Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
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1 29.74:H 92 Huntingdon County, Pennsy. RFXORD Clemson University 3 1604 019 774 167 Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania- An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites U.S. Department of the Interior 11 National Park Service Cultural Resources America's Industrial Heritage Project Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2012 with funding from LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation http://archive.org/details/huntingdoncountyOOshed HUNTINGDON COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites by Nancy S. Shedd Sarah H. Heald, Editor with contributions by Gray Fitzsimons, Deane Mellander, and the Friends of East Broad Top Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record America's Industrial Heritage Project National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 1991 — Library of Congress Catalog1ng-1n-Publ Icat 1on Data Shedd. Nancy S. Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania : an inventory of historic engineering and industrial sites / by Nancy S. Shedd ; Sarah H. Heald, editor ; with contributions by Gray F1tzs1mons, Deane Mellander, and the Friends of East Broad Top. p . cm . Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Industrial archaeology — Pennsylvania —Huntingdon County. 2. Engineeering — Pennsylvania —Huntingdon County History. I. Heald, Sarah H. , 1958- . II. Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record. III. America's Industrial Heritage Project. IV. Title. T22.P4S54 1991 609.748*73— dc20 91-4304 CIP Cover photo: Pennsylvania Railroad, Spruce Creek Tunnel 2, east portal; photo by Nancy S. Shedd. Other HABS/HAER publications produced in conjunction with America's Industrial Heritage Project include: Bennett, Lola M. The Company Towns of the Rockhill Iron and Coal Company: Robertsdale and Woodvale, Pennsylvania . 1990. Fitzsimons, Gray, ed. Blair and Cambria County, Pennsylvania: An Inventory of Historic En gineering and Industrial Sites . 1990. Heald, Sarah H., ed. Fayette County, Pennsylvania: An Inventory of Historic Engineering and Industrial Sites . 1990. Hoagland, Alison K and Mulrooney, Margaret M. Norvelt and Penn-Craft, Pennsylvania: Subsistence-Homestead Communities of the 1930s . 1991. Leach, Sara Amy, ed. Two Historic Pennsylvania Canal Towns: Alexandria and Saltsburg . 1989. Mulrooney, Margaret M. A Legacy of Coal: The Coal Company Towns of Southwestern Pennsylvania . 1989. Wallace, Kim E., ed. The Character of a Steel Mill City: Four Historic Neighborhoods of Johnstown, Pennsylvania . 1989. Wallace, Kim E., et al. Railroad City: Four Historic Neighborhoods in Altoona, Pennsylvania . 1990. Ill THE HAER INVENTORY PROGRAM The objectives of the HAER Inventory are threefold: (1) it is the initial step in the HAER documentation process; historic engineering and industrial sites in a given geographic area are located and identified; (2) it assists states in evaluating these historic resources for planning purposes and for potential nominations to the National Register of Historic Places; and (3) it establishes a context for evaluation by the National Park Service of the historic engineering and industrial sites nominated by the states to the National Register, or for determinations of eligibility to the National Register of Historic Places. All of the HAER inventory material is deposited in the Prints and Photographs Division of the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C. This includes the many 35 mm black-and-white photographs taken in the field, along with copies of the inventory forms containing the brief histories and descriptions of each site. HAER recognizes the importance of publishing the inventories; however, project sponsors are generally required to cover the cost of printing. The published inventory, available to the general public, is used by educational institutions, to study technological, industrial, and engineering history, historic preservation, the history of urban planning, and cultural geography. Published inventories are also distributed to state, county, and local planning offices, libraries, and preservation agencies. The HAER inventories thus expand the awareness of engineering and industrial history, demonstrate consistent methods of identification and evaluation, and stimulate public interest in a significant part of our American heritage. AMERICA'S INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE PROJECT Begun in 1987, America's Industrial Heritage Project (AIHP) is a National Park Service effort that involves a nine-county region in southwestern Pennsylvania-Bedford, Blair, Cambria, Fayette, Fulton, Huntingdon, Indiana, Somerset, and Westmoreland counties-the primary focus of which is to develop and enhance the interpretation of three of the region's major historic industries: iron and steelmaking, coal, and transportation. In conjunction with identifying the significant contribution this region made to these industries, AIHP is concentrating on how to preserve, manage, and interpret the various historic sites and resources. Through a public and private partnership effort, AIHP will use the region's many historic sites and preservation initiatives to help revitalize the area's economy, promoting regional and national tourism. A key component of AIHP, the Southwestern Pennsylvania Heritage Preservation Commission, was achieved in November 1988 when President Reagan signed a bill (H.R. 3313) creating the commission. The commission, which works with AIHP to further the goals of the project has its offices in Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania. IV Contents List of Illustrations vi Preface xiii Historical Overview 1 by Gray Fitzsimons, Sarah H. Heald, and Nancy S. Shedd Primary Metals 25 by Nancy S. Shedd Transportation 53 by Nancy S. Shedd East Broad Top Railroad 91 by Deane Mellander and the Friends of EBT Extractive Industries 111 by Nancy S. Shedd Thermal Products 125 by Nancy S. Shedd Bulk Products 143 by Nancy S. Shedd Manufacturing 155 by Nancy S. Shedd Utilities 165 by Nancy S. Shedd Bibliography 177 Index 193 List of Illustrations Unless otherwise noted all photographs were taken by Nancy Shedd, with the exception of the East Broad Top chapter, in which photos are by the Friends of East Broad Top. Page Number Map of Huntingdon County xii Photo 1. Huntingdon Furnace business office. Photo by Jet Lowe 4 Photo 2. East Broad Top Railroad Roundhouse and Turntable. Photo by Jack E. Boucher. 14 Photo 3. Harbison-Walker Refractories plant. Photo by Jet Lowe 20 Map of Primary Metals Sites in Huntingdon County Inventory 24 Photo 4. Remains of Barree Furnace stack, view of work arch 25 Photo 5. Barree Forge and Furnace, ironmaster's mansion 26 Photo 6. Colerain Forges, ironmaster's mansion 29 Photo 7. Colerain Forges, possible worker's or manager's house 30 Photo 8. Greenwood Furnace, stack Nos. 1 and 2. Photo by Jet Lowe 32 Photo 9. Stack No. 2 at Greenwood Furnace. Photo by Jet Lowe 32 Photo 10. Greenwood Furnace, church 33 Photo 11. Greenwood Furnace church interior. Photo by Jet Lowe 34 Photo 12. Huntingdon Furnace stack. Photo by Jet Lowe 35 Photo 13. Huntingdon Furnace, grist mill. Photo by Jet Lowe 36 Photo 14. Huntingdon Furnace grist mill drive train. Photo by Jet Lowe 37 Photo 15. Ironmaster's mansion, Huntingdon Furnace. Photo by Jet Lowe 38 Photo 16. Juniata Iron Works, two-family workers' house 40 Photo 17. First ironmaster's house at Juniata Iron Works 41 Photo 18. Monroe Furnace, view of tuyere arch 43 vi Photo 19. Paradise Furnace, view of work arch 44 Photo 20. Pennsylvania Furnace, ironmaster's mansion. Photo by Jet Lowe 46 Photo 21. Rear view of Pennsylvania Furnace mansion. Photo by Jet Lowe 46 Photo 22. Pennsylvania Furnace, single family workers' dwelling 47 Photo 23. Remains of two beehive coke ovens at Rockhill Furnace No. 2 49 Map of Transportation Sites in Huntingdon County Inventory 52 Photo 24. Boyle Ice Plant 53 Photo 25. Remains at EBT's Mount Union Yard 55 Photo 26. Long Siding Station of the Huntingdon & Broad Top Mountain Railroad 56 Photo 27. H&BT Trestle with Piney Ridge in the background 57 Photo 28. Frehn Bridge 59 Photo 29. St. Mary's Bridge 61 Photo 30. Runk Bridge. Photo by Jet Lowe 62 Photo 31. New Fording Bridge 63 Photo 32. Birmingham Bridge 64 Photo 33. Corbin Bridge 66 Photo 34. Survey marker for the Pennsylvania Canal 68 Photo 35. Pennsylvania Canal guard lock 69 Photo 36. Pennsylvania Railroad Bridge over Shaver's Creek 72 Photo 37. Huntingdon Station. Photo by Jet Lowe 74 Photo 38. Pennsylvania Railroad, Hunt Tower. Photo by Jet Lowe 74 Photo 39. Mount Union Freight Depot 77 Photo 40. PRR bridge over Stone Creek 78 Photo 41. East portal of the PRR's Spruce Creek Tunnel 80 vii Photo 42. View of south side of Standing Stone Creek Bridge. Photo by Jet Lowe 82 Photo 43. Alexandria Station of the PRR 83 Photo 44. State Reformatory bridge to Cypress Island 86 Photo 45. Swinging bridge over Stone Creek 87 Map of the East Broad Top Region 90 Photo 46. Aughwick Creek Bridge. Photo by Jack E. Boucher 93 Photo 47. Coles Tank House. Photo by FEBT for HAER 93 Photo 48. EBT Fan House. Photo by FEBT for HAER 94 Photo 49. Orbisonia Freight House. Photo by FEBT for HAER 94 Photo 50. EBT Lamp House. Photo by FEBT for HAER 95 Photo 51. La Palace Hotel. Photo by FEBT for HAER 95 Photo 52. Orbisonia Depot. Photo by Jack E. Boucher 96 Photo 53. EBT Paint Shop. Photo by FEBT for HAER 97 Photo 54. Pogue Bridge. Photo by FEBT for HAER 97 Photo 55. Roberstdale Lepot. Photo by Jet Lowe 98 Photo 56. EBT Roundhouse with engine No. 14. Photo by Jack E. Boucher 99 Site plan of East Broad Top Railroad, Rockhill Furnace, Pennsylvania 100 Cross section of EBT Machine Shop 101 Photo 57. EBT Machine Shop, stationary steam engine. Photo by Jack E. Boucher .... 102 Photo 58. EBT Blacksmith Shop. Photo by Jack E. Boucher 102 Photo 59. Rockhill Iron & Coal Company Office. Photo by FEBT for HAER 103 Photo 60. Rockhill Mine No. 6: Power House. Photo by Jet Lowe 103 Photo 61. Rocky Ridge Station. Photo by FEBT for HAER 104 Photo 62.