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American Friends Service Committee Part 13 of 33 H..._..__ ___T___E_.._______.__,E,1_.__...____.~_- - &#39; .1 . .._1.4l~_I 1-41_.._1<*. 1.1:_ 5 >.. 1.4,, 92 FEDERAL BUREAUOF INVESTIGATION AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE PART 12 OF 25 FILE NUMBER = 100-11392 SUBJECT; AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE FILE -if: 100-11392 SECTION: I 1. 92 I . _ . 92 p ; . &#39; ornovmrel-1 notno 1. H-&#39; . IIIO-I04 ~ MENT &#39; UNITED ST J! i * Mem01"¢-...72 J-3&#39; A , To : | DATE: _ r Attention: Central Research Section . 1 FROM - , &#39; sac, Charlotte " SUBJECTI Ace. ANDDISARMAMEHT LITERATURE RICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE i 7 E°1°$°d are f°11°"inq Plmhleta which were left anonymously at theHioh §oin+! N cw * ~n 2 copiesof!¥fabors_Stake Peace" in l copy of-6isarmament_and Warthe onPoverty l copy of/dnestions onDisarmament Yourand Job" 1 copy oi/myhe/MoralsExtermination of i &#39; 1 copy o "Steps Toward Disarmament" ; ii _ U e- with the exceptionof the last pamphletthe literature _ the/ational_Beace Literature Service, merican is attributed , to , " _ Friends Service Committee. &#39; The pamphlets are being appropriately indexed in the Charlotte Division and are being furnished Central Research Section for information and any disposition desired. /. I I I I ., 4- -,&#39;_._§_ If ":___;.;._&#39;_,_. ,&#39;,_,,. I . * __.-:::_z_-;T"_"_-.&#39;_&#39;_1";_i_iT-_*;&#39;7-_;"T..;T.E i " S* "" "H"&#39;_""""l : i ~* Y ~» A ; .7 2 -=-5*--1 d - | 4 / i- Fa. 92 9 | _ ., _ _ _._V_._ ._ I R -1- g-I&#39; I ,1 r . .- i ... H . &#39; "&#39; .4... ii Q... "138 nu--&#39;92. -Ir nun -u,=p-|-|----;-- &#39;FULL TEXT or &#39;, ADDRESS av i zxcsms mom SPEEC HES BY = EM. RQAZEY f WILLIAM C. DAVIDON flfl-ER&#39;§%§;NAL _ NUCLEAR PHYSICIST umou UAW , &#39; F FENNER BROCKWAY I 92 anmsu LABOR &#39;-Q-3;-,5, 20¢ PARTY M.P. -5-i&#39;F-_&#39;1I...1 .:fZ ¬ --. <+_:-W ;_-g&#39;,.&#39;;.__92-_;~~. I Q Q ¢ I L &#39;I.ABORS STAKE IN PEACE > 1 I I I I. I x i § I. I If I Published as an educational sarvice by 1 é a I THE AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE I Q I I L .-I ! .,_ .._...._~___ _ _ . T __ m___-_.1--_--I-3..., -c.."&#39;_...-_ - _**-&#39;;&#39;§I1.-317211: ! ! 1 5 FOREWORD The remarks in this pamphlet by William Davidon, Fenner -u Brockway, and Emil Mazey, were originally given as speeches I 1-3 at 1 labor rally in Chicago, February 20, 1960, held under the . st i auspices of the American Friends Service Committee. The meet- i % I ing, attended by some 700 trade unionists who gave Mr. Mazey I a tumultuous standing ovation upon completion of his speech, 1/- had as its theme the title of this pamphlet, Labor&#39;sStake in Peace." Due to limitations of space, we are able to print only excerpts from Davidons and B1-ockway&#39;s speeches.On the other hand, we are including the full text of Emil Mazey&#39;s speech because we feel it is one of the most significant speeches on this subject given by any high ranking American labor official J 1 to date. I I l Everyone in his right mind today wants peace. Everyone, including the President of the United States and spokesmen ti! for oath major political pa:-ties, speaks glcwingly of peace. Yet, as a nation, we continue to prepare for war. 7: !&#39; Development of more powerful nuclear missiles continues. Y Production for germ warfare continues. We spend over 40 billion dollars a year on armaments. There is little it any serious planning for disarmament and an economy which will 4 insure full employment if and when disarmament begins. Obviously, if there is actually to be peace there must be action taken to end the cold war, stop the runaway arms race, and plan an economy that can produce for peace. In the past, the American labor movement has taken the lead on vital social issues. Today, along with all mankind, Labor n faces the one crucial issue -- the issue of nuclear war and I | mass annihilation. Will it have the vision and the courage to r take an unequivocal stand for disarmament and production for peace? The rally in Chicago and Emil Mazeys speech suggest that it might. < Perhaps the rst step in this direction, as Mr. Mazey suggests, 4 is to initiate throughout the labor movement, open discussion 1 of foreign policy and the vital issues that affect war or peace. 1 l To this end we have published this pamphlet and urge that it be i carefully read and thoroughly discussed by trade unionists across the country. -- |,< Chicago, April 5, 1960 ll _ Jack Bollens, Director Peace Education Program Chicago Regional Oiiice T, 1 1? American Friends Service Committee 5} i F v . 0,! .- | I NUCLEAR WEAPONS: NO DEFENSE Q By WILLIAM navmon, Theoretical Physicist, Argonne National Lrmratory; Chair-&#39;......."~, Chicago Chapter, Federation of American Scientists; Member, Third Pugwash Conference of International Scientists in Vienna. War has always been a chronic disease in human ociety, but it is no longer a chronic disease. It has suddenly become a very malignant cancer. it will either wipe us out, or we will take action which will enable us to get the power into our hands that will keep it from wiping us out. What now exists in the world is grossly different from anything in past human affairs. Why has this big change suddenly occurred? What are the specific facts which have produced this most unusual change in human affairs? They are different from anything in our per- sonal experience, different from anything in the history of our race. And so, it takes that uniquely human capability of being able to think objectively about events, of being able to respond to o situation distinct £1-cm any which we have been prepared for by our biochemistry. I Une can point out that the biggest bomb exploded during World War I1 equaled the approximate size and weight of three automobiles. In contrast to this, the atom bomb which was exploded 1800 feet above I-Iirosbdma, and which produced some 200,000 casualties, fissioned only about three tablespoons of uranium. This is an abrupt change in human affairs. The amount of material which one can hold in the palm of 0ne&#39;s hand is capable of wiping out a large city, and human beings have never before had energy concentrations of this kind avail- able to them. We will either respond to these facts in a rational fashion, or go out of ellistence. This bomb which was exploded over Hiroshima produced by fire and heat alone the damage that would be produced by one thousand tons of high incendiaries carefully distributed over the city. This Hiroshima bomb was large in comparison with the past. However, in comparison to today&#39;s hydrogen bomb, the Hirsoshima bomb was small. Let&#39;s briey describe wine of the effects of one large thermonuclear weapon. We can point oat that within the space of a few cubic feet more energy is released when a thermonuclear explosion goes off than is generated by the largest hydroelectric station in a couple of years. Picture for example the northwest part i. i 92 1 A. -~ it 7 .77 V e___._,:._____..____.._ _ A _ _ 92 at our country, a good part oi its power coming from Grand Coulee Dam.Picture the power usedfor industry, for transporta- tion, for heat and light. Picture all these phenomena going 92 -on in this part of the country for two years, and then picture 92 all of this energy being concentrated in the space of a iew cubic feet, and being released within a millionth or two of a l ax second. This is the phenomenon which takes place when a thermonuclear bomb goes off. J The reactions which take place during such an explosion are &#39;moreintense than those which go on in the interiors of i most stars, let alone on the surface of the earth. It would burn the eyes of an individual some 300 miles away from the point oi the explosion. It would look about 100 times as bright as the sun at a distance oi 100 miles from the point of the explo- sion. It would set re to objects and char human skin over an area considerably larger than 1000 square miles. This is the eifect of a single weapon which can be carried in a single missile or plane. - In addition to the blast, in addition to the re and the heat released by such an explosion, large quantities of radioactivity are produced. We can point out that an H-bomb explosion in March, 1954, caused some 7,000square miles to be covered by lethal quantities of radioactivity. The whole land surface of the ll earth, not just that now used by human beings for their living l; and growing oi food, but all land above sea level over all the I! surface of the eath, could be covered by about 8,000 such explo- sions. Eight thousand weapons costing about one million dollars |1 a" piece eight billion dollars, about one-fth of our annual military budget. This is the cost in money of enough weapons . to destroy the earths population. - ri "In the Holifield Committee hearing about which you will i be hearng more this evening from Emil Mazey!, assumptions were made about the effects oi a limited nuclear war.
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