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Slovakia's Righteous Among the Nations
Slovakia’s Righteous among the Nations Gila Fatran Slovak-Jewish relations, an important factor in the rescue of Jews during the Holocaust, were influenced in no small part by events that took place in the latter third of the 19th century. That century saw the national awakening of oppressed nations. The Slovak nation, ruled by the Hungarians for 1,000 years, was struggling at the time for its national existence. The creation of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy led in 1867 to the granting of equal civil rights to the Jews in the empire in the assumption that they would assimilate nationally and culturally into the state. At the same time the Hungarian leaders stepped up their suppression of the Slovak nation. The integration of the Jews into the developing economic and cultural life and the continued improvement in their situation alongside the suppression of the aspirations of the Slovaks, were used by the political and church representatives of the Slovak nation to fan the flames of Jew-hatred and to blame the Jews for the difficult lot of the Slovak People. During this period many Slovak publications also addressed the existence of a “Jewish Question” in a negative sense: blaming the Jews for all of the Slovak society’s ills. During this era, one of the central reasons behind the rise of Slovak antisemitism was the economic factor. At the same time, the slogan “Svoj k svojmu,” which, freely translated, means “Buy only from your own people,” registered a series of “successes” in neighboring countries. However, when nationalists, using this motto, launched a campaign to persuade Slovaks to boycott Jewish-owned shops, their efforts proved unsuccessful. -
2019 European Elections the Weight of the Electorates Compared to the Electoral Weight of the Parliamentary Groups
2019 European Elections The weight of the electorates compared to the electoral weight of the parliamentary groups Guillemette Lano Raphaël Grelon With the assistance of Victor Delage and Dominique Reynié July 2019 2019 European Elections. The weight of the electorates | Fondation pour l’innovation politique I. DISTINGUISHING BETWEEN THE WEIGHT OF ELECTORATES AND THE ELECTORAL WEIGHT OF PARLIAMENTARY GROUPS The Fondation pour l’innovation politique wished to reflect on the European elections in May 2019 by assessing the weight of electorates across the European constituency independently of the electoral weight represented by the parliamentary groups comprised post-election. For example, we have reconstructed a right-wing Eurosceptic electorate by aggregating the votes in favour of right-wing national lists whose discourses are hostile to the European Union. In this case, for instance, this methodology has led us to assign those who voted for Fidesz not to the European People’s Party (EPP) group but rather to an electorate which we describe as the “populist right and extreme right” in which we also include those who voted for the Italian Lega, the French National Rally, the Austrian FPÖ and the Sweden Democrats. Likewise, Slovak SMER voters were detached from the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) Group and instead categorised as part of an electorate which we describe as the “populist left and extreme left”. A. The data collected The electoral results were collected list by list, country by country 1, from the websites of the national parliaments and governments of each of the States of the Union. We then aggregated these data at the European level, thus obtaining: – the number of individuals registered on the electoral lists on the date of the elections, or the registered voters; – the number of votes, or the voters; – the number of valid votes in favour of each of the lists, or the votes cast; – the number of invalid votes, or the blank or invalid votes. -
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¶∞ƒ√π∫π∞∫∏ ¶POO¢EYTIKH EºHMEPI¢A ™THN Y¶HPE™IA TH™ KY¶PIAKH™ ¶APOIKIA™ ¶∂ª¶Δ∏ 1 √∫Δøμƒπ√À 2015 ● XPONO™ 40Ô˜ ● AÚÈıÌfi˜ ʇÏÏÔ˘ 2124 ● PRICE: 75 pence ¯¯ÚÚfifiÓÓÈÈ·· ««¶¶··ÚÚÔÔÈÈÎÎÈÈ··Î΋‹»» ™ÙȘ 25 ™ÂÙÂÌ‚Ú›Ô˘ 2015 Û˘ÌÏËÚÒıËÎ·Ó ÙÔ 1974, Û˘Ó¯›˙ÂÈ Ó· «˘ËÚÂÙ›» ÙËÓ ·ÚÔÈ- Î·È ‰È·ÊËÌÈÛÙ¤˜ ÁÈ· ÙË ‰È·¯ÚÔÓÈ΋ ÙÔ˘˜ ÛÙ‹- 41 ¯ÚfiÓÈ· ·fi ÙË «Á¤ÓÓËÛË» Ù˘ ÚÔԉ¢ÙÈ- Λ· Ì ÛÔ‚·Ú‹ ¤Á΢ÚË ÂÓË̤ڈÛË ÁÈ· ı¤Ì·- ÚÈÍË ÛÙËÓ ÂÊËÌÂÚ›‰· Ì·˜ Î·È ˘ÔÛ¯fiÌ·ÛÙ ΋˜ ÂÊËÌÂÚ›‰·˜ Ù˘ ΢Úȷ΋˜ ·ÚÔÈΛ·˜ Ù· Ô˘ ·ÊÔÚÔ‡Ó ÙËÓ ·ÚÔÈΛ·, ÙËÓ ∫‡ÚÔ Î·È ˆ˜ ı· Û˘Ó¯›ÛÔ˘Ì ·ÎfiÌË ÈÔ ‰˘Ó·ÌÈο Ì ÙÔ˘ §ÔÓ‰›ÓÔ˘, Ù˘ «¶·ÚÔÈÎȷ΋˜». ÙË μÚÂÙ·Ó›·. ÁÓÒÌÔÓ· ÙÔ Î·Ïfi ÙÔ˘ Ï·Ô‡ Ù˘ ·ÚÔÈΛ·˜ Ì·˜ ¶ÈÛÙ‹ ÛÙÔ ¤ÚÁÔ ÎÈ ·ÁÒÓ· ÙˆÓ È‰Ú˘ÙÒÓ Ù˘, ∏ «¶·ÚÔÈÎȷ΋» ¢¯·ÚÈÛÙ› ÙÔ˘˜ ·Ó·ÁÓÒÛÙ˜ Î·È Ù˘ ȉȷ›ÙÂÚ‹˜ Ì·˜ ·ÙÚ›‰·˜, Ù˘ ∫‡ÚÔ˘. ∏ ‰È·Ú·ÁÌ·Ù¢ÙÈ΋ ‰È·‰Èηۛ·, ¢È·Î‹Ú˘ÍË ∞∫∂§ Ô ÌfiÓÔ˜ ‰ÚfiÌÔ˜ ÁÈ· χÛË – ÁÈ· ÙËÓ Ë̤ڷ Ù˘ ∫˘Úȷ΋˜ ∞ÓÂÍ·ÚÙËÛ›·˜ ·ÂÏ¢ı¤ÚˆÛË, ·ӤӈÛË §∂À∫ø™π∞ – ∞ÓÙ·fiÎÚÈÛË ∞∫∂§: ÌÔÓ·‰È΋ ÚÔÛÊÂÚfiÌÂÓË Ï‡- ›Û˘ fiÙÈ ÙÔ ∞∫∂§, ÚÔÛË- ÚÒÙË ÙÔ˘ √ÎÙÒ‚ÚË, ̤ڷ Ù˘ ∫˘Úȷ΋˜ ∞ÓÂ- ¶∂Δƒ√™ ¶∞™π∞™ «∏ ÙÚ¤¯Ô˘Û· ‰È·Ú·ÁÌ·- ÛË ÛÙÔ ÔÏÈÙÈÎfi Ì·˜ Úfi‚ÏË- ψ̤ÓÔ ÛÙȘ ¿ÁȘ ı¤ÛÂȘ ∏Í·ÚÙËÛ›·˜, ·ÔÙÂÏ› ÙÔ ÂÈÛÙ¤Á·ÛÌ· Ôχ¯ÚÔ- Ù¢ÙÈ΋ ‰È·‰Èηۛ· ·ÔÙÂÏ› Ì·. ÀÔÁÚ·ÌÌ›˙ÂÈ Ù·˘Ùfi¯ÚÔ- ÙÔ˘ ÛÙÔ ∫˘ÚÈ·Îfi, ÙȘ ·Ú¯¤˜ ÓˆÓ ·ÁÒÓˆÓ Î·È ı˘ÛÈÒÓ ÙÔ˘ Ï·Ô‡ Ì·˜. -
International Migration in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the Outlook for East Central Europe
International Migration in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the Outlook for East Central Europe DUŠAN DRBOHLAV* Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague Abstract: The contribution is devoted to the international migration issue in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (Czechoslovakia). Besides the contemporary trends, the international migration situation is briefly traced back to the communist era. The probable future scenario of international migration development - based especially on migration patterns that Western Europe has experienced - is also sketched, whilst mainly economic, social, political, demographic, psychological and geographical aspects are mentioned. Respecting a logical broader geopolitical and regional context, Poland and Hungary are also partly dealt with. Statistics are accompanied by some explanations, in order to see the various „faces“ of international migration (emigration versus immigration) as well as the different types of migration movements namely illegal/clandestine, legal guest-workers, political refugees and asylum seekers. Czech Sociological Review, 1994, Vol. 2 (No. 1: 89-106) 1. Introduction The aim of the first part of this contribution is to describe and explain recent as well as contemporary international migration patterns in the Czech Republic and Slovakia (and the former Czechoslovakia). The second part is devoted to sketching a possible future scenario of international migration development. In order to tackle this issue Poland and Hungary have also been taken into account. In spite of the general importance of theoretical concepts and frameworks of international migration (i.e. economic theoretical and historical-structural perspectives, psychosocial theories and systems and geographical approaches) the limited space at our disposal necessitates reference to other works that devote special attention to the problem of discussing theories1 [see e.g. -
A Historical Perspective on Entrepreneurial Environment and Business-Government-Society Relationship in Cyprus
A Historical Perspective on Entrepreneurial Environment and Business-Government-Society Relationship in Cyprus Gizem ÖKSÜZOĞLU GÜVEN, PhD. Brunel Business School, Brunel University United Kingdom ABSTRACT This article studies the entrepreneurial environment and business-government-society relationship in Cyprus during the Ottoman Empire period (1571-1878) and during the British Colonial period (1878- 1960) with an emphasis on Cypriot Turks. These two periods have particular socio-cultural and economic importance in Cypriot history. Furthermore, these periods are significant in terms of setting out the basis of today’s entrepreneurial culture and practices in Cyprus. This article presents insights on the governance styles, significant figures and positions within society during those periods. It also discusses the connections between administrative officials and businesses. By doing so, it aims to shed light on the entrepreneurial environment in each of these periods. Extensive research of historical documents and relevant literature suggests quite similar structures in both periods, yet more complicated relationships during the British Colonial period. Keywords: Entrepreneurial environment, business-government-society relationship, Cyprus, business history, Ottoman Empire period, British colonial period, 1. Introduction This article aims to shed light on entrepreneurial practices and business-government-society relationship during two of the most recent and influential periods of Cyprus; the Ottoman Empire period and the British Colonial period. This article provides insights to current entrepreneurs and foreign investors to understand the antecedents of business culture, certain practices and structures that originate from those two periods in order to better adapt to the current entrepreneurial environment. The first section discusses each period, the way entrepreneurial practice and business-government- society relationship were shaped and the second section provides a discussion. -
United We Stand, Divided We Fall: the Kremlin’S Leverage in the Visegrad Countries
UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL: THE KREMLIN’S LEVERAGE IN THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES Edited by: Ivana Smoleňová and Barbora Chrzová (Prague Security Studies Institute) Authors: Ivana Smoleňová and Barbora Chrzová (Prague Security Studies Institute, Czech Republic) Iveta Várenyiová and Dušan Fischer (on behalf of the Slovak Foreign Policy Association, Slovakia) Dániel Bartha, András Deák and András Rácz (Centre for Euro-Atlantic Integration and Democracy, Hungary) Andrzej Turkowski (Centre for International Relations, Poland) Published by Prague Security Studies Institute, November 2017. PROJECT PARTNERS: SUPPORTED BY: CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 CZECH REPUBLIC 7 Introduction 7 The Role of the Russian Embassy 7 The Cultural Sphere and Non-Governmental Organizations 8 The Political Sphere 9 The Extremist Sphere and Paramilitary Groups 10 The Media and Information Space 11 The Economic and Financial Domain 12 Conclusion 13 Bibliography 14 HUNGARY 15 Introduction 15 The Role of the Russian Embassy 15 The Cultural Sphere 16 NGOs, GONGOs, Policy Community and Academia 16 The Political Sphere and Extremism 17 The Media and Information Space 18 The Economic and Financial Domain 19 Conclusion 20 Bibliography 21 POLAND 22 Introduction 22 The Role of the Russian Embassy 22 Research Institutes and Academia 22 The Political Sphere 23 The Media and Information Space 24 The Cultural Sphere 24 The Economic and Financial Domain 25 Conclusion 26 Bibliography 26 SLOVAKIA 27 Introduction 27 The Role of the Russian Embassy 27 The Cultural Sphere 27 The Political Sphere 28 Paramilitary organisations 28 The Media and Information Space 29 The Economic and Financial Domain 30 Conclusion 31 Bibliography 31 CONCLUSION 33 UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL: THE KREMLIN’S LEVERAGE IN THE VISEGRAD COUNTRIES IN THE VISEGRAD THE KREMLIN’S LEVERAGE DIVIDED WE FALL: UNITED WE STAND, INTRODUCTION In the last couple of months, Russian interference in the internal affairs if the Kremlin’s involvement is overstated and inflated by the media. -
New Parties in the Party Systems of Central and Eastern European Countries: the Factors of Electoral Success
vol� 63(3)/2019, pp� 50–65 DOI: 10�15804/athena�2019�63�04 www�athenaeum�umk�pl ISSN 1505-2192 NEW PARTIES IN THE PARTY SYSTEMS OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES : THE FACTORS OF ELECTORAL SUCCESS NOWE PARTIE W SYSTEMACH PARTYJNYCH PAŃSTW EUROPY ŚRODKOWEJ I WSCHODNIEJ: CZYNNIKI WYBORCZEGO SUKCESU Maciej Marmola* — ABSTRACT — — ABSTRAKT — The aim of the presented analysis is to identify Prezentowana analiza ma na celu zidentyfikowanie factors correlated with the proportion of seats czynników wykazujących związek z odsetkiem obtained by new political parties in party systems mandatów dla nowych partii politycznych of Central and Eastern European countries� The w warunkach systemów partyjnych państw study provides an original approach to success Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej� W trakcie badań of new parties, offering factors divided into in zaproponowano autorskie zestawienie czynników four groups (political, social, institutional and mogących współwystępować z wyższym wynikiem economic factors)� The study results confirmed mandatowym nowych partii, skategoryzowanych that a higher proportion of seats obtained by w obrębie czterech grup (czynników politycznych, new parties in the investigated area correlated społecznych, instytucjonalnych oraz ekono- with lower trust in the European Union, lower micznych)� Uzyskane rezultaty potwierdziły, że institutional trust (index based on trust in the wyższy odsetek mandatów zdobytych przez nowe parliament, government and political par- ugrupowania na badanym obszarze współwy- ties), poorer evaluations -
Newcomers in Politics? the Success of New Political Parties in the Slovak and Czech Republic After 2010?
BALTIC JOURNAL OF LAW & POLITICS A Journal of Vytautas Magnus University VOLUME 8, NUMBER 2 (2015) ISSN 2029-0454 Cit.: Baltic Journal of Law & Politics 8:2 (2015): 91–111 http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/bjlp DOI: 10.1515/bjlp-2015-0020 NEWCOMERS IN POLITICS? THE SUCCESS OF NEW POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE SLOVAK AND CZECH REPUBLIC AFTER 2010? Viera Žúborová Associate Professor University of St. Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Social Sciences (Slovakia) Contact information Address: Namestie Jozefa Herdu 2, 917 01 Trnava, Slovakia Phone: +421 33 55 65 302 E-mail address: [email protected] Received: September 25, 2015; reviews: 2; accepted: December 28, 2015. ABSTRACT The last election in the Slovak and Czech Republic was special. It not only took place before the official electoral period (pre-elections), but new political parties were “again” successful. The article focuses not only on both elections in the last two years in a comparative perspective, but it analyses the opportunity structure of success as well, including types of new political parties (according to Lucardie). The article seeks to answer the question: why are new political parties electorally successful, able to break into parliament and even become part of a coalition government? We assume that the emergence and success of new political parties in both countries relied on the ability to promote “old” ideas in a new fashion, colloquially referred to as “new suits” or “old” ideological flows in new breeze. KEYWORDS New political parties, prophetic parties, purifiers parties, prolocutors parties - 10.1515/bjlp-2015-0020 Downloaded from De Gruyter Online at 09/13/2016 12:19:48AM via free access BALTIC JOURNAL OF LAW & POLITICS ISSN 2029-0454 VOLUME 8, NUMBER 2 2015 INTRODUCTION The research on the electoral success of new parties in Central and Eastern Europe still lacks depth. -
Challenger Party List
Appendix List of Challenger Parties Operationalization of Challenger Parties A party is considered a challenger party if in any given year it has not been a member of a central government after 1930. A party is considered a dominant party if in any given year it has been part of a central government after 1930. Only parties with ministers in cabinet are considered to be members of a central government. A party ceases to be a challenger party once it enters central government (in the election immediately preceding entry into office, it is classified as a challenger party). Participation in a national war/crisis cabinets and national unity governments (e.g., Communists in France’s provisional government) does not in itself qualify a party as a dominant party. A dominant party will continue to be considered a dominant party after merging with a challenger party, but a party will be considered a challenger party if it splits from a dominant party. Using this definition, the following parties were challenger parties in Western Europe in the period under investigation (1950–2017). The parties that became dominant parties during the period are indicated with an asterisk. Last election in dataset Country Party Party name (as abbreviation challenger party) Austria ALÖ Alternative List Austria 1983 DU The Independents—Lugner’s List 1999 FPÖ Freedom Party of Austria 1983 * Fritz The Citizens’ Forum Austria 2008 Grüne The Greens—The Green Alternative 2017 LiF Liberal Forum 2008 Martin Hans-Peter Martin’s List 2006 Nein No—Citizens’ Initiative against -
Esamizdat 2010-2011 08 Txt.Pdf
eSamizdat eSamizdat - (VIII) dicembre eSamizdat, Rivista di culture dei paesi slavi registrata presso la Sezione per la Stampa e l’Informazione del Tri- bunale civile di Roma. No 286/2003 del 18/06/2003, ISSN 1723-4042 Copyright eSamizdat - Alessandro Catalano e Simone Guagnelli DIRETTORE RESPONSABILE Simona Ragusa CURATORI Alessandro Catalano e Simone Guagnelli COMITATO SCIENTIFICO Giuseppe Dell’Agata, Nicoletta Marcialis, Paolo Nori, Jirˇ´ı Pelan,´ Gian Piero Piretto, Stanislav Savickij COPERTINA, IMPAGINAZIONE E PROGETTO GRAFICO Simone Guagnelli Indirizzo elettronico della rivista: http://www.esamizdat.it e-mail: [email protected] Sede: Via Principe Umberto, 18 – 00185 Roma Sono autorizzate la stampa e la copia purche´ riproducano fedelmente e in modo chiaro la fonte citata. Libri e materiale cartaceo possono essere inviati a Alessandro Catalano, Via Principe Umberto, 18 – 00185 Roma o a Simone Guagnelli, Via Carlo Denina, 22 – 00179 Roma. Articoli e altri contributi elettronici vanno inviati in formato word o LATEX all’indirizzo [email protected] I criteri redazionali sono scaricabili all’indirizzo: www.esamizdat.it/criteri redazionali.htm www.esamizdat.it SECOLO UNIONE SOVIETICA XX IL SAMIZDAT TRA MEMORIAL’ DITORIACLANDESTINAE E UTOPIAIN CECOSLOVACCHIANELLA E SECONDA METÀ DEL A cura di Alessandro Catalano e Simone Guagnelli Paolo Nori, Un intervento variopinto i-vii I NTRODUZIONE 2010-2011 (VIII) Alessandro Catalano, Simone Guagnelli, “La luce dell’est: il - samizdat come costruzione di una comunità parallela” A RCHEOLOGIA DEL SAMIZDAT Samizdat e Valentina Parisi, “Samizdat: problemi di definizione” - Tomáš Glanc, “Il samizdat come medium”, traduzione dal ceco - di Francesca Lazzarin Indice di Annalisa Cosentino, “Forme del samizdat” - Andrej Ju. Ar´ev, “Le preferenze estetiche del samizdat”, - traduzione dal russo di Maria Isola Jirinaˇ Šiklová, “Il samizdat come mezzo di stratificazione so- - ciale e possibilità di sopravvivenza della cultura di una na- zione. -
This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from the King's Research Portal At
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Language and Identity Management Across Media A Communities of Practice Study of a Greek-Cypriot Student Society in Britain Christodoulou, Valentina Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 03. Oct. 2021 This electronic theses or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Title: Language and Identity Management Across Media A Communities of Practice Study of a Greek-Cypriot Student Society in Britain Author: Valentina Christodoulou The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. -
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