for the Past in the Present
Situations Vol. 1(Fall 2010) © 2010 by Yonsei University Yang Jung Lee1 [email protected] Finding Chongno The Search for the Past in the Present In the 1920s Chongno was full of “brick houses, tiled roofs, tin roofs, thatched cottages… men in suits, kimonos, hanbok in black or white … men walking forwards, sideways, stooping, shoving, perched on something, crawling, yawning, smoking, spitting, and even urinating… people speak in Japanese, Western languages, Chinese, and different dialects of Korean… Of course since it is in a metropolitan area, there are foreigners, Seoul people, country people, people who are dressed to a tee, some dressed like beggars" (Chang 71-72, my translation). During the Chosǒn Dynasty, Chongno functioned as the center of commerce; if you could not find something in Chongno, it was a good bet that you would not find it anywhere. During the Japanese occupation, it functioned as a gathering place for revolutionaries, modern boys and modern girls, literary greats, newspaper printers, vendors, and peddlers. It was during this time that Chongno became the heart of the Chosǒn people. Ch’ǒnggyech’ǒn divided the city into the Japanese section in the south and the Korean section in the north. The center of the Korean section was Chongno. Today Chongno is still a conglomeration of different people and buildings although it has undergone great changes. Chongno sparkles with the light reflected on the windows of tall cement office buildings; tiled roofs of traditional wooden buildings are interspersed between concrete blocks. Men and women in suits run to work, while students walk to class yawning; ajummas shove their way to their destinations, while some stooped or loitering men spit or smoke. -
Seoul Yangnyeongsi Herb Medicine Museum - Jangsu Maeul(Village) - Course10 52 Cheongwadae Sarangchae Korean Food Experience Center - Gwangjang Market
Table of Contents ★ [Seoul Tour+ Itineraries for the Five Senses] Starting with the May issue, ten itineraries designed to allow participants to experience the charm of Seoul to the fullest (40 different locations) will be created with a new theme every month. These itineraries will be provided as product information that is customized to your needs under the title “Seoul Tour+ Itineraries for the Five Senses”. We ask that you make active use of them when planning high-quality Seoul tour products for foreign tourist groups. Tradition 1 Visiting every corner of Seoul of 600-year-old Seoul history Course1 Seoul History Museum - Seochon Village - Yejibang - Noshi 5 Course2 Yangcheon Hyanggyo - Heojun Museum - Horim Museum - Sillim Sundae Town 10 Eunpyeong History Hanok Museum - Hongje-dong Gaemi Maeul(Village) - Course3 15 Donglim knot Workshop - GaGa Training Center for Important Intangible Cultural Properties - Hyundai Motor Studio Course4 20 - Kukkiwon - KAYDEE Course5 Dokdo Museum Seoul - Seodaemun Prison History Hall - Haneul Mulbit - Gaon gil 25 Tradition 2 Living in Seoul of 600 years ago National Hangul Museum - Namsan Hanok Village - Asian Art Museum - Course6 32 Gareheon Old Palace Trail - Bukchon Hanok Village Guest House Information Center Course7 37 Hanbok Experience - Hwanghakjeong National Archery Experience - Mingadaheon Dongdaemun Hanbok Cafe - Ikseon-dong Hanok Village - Sulwhasoo Spa - Course8 42 Makgeolli Salon Rice-Museum - Seongbuk-dong Alley - chokyunghwa Dakpaper Artdoll Lab - Course9 47 Hankki, Korean Traditional -
Market Information SOUTH KOREA 2019 About This Guide
Market Information SOUTH KOREA 2019 About This Guide This market guide includes a snapshot of the economies in South Korea, along with information about travel from this region (booking channels, consumer trends, U.S. international inbound visitation data, and key travel motivators and indicators.) Cover photo: Gyeongbokgung Brand USA ...................................................................................................... 4 Who We Are ................................................................................................................................4 A Message from Christopher L. Thompson .................................................................6 Brand USA Executive & Senior Leadership.................................................................. 8 Market Facts .................................................................................................. 9 Geography ...................................................................................................................................9 Demographics .......................................................................................................................... 10 Economy .......................................................................................................................................11 Vacation Allocation ..................................................................................................................11 Travel Trends ............................................................................................... -
Learn to Read Korean: an Introduction to the Hangul Alphabet* Z
Proceedings of IPAC2016, Busan, Korea THEA01 LEARN TO READ KOREAN: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HANGUL ALPHABET* Z. Handel†, University of Washington, Seattle, USA Abstract Here, for example, is the graph writing the word mǎ In the mid 15th century the Korean scholar-king Sejong meaning ‘horse’. invented Hangul, the native Korean alphabet. This was the beginning of a long process by which Hangul gradual- ly supplanted Chinese characters as Korea's primary writ- Figure 1: Oracle bone character for ‘horse’. ing system, a process which is still ongoing but nearly It’s sideways, but otherwise quite recognizable: we can complete today. This presentation will introduce the his- see the mouth, the eye, the mane, two legs, and a tail. torical and cultural background behind the invention of Here’s the modern form. Hangul and describe the systematic linguistic principles on which the script is based. The 1446 text that intro- duced Hangul proclaimed that it was so simple that “a Figure 2: Modern character for ‘horse’. wise man can master it in a morning, and even a stupid By the fourth century, Chinese characters had essential- person can learn it in ten days.” In this presentation we ly reached their modern form. As you can see, they have put this claim to the test by attempting to learn to read become highly stylized and conventionalized, losing their Korean in under an hour. pictographic quality. INTRODUCTION Early Korean Writing If you leave the convention center where IPAC’16 is It was this type of writing that was first encountered by held and have a chance to look around during your stay in the Koreans, as the expanding Chinese empire moved into Korea—you will everywhere see the Korean alphabet, an the Korean peninsula. -
Proposal for a Korean Script Root Zone LGR
Proposal for a Korean Script Root Zone LGR LGR Version K_LGR_v2.3 Date: 2021-05-01 Document version: K_LGR_v23_20210501 Authors: Korean script Generation Panel 1 General Information/ Overview/ Abstract The purpose of this document is to give an overview of the proposed Korean Script LGR in the XML format and the rationale behind the design decisions taken. It includes a discussion of relevant features of the script, the communities or languages using it, the process and methodology used and information on the contributors. The formal specification of the LGR can be found in the accompanying XML document below: • proposal-korean-lgr-01may21-en.xml Labels for testing can be found in the accompanying text document below: • korean-test-labels-01may21-en.txt In Section 3, we will see the background on Korean script (Hangul + Hanja) and principal language using it, i.e., Korean language. The overall development process and methodology will be reviewed in Section 4. The repertoire and variant sets in K-LGR will be discussed in Sections 5 and 6, respectively. In Section 7, Whole Label Evaluation Rules (WLE) will be described and then contributors for K-LGR are shown in Section 8. Several appendices are included with separate files. 2 Script for which the LGR is proposed ISO 15924 Code: Kore proposal_korean_lgr_v23_20210201 1/20 ISO 15924 Key Number: 287 (= 286 + 500) ISO 15924 English Name: Korean (alias for Hangul + Han) Native name of the script: 한글 + 한자 Maximal Starting Repertoire (MSR) version: MSR-4 [241] Note. 'Korean script' usually means 'Hangeul' or 'Hangul'. However, in the context of the Korean LGR, Korean script is a union of Hangul and Hanja.