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CEIM COURIER International Journal of High Energy Physics If You Are Interested in Further Information, Please Contact CEIM COURIER International journal of high energy physics If you are interested in further information, please contact: Hoechst AG attn. Dr. S. Gauss, Corporate Research Our proprietary Melt Cast Process power engineering with currents D-65926 Frankfurt, Germany (MCP) for producing BSCCO 2212 up to 10.000 A. A reduction of the Tel: (+49) 69-305-166 54 bulk material permits the manufac­ heat load to the 4K level by more Fax: (+49) 69-305-164 36 or ture of a wide variety of shapes. It than a factor of 10 was achieved. Hoechst Celanese Corporation also allows the integration of low This results in a significant reduction attn. L. Pielli, ATG, 86 Morris Avenue resistance silver contacts and easy of the refrigeration costs and allows Summit, NJ 07901, USA mechanical processing. new innovative cooling concepts. Tel: (+1) 908-522-72 39 HTS current leads based on Parts of up to 400 mm in length Fax: (+1) 908-522-78 52 MCP BSCCO rods and tubes from or diameter can also be used in Hoechst are the first application of applications in the field of magnetic ceramic superconductors in electrical shielding, current limiters or others. Hoechst metals and materials for research D\Y/g Extensive range of forms... foil, microfoil, powder, rod, sheet, tube, wire and many more Dedicated technical team to handle your requirements for specialised services and non-standard items Goodfellouu for your FREE catalogue phone +44 (0) 1223 568 068 fax +44 (0) 1223 420 638 e-mail [email protected] Cambridge Science Park, Cambridge, ENGLAND CB4 4DJ web catalogue http://www.goodfellow.com ISSN 0304-288X Advertising enquiries Europe Volume 37 No. 5 Micheline Falciola June 1997 Advertising Manager Covering current developments in high energy CERN physics and related fields worldwide CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Editor: Gordon Fraser Tel.: +41 (22) 767 4103 CERN.COURIER® CERN.CH Fax: +41 (22) 782 1906 Production and Advertisements: Micheline Falciola Rest of the world [email protected] Guy Griffiths Advisory Board: E.J.N. Wilson (Chairman), E. Lillestol, Advertising Manager, USA M. Neubert, D. Treille; with L. Foa, International Publishers Distributor J. Ferguson 820 Town Center Drive World Wide Web http://www.cern.ch/CERN/Courier/ LANGHORNE PA 19047 Tel.: (215) 750-2642 Physics monitor Fax: (215) 750-6343 More galactic antimatter Distributed to Member State governments, institutes and laboratories affilliated with CERN, and to their personnel. Electron-positron annihilation at the galactic centre General distribution A century and its half Electron centenary and other particles'half centenary Jacques Dallemagne CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland Half a century ago In certain countries, to request copies or to The pion pioneers make address changes contact: A hundred years ago China Flashback to 1897 Chen Huaiwei Radiation in Rajastan Institute of High Energy Physics Conference report P.O. Box 918, Beijing, People's Republic of China Viewpoint Germany 8 Bs for a bright future, by Peter Schlein Gabriela Heessel or Monika Stuckenberg DESY, Notkestr. 85, 22603 Hamburg 52 Around the Laboratories Italy BROOKHAVEN : Big changes Mrs. Pieri or Mrs. Montanari 11 Upheaval at major US Laboratory INFN, Casella Postale 56 00044 Frascati, Roma RUTHERFORD APPLETON: 12 Design of the ATLAS forward toroids United Kingdom CERN/CP-vioiation revisited Su Lockley 13 Major new study Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX *| 4 DUBNA: Honouring a pioneer of space science USA/Canada "J Q MOSCOW: Meson Factory Linac in action Janice Voss Creative Mailing Services AUSTRIA/SLOVAKIA P.O. Box 1147 16 National surveys St. Charles, Illinois 60174 Tel.: 630-377-1589/ Fax: 630-377-1569 CERN COURIER is published monthly 2 "1 Bookshelf except January and August in English and French editions. The views expressed in the 23 People and things Journal are not necessarily those of the CERN management. Printed by: Drukkerij Lannoo nv 8700 Tielt, Belgium Published by: European Laboratory for Particle Physics CERN, 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland tel.:+41 (22)767 61 11, telex: 419 000 CERN CH, telefax: +41 (22) 767 65 55 CERN COURIER only: tel. +41 (22)767 41 03, Cover photograph: A proton's view of the wire target of the HERA-B experiment telefax+41 (22) 782 19 06 at the DESY Laboratory, Hamburg. The proton beam travels along the centre of the beam pipe, which has an internal diameter of 38 mm. The interaction rate USA: Controlled Circulation is tuned by moving the target wires into the beam. HERA-B is one of the key Periodicals postage paid at St. Charles, experiments in the continued exploration of the physics of B particles, Illinois containing the fifth - 'beauty', or b - quark (see page 8). CERN Courier, June 1997 III Advanced Ceramics CORPORATION H.P. Gugerli 54, Rte de Clementy, CH-1260 NYON phone: (41) 22 361 50 08 fax: (41) 22 361 50 43 Thermal Management TC1050 A structurally decoupled macrocomposite consisting of TPG A highly oriented Thermal Pyrolytic Graphite (CVD product) TPG as core material and a choice of encapsulants (metal-, of unique properties: ceramic-, fiber-, composite-), providing unique properties and thermal engineering features: Properties 25°C 100°K TC a,bW/mK 1700 3400. Material CTE Density TC1050 TC1050 c axis 25 50 ppm/K g/cc TC W/mK BD g/cc AI alloy 24 2.7 1,140 2.52 CTE a,b - 1.0 ppm/K - 1.0 ppm/K c axis 25.0 ppm/K 25.0 ppm/K Cu 17 8.9 1,142 4.45 Diffusivity 9.8 cm2/s - Kovar 6 8.4 1,050 N.A. Spec.Heat 0.84 kJ/kgK - AlSiC 5-15 3.0 1,176 2.95 6.8 kN 7.4 kN C/C -2 to 4 1.7 982 2.02 TS a,b, c axis 0 0 CF/Polym. 0-5 1.9 1,275 2.13 Mass 2.26 g/cc 2.26 g/cc Density If application requires thin substrates of TPG material only, we can supply TPG plates with moisture resistant Parylene coating of typically 10 microns coating thickness. UNE HAUTE IDEE DE LENTREPRISE A 10 minutes de Vaeroport tr * & A Ten minutes' drive international de Geneve, ft ft to Geneva International Airport, au carrefour des reseaux LE at the crossroads of the F/CH/D/I autoroutiers F / CH/ D /I, motorways, close to two pres de deux gares TGV, TECHNOPARC TGV railway stations, right next a proximite du prestigieux CERN. to the prestigious CERN. propose sur 40 hectares : - PAYS DE GEX - des parcelles de terrains viabilisees proposes 100 acres (40 ha) of equipped site with: (achats ou location) pieces of land des bureaux et des bdtiments mixtes * ft # (purchasing or renting) une pepiniere d'entreprises offices spaces des services specifiques d} assistance activity buildings aux entreprises pour une implantation incubator regionale et pour des relations avec le CERN Business Corporation un Bureau de Rapprochement Center agreed des Entreprises agree par la CEE. by CEE. CONTACT: VERS PARIS S Y N DI ( AT INTE RCO M MI \ A1. D'ACTIVITE DU PAYS DE GEX 50, rue G. Eiffel • BP 104 F-01632 Saint-Genis-Pouilh ST-GENIS-POUILLY Tel. (033) 114 50 42 20 00 - Fax (033) 04 50 42 20 20 FRANCE * ^JENEVE E-mail: bregex ©leman.com internet; http://mv*Ueman/~l»regex VERS LYON Physics monitor decay (positron emission) in massive gamma rays were first observed from stars having violent surface activity. the direction of the centre of our More galactic However because these objects are Galaxy in the early 1970s, in the antimatter relatively common in the Galaxy, the vicinity of a "Great Annihilator". radioactive materials, and so the ew maps of gamma rays from resulting positrons, would be NNASA's Compton Gamma Ray distributed throughout the Galaxy, Observatory show evidence of a including the Earth, which is not the previously unknown and unexpected case. A century and its half cloud of antimatter, in the form of Another way positrons might be positrons, extending 3,000 light years created is when matter falls into a hile 1997 is being widely above the centre of our Galaxy. black hole. As matter is sucked into Wcelebrated as the hundredth The classic aroma of positrons is the gravitational pit, its temperature anniversary of the discovery of the the 511 keV gamma radiation increases until it becomes hot electron by J.J. Thomson at produced when positrons and enough to create pairs of positrons Cambridge (see page 6), the 50th electrons annihilate. Such radiation and electrons. This flow may be anniversary of the 1947 discoveries was first observed from the direction intermittent, changing abruptly as the of the pion by Cecil Powell at Bristol of the centre of our Galaxy in the black hole sucks in large fragments and 'V-particles' by George early 1970s, and the new maps were from nearby stars, while the number Rochester and Clifford Butler of expected to show a large cloud of of positrons created by radioactive Patrick Blackett's group in antimatter near the galactic centre decay would be steady over long Manchester draw less attention. and along the plane of the Galaxy, periods of time. J.J. Thomson went on to win the caused by the explosions of young A third possibility is that within the 1906 Nobel Physics Prize. His massive stars. The maps show that last million years this region was the Cambridge contemporaries included gamma ray activity, but also show a site of a massive galactic fireball Owen Richardson (1928 Physics mysterious second cloud of caused by the merger of two neutron Nobel), F.W. Aston (1922 Chemistry antimatter well off the galactic plane.
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