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TRANSGENIC SALMON IS FRAUGHT with UNCERTAINTIES and IRREVERSIBLE HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES 2.Pdf www.theguardian.com TRANSGENIC SALMON IS FRAUGHT WITH UNCERTAINTIES AND IRREVERSIBLE HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES. In May 2016, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency approved the sale of the GM fish. In July 2017, AquaBounty Technologies said they had sold 4.5 tons of AquaAdvantage salmon fillets to customers in Canada. AquaBounty first asked the FDA to approve the fish for human consumption in 1996. But the FDA said because this was the first genetically modified animal that would be eaten by humans, the agency wanted to take it slow and weigh the pros and cons.Nov 19, 2015 Aquadvantage salmon FDA Approval The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved AquaBounty Technologies' application to sell the AquAdvantage salmon to U.S. consumers on November 19, 2015. ... The decision marks the first time a genetically modified animal has been approved to enter the United States food supply. The AquaBounty transgenic Salmon are only allowed to be raise in two land-bases tanks Submission to the FDA TRANSGENIC SALMON IS FRAUGHT WITH UNCERTAINTIES AND IRREVERSIBLE HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES. Sunday, 20 October 2013 21:54 By Joan Russow PhD Global Compliance Research Project It is reported that the FDA is poised to approve Genetically engineered Aquabounty Salmon for human consumption; If approved, it would be the first-ever GE animal permitted for human consumption in the U.S. On April 26 2013 the 120-day comment period ended with 1.8 million submissions opposing the approval of Aquabounty salmon. Once approved, will it be exported everywhere? Unless there is a global ban on genetically engineered food and crops, global citizens will have to be constantly vigilant and have to oppose over and over again each new product introduced by this rogue technology. Please sign global petition http://www.change.org/en- CA/petitions/the-un-general-assembly-institute-a-global-ban-on-genetically-engineered-food-and- crops UPDATE; Until recently, Canada had permission to produce transgenic eggs for research purposes without testing for harm to human health and the environment; Now it has been approved; How easily it slips from research to approval Canada has been grossly /criminally negligent. Everyone is criminally negligent who (a) in doing anything, or (b) in omitting to do anything that it is his duty to do, shows wanton or reckless disregard for the lives or safety of other persons” (where ‘duty’ means a duty imposed by law). (Section 216, Canadian Criminal Code) The DNA of the top fish has been genetically engineered to produce growth hormones all the time for its entire life. People who eat this fish will be eating this DNA, along with the growth hormones. (photo from Cornucopia) Aqua Bounty’s Atlantic salmon contain a growth gene implanted from another variety of salmon that is activated by DNA from an eel-like creature called the ocean pout. Submission, on transgenic Salmon, to the FDA April 12 by Joan Russow Global Compliance Research Project TRANSGENIC SALMON IS FRAUGHT WITH UNCERTAINTIES AND IRREVERSIBLE HARMFUL CONSEQUENCES. Aquabounty salmon is transgenic because there are two different species involved; Chinook salmon and Ocean Pout. The Aquabounty application for commercial release is based on the eggs being produced on P.E.I., and the fish being reared in Panama. If approved for commercial release it would be the first transgenic animal to be approved for human consumption. In 2010 the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved transgenic salmon for human consumption. While the Gadabout transgenic salmon will not be commercially release until the FDA has completed their final Environmental Assessment, the FDA released a draft EA with a preliminary finding of no significant impact. There is still time for public submission until April 26, 2013. What happens in Canada is key to the application being reviewed by the FDA because the eggs are to be produced in Prince Edward Island. If there is enough opposition to these eggs being produced in Canada, this could cause the Aquabounty proposal to fail. FLAWED INITIAL FDA APPROVAL PROCESS Dr. Michael Hansen, Senior Scientist at Consumers Union (publisher of Consumer Reports) writes that the FDA determination of no additional significant health risk is based on manipulated data and inadequate studies. Allergy risk findings were based on only six fish, and those allergic to finfish could experience severe allergic reactions. Friends of the Earth writes, “GE salmon are unhealthy and suffer from skeletal deformities, jaw erosions, inflammation, lesions, increased susceptibility to disease, and increased mortality, raising serious … human health concerns from eating sick fish. Overall, GE salmon have 40% higher levels of IGF-1.” “IGF-1 is a hormone that has been associated with increased risk of a number of cancers, especially prostate, breast, colorectal and lung,” adds Dr. Hansen. The Center for Food Safety summarizes that the science is not there to say these fish are safe to eat. Further research is needed. The Consumer’s Union has stated that the first transgenic animal for human consumption is in danger of being approved without the input of relevant scientists. The CU points out that 9 out of the 13 committee members are veterinarians Not one single food safety scientist specializing in food allergies No endocrinologist knowledgeable about growth hormones Not one fish ecologist and two of the members have vested interests because they are involved with Genetically engineering animals (one of the two has worked with Monsanto) APPROVAL PROCESS IN CANADA Transgenic salmon has not been approved for human consumption in Canada. However, in a report from the Canadian Environment Commissioner, it was indicated that “given the FDA decision that it would be safe for human consumption, that most likely it would be deemed safe for human health in Canada. “There would have to be a separate application for commercial release in Canada. The section that is responsible for determining whether transgenic salmon would be safe for human consumption is the Bureau of microbial Hazards in the department of Health. The government section that is responsible for determining whether there will be an impact from transgenic salmon the Environment is the “New Substance Notification Regulation (organisms) under the Canadian Environment Protection Agency (CEPA). I asked why there had been no review done on the transgenic salmon eggs produced in Prince Edward Island. And I was told that it was a research facility and for that it received an exemption. I queried the fact that it was no longer just research because the eggs were shipped to Panama and that became a difficult issue because it involved the transfer of living modified organisms. The provisions for the transfer of living modified organisms come under the Biosafety Protocol and even though Canada was not a party Panama was. The representative from CEPA section told me that if it is approved in the US and if Aquabounty applies for commercial release in Canada, the company would have to present a package. And along with that CEPA would conduct a review of the literature pertaining to the potential impact on the environment. Before commercial release CEPA would also work with the section in Health Canada. If it were approved for commercial release in Canada, the responsibility of Canadian Food Inspection Agency CFIA would be to monitor if the Company were complying with regulations set down by Health Canada. What is decided by the FDA is crucial to Canada because of the practice of what is described as “test once’ which has over the years been introduced in trade agreements between Canada and the US and others. FALSE CLAIMS BY AQUADVANTAGE® FISH AQUABOUNTY “With a global population pressing against food supplies and vast areas of the ocean swept clean of fish, tiny AquaBounty Technologies Inc. of Waltham, Mass., says it can help feed the world” NOTE; this was the claim also made by Monsanto. The Company then goes on to say: “Aqua advantage is an environmentally sustainable alternative to the current farmed salmon. AAS will be grown as sterile all female populations in land-based facilities. As a result, Salmon cannot escape or reproduce in the wild and pose no threat to wild populations” NOTE; the pens have to be near a water source or waterway and the sterility of the transgenic fish is according to DFO (99.8% or other sources say 99% to 95% successful. In Panama where they have taken extraordinary care in having the land-based site impervious to escaping fish and predators, a tree fell on the complex and transgenic fish escaped. They could survive in the nearby waterways that go into the Pacific Ocean but not in the Pacific Ocean because the temperature would be too high. An issue that has to be addressed is also that if escaped, predators would cause them to move up the food chain. An FDA advisory panel will have to consider the effect of the fish on wild populations because of the possibility of escapes, failed sterilization of eggs, and impact on the food chain. And sales to producers overseas, out of reach of U.S. regulators. POTENTIAL DISEASE SPREAD IN CLOSE CONTAINMENT Currently there is a Petition submitted to the Canadian Environment Commissioner (i) There is sufficient scientific evidence that *ISA and other viruses are in farmed salmon, and have even spread to wild salmon, that these viruses have arisen because of salmon aquaculture and that these viruses are harmful to salmon and to human health: Why has the precautionary principle in the agreement on straddling
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