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Statistical Summaries of Streamflow in Oklahoma Through 1999

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Statistical Summaries of Streamflow in Oklahoma Through 1999 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey Statistical Summaries of Streamflow in Oklahoma Through 1999 By Robert L. Tortorelli Water-Resources Investigations Report 02–4025 Prepared in cooperation with the OKLAHOMA DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY On Cover: Baron Fork at Eldon, Oklahoma. Low-flow photograph was taken September 1998. High-flow photograph was taken June 2000. Photographers: John A. Schmidt, senior hydrologist, and Michael D. Pierce, senior hydrologist, National Weather Service, Arkansas-Red Basin Forecast Center, Tulsa, Oklahoma. U.S. Department of the Interior GALE A. NORTON, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey CHARLES G. GROAT, Director The use of firm, trade, and brand names in this report is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: OKLAHOMA CITY 2002 For additional information write to: Copies of this report can be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Information Services Water-Resources Division Box 25286 202 NW 66 St., Bldg. 7 Federal Center Oklahoma City, OK 73116 Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Abstract ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Purpose and scope ........................................................................................................................................................... 2 Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................................... 2 Statistical Summaries ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Site selection ................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Description of streamflow statistics tables ...................................................................................................................... 2 Station descriptions ............................................................................................................................................. 13 Mean annual discharges ...................................................................................................................................... 13 Annual high-flow frequency ............................................................................................................................... 14 Annual instantaneous peak-flow frequency ........................................................................................................ 14 Flow duration ...................................................................................................................................................... 15 Annual and seasonal low-flow frequencies ......................................................................................................... 15 Summary.................................................................................................................................................................................. 16 Selected references ................................................................................................................................................................. 17 Statistical summaries of streamflow ........................................................................................................................................ 19 Streamflow tables........................................................................................................................................................... 20 Index ............................................................................................................................................................................ 505 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1. Map showing location of streamflow-gaging stations with at least 10 years of streamflow data used in study. ............................................................................................................................... 3 TABLES 1. Summary of streamflow period of record used in study for selected continuous-record streamflow-gaging stations with at least 10 years of streamflow data from unregulated, regulated, and urban basins within and near Oklahoma ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2. Summary of drainage area distribution of streamflow statistics analyses for streamflow-gaging sites .............................. 13 CONVERSION FACTORS, ABBREVIATIONS, AND VERTICAL DATUM Multiply By To obtain inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer square mile (mi2) 2.590 square kilometer cubic foot per second (ft3/s) 0.02832 cubic meter per second Sea level: In this report “sea level” refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929)—a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929. CONTENTS I Statistical Summaries of Streamflow in Oklahoma through 1999 By Robert L. Tortorelli ABSTRACT ronmental Quality, conducted an investigation to update streamflow statistics in Oklahoma. Statistical summaries of streamflow records At least 10 years of daily streamflow data exist through 1999 for gaging stations in Oklahoma for 174 streamflow gaging stations in Oklahoma and and parts of adjacent states are presented for 188 14 in nearby parts of adjacent states. Since 1984 there stations with at least 10 years of streamflow have been several streamflow sites: 1) with additional record. Streamflow at 113 of the stations is regu- years of record, or 2) not previously analyzed that are lated for specific periods. Data for these periods included because they now have 10 years or more of were analyzed separately to account for changes data, or 3) that are now regulated. Useful summaries in streamflow due to regulation by dams or other for streamflow data represent mean annual flow, low- human modification of streamflow. and high-flow frequency statistics, peak-flow statistics, A brief description of the location, drainage and flow-duration statistics. Information about mean area, and period of record is given for each gaging annual flow, low-flow and high-flow characteristics, station. A brief regulation history also is given for and flow-duration statistics is essential to water-man- stations with a regulated streamflow record. This agement agencies dealing with problems related to descriptive information is followed by tables of irrigation, municipal and industrial water supplies, and mean annual discharges, magnitude and proba- fish and wildlife conservation. bility of exceedance of annual high flows, magni- Low-flow statistics are particularly important to tude and probability of exceedance of annual in- assess the capability of a stream to receive and assimi- stantaneous peak flows, durations of daily mean late treated wastewater. Low-flow statistics are used in flow, magnitude and probability of non-exceed- developing wastewater permits and determining total ance of annual low flows, and magnitude and maximum daily loads of streams. Annual and seasonal probability of non-exceedance of seasonal low 7-day, 2-year low-flow streamflows are used as part of flows. the criteria for developing wasteload allocations for permit purposes and is specifically cited in State stat- utes. Other low-flow durations (1, 3, 10, 30, and 60 days) and frequencies (5, 10, and 20 years) also are INTRODUCTION useful to characterize streamflow at a site. Streamflow statistics are used by individuals and Knowledge of high-flow and peak-flow statistics organizations involved in the planning of projects with is required for the safe and economical design of high- surface-water resources. The last report that published way bridges, culverts, dams, levees, and other struc- summaries of streamflow statistics in Oklahoma used tures on or near streams and for disaster planning. streamflow data through 1984 (Heimann and Tortor- Flood plain management programs and flood-insur- elli, 1988). The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS), in ance rates also are based on peak-flow magnitude and cooperation with the Oklahoma Department of Envi- frequency information. 1 Purpose and Scope flowing into Oklahoma, the nearest gaging stations in the nearby parts of adjacent states were selected for The purposes of this report are to: (1) update analysis. Fourteen stations on major rivers in adjacent mean annual flow, annual low- and high-flow statis- states and 174 streamflow-gaging stations in Okla- tics, and flow-duration statistics for each streamflow homa were selected. Only continuous-record sites with gaging station with 10 years or more of streamflow at least 10 years of unregulated or regulated data were record; (2) present seasonal low-flow statistics for selected for analysis. Streamflow at 113 of the stations these gaging stations for three Oklahoma growth is known to be affected by regulation, urbanization, or seasons: (a) spring
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