Saxifragales, rosids (fabids part I)
Angiosperm phylogeny
Soltis et al., 2011
Rosids'
Saxifragales'
Caryophyllales'
Ranunculaceae' Monocots' Magnoliids'
ANITA'grade' Angiosperm phylogeny
Eudicots (Tricolpates) Basal eudicots
Rosids Asterids
Crassulaceae
35 genera; 1,500 species
Habit: Herbaceous to woody (ours usually herbaceous)
Leaves: Often succulent Usually simple, variously arranged
Drought adaptation: Thick, waxy cuticle Sunken stomata CAM photosynthesis Crassulaceae
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/phoc.html#c4
Crassulaceae
Symmetry:
radial
Perianth parts: 4-5 sepals 4-5 petals Stamens:
4-10
Pistils: 4-5 carpels, partially fused Ovary position:
superior
Fruit type: Aggregate of follicles Saxifragaceae
30 genera, 550 species
Habit:
Herbaceous
Leaves:
Usually simple Usually alternate, often all basal Palmate veination
Saxifragaceae
Symmetry:
radial
Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens:
5 or 10
Pistils:
Ovary position:
Fruit type:
Saxifragaceae
Symmetry:
radial
Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens:
5 or 10
Pistils: 2-3 carpels, partially fused Ovary position:
Superior to inferior
Fruit type: Capsule or follicle
Rosids
Rosids Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Note: Alternate family names with an -ae ending are accepted for a few families. 630 genera; 18,000 species
Habit: Herbaceous to woody (ours usually herbaceous)
Leaves: Usually compound, alternate, often with stipules Roots: Root nodules
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
http://teagueesorientation.wikispaces.com/ Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Textbook DVD JRA Glycine max Phaseolus spp. Lens culinaris
Cicer arietinum Arachis hypogaea
Fabaceae (Leguminosae) ( Papilionoideae ) Mimosoideae Caesalpinioideae Faboideae Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Faboideae (Papilionoideae) Symmetry:
bilateral
Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals: banner, wings, keel Stamens:
Diadelphous (9 + 1) Flag flower Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position:
Superior
Fruit type: Legume
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Mimosoideae Symmetry:
radial
Perianth parts: 5 sepals, 5 petals inconspicuous Stamens:
Many: brush flower
Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position:
Superior
Fruit type: Legume
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Caesalpinioideae Symmetry:
bilateral
Perianth parts: 5 sepals, 5 petals All free Stamens:
10, free
Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position:
Superior
Fruit type: Legume
Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Doyle et al., 1997
Caesalpinioideae is paraphyletic Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Legume: A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel and usually opening along two lines of dehiscence (type of follicle).
Rosaceae
85 genera; 3,000 species Prunus persica Malus domestica
Rubus spp. Fragaria x ananassa
Rosa spp. Rosaceae
85 genera; 3,000 species
Habit: Herbaceous to woody
Leaves: Often compound, alternate, margins serrate, usually with stipules
Rosaceae
Symmetry:
radial
Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens:
many
Pistils: 1 – many
Ovary position:
various
Fruit type: various
Rosaceae
Rosoideae
Rosaceae
Rosoideae Rosaceae
Spiraeoideae
Rosaceae
Maloideae (Pomoideae) Rosaceae
Amygdaloideae (Prunoideae)
Rosaceae
Subfamilies Carpels Fruit type
Spiraeoideae 2-5, free or fused follicle or capsule
Rosoideae many, free aggregate
Amygdaloideae 1 drupe (Prunoideae)
Maloideae 2-5, fused pome (Pomoideae) Rosaceae
(Morgan et al. 1994)