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Energy Technology Programmes 1993-1998. Intermediate Report

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Energy Technology Programmes 1993-1998. Intermediate Report T£££s/n>-W--4/?l Energy Technology Research Programmes 1993- 1998 Intermediate report gyflgeermxytwooeWKewturaE) /Z TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT CENTRE FINLAND Technology Programme Report 4/97 Helsinki 1997 Tekes - Your contact for Finnish technology Takes primary objective is to promote the technological competitiveness in Finnish industry. Activities should lead to an increase and diversification of industrial production and exports and an improvement of well-being in society. Annually, Tekes grants about one and a half billions Finnish marks for financing applied and industrial R&D in Finland. Tekes offers excellent channels for technological co-ope ­ ration with Finnish companies, universities and research institutes. Technology programmes - part of the innovation chain The technology programmes for developing innovative products and processes, are an essential part of the Finnish innovation system. These programmes are characterised by close co-operation of the industry, universities and research institutes.The programmes also form a solid basis for international co-operation. Currently there are about 50 active technology programmes ISBN 951-53-0756-2 ISSN 1239-1336 Cover: Oddball Graphics Oy Pages layout: DTPage Oy Printers: Paino-Center Oy, 1997 DISCLAIMER Portions of tins document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. Contents Chapter I Energy technology research programmes 1993-1998 ... 7 Chapter 2 BIOENERGY - Bioenergia Research Programme ..........IS 1 Background and objectives ............................................................................ 15 1.1 Background ............................................................................................... 15 1.2 Objectives ....................................................................................................16 1.3 Programme financing ................................................................................. 17 1.4 Projects in 1995 ....................................................................................... 18 1.5 Export potential ....................................................................................... 18 2 Results in main research areas.......................................................................20 2.1 Wood fuel production technology ...........................................................20 2.2 Peat production ..........................................................................................23 2.3 Bioenergy use............................................................................................24 2.4 Biomass conversion ................................................................................... 24 2.5 Production of agrobiomass ....................................................................... 25 2.6 Dissemination of information, PR and international contacts .......... 25 3 Result effectiveness ..........................................................................................26 3.1 Industrial effectiveness ............................................................................. 26 3.2 Technological improvements .....................................................................27 3.3 Implementation of networking .................................................................27 3.4 Implementing scientist training .................................................................29 4 Essential results of the intermediate assessment..........................................29 5 Further planning on the basis of intermediate assessment......................... 30 5.1 Feasibility of the research areas...............................................................30 5.2 National and international division of duties .......................................... 31 6 Research organization and management groups .......................................... 31 Chapter 3 EDISON - Electricity distribution automation research programme .............. 33 1 Background and objectives ............................................................................. 33 2 Results in major research areas.....................................................................33 2.1 The basic concept of electricity distribution automation. .................33 2.2 New communication technologies ...........................................................34 2.3 Use and management of the network .................................................. 34 2.4 Demand side management ....................................................................... 35 2.5 Managing the quality of electricity........................................................ 35 2.6 Deregulation of the electricity market................................................ 35 3 Effectiveness of results......................................................................................36 4 Main results of the interim assessment........................................................ 37 5 Further planning based on the interim assessment......................................37 6 Research organization and Executive Committee ........................................38 Chapter 4 FFUSION - Fusion energy research programme ..........39 I Background and objectives ..............................................................................39 1.1 International fusion research and the EU fusion programme ...........39 1.2 Fusion energy research programme FFUSION....................................39 3 1.3 Objectives of the FFUSION research programme ..............................40 2 Results in major research areas.....................................................................41 2.1 Fusion plasma research.............................................................................41 2.2 Fusion reactor materials research............................................. 43 2.3 Remote-controlled inspection and maintenance systems for fusion reactors ........................................................................................... 46 3 Effectiveness of results..................................................................................... 49 3.1 Industrial competence and potential ......................................................49 3.2 Scientist training ....................................................................................... 50 4 Main results of the interim assessment........................................................ 50 5 Further planning based on the interim assessment......................................51 6 Research organization and Executive Committees ......................................52 Chapter 5 SUSTAINABLE PAPER - Energy in paper and board production............................................ 53 1 Background and objectives ............................................................................. 53 2 Results in major research areas.....................................................................54 2.1 Energy savings in the manufacture of mechanical pulp....................... 54 2.2 Energy savings in the manufacture of paper and board ...................... 56 2.3 Energy savings in mill design and process control ................................. 58 3 Effectiveness of results..................................................................................... 60 4 Main results of the interim assessment........................................................ 61 4.1 Feasible structure of project portfolio .................................................... 61 4.2 Programme scope ..................................................................................... 61 5 Further planning based on the interim assessment......................................61 6 Research organization and Executive Committees ......................................62 Chapter 6 LIEKKI 2 - Research programme for combustion and gasification techniques............................................................................63 1 Background and objectives ............................................................................. 63 1.1 Fluidized bed combustion .........................................................................63 1.2 Pressurized fluidized bed combustion and gasification ....................... 64 1.3 Diesel power plants ................................................................................. 64 1.4 Combustion and gasification of black liquor ........................................64 1.5 Waste incineration ................................................................................... 65 1.6 Conventional combustion .........................................................................65 2 Programme structure and main results........................................................ 65 2.1 Modelling the furnace process .................................................................66 2.2 The chemistry of gaseous emission components ................................68 2.3 Particle behaviour, ash and aerosols ........................................................ 70 2.4 New combustion and gasification techniques........................................73 2.5 Black liquor ................................................................................................75 2.6 Conventional combustion technology and waste incineration ...........77 3 Effectiveness of results..................................................................................... 78 4 Significance to industry - interim
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