Saxifragales, rosids (fabids part I) Angiosperm phylogeny Soltis et al., 2011 Rosids' Saxifragales' Caryophyllales' Ranunculaceae' Monocots' Magnoliids' ANITA'grade' Angiosperm phylogeny Eudicots (Tricolpates) Basal eudicots Rosids Asterids Crassulaceae 35 genera; 1,500 species Habit: Herbaceous to woody (ours usually herbaceous) Leaves: Often succulent Usually simple, variously arranged Drought adaptation: Thick, waxy cuticle Sunken stomata CAM photosynthesis Crassulaceae http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/biology/phoc.html#c4 Crassulaceae Symmetry: radial Perianth parts: 4-5 sepals 4-5 petals Stamens: 4-10 Pistils: 4-5 carpels, partially fused Ovary position: superior Fruit type: Aggregate of follicles Saxifragaceae 30 genera, 550 species Habit: Herbaceous Leaves: Usually simple Usually alternate, often all basal Palmate veination Saxifragaceae Symmetry: radial Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens: 5 or 10 Pistils: Ovary position: Fruit type: Saxifragaceae Symmetry: radial Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens: 5 or 10 Pistils: 2-3 carpels, partially fused Ovary position: Superior to inferior Fruit type: Capsule or follicle Rosids Rosids Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Note: Alternate family names with an -ae ending are accepted for a few families. 630 genera; 18,000 species Habit: Herbaceous to woody (ours usually herbaceous) Leaves: Usually compound, alternate, often with stipules Roots: Root nodules Fabaceae (Leguminosae) http://teagueesorientation.wikispaces.com/ Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Textbook DVD JRA Glycine max Phaseolus spp. Lens culinaris Cicer arietinum Arachis hypogaea Fabaceae (Leguminosae) ) Papilionoideae ( Mimosoideae Caesalpinioideae Faboideae Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Faboideae (Papilionoideae) Symmetry: bilateral Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals: banner, wings, keel Stamens: Diadelphous (9 + 1) Flag flower Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position: Superior Fruit type: Legume Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Mimosoideae Symmetry: radial Perianth parts: 5 sepals, 5 petals inconspicuous Stamens: Many: brush flower Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position: Superior Fruit type: Legume Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Caesalpinioideae Symmetry: bilateral Perianth parts: 5 sepals, 5 petals All free Stamens: 10, free Pistils: 1 simple pistil (1 carpel) Ovary position: Superior Fruit type: Legume Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Doyle et al., 1997 Caesalpinioideae is paraphyletic Fabaceae (Leguminosae) Legume: A dry, dehiscent fruit derived from a single carpel and usually opening along two lines of dehiscence (type of follicle). Rosaceae 85 genera; 3,000 species Prunus persica Malus domestica Rubus spp. Fragaria x ananassa Rosa spp. Rosaceae 85 genera; 3,000 species Habit: Herbaceous to woody Leaves: Often compound, alternate, margins serrate, usually with stipules Rosaceae Symmetry: radial Perianth parts: 5 sepals 5 petals Stamens: many Pistils: 1 – many Ovary position: various Fruit type: various Rosaceae Rosoideae Rosaceae Rosoideae Rosaceae Spiraeoideae Rosaceae Maloideae (Pomoideae) Rosaceae Amygdaloideae (Prunoideae) Rosaceae Subfamilies Carpels Fruit type Spiraeoideae 2-5, free or fused follicle or capsule Rosoideae many, free aggregate Amygdaloideae 1 drupe (Prunoideae) Maloideae 2-5, fused pome (Pomoideae) Rosaceae (Morgan et al. 1994) .