DOCSLIB.ORG

Patterns of Woody Plant Species Abundance and Diversity in the Seedling Layer of a Tropical Forest

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Patterns of Woody Plant Species Abundance and Diversity in the Seedling Layer of a Tropical Forest Journal of Vegetation Science 18: 163-174, 2007 © IAVS; Opulus Press Uppsala. - Patterns of woody plant species abundance and diversity - 163 Patterns of woody plant species abundance and diversity in the seedling layer of a tropical forest Comita, Liza S.1*; Aguilar, Salomón2; Pérez, Rolando2; Lao, Suzanne2 & Hubbell, Stephen P.1,2 1Department of Plant Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA; 2Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Unit 0948, APO AA 34002-0948, USA; E-mails: [email protected] (SA); [email protected] (RP); [email protected] (SL); [email protected] (SPH); *Corresponding author; E-mail [email protected] Abstract Introduction Questions: 1. How does the composition and diversity of established seedlings compare to that of larger size classes in Recent studies have highlighted the importance of seed tropical forests? 2. How do species abundances in the seedling dispersal and seedling establishment in the regeneration layer vary with adult abundance and life history strategies? of tree species and the maintenance of diversity in both Location: Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Methods: We inventoried woody seedlings ≥ 20 cm tall and < temperate and tropical forests (e.g. Dalling et al. 1998a; 1 cm DBH in ca. 20 000 1-m2 quadrats within the BCI 50-ha Lambers et al. 2002; Nathan & Muller-Landau 2000; Forest Dynamics Plot, where all trees and shrubs ≥ 1 cm DBH Wang & Smith 2002). However, once established, tree have been identified. We compared diversity and composition seedlings can spend decades in the forest understorey of seedlings to that of larger size classes and tested whether waiting for openings in the canopy to provide adequate adult abundance, growth form, and shade tolerance contributed light for growth into the canopy layer (Antos et al. 2005; to variation in seedling abundance among species. Delissio et al. 2002). Therefore, a substantial portion of a Results: We encountered 60056 seedlings of 332 tree, shrub, treeʼs life can be spent as an established seedling or small and liana species. Diversity of tree seedlings was lower than sapling in the shaded understorey (Hubbell 1998). This life that of trees ≥ 1 cm DBH. Species abundances in the seedling layer increased non-linearly with reproductive adult abundance, stage may be particularly crucial to the success of shade- such that per capita seedling abundance declined with adult tolerant species and species lacking viable seed banks, abundance. Per capita seedling abundance was highest for which comprise the majority of species in most tropical canopy tree species and lowest for understorey trees. For canopy tree communities (Vazquezyanes & Orozcosegovia 1993; trees, shade-tolerant species had significantly higher per capita Whitmore 1989). seedling abundance than more light-demanding species. When an opening does occur in the forest canopy, Conclusions: The woody seedling layer on BCI is composed these gaps are often filled in by preexisting seedlings of a subset of the species present in larger size classes. Most and saplings that established in the shade prior to gap species were present in less than 1% of seedling plots, sug- formation (Brokaw & Scheiner 1989; Connell 1989; Uhl gesting strong recruitment limitation. Tree species abundance in the seedling layer is largely a function of reproductive adult et al. 1988). The seedling bank therefore serves as the abundance, but is also influenced by life history strategies and template upon which gap phase dynamics act to produce compensatory processes. patterns of adult tree species diversity and relative abun- dances (Brokaw & Busing 2000; Brokaw & Scheiner 1989). Thus, identifying community-wide patterns of Keywords: Advanced regeneration; Barro Colorado Island; established seedling abundance and diversity in the for- Forest dynamics plot; Life history strategy; Recruitment limita- est understorey is critical to our overall understanding tion; Seedling bank; Shade tolerance. of tropical forest dynamics. A speciesʼ abundance in the seedling bank will be a function of three demographic rates: recruitment into Abbreviations: BCI = Barro Colorado Island; DBH = Diam- eter at 1.3 m. the seedling bank, survival of established seedlings, and growth out of the seedling layer into larger size classes. The upper limit of recruitment into the seedling layer is Nomenclature: Correa et al. (2004). governed by seed production of reproductive adults in the community. Species abundance in the seedling layer is therefore likely to increase with reproductive adult abundance. If the number of seedlings produced per adult 164 Comita, L.S. et al. is constant, then we would expect a linear relationship largest census of woody seedlings at a single study site between seedling and adult species abundances. How- to date. In addition, these data can be directly linked to ever, studies from both temperate and tropical forests an existing 25-year dataset on the dynamics of trees and have shown that seedling establishment and survival shrubs ≥ 1 cm DBH in the BCI 50-ha plot, providing an are negatively influenced by conspecific density (Harms unprecedented opportunity to explore community-wide et al. 2000; Lambers et al. 2002; Wright et al. 2005a). patterns of species abundance and diversity across life Negative density dependence can generate a rare species stages. advantage, or community compensatory trend (Con- Here we present results from the initial BCI 50-ha nell et al. 1984), whereby species that are abundant in plot seedling census and examine established seedling the community have lower rates of seed and seedling density, diversity and abundance for 396 tropical tree, survival compared to rarer species. Thus, while the shrub, and liana species. We model the relationship be- absolute number of established seedlings is expected to tween established seedling and adult tree abundances in increase with increasing reproductive adult abundance, the BCI tree community. We then test whether variation the number of seedlings per adult may decline as a result in per capita seedling abundance among species can be of compensatory processes during establishment. explained by differences in life history strategies, namely Variation in the number of seedlings per reproduc- shade tolerance and growth form. tive adult (hereafter referred to as per capita seedling abundance) may also result from differences in life his- tory strategies among species. For example, per capita Methods seedling abundance may vary with growth form. Trees in the canopy will have more resources to devote to Study site reproduction than understorey trees, which typically reproduce in the shade and have smaller canopies and The study was conducted in the 50-ha Forest Dynam- root systems with which to capture resources. Thus, we ics Plot (500 m × 1000 m) on Barro Colorado Island would expect canopy tree species to have more seedlings (BCI), Panama (9°9' N, 79°51' W) (Hubbell & Foster per reproductive adult than smaller-stature species. 1983; Hubbell et al. 1999). BCI is classified as tropical Variation in per capita seedling abundance may also re- moist forest and receives a mean of 2600 mm of rain per sult from differences in speciesʼ shade tolerance. Tropical year, most of which falls during the 8-month wet season tree species are known to vary greatly in the amount of from May to December (Windsor 1990). More detailed light required for regeneration (Whitmore 1998). descriptions of the climate, geology, and flora of BCI can Shade-tolerant, climax species are capable of estab- be found in Croat (1978), Leigh et al. (1982), and Leigh lishing and persisting in the shaded understorey. At the (1999). The BCI 50-ha plot was established in 1980, other end of the spectrum, light-demanding pioneer spe- and all trees and shrubs ≥ 1 cm DBH in the plot were cies require canopy gaps for establishment and survival, mapped, identified to species, and measured between and grow quickly in high light conditions (Hubbell & 1982 and 1983 (Condit 1998; Hubbell & Foster 1983). Foster 1992). Pioneer species are therefore expected The BCI plot has been recensused at 5-year intervals to have fewer individuals per reproductive adult in the since 1985. seedling bank compared to more shade-tolerant species, since pioneers cannot persist in the shade, and they grow Field methodology quickly into larger size classes when in gaps. Testing community-level hypotheses concerning the In 2001, we established a permanently marked 1 seedling layer in tropical forests is challenging because m × 1 m seedling plot in the center of each 5 m × 5 m most tropical tree species are rare and clumped in dis- subquadrat of the 50-ha plot for a total of 20 000 plots persion (Condit et al. 2000). Numerous samples spread (total area sampled = 2 ha). Between January and Octo- over a large area are therefore needed to assess fully ber 2001, all woody plants greater than 20 cm in height community-wide patterns of seedling abundance and and less than 1 cm DBH (hereafter referred to simply as diversity. With this objective in mind, we began a long- seedlings) were tagged, mapped and identified to species term, community-wide survey of established seedlings within each 1-m2 plot. Seedlings were not censused in and small saplings in the 50-ha Forest Dynamics Plot on 366 seedling plots to avoid pre-existing research plots Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama (Hubbell & Foster within those areas. Lianas were not measured in the 1983). We established ca. 20 000 1-m2 seedling plots at census of stems ≥ 1 cm DBH, however liana seedlings 5-m intervals across the BCI plot and censused all woody were included in the seedling census if they were not seedlings and small saplings ≥ 20 cm in height and < 1 yet entwined in or climbing on another plant. Palm cm DBH within each plot. To our knowledge, this is the seedlings (family Arecaceae) were excluded from the - Patterns of woody plant species abundance and diversity - 165 seedling census because they lack measurable woody ent seedling production per reproductive adult, and b stems.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effects of Forest Fragmentation on Bottom-Up Control in Leaf-Cuttings Ants
    Effects of forest fragmentation on bottom-up control in leaf-cuttings ants Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades Fachbereich Biologie Technische Universität Kaiserslautern vorgelegt von M.Sc. Pille Urbas Kaiserslautern, Dezember 2004 1. Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Burkhard Büdel 2. Gutachter: PD Dr. Jürgen Kusch Vorsitzender der Prüfungskommission: Prof. Dr. Matthias Hahn ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to thank my family for always being there; Joachim Gerhold who gave me great support and Jutta, Klaus and Markus Gerhold who decided to provide me with a second family; my supervisors Rainer Wirth, Burkhard Büdel and the department of Botany, University of Kaiserslautern for integrating me into the department and providing for such an interesting subject and the infrastructure to successfully work on it; the co-operators at the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Brazil - Inara Leal and Marcelo Tabarelli - for their assistance and interchange during my time overseas; the following students for the co-operatation in collecting and analysing data for some aspects of this study: Manoel Araújo (LAI and LCA leaf harvest), Ùrsula Costa (localization and size measurements of LCA colonies), Poliana Falcão (LCA diet breadth) and Nicole Meyer (tree density and DBH). Conservation International do Brasil, Centro de Estudos Ambientais do Nordeste and Usina Serra Grande for providing infrastructure during the field work; Marcia Nascimento, Lourinalda Silva and Lothar Bieber (UFPE) for sharing their laboratory, equipment and knowledge for chemical analyses; Jose Roberto Trigo (University of Campinas) for providing some special chemicals; my friends in Brazil Reisla Oliveira, Olivier Darrault, Cindy Garneau, Leonhard Krause, Edvaldo Florentino, Marcondes Oliveira and Alexandre Grillo for supporting me in a foreign land.
    [Show full text]
  • Tropical Plant-Animal Interactions: Linking Defaunation with Seed Predation, and Resource- Dependent Co-Occurrence
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2021 TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE- DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE Peter Jeffrey Williams Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Williams, Peter Jeffrey, "TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE-DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE" (2021). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 11777. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/11777 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. TROPICAL PLANT-ANIMAL INTERACTIONS: LINKING DEFAUNATION WITH SEED PREDATION, AND RESOURCE-DEPENDENT CO-OCCURRENCE By PETER JEFFREY WILLIAMS B.S., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 2014 Dissertation presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Biology – Ecology and Evolution The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2021 Approved by: Scott Whittenburg, Graduate School Dean Jedediah F. Brodie, Chair Division of Biological Sciences Wildlife Biology Program John L. Maron Division of Biological Sciences Joshua J. Millspaugh Wildlife Biology Program Kim R. McConkey School of Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Nottingham Malaysia Williams, Peter, Ph.D., Spring 2021 Biology Tropical plant-animal interactions: linking defaunation with seed predation, and resource- dependent co-occurrence Chairperson: Jedediah F.
    [Show full text]
  • Responses of a Translocated Howler Monkey Alouatta Palliata Group to New Environmental Conditions
    Vol. 12: 25–30, 2010 ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH Published online June 4 doi: 10.3354/esr00287 Endang Species Res Contribution to the Theme Section ‘Responses of animals to habitat alteration’ OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS Responses of a translocated howler monkey Alouatta palliata group to new environmental conditions Aralisa Shedden-González*, Ernesto Rodríguez-Luna Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales, Universidad Veracruzana, Exhacienda Lucas Martín, Calle Araucarias s/n, Col. Periodistas C.P. 91019 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico ABSTRACT: Considering the drastic changes in primate habitats, we must search for management strategies to maintain primate populations in the wild. In the present study, a group of howler mon- keys Alouatta palliata was followed after being translocated to a 90 ha tropical forest used for under- story palm Chamaedorea elegans cultivation. The group’s behavior was recorded in the new environ- ment. There was no evidence of behavioral alterations due to the different habitat conditions, the translocation process or the palm cultivation activities at the release site. These results indicate that reintroduction, even to fragments used for cultivation purposes, is a viable conservation approach for howler monkey conservation in the Los Tuxtlas region of Mexico. KEY WORDS: Adaptive responses · Alouatta palliata · Conservation · Mexico · Reintroduction Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher INTRODUCTION translocation or reintroduction has been successful (IUCN SSC 2002). Certain site characteristics can facil- The conversion of ecosystems for farming, planta- itate the objectives of a translocation or reintroduction tions and urban or suburban developments is reducing (ensuring long-term persistence of the released ani- a diverse range of habitats (Soulé & Orians 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Use of Native Tree Species by an Hispanic Community in Panama Author(S): Salomón Aguilar and Richard Condit Source: Economic Botany, Vol
    Use of Native Tree Species by an Hispanic Community in Panama Author(s): Salomón Aguilar and Richard Condit Source: Economic Botany, Vol. 55, No. 2 (Apr. - Jun., 2001), pp. 223-235 Published by: Springer on behalf of New York Botanical Garden Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4256423 . Accessed: 29/07/2011 18:56 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=nybg. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. New York Botanical Garden Press and Springer are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Economic Botany. http://www.jstor.org USE OF NATIVE TREE SPECIES BY AN HISPANIC COMMUNITY IN PANAMA1 SALOMON AGUILAR AND RICHARD CONDIT Aguilar, Salomon and Richard Condit (Centerfor Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian TropicalResearch Institute,Unit 0948, APO AA 34002-0948 USA;fax 507-212-8148 (Pana- ma); email [email protected]).
    [Show full text]
  • Differences in Home Range, Activity Patterns and Diet of Red Howler Monkeys in a Continuous Forest and a Forest Fragment in Colombia Pablo R
    Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat. 39(153):503-513000-000, octubre-diciembre de 2015 Ecological traits of red howler monkeys in Meta, Colombia doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.18257/raccefyn.262 Original article CienciasNatural naturalesSciences Differences in home range, activity patterns and diet of red howler monkeys in a continuous forest and a forest fragment in Colombia Pablo R. Stevenson1,*, Marta L. Beltrán1, Marcela J. Quiñones1,2, Jorge A. Ahumada1,3 1 Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas La Macarena. Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Los Andes. Bogotá, Colombia 2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands 3 Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring Network (TEAM), Center for Applied Biodiversity Science, Conservation International. Arlington, VA, USA Abstract Howler monkeys, genus Alouatta, are recognized as one of the most resistant primates to forest fragmentation. In this study a comparison of the home range, activity and diet of red howler monkeys (A. seniculus) was made between a continuous forest and a fragment in Meta, Colombia (Tinigua Park and Santa Rosa farm, respectively). Data was gathered on focal animals for 4-5 days per month, over 13 months in the continuous forest, and for six months in a 21-ha fragment. Home range areas were larger in the continuous forest. Resting was the most frequent activity in both places (58-59%), but individuals in the continuous forest moved more than those in the fragment (15 vs. 9%). In contrast, feeding was less frequent in the continuous forest (23 vs. 31%). Consumption of leaves was higher in the fragment (67%) than in the continuous forest (56%), contrasting with the pattern found for ripe fruit consumption (fragment: 32%, continuous forest: 44%).
    [Show full text]
  • Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 1988
    - Annals v,is(i- of the Missouri Botanical Garden 1988 # Volume 75 Number 1 Volume 75, Number ' Spring 1988 The Annals, published quarterly, contains papers, primarily in systematic botany, con- tributed from the Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Papers originating outside the Garden will also be accepted. Authors should write the Editor for information concerning arrangements for publishing in the ANNALS. Instructions to Authors are printed on the inside back cover of the last issue of each volume. Editorial Committee George K. Rogers Marshall R. Crosby Editor, Missouri B Missouri Botanical Garden Editorial is. \I,,S ouri Botanu •al Garde,, John I). Dwyer Missouri Botanical Garden Saint Louis ( niversity Petei • Goldblatt A/I.S.S ouri Botanic al Garder Henl : van der W< ?rff V//.S.S ouri Botanic tor subscription information contact Department IV A\NM.S OK Tin: Missot m Boi >LM« M G\KDE> Eleven, P.O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166. Sub- (ISSN 0026-6493) is published quarterly by the scription price is $75 per volume U.S., $80 Canada Missouri Botanical Garden, 2345 Tower Grove Av- and Mexico, $90 all other countries. Airmail deliv- enue, St. Louis, MO 63110. Second class postage ery charge, $35 per volume. Four issues per vol- paid at St. Louis, MO and additional mailing offices. POSTMAS'IKK: Send ad«lrt— changes to Department i Botanical Garden 1988 REVISED SYNOPSIS Grady L. Webster2 and Michael J. Huft" OF PANAMANIAN EUPHORBIACEAE1 ABSTRACT species induded in \ • >,H The new taxa ai I. i i " I ! I _- i II • hster, Tragia correi //,-," |1 U !.
    [Show full text]
  • Food Quality, Competition, and Parasitism Influence Feeding Preference in a Neotropical Lepidopteran
    Ecology, 87(12), 2006, pp. 3058–3069 Ó 2006 by the Ecological Society of America FOOD QUALITY, COMPETITION, AND PARASITISM INFLUENCE FEEDING PREFERENCE IN A NEOTROPICAL LEPIDOPTERAN 1,2,3 2 2 1,2 THOMAS A. KURSAR, BRETT T. WOLFE, MARY JANE EPPS, AND PHYLLIS D. COLEY 1Department of Biology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112 USA 2Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa, Panama Abstract. We surveyed Lepidoptera found on 11 species of Inga (Fabaceae:Mimosoideae) co-existing on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, to evaluate factors influencing diet choice. Of the 47 species of caterpillars (747 individuals) recorded, each fed on a distinct set of Inga.In the field, 96% of the individuals were found on young leaves. Growth rates of caterpillars that were fed leaves in the laboratory were 60% higher on young leaves compared to mature leaves. When caterpillars were fed leaves of nonhost Inga, they grew more slowly. These data provide support for a link between preference and performance. However, among hosts on which larvae normally occurred, faster growth rates were not associated with greater host electivity (the proportion of larvae found on each host species in the field, corrected for host abundance). Growth rates on normal hosts were positively correlated with leaf expansion rates of the host, and fast expansion was associated with leaves with higher nutritional content. Detailed studies on a gelechiid leaf roller, the species with the largest diet breadth, allowed us to assess the importance of factors other than growth that could influence diet electivity. This species showed a 1.7-fold difference in growth rate among Inga hosts and faster growth on species with fast-expanding leaves.
    [Show full text]
  • Chec List What Survived from the PLANAFLORO Project
    Check List 10(1): 33–45, 2014 © 2014 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution What survived from the PLANAFLORO Project: PECIES S Angiosperms of Rondônia State, Brazil OF 1* 2 ISTS L Samuel1 UniCarleialversity of Konstanz, and Narcísio Department C.of Biology, Bigio M842, PLZ 78457, Konstanz, Germany. [email protected] 2 Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Campus José Ribeiro Filho, BR 364, Km 9.5, CEP 76801-059. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: The Rondônia Natural Resources Management Project (PLANAFLORO) was a strategic program developed in partnership between the Brazilian Government and The World Bank in 1992, with the purpose of stimulating the sustainable development and protection of the Amazon in the state of Rondônia. More than a decade after the PLANAFORO program concluded, the aim of the present work is to recover and share the information from the long-abandoned plant collections made during the project’s ecological-economic zoning phase. Most of the material analyzed was sterile, but the fertile voucher specimens recovered are listed here. The material examined represents 378 species in 234 genera and 76 families of angiosperms. Some 8 genera, 68 species, 3 subspecies and 1 variety are new records for Rondônia State. It is our intention that this information will stimulate future studies and contribute to a better understanding and more effective conservation of the plant diversity in the southwestern Amazon of Brazil. Introduction The PLANAFLORO Project funded botanical expeditions In early 1990, Brazilian Amazon was facing remarkably in different areas of the state to inventory arboreal plants high rates of forest conversion (Laurance et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Sinopse Botânica Da Subfamília Mimosoideae (Fabaceae) Para a Flora De Mato Grosso, Brasil
    46 SINOPSE BOTÂNICA DA SUBFAMÍLIA MIMOSOIDEAE (FABACEAE) PARA A FLORA DE MATO GROSSO, BRASIL Germano Guarim Neto¹ Karina Gondolo Gonçalves² Margô De David3 RESUMO: (Sinopse botânica da subfamília Mimosoideae (Fabaceae) para a flora de Mato Grosso, Brasil) – A subfamília Mimosoideae (família Fabaceae) apresenta cerca de 82 gêneros com aproximadamente 3.271 espécies, distribuídas nas mais variadas regiões do globo terrestre. O presente estudo objetiva a sinopse botânica, envolvendo a morfologia e atualização taxonômica da subfamília, considerando os gêneros e as espécies que ocorrem na diversificada flora mato-grossense. Essas espécies foram coletadas em diferentes municípios nos três biomas mato-grossense: cerrado, pantanal e floresta. Assim, são apresentadas 97 espécies distribuídas em 21 gêneros da subfamília Mimosoideae, catalogadas para a flora de Mato Grosso de acordo com as coleções do Herbário Central da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (Herbário UFMT). Entre os gêneros, os mais representativos foram Inga e Mimosa. Palavras-chave: Fabaceae. Mato Grosso. Cerrado. ABSTRACT: (Subfamily of botany synopsis Mimosoideae (Fabaceae) for the flora of Mato Grosso, Brazil) - The subfamily Mimosoideae (Fabaceae) has about 82 genera with about 3.271 species, distributed in various regions of the globe. The aim of this study botany synopsis, involving the morphology and taxonomic subfamily update, considering the genera and species that occur in diverse Mato Grosso flora. These species were collected in different municipalities in the three Mato Grosso biomes: savanna, wetland and forest. Thus, we present 97 species in 21 genera of the subfamily Mimosoideae, cataloged for the Mato Grosso flora according to the collections of the Herbarium Center Federal University of Mato Grosso (Herbarium UFMT).
    [Show full text]
  • Role of Tree Size in Moist Tropical Forest Carbon Cycling and Water Deficit Responses Authors: Victoria Meakem, Alan J
    Research Role of tree size in moist tropical forest carbon cycling and water deficit responses Victoria Meakem1, Alan J. Tepley1, Erika B. Gonzalez-Akre1, Valentine Herrmann1, Helene C. Muller-Landau2, S. Joseph Wright2, Stephen P. Hubbell2,3, Richard Condit2 and Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira1,2 1Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA 22630, USA; 2Center for Tropical Forest Science, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Panama, Republic of Panama; 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA Summary Author for correspondence: Drought disproportionately affects larger trees in tropical forests, but implications for forest Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira composition and carbon (C) cycling in relation to dry season intensity remain poorly under- Tel: +1 540 635 6546 stood. Email: [email protected] In order to characterize how C cycling is shaped by tree size and drought adaptations and Received: 3 March 2017 how these patterns relate to spatial and temporal variation in water deficit, we analyze data Accepted: 27 April 2017 from three forest dynamics plots spanning a moisture gradient in Panama that have experi- enced El Nino~ droughts. New Phytologist (2017) At all sites, aboveground C cycle contributions peaked below 50-cm stem diameter, with doi: 10.1111/nph.14633 stems ≥ 50 cm accounting for on average 59% of live aboveground biomass, 45% of woody productivity and 49% of woody mortality. The dominance of drought-avoidance strategies Key words: biomass, drought adaptation, El increased interactively with stem diameter and dry season intensity. Although size-related C Nino,~ tree mortality, tree size, tropical moist cycle contributions did not vary systematically across the moisture gradient under nondrought forest, woody productivity.
    [Show full text]
  • 35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods
    35. ORCHIDACEAE/SCAPHYGLOTTIS 301 PSYGMORCHIS Dods. & Dressl. each segment, usually only the uppermost persisting, linear, 5-25 cm long, 1.5-4.5 mm broad, obscurely emar- Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dods. & Dressl., Phytologia ginate at apex. Inflorescences single flowers or more com- 24:288. 1972 monly few-flowered fascicles or abbreviated, few-flowered Oncidium pusillum (L.) Reichb.f. racemes, borne at apex of stems; flowers white, 3.5-4.5 Dwarf epiphyte, to 8 cm tall; pseudobulbs lacking. Leaves mm long; sepals 3-4.5 mm long, 1-2 mm wide; petals as ± dense, spreading like a fan, equitant, ± linear, 2-6 cm long as sepals, 0.5-1 mm wide; lip 3.5-5 mm long, 2-3.5 long, to 1 cm wide. Inflorescences 1-6 from base of mm wide, entire or obscurely trilobate; column narrowly leaves, about equaling leaves, consisting of long scapes, winged. Fruits oblong-elliptic, ca 1 cm long (including the apices with several acute, strongly compressed, im- the long narrowly tapered base), ca 2 mm wide. Croat bricating sheaths; flowers produced in succession from 8079. axils of sheaths; flowers 2-2.5 cm long; sepals free, Common in the forest, usually high in trees. Flowers spreading, bright yellow, keeled and apiculate, the dorsal in the early dry season (December to March), especially sepal ca 5 mm long, nearly as wide, the lateral sepals in January and February. The fruits mature in the middle 4-5 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, hidden by lateral lobes to late dry season. of lip; petals to 8 mm long and 4 mm wide, bright yellow Confused with S.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Baseline in the Different Stages of the Project for the 10 Most Important Species
    Drafted by: November 2018 Baseline report of amphibians, reptiles, and Haptanthus hazlettii Jilamito Hydroelectric Project Baseline study of amphibians, reptiles and the arboreal species Haptanthus hazlettii in the site of the Jilamito Hydroelectric Project FINAL REPORT Research team: Ricardo Matamoros (Main Coordinator) José Mario Solís Ramos (Herpetologist – Field Coordinator) Carlos M. O'Reilly (Botanist) Josué Ramos Galdámez (Herpetologist) Juan José Rodríguez (Field Technician) Dilma Daniela Rivera (Field Technician) Rony E. Valle (Field Technician) Technical support team and local guides: Hegel Velásquez (INGELSA Technician) - Forest Engineer Omar Escalante (INGELSA Environmental Technician) Nelson Serrano (ICF Tela Technician) Mauro Zavala (PROLANSATE Technician) Alberto Ramírez (Field Guide) José Efraín Sorto (Field Guide) Juan Ramírez (Field Guide) Agustín Sorto Natarén (Field Guide) Manuel Sorto Natarén (Field Guide) José Hernán Flores (Field Guide) Photos on the cover: The arboreal species, Haptanthus hazlettii, found in bloom. In the pictures we observe: Plectrohyla chrysopleura (Climbing frog), Atlantihyla spinipollex (Ceiba stream frog), Duellmanohyla salvavida (Honduran brook frog), Pleistioson sumichrastri (blue tail lizard), Bothriechis guifarroi (green Tamagas, palm viper). 2 Baseline report of amphibians, reptiles, and Haptanthus hazlettii Jilamito Hydroelectric Project 1 Content 2. SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... 5 3. INTRODUCTION
    [Show full text]