Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47418-4 — the Kongo

Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47418-4 — The Kongo Kingdom: The Origins, Dynamics and Cosmopolitan Culture of an African Polity Edited by Koen Bostoen , Inge Brinkman Index More Information 315

Index

Afonso I, 18 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 26 , 39 , Proto-Bantu, 69 , 77 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 41 , 52 , 54 , 106 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 93 , 125 , 116 , 119 , 147 , 148 , 149 , 157 , 204 , 226 , 232 , 234 216 , 219 , 220 , 223 , 264 , 265 South- West Bantu, 2 , 65 African Diaspora, 254 , 256 , 257 , 259 West-Coastal Bantu, aka Afro- Brazilian, 256 , 257 , 273 West-Western Bantu, 2 , 62 , 63 Akan, 51 Western Bantu, 8 , 44 , 64 , 75 Álvaro de Agua Rosada aka Tangi, Baptist Missionary Society, 228 , 239 249 , 250 Barbela, 123 , 124 , 128 , 129 , 130, 131, Álvaro I, 30, 40, 106 , 109 , 110 , 111, 132 , 133, 135, 136, 137 116, 117, 127 , 130 , 155 Barroso, António, 239 , 248 , 249 Álvaro II, 20, 28, 109 , 110, 111, 112, basketry, 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173 , 174 , 113 , 114, 116, 263 176 , 190 , 191 , 195 Álvaro III, 28 , 111 , 111n2 , 112 , 113 , Battell, Andrew, 201 114 , 116 , 117, 118, 120, 263 Battle of Mbwila, 35, 103 , 121 , 157 , Álvaro IV, 118 , 119 204 , 261 , 266, 269 Álvaro V, 119 beads, 151 , 204 , 213 Álvaro VI, 120 bell, 150 , 151 , 152, 158 Álvaro VII, 35 , 121 Bengo River, 62, 202 Álvaro VIII, 121, 261 Bequaert, Maurits, 168 , 176, 182 Álvaro XIV, 240 Berlin Conference, 248 , 274 Álvaro Ndongo, 245, 248 Bernardo II, 116 Ambriz, 225, 238 , 245 Bible, 216 , 220 , 223 Ambrósio I, 117 bisimbi , 48 , 57 Ambundu, 2, 18, 19, 27, 62, 254 , 255 , Bittremieux, Léon, 158 257 , 262 , 271 body scarifi cation, 169 Americas, 2 , 3 , 221 , 254 , 255, 265 Boko- Songho, 198 António I, 35 , 261 , 266 , 269 Boma, 72 , 76 , 230, 242 , 243 Anzica, 126 Bombo River, 135 Anziko, 39, 63 Bontinck, François, 6 autos de congo , 256, 257, 258 bracelet, 151 Brazil, 200 , 201, 248, 254 , 255 , 256 , Bahia, 267, 267n2, 269 , 270 , 272 257 , 258 , 259 , 260, 261, 262 , Bakali River, 131 264 , 265 , 266 , 267, 268, 269 , Bantu, 2, 61, 66 , 68, 80, 92, 93, 270 , 271 , 273 125, 226, 227 , 228 , 229 , 230, Brazzaville, 244 231, 232, 234 , 257 Brotherhood of the Rosary, 263, 272 Bantu Expansion, 9 Brun, Samuel, 112 , 202 oldest (Bantu sources), 4, 60, 61, Brusciotto a Vetralla, Hyacintho, 60 , 69, 125 202 , 221

315

© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-108-47418-4 — The Kongo Kingdom: The Origins, Dynamics and Cosmopolitan Culture of an African Polity Edited by Koen Bostoen , Inge Brinkman Index More Information 316

316 Index

burial, 260 , 264 Coimba, 24 , 25 Büttner, Richard, 29 colonialism, 42 , 63 , 101 , 147, 158 , 159, 163, 164, 216 , 219 , Cabinda, 1 , 61, 64, 64n1 , 75, 230, 232 235 , 237, 248, 249, 250 , 252 , Cacinga River, 132 , 133 253, 274 Cadornega, António de Oliveira, 26 Columbian Exchange, 200 Cardoso, Mateus, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, Conde, 188 26, 27 , 28, 29, 30, 33, 34, 35, 60, congadas , 256, 257 , 258 , 259 , 273 109, 116 , 119 , 150 , 221 , 226 , 260 Congo Free State, 250 Caribbean, 200, 213 Congo River, 1, 2 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 27 , 29 , Carli, Dionigi, 202 , 220, 270 31 , 32 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 118 , 127 , Cataractes , 129, 137 128, 131, 132, 133 , 135 , 157 , catechism, 60, 62, 75, 77 , 79, 221, 226 177, 178 , 182 , 184 , 197 , 199 , Catholicism, 35, 57, 144, 154, 155, 201 , 206 , 225 , 229 , 232 , 242, 156 , 222 , 224 , 239, 240 , 248 , 243 , 244, 246 , 248 249, 250 , 258 , 259 , 260 , 261 , copper, 149 , 150, 151, 152 , 169 , 175 , 262, 263 182 , 192 , 193, 198, 213 Cavazzi, Giovanni, 22, 23, 24, 25, coronation, 21 , 33 , 256 , 258 , 262 26, 27 , 28, 32, 33, 34, 54, 203, Correa de Sá, Miguel, 269 260, 261 Correa de Sousa, João, 267 centralization, 1, 5, 6 , 8 , 12 , 43, 49, 57, Correa, Bras, 115 101 , 103, 123, 195, 213 , 223 cosmopolitanism, 11 , 12 , 149, 151 , ceramics, 9, 12, 151, 165, 168, 169, 161, 213 , 233 , 235 , 236, 237, 170 , 176 , 177 , 178, 180, 181, 243 , 246 182 , 185 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 191, cross- cousin marriage, 52 , 59 192 , 194 , 195 crucifi x, 151 , 153 , 157 , 162 , Chinese porcelain, 213 169 , 213 Chokwe, 165, 169 Cuba, 248 , 255 Christianity, 2, 6, 19, 41, 57, 60 , 108 , cucumbis , 257 143 , 144 , 147 , 148 , 149, 151, Cugho River, 131 153 , 154 , 155 , 156 , 157, 158, Cuvelier, Jean, 6 , 7 , 24 , 27 162 , 163 , 164 , 211, 213, 216, 217 , 218 , 219 , 220 , 221 , 223, d’Asti, Bernardino Ignazio, 143 , 144 , 224 , 225 , 227 , 233 , 234, 236, 146, 151 237 , 240 , 245 , 256, 257, 258, d’Atri, Marcellino, 128 , 150 , 260 259 , 261 , 262, 263, 264, 265, da Caltanisetta, Luca, 150 266 , 267 , 268 , 270 , 271, 272, da Dicomano, Raimondo, 264 , 265 273 , 274 da Montesarchio, Girolamo, 23, 24 , Cilaadi, 66, 67t3.1 , 70 – 71f3.2 27 , 29 , 30 , 54 , 117n6 , 262 Cilinji, 70 – 71f3.2 da Silva, António, 113 , 114, 115, Ciluba, 232 118 , 121 Cisundi, 70 – 71f3.2 , 77 da Silva, Daniel, 103 , 113 , 118 , civil war, 3 , 12, 36, 58, 103 , 104 , 115 , 120 , 268 121 , 148 , 157 , 204 , 258 , 264 da Silva, Miguel, 111 , 112 , 113 , Civili, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75, 82 114 , 120 Ciwoyo, 70 – 71f3.2, 230, 232 da Silva, Paulo, 121 Cizali, 70 – 71f3.2 da Vetralla, Giacinto Brugiotti, see cloth, 136 , 149, 151 , 153 , 156 , 169, Brusciotto 170, 171, 172, 174 , 175 , 176 , dance, 144 , 146, 162 , 260 , 271 , 273 191, 194, 195 Dande River, 62, 221

Index 317

Dapper, Olfert, 112 , 159 , 260 Fernandez, António, 268 de Barros, João, 105 , 107, 108, 109, Fourth Pan- African Congress of 131, 134 Prehistory and Quaternary de Cadornega, António de Oliveira, Studies, 165 26, 27, 28, 62, 63, 261 funerary stones, 212 de Carli, Dionigi, 261 de Castro, Miguel, 268 Gambia, 201 de Enciso, Martin Fernandez, 108 Garcia I, 21 , 116 , 117, 222 de Gallo, Bernardo, 222 Garcia II, 35 , 103 , 120 , 121 , de Gattini, Michelangelo, 261 260 , 266 de Goís, Damião, 109 Gastaldi, Giacomo, 134 de Medeiros, Francisco, 40, 40n3 Ghana, 126 , 201 de Montesarchio, Girolamo, 150 Gombe, 181 , 209 De Munck, Joseph, 7 , 147 Guattini, Michelangelo, 202 de Pavia, Andrea, 220 de Pina, Rui, 1, 104 , 105 , 108 Henrique I, 40, 110 , 116 de Resende, Garcia, 105 , 109 Henrique II, 245 de Sarmento, Alfredo, 238 Henrique III, 240 de Teruel, Antonio, 221 Heyn, Piet, 116 de Vetralla, Brusciotto, see Brusciotto homogenization, 195, 200, 211, decentralisation, 6, 12, 121 , 204, 213 , 215 238, 264 House of Kwilu, 116, 117 , 118 , 119 , del Santissimo Sacramento, 120 , 121 Diego, 127 House of Nsundi, 116 , 117, 118, 119 , Dihungu, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75, 76, 83, 89, 120 , 121 90, 91, 98 House of Soyo, 104 , 113 , 114 , 115 , Dimba, 165, 173f7.3, 177 , 178 , 180, 116 , 118 , 120 , 121 181, 182, 184 , 187 , 190 , 191, 192, 194 Ibar, 25 Dinga, 51 Ikoci, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 Diogo I, 32, 33, 34 , 35, 39, 41, 110 Ikwakongo, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 discovery, 235 , 236, 237 Ilinji, 70 – 71f3.2, 75 Dutch States General, 112 , 115 Inkisi River, 20, 29 , 39 , 66 , 72 , 102, Dutch West India Company, 113 , 104 , 124, 128, 129 , 130 , 131, 115 , 260 132 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138, 174 , 229 Early Iron Age, 188 , 199 Inner Congo Basin, 177 Eckhout, Albert, 268 Inquisition, 33, 271 economic integration, 2 , 5 , 101 , insignia, 156 , 157 , 158 , 159, 162 123 , 195 International African education, 216, 223, 225 Association, 239 El Mina, 201 , 206 International Congo Association, 248 elite, 39, 54, 57, 62, 105 , 106 , 144, irmandades , 258 147, 150, 151 , 153 , 154 , 155 , Itamaraca, 272 156, 157, 161, 162, 163 , 198 , Itaubira, 271 199, 211, 216, 222 , 223 , 259 , ivory, 167f7.2, 169 260 , 261, 266, 268 Iwoyo, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 , 229, 232 enslavement, 261 , 267, 269 extraversion, 6, 12, 236, 237 , 238 , Jadin, Louis, 7 247 , 250 , 251 , 252 Jagas, 40 , 63

318 Index

Jesuit, 21, 22, 27, 35 , 60, 62, 107 , 109 , Kimbala, 70 – 71f3.2 , 76 , 232 116 , 129, 147, 150, 221 , 260 , Kimbata, 70 – 71f3.2 , 129 262 , 263 , 267 Kimbeko, 70 – 71f3.2 , 129 João I Nzinga a Nkuwu, 105, 108 , 262 Kimboma, 65 , 70 – 71f3.2 , 79 , 86 João II (Portugal), 105 Kimbundu, 2 , 18 , 62 , 65 , 70 – 71f3.2, Jombo River, 132 72 , 76 , 221 , 232, 257, 265 Jordão, Manuel, 117, 118 Kimpa Vita, Beatriz, 122 , 153 , 156 Kimpangu, 66 , 70 – 71f3.2 , 129 Kakongo, ix , 1, 18, 19, 39, 61, 62, 72 , Kimpanzu, 121 73, 75, 95, 96 , 96t3.4 , 126 , 217 , kimpasi , 48, 158 224, 227 , 229 , 230 Kimpese, 25, 30 Kalina, 209 Kindamba, 70 – 71f3.2, 75 , 76 , 89 , kanda , 50 90 , 91 , 98 Kangu, 180 Kindibu, 66 , 70 – 71f3.2, 72 , 88 , 89 , Kele, 163 129, 196 khimba , 158 kindoki , 48, 53 , 55 Kibembe, 70 – 71f3.2 , 78 Kindoki (site), 11, 31 , 150 , 151 , 152 , Kidondo, 70 – 71f3.2, 75 153 , 154 , 157 , 158 , 159, 161, Kihangala, 70 – 71f3.2 , 78 , 87 163 , 169 , 185 , 187, 189, 197 , Kihungan, 65 , 70 – 71f3.2 198 , 204 , 205 , 206, 207, 210 , Kikamba, 70 – 71f3.2 211 , 212, 214 Kikongo Language Cluster, ix, 2, 4, Kingabwa, 178 , 181 , 192 9 , 61, 64, 65, 65f3.1 , 66, 67t3.1 , Kinguele, 61 68 , 69, 70 – 71f3.2 , 72, 74f3.3 , 75, Kinkanga a Mvika, 121 77, 78 , 79, 80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 88, Kinkanu, 70 – 71f3.2 , 129 89, 91, 93, 95, 98, 100 , 101, 102, Kinlaza, 121 125, 129, 195, 218, 226 , 227 , Kinlongo, 210 229, 230 , 232, 233f9.2, 234 Kinshasa, 165 , 192, 209 , 244 , 250 Central Kikongo, 66, 70 – 71f3.2 , 72, Kintandu, 66, 67t3.1 , 70 – 71f3.2 , 85 , 87, 89, 93, 129, 229 87 , 91 , 101 , 129 , 171 East Kikongo, 66, 68, 70 – 71f3.2 , 72, Kintele, 209 84, 85, 87, 91, 92, 93, 102 , 129, Kiowa, 35 171 , 229 Kipombo, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 , 76 , 83 , Kikongoid, 46 , 70 – 71f3.2 89 , 90 , 91 North Kikongo, 46, 66, 68, Kisamba, 65 , 70 – 71f3.2 70 – 71f3.2 , 72, 78, 84, 87, 93 Kisantu, 171 South Kikongo, 11, 41, 44, 65, 66, Kisibemba, 70 – 71f3.2, 75 , 76 , 89 , 90 68, 70 – 71f3.2 , 72 , 75, 76, 77, Kisikongo, 44, 65 , 66 , 67t3.1 , 69 , 79, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86 , 88, 89, 90, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 , 79 , 80 , 83 , 92 , 96 , 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 97 , 98 , 99 , 100, 100t3.5, 227 , 100 , 100t3.5 , 100t3.5, 101, 102, 229 , 230 , 233 103n1 , 132 , 195, 230 Kisolongo, 44 , 68 , 69 , 70 – 71f3.2 , 76 , West Kikongo, 66, 68, 70 – 71f3.2 , 79 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 97 , 100t3.5 , 101 , 72, 75, 78, 82, 84, 87, 94 , 95, 230, 232 102 , 232 Kisuku, 70 – 71f3.2 Kikongo from N’zeto, 70 – 71f3.2, Kisundi, 66, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 75, 82 Kiteke, 2 , 62 Kikunyi, 70 – 71f3.2 kitomi , 54 Kimanyanga, 66, 67t3.1 , 70 – 71f3.2, Kitsootso, 70 – 71f3.2 , 75 , 76 , 83 , 89 , 72, 87, 101 , 196 , 229 90 , 91 , 98

Index 319

Kiyaka, 66, 67t3.1 , 68, 70 – 71f3.2 Luanda, 28 , 35 , 39 , 143 , 209, 221 , Kiyombe, 66, 67t3.1 , 70 – 71f3.2 , 224, 239 , 247 , 247n5 , 248 , 255, 230 , 232 261 , 265 , 266, 267 Kiyombi, 70 – 71f3.2, 82 Luba, 54 , 56 , 170 Kizobe, 70 – 71f3.2, 230 Luhando River, 132 Kizombo, 65, 70 – 71f3.2, 76, 79, 82, Lukeni lua Mvemba, Izabel, 116 83, 89, 90, 91, 98, 100t3.5, 101 Lukeni lua Nimi, 21, 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , Kongo dia Nlaza, 26, 28 , 30, 36, 40, 26 , 27 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 36 , 39 63, 102 , 104, 126, 130, 138, 149 Lukunga River, 135 Kongo dia Ukanga, 28 Lukusu River, 132 KongoKing project, 4 , 5 , 7, 8 , 9 , 10, Lula, 130 11, 18, 27, 31 , 52, 59, 60, 63, 68, Lumbu, 209, 210 , 212 76, 82, 91, 97, 123 , 134, 144, Lunda, 40 , 56 , 232 146 , 147 , 150 , 164 , 169 , 177, 182 , 197 , 199 , 213 , 215 , 230 Madimba, 129 Koster, Henry, 255 , 272 Maffei, Giovanni Pietro, 3 , 4 , 10 , 12 , Kuba, 54, 55, 56, 126, 165 , 169 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 26 , 28 , 29 , 172, 194 30 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 47 , 49 , 60 , Kundi, 130 , 135 , 136 , 138 , 174 61 , 68 , 103, 105, 106 , 107 , 108 , Kunyi, 46 , 64, 66 109 , 110 , 111, 112, 113 , 114 , Kwango River, 29 , 62, 102, 124, 129, 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 127, 130, 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 135 , 136 , 131 , 136 , 148 , 149 , 150, 155, 137, 138 , 174 159 , 161 , 171 , 174, 194, 200 , Kwilu River, 24, 25, 29 , 131 , 262 201 , 205 , 209 , 217, 219, 220 , Kwimba, 62 221 , 222 , 223, 225, 228 , 231 Makoko, 62 Ladeiras, Daniel Simões, 239 Malebo Pool, 2 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 39 , 62 , Lake Aquilunda, 131 , 133 , 134 129 , 174, 178, 192, 194 , 202 Lake Kalunga, 132 Malemba, 131, 133 Lake Yanga Kulu, 132 Malembo, 243 Laman, Karl Edward, 64, 147 Malewa River, 128 Lele, 56 Mali, 126 Lemba, 55 Manuel II, 270 Lembe, 30 Manuel, António, 111, 114 , 116 , 267 Léopoldville, 165 maracutá , 258 Lifoula, 209 maracutatús , 257 literacy, 216 , 218 , 219, 221, 222 , Mashita Mbanza, 194 223, 224 Masinga, 29 Loango, 1 , 8 , 22, 39, 62 , 72, 73, 126 , Matadi, 72, 76 , 129 , 211 , 212 134 , 168, 174, 175, 188 , 189 , Matamba, 2 , 62 , 133, 137, 224 , 258 , 193, 217 , 224, 225, 255, 265 259, 271 London Missionary Society, 101 matrilaterality, 52 Lopes, Duarte, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 28, matrilineality, 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 30, 31, 39, 40, 104, 106 , 107 , Mayombe, 50, 53 , 54 , 58 , 158 , 163n2 , 108 , 109 , 110, 111, 134, 148, 169 , 174 , 176 , 212 , 230 149 , 150 , 159, 201 Mbafu, 165 , 168, 177 , 178 , 180 , Lopez, Álvaro, 219 181 , 190 Loubanzi, 186f7.6, 188 Mbamba, 18, 25 , 39 , 72 , 73 , 104, 106, Lovo, 178 , 181 111, 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 118, Loze River, 31, 35 119 , 120 , 220 , 261

320 Index

Mbanda Kasi, 115 Mpangala, 33, 34 mbanza , 58, 123, 134 , 215 Mpangu, 6, 18 , 20 , 30 , 31 , 39 , 72 , 73 , Mbanza Kongo, 2 , 4 , 6 , 21 , 24 , 26 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 128 , 130, 133, 27 , 29 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 135 , 197 , 199 41 , 44 , 47 , 56 , 68 , 72 , 76 , 77 , Mpanzu a Kitima, 108 92 , 96 , 97 , 99 , 101 , 102 , 104 , Mpemba, 21, 31 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 40 , 72 , 111 , 113n5 , 117 , 122 , 126 , 127 , 73 , 104 , 106, 114 149 , 155 , 174 , 185 , 187 , 189 , Mpemba Kasi, 23, 24 , 25 , 26 , 30 , 31 , 193 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 201 , 204 , 32 , 36 , 39 , 193 206 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 211t8.1 , 212 , mpemba n’kázi , 58 214 , 215 , 221 , 223 , 227 , 229 , Mpinda, 206 233 , 237 , 238 , 239 , 240 , 244 , mpu , 153, 163 , 173 , 175 , 190 , 195 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 , 250 , Musuku, 246 257 , 260 , 262 , 263 , 264 , 268 , mvila , 56 269 , 273 Mwene Kabunga, 35, 54 Mbanza Mbamba, 202 Mwene Kongo, 52, 56 , 58 , 237, 239 Mbanza Mbata, 124 , 197 , 198 Mwene Mbamba, 36 , 40 , 111 , 114 , Mbanza Mpangu, 124 115 , 118 , 119, 263 Mbanza Ngungu, 128, 129, 165 Mwene Mbata, 19, 20 , 21 , 34 , 39 , Mbanza Nsundi, 31, 124 , 127 , 134 , 198, 210, 212, 214 , 268 135 , 185 , 197 Mwene Mpangala, 32, 34 , 36 Mbanza Soyo, 4, 6, 44, 122 , 197 , 202 , Mwene Mpemba, 34, 36 , 111 214 , 215 Mwene Nsundi, 20 , 111 , 114, 116, Mbata, 6 , 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 127 , 147 , 148 , 150 26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 34, 39, 40, 72, Mwene Soyo, 1 , 36 , 56 , 103, 104, 105 , 73, 104 , 105 , 106, 110, 120, 130 , 107 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 116, 117, 132 , 135, 197, 198, 199 , 205 , 118 , 120 , 121 , 268 207 , 210, 211, 212, 268 Mwene Vunda, 21, 33 , 34 , 36 , 54 Mbidizi River, 33, 105 Mwene Vungu, 36 mbumba , 48, 49 Mwene Wembo, 111 medal, 151 , 153 , 157, 161, 213 Merolla da Sorrento, Girolamo, n’kisi , 47, 48 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 202 , 214 n’kuluntu , 49 mestres , 156 , 216 , 221 , 223 , Ndembu, 54 227 , 265 Ndongo, 2 , 62 , 115 , 204 , 215, 254, metal work, 149 , 150 , 151 , 153 , 163 255 , 258 , 259 , 262, 271 Metropolitan Museum, 151 , 152 necklace, 150, 151, 158, 213 Mexicongo, 27, 63 nganga , 47 , 48 , 50 , 57 , 257 Mexilongo , 63 ngangula , 27 Minas Gerais, 271 Ngobila, 62 Mindouli, 178 , 192 , 198 Ngongo Mbata, 4 , 11 , 159 , 169 , 185 , minkisi , 163 187 , 189 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 198 , Misenga, 168 , 177 , 178 , 181 , 182, 201 , 204 , 205 , 206 , 209 , 210 , 211 , 184, 187 , 190 , 191 , 193 211t8.1 , 211t8.1 , 212 , 214 , 237 Momboares , 130 Ngovo, 165 Mongo a Kongo, 35 Ngoyo, 1, 18 , 19 , 39 , 62 , 72 , 73 , 122 , Moortamer, Pieter, 266 126 , 224 , 229 Mortelmans, Georges, 165 , 176 , 178 Niari, 193 Mosse-Dagomba, 49 Nieuhof, Johan, 260 Mount Tanda, 128 Nieulant, Cornelis, 266n1 , 268

Index 321

Nimi a Nzima, 22, 26, 30, 32 Queen Njinga, 62 , 156, 204, 224 , 258 nkadi a mpemba , 49 nkanu , 118, 265 raffi a, 136 , 138 , 149 , 170 , 171 , 174 , 175 nkutu , 153, 159, 175 , 264 Recife, 265, 266n1 , 268 , 272 , Noqui, 246 272n6 , 272n8 Nossa Senhora de Rosário dos Redemptorist 129 , 147 Homens Pretos, 272 regalia, 149 , 162 Nsaku Lau, 22 , 39 Rio de Janeiro , 269 , 270, 272 Nsele River, 129 , 131 , 135 rock art, 165 , 169, 178 Nsi a Kwilu, 23, 24, 25, 26, 30, 31 , Rodrigues, Diogo, 113n5 33 , 39, 54 Royal Museum for Central Africa, Nsundi, 6, 18, 20, 30, 31, 39, 54, 63, 152 , 159, 165 72, 73, 104 , 105 , 106, 114, 119, royalty, 256 , 259 , 265 , 273 127 , 130 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135, 144 , 147 , 148 , 150 , 152 , 157, Saint Anthony, 153 , 155 , 258 163n2 , 177, 197 , 199 , 212 , 262 Saint Benedict, 258 Ntinu Wene, 21, 24, 26, 35 Saint Francis, 155 Ntumba a Mvemba, Ana, 116, 119 Saint James, 263 Nzambi Mpungu, 57 Salvador da Bahia, 267 , 268 , 271 Nzima a Nimi, 39 sangamento , 144, 146, 162 , 260, nzumbi , 257 263 , 268 São Tomé and Príncipe, 201 , 202 Okanga, 26, 27, 28, 29, 126 , 130 , Senegal, 201 136 , 174 Seven Kingdoms, 26 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , Olinda, 272 36 , 39 , 40 , 104 , 130 , 149 orality, 218 Shona, 126 Order of Christ, 144 , 220 , 237 , 238 , skeuomorphism, 170 239 , 240 , 241 , 264 slave trade, 62 , 157 , 174 , 175, 235 , 236, 241, 242 , 244 , 245 , 247 , patrilaterality, 50, 52, 59 251, 252 , 254 , 255 , 259 , 262 patrilineality, 50, 51, 52 slavery, 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 55 , Pedro I, 32 , 34 56 , 58 , 254 , 255 , 259 , 262 , 264 , Pedro II, 21, 22, 33, 115 , 116, 267 265 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 , Pedro III, 121 271 , 272 Pedro IV, 122 Soasana, 19 , 106 Pedro V, 239 , 245, 246, 246n5 , 248 , Songhai, 126 249, 249n8 , 252 Soyo, 25, 33 , 35 , 36 , 39 , 63 , 68 , 72 , Pedro VI, 240, 241 73 , 76 , 77 , 99 , 103 , 103n1 , 104 , Pende, 65, 232 105, 106, 107 , 108 , 109, 110 , Pernambuco, 267, 270, 271 , 272 111, 112, 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , Philip III (Portugal), 267 117n6 , 118 , 119 , 120 , 121 , 122, Pigafetta, Filippo, 106, 148 144 , 148 , 217, 220 , 221 , 223, pombeiros , 224 265 , 268 pottery, 9 , 165 , 166f7.1 , 168 , 169 , 170 , Suku, 46 176 , 177 , 181 , 182 , 184 , 188 , 189 , Sumbi, 168 190 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 sword, 144 , 152 , 153 , 157 , 159, 161, Proto- Bantu, 69, 77, 80, 82, 83, 84, 85, 162 , 163 , 213 86 , 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 125 , 226 , 232 , 234 Tadi dia Bukikwa, 209 Proto- Kikongo, 83, 95 Tavares, Pero, 62, 221

322 Index

textiles, 149 , 150 , 151 , 153 , 155, 163, Vumpa, 244 , 245 165 , 170 , 171 , 173 , 175 , 187 , Vunda, 33 , 34 , 36 190, 192 , 213 , 237 , 241 , 242 , Vungu, 1 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 244, 246 , 250 , 253 27 , 31 , 32 , 36 , 39 , 40 , 49, 53 , Tio kingdom, 2 , 8 , 62, 127 126 , 193 translation, 216, 217 , 218 , 232 Tuckey, James, 225 , 229 , 242 , Wamba River, 29 , 131 , 138 243 , 244 Wandu, 19, 106 weaving, 169 , 170 , 171 , 172 , 173, 187, Uíge, 124 189 , 190 , 191 , 194 Ulolo, 266 Wembo, 18, 106 , 111 , 111n2 Umbundu, 132 West- Coastal Bantu, 64 UNESCO World Heritage, 197 , 199 witchcraft, 47, 53 , 238, 239 , 240

van Bechem, Wemmen, 112 Yaka, 28, 54 , 65 van den Broecke, Pieter, 112 Yilumbu, 70 – 71f3.2 , 82 , 87 Van Gheel, Joris, 4, 50, 60, 69, 75 , 77, Yingubi, 70 – 71f3.2 , 82 79, 84, 85, 103, 125 , 205 , 227 , Yipunu, 67t3.1, 68 , 70 – 71f3.2, 82 265 , 266 Yisangu, 70 – 71f3.2 , 82 Van Wing, Joseph, 27, 147 Yishira, 70 – 71f3.2, 82 Visseq, Alexandre, 76 Vocabularium Congense , 61, 100 Zaire, 29, 76 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 244 Vumba River, 131 , 133 , 134 , 138 Zimbabwe, 126