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Report – 2019 Museum 2

Ladies and gentlemen,

The two years of the existence of the Former Museum was a time of Warsaw Ghetto Museum hard work. The institution, which was built from scratch, has already marked its presence on the map of Polish culture and memory. We organise outdoor exhibitions; artistic events, scientific conferences and community meetings. We commemorate anniversaries. The Museum has a rich educational offer for students, teachers and guides engaged in historical tourism. You are welcome to take a stroll along the trail of Warsaw Ghetto memorial sites. The Museum cooperates with institutions both in and abroad. We support veterans’ organisations. Our main activity is the development of the Museum, which involves working on a permanent exhibition and preserving the monument – the Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital – which will house the Warsaw Ghetto Museum in the future. The year 2019, the first full calendar year of our work, brought challenges to us. We are sharing what we have experienced and asking for your Albert Stankowski support for our actions. Director of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum Photo R. Szymański Albert Stankowski 4 Exhibitions Permanent exhibition

In July 2019, the Permanent Exhibition Team on Jewish life in Poland during the German was established, composed of historians occupation, going beyond the framework of from Poland, the USA and . Jewish history in the Warsaw Ghetto. To this Under the direction of the chief historian end, part of the exhibition will be devoted to of the permanent exhibition, Prof. Daniel the history of other . Blatman, and the Director of the Warsaw b) The history of the Warsaw Ghetto told Ghetto Museum, Albert Stankowski, against the background of the history the team prepared documents containing of occupied Warsaw. The exhibition will the first concept of the whole exhibition focus on the vulnerability of the city and individual galleries, as well to German regulations, which led to as presentations discussing particular the division of both its territory and issues. A time frame has been established; the society. It will show a close connection the narrative will focus on the events of between the ghetto life and the life the 20th century, taking into account of the whole city. the date of construction of the hospital c) The permanent exhibition will strive to (1878) and the charitable activities of convey a universal message, according to the Bersohn and Bauman families. which the tragedy of and The team adopted three key elements the extermination of the Jews in Warsaw is to be conveyed to visitors, especially the starting point for showing humanistic to the younger generation: values ​​such as tolerance, compassion for a) The ability to thoroughly experience and minorities, dialogue between religious, understand the diversity of Jewish life in ethnic and national groups. The destructive Warsaw and the important role of Jews consequences of anti-Semitism in the development and expansion and racism should not only of the city; be remembered forever, but also serve b) The complexity and diversity as a warning for future generations. of relations between the Poles and the Jews The preliminary draft scenario of the before World War II and during the German permanent exhibition has been submitted occupation, including violence and hostility to an independent team of Polish arising alongside help and compassion; and international historians for review. c) Building empathy and understanding Opinions about it have also been expressed of the unique fate of the Polish and Warsaw by the members of the Warsaw Ghetto Jews during the period of extermination Museum Council. planned and carried out by the Germans. The Permanent Exhibition Team together The team also adopted three key with the Investment Department of parameters which will constitute dominant the Warsaw Ghetto Museum is preparing trends in the historical narrative documents for the tender for the concept of the Museum: of the permanent exhibition, the call a) The presentation of a broad perspective forwhich is to be announced in 2020. 5 6 Wyprostowani, nieugięci... (Standing up of 1940s and 1950s, and to introduce straight, unbent...) Natan Rapoport and the figure of its creator Nathan Rapoport - the Monument to the Ghetto Heroes an internationally renowned sculptor, the author of monuments commemorating – square at the Monument to the Ghetto the Holocaust around the world (e.g. in the Heroes in Warsaw (18 April - 30 October USA, Europe, Israel) who in his youth was 2019) connected with Warsaw and its artistic The exhibition was devoted to the life community. and work of the author of the design The exhibition was based on photographic of the monument - Natan Rapoport materials presenting the artist (Warsaw, 1911 - New York, 1987) and and his works, designs of the Monument the monument itself. Its purpose was to the Ghetto Heroes, its unveiling to show the history of constructing ceremony, interviews and press reviews. of the monument in the socio-political Approximately 45,000 people saw and cultural context the exhibition.

Standing up straight, unbent... Photo MGW/ The Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital M. Nowak Photo WGM/M. Nowak

Temporary exhibitions

A witness to history. The Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital Standing - the fence of the Bersohn and Bauman an art historian and critic, included up straight, unbent... Hospital at 60 Sienna Street in Warsaw 20 boards. The concept was prepared Photo MGW/ (23 July 2018 - 31 January 2019) by Dr. Hanna Węgrzynek, deputy director M. Nowak for research and exhibition. The exhibition, The first exhibition prepared opened on 23 July 2018, has been by the Warsaw Ghetto Museum. included in the commemoration of The outdoor photographic exhibition the 76th anniversary of the mass on the fence of the former hospital deportation of Warsaw Jews to building, which will become the seat the Treblinka . of the Museum in the future, reminded The exhibition attracted a lot of interest of the history of this historic building. and was often shown by Warsaw guides The exhibition, curated by Dr. Ewa Toniak, during tours of the former ghetto. 7 8 Standing up straight, unbent... Photo MGW/ M. Nowak

Postcards from our neighbourhood, Photo MGW/ J. Turczy

Photo MGW/ M. Nowak

Standing up straight, unbent... Photo MGW/ M. Nowak

Postcards from our neighbourhood... The history of Sienna and Śliska Streets Photo MGW/ M. Nowak – the fence of the Bersohn and Bauman the Second Polish Republic, World War Hospital building at 60 Sienna street in II, when both streets were part of the Warsaw (from 15 May 2019) socalled small ghetto, and post- war times. The exhibition upholds the memory The aim of the exhibition is to show of the multiculturalism of Warsaw and the history of both streets, from the Jewish community that once lived the early nineteenth century to 1960s here, and at the same time disseminates using the photographs showing information about the Museum and its the no longer existing buildings and street target seat. It is based on photographic scenes as well as posters informing materials from many national and foreign about political, cultural and educational archives. It is estimated that by the events. Iconographies and documents end of 2019 the exhibition was seen by from the period of the Russian partition, approximately 30,000 people. 9 10 Warsaw in Three Portraits (8 September 2019-31 January 2020) Collection – Grzybowski Square The collection of the Museum includes Ghetto purchased together with the The exhibition has been organised in accompanying its turbulent history. interesting items acquired as gifts Nissenbaum Family Foundation, wagons connection with the commemoration These changes are shown on the example and through purchase. These include for removing debris from the former of the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of 12 streets that were located in the Judaica, documents from the occupation ghetto area, items related to hospital of World War II. It presented three ghetto or its vicinity during the war. It is period, photographs, postcards, objects equipment, such as medical equipment, portraits of Warsaw: pre-war, war and estimated that the exhibition was seen by of everyday use, as well as a cart for furniture from the era. reconstruction times, which show the approximately 80,000 people. transporting corpses in the Warsaw changing image of the city,

The cart for transporting Warsaw in corpses Three Portraits, in the Warsaw Grzybowski Ghetto, Square in purchased with Warsaw. the support Photo WGM/ of the M. Nowak Nissenbaum Family Foundation, Photo: WGM

The museum’s collection has also been of the Warsaw Ghetto and portraits enriched with works of art, such as of who lived Lower the quadriptych of the contemporary Silesia, Łódź and Warsaw after artist Krzysztof Augustin. Particularly the war. The collection was donated valuable is the donated collection of 76 by Rachela and Kristyna Postavsky from drawings by Henryk Hechtkopf. It consists Israel. The works will be submitted of two series of works created in the years to a microbiological expertise and then 1945-1955, depicting the ruins subjected to maintenance. 11 12 Kristyna In 2019, works were initiated on of Conservation and Restoration of Postavski, a reconstruction and thorough Works of Art at the Academy of Fine Arts Zichron Yaakov, Israel 2019 conservation of marble foundation in Warsaw as part of student coursework Photo: WGM plaques from the Bersohn and Bauman under the guidance of Prof. Wiesław Children’s Hospital. These works have Procyk and they will be completed been carried out at the Faculty in June 2020.

A marble foundation plaque from the Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital before conservation, Photo: WGM

The WGM employees during the unpacking of Henryk Hechtkopf’s works, Warsaw, 2019 Faculty of Photo: WGM Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art, Academy of Fine Arts, Warsaw Photo: WGM

Directors of the WGM presenting Henryk As part of the Collections Department, Monuments Documentation Department Hechtkopf’s a database of photographs of the Warsaw of the Jewish Historical Institute, work, Warsaw, 2019 Ghetto was created, which contains Archive of the Masovian Voivodship Photo: WGM scans of over 9,600 photographs. Some Monument Conservator, National Digital of them have already been submitted Archive and Bildarchiv Österreichische to a topographic description. In order Nationalbibliothek ONB, Bildarchiv Foto to create a database, queries were Marburg, Bundesarchiv Deutschland conducted in the collections of: the in Koblenz. Moreover, for the purposes Warsaw Rising Museum, State Archive in of the Permanent Exhibition, queries Warsaw, Archive of New Files, National were conducted in museums and Museum in Warsaw, Institute of Art cultural centres located in the Masovian of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Voivodship. 13 14 The Education Department has joined in a ghetto?” for students of primary Education the celebrations organised in cooperation schools in Łódź; on 18 April, we met with with the Jewish Social and Cultural the youth from H. Sienkiewicz Secondary Association to commemorate the Days School in Warsaw, and on 19 April, we Museum lessons of Remembrance of conducted classes for the members of and the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto the children’s choir of the city of Łódź. In 2019, the employees of the Education Przasnysz, and all over Warsaw. Uprising. On 28 January 2019, A total of approximately 120 participants Department conducted 98 hours of The classes took various forms: lessons, we conducted a workshop entitled took part in the workshops. museum lessons, attended by 1,470 workshops and walks. Classes on Jewish „What does it mean to be closed students from Warsaw and Mazovia. Free tradition and culture and the history of of charge classes were held in primary the Warsaw Ghetto attracted the greatest and secondary schools in Mińsk interest. Dr. Wiesława Mazowiecki, Maków Mazowiecki, Młynarczyk with the youth from Classes in H. Sienkiewicz Primary School Secondary No. 2 in Marki, School, November 18 April 2019 2019, conducted by Dr. Wiesław Młynarczyk

“Judaism without secrets” classes in Primary School No. 107 in Warsaw, October 2019, conducted by Dr. Halina Postek 15 16 The „Warsaw Ghetto - Treblinka The training devoted to the tragic fate Training courses - Majdanek” training, which took place of the Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto, on 25-27 October, was possible thanks most of whom were murdered in Treblinka In 2019, the education department and Grzegorz Berent, doctors Piotr to establishing cooperation with and Majdanek, was attended by 21 organised and conducted two training Trojański, August Grabski, Sebastian museums in Treblinka and Majdanek. teachers from all over Poland. courses for teachers, educators and Piątkowski, Martyna Grądzka-Ryak, Maria guides. The first one, entitled “Around Ciesielska and other experts on the topics the Warsaw Ghetto and other ghettos in of the Holocaust. A special experience occupied Poland”, took place on 29- was the meeting with a witness to the Classes for 31 March 2019. The speakers included history - Wacław Kornblum, who survived teachers organised by professors Sławomir Buryła the Warsaw ghetto. the WGM in the museum in Treblinka, 29 October 2019. Wacław Photo WGM/ Kornblum at M. Nowak the meeting with the participants of the training for teachers, 30 March 2019

Treblinka study tour, 29 October 2019. Photo WGM/ M. Nowak

Presentation by Dr. Sebastian Piątkowski Dr. Piotr Trojański talking about Holocaust about the Ghetto, 30 March 2019. education in Poland, 30 March 2019. Photo WGM Photo WGM 17 18 Education boards Varsavianist

In cooperation with the employees of Polish, Hebrew and English) in the the Department of Education of the courtyard of the former Bersohn and strolls Israeli Ministry of Education, a project Bauman Children’s Hospital. Due to the addressed to Polish and Israeli students special situation of the hospital building, In the spring of 2019, the Education along with the history of the Bersohn and was carried out. The project resulted in which awaits renovation, the boards can Department launched a series of regular Bauman Children’s Hospital. Places related the development and installation of 12 be viewed two days a week Varsavianist strolls addressed to a wide to the activity of Janusz Korczak were educational boards telling the history by appointment. audience, focusing on the history and shown. The trail also included the Jewish of the Warsaw Ghetto (in three languages: functioning of the Warsaw Ghetto. The cemetery on Okopowa Street, where the strolls followed in the footsteps of the graves of distinguished philanthropists The education fights undertaken by the fighters of the are located - the places presented boards were Jewish Combat Organisation and the at the “Warsaw in Three Portraits” placed in front of the hospital , the history of exhibition. Approximately 150 people took wall from the Sienna and Śliska Streets was told part in 6 strolls. side of Sienna Street. Photo WGM/ M. Nowak The youth from A. Fredro Secondary School and Jagna Kofta conducting a tour of the former ghetto, September 2019. Photo WGM

Education board dedicated to Emanuel Ringelblum and the Oneg Shabbat group. Photo WGM

Employee of the Education Department, The “Cemetery at Okopowa Street. Jewish Jagna Kofta, during a stroll “Warsaw belongs philatropists” stroll. Conducted by Jagna to me and I belong to Warsaw.” Photo WGM Kofta. Photo WGM 19 20 Internet guide/ Educational game Radio play Series of film interviews “In the footsteps of the Warsaw Ghetto” The audio guide materials, which were In cooperation with the World Association the Jews found themselves during the prepared last year, have been used for of Soldiers, the Education war: from active help, through helpless In cooperation with the Polish educational purposes. On their basis, a Department carried out the “Home compassion, indifference to the events Underground State Foundation, an radio play was created, which describes Army against the tragedy of Polish Jews” taking place, to taking advantage of Internet Educational Guide/Game was the situation of 1/3 of the inhabitants project as part of the Multi-annual the situation in which the fellow Jewish created, thanks to which anyone who of pre-war Warsaw and during World “Independent” Programme for the years citizens found themselves. Parts of the enters the website launched for this War II. In November 1940, approximately 2017-2022. It is a series of 30 filmed interviews are presented on the WGM purpose will be able to learn more about 400,000 Jews were closed behind the interviews with the witnesses to the website in three languages: Polish, the history of selected places connected walls marking the borders of the ghetto. history. The interviews show the spectrum English and Hebrew. with the Warsaw Ghetto. These include In July 1942, the so-called Grossaktion of attitudes towards the situation in which the following monuments: Monument took place in the Treblinka II extermination to the Ghetto Heroes, Monument to camp, which entailed the murder of One of the the Evacuation of Warsaw Ghetto the majority, i.e. almost 300,000, of the interviewees, Fighters, Monument to Janusz Korczak, Jews gathered in the Warsaw Ghetto. In a participant of the Warsaw Emanuel Ringelblum, Szmul Zygelbojm, the morning of 19 April 1943, when the Uprising, Halina Monument; monuments Germans began the final liquidation of the Rogozińska, June 2019. commemorating: commanders of the ghetto and another wave of deportations, Photo WGM/ Jewish Fighting Organisation, fights of they were fired upon by fighters from M. Nowak the Jewish Military Union on Muranowski the Jewish Combat Organisation (Polish: Square, “Żegota” Council to Aid Jews. Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa, ŻOB) and The guide is intended for working with the Jewish Military Union (Polish: Żydowski students as well as for tourists. Związek Wojskowy, ŻZW). The script was wThe game is available at: written by Ewa Bieniek- Małkowska, the https://1943.pl/gra-edukacyjna/. radio play was directed by Paweł Passini. The radio play is available at: www.1943.pl, in the “videoblog” tab.Paweł Passini.

Interview with Research activities Michał Bauer, participant of the September Scientific conference campaign, Home Army soldier, May In November 2019, the Museum organised Europejska Sieć Pamięć i Solidarność, 2019. Photo an international scientific conference ENRS) and Touro College Berlin. The main WGM/ M. Nowak entitled “The Beginning of Nazi Occupation: aim of the conference was to make an in- Patterns of Continuity and Changes in depth, scientific analysis of the influence Jewish and Polish Life, 1939-1941” in of the German occupation on the situation cooperation with the Polish Association for in Polish lands and the attitudes of the Jewish Studies (Polish: Polskie Towarzystwo population in the first year of the German Studiów Żydowskich, PTSŻ), the Jewish occupation. This event corresponded with Historical Institute (Polish: Żydowski Instytut the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of the Historyczny, ŻIH), the European Network World War II in 2019. Approximately 200 Remembrance and Solidarity (Polish: people took part in the debate 21 22 Scientific conference, November 2019, ŻIH. Photo MGW/ M. Nowak

Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk Albert Stankowski – director speaking Album dedicated to the Bersohn to the and Bauman Children’s Hospital assembled. Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk The publication was prepared by Dr. of Warsaw Jews and the Warsaw Ghetto. Hanna Węgrzynek – a deputy director Museum employees wrote texts telling of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum and the history of the hospital and presented Prof. Konrad Zieliński from the Scientific the collected iconographic materials. Department. It presents the history of the The album was released in two language Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital versions – Polish and English, in edition of as an important testimony to the history 300 copies each.

Prof. Daniel Blatman – Chief Historian of WGM, moderating the lecture. Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk

Anniversary publication of the album prepared by WGM, dedicated to the Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital. Photo: WGM 23 24 Memories of Izaak Wacław Kornblum Just before the war broke out, the whole Interactive map of the ghetto family moved to 35 Niska Street. Izaak The publication entitled: “Wacław Kornblum was thirteen at the time. His In 2018, works on an interactive map of The ongoing works focus on topographic Kornblum. Memories. My version” opens memories constitute an emotional story the ghetto were initiated. The project was changes and contain many new findings a series of personal retrospections. The about the diversity of life of the Jews in partially implemented under the Multi- which differ from previous studies of main character (born in 1926) grew up in the pre-war Warsaw, about the Polish- annual “Independent” Programme for the this type. In the future, the map will Warsaw of the 1930s. At that time, he lived Jewish relations during the occupation, years 2017-2022. The aim is to prepare a be enriched with numerous photos, at 42 Śliska Street, near the Bersohn and about hiding and survival, and, finally, map showing the changes taking place in which are successively collected. The Bauman Children’s Hospital. He attended about the post- war history of the the city space during World War II before interactive map of the ghetto will be a nursery school operating under the Survivors. Today, Wacław Kornblum is a the creation of the ghetto, during its an important part of the permanent auspices of the Bund, then a Bund school member of the Council of the Warsaw existence and after its liquidation. exhibition at 36 Krochmalna Street. Ghetto Museum.

Wacław Kornblum, Warsaw 2019. Photo: MGW Initiatives J. Turczyk

“This used to be a ghetto. We remember.”

A programme has been developed to include local governments and communities in Mazovia in the commemoration of the Jewish population. The authorities of towns, municipalities and villages were offered WGM to jointly organise anniversary events “Matzevas Publication and contribute to commemoration of Memory”, “Wacław Jerzy Kalina Kornblum. in the form of plaques. There were 12 Memories. letters of intent sent out. Talks and My version”. Photo: WGM documentation collection are in progress. The project will last several years. In order to commemorate ghettos, the Museum will offer the participating municipalities to erect a monument or to build a commemorative plaque. The author of the “Matzevas of Memory” project is a sculptor, Jerzy Kalina, who signed a cooperation agreement with the Warsaw Ghetto Museum in this regard. 25 26 An example Protection of monuments of placing a commemo- rative plaque. On the initiative of specialists from boundaries, which is clearly visible in Author: the Department of Collections of the several photographs preserved. The bullet J. Kalina. Warsaw Ghetto Museum, the fence marks can still be seen in some parts of of the building at 5/7 Stawki Street the fence. The preservation maintenance from the side of Niska Street has been of the fence was possible thanks to the included in the Communal Register of iconographic and cartographic analysis of Historic Monuments of the Capital City the plans and photoplans from the years of Warsaw. The fence surrounds the 1936-1948, and photographs (i.a. from the current seat of the Faculty of Psychology ), which showed that part of the University of Warsaw, where Public of the fence from the side of Niska Street Universal Schools No. 153 and No. 175 were as well as the foundation and posts are located before the war. During World War original and were built simultaneously II, this area was located within the ghetto with the building in the years 1936-1937.

An example of placing a monument. Author: J. Kalina.

Fragment of the fence from the side of Fence post with a visible shooting hole, Niska Street. Photo WGM probably from 1943 or 1944. May 2019, Photo - WGM

People getting out of the building, 25 People preparing to jump from a Niska Street. Source: Stroop Report burning building, 25, 27 Niska Street. Source: Stroop Report 27 28 Geophysical surveys International memento collection

In July 2019, on the premises of the future on Miła Street and, at the request of the In 2020, it is planned to launch the cooperation with American film producer seat of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum, Royal Łazienki Museum, on the premises “International Memento Collection” Charles B. Wessler, a film inviting the geophysical research was carried out of this institution. In cooperation with the campaign, the aim of which is to English-speaking audience to participate by experts from the Maurice Greenberg Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of acquire objects connected with the in the action was performed. Further Centre for Judaic Studies at Hartford the Polish Academy of Sciences, non- Warsaw Ghetto. The regulations of this promotional and organisational activities University in Connecticut in the United invasive archaeological research was undertaking were introduced will be continued in 2020 and in the States. The researchers were looking for carried out within the area of the hospital in September 2019. Moreover, in following years. artefacts related to the history of the complex. As a result, several anomalies, hospital. Analogous research was also that may be related to the presence of carried out around the Anielewicz Mound historical objects, were detected. Director Albert Stankowski and film producer Charless B. Wessler, Warsaw 2019. Photo WGM

Events

Anniversary of the outbreak of the school youth; a Varsavianist stroll along the memorial sites of the Ghetto Uprising; In April 2019, the Warsaw Ghetto Museum screening of a film “Ulica graniczna” team, together with the Jewish Social and (“Border Street”) (directed by A. Ford, Cultural Association in Poland, organised release year - 1948) with a commentary of a series of events commemorating a film expert; a concert commemorating the anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Jewish composers - victims of the Uprising. The main ceremonies with Holocaust “Silent Voices”; a monodrama the participation of state and local „Yosl Rakover Talks to God” performed selfgovernment authorities, veterans and by Sławomir Holland. The exhibition Jewish circles, took place in front of the “Wyprostowani, nieugięci...” (“Standing Monument to the Ghetto Heroes. The up straight, unbent...”) dedicated to the Photo MGW/ M. Nowak following events were organised as author of the Monument to the Ghetto part of the ceremonies: workshops for Heroes was opened. 29 30 Concert closing the year project was inspired by a poem by Abram Koplowicz, entitled “Marzenie” In December 2019, the Warsaw Ghetto (“A Dream”), written by a thirteen- Museum, in cooperation with Warsaw yearold in the Łódź Ghetto. Translated Jewish organisations prepared cultural into over ten languages, it has become events on the occasion of Hanukkah. a symbol of children’s work during the Promoting Polish artists, who seek Holocaust. Abram Koplowicz died in inspiration in the works of Jewish artists, a Auschwitz but his legacy survived, thanks concert of Lena Piękniewska entitled: “Coś to his stepbrother. The programme przyjdzie - miłość lub wojna” (“Something also included literary works by Zuzanna will come: love or war”) was organised and Ginczanka, Abraham Cytryn and Janka recorded. This musical Hescheles

“Coś przyjdzie: miłość lub wojna” (“Something will come: love or war”) Concert on the occasion of Hanukkah 2019. Photo WGM/ J. Turczyk

76th Anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, 19 April 2019. Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk

Director Hanna Węgrzynek showing the visitors around the area of the ghetto. Photo WGM/ J. Turczyk

Alexander Ben Zvi, an ambassador of Israel David Berman, a scientific worker at to Poland - Photo WGM/J. Turczyk the Warsaw Ghetto Museum. Photo WGM/J. Turczyk 31 32 Albert Stankowski, Director of the Image Warsaw Ghetto Museum. Photo WGM/ J. Turczyk WGM visual identity competition

“The economical and well-thought-out Prof. Philipe Boulakia. graphic form is fully adequate to the “The visual identity of this institution importance of the topic,” should take its pro-social nature says Prof. Slawomir Kosmynka. into account. Moreover, it must be “The strength of this concept lies in understandable to people of many the fact that it does not illustrate the cultures and languages. The Lithuanian horror with numbers or ‘fancy symbols’, design met the criteria adopted by the but with the real names of people who jury to the greatest extent,” experienced the life in the ghetto,” says says Margaret Naimska.

Lena Piękniewska. Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk

The concept of the visual identity of the studios from Poland among the finalists: Museum was selected in international Futu, Redkroft, The Codeine. Moreover, competition which was conducted jointly the designers from the Czech- British with the Polish Association of Applied studio Little Greta, the Lithuanian Graphic Designers. The authors of the studio DADADA and the Italian designer winning concept are the designers Francesco Ciampa were qualified for from the Lithuanian studio DADADA. the second stage. The finalists prepared The competition was announced in works in the form of specific visual September 2019. In the first stage, identity concepts to be evaluated by 216 applications were received, out of the competition jury. 11 designs were which the jury selected 6. There were 3 submitted. 33 34 TosiaTosia AltmanTosia Altman Altman NationalNationalNational Website and social media profile AugustAugu 24, 191st 92 4,–Augu 1919st – 24, 1919 – Remembrance May 26,Ma 1943y 26, 1943May 26, 1943 RemembranceRemembrance TosiaTosia Altman Altman DaNationalDayNational foryDa f orP olesy Pf oroles Poles The www.1943.pl website, prepared in author shows the reader certain streets August 2Augu4, 191st9 2–4, 1919 – May 26,Ma 1943y 26, 1943 SaRemembrancevingSaRemembrancevingSa Jewving Jews Jsew s Polish and English versions, is a source and talks about the institutions and people DaMarchyDa Mar24 fchory 24 MarfPorcholes 24 Poles of information about the institution and connected with them. The Warsaw Ghetto SavingSaving Jew Jsews its employees. In addition to the Public Museum has published 23 episodes of the TATA TA March 24March 24 Warsaw GhetWarsawto GhetWato rsaw Ghetto Information Bulletin, information about series so far. Agnieszka Witkowska-Krych MuseumMuseum Museum of Tosia Altmanof Tosia Altmanof Tosia Altman TATA current events and historical columns are is an anthropologist of culture, Hebraist Warsaw GhetWarsawto Ghetto Museum Museum published here. “The Taste of Life in the and sociologist. She is a highly regarded of Tosia Altmanof Tosia Altman In memoryIn memoryIn memory AdamAdamAdam Ghetto” by Agnieszka Witkowska-Krych researcher of the life and legacy of Janusz Czerniaków of allof allvictimsof victims all victims CzerniaCzerniakówków is a cycle of 25 columns that create a Korczak, a collaborator of the Forum for ANovedammberNoAve 30dammber, 1880No 30ve —, 1880mber — 30 , 1880 — ofIn memoryWofInarsa Wmemoryofarsa wWarsaw w The monthThe month ofThe uprisin monthof uprising of guprisinJuly g23,July 1942 23, 1942July 23, 1942 series concerning the food problems Dialogue Foundation and the Center for ofGhett allGhettof victimsalloGhett victimso o CzerniaCzerniakówków NovemberNo ve30mber, 1880 30 —, 1880 — that affected Jews confined in the Yiddish Culture. In December 2019, she of Wofarsa Warsaw w The monthThe month of uprisin of uprising g July 23, July1942 23, 1942 GhettGhetto o Warsaw Ghetto, as well as concerning the received the KLIO Award, in a contest for activities of provisional feeding points the best historical books, for her book

Warsaw GhetWarsawto GhetWtoarsaw Ghetto Warsaw GhettWarsawo GhettWao rsaw Ghetto Museum Museumof of Museum of Museum Museum Museum UnknownUnkno Victimwn VictiUnknom wn Victim of Adam ofCzernia Adamkó Czerniaw of Akódamw Czerniaków for the starving ghetto inhabitants, and “Mniej strachu. Fakty i mity o ostatniej kitchens providing food for children and drodze Janusza Korczaka i jego Warsaw GhetWarsawto Ghetto Warsaw GhettWarsawo Ghetto Museum ofMuseum of Museum Museum Unknown VictiUnknomwn Victim of Adam Czerniaof Adamkó wCzerniaków infants. The series takes the form of a podopiecznych” [“Less fear. Facts and stroll around the closed district of Warsaw myths of the last road of Janusz Korczak that existed during the occupation - the and the children of his orphanage”].

The winning work was selected by specific, historical names. Visual identity the international jury composed of: is much more than a logo, it is the context Małgorzata Naimska - Deputy Director and language of forms, colours and of the Culture Dpt. of the City of Warsaw; typefaces, which form a well-thought-out Barbara Schabowska - Director at Adam key visual characteristic of the brand - in Mickiewicz Institute; Philippe Boulakia, this case of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum. lecturer at the Bezalel Academy of Arts Identity colours are assigned with and Design in ; Prof. Sławomir associations and meanings: red (terror), Kosmynka from the Strzemiński Academy stone brown (history), light blue (hope). of Fine Arts in Łódź and Albert Stankowski The DADADA studio designed a unique - Director of the Warsaw Ghetto typeface inspired by Hebrew lettering, Museum. The concept of the Lithuanian called “Memotype”. Its characters are DADADA Studio translates the mission used only in the logotype signet. The of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum from logotype signet always consists of initials, the official language into the language in its basic (institutional) form it is an of emotions, referring to individual abbreviation of the name of the Warsaw memory. The authors are guided by Ghetto Museum, and in the versions the idea of commemorating specific commemorating the victims and ghetto people, as expressed in the slogan “No survivors - the initial letters of their first one can be forgotten”. In addition to the names and surnames. An integral part regular logotype, based on the name of of the logotype is the full name of the the institution, an algorithm has been Museum, and in variants commemorating designed that enables almost limitless people it also consists of their full names. possibilities of creating logos based on 35 36 Unlike the columns by Agnieszka context of the International Holocaust Witkowska-Krych, these by Paweł Remembrance Day, Irena Sendler, Cooperation Wieczorek (PhD) were written on the participation of the Jews in the the basis of the anniversary calendar and Polish aid to the Scientific and educational cooperation being part of the mission to spread Jews during the war in relation to the the knowledge about the life, struggle National Day of Remembrance of Poles Cooperation agreements have been lessons (Warsaw Rising Museum, Polish and extermination of Polish Jews in the Rescuing Jews under German occupation. signed with the following institutions: History Museum), organisation of Warsaw Ghetto and other ghettos in The author specialises in recent history Institute of National Remembrance, workshops for teachers (“Przystanek Poland occupied by Germans. So far, Dr. and was granted M. Bałaban Award Treblinka Museum, a Nazi Historia”). The Education Department Wieczorek has written ten columns for for the best doctoral thesis by the extermination and labour camp has also begun cooperation with the the Museum. His texts concerned: the Jewish Historical Institute (ŻIH). She has (1941– 1944), , “Konwój 77” (“Convoy 77”) organisation, beginning and the fall of the Warsaw cooperated with USHMM, ŻIH and Social a concentration and which runs a project to commemorate Ghetto Uprising, “Operation Reinhardt”, and Cultural Association of Jews in extermination camp (1941–1944), Warsaw the Jews deported by the final train from the “Krysia” bunker, “Bloody Friday”, Poland (Polish: Towarzystwo Społeczno- Rising Museum, Jewish Social and Cultural France to Auschwitz. As part of joint the liberation of Auschwitz in the Kulturalne Żydów w Polsce, TSKŻ). Association in Poland, Nissenbaum Family activities, museum educators would Foundation, train the teachers participating in the Foundation, Institute of Archaeology project. Similar cooperation, concerning and Ethnology of the Polish Academy the training of teachers, was established of Sciences. The Education Department with the Foundation for the Preservation has established contacts with the of Jewish Heritage which has been Education Department of the Warsaw protecting Jewish cemeteries in Poland Rising Museum, “Przystanek Historia” for many years. The Scientific and (“Next Stop: History”) Educational Centre Research Department has established of the Institute of National Remembrance cooperation with museums and scientific and the Education Department of the and research institutions in Poland and Museum of Polish History. Areas of abroad that conduct research on the cooperation with these institutions have history and culture of Jews and especially been established: joint museum on the Holocaust.

Signing the cooperati on agreeme nt between the In July 2019, the WGM started an online contemporary photographs are taken WGM and the Treblinka project concerning the wartime past by a volunteer cooperating with Museum; from of the capital and its contemporary the museum - Mr. Janusz Wąż. Each post the left: Prof. Konrad Zieliński, image. Photographs of Warsaw from of the project attracts a group of several WGM historian; the time of the German occupation thousand recipients. This contributes Dr. Edward contrasted with photographs to the involvement of the inhabitants Kopówka, Direct or of the Trebli of the same places in their current state, of Warsaw in learning about the history nka Museum; are presented every Friday on the social of the capital city, as well as helps Albert Stankows media profile of the institution. Archival to better promote the Warsaw Ghetto ki, Director of the WGM, Prof. photographs are provided Museum which, as a young institution, Daniel Blatman, by the Department of Collections is still creating its image. chief historian of the WGM of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum, while 37 38 Signing the Cooperation at the international level cooperation agreement with the Institute The Education Department of the “The Journal for the Study of the of National Museum has begun cooperation with Holocaust and ”, published Remembrance; Jarosław the Israeli Ministry of Education, the aim by Mordechai Anielevich Memorial Szarek, of which is to organise an educational Holocaust Study and Research in Israel. President of the Institute programme of visits to Poland for Israeli The Museum cooperates closely with of National youth. The Museum also cooperates with the Hebrew University in Jerusalem Remembrance; Israeli NGOs, including the Mashmaut (thanks to the involvement of the Albert Stankowski, Center, commemorating the Jews Museum’s chief historian, Prof. Daniel Director of the murdered in Poland during the Holocaust. Blatman). A promising cooperation was Warsaw Ghetto Museum; The result of this cooperation was an also established with Touro College April 2019. educational stroll and a lecture devoted Berlin (resulting in a joint conference Photo WGM to Stefania Wilczyńska, prepared for in November 2019). The Exhibition an Israeli group of female educators Department began cooperation with the who visited Warsaw in August 2019. Holocaust Museum in Sered, Slovakia, The Scientific Department plans to get which will result in the presentation of an involved with the publication of exhibition concerning the Warsaw Ghetto the prestigious and recognised journal in Sered in November 2020.

Council of the Warsaw

Signing the cooperation agreement between the Signing the cooperation agreement between the WGM and the Jewish Social and Cultural Association WGM and the Majdanek State Museum; from the left: in Poland; from the left: Director of the WGM - Albert Dr. Tomasz Krantz, Director of the Museum, Albert Ghetto Museum Stankowski, President of TSKŻ - Artur Hofman Stankowski, Director of the WGM

On the basis of the Act of 21 November conference, was held. In the closed part 1996 on Museums, on 10 September 2019, of the meeting, the following members the following 14 members of the Museum were elected: Chairman of the Council - Council at the Warsaw Ghetto Museum Michael Schudrich, Chief Rabbi of Poland, were nominated: Colette Avital; Bishop and the Vice-Chairman - Małgorzata Dr. Mieczysław Cisło; Michael Schudrich; Naimska, Deputy Director of the Culture Adam Struzik; Małgorzata Naimska; Artur Department of the City of Warsaw. Hoffman; Dr. Jan Kutnik; Irene Kronhill Pletka; Anna Stupnicka- Bando; Gideon The people gathered also nominated the Nissenbaum; Barbara Blumenthal; fifteenth member of the council, namely Abraham Foxman; Marian Turski; Wacław the Minister of Culture and National Signing the cooperation agreement between the Signing the contract with the Nissenbaum Family Kornblum. In September, the first meeting Heritage, Jarosław Sellin. WGM and the Nissenbaum Family Foundation; from Foundation; June 2019 Photo WGM of the Council of the Warsaw Ghetto the left: Gideon Nissenbaum, Albert Stankowski Museum, combined with a press 39 40 Members of the WGM Council

Bersohn and Bauman Children’s Hospital. Photo WGM

Statistics of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum

| Number of people visiting temporary exhibitions: “Standing up straight, unbent…” - approximately 45,000 people saw the exhibition. Approximately 30,000 people saw the “Postcards from our area” exhibition. It is estimated that the “Warsaw in Three Portraits” exhibition was seen by approximately 80,000 people.

| Number of lessons conducted: In 2019, the employees of the Education Department conducted 98 hours of museum lessons, attended by 1,470 students from Warsaw and Mazovia.

| Number of interviews completed As part of the “Home Army against the tragedy of Polish Jews” project - the Education Department conducted and filmed a series of 30 interviews with witnesses to the history

| Collection There are 79 items in the inventory of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum, consisting of 709 objects (including 433 photographs)

Publisher:

| Warsaw Ghetto Museum Editorship: communication and promotion department of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum: Anna Kilian, Kama Pawlicka, Miłka Skalska, Tomasz Kaliński Graphic design and composition: First meeting of the Warsaw Ghetto Museum Council, 11.09.2019. Photo MGW/ J. Turczyk Andrzej Wąsik, andu.pl Warsaw Ghetto Musuem [email protected] ul. Zielna 39 00-108 Warsaw www.1943.pl