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Downloads/Ekisakate.Pdf Accessed: 10/08/2013 “PLEASE DON’T SHOW ME ON AGATALIIKO NFUUFU OR MY HUSBAND WILL BEAT ME LIKE ENGALABI (LONG DRUM)”: YOUNG WOMEN AND TABLOID TELEVISION IN KAMPALA, UGANDA. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Journalism and Media Studies of RHODES UNIVERSITY By SUSAN NAKACWA Supervisor: Ms. Priscilla Boshoff November 2013 ABSTRACT The “tabloid TV” news genre is a relatively new phenomenon in Uganda and Africa. The genre has been criticised for depoliticising the public by causing cynicism, and lowering the standards of rational public discourse. Despite the criticisms, the genre has been recognised for bringing ‘the private’ into a public space and one of the major ‘private’ issues on the public agenda is women and gender equality. Given these critiques, this study set out to interrogate the meanings that young working class women in Kampala make of the tabloid television news programme Agataliiko Nfuufu and to ask how these meanings relate to the contested notions of femininity in this urban space. In undertaking this audience reception study I interviewed young women between the ages of 18-35years by means of individual in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The study establishes that Agataliiko Nfuufu is consumed in a complex environment where contesting notions of traditionalism and modernity are at play. The study also establishes that while mediating the problems, discomforts and contestations of these young women’s lives, Bukedde TV1 operates within a specific social context and gendered environment where Agataliiko Nfuufu is consumed. The study concludes that the bulletin mediates the young women’s negotiations and contestations, but it provides them with a window into other people’s lives and affords them opportunities to compare, judge and appreciate their own. Furthermore, the gendered roles and expectations in this context have become naturalised and have achieved a taken-for- grantedness. Therefore, patriarchy has been legitimised and naturalised to the extent that the respondents define themselves largely in relation to male relatives, and marriage. While the women lament the changes that have taken place in their social contexts which disrupt the natural gender order, they construct themselves as subjects of the prevailing discourses of gender relations that see men as powerful and women as weak and in need of protection. ii DEDICATION This thesis is for my mother, Ms. Scovia Nandyose. You have worked so hard, put your own life on hold and sacrificed so much to see me fulfil my life’s dreams. Thank you for believing in me, for your unconditional love, support and encouragement. Yes, you are my “champion” (if I can borrow your word). It is also dedicated to mummy Josephine “Mulembe” Mirembe (RIP). This journey is a culmination of your wise counsel. To my grandfather Charles Lwanga Ssemakula (RIP) I am who I am because you gave me the best foundation. To my grandmother Mary Nakagiri Lwanga who has an endless fountain of patience and love. You have risen above your loss to keep all of us grounded. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am grateful to my supervisor Priscilla Boshoff for introducing me to the exciting world of gender studies. Your patience, kindness and support were not only invaluable but have left an indelible mark in my life. A special thank you goes to Professor Jeanne Prinsloo for her input. Thanks are also due to Professor Jane Duncan for introducing me to the world of media policy and analysis. Dawn Long, thank you for helping me settle in at the department. I am indebted to my colleagues and friends Christabel Rusike, Oesi Thothe, Chelesani Moyo, Funke Treasure Durodola, Pauline Atim and Godfrey Nkwera for the intellectual companionship and moral support. To my entire family, my many brothers and sisters and my mothers, (Justine, Nankinga, Rita and Nalweyiso) your love and support gave me the strength to go on. To Uncles Christopher Casey Luyima, Henry Ssemakula, Ssalongo James Serunjogi (RIP), James Luyima, Bernard Mukiibi and Musisi Mutyaba thank you. Butiga Paul, you are the best! Dr. Margaret Jjuuko Lwanga, you are and always will be an inspiration. Aunt Lesedi plus Anthony and Christopher Kasozi-Matovu, you have been pillars of strength. To my lovely sisters and friends Zandile Qwebani, you are my hero; Soa-Harimalala Rakotozafy-Razafimbola, I could never have done this without your encouragement; Lerato Tsebe, and the entire Tsebe family, thank you; Lillian Nalumansi and Mary Irene Namuli your support kept me going. Joseph Lubega Mukaawa and Nobert Petro Kalule, you are special. Sim Kyazze (Rhodes University), Enock Kiyaga, John Baptist Wasswa and John Baptist Imokola thank you. Micheal Angel Mugerwa, thank you. Thanks are also due to Vision Group’s Hajjat Hadija Nabukenya and Semei Wessaali for all their help. My deepest gratitude goes to all my respondents who willingly shared their experiences with me. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................................................ ii DEDICATION ....................................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................... iv CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY ............................................................................................. 1 1.2 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY .............................................................................................. 3 1.3 GOALS OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................ 4 1.4 RESEARCH METHODS ............................................................................................................. 4 1.5 THESIS STRUCTURE ................................................................................................................. 4 1.6 CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................................. 5 CHAPTER TWO .................................................................................................................................... 6 CONTEXT OF THE STUDY ................................................................................................................. 6 2.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.1 GENDER IN PRE-COLONIAL UGANDA ................................................................................. 6 2.1.1 WOMEN IN POST 1986 UGANDA ......................................................................................... 8 2.2 KAMPALA ................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1.1 THE BATTLE FOR KAMPALA ........................................................................................ 12 2.2 BUGANDA KINGDOM ............................................................................................................ 14 2.2.1 RELATIONS BETWEEN BUGANDA KINGDOM AND CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ........ 16 2.3 THE BIFURCATED STATE ..................................................................................................... 17 2.4 CONCLUSION ........................................................................................................................... 19 CHAPTER THREE .............................................................................................................................. 20 LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................................... 20 3.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................................... 20 v 3.1 MEDIA LANDSCAPE ............................................................................................................... 21 3.1.1 PRIVATISATION AND THE MEDIA ............................................................................... 21 3.1.2 MEDIA DIVERSITY, FREEDOM, DEMOCRACY AND REGULATION ...................... 22 3.2 VISION GROUP ........................................................................................................................ 24 3.2.1 THE BUKEDDE BRAND ................................................................................................... 25 3.2.2 AGATALIIKO NFUUFU...................................................................................................... 26 3.3 MEDIA AND DEMOCRACY ................................................................................................... 28 3.4 NORMATIVE ROLES OF THE MEDIA .................................................................................. 29 3.5 TABLOIDS ................................................................................................................................. 30 3.6 TABLOIDISATION ..................................................................................................................
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