FACES AND PLACES

s y m p o s i u m CERN inaugurates LHC cyrogenics

Inauguration and ribbon-cutting ceremony of LHC cryogenics by CERN officials: from left, Giorgio Passardi, leader of cryogenics for experiments group; Philippe Lebrun, head of the accelerator Members of the CERN cryogenic groups in front of the Globe of technology department; Giorgio Brianti, founder of the LHC Science and Innovation, where the symposium took place. (Globe project; , LHC project leader and Laurent Tavian, leader conception T Buchi, Charpente Concept and H Dessimoz, Group H.) of the cryogenics for accelerators group.

The beginning of June saw the start of a coils operating at 1.9 K. Besides enhancing Tennessee. Although the commissioning new phase at the LHC project, with the the performance of the niobium-titanium work is far from finished, the cyrogenics inauguration of LHC cryogenics. This was superconductor, this temperature regime groups at CERN felt that after 10 years of marked with a symposium in the Globe makes use of the excellent heat-transfer construction it was now a good time to of Science and Innovation attended by properties of helium in its superfluid state. celebrate, organizing the Symposium for the 178 representatives of the research The design for the LHC cryogenics had to Inauguration of LHC Cryogenics that took institutes involved and industrial partners. incorporate both newly ordered and reused place on 31 May-1 June at CERN's Globe of It also coincided with the stable low- refrigeration plant from LEP operating Science and Innovation. After an inaugural temperature operation of the cryogenic plant at 4.5 K – together with a second stage address by CERN’s director-general, for sector 7–8, the first sector to be cooled operating at 1.9 K – in a system that could Robert Aymar, the programme included down (CERN Courier May 2007 p5). be replicated around the LHC. 21 presentations of the different aspects of The LHC and its large particle detectors The main elements for both the the system, an industrial exhibition by seven make intensive use of superconducting accelerator and the detectors are now companies, and visits to technical sites magnets and cryogenics. The LHC helium operational. The large superconducting above and below ground. cryogenic system is the largest and most magnets and liquid argon calorimeters for The symposium brought together complex ever built, with more than 160 kW the ATLAS and CMS experiments have been specialists from industry, participating equivalent at 4.5 K and 20 kW at 1.8 K cooled and tested, and all superconducting institutes and CERN, all involved in the (CERN Courier May 2004 p5). Cryogenic magnets for the accelerator have been design and construction of the LHC systems are important for both the ATLAS procured from industry, cold tested at CERN cryogenic system. Some 20 general and CMS detectors, which use different and installed in the ring. The first 3.3 km and scientific journalists also attended. technologies, with helium and argon sector of the machine – one-eighth of the The event culminated with the formal required for their superconducting magnet circumference – has been cooled down and inauguration and ribbon-cutting by the LHC systems and for the ATLAS calorimeter tested, permitting the full-scale validation project leader Lyn Evans and a final buffet. (CERN Courier December 2005 p28). of basic design choices. In particular, The event was co-sponsored by Air Liquide The system for the LHC involves many thanks to the superfluid helium cooling DTA (France), ISQ (Portugal) and Linde industrial-scale devices, where reliability system, the magnet temperature could be Kryotechnik AG (). is of paramount importance. The LHC’s controlled to within 0.1 K over the sector ● The programme for the symposium can be energy of 7 TeV requires a strong magnetic length. The results were recently reported at found at http://indico.cern.ch/internalPage. field, which is provided by niobium-titanium the CEC 2007 conference in Chattanooga, py?pageId=3&confId=9046.

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collaboration Chile strengthens relations with CERN...

The President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet, paid a visit to CERN during her three-day tour of Switzerland at the beginning of June. The visit was also the occasion for the signing of a co-operation agreement between CERN and Chile’s Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICyT), represented by the The President of Chile, Michelle Bachelet commission’s president, Vivian Heyl. (right), in the ATLAS cavern with (from left During the visit, Michelle Bachelet and her to right) Peter Jenni, ATLAS spokesman, delegation were greeted by CERN’s director- Vivian Heyl, CONICyT president, and Robert HV systems, X-ray imaging, general, Robert Aymar, and shown the ATLAS Aymar, CERN’s director-general. magnet design, electron/ion guns, experiment and the LHC. Bachelet also took shock hydrodynamics and more... time to meet the Chilean community working at CERN, comprising several in the Theory Group and the ATLAS experiment. The co-operation agreement between CERN and CONICyT provides a framework !RRANGEAFREETRIALAT for the long-term participation of students WWWFIELDPCOM and scientific and technical staff from Chile’s universities and research institutes Robert Aymar signing the co-operation in CERN’s experimental programme. At the agreement between CERN and Chile’s same time, Pedro Pablo Rosso, rector of Comisión Nacional de Investigación the Pontificia Universidad Católica, and Científica y Tecnológica (CONICyT). José Rodriguez, rector of the Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, also signed Jenni relating to co-operation between the agreements with ATLAS spokesman Peter experiment and their two universities. ...and Mexican research council signs MOU

José Antonio de la Peña, the deputy-director for science of the main Mexican funding agency Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT), came to CERN on 14–15 May. His visit included the LHC experiments and the CLIC facility, and it concluded with his signing a memorandum of understanding together with Robert Aymar, CERN’s director-general, for Mexican contribution to the ALICE experiment. A major part of the visit centred on José Antonio de la Peña (right) signs the discussions between de la Peña and leaders MOU between CONACyT and CERN. of the ALICE collaboration. The bulk of Mexican effort at CERN is concentrated designed and produced by the groups from on the ALICE experiment at the LHC, with Cinvestav, BUAP (Puebla) and ICN-UNAM, about 35 people (half of them students) under the project leader Arturo Fernández in two detector projects, the V0 (a forward from BUAP. He also expressed the wish to detector) and the cosmic-ray trigger extend the collaboration of CONACyT to array ACORDE. De la Peña underlined his other areas at CERN, mainly in connection satisfaction with the ACORDE detector, with the training of Mexican undergraduate which has been conceived, completely and postdoctorate researchers.

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AWARDS EPS honours quark mixing with 2007 prize

The European Physical Society High Energy effort to the complex analysis that and Particle Prize for 2007 has provided the first measurement of the been awarded to Makoto Kobayashi of KEK frequency of Bs oscillations”. and Toshihide Maskawa of the University The 2007 Gribov Medal for outstanding of Tokyo for “the proposal of a successful work by a young in theoretical mechanism for CP violation in the Standard and/or field theory was Model, predicting the existence of a third awarded to Niklas Beisert of the MPI für family of quarks”. Experimental evidence for Gravitationsphysik for his “contributions to CP violation first emerged in 1964 (p12) but the exploration of integrability properties of it was not until 1973 that Kobayashi and a 4D , N = 4 Maskawa pointed to a possible solution to supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory”. the unexpected phenomenon. They noted The 2007 EPS Outreach Prize was that mixing between different quarks (as first awarded to CERN’s Richard Jacobsson proposed by Nicola Cabibbo in 1963) could and Charles Timmermans of NIKHEF and explain the CP violation so far observed Radboud University for their “outstanding – but only if there were six types of quark, contributions in promoting high-energy rather than the three known at the time. physics to the public and in high schools This bold suggestion was subsequently in Europe”. Jacobsson has been involved verified with the discovery in experiments in outreach at CERN for many years, most of three new types of quark and by the recently with the LHCb experiment for the recent observations by the Belle and BaBar Makoto Kobayashi (right) receives the LHC. Timmermans is the principal initiator experiments of CP violation in the decays of 2007 EPS HEPP award, on behalf of of the HISPARC project through which Dutch B mesons at precisely the level predicted himself and his colleague Toshihide high-schools are participating in the study by the theory of Kobayashi and Maskawa. Maskawa, from David Wark, Chair of the of cosmic rays (CERN Courier July/August Kobayashi received the prize on behalf of EPS HEPP Board. (Courtesy Per Osland.) 2004 p12). In addition, the Outreach Prize the two physicists on 23 July at the EPS Selection Committee made special mention conference on High Energy Particle Physics Furic´ of the University of Chicago, Guillelmo of Anne Gaud McKee, who lost her life in a in Manchester. The award ceremony also Gómez-Ceballos of the Massachusetts walking accident in 2006. She created the saw the presentation of further EPS prizes. Institute of Technology and Stephanie company Miméscope and, in particular, the For physics that is intimately connected Menzemer of Ruprecht-Karls-Universität spectacle The DELPHI Oracle, performed at with the third generation of quarks required Heidelberg. They were rewarded for “their CERN at the closure of LEP in 2000 and later by Kobayashi and Maskawa, the 2007 EPS outstanding contributions displaying in Lausanne, Paris, London and Edinburgh Young Physicist Prize was awarded to Ivan individual creativity and collaborative (CERN Courier June 2000 p31.). WHICH STORY DOES THIS REFER TO?

i n d u s t r y channels per module was less than 2 × 10–3. ATLAS rewards They also stayed within budget and on schedule. The two suppliers demonstrated two pixel suppliers great flexibility in designing modules based on electronic components and sensors that The Fraunhofer Institut für Zuverlässigkeit were imposed by the experiment. und Mikrointegration (IZM) in Berlin and In responding to the challenge, IZM and the company SELEX Sistemi Integrati have SELEX used two different methods. SELEX received supplier awards from the ATLAS ATLAS spokesperson Peter Jenni (right) used a process involving indium deposits collaboration, presented in a ceremony presented the ATLAS supplier awards to followed by thermocompression, while IZM held on 13 June. The prizes were for the Herbert Reichl, IZM director, and opted for the electrolytic deposition of manufacture of modules for the ATLAS Simonetta Di Gioia from SELEX. Pb/Sn. Both techniques allowed the strict pixel detector. SELEX supplied 1500 of the characteristics required by ATLAS to be met. modules for the tracker, while IZM produced of the ATLAS pixel detector. IZM and SELEX SELEX worked in close collaboration with a further 1300. The modules, each made received the awards for the excellent quality the Genoa and Milan INFN groups, while IZM up of 46 080 channels, form the active part of their work – the average number of faulty collaborated with the University of Bonn.

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a p p o i n t m e n t s SLAC announces new heads for particle and particle astrophysics

Steven Kahn, the current deputy-director of the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), has been named the next director of particle and particle astrophysics (PPA) at SLAC. David MacFarlane, currently the assistant director for elementary particle physics, will take on the role of deputy-director of particle and particle astrophysics. As director of PPA, Kahn will oversee SLAC’s B-Factory programme (the PEP-II accelerator and the associated detector, BaBar), the work at KIPAC sponsored by the US Department of Energy, the SLAC-based teams working on the ATLAS experiment at the LHC at CERN and also the International Linear Collider effort, advanced accelerator research and the non-accelerator particle physics programmes. He will replace Persis Drell, who has served as director of PPA since 2002, David MacFarlane (left) and Steve Kahn take on new roles at SLAC. (Courtesy SLAC.) on 1 August. Drell will stay on as deputy director of the laboratory until the end of he oversaw both astrophysics and particle the new position, he will continue working as the year. In addition to serving as deputy physics research. He has also served on the deputy-director of the Large Synoptic Survey director of PPA, Kahn retains the joint faculty Fermilab Physics Advisory Committee for Telescope project. appointment at SLAC and in Stanford’s the past four years and was an influential David MacFarlane served as spokesperson physics department that he has held since member of the committee that wrote the for the BaBar collaboration from 2004 moving to Stanford four years ago. Prior to High Energy Physics Advisory Panel’s until 2006, and he joined SLAC’s faculty in that, Kahn served as chair of the physics Quantum Universe report. While he will step the autumn of 2005 from the University of department at Columbia University, where down from his current role at KIPAC to take California at San Diego.

l e tt e r s

Thirring’s achievements Elliott Lieb, he gave a beautiful proof of the the Orient (the Arabic zifr is commemorated The short article above the picture of Walter “stability of matter”, i.e. the fact that, if you in our ‘cipher’).” However, readers of CERN Thirring and on p38 of the ignore gravity, an assembly of N atoms has Courier should be informed that the concept July/August 2007 edition of CERN Courier a binding energy and a volume proportional of zero is correctly attributable to the mentions the Thirring model, but this is to N. He is also a pianist, an organist and a Greeks. By trying to understand what there only one of Thirring’s many achievements. composer of chamber music. is between zero and one, Zeno (500 BC) Besides contributions to gravity and general Andre Martin, CERN. discovered his famous formula, the modern relativity – following in the line of his formulation of which is: ∞ father, – he made pioneering The Greek origin of zero 1 = ∑ (½)n contributions to dispersion relations and In his review of The Human Touch by Michael n = 1 the , and he obtained many Frayn (CERN Courier July/August 2007 p54) The Arabic zifr came many centuries later. beautiful results in the field of rigorous Gordon Fraser said: “The concept of zero, Antonino Zichichi, INFN/University of quantum mechanics. In particular, with attributed to the Greeks, was imported from Bologna/CERN.

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co-operation The members of ERF sign charter document of formal association At a recent meeting at DESY in , the founding members of the European Association of National Research Facilities (ERF) signed a charter document to constitute the association formally. The ERF is an initiative by 11 European laboratories to promote the co-operation between individual nationally funded large- scale research facilities in Europe. Among its associates are European laboratories that provide large facilities with neutrons, lasers, synchrotron light, ions and particles with open access to international scientific communities. Its present chair is Albrecht Wagner, chairman of the DESY directorate. Albrecht Wagner (DESY and Chair of ERF) signing the ERF charter document. From left to The association now has 14 nationally right: A Kleyn (FOM Rijnhuizen), R Eichler (PSI), D Raoux (Soleil), K G Jeffery (STFC), funded European laboratories as members, C Rizzuto (Elettra), W Sandner (MBI/Laserlab-Europe) and M Steiner (HMI). which together serve more than 13 000 users worldwide and cover a wide research scientific and technical expertise for national Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung spectrum, from archaeology to life sciences, and European policy making and represent mbH, ; Elettra-Societa Sincrotrone, including an estimated 20% directly or a large constituency of large-scale research Italy; DESY; MAX-Lab, Sweden; Grand indirectly connected with industry. facilities speaking with one voice to decision Accelerateur National d’Ions Lourds, France; The aim of the ERF is to provide a forum makers. With the help of topic-oriented joint Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland; FOM to coordinate the development of leading initiatives and consortia, the ERF will make Rijnhuizen, the Netherlands; Max-Born national facilities for European research and resources for large-scale research facilities Institut, Germany; Hahn-Meitner Institut, to develop mechanisms and best practices available by co-operation. Germany; and Science and Technology for international access to large-scale ● The founder members of ERF are Facilities Council, UK. research facilities. It will act as a source of Societé Civile Synchrotron Soleil, France; ● http://www.europeanresearchfacilities.eu.

n e w p r o d u c t s

DeMaCo has gained three renewed resolutions of up to 1280 × 1024 pixels at 1% performance. The compact footprint certificates this year. Along with ISO 9001, 60 Hz and multiple interfaces (DVI, VGA, uses little board space, but operates cool it was awarded the ISO 3834-2 certification RGsB, STANAG). Two video inputs support for outstanding stability. For details, tel for welding quality assurance. The company an SVGA capture resolution. For further +49 89 89 577 514; email [email protected] has also obtained the PED Module H details, tel +1 800 445 6194, +1 215 956 or see www.ams.de. and H1 certificates, which indicate the 1200 or +33 298 573 030; e-mail sales@ independence to design and produce acttechnico.com or info@interfaceconcept. Andor Technology has launched two new pressure equipment without a TPI. For more com, or see www.acttechnico.com. spectrographs, the Shamrock SR-500 information, see www.demaco.nl/vacuum. and SR-750. Features include direct and AMS Technologies has announced the responsive control of the spectrograph Interface Concept and ACT/Technico availability of new current-sense resistors and camera through Andor Solis software, have unveiled a new high-performance from Caddock Electronics, Inc. The Model allowing the user to control wavelength COTS graphics PMC, the IC-GRA-PMCa. As SR20 is now available in resistance and calibration, grating selection, shutter an advanced graphics board, the IC-GRA- values as low as 0.005 ohm (5 milliohm) control and filter selection, and a facility PMCa features a 128 MB DDR memory at for continuous currents up of to 20 A. It to join spectra together. For details, tel 266 Mbps, two video output channels with features Kelvin (four-wire leads) for accurate +44 28 9023 7126 or see www.andor.com.

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MINISTERIAL VISITS

On 11 June, the Austrian minister of science and research, Johannes Hahn (left), visited CERN. After touring the CMS experiment with Felicitas Pauss, deputy president for the collaboration committee of CMS, Hahn visited the computing centre, met with CERN’s director-general, Robert Aymar, and later met Austrian students based at CERN.

Poland’s minister for science and higher The following day, on 12 June, it was education, Michal Sewerynski (centre), the turn of Claus Hjort Frederiksen followed suit on 12 July. His tour of CERN (left), the Danish employment minister, included the CMS experiment, together to come to CERN. He was given a with the spokesperson, Jim Virdee tour of the ALICE cavern by Jens (left), and CERN’s chief scientific officer, Jorgen Gaardhoje from the Niels Bohr Jos Engelen. His visit finished with a Institute and a member of the ALICE presentation of Polish companies involved collaboration, and also visited the with CERN. The minister also had time to ATLAS experiment. meet Polish personnel at CERN.

Anton Anton (far right), president of the National Authority for Scientific Research in Romania, came to CERN on 19 April. His visit included tours of the ATLAS and ALICE experiments and the LHC tunnel. Here he talks with members of CERN’s Romanian community.

A day later, on 13 July, Ján Mikolaj (second from left), deputy prime minister Lithuanian prime minister and minister of education of the Slovak Gediminas Kirkilas (far left) Republic, came to CERN. His visit included came to CERN on 2 July. His a tour of the ALICE experiment, here with visit included a guided tour of deputy spokesperson Paolo Giubellino the ATLAS cavern, accompanied (yellow hard hat), ATLAS and the computer by CERN's director-general, centre. He was also shown the CLIC Robert Aymar (second from facilities and took time to meet the Slovak left) and an inspection of the personnel working at CERN. LHC tunnel.

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o b i t u a r i e s Vincent Z Peterson 1921–2007

Vincent Z Peterson died peacefully in great excitement of the other attendees, Berkeley, California, on 17 May 2007. He including Richard Feynman. was 85. He was professor of high-energy Vince was part of the international physics, first at Caltech and later at the committee that organized conferences University of Hawaii, where he founded – on neutrino physics and was conference and then headed – the high-energy physics director for the Neutrino ’81 meeting in group until his retirement in 1992. Maui. In the 1980s, the experimental group Vince was born and raised in Galesburg, split into accelerator and non-accelerator Illinois, and went to Pomona College, physics and the Hawaii DUMAND Center majoring in physics. During the Second was formed with the purpose of building an World War, he was assigned to special undersea muon and neutrino detector off the projects in antisubmarine detection in coast of the Big Island of Hawaii. Vince was the US Navy. After the war, he attended the director, with Vic Stenger as associate the University of California, Berkeley, director and John Learned as technical where he received his PhD in physics with Hawaii was involved in studying CP violation director. Although the project was eventually W K H Panofsky, before joining Caltech, in K0 → 2π0 at the Bevatron, transition cancelled, Hawaii pioneered the field of VHE where he remained for 12 years. radiation at SLAC, charmed particle neutrino astrophysics, which is still under In 1962, he was hired by the University of production, weak neutral weak currents and active development today with experiments Hawaii to set up a programme in high-energy QCD with neutrinos at Fermilab. in the Mediterranean and Antarctica. With physics. Hawaii had become the 50th state Detector development was one of Vince’s Vince’s encouragement, Learned and other of the US in 1959 and had decided that its continuing interests and he maintained group members played major roles in the university should become a major research close ties with colleagues at high-energy IMB proton-decay experiment in Cleveland institution. Vince was able to get a sizeable labs. In particular, he encouraged and and the Super-Kamiokande experiment in grant from the Atomic Energy Commission supported the work of Hawaii group-member Japan. The 1998 paper announcing the first and brought in Bob Cence and Vic Stenger in Sherwood Parker at Berkeley and SLAC. This evidence that neutrinos have mass included 1963 to form the core experimental group. included the development of wire chambers Learned, Stenger and other group members He developed a close collaboration with the for external muon identification, silicon as co-authors. Moyer–Helmholtz group at the Lawrence microstrip detectors and pixel detectors. Vince and his wife Elisabeth (Tess) always Radiation Laboratory in Berkeley, while his Vince did not neglect the theoretical side treated the members of the group as family, own group began assembling the apparatus of high-energy physics but arranged for holding many Sunday barbecues at their needed for bubble chamber analysis in Peter Dobson and San Fu Tuan to come to house in Kailua close to the beach. They Hawaii. Vince had a great feeling for what Hawaii to start a theory group. Starting in spent sabbatical years in Rome, Oxford and was important in the field and made sure 1965, Vince and San Fu organized a series Geneva, always keeping in touch with friends that the Hawaii group was always involved in of highly successful topical conferences that around the world – many of whom visited forefront experiments, particularly through took place every other summer until 1985. them in Hawaii. Vince led a long and fulfilling close collaborations with Berkeley, Fermilab At one memorable conference in 1973, Don life, and he will be remembered and missed and several large university groups. Perkins of Oxford announced the discovery by his family and friends. Among various important experiments, of weak neutral currents at CERN, to the Andrea Peterson and Vic Stenger. Wolfgang Kummer 1935–2007

Wolfgang Kummer, a prominent Austrian heading a newly founded second institute brought Kummer into contact with Victor theoretical physicist and former president for theoretical physics devoted to theoretical Weisskopf, then director-general of CERN, of CERN Council (1985–1987), passed high-energy physics. and Weisskopf invited him to come back as away on 15 July 2007 after a long fight From early on, Kummer’s career was a CERN fellow and his scientific assistant with cancer. He obtained a doctorate intimately connected with CERN, where from 1963 to 1964. In 1966, Kummer in physics in 1960 from the Technical he came on a Ford scholarship from became the first director of the Institute University of and in 1968 became October 1961 until March 1962, which for High Energy Physics of the Austrian one of the youngest full professors ever, had obtained for him. This Academy of Sciences, which he led until the

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end of 1971, parallel to his professorship Physical Society from 1995 to 1999, he at the Technical University. Simultaneously, was especially responsible for building up he also became the Austrian delegate to a theoretical high-energy physics group the CERN Council and was soon elected to at the Technical chair the Finance Committee, overseeing the – covering a broad range of research in construction of the ISR. In 1980, Kummer quantum field theory, string theory and returned to the CERN Council as its vice- (mainly 2D) quantum gravity. Kummer had president at the point when the SPS was contributed foundational work in quantum taking shape as a proton-antiproton collider, gauge field theory, in particular by using and the job was more suitably filled by a ghost-free non-covariant gauge fixing. Since physicist than a pure diplomat. Wolfgang Kummer (right) with Victor the early 1990s, he mainly worked on two- Between 1985 and 1987, Kummer was Weisskopf during Weisskopf’s 80th dimensional gravity and he was unceasingly president of CERN Council, a term that was birthday celebrations at CERN in 1988. productive much beyond his official briefly interrupted by the consequences retirement in 2003, despite deteriorating of a terrorist attack at Vienna airport on were crucial for his amazingly quick recovery. health. He remained an active member 26 December 1985, where Kummer was one But Kummer was not only a sportsman in of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and of the victims, suffering from severe injuries his spare time, he was also a man of culture chairman of the Advisory Board of the from hand-grenade splinters and shrapnel. – in particular a pianist and trained tenor, Institute for High Energy Physics, Vienna. After only 11 days in intensive care (and which in Geneva led to regular chamber Kummer will be missed, both as an in a rather critical condition), he recovered music evenings with colleagues such as eminent physicist and by those who knew quickly and immediately resumed his job Volker Soergel and Jack Steinberger. him personally as a man of sincere kindness as Council president. He even attended While Kummer held numerous academic and warmth. We mourn his loss together with the annual Schladming Winter School two and administrative positions, such as his wife Lore, who was always by his side. months after these events, and he skied as being secretary and then president of W Majerotto, A Rebhan, M Regler, and ever. Clearly, his regular sporting activities the High Energy Board of the European W Thirring, Vienna. Carlo Caso 1940–2007

Italian physicist Carlo Caso from Genoa did not survive to enjoy the LHC data. University and INFN passed away on 7 July, Alongside his research, Carlo played an after several months of a courageous fight important role as a teacher. A full professor against cancer. He actively participated of experimental physics in Genoa, he was in the experimental programme at CERN able to motivate many of his students. He throughout his scientific career, spending instilled in them a love of physics, and to some seven years at the laboratory as a ask questions and not to be satisfied with fellow and scientific associate. a superficial answer. In addition to all other Carlo’s long involvement in particle activities, he also found time to serve as physics started in the 1960s, with the chairman of the Physics Department of Genoa group, using CERN’s liquid-hydrogen Genoa University, chairman of the University bubble chambers – first the 2000 HBC and Council and member of the Physics later the Big European Bubble Chamber – to density Projection Chamber (the barrel Advisory Committee of the Italian Ministry study various facets of the production and electromagnetic calorimeter) and then of Education. He was a member of several decay of meson and baryon resonances. contributed significantly to measurements of national and international physics societies He later joined a collaboration using the beauty physics and Higgs searches. and was still acting as expert reviewer for European Hybrid Spectrometer with a After LEP, Carlo’s interest turned to the the scientific programmes of Europe. For rapid-cycling bubble chamber as vertex LHC and the ATLAS experiment. He led a years, he also devoted part of his energy detector. Among many achievements, group from Genoa engaged in the design to the Particle Data Group, where he was this team was the first to measure – with and construction of the pixel detector and responsible for the gauge bosons sector. excellent precision – the lifetime of the made significant personal contributions to Our thoughts and sincere sympathy are charmed D mesons. At the start of the this effort. He also maintained an active with his family, including his wife Lella and LEP era, Carlo and his group moved to the interest in the ATLAS experiment and its his daughters Alessandra and Raffaella. We DELPHI experiment and participated in collaboration, serving as chairman of the will all miss Carlo sorely. the construction and running of the High- ATLAS Publication Committee. Sadly, Carlo His friends.

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