THE UNINSPIRED REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

“NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1727

November 5 (Old Style): Gideon Hawley was born in the Stratfield section of Stratford (now Bridgeport, Connecticut), son of Gideon Hawley and Hannah Bennett Hawley (his gravestone provides no indication that his mother Hannah Bennett Hawley had died in giving birth). Gideon Hawley 1807 In memory of Rev Gideon Hawley who was born at Stratford, Connecticut, Nov 5 O S 1727 graduated at Yale College 1749 ordained in Boston July 31 1754 a missionary to the Indians at Onohaguage or the Six Nations installed at Mashpee April 10 1758 died Oct’r 3 1807 AEt 80 There the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest (This infant was a great-grandson of the Captain Joseph Hawley who had started this family line in America in 1629 and a great-great-grandson of Governor Thomas Welles of the Colony of Connecticut.)

NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1730

Gideon Hawley died. Since his wife Hannah Bennett Hawley had died while giving birth to his son Gideon Hawley, that 3-year-old became at this point an orphan.

LIFE IS LIVED FORWARD BUT UNDERSTOOD BACKWARD? — NO, THAT’S GIVING TOO MUCH TO THE HISTORIAN’S STORIES. LIFE ISN’T TO BE UNDERSTOOD EITHER FORWARD OR BACKWARD.

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1749

Ezra Stiles was licensed to preach and became a tutor at Yale College.

Gideon Hawley graduated from Yale.

When the Reverend Elihu Spencer, a 1746 graduate of Yale, attempted to establish a mission to the Six Nations at the town of Oquaga on the Susquehanna River near what is now Windsor, , his missionary attempt failed.

THE FUTURE IS MOST READILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1750

May: Gideon Hawley was licensed to preach.

THE FUTURE CAN BE EASILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1752

February 5, Wednesday (Old Style): Gideon Hawley accepted a position with the Society for Propagating the Gospel among the Indians under the supervision of the Reverend Jonathan Edwards (who after being dismissed in 1750 by his parishioners in Northampton had become a preacher to the white settlers and the Housatonic native tribe in Stockbridge, ).

DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD.

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1753

In 1749, the Reverend Elihu Spencer had made an attempt to be a missionary to the Six Nations at the town of Oquaga on the Susquehanna River near what is now Windsor, New York. That attempt had failed. In this year the Commissioners of Indian affairs asked Gideon Hawley to make a new attempt there.

CHANGE IS ETERNITY, STASIS A FIGMENT

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1754

July 31, Wednesday: Gideon Hawley was ordained at the Old South meetinghouse in Boston (the Reverend Doctor Sewall preached on the occasion and the Reverend Mr. Prince gave the charge). He would be sent to minister among the Six Nations at the town of Oquaga on the Susquehanna River near what is now Windsor, New York. Besides acting as a missionary, he would serve as an interpreter. He would instruct Mohawk, Oneida, and Tuscarora natives, with the Reverend Jonathan Edwards occasionally visiting to observe and offer advice.

THE REV. HAWLEY’S REPORT HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1756

The beginning of the Seven Year War (Prussia and Britain versus France, Austria, and Russia), which, as its name implies, would not come to its completion until 1763. Curiously, also in this year the British government purchased the right to export 600,000 Russian trees each year, to supply the Royal Navy.

Having received merely an elementary education, Samuel Hearne joined the Royal Navy as midshipman under the fighting captain Samuel Hood. He would remain with Hood throughout the war, seeing considerable action including the bombardment of Le Havre.

Due to the French and Indian War (which is the name this Seven Year War would travel under in the New World), the Reverend Gideon Hawley needed to retreat from his missionary station among the Six Nations at the town of Oquaga on the Susquehanna River near what is now Windsor, New York. Traveling to Boston, he became chaplain of Colonel Richard Gridley’s regiment.

Relative quiet prevailed on the Great Lakes of North America. Both sides there were, however, feverishly preparing for the inevitable confrontation that lay ahead. The French continued their construction of the massive new works at Fort Carillon while the British continued fortifying the head of Lake George. At Lake George a massive fleet of bateaus was constructed, and two small sloops. On the lake and on shore, there were skirmishes between Roger’s Rangers and the French.

WHAT I’M WRITING IS TRUE BUT NEVER MIND YOU CAN ALWAYS LIE TO YOURSELF

Winter: After serving as chaplain to the regiment of Colonel Richard Gridley during their French and Indian campaign, when the Reverend Gideon Hawley attempted to return to his mission among the , he found the area still too hazardous and needed to spend this winter in West Springfield, Massachusetts.

Reverend Gideon Hawley “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1757

Spring: The Reverend Gideon Hawley made a 2d attempt to return to his mission among the Six Nations at the town of Oquaga on the Susquehanna River near what is now Windsor, New York, but this was made impossible by an outbreak of small pox among the natives. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1758

April 10, Monday: The commissioners of the Society for Propagating the Gospel installed the Reverend Gideon Hawley as pastor on the reservation at Mashpee, Massachusetts (he would serve there for the remainder of his life). HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1763

The Reverend Gideon Hawley wrote to the Reverend Joseph Bellamy, another person who had served under the instruction of the Reverend Jonathan Edwards, pointing out that such religious attitudes were unpopular: “I don’t know of but two clergymen however in the country that appear to like your principles.” HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1794

July 31, Thursday: The Reverend Gideon Hawley of Marshpee provided an account of his services among the Indians of Massachusetts and New-York, and a narrative of his adventurous 1754 journey to Onohoghgwage. THE REV. HAWLEY’S REPORT

(In about 1849, Henry Thoreau would make notes on this in his Indian Notebook #2.) HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1800

October 2, Thursday: Nathaniel “Nat” Turner was born in Southampton County, Virginia, near the Great Dismal Swamp in which as an adult he would seek refuge. Nat1 was given the name Turner because his mother was a piece of property belonging to a white man named Benjamin Turner, and because under Virginia law the legal standing of the mother of a child determined the legal standing of her child. He emerged from his mother’s womb as the property of this Mr. Turner — but in the end he would find himself being hanged for having committed an act of violence and violation against another human being! He would dictate a confession, but in his confession, despite the fact that his contemporaries acknowledge him to have been an exceedingly intelligent man, he would have difficulty getting this to make any sense at all. SLAVERY

The Reverend Timothy Dwight visited the Reverend Gideon Hawley on the reservation at Mashpee, Massachusetts.2 In TRAVELS IN AND NEW YORK, published in 1821/1823 in London, the Reverend Dwight, who hadn’t seen Hawley since he had been a teenager, would write that “this gentleman was a most intimate friend of my parents. From his youth he had sustained as amiable and unexceptionable a character as can perhaps be found among uninspired men” (now there’s a lefthanded compliment, if ever there was one).

1. “Nat” = Nathaniel, but should we not use the name taught us by Frederick Douglass? Otherwise, for consistency, wouldn’t we have to refer to Frederick Douglass and Nathaniel Hawthorne as Dred Douglass and Nat Hawthorne, or perhaps Dred Bailey and Nat Hathorne? PC-people, here’s something to chew on! 2. The Reverend Dwight was a grandson of the Reverend Jonathan Edwards, under whose instruction the Reverend Hawley had served. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1801

April 29, Wednesday: During the visit of the Reverend Timothy Dwight with the Reverend Gideon Hawley on the reservation at Mashpee, Massachusetts in the previous October, the Reverend Hawley’s son James Hawley had been seriously ill. At this point, in a letter to the Reverend Dwight, the father mentioned that after this visit his son had survived only for an additional eight days. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1802

September 21, Tuesday: The Reverend Gideon Hawley again wrote to his friend the Reverend Timothy Dwight. This letter also would be included in the Reverend Dwight’s TRAVELS IN NEW ENGLAND AND NEW YORK, published in 1823 in London.

On this evening, above the Volunteer Ground in North Audley Street, Grosvernor Square, London, Andrè- Jacques Garnerin made the world’s 1st actual parachute leap (previous parachute descents had been inside a balloon gondola rather than with the parachute strapped to the jumper’s body). The leap was from the gondola of a hydrogen balloon and he landed in a field near St Pancras. Garnerin’s wife Jeanne-Geneviève was his balloon pilot, and his niece Elisa would often fly and jump with him.

“One Captain Learned took his own life by Lodnum at Mr Williams’s Tavern.” LAUDANUM HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1807

October 3, Saturday: Gideon Hawley died at the age of 80. His gravestone in the Barnstable/Marstons Mills Cemetery reads: Gideon Hawley 1807 In memory of Rev Gideon Hawley who was born at Stratford, Connecticut, Nov 5 O S 1727 graduated at Yale College 1749 ordained in Boston July 31 1754 a missionary to the Indians at Onohaguage or the Six Nations installed at Mashpee April 10 1758 died Oct’r 3 1807 AEt 80 There the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest

THE REV. HAWLEY’S REPORT

Heinrich Friedrich Karl, Baron vom und zum Stein became Minister of State of Prussia.

Friend Stephen Wanton Gould wrote in his journal: 7 day 3rd of 10th M / What shall I say? unfaithfulness (& may I not say rebellion) again compels me to say no improvement - my very Soul at this moment revolts at the Idea of remaining so long in a state of unfaithfulness & unwatchfulness, but I fear “the next gale of temptations will blow away my resolutions” at this time - -This eveng spent a little time at Thos Robisons very pleasantly as to the outward, but my mind was in so lean a condition that I could not feel much life RELIGIOUS SOCIETY OF FRIENDS HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1821

Publication of the first two volumes of the Reverend Timothy Dwight’s TRAVELS IN NEW ENGLAND AND NEW YORK: DWIGHT’S TRAVELS, I DWIGHT’S TRAVELS, II

April 10, Friday, 1857: D.R.’s Shanty … The more characteristic books were Bradley’s Husbandry, Drake’s Indians, Barber’s Hist. Coll., Zimmermann on Solitude, Bigelow’s Plants of Boston, &c., Farmer’s Register of the first Settlers of New England, Marshall’s Gardening, Vick’s Gardener, John Woolman, The Modern Horse Doctor, Downing’s Fruits, &c., The Farmer’s Library, Walden, Dymond’s Essays, Jobb Scott’s Journal, Morton’s Memorial, Bailey’s Dictionary, Downing’s Landscape Gardening, etc., The Task, Nuttall’s Ornithology, Morse’s Gazetteer, The Domestic Practice of Hydropathy, John Buncle, Dwight’s Travels, Virgil, Young’s Night Thoughts, History of Plymouth, and other Shanty books. … FRIEND DANIEL RICKETSON

The final two volumes would appear in following years. According to Walter Harding,3 Thoreau was very familiar with this series TRAVELS IN NEW ENGLAND AND NEW YORK, written before the Reverend Wright’s death in 1817 in description of various trips he had taken between 1795 and 1815. DWIGHT’S TRAVELS, III DWIGHT’S TRAVELS, IV

The Reverend Dwight visited Rhode Island.

REV. TIMOTHY DWIGHT

3. Per an April 1958 article by Walter Harding in the Boston Public Library Quarterly. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

1849

In about this year Henry Thoreau copied from an article “Extract from an Indian History” in the COLLECTIONS OF THE MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY (Volume IX, 1st Series, 1804) and copied from an article “A Letter from Rev. Gideon Hawley of Marshpee” in the volume of COLLECTIONS for the year 1795, into his Indian Notebook #2.4 AN INDIAN HISTORY

“MAGISTERIAL HISTORY” IS FANTASIZING: HISTORY IS CHRONOLOGY

COPYRIGHT NOTICE: In addition to the property of others, such as extensive quotations and reproductions of images, this “read-only” computer file contains a great deal of special work product of Austin Meredith, copyright 2015. Access to these interim materials will eventually be offered for a fee in order to recoup some of the costs of preparation. My hypercontext button invention which, instead of creating a hypertext leap through hyperspace —resulting in navigation problems— allows for an utter alteration of the context within which one is experiencing a specific content already being viewed, is claimed as proprietary to Austin Meredith — and therefore freely available for use by all. Limited permission to copy such files, or any material from such files, must be obtained in advance in writing from the “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project, 833 Berkeley St., Durham NC 27705. Please contact the project at .

“It’s all now you see. Yesterday won’t be over until tomorrow and tomorrow began ten thousand years ago.” – Remark by character “Garin Stevens” in William Faulkner’s INTRUDER IN THE DUST

4. The original notebooks are held by the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York, as manuscripts #596 through #606. There are photocopies, made by Robert F. Sayre in the 1930s, in four boxes at the University of Iowa Libraries, accession number MsC 795. More recently, Bradley P. Dean, PhD and Paul Maher, Jr. have attempted to work over these materials. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

ARRGH AUTOMATED RESEARCH REPORT

GENERATION HOTLINE

This stuff presumably looks to you as if it were generated by a human. Such is not the case. Instead, someone has requested that we pull it out of the hat of a pirate who has grown out of the shoulder of our pet parrot “Laura” (as above). What these chronological lists are: they are research reports compiled by ARRGH algorithms out of a database of modules which we term the Kouroo Contexture (this is data mining). To respond to such a request for information we merely push a button. HDT WHAT? INDEX

REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY REVEREND GIDEON HAWLEY

Commonly, the first output of the algorithm has obvious deficiencies and we need to go back into the modules stored in the contexture and do a minor amount of tweaking, and then we need to punch that button again and recompile the chronology — but there is nothing here that remotely resembles the ordinary “writerly” process you know and love. As the contents of this originating contexture improve, and as the programming improves, and as funding becomes available (to date no funding whatever has been needed in the creation of this facility, the entire operation being run out of pocket change) we expect a diminished need to do such tweaking and recompiling, and we fully expect to achieve a simulation of a generous and untiring robotic research librarian. Onward and upward in this brave new world.

First come first serve. There is no charge. Place requests with . Arrgh.