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FACES AND PLACES SYMPOSIUM CERN inaugurates LHC cyrogenics Inauguration and ribbon-cutting ceremony of LHC cryogenics by CERN officials: from left, Giorgio Passardi, leader of cryogenics for experiments group; Philippe Lebrun, head of the accelerator Members of the CERN cryogenic groups in front of the Globe of technology department; Giorgio Brianti, founder of the LHC Science and Innovation, where the symposium took place. (Globe project; Lyn Evans, LHC project leader and Laurent Tavian, leader conception T Buchi, Charpente Concept and H Dessimoz, Group H.) of the cryogenics for accelerators group. The beginning of June saw the start of a coils operating at 1.9 K. Besides enhancing Tennessee. Although the commissioning new phase at the LHC project, with the the performance of the niobium-titanium work is far from finished, the cyrogenics inauguration of LHC cryogenics. This was superconductor, this temperature regime groups at CERN felt that after 10 years of marked with a symposium in the Globe makes use of the excellent heat-transfer construction it was now a good time to of Science and Innovation attended by properties of helium in its superfluid state. celebrate, organizing the Symposium for the 178 representatives of the research The design for the LHC cryogenics had to Inauguration of LHC Cryogenics that took institutes involved and industrial partners. incorporate both newly ordered and reused place on 31 May-1 June at CERN's Globe of It also coincided with the stable low- refrigeration plant from LEP operating Science and Innovation. After an inaugural temperature operation of the cryogenic plant at 4.5 K – together with a second stage address by CERN’s director-general, for sector 7–8, the first sector to be cooled operating at 1.9 K – in a system that could Robert Aymar, the programme included down (CERN Courier May 2007 p5). be replicated around the LHC. 21 presentations of the different aspects of The LHC and its large particle detectors The main elements for both the the system, an industrial exhibition by seven make intensive use of superconducting accelerator and the detectors are now companies, and visits to technical sites magnets and cryogenics. The LHC helium operational. The large superconducting above and below ground. cryogenic system is the largest and most magnets and liquid argon calorimeters for The symposium brought together complex ever built, with more than 160 kW the ATLAS and CMS experiments have been specialists from industry, participating equivalent at 4.5 K and 20 kW at 1.8 K cooled and tested, and all superconducting institutes and CERN, all involved in the (CERN Courier May 2004 p5). Cryogenic magnets for the accelerator have been design and construction of the LHC systems are important for both the ATLAS procured from industry, cold tested at CERN cryogenic system. Some 20 general and CMS detectors, which use different and installed in the ring. The first 3.3 km and scientific journalists also attended. technologies, with helium and argon sector of the machine – one-eighth of the The event culminated with the formal required for their superconducting magnet circumference – has been cooled down and inauguration and ribbon-cutting by the LHC systems and for the ATLAS calorimeter tested, permitting the full-scale validation project leader Lyn Evans and a final buffet. (CERN Courier December 2005 p28). of basic design choices. In particular, The event was co-sponsored by Air Liquide The system for the LHC involves many thanks to the superfluid helium cooling DTA (France), ISQ (Portugal) and Linde industrial-scale devices, where reliability system, the magnet temperature could be Kryotechnik AG (Switzerland). is of paramount importance. The LHC’s controlled to within 0.1 K over the sector ● The programme for the symposium can be energy of 7 TeV requires a strong magnetic length. The results were recently reported at found at http://indico.cern.ch/internalPage. field, which is provided by niobium-titanium the CEC 2007 conference in Chattanooga, py?pageId=3&confId=9046. CERN Courier September 2007 49 CCSepFaces.indd 49 14/8/07 15:36:34 Advanced 3D finite-element FACES AND PLACES software for your PC! COLLABORATION Chile strengthens relations with CERN... The President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet, paid a visit to CERN during her three-day tour of Switzerland at the beginning of June. The visit was also the occasion for the signing of a co-operation agreement between CERN and Chile’s Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICyT), represented by the The President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet commission’s president, Vivian Heyl. (right), in the ATLAS cavern with (from left During the visit, Michelle Bachelet and her to right) Peter Jenni, ATLAS spokesman, delegation were greeted by CERN’s director- Vivian Heyl, CONICyT president, and Robert HV systems, X-ray imaging, general, Robert Aymar, and shown the ATLAS Aymar, CERN’s director-general. magnet design, electron/ion guns, experiment and the LHC. Bachelet also took shock hydrodynamics and more... time to meet the Chilean community working at CERN, comprising several physicists in the Theory Group and the ATLAS experiment. The co-operation agreement between CERN and CONICyT provides a framework !RRANGEAFREETRIALAT for the long-term participation of students WWWFIELDPCOM and scientific and technical staff from Chile’s universities and research institutes Robert Aymar signing the co-operation in CERN’s experimental programme. At the agreement between CERN and Chile’s same time, Pedro Pablo Rosso, rector of Comisión Nacional de Investigación the Pontificia Universidad Católica, and Científica y Tecnológica (CONICyT). José Rodriguez, rector of the Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, also signed Jenni relating to co-operation between the agreements with ATLAS spokesman Peter experiment and their two universities. ...and Mexican research council signs MOU José Antonio de la Peña, the deputy-director for science of the main Mexican funding agency Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), came to CERN on 14–15 May. His visit included the LHC experiments and the CLIC facility, and it concluded with his signing a memorandum of understanding together with Robert Aymar, CERN’s director-general, for Mexican contribution to the ALICE experiment. A major part of the visit centred on José Antonio de la Peña (right) signs the discussions between de la Peña and leaders MOU between CONACyT and CERN. of the ALICE collaboration. The bulk of Mexican effort at CERN is concentrated designed and produced by the groups from on the ALICE experiment at the LHC, with Cinvestav, BUAP (Puebla) and ICN-UNAM, about 35 people (half of them students) under the project leader Arturo Fernández in two detector projects, the V0 (a forward from BUAP. He also expressed the wish to detector) and the cosmic-ray trigger extend the collaboration of CONACyT to array ACORDE. De la Peña underlined his other areas at CERN, mainly in connection satisfaction with the ACORDE detector, with the training of Mexican undergraduate which has been conceived, completely and postdoctorate researchers. 50 CERN Courier September 2007 CCSepFaces.indd 50 14/8/07 15:37:02 FACES AND PLACES AWARDS EPS honours quark mixing with 2007 prize The European Physical Society High Energy effort to the complex analysis that and Particle Physics Prize for 2007 has provided the first measurement of the been awarded to Makoto Kobayashi of KEK frequency of Bs oscillations”. and Toshihide Maskawa of the University The 2007 Gribov Medal for outstanding of Tokyo for “the proposal of a successful work by a young physicist in theoretical mechanism for CP violation in the Standard particle physics and/or field theory was Model, predicting the existence of a third awarded to Niklas Beisert of the MPI für family of quarks”. Experimental evidence for Gravitationsphysik for his “contributions to CP violation first emerged in 1964 (p12) but the exploration of integrability properties of it was not until 1973 that Kobayashi and a 4D quantum field theory, N = 4 Maskawa pointed to a possible solution to supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory”. the unexpected phenomenon. They noted The 2007 EPS Outreach Prize was that mixing between different quarks (as first awarded to CERN’s Richard Jacobsson proposed by Nicola Cabibbo in 1963) could and Charles Timmermans of NIKHEF and explain the CP violation so far observed Radboud University for their “outstanding – but only if there were six types of quark, contributions in promoting high-energy rather than the three known at the time. physics to the public and in high schools This bold suggestion was subsequently in Europe”. Jacobsson has been involved verified with the discovery in experiments in outreach at CERN for many years, most of three new types of quark and by the recently with the LHCb experiment for the recent observations by the Belle and BaBar Makoto Kobayashi (right) receives the LHC. Timmermans is the principal initiator experiments of CP violation in the decays of 2007 EPS HEPP award, on behalf of of the HISPARC project through which Dutch B mesons at precisely the level predicted himself and his colleague Toshihide high-schools are participating in the study by the theory of Kobayashi and Maskawa. Maskawa, from David Wark, Chair of the of cosmic rays (CERN Courier July/August Kobayashi received the prize on behalf of EPS HEPP Board. (Courtesy Per Osland.) 2004 p12). In addition, the Outreach Prize the two physicists on 23 July at the EPS Selection Committee made special mention conference on High Energy Particle Physics Furic´ of the University of Chicago, Guillelmo of Anne Gaud McKee, who lost her life in a in Manchester. The award ceremony also Gómez-Ceballos of the Massachusetts walking accident in 2006. She created the saw the presentation of further EPS prizes. Institute of Technology and Stephanie company Miméscope and, in particular, the For physics that is intimately connected Menzemer of Ruprecht-Karls-Universität spectacle The DELPHI Oracle, performed at with the third generation of quarks required Heidelberg.
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