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Adat Dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya

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Adat Dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya ADAT DAN HUKUM ADAT NAGAN RAYA ”Pantang pedeung melenteung saroeng, pantang rencoeng melinteung mata, pantang ureang diteoh kaum, pantang hukum taba bak meja” ”Labet lahu mesyeuhu alamiah Usui sidek tasek tapareksa” MAJELIS ADAT ACEH KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA 2016 ADAT DAN HUKUM ADAT NAGAN RAYA Penulis: Prof. Dr. Jamaluddin, S.H., M.Hum. Dr. Faisal, S.Ag., S.H., M.Hum. Jumadiah, S.H., M.H. Laila Rasyid, S.H., M.Hum. Herinawati, S.H., M.Hum. Nanda Amalia, S.H., M.Hum. Judul: ADAT DAN HUKUM ADAT NAGAN RAYA xvi+ 202 hal., 15,5 cm x 23 cm Cetakan Pertama: Desember, 2016 Hak Cipta © dilindungi Undang-undang. All Rights Reserved Penulis: Prof. Dr. Jamaluddin, S.H., M.Hum. Dr. Faisal, S.Ag., S.H., M.Hum. Jumadiah, S.H., M.H. Laila Rasyid, S.H., M.Hum. Herinawati, S.H., M.Hum. Nanda Amalia, S.H., M.Hum. Editor: Dr. Sulaiman, S.H., M.Hum. Dr. Manfarisyah, S.H., M.H Perancang Sampul: Eriyanto Darwin Penata Letak: Eriyanto Darwin Pracetak dan Produksi: Unimal Press Penerbit: Unimal Press Jl. Sulawesi No.1-2 Kampus Bukit Indah Lhokseumawe 24351 PO.Box. 141. Telp. 0645-41373. Fax. 0645-44450 Laman: unimalpress.unimal.ac.id Email: [email protected] ISBN: 978–602–1373-77-4 Dilarang keras memfotocopy atau memperbanyak sebahagian atau seluruh buku ini tanpa seizin tertulis dari Penerbit KATA PENGANTAR Bismillahirrahmanirrahim Awal dari segalanya, puji dan syukur bagi Allah Swt, atas rahmat dan petunjuk-Nya sehingga penulisan buku Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya dapat terselesaikan. Shalawat beriring salam disampaikan kepada Nabiullah wa Rasulullah Muhammad Saw yang telah menunjukkan jalan kebenaran dan keadilan bagi rahmatan lil’alamin. Buku ini merupakan hasil penelitian yang didapatkan melalui wawancara dengan pelbagai sumber antara lain tokoh adat, Keuchik dan lain-lain. Disamping itu, buku ini merupakan hasil penelusuran bahan kepustakaan yang didapatkan dari pelbagai literature yang berkaitan dengan adat dan hukum adat di Aceh. Penyajian buku ini secara keseluruhan berisi tentang Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya, yang diawali dengan gambaran umum tentang Kabupaten Nagan Raya, adat istiadat, hukum adat, penyelesaian sengketa dan perkara, serta bentuk-bentuk sanksi adat yang terdapat dalam masyarakat Nagan Raya. Dengan demikian, tujuan penulisan buku ini berupaya merangkum kembali adat dan hukum adat yan terjadi dalam masyarakat Nagan Raya, sehingga adat dan istiadat tersebut akan terlestarikan tidak hilang ditelan masa. Materi yang disajikan dalam buku ini merupakan hasil gabungan dari bahan-bahan yang didapatkan dari pelbagai teori dan praktik. Selain itu, pembahasan-pembahasan dengan topik tertentu merupakan hasil amatan peneliti yang didapatkan secara langsung dari peristiwa-peristiwa yang dilakukan dalam masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Materi yang terkait dengan cagar budaya di dalam penulisan buku ini belum tergali secara tuntas. Hal ini mengingat sulitnya dokumentasi dan waktu yang terbatas bagi penulis. Penelitian lebih lanjut terkait cagar budaya di Nagan Raya diperlukan supaya mendapatkan gambaran yang jelas dan diketahui sejarah asal mula maupun hasil karya yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Nagan Raya sehingga akan dikenal dan dilestarikan sepanjang masa. Penulis sudah berusaha dengan sebaik-baiknya untuk memenuhi tujuan penulisan buku ini, namun penulis menyadari atas v kelemahan dan kekurangannya. Oleh karena itu, penulis sangat menghargai atas kritikan dan saran yang membangun dari siapapun juga sehingga dapat mencapai kesempurnaan penulisan buku ini. Nagan Raya, Desember 2016 TDT Tim Penulis vi vii SAMBUTAN BUPATI NAGAN RAYA Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Dengan mengucap Rasa Syukur Kepada Allah Swt, saya menyambut baik kehadiran buku “Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya” yang telah disusun oleh Tim Penyusun dari Akademisi Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikusaleh dengan Majelis Adat Aceh (MAA) Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Saya merasa bahagia dan terharu dengan inisiatif Prof. Dr. Jamaluddian, S.H., M.Hum. sebagai putra daerah Nagan Raya yang ingin menggali dan mendokumentasikan sebagian besar adat dan hukum adat yang belum tersusun rapi sehingga mampu tersusun menjadi sebuah buku yang diterbitkan pada masa kepemimpinan saya. Menyusun sebuah buku bukanlah pekerjaan yang mudah, sehingga membutuhkan curahan pemikiran yang terfokus dan konsentrasi yang matang, maka sudah pada tempatnya saya memberikan apresiasi, apalagi buku ini oleh tim penyusun mampu diselesaikan dalam waktu satu tahun anggaran. Kemudian, dalam pepatah menyatakan, “MATEE ANEUK BEMEUPAT JEURAT, MATEE ADAT HANA MEUPAT TAMITA”. Oleh karena itu, penyusunan buku adat dan hukum adat Nagan Raya ini sangat berguna dan bermanfaat. Diterbitkannya buku ini, saya pandang sebagai sebuah penghargaan serta menunjukkan bahwa Tim Penyusun dari akademisi dan Majelis Adat Aceh (MAA) Kabupaten Nagan Raya bersungguh-sungguh melaksanakan fungsinya sebagai wadah dalam membina, melestarikan, dan mempublikasikan adat dan hukum adat yang terdapat di dalam masyarakat Nagan Raya. viii Perlu saya sampaikan bahwa semua pencapaian dan keberhasilan yang tertuang dalam buku ini adalah berkat dukungan dari seluruh masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya yang kita cintai. Maka perkenankanlah saya menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih dan penghargaan yang tulus kepada segenap masyarakat yang telah membantu pemerintah, baik langsung maupun tidak langsung, dalam proses pelestarian adat dan hukum adat di Nagan Raya. Hanya dengan doa dan dukungan masyarakat cita-cita mulia untuk melestarikan adat dan hukum adat yang Islami dapat diwujudkan. Selanjutnya, Saya juga menyampaikan ucapan terima kasih dan penghargaan setinggi-tingginya kepada DPRK Nagan Raya, serta segenap unsur FORKOPIMDA Nagan Raya atas segala kerja sama dalam membangun Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Saya mengajak seluruh masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya untuk melestarikan adat dan hukum adat, serta melanjutkan perjuangan kita dalam membangun Kabupaten Nagan Raya dengan semangat kebersamaan dan membangun rasa saling percaya, serta optimisme yang semakin kuat di masa yang akan datang dalam bingkai adat yang penuh kedamaian dan ketenteraman. Mudah-mudahan buku yang diterbitkan ini dapat menjadi pengetahuan yang bermanfaat bagi pencinta ilmu dan seluruh masyarakat. Dengan komitmen melangkah bersama dan bekerja keras, Insya Allah, Nagan Raya ke depan penuh harapan. Semoga Allah Swt senantiasa memberikan taufik dan hidayah-Nya dalam memperjuangkan Nagan Raya yang maju, aman, dan sejahtera (Baldatun Thaibatun Warabbur Ghafur). Amin. Billahitaufiq Walhidayah Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb Suka Makmu, Desember 2016 BUPATI NAGAN RAYA TDT ( DRS. H. T. ZULKARNAINI ) ix x xi xii SAMBUTAN MAJELIS ADAT ACEH KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA “Adat meukoh reubong, hukom meukoh purih, Adat hanjeut bera ngkaho takong, Hukum hanjeut berangkaho takieh” Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Dengan mengucapkan puji syukur kepada Allah Swt, kami menyambut baik atas lahirnya buku “Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya” yang telah disusun sedemikian baik oleh tim dari akademisi Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh dengan Majelis Adat Aceh Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Kekayaan khazanah warisan budaya bangsa merupakan rahmat Allah Swt, yang tumbuh dan berkembang dalam ruang interaksi keanekaragaman adat dan hukum adat dalam bangsa itu sendiri. Bangsa yang besar adalah bangsa yang mampu mengaktualkan identitas nilai-nilai kompetitif adat, hukum adat dan budayanya sebagai sumber rujukan produk keunggulan bangsa. Inilah sekelumit interpretasi dari nilai-nilai filosofis, berdinamika sosiologis tergandung dalam hadih maja, “tapageu lampoh ngoen kawat, tapageu nanggroe ngoen adat” (pengamanan kebun dengan kawat, pengamanan negeri dengan adat). Hal ini karena adat ngoen hukom ibarat zat ngoen sifat. Mengacu kepada moto di atas tersebut, kami selaku ketua Majelis Adat Aceh (MAA) Kabupaten Nagan Raya menyambut baik dengan terbitnya buku “Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya” yang merupakan inisiatif Prof. Dr. Jamaluddin, S.H., M.Hum. putera terbaik Nagan Raya yang begitu peduli tentang pelbagai adat dan hukum adat yang tumbuh kembang di Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Dengan adanya buku ini, kami mengajak seluruh masyarakat Kabupaten Nagan Raya untuk dapat melestarikan adat dan hukum adat secara kaffah, dan untuk dibaca guna memperkaya wawasan dan mengambil nilai-nilai manfaat dalam menunjang dinamika membangun kehidupan. Pada kesempatan ini, kami juga mengucapkan terima kasih kepada Bapak Bupati Nagan Raya dan xiii segenap unsur FORKOPIMDA Kabupaten Nagan Raya atas kerja sama yang baik dalam melahirkan buku Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya ini. Demikian sambutan, semoga ada manfaatnya. Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Suka Makmue, Desember 2016 Majelis Adat Aceh (MAA) Kabupaten Nagan Raya TDT (H.T. Tjoet Adek, BA) xiv SAMBUTAN DEKAN FAKULTAS HUKUM UNIVERSITAS MALIKUSSALEH Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Pertama-tama, puji dan syukur kehadirat Ilahi Rabbi, Allah Yang Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang, karena Anugerah Nyalah buku Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya dapat dipublikasikan. Buku Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya ini merupakan bagian dari keikutsertaan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh dengan Majelis Adat Aceh Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Oleh karena itu, buku ini disusun oleh Tim Dosen Fakultas Hukum Universitas Malikussaleh dengan tim Majelis Adat Aceh Kabupaten Nagan Raya. Penyusunan buku ini merupakan bagian perwujudan tridharma perguruan tinggi, yaitu penelitian dan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Buku Adat dan Hukum Adat Nagan Raya merupakan hasil penelusuran nilai-nilai, asas-asas, dan norma-norma
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