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Sumpah Pemuda Arab, 1934)
Rabith Jihan Amaruli, Nazala Noor Maulany, Singgih Tri Sulistiyono (Sumpah Pemuda Arab, 1934) SUMPAH PEMUDA ARAB, 1934: PERGULATAN IDENTITAS ORANG ARAB-HADRAMI DI INDONESIA Rabith Jihan Amaruli, Nazala Noor Maulany, Singgih Tri Sulistiyono Departemen Sejarah, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang-Indonesia Alamat korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima/ Received: 2 Agustus 2018; Disetujui/ Accepted: 31 Agustus 2018 Abstract This article discusses the Sumpah Pemuda Arab (Arab Youth Pledge) in 1934 which became the forerunner of the formation of the first Arab-Hadrami nationalist organization, the Arab Association of Indonesia (PAI) which later became the Arab Party of Indonesia (PAI). This article conducted by using the historical method. Sumpah Pemuda Arab 1934 is the answer to the struggle of Arab-Hadrami identity and nationalism to fulfill its right as part of Indonesian citizen (WNI). This historical study is important in view of the fact that the phenomenon of the Arabism movement which is now emerging through the involvement of symbols and the identity of the oneness tends to place Arab-Hadrami as opposed to the direction and commitment of the nation. Keywords: Arab-Hadrami; Identity; Nationalism. Abstrak Artikel ini membahas mengenai Sumpah Pemuda Arab pada 1934 yang menjadi cikal bakal pembentukan organisasi Arab-Hadrami nasionalis pertama, Persatuan Arab Indonesia (PAI) yang di kemudian hari berubah menjadi Partai Arab Indonesia (PAI). Artikel ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode sejarah. Sumpah Pemuda Arab 1934 adalah jawaban dari pergulatan identitas dan nasionalisme orang Arab-Hadrami untuk menunaikan haknya sebagai bagian dari warga bangsa Indonesia. Kajian historis mengenai hal ini penting mengingat fenomena gerakan Arabisme yang saat ini mengemuka melalui pelibatan simbol-simbol dan identitas kearaban cenderung menempatkan orang Arab-Hadrami seolah berseberangan dengan arah dan komitmen kebangsaan. -
Asian Socialists and the Forgotten Architects of Post-Colonial Freedom
Lewis, S. L. (2019). Asian Socialists and the Forgotten Architects of Post-Colonial Freedom. Journal of World History, 30(1-2), 55-88. https://doi.org/10.1353/jwh.2019.0028 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link to published version (if available): 10.1353/jwh.2019.0028 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via University of Hawaii Press at https://muse.jhu.edu/article/729105. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ Asian Socialism and the Forgotten Architects of Post-Colonial Freedom, 1952–1956 Su Lin Lewis Journal of World History, Volume 30, Numbers 1-2, June 2019, pp. 55-88 (Article) Published by University of Hawai'i Press For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/729105 Access provided at 11 Jul 2019 10:40 GMT from Bristol University Asian Socialism and the Forgotten Architects of Post-Colonial Freedom, 1952–1956* SU LIN LEWIS University of Bristol N a photograph taken in 1953, Sutan Sjahrir arrives off an airplane in IRangoon and is greeted warmly on the tarmac by Burmese socialist leaders U Ba Swe and U Kyaw Nyein, as well as his close friend Ali Algadri, the Arab-Indonesian chargé d’affairs. -
Bab Iv Kiprah Abdul Rahman Baswedan Dalam Memperjuangan Kemerdekaan Indonesia Tahun 1934- 1947
BAB IV KIPRAH ABDUL RAHMAN BASWEDAN DALAM MEMPERJUANGAN KEMERDEKAAN INDONESIA TAHUN 1934- 1947 A. Peran Abdul Rahman Baswedan Pada Masa Kolonial Belanda Tahun 19341942 Abdul Rahman Baswedan lahir ditengah-tengah masyarakat yang diisolasi oleh pemerintah kolonial, namun pergaulan yang ia rintis jauh melampaui batas-batas etnisnya, Ia bergaul erat dengan kawan-kawan dari golongan Tionghoa, terutama dengan sesama aktifis. Abdul Rahman Baswedan berkawan baik dengan Liem Koen Hian pendiri Partai Tionghoa Indonesia (PTI) yang kemudian menginspirasinya untuk mendirikan Partai Arab Indonesia (PAI) suatu saat nanti. Sejak muda A.R. Baswedan kerap berkomunikasi dengan siapapun dari kalangan manapun karena ia tidak pernah membeda-bedakan seseorangan untuk diajak berteman dan 91 92 bertukar pikiran.1Abdul Rahman Baswedan banyak belajar tentang keindonesiaan semenjak berkenalan dengan tokoh nasionals yaitu Dr. Sutomo. Di tambah lagi dengan mondoknya dalam keluarga tokoh Partai Syarikat Islam (PSI) Soerowijono.2 Sebelum abad ke-20, lingkungan kehidupan untuk masing-masing etnis dibedakan satu dengan yang lainnya oleh pemerintah kolonial Belanda yang menerapkan kebijakan politik segregasi yaitu membagi penduduk menjadi tiga golongan berdasarkan rasnya, kelas paling rendah adalah Inheemschen (atau Inlender), golongan bumi putra (pribumi) ; diatasnya adalah Vreemede Oosterlingen (Timur Asing ) yang meliputi suku Arab ,Tionghoa, India, dan yang paling tinggi adalah golongan warga kulit putih yaitu Eropa, Amerika, Jepang. Dimasukanya orang-orang Arab ke dalam golongan Timur Asing Vreemde Oosterlingen, mereka sering mendapat perlakuan yang diskriminatif dari penguasa Eropa.3Setatus 1 Didi Kwartanada, “Dari Timur Asing ke orang Indonesia :Pemuda Tionghoa dan Arab dalam Pergerakan Nasional (1900-1942).” Perisma: Jurnal ,Vol. 30. 2 (Agustus 2011),p. 31 2Muhamamad Husnil, Melunasi Janji Kemerdekaan Indonesia Biografi Anis Rasyid Baswedan,( Jakarta: Zaman, 2014), p. -
Islam and Nationalism
ISLAM AND NATIONALISM (An annotated translation of and commentary on Islam dan Kebangsaan, a religious-political pamphlet published by Al-Lisaan in the Netherlands East Indies in 1941.) Howard M. Federspiel Islam dan Kebangsaan (Islam and Nationalism), published in early 1942, deals with the relationship of Islam to the Indonesian nationalist movement. It was written in an era when Indonesia was a colony of the Netherlands and the major concern among Indonesians was how to win independence, even though open expression of that idea was forbidden. There was little consensus on a nationalist philosophy, but rather a wide range of philosophical, ideological, and mystical statements that competed with one another for attention. Pantja Sila, Sukarno’s encap sulation of national ideals which is now the official philosophy of the Indonesian state, was still over four years in the future. The follow ing work, like pamphlets of groups representing other views, advocated a specific outlook, hoping that it would convince concerned Indonesians and provide the philosophic substance of a successful movement to gain national independence. The pamphlet has considerable historical value because it explains the viewpoint of one political faction on the eve of Indonesian inde pendence and outlines its points of contention with competing groups. It sums up the arguments of one group of Muslims, later known as "radi cal" Muslims, who wanted a clear commitment to certain Islamic ideals as the ideology of Indonesians. The arguments of this group had appeared repeatedly and in considerable detail throughout the 1930s in a series of publications- -Pembela Islam, Al-Fatwaa, and Al-Lisaan.' Those views had been an integral part of a wide-ranging dispute between the community favoring Islamic principles and the several groups re flecting indigenous value systems, particularly that of non-Muslim Java. -
6 X 10.Long New.P65
Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-12108-8 - The Idea of Indonesia: A History R. E. Elson Index More information Index Abduh, Muhammad 9, 156 air force 231 Abdulgani, Ruslan xvi, 176, 219 army (Dutch colonial – KNIL) 32, 126, Abdulkadir Besar 244, 249, 257 152, 153 Abdullah, Baginda Dahlan 23 army (Indonesian TKR, TNI, APRIS) Abendanon, J. H. 8, 22, 26, 29, 42 (see also Peta) xviii, xix, xxii, 126–8, Abikusno Cokrosuyoso 105 135, 136, 141, 147, 149, 150, 151, Aceh(nese) xvi, 5, 7, 9, 82, 99, 117, 124, 152, 153, 160, 163, 164, 167, 168, 132, 137, 143, 144, 147, 163, 164, 169, 170, 175, 179–80, 183–5, 186, 166, 206, 240, 266–9, 282, 284–6, 191, 196, 197, 199, 201, 203–4, 210, 287, 292, 304, 312, 319 211, 213, 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, Act of Free Choice 269, 287 223, 225, 226, 231, 232, 235, 239, Afghanistan 293 240, 244, 245, 251, 257–9, 260, 263, Afro-Asian conference 159 268, 269, 272, 274, 275, 282, 284, Agung, Anak Agung Gde 146 285, 286, 287, 288, 289, 292, 295, Aidit, D. N. xvi, 159, 166, 202, 223, 232, 234 301, 303, 304, 305, 312, 317, 320 Ajie, Ibrahim 236 dual function 220, 236, 237, 258, 304 Al-Azhar University 9, 44, 46 middle way 171, 203 al-Imam 10 Staff and Command College (SSKAD/ al-Islam Congress 80 Seskoad) 204, 236 Alisyahbana, Takdir 72 Assaat 65, 122, 175 Allies 102, 103, 110, 117–18, 122, 123, associationism xvii, xix, 10, 22, 27, 42, 129, 131 59, 77 All-Indies Congress 39, 44, 68 Attamimi, A. -
Bab Ii Riwayat Hidup Abdul Rahman Baswedan
BAB II RIWAYAT HIDUP ABDUL RAHMAN BASWEDAN A. Asal –Usul Hidup Abdul Rahman Baswedan Abdul Rahman Baswedan lahir di Surabaya tanggal 11 September 1908 dari pasangan Awad Baswedan dan Aliyah Binti Abdullah Jahrum anak ke tiga dari 7 tujuh bersudara. Nama lengkap Abdul Rahman Baswedan adalah Abdul Rahman Awad Baswedan. Nama Awad adalah nama ayahnya, sedangkan Baswedan adalah nama keluarga. Baswedan merupakan salah satu nama keluarga atau marga di masyarakat Arab.1Sebutan Baswedan sebagai nama suku diperkenalkan untuk pertama kalinya di Indonesia oleh kakek Abdul Rahman Baswedan yang bernama Umar bin Abubakar bin Mohammad bin Abdullah Baswedan bersama kakaknya Ali Baswedan. Umar Baswedan dan kakaknya adalah seorang saudagar berasal dari Hadramaut Yaman. Kakek Abdul Rahman Baswedan seorang pedagang dan ulama yang luas hubunganya. Mereka 1 Suratmin dan Didi Kwartanada, Biografi A.R.Baswedan Membangun Bangsa Merajut Keindonesiaan, (Jakarta: PT Kompas Media Nusantara, 2014), p.20 24 25 datang di Indonesia dengan tujuan ekonomi dan juga menyiarkan agama Islam.2 Beberapa orang yang menyandang nama Baswedan merupakan pribadi-pribadi yang cukup dikenal di kota Surabaya. Berdasarkan geneologi, marga Baswedan bukan termasuk golongan sayid, atau bukan keturunan langsung dari Nabi Muhammad, sehingga status sosial mereka lebih rendah didalam komunitas Arab karena pelapisan sosial dikalangan Arab terbagi menjadi empat golongan, yang pertama yaitu golongan Sayid (Keturunan langsung dari Nabi Muhamad SAW), golongan Gabli (bersenjata), golongan Syekh (Ulama), golongan Petani dan Buruh.3 Keluarga Abdul Rahman Baswedan termasuk keluarga yang berada dalam hal materi karena kakek Abdul Rahman Baswedan seorang pedagang atau Saudagar kaya di Surabaya. Ayahnya dan Abdul Rahman Baswedan mendapatkan warisan dari kakeknya. -
Dinamika Peranan Politik Keturunan Arab Di Tingkat Lokal
Dinamika Peranan Politik Keturunan Arab di Tingkat Lokal Burhan D. Magenda (Universitas Indonesia) Abstract The article focuses on the role of Indonesian of Arab descents in local politics, particularly in two provinces in Outer Islands, East Kalimantan and West Nusatenggara. While much have been researched on the role of Arab descents in national Politics such as studies by Hamid Algadri and Bisri Affendy, little is known about their roles in local politics. In East Kalimantan, Indonesian of Arab descents have played political roles up to the level of Vice Governor and other important positions, as far back as the Sultanates period in the 1950s. Similar important political role have also occurred in West Nusatenggara where Indonesian of Arab descents were the Chairman of Local Parliament (DPRD) and Assistant to the Governors, both in the 1950s and 1960s. The important roles that have been played by Indonesians of Arab descents are made possible by their “local assimilation” to the local indigenous communities, both trough intermarriages; common living in the same residential areas; common Islamic beliefs and their integration into Indonesian political system after dissolution of Indonesian party of Arab descent (PAI) in the 1930s which have differentiated them from the political history of Indonesian of Chinese descent (peranakan Tionghoa). Key words: the Arab Indonesian; local politics; religious assimilation. Pengantar Yang Dipertuan Agung Malaysia sekarang Studi tentang keturunan Arab di Asia adalah keturunan Arab, yakni Tuangku Syed Tenggara umumnya dan Indonesia khususnya Sirajuddin bin Djamalkulail. Di Indonesia, pada tidaklah banyak jumlahnya, apalagi jika jaman kolonial memang keturunan Arab dibandingkan dengan studi tentang ”Overseas dimasukkan dalam kelompok Timur Asing Chinese” (Tionghoa perantauan). -
Perjuangan Hamid Algadri Pada Masa Pergerakan Dan Pasca Kemerdekaan (1934-1950)
PERJUANGAN HAMID ALGADRI PADA MASA PERGERAKAN DAN PASCA KEMERDEKAAN (1934-1950) Tesis Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Magister Humaniora (M.Hum) Oleh: Lathifah Maryam NIM: 21140221000001 MAGISTER SEJARAH KEBUDAYAAN ISLAM FAKULTAS ADAB DAN HUMANIORA UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA 1490 H/2018 M ABSTRAK Lathifah Maryam. Perjuangan Hamid Algadri pada Masa Pergerakan dan Pasca Kemerdekaan (1934-1950) Peranakan Arab merupakan masyarakat yang memiliki darah Arab dan Pribumi Indonesia. Pada masa kolonial Belanda peranakan Arab masuk dalam golongan Timur Asing bersama dengan suku Tionghoa-Indonesia dan India-Indonesia. Menurut Van Den Berg, orang orang Arab di Nusantara tidak memiliki kepedulian terhadap perpolitikan di Nusantara selama kepentingan material dan spiritual mereka tidak menjadi taruhan, orang-orang Arab di Nusantara bersikap netral dan membantu kolonial Belanda. Pada masa pergerakan, ditandai dengan munculnya gagasan mengenai Nasionalisme dan organisasi-organisasi pergerakan untuk mewujudkan kemerdekaan di Indonesia, memberikan kesadaran kebangsaan kepada masyarakat Arab dan peranakan untuk sama-sama berjuang melawan kolonial. Hamid Algadri merupakan peranakan Arab yang turut berjuang melawan kolonial Belanda untuk mewujudkan kemerdekaan di Indonesia. Penelitian dengan judul “Perjuangan Hamid Algadri pada Masa Pergerakan dan Pasca Kemerdekaan (1934-1950)” bertujuan untuk, pertama, menganalisis landasan pergerakan kebangsaan Hamid Algadri di Indonesia yang mendorongnya untuk bergerak melawan kolonial. Kedua, adalah menjelaskan tentang Perjuangan Hamid Algadri pada masa pergerakan dan pasca kemerdekaan di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini adalah, bahwa Hamid Algadri merupakan peranakan Arab yang memberikan inspirasi dan berhasil menumbuhkan kesadaran kebangsaan dikalangan peranakan Arab untuk menolak penjajahan dan menjunjung tinggi nasionalisme Indonesia baik masa pergerakan maupun pasca kemerdekaan. Kata kunci: Hamid Algadri, perjuangan, pergerakan, pasca kemerdekaan. -
THE ARABS of SURABAYA a Study of Sociocultural Integration a Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master of Arts of the Australian
THE ARABS OF SURABAYA A Study of Sociocultural Integration * LIBRARY ^ A thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Arts of the Australian National University by ABDUL RACHMAN PATJI June 1991 I declare that this thesis is my own composition, and that all sources have been acknowledged. Abdul Rachman PatJi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This thesis has grown out of an academic effort that has been nourished by the support, advice, kindness, generosity, and patience of many people to whom I owe many debts. I am grateful to AIDAB (Australian International Development Assistance Bureau) for awarding me a scholarship which enabled me to pursue my study at the ANU (the Australian National University) in Canberra. To all the administrators of AIDAB, I express my gratitude. To LIPI (Indonesian Institute of Sciences), I would like to express my appreciation for allowing me to undertake study in Australia. My eternal thank go to Professor Anthony Forge for inviting me to study in the Department of Prehistory and Anthropology at ANU. I express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to Professor James Fox, my supervisor, for his scholarly assistance, encouragement, and supervision in the preparation of this thesis. He has always been an insightful commentator and a tireless editor of my work. I wish to thank all my teachers in the Department of Prehistory and Anthropology and all staff of the Department who always showed willingness to help during my study. The help rendered by Dr Doug Miles in commenting on Chapter I of this thesis and the attention given by Dr Margot Lyon during my study can never been forgotten. -
George Mc.T. Kahin
S o m e R ecollections a n d R e f l e c t io n s o n t h e I n d o n e s ia n R e v o l u t io n George Mc.T. Kahin Editor's Note: On July 12-14 of this year, the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia) and its journal, Sejarah (History) held an international conference in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of the Indonesian revolution entitled Revolusi Nasional: Kajian, Kenangan, dan Renungan (National Revolution: Studies, Recollections, and Reflections), at which George McT. Kahin, Emeritus Prcfessor cf International Studies at Cornell University, was invited to give a keynote address. The editors of Indonesia wish to express their gratitude to the Indonesian Institute cf Sciences for permission to publish this address. What can a foreign observer contribute to an understanding of Indonesia's revolution? Perhaps very little, but I would hope enough in terms of perspective and relevant, but now apparently forgotten, elements of history to justify a hearing. If I am at all successful in adding anything to an understanding of the revolution it would be because during one of its most critical periods I was in Yogyakarta and was fortunate enough to gain the confidence of and have numerous talks with some of the Republic's major leaders—and perhaps, from the standpoint of history, because I usually took careful notes.1 My good fortune in meeting these men was probably largely because I was something of a curiosity. Not only was I one of the very few foreigners, and the only American, in Yogyakarta, but I had reached there in August, 1948 by driving a very old jeep flying American flags through the buffer zone and across the status quo line separating Dutch and Republican forces. -
University of Groningen the Hadrami Arabs of Ambon Istiqomah, I
University of Groningen The Hadrami Arabs of Ambon Istiqomah, I. DOI: 10.33612/diss.108467449 IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2020 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Istiqomah, I. (2020). The Hadrami Arabs of Ambon: an Ethnographic Study of Diasporic Identity Construction in Everyday Life Practices. University of Groningen. https://doi.org/10.33612/diss.108467449 Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). The publication may also be distributed here under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the “Taverne” license. More information can be found on the University of Groningen website: https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/self-archiving-pure/taverne- amendment. Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 09-10-2021 The Hadrami Arabs of Ambon © Istiqomah, 2019 ISBN: 978-94-034-2275-6 (print) ISBN: 978-94-034-2276-3 (e-book) Cover layout: Liviawaty Hendranata Cover photo: Indonesian pilgrims of Hadrami and non-Hadrami origin praying next to the wooden covered grave of a saint in the Region of Hadramaut in Yemen. -
Conceptualizing Homeland Among the Upholders of the Thariqah ‘Alawiyyah in Indonesia
Code: 19.8.3 Paper presented as a contribution to the International Symposium of Anthropology organized by Journal Anthropologi Indonesia and the University of Indonesia in Jakarta, 12-16 July 2005. Land of the Sacred, Land of the Damned: Conceptualizing homeland among the upholders of the Thariqah ‘Alawiyyah in Indonesia By: Ismail F. Alatas1 ‘The real issue is whether indeed there can be a true representation of anything, or whether any and all representations, because they are representations, are embedded in the language and then in the culture, institutions, and political ambiance of the representer. If the latter alternative is the correct one (as I believe it is), then we must be prepared to accept the fact that a representation is eo ipso implicated, intertwined, embedded, interwoven with a great many other things beside the “truth”, which is itself a representation.’ -Edward W. Said2 The construction of identity among Hadrami migrants in Indonesia has been the subject of extensive historical inquiry. At the centre of these inquiries lies the question of the relationship between the Hadramis in the mahjar (hostland) in this case Indonesia and their homeland, Hadramaut. It is from this transnational connection and 1 Ismail F. Alatas is an honours student at the History Department, University of Melbourne, Australia. 2 Edward W. Said, Orientalism (London: Penguin Books, 1995) p. 272. 1 4th International Symposium of the journal ANTROPOLOGI INDONESIA — 12–15 July 2005 — Depok relationship that different variants of identity were constructed.3 These investigations, however, focus particularly on political and cultural notions of identity as a result of over reliance by historians on secular sources.