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Ecoregions of Oklahoma

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Ecoregions of Oklahoma 103° 102° 101° 100° 99° 98° 97° 96° 95° 27 Medicine Lodge Independence 25 26 27 28 29 40 26 Winfield Joplin ° 25c Liberal 37 COLORADO A 25b 25b 25b rk 25c 26a a 37° r 25b KANSAS nsas N 26 v e R eo Ri 25b i s 26f Cimarron ma v h Picher 25e Ci rron 26b 26a e o R C r R iver h ive 39a 25c 27d i r NEW MEXICO k 39 a 40b Miami 25e 25b s k 27l i Boise City 25e Alva a 40d r R Rive 27p iv Bartlesville er 27q e 39b av r Kaw e 25c B Guymon 26a Ponca City Lake 28a 25b Optima Great Salt 25e S C Grand Lake O’ 25 Lake Plains Lake al a 25e t F River n The Cherokees 26a ork Arkansas e 27q y 25e 25e 25e R 39a MISSOURI i TEXAS C 27d v Oologah im 29a e Lake ARKANSAS r 39a ar Woodward ron Perryton R Stratford N i ver 39a 25 25 25 o 27l Enid r 27n Lake 39 th Pawnee Pryor Hudson 39b 103° 102° 101° C 27l T Claremore a u n r Perry Keystone 40b a k d e Lake ia y . n R C 39a 39a R V o iv r e e e Tulsa r h r Canton Lake e d s r k i o e 26 Stillwater g e iv r r R ive i n R s N Fort Gibson s 27o arro oi 25 High Plains 33 East Central Texas Plains im Broken Arrow R Lake 39a in C i l 39a ° v l 39b 27l I 36 ° e 25b Rolling Sand Plains 33a Northern Post Oak Savanna 36 r Sapulpa 25c Moderate Relief Plains Cushing Tahlequah 35 South Central Plains 27l C Guthrie 25e Canadian/Cimarron High Plains a 35b Floodplains and Low Terraces na 27l s River dian ve r ansa 26 Southwestern Tablelands 35c Pleistocene Fluvial Terraces Ri Ark 39a 26a Canadian/Cimarron Breaks 27q 35d Cretaceous Dissected Uplands TEXAS Muskogee 38 26b Flat Tablelands and Valleys 35g Red River Bottomlands W a 27d 26c Caprock Canyons, Badlands, and Breaks 35h Blackland Prairie sh Okmulgee 40b Tenkiller ita Deep Ferry 38b 26f Mesa de Maya/Black Mesa R N Fork iv o Lake er r 36 Ouachita Mountains El Reno th 29a 27 Central Great Plains 27h Clinton C 37b Sallisaw 36a Athens Plateau Weatherford an ad 27d Prairie Tableland ia 36b Central Mountain Ranges 27 Ca Oklahoma City n 27h Red Prairie Elk City nad R ian iv Fort 36d Fourche Mountains River e 37b Smith 27i Broken Red Plains r Shawnee Robert S. 36e Western Ouachitas N Kerr o 27k Wichita Mountains r Reservoir t Lake 37a 36f Western Ouachita Valleys h 27l Pleistocene Sand Dunes 27l F Norman Thunderbird r o ive rk R er 37d 27m Red River Tablelands 37 Arkansas Valley R Little iv e R Eufaula 37 d n Lake 37a 27n Gypsum Hills 37a Scattered High Ridges and Mountains R ia iv d e a 37a r 37b Arkansas River Floodplain r Chickasha n Poteau e 27o Cross Timbers Transition 26 a ° 37a i v 35 ° 27k 27o C R 27p Salt Plains 37d Arkansas Valley Plains 35 Elm Fo Lake u 26c rk Re Altus Ca ea d Ri 27h nadian R McAlester Pot 37a 27q Rolling Red Hills 37e Lower Canadian Hills ver 27o iver 27r Limestone Hills 27k 38 Boston Mountains ita R Lake Wash iver 37e 28 Flint Hills S 27r 38b Lower Boston Mountains a Ellsworth 36d l Ada 27 t 28a Flint Hills F 27k Pauls Valley Sardis o Mu 36f 36a 39 Ozark Highlands r 27k d Lake k d 36d 29 Cross Timbers y R B 39a Springfield Plateau e o d 29a Northern Cross Timbers 27m g 36e 39b Dissected Springfield Plateau– 26 R Altus 29h g y i Lawton r 36f 29b Eastern Cross Timbers v e C iv Elk River Hills e R Red River r r hi 29c Western Cross Timbers Duncan e ic e m L 36 k Atoka a i i 36a 29d Grand Prairie 40 Central Irregular Plains 27h Reservoir 36e t K t l 29g e 29g Arbuckle Uplift 40b Osage Cuestas 29i R i 36e v Broken 29h Northwestern Cross Timbers 40d Cherokee Plains Waurika Lake e r Bow 29i Arbuckle Mountains Clear Bogg 36f Lake 36f Pine 27i y Cr Creek 36b Ardmore B lu eek Lake 36a e Hugo R 35d TEXAS 29c iv Lake Level III ecoregion boundary Level IV ecoregion boundary e r County boundary State boundary 29b Hugo 35c 34° 34° 27 Lake 35h Little River 35b Texoma Durant 35c Wichita Falls 35c 35b 35 29d Idabel SCALE 1:1 250 000 33a 35g Red River 35d Red River 35h 35 35g 15 10 5 0 15 30 mi Lake Pat Mayse NSAS 26 Kemp Lake 35c Lake TEXAS 33 Arrowhead 30 20 10 0 30 60 km ARKA TEXAS Albers Equal Area Projection 29 Sherman 33 Standard Parallels 34° 30' N and 36° 00' N 32 ° ° ° ° ° INTERIOR—GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, RESTON, VIRGINIA—2005 100 99 98 97 96 95° Ecoregions denote areas of general similarity in ecosystems and in the type, quality, and quantity of Coastal Plain, occur in the southeast. Tall grass prairie, mixed grass prairie, and short grass prairie are Bryce, S.A., Omernik, J.M., and Larsen, D.P., 1999, Ecoregions – a geographic framework to guide risk PRINCIPAL AUTHORS: Alan J. Woods (Oregon State University), James M. environmental resources. They are designed to serve as a spatial framework for the research, assessment, native to central and western Oklahoma. Mesquite and other xeric plants characterize the dry southwest. characterization and ecosystem management: Environmental Practice, v. 1, no. 3, p. 141-155. Omernik (U.S. Geological Survey), Daniel R. Butler (Oklahoma Conservation management, and monitoring of ecosystems and ecosystem components. By recognizing the spatial Elevations drop from about 5,000 feet on Black Mesa in the northwestern Panhandle to about 300 feet in Chapman, S.S., Omernik, J.M., Freeouf, J.A., Huggins, D.G., McCauley, J.R., Freeman, C.C., Steinauer, G., Commission–Water Quality Division), Jimmy G. Ford (U.S. Department of differences in the capacities and potentials of ecosystems, ecoregions stratify the environment by its southeastern Oklahoma. Rivers follow regional topographic trends. Impoundments are common, and Angelo, R.T., and Schlepp, R.L., 2001, Ecoregions of Nebraska and Kansas: Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Agriculture–Natural Resources Conservation Service), James E. Henley (U.S. Department of Agriculture–Natural Resources Conservation Service), Bruce W. probable response to disturbance (Bryce, Omernik, and Larsen, 1999). impact hydrology and the abundance and distribution of fish. Survey, map scale 1:1,950,000. Chapman, S.S., Omernik, J.M., Griffith, G.E., Schroeder, W.A., Nigh, T.A., and Wilton, T.F., 2002, Ecoregions Hoagland (Oklahoma Biological Survey), Derek S. Arndt (Oklahoma Ecoregions are general purpose regions that are critical for structuring and implementing ecosystem The strong east-west zonation of vegetation and climate in Oklahoma significantly influences the of Iowa and Missouri: Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey, map scale 1:1,800,000. Climatological Survey), and Brian C. Moran (Indus Corporation). management strategies across federal agencies, state agencies, and nongovernment organizations that are distribution of fauna, including reptiles, mammals, and insects (Blair and Hubbell, 1938; Webb, 1970). Commission for Environmental Cooperation Working Group, 1997, Ecological regions of North COLLABORATORS AND CONTRIBUTORS: Kurt Atkinson (Oklahoma responsible for different types of resources in the same geographical areas (Omernik and others, 2000). A The western boundary of deciduous forest limits the westward extension of many eastern species. America – toward a common perspective: Montreal, Commission for Environmental Cooperation, 71 p. Department of Agriculture, Food, and Forestry), Sandy A. Bryce (Dynamac Roman numeral hierarchical scheme has been adopted for different levels of ecological regions. Level I is Southern Rocky Mountain fauna species intergrade with Great Plains species on Black Mesa in the Gallant, A.L., Whittier, T.R., Larsen, D.P., Omernik, J.M., and Hughes, R.M., 1989, Regionalization as a tool for Corporation), Shannen S. Chapman (Dynamac Corporation), Philip A. Crocker the coarsest level, dividing North America into 15 ecological regions. Level II divides the continent into western Panhandle. Great Plains fauna are found in intervening districts. managing environmental resources: Corvallis, Oregon, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EPA/600/3- (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Glenn E. Griffith (Dynamac 52 regions (Commission for Environmental Cooperation Working Group, 1997). At level III, the 89/060, 152 p. Corporation), Chris Hise (The Nature Conservancy), Charlie Howell (U.S. Much of Oklahoma’s natural vegetation has been lost to overgrazing, burning, logging, erosion, and continental United States contains 104 regions whereas the conterminous United States has 84 (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency), Ron Jarman (Apex Environmental, Inc.), cultivation. Today, the state is a mosaic of grazing land, cropland, woodland, forests, and abandoned Griffith, G.E., Bryce, S.A., Omernik, J.M., Comstock, J.A., Rogers, A.C., Harrison, B., Hatch, S.L., and Environmental Protection Agency, 2005). Level IV ecoregions are further subdivisions of level III Bezanson, D., 2004, Ecoregions of Texas: Reston, Virginia, U.S. Geological Survey, map scale 1:2,500,000. Thomas R. Loveland (U.S. Geological Survey), Kenneth V. Luza (Oklahoma farmland. Wheat and alfalfa are the main crops. Grain sorghum is well adapted to sandy soils. Soybeans Geological Survey), Phillip Moershel (Oklahoma Water Resources Board), ecoregions. Methods used by the U.S.
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  • Scenic Trips to the Geologic Past No. 7: High Plains

    Scenic Trips to the Geologic Past No. 7: High Plains

    HIGH PLAINS northeastern new mexico scenic trips to the geologic past capulin mountain clayton raton SCENIC TRIPS TO THE GEOLOGIC PAST No. 1 - Santa Fe, New Mexico, 1955 (25 Cents). No. 2 - Taos-Red River-Eagle Nest, New Mexico, Circle Drive, 1956 (25 Cents), No. 3 - Roswell-Capitan-Ruidoso and Bottomless Lakes Park, New Mexico, 1958 (25 cents). No. 4 - Southern Zuni Mountains, New Mexico, 1958 (25 cents). No. 5 - Silver City-Santa Rita Hurley, New Mexico, 1959 (25 cents). No. 6 - Trail Guide to the Upper Pecos, New Mexico, 1960 ($1.00). No. 7 - High Plains - Northeastern New Mexico, Raton-Capulin Mountain- Clayton, 1961 (50 cents). SCENIC TRIPS TO THE GEOLOGIC PAST NO. 7 High Plains Northeastern New Mexico Raton Capulin Mountain -Clayton BY WILLIAM R. MUEHLBERGER BREWSTER BALDWIN AND ROY W. FOSTER 1961 STATE BUREAU OF MINES AND MINERAL RESOURCES NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY CAMPUS STATION SOCORRO, NEW MEXICO NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING & TECHNOLOGY E. J. Workman, President STATE BUREAU OF MINES & MINERAL RESOURCES Alvin J. Thompson, Director THE REGENTS MEMBERS EX OFFICIO The Honorable Edwin L. Mechem Governor of New Mexico Tom Wiley Superintendent of Public Instruction APPOINTED MEMBERS William G. Abbott Hobbs Holm O. Bursum, Jr, Socorro Thomas M. Cramer Carlsbad Frank C. DiLuzio Albuquerque Eva M. Larrazolo (Mrs. Paul F.) Albuquerque PREFACE Geology, the science of the earth, embraces many specialized fields. Among these are petrology, stratigraphy, geophysics, mineralogy, paleontology, geochemistry, and volcanology. Several or all of these specialized fields may be utilized to interpret the geologic history of any particular locality.