JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicof Systematic Zoology
Proc.Jap. Soc. syst. Zbet., No. 23: 37-55. June 25, 19S2.
Serpulinae (Polychaetous Annelids) from the Palau and Yap Islands, Micronesia
Minoru IMAJIMA
Synopsis
IMAJIMA, M. 1982 Serpulinae (Polyehaeteus annelids) from the Palau and Yap Islands, Micronesia. Proc. Jap. Soc. sust. Zeel., Tokyo, No, 23: 37-55. Serpulinae of polychaetous annelids col]ected from the Palau and Yap Islands, Micronesia are reported here. In the present study, 27 species, includ- ing two new speeies, Serpula palauense and Hvdroides bili(lecs, and one new subspeeies Spirobranchus tTicornigerus decorestus, in nine genera of Ser- pulinae are recognized. The distTibutional data are analyzed in Table 1: of the 27 recorded seTpu]id speeies from the Palau and Yap Islands, 20 or 74% ara known also from southern Japan, and 18 or 66% are known also from
Australia, and 15 or 55% are known from the Indian Oeean.
M. IMAJIMA: Department of Zoology, National Seience Museum (Nat. HisO, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan.
A survey of marine fauna around the Palau and Yap Islands, Micro- nesia, which is supported by the Grants-in-aid for Overseas Scientific Research (Ne. 504101) frorn the Ministry of Education, Seience and Culture, Japan, was carried out by seven persons, from June 8 thTeugh July 20, 1980. The survey was undertaken as part of a project to elucidate the origin and hierarchy of Japanese marine fauna that are eonveyed and dispersed by the Kuroshio Current derived from the North Equatorial CuTrent. ' Although many polyehaetes have been obtained by the author in this this report deals with speeimens of Serpulinae enly, Up till now ' survey, only two serpulid speeies, Hydroicles novaepommeranine AUGENER and recorded the Koror Pomatostegtts stellatzes (ABmDGAARD), have been from Island by OKuDA (1937). In the present study, 27 species, including two new species and one new subspecies, in nine genera of Serpulinae are recognized. [I]he caleaTeous tubes of serpulids are attached to rocks, corals, shells, and other hard substra.tes. The speeimens were collected by hand in the intertidal zone and by dredging from depths ranging from 4 tb' 30 m. Thanks are due to the staff of the Micronesia Marieulture Demon-
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38 M. Imajima
stration Center (MMDC) at Malakal and Mr. Kemesong KoDEp at Kayan- the gel, for their understanding and cooperation in undertaking present survey. He wishes to express his thanks to Mr. Valentine RAMARUI and his family for their warm help and the members of the team for coopera- tion in this survey. The bulk of the collection, ineluding type-speeirnens, has been depo- sited in the National Scienee Museum, Tokyo.
Serpula LINNAEVS, 1758 Serpula vermieularis L!NNAEUS, 1767
Serputa ver7nietctaris: STRAuGHAN, 1967a, p. 206, fig. 3(a); ZrBRowiUs, 1968, pp.96- 98, pl. 1, figs. 1-5; IMAJiMA, 1976a, p. 14L Matere'al examined. Augulpel reef (1 specimen), Gesodokkuru reef (1). DistTibution. Cosmopolitan.
Serpula concharam LANGERHANS, 1880 (Fig. 1, a-i) 1927, Serpula coneharum LANGERHANs, 1880, pp.118-119, pl. 5, fig. 35; FAuvEL, pp. 14, fig.a･ 352-353, fig. 121, a-i; ZmRowius, 1968, pp.98-100, pL 1, fig. 6-15, pl. MateTinl examinea. Melekeiok (4), Gesodokkuru reef, off ATumono- gui (1), Augulpel reef (1), Kayangel (8), Inuf, Yap Islands (1). Description. The largest specimen measures 24mm in length, in- cluding opereulum, and about 1mm in width in the thorax; it consists
of 105 segments. The branchiae have 15 to 16 gill-radioles on either side, which end aTe in slender pinnule-free tips. The basal portions of the gill-radioles connected by a branehial membrane; they are arranged in two semieircles. The opercular peduncle is cylindrical and arises from the left or right branchial lobes, just below the first normal filament; a rudimentary ･is opereutum is situated at the opposite side. The opercular funnel shaped like an inverted be]1; it has 14 to 17 blunt marginal teeth. The grooves between the teeth reach nearly te the center of the funnel; at the outer siide they cover only 1/3 of the length of the funnel (Fig. 1, a, b). The collar has one ventral and two latero-dorsal lobes, whieh are con- tinuous with the thoracic membranes; they end at the posterior margin of the last thoraeie segment. The thorax has 7 segments, 6 of which are uRcinigerous. The collar setae are of two types; slender, limbate eapillaries (Fig. 1,c) and bayo- net-shaped setae with two or three large conieal teeth and a variable
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Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 39
g
Fig. 1. Serpula conchart{m LANGERHANs. a,b, opereula, in lateral and fren- tal view, × 20; c, limbate eollar seta, × 205; d, e, bayonet-shaped collar setae, × 205; f, thoraeie uncinus, × 825; g, h, posterior abdemlnal uncini, in side and frontal views, × 825; i, abdominal seta, × 825.
nurnber of small teeth at the base of the blade (Fig. 1, d, e). The remain- ing thoraeic setae are limbate capillaries; the thoracic uneini have 8 pointed teeth in a row, of which the most anterior is the largest- (Fig. 1, f). The anterior abdominal uneini have 8 teeth in a row;posteriorly they are saw-shaped, with 1 to 4 rows of sharp teeth, 8 teeth are visible in profiIe, of which the most anterior is the largest (Fig. 1, g, h). The abdeminal setae are trumpet-shaped ctistally, with about 40 minute teeth in lateral view (Fig. 1, i); they are replaced by Iong eapillary setae in the posterior segments. The tube is white, thick-walled and irregularly coiled. It is sub- trapezoidal in cross-section with 3 to 5 longitudinal ridges. This is the first record of the species from Indo-Pacific areas. Distrib2etion. Madeira; Senegal; Palau Islands.
Serpula vittata AVGENER, 1914 IMAJIMA, 1979, Serpttla vittotcr AuGENER, 1914, pp.137-139, fig17, pl, 1, fig. 1&19; pp. 160-162, fig. Z
MateTial examinecl. Malakal (6).
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40 M. Imajima
Distribution. Western Australia; southern Japan; Palau Islands.
Serpula cf. kaempferi (KINBERG, 1867) Zepyrtcs Kaenzpuferi KINBERG, 1867, p. 351. Se?'pata ef. kaempferl: IMAJiMA, 1978, pp.50-52, fig. 2, Mctterial examineal, Malakal (2), Kwannon (6), Gesodokkuru reef (10). Distribution. North Celebes; southern Japan; Palau Islands.
Seizpula watsoni WILLEY, 1905
Serpztla watsoni WmLEy, 1905, p. 317, pL 7, fig. 187, pL 8, fig. 6; STRAuGHAN, 1967a, pp.207-208, fig. 3b; IMAJi"cA, 1977, pp.91-92. Material examined. Augulpel reef (1), Auluptagel (2). Distribz{tion. Sri Lanka; Australia; southern Japan (Ogasawara Islands); Palau Islands.
Serpula patauense sp. nov･ (Fig. 2, a-m) Material examineel. Arumizu Bay (holotype and 10 paratypes), Auluptagel (3), Malakal (1), Arakabesan (3), Gesodokkuru reef, Aru- monogui (3). DeseTiption. The holotype measures 31mm in length, including operculum, and about 1.5 mm in width in the thorax ; it has 173 setigerous segments.
The branehiae have 28 gill-radioles on the right ancl 30 on the left side, which end in slender, pinnule-free filaments, The paratypes have 16 to 26 gill-radioles on either side. The radioles are not eonnected by a branchial rnembrane. The opereular peduncle is inserted to the right at the base of the branchial stem, just below and between the first and second normal fiIa- ment. It is eylindrical, faintly wrinkled. The opereular funnel has a deep hollow; it measures about 2mm in length. There are 23 marginal radii with blunt distal tips; all radii on inner and outer side extend farther down to the center (base of funnel respectively) (Fig. 2, a,b). The paratypes have 22 to 23 marginal radii. There is a constriction between the basal part of the funnel and the peduncle. The collar has one ventral and two latero-dorsal lobes, whieh are con- tinuous with the thoracic membranes. The thoracic membranes end just posterior to the fifth row of uncini (Fig, 2, c), The thorax has 7 segments, 6 of which are uncinigerous. The collar setae are of two types: limbate eapillaries (Fig. 2, d) and bayonet-shaped
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Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 41
f ee k
Fig. 2. Serpules palattense sp. nov. a, b, opereula, in ]ateral and frontal views, × 16; e, anterior end, showing posterior collar, × 12; d, ]imbate collar seta, × 155;setae,i,e, bayonet-shaped coilar seta, × 192; t, g, parts of bayonet-shaped showing teeth at base of blade, × 500; h, thoraeie uncinus, × 770; anterior abdominal uncinus, × 770; j, posterior abdominal uncinus, × 770; k, the same, in frontal view, × 770; 1, abdominal seta, × 770; m, tube, × 3.8.
setae with a well defined apieal hairy zone, about 10 small teeth and a subapieal (more proximal) denticulate zone at the base of the blade (Fig. 2, e, f, g). The remaining thoraeie setae are thick and slender limbate capillaries; the thoracic uneini have 5 sharply pointed teeth in a row, of whieh the most anterior is the largest (Fig. 2,h). The anterior abdo- minal uncini are slightly small than those of the thorax, with 6 teeth in a row (Fig. 2, i);the posterior uncini are about as Iarge as those of the thorax, with one to three rows of minute teeth, about 7 to 8 teeth are visible in prefile (Fig. 2,j,k). Abdominal setae number about 10 in a fascicle; they are trumpet-shaped distally, with about 20 very slender teeth in lateral view (Fig. 2il). Posteriorly they are replaced by long capillary setae, The tube is calcareous, thick-walled and irregular!y coiled. It is circular in eross-section, with 5 ]ongitudinal ridges and many transverse wrinkles; its surface is brownish, and dotted with small deep-brown speckles at the spaees between transverse wrinkles (Fig. 2, m).
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42 M. Imajima
Remarles. Serpicla palauense is similar to S. massilensis ZIBRovvlus, 1968 from Marseilles region, in having bayonet-shaped col]ar setae with small teeth and a subapical denticulate zone. However, the species differs from S. massilensis in the following characteristies : the opercular funnel has a deep hollow, and all radii extend farther down to the center, instead of about only 1/3 of the length of the funnel; the thoracic membranes end J'ust posterior to the fifth row of uneini, instead o £ to the seeond or third row of uneini; moreover, the features of uncini and tube of the palauense are differing from those of masst'lensis. Type-series. Holotype, NSMT-PQL H171; 10 paratypes, NSMT-Pol. P 172.
Distribution. Palau lslands.
Genus Erydroides GUNNERVS, 1768 Hyaroides tambalagamensis PILLAI, 1961 Hydroides tambalagatnensis PiLLAI, 1961, pp.36-38, fig. 12, A-G; STRAuGHAN, 1967b, p. 33, fig. 3, g; KoHN & LLoyD, 1973, p. 387; IMAJiMA, 1976a, pp. 123--126, fig. 2; 1976b, pp. 231-232.
Material examined. Malakal (5), Arakabesan (8), Gesodokkuru reef, eff Arumonogui (7), AttIuptagel (1), Kayangel (1), Arumizu Bay (2). DistTibution. Sri Lanka; Sumatra; Australia; southern Japan; Palau Islands.
Hydroiaes minax (GRUBE, 1878)
Serpztla m･inax GRvBE, 1878, p. 269, pl. 15, fig. 5. Hvdreldes minax: FAuvEL, 1953, p,460, fig. 241,f; PimAr, 1960, pp. 8-10, text-fig. 3, A-E; 1971, p. 110; GiBBs, 1971, p, 202; IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp. 129-130, fig. 5, a-j; 1976b, pp. 233-234. Material examineal. Gesodokkuru reef (7), Malakal (3). Distrib2ttion. Southern Afriea; Indian Ocean; Red Sea; Sri Lanka; Australia; Philippines; Japan; Solomon Islands; French Polynesia; Palau Islands.
Hgdroides exaltata (MARENZELLER, 1884)
Eupo7natus exattatzes MARENzELLER, 1884, p.217, pl. 4, fig. 3; W!LLEy, 1905, pp.312- 313, pl. 7, fig. 182. Hydroicles exaltata: FAuvEl, 1953, p.461; DEw, 1959, pp.27-28, fig. 6, A; PmLAi, 1960, pp. 10-12, text-fig. 4, A-E; STRAuGHAN, 1967a, p. 220; IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp. 127-128, fig. 4. MateTial examinecl. Malakal (1), Kayangel (3).
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Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 43
Disti'ibtttion.Red Sea; Arabian Gulf; Sri Lanka S. India;
Sumatra; W` and E. Australia; Japan; Solomon Islands;andPalau Islands.
Erydroides bracltgacantha RIOJA, 1941 of 108 segments inc}uding the thoraeic ones. -･ fi l t:l' eq i,/rlfi'tTi'l//i!/i:･.illll,, t t/tt ttt t.ttF='.-1., .lt'g., ,, c/tttl- ,･,1 xssssililllitr 1 s 1 n Fig. 3. Hydroides brachyacantha RJoJA. a,b, opercula, in lateral and ven- tral views, × 33; c,d, opercula of other speelmen, lateral and ventral views, × 33; e, largest spine of opercular crown, × 33; f,g, two small spmes of same crown, × 33; h, bayonet-shaped cellaT seta, × 310; i, limbate eollar seta, × 310; j, thoTacic uneinus, × 770. Hydroides malleolaspina STRAUGHAN. k,l, opercula, in lateral and frontal views, × 33; m, opereulum of ether speeimen, in frontal view, × 33; n, limbate collar seta, × 155; o, bayonet-shapecl collar seta, × 155; p, thoracic uncinus, side and frontal views, × 770; q, r, posterior abdominal uncini ,in × 770; s, abdominal seta, × 770. NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology 44 M, lmajima The branchiae have 6 to 10 gill-radioles on either side; the gill- radioles end in enlarged slender tips. The peduncle is cylindrical and arises from the left or right side of the branchial lobes. the The distal half of the opercular funnel and the basal part of 46 crown are dark-brown in colour. The opercular funnel has 38 to radii, pointed outwards. The opercular crown has 5 to 7 spines, with a thiek cuticle (Fig. 3, a-d). The dorsalmost spine is larger and stouter than the others; it has a longer distal end, curved towards the center of the crown, forming a eage (Fig, 3, e). The remaining spines have a nearly terminal hook pointing downwards and inwards. They also have a small external swelling at its shoulder and a somewhat pointed acees- sory basal radial spine (Fig. 3, f, g). The collar setate are of two types: bayonet-shaped setae with two large conical teeth and some small accessory teeth at the base of the minutely serrated blade (Fig. 3, h> and finely serrated capillaries (Fig. 3, i). The remaining thoracie setae are limbate capillaries; the thoracic uncini have 7 teeth, the anteriormost tooth ls the largest (Fig. 3,j). Abdominal setae are trumpet-shaped distally; the posterior abdominal uncini have 2 to 7 rows of minute teeth, about 10 teeth are visible in profile. The tube is white, sinous.; it is sub-trapezoidal in cross-section with two or three longitudinal ridges. Distribution. Mexico; Australia; Palau Islands. Hgdroides tuberculata IMAJIMA, 1976 Hyclroides tteberculata IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp. 132-133, fig. 7, a-j ; 1976b, p. 233. Mate?ial examined. Malakal (14), off Kwannon (1), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (54), Kayangel reef (3), Augulpel reef (1). DistTibution. Japan; Palau Islands. llydroides albieepg (GRUBE, 1870) . Serptela (Etcpomat2ts) albi,ceps GRuBE, 1870, pp. 520-521. Hydroides albiceps: STRAuGHAN, 1967a, p.220, fig. 6(m); IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp.133- 135, fig. 8, a--v; 1976b, pp. 234-235. Material examined. Malakal (17), near KB Bridge (2), Auluptagel (1), off Kwannon (3), Arumizu Bay (93), Kayangel (3), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (13). DistTibzctiooz. Red Sea; Australia; Japan; Palau Islands. NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicof Systematic Zoology 45 Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps Hydroides malleoltzspina STRAVGHAN, 1967 (Fig. 3, k-s) Hydre･ides onalteotaspinct STRAuGHAN, 1967a, pp. 222-224, fig. 7. Material examined. Arakabesan (1), off Kwannon (1), Arumizu 4m Bay (10), off Arumonogui, in 5-7 m <9), Kayangel attol, in (2). Description. The largest specimen measures about 20 mm in length, including opereulum, and about 1 mrn in width in the thorax; it eonsists of 97 segments. . -･ The branchiae have 10 to 12 pairs of gill-radioles on either side; has three each gill-radiole has a rather long, free fiIament. The collar lobes; the Iatero-dorsal ones are large alld assoeiated with the collar setae. The pedunele is smooth and cylindrical; it arises from the left side or the right side. The opercular funnel is whitish; it has 15 to 20 marginal radii, their tips are club-shaped with semi-cireular frontal margins. The opercular crown eonsists of a stout, dorsal spine and 4 to 7 spines, which rather slightly slender than the dorsal ene. These spines are e}ongated bottle-shaped, with a semicircular anterior margin and a short neek-like constrietion; the dorsal spine is 1.2 te 1.5 times as thiek as the remainin.g ones (Fig. 3, k, 1, m). The thorax has 7 segrnents, 6 of which are uncinigerous. The collar setae are of two types: fine capillaries (Fig. 3,n) and bayonet-shaped setae with two eonieal teeth and a variable llumber of small teeth at the base of the blade (Fig. 3, o). The remaining thoraeie setae are Iimbate eapillaries; the thoracic uncini are subtriangular and have 5 teeth in a row (Fig. 3,p). The anterior abdominal uncini are smaller than those of the thorax, and have 5 teeth in a row;posteriorly they are rasp-Iike, with 8 teeth visible in profile, in one to three rows (Fig. 3, q, r). The abdominal setae are trumpet-shaped distally, with ab.out 30 minute teeth in lateral view (Fig. 3, s); they are replaced by long capiilary setae in the posterior segments. The tube is white, thick-walled and irregularly coiled. It is sub- trapezoidal in cross-section, with three longitudinal ridges and many transverse wrinkles. Disti'?ibtction. Australia; Palau Islands. Hydroides fusca IMAJIMA, 1976 Hydroides fztsca IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp.130-131, fig. 6, a-i. Material examineel. Augulpel reef (1), off Arumonogui, in 5rn (1). DistTibtttion. Japan; Palau Islands. NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology 46 M. Imajima Lrrdroides elegans (HASWELL, 1883) Ezcpomatzcs elegans HAswELL, 1883, p. 633, pl, 12, fig. 1. Hydroictes elegans: ZiBRowius, 1971, pp. 721-727, figs. 56-64; 1973a, pp. 42-44; 1973b, pp. 684-685; TEN HovE, 1974, p. 46, figs. 1-3; IMAJiMA, 1976b, pp. 237-238, fig. 3, Matet'ial examined. Arumizu Bay (75). Distrib2ttion. Australia; W. Europe; Mediterranean Sea; Caribbean Sea; Sri Lanka; Hawaiian Islands; Philippines; Japan; Palau Islands. 1976 ,Eryclroiaes tongispinosa IMAJIMA, Hydroides longispi,i.o$a IMAJiMA, 1976b, pp.240-246, fig. 5, a-q. Mate7dal examined. Attached to boat of MMDC, Malakal (42), off Arumonogui (2), Arakabesan (1). Distribzttion. Japan; Palau Islands. Hyelreides bifidus sp. nov. (Fig. 4, a-o> Materiat examined. Off Arumonogui, in 5m (holotype). Description. The holotype is, ineluding the operculum, 17mm in ]ength, and about 2 mm in width in the thorax; it eonsists of 94 segments. The branehiae are about 5mm in length; there are 22 gill-radio!es on the right side and 23 on the left, arranged in a semi-circle. The radioles are not connected by a branchial membrane, and have a slender, pinnule-free tip distally. The opereular peduncle is thick and eylindrical, and arises from the right branchial lobe, just below the first filament;. a rudimentary eper- culum is situated at the opposite side. The opereular funnel has 25 margillal radii with long, bifureated tips. The radii are V-shaped, and each prong of the fork terminates in a slender, tapering and outwardly; there is no any spine in the inner surface (Fig. 4, a, b). The opercular crown is a circlet of 21 bifureated spines, similar to those of the funneL Eaeh spine has about seven accessory teeth, arranged in a single row on the inner side; the most distal accessory tooth of the spine is bi- or tri- dentate (.Fig. 4, e, d). A central spine is lacking. There is a constric- tien between the basal part of the funnel and peduncle. The collar has one ventral and two latero-dorsal lobes, whieh are 'ending centinuous with the thoracie membranes, just posterior to the fifth uneinigerous segrnent. The thoicax has 7 segments, of which 6 are uncinigerous. The eollar setae are of twe types: slender, limbate capil]aries (Fig. 4, e) and bayo- net-shaped setae, with two Iarge, symmetrieal conical teeth at the base NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 47 ,m ･t,i,h. T " " ii"' ' '"} t' 'i' ' i ,' lki',{i`x, si l lt,iL ik t ,., ･t/･/･/･-IE ,.. ,,.g l, , eel{i 11;･ h ttllti,･1;･:-- illxee./I,. .J ,ge Fig. 4. Hydroides biiiclus sp. nov. a, operculum, in lateral view, × 17; b, part of opereulaT funnel, in frontal view, × 30; c, operculum, in frontal view, × 17; d, part of opercular erown, in lateral view, × 30; e, f, collar setae, × 143; g, h, thoracie limbate'setae, × 143; i,j,'thoracic uncini, in side and frontal views, × 700; k, I, anterior abdominal uncini, in side and frontal views, × 700; m, posterior abdominal uncinus, in side view, × 700; n, .abdominal seta, × 700; o, anterior part of tube, × 4.8. of the blade (Fig. 4,f). The remaining theracic setae are thiek (Fig. 4, g) and slender limbate capillaries (Fig. 4, h);the thoracie uncini have six sharply pointed teeth in a row, ef which the mest anterior is the largest (Fig. 4,i,j). The anterior abdominal uneini are about 213 as large as those of the thorax, with five teeth in a ro'w (Fig. 4, k,l); Posteriorly the number of teeth increases to seven visib]e in profiIe, in one to three rows (Fig. 4, m). The abdominal setae are trutnpeVshaped distally, with about 25 minute teeth ip lateral view (Fig. 4,n) ; they are NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSocietyof Society of Systematic Zoology 48 M. Imaiima replaced by long capillary setae in the posterior segments. The tube is white, thick-walled and subequal threughout the whole Ieng'th; it is sub-circular in cross-section and the surfaee has many trans- verse winkles (Fig. 4, o). Remarks, Hydroides bifidtts is related to H. heterofztrcata PILLAI, 1971 from Sri Lanka. However, H. bOidus ean be easily distinguished from the latter, by the features of the opercular funnel and erown, Although the features of the opereulum of the present species are elosely similar to Schi2ocrasp･edon furcifera (GRuBE, 1878) (as Serpz{la furcifera) from Philippines, the remaining characters, ehiefly in the setae, differ from those of the genus Hyclroides. Type. Holotype, NSMT-Pol. H 173. . Dzstribution. Palau lslands. Genus Spirobranchus BLAINVILLE, 1818 Spirobranchtts gigctnteas giganteus (PALLAS, 1766) Spirebranchtts gigante2ts gigantezes; TEN HovE, 1970, pp.14-23, figs, 35-62. Mate?'ial examined. Malakal (3). 'Distribzction. Tropieal and subtropieal eoasts. Spirobranchus giganteus corniculatus (GRUBE, 1862) Spirobranchtts gigesnteus eernicztlatus: TEN HovE, 1970, pp. 24-32, figs. 63-73, pl, 2, c; IMAJrMA, 1976a, pp.136-137, fig. 9. Material exec7nined. Malakal (3), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (1). Dist?"ib2ction. Indian Ocean; Malaysian Archipel.; Philippines; southern Paeific Islands; N. Eastern Australia; Japan; Palau Islands. Spirobranchus tetraceros (SCHMARDA, 1861) Spirobranchus tetraceres: TEN HovE, 1970, pp.3-14, figs. 1-27; IMAJIMA, 1979, pp. 177-178, fig. 8. Material examined. Malakal (4), attaehed on boat of MMDC (1); ･ Arumizu Bay (33), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (1). Dist7"ib2etion. Caribbean Sea; tropical pacific coast of Ameriea; Malaysian Arehipel. ; Indian Ocean ; Natal ; Sydney ; Japan ; Palau Islands. Spirobranehus tricornibertts decorattus subsp. nov. ･ (Fig. 5, a-m) Mate7"ial exa7nined. Malakal (2), Gesodekkuru reef, off Arumonogui (holotype and 4 paratypes), Aiyasu reef (5), Augulpel reef (4), Melekeiok NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapanese,Society Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology Serpulinae frem the Palaus and Yaps 49 (1), Kayangel (3). Description. The holotype is, ineluding operculum, 11 mm in length, and about 1.'5 mm in width in the thorax; it consists of 71 segments. The branchiae have 17 gill-radioles on either side; the gill-radioles end distally in slender, pinnule-free filaments, and have four transverse colour bands threugh the whole length. The radioles are eonnected by web-like branehial membr'ane for about 2/5 of their length (Fig, 5, a). The collar has one ventral lobe and two Iatero-dorsal ones, The latter are continuous with the thoracic membranes, which end posterior to the a". sk i.lll/'/ .L h -t lits･ ttI,/ hll1 'll,,1: /t ÷//ttt k,lbi -:t r k kiig twts1 ' ini ilIiiv/･ : d e ll f Fig. 5. Spirobranchzts tricornigerzts deeoratus subsp. nov. a, basal part of ' branchial lobe, showing branchial membrane, × 16; b, operculum, ln ven- tral view, × 16; c, the same, in frontal view, × 37; d, bayonet-shaped eollar seta, × 310; e, eapillary collar seta, × 155; f,g, thoracie limbate setae, × 310; h, thoraeic uneinus, in side view, × 770; i, the same, in frontal view, × 770; j, abdominal seta, × 770; k, abdominal uneinus, × 770; 1, cross- seetion of tube, × 8; m, tube, in lateral view, × 8. NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology 50 M. Itnajima ]ast row of uneini. The peduncle arises from the base of the right branchial lobe; it is flattened and has a pair of wing-like expansions, bearing 2 to 4 short processes on their upper rnargin. The opereulum is a circular, concave dise, with six main branched spines in a crown-like structure arising fro mthe centre of the dise. Each one of the six spines is bifurcated distally, and has rnany triangular denticles closely arranged along both sides of branches. The dentieles near the centre ef the disc are somewhat conical anct ereeted (Fig. 5, b, e), The thorax has 7 segments, 6 of which are uneinigerous. The eollar setae are of two types: bayenet-shaped setae covered with papillate to pilose processes along the distal portions of their shafts (Fig. 5, d), and eapillary setae with minutely serrated blades (Fig. 5,e). The remaining thoraeic setae are Iimbate capillaries of two sizes (Fig. 5,f,g); the thoracie uncini have 12 teeth in a row, the most anterior tooth is large and gouge-shaped (Fig. 5,h,i). The abdominal setae are compressed trumpet-shaped, terminating in a Iong delicate point, with a double row of serrations (Fig. 5,j); they number two to seven in a segrnent and eontinue to the posterior end. The abdominal uncini are sub-triangular, smaller than the thoracic ones, and have 12 teeth, with one anterior gouge (Fig. 5, k). [ehe tube is pink or partly pink on the white gTound;it is triangular in cross-section, with a hight, coarsely serrated medial keel (Fig. 5,1). There is five Iongitudinal rows of circular pits, those in the superior and inferior rows are larger than the rest (Fig. 5, m). RemaTks. The present new subspecies is closely al!ied to the stem form, SpirobTanchus tricornigero2cs GRuBE, 1878 from Philippines, by rrlay be differentiated from it in features of the operculum with more closely arranged denticles along the spines. Type-series. Holotype, NSMT-Pol. H174; 4 paratypes, NSMT-Pol. P 175. Distribution. Palau lslands. Genus Pbmatoleios PIXELL, !913 PbJnatoteios krecttssii (BAIRD, 1865) Pomatoleios kraussd･i: DAy, 1955, p. 449; STRAuGHAN, 1967a, p. 235; IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp. !35-136. Material examineal. Arumizu Bay (50). Distribution. Indian Ocean; Red Sea; South Africa; Australia; Japan ; Palau Islands. NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 51 Genus Pomatostegus SCHMARDA, 1861 Pomatestegus stellattts (ABILDGAARD, 1789) Te･rebella stellata AB-DGAARD, 1789, p. 142, pL 3, fig, 5a-b, Pontatostegus stellatus: PIxELL, 1913, p. 79; FAuvEL, 1932, p. 246; 1953, p. 465, fig. 248; OKuDA, 1937, pp.309-311, figs. 56-58; DEw, 1959, pp,41-42, fig. 14, A-G; PmLAI, 1960, pp.23-25, text-fig. 9, A-D; STRAuGHAN, 1967a, p.238; IMAJIMA, 1977, pp. 101-102, fig. 7. Material examined. Malaka] (2), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (2), Inuf, Yap Island (12). Dist7ibtction. West Indies; Red Sea; Atlantic Ocean; Australia; Palau Islands; southern Japan (Okinawa and Ogasawara Islands). Genus Metavermilia BUSH, 1904 Metavermilia acanthophor (AUGENER, 1914) Vermiliopsis acanthophora AuGENER, 1914, pp.155-158, pl. 1, figs. 21-24; DEw, 1959, p. 32, fig. 9A-E; STRAvGHAN, 1967a, p. 234. Metavermieie acanthophora: TEN HovE, 1975, p. 57; IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp. 138-139, fig. 10, a-k. Material examinecl. Malakal (1), Kwannon (1). Distribzetion. Australia; southern Japall; Palau Islands. Genus Vlermiliopsig SAINT-JOSE?H, 1894 Vbrmiliqpsis infiendibutumlgtandigera-group Yermit･iopsis infundibulumlgtancligera-group: IMAJIMA, 1976a, pp.139-141, fig. 11, ･ a-o [£ or synonymy]; 1978, p. 57. Material examined. Ma]akal (24>, Arumizu Bay (22), Arakabesan (13), Auluptagel (18), Gesodokkuru reef, off Arumonogui (53), Kayangel (26), Inuf, Yap Island (18). Distribzttion. Circum (sub-)tropieal; Japan; PIau Islands. Genus ,FIitogranec BERKELEY, 1835 11Vlograna implexa BERKELEY, 1835 Filogranct imptexa: D.A.x, 1967, pp.817-818, fig. 38.7. a-h. Salmacina clysteri: DEw, 1959, p.50, fig. 19; STRAuGHAN, 1967a, pp.250-251. Melekeiok Kayangel off Aru- MateTiaZ examined, (many), (many), monogui (many). Distribution. Atlantic Oeean; western Africa; Mediterranean Sea; Red Sea; S.W. Australia; Japan; Pa]au Islands. NII-Electronic Library Service Japanese SooietySociety of SystematicSystematio Zoology 52 M ．工majirna Table 1．Geographic distribution of the serpulid species found in the Palau and Yap Islands． Southern Philip・ Yap Speeies of Serpulid A ・ ・… lia Japan pines 懸黜、 醜艦 留讌i。、 ・ Serpuea蹴 m 壱齠 姻 s 十 十 十 十 十 十 ffyd 伽 8 ex α ltα tα 十 十 十 十 十 十 Hvdroides θ吻 醜 s 十 十 十 十 十 十 Hydroiales煽 π 十 十 十 十 十 十 Spirobrα nchus gigα nteus 十 十 十 十 十 COγnicul α 加es 1）伽 α α漉 地 α 十 十 十 十 十 PomatoleiOS kraussii 十 ｝ 十 十 十 十 P 伽 α‘ostegl‘s s 媚 α 伽 s 十 十 十 十 Vermil蜘 sis 魏 ／跏 dthulum／ 一 十 十 十 十 十 gla η digerα group Sp 伽 branchus tetrα ceros 十 十 十 十 十 恥 伽 乞伽 α呂b乞 s 十 十 十 十 ÷ s卿 啝 watsoni 十 十 十 十 吻 伽 掘 θst α mb α 吻 α幌 8盟 8 壱8 十 十 十 十 Fi‘ograna 襯 plex α 十 十 ÷ 一 十 SerPtela幡 ‘α‘α 十 十 十 漉 伽 θγ翻 犯 α o α 励 σ 悌 oア α 十 十 十 ． s θ塑 漁 cf ． k α empferi 十 十 十 HPtToides fusca 十 十 Hyd 俳oieles longi8pinoSα 十 ÷ Hydroides tubercutα ta 十 十 ・ Sp 肋 b↑ 翩 01協 s gigαnteus 十 ÷ 十 十 十 9 魄 teus Hydi 砌 伽 s brαe吻 α σα 窺 んα 十 ÷ 十 Hydroides m α lleolaspina 十 十 Serpula conch α rum 十 十 Serpulα 圃 翩 餾 θ 十 HydroUles 尻餌 麗 s 十 Sp 伽 br hus tricornigerus decoratus 十 ノ 一 NII-ElectronicN 工 工 Eleotronio Library Service Japanese SooietySociety of SystematicSystematio Zoology 53 Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps Genus Ditrupα BERKELEY ， 1832 ・ 、 Ditlupa α rietina （0 ． E MOI LER ， 1776） − − 」 【MA ・48 50・ 、 。 、 肌 −375 丘 ．128， a IMA ， 1964・ PP Ditrz P 傭 ‘襯 FAuv ，1927， PP ．374 ， 9 9 ； − − −171 9 且 ．8−13 ． text fig．1 5； ZIBRowIus ， 1968， pp ．169 ， pL ， g in 5 m ex α mined off Arumonogui ， Mffterial ． Kayangel Atoll （32）， （13）。 ndian Distribz‘‘腕 ． Western Europe ； Medi 七erranean Sea；Red Sea ほ Ocean ；Philippine Islands； Japan ； Palau Islands． Zoogeography ° ’ The Palau Islands are located roughly a 七 7 3 North Latitude and ° ’ the Philip− 134 3 Eas 七 Longi 七ude and about 500 miles east of Mindanao ， pines ． The tropical marine fauna are dispersed by 七he North Equatorial which fiows northward along Current and the warm Kuroshio Curren七， the Ryukyu Islands． Its effects may extend from the surface waters to 1 0f adepth of 700 m ． From the dis七ributional data analyzed in Table ， are the 27 recorded serpulid species from the Palau Islands， 200r 74 ％ − known also from southern Japan ． This indicates丗 a 七七he serpulid poly chaetes in this area are similar to 七hat of the sou 七hern Japan， On 七he 27 180r 66 are known also from other hand ， of the recorded species ， ％ − 七ralia and 150r are known from Indian Ocean． A small Aus ， 55go per 七 centage of the species were found in もhe Philippines， this is due to he fac七 tha七 七he fauna around its area is no 七yet clear ． The two species and are endemic Islands as far as it is ． one subspecies to the Palau ， known 摘 要 パ プ た カ ン 今 島 実 （国 立科学 博物 館 勤 物 研究部 ） ラ オ諸 島 と ヤ ッ 諸 島 か ら得 られ ザ シ ゴ カ イ 類 （多 毛 類）． 昭 和 55年 度 文部省 科学 研 究費補助 金 に よ る 海 外学 術調 査 （研究 代表 者 今 島 実 ， 課題 〜 ロ シ の パ ヤ ッ 番 号504101） が 昭 和 55年 6 月 8 日 7 月 20 日間 に ， ミ ク ネ ア 海域 ラオ 諸 島 と プ 諸 島に お い て 海 産動物 相 を明 らか に す る 目的 で 実施 さ れ た ， こ ン ザ シ ゴ カ イ に つ い て 研 究 こ の 調 査 に よ り多 くの 多毛類 が 採 集 さ れ た が ， こ で は カ 科 パ ゴ い され た ． そ れ は ラ オ 諸 島 の カ ン ザ シ カ イ 科 は現 在 ま で 2 種 の み しか 知 られ て ず ， 甚 〜 ロ だ 不 充分 で あ る こ と と， 日 本 で は 合島 （1976 ） に よ りか な り よ く調査 され て い て ミ ク ネ シ ア 海 域 の 種 類 相 と 日本 の 種 類相 とを 比 較 検討 で きる な ど か ら で あ る． パ 9 27 シ ゴ に た こ の に ラ オ 諸 島 と ヤ ッ プ諸 島 か ら 属 ， 種 の カ ン ザ カ イ類 を 明 らか し ． 中 ロ は Serpula p （ztαuense と H2JCIroides bifielusの 2 新種 と SPtrobTanchus tricornigerus 一 NII-ElectronicN 工 工 Eleotronio Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicZoologyof Systematic Zoology 54 M. Imajirna decoratus a 1 raijpthsagal6. op5ab)iC$itk27ptdeHdy, 7l V tf7, t-xF7V7, d7F#, -eOdeutteblts tft aspt05ifieH ij L.'cJSL6e, 20pt (74%) absinH7Nec, 18pt (66%) Dsrt-x F v V7ec, iE;U"(15nt (55%) hsl7F#ecs)-lfiL'z e)6, 7l V V7top#mept (7ts, 25%) hSg)atidiat7` V tf7bebl-(f¢ copnc ¢ -veabsJFEfizak3btagZ6n4. Literature Cited ABILDGAARD, P. C. 1789. Besehreibung 1. einer groszen Seeblase (HolothzLria Priapus LiNN.), 2. zwden Arten des Steinbohrers (Terebellec LrNN.), 3. einer grossen San- dr6hre (Sabellec LINN.). Schr. Ges. natttrf. F'rezmde Berl., 9: 133-146, pl. 3-4･ AUGENER, H. 1914. Polychaeta IL Sedentaria. In: MIcHAELsEN & HARTMEyER4 Die Faztna Siidwest-Austratiens, 5: 1-170, 1 pl. DAY, J- H. 1955. The Polychaeta of South Africa. Part 3: Sedentary species from Cape shores and estuaries. J. Linn. Soc. London, NII-Electronic Library Service JapaneseJapaneseSociety Society ofSystematicof Systematic Zoology Serpulinae from the Palaus and Yaps 55 wara Islands). Mem. Natn. Sci. A4us., Tokyo, {10) : 89-111. IMAJIMA, M. 1978, Serpulidae (Annelida, Polyehaeta) collected around Nii-jima and O-shirna, Izu Islands. ibid., (11): 49-7Z 1979. Serpulidae (Annelida, Polychaeta) collected around Cape Shionornisaki, Kii Peninsula. Ibicl., (12) : 159-183. KINBERG, J. G. H. 1867. Annulata nova. tifvers. K. Vet.-Akad. F6rh,, 23: 337-357. KOHN, A. J., & M. C. LLoyD 1973. Polychaetes of truncated reef limestone substrates on eastern Indian Ocean coral reefs: diversity, abundance, and taxonomy, Int. Revue ges. Hydrob･iot,, 58: 369-399. LANGERHANS, P. 1880. Die Wurmfauna von Madeira. III, Z. wiss. Zool., 34(2): 87- 143, pls. 4-6. MARENzELLER, E. von 1884. Stidjapanisehe Anneliden. II. Denkschr. Akacl. VViss. Wien., (Math. Nat, Kl.), 49: 197-224, pls. 1-4. OKuDA, S. 1937. Polychaetous annelids from the Palau Islands and adjacent waters of the South Sea Islands. Btelt. biogeogr. Soc. Japan, 7: 257-316. PnLAI, T. G. 1960. Sorne marine and brackish-water serpulid polyehaeta from Ceylon, including new genera and species. Ceylon J. Sci. (Biol, Sci.), 3: 1-40, 2 pls. 1961. Annelida polychaeta of Tambalagam Lake, Ceylon. Ibid., 4: 1-40. 1971. Stuclies on a collection of marine and braekish-water polychaete annelids of the farnily Serpulidae frem Ceylon. Ibicl., 9: 88-130. PIxELL, H. L. M. 1913. Pelychaeta of the Indian Oeean, together with some speeies irom the Cape Verde Islands, The Serpulidae, with a classification of the genera Hydroides ancl Eupomatus. Trans. Linn. Soe. Lendon, (Zooe.), 16: 69-92, pL 8-9. RIoJA, E. 1941. Estudios anelidologieos II. Observaciones acerca de varias espeeies del generQ Hyclroides GuNNERus (sensu FAuvEL) de las costas Mexieanas del Pacific. An. Inst. Biol. Univ. Me'x., 12: 161-175. STRAuGHAN, D. 1967a. Marine Serpulidae (Annelida: Polychaeta) of EasteTn Queens- land and New South Wales. Austr. J. Zool., 15: 201-261. 1967b. Some Serpulidae (Annelicla: Polychaeta) frem Heron Island, Queens- land. Univ. Queensl. Pap., 1: 27-45. WInEy, A. 1905. Report on the polychaeta collected by Professor HERDMAN, at Ceylon, in 1902. In: HERDMAN, W. A. Repert to the government of Ceylon on the pearl oyster fisheries of the Gulf of Manaar. Lendon, Roy. Soc. 4, Suppl. Rep., 30: 243-342, pl. 1-8. ZIBRowlus, H, 1968. Etude morphologique, systematique et 6cologique, des Serpulidae (Annelida Polychaeta) de la r6gion de Marseille. Ree. Trav. St. Mar, End., Bzcll., 43: 81-252, 14 pls. 1971. Les espbces M6diterran6ennes du genre Hydroicles (Polychaeta Serpuli- dae>. Remarques sur le pretendu polymorphisme de Hyclroicles uncinata. Tethys, 2: 691-746. . 1973a. Serpulidae (Annelida Polychaeta) des c6tes ouest de I'Afrique et des arehipels voisins. Annls. Mtts. r. Afr. cent. ser. 450, 207: 1-93. 1973b, RemaTques sur tyois espeees de Serpulidae acclimatees en M6diter ranEe: Hydroides dianthtts (VERRILL, 1873), Hydroides clirampaha M6RcH, 1863, et Hy- dreides elegans (HAswELL, 1883). Repp. Comm. int. Mer Medit. 21: 683-686, NII-Electronic Library Service